assignment 1 · web viewthe written theory exam is 2 hours long and covers a wide range of topics....
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Y10 ICT Homework2011 – 2012
Term 1a
Name: Class:
Teacher:
IntroductionWelcome to the iGCSE ICT course. You will have 4 lessons per week and are expected to
complete 30 – 40 minutes per night homework. Homework is a vital part of this course and it
is important that you ensure you put in the right amount of time and effort, in order to make
sure you get the best grade possible in your exams.
The written theory exam is 2 hours long and covers a wide range of topics. Questions range
from simple true/false ones, to ones requiring long, extended answers.
Like any other IGCSE subject, ICT theory requires you to learn the facts and understand
the principles. There is no shortcut... you will have to WORK HARD and COMPLETE YOUR
HOMEWORK! These homework assignments will help you to gain the knowledge and
understanding required.
This homework book contains all the homework assignments you will be asked to complete
in ICT in the first part of Term 1. Each assignment is intended to take you around two hours
to complete, and this time will include time spent researching and reading the material you
will need to complete the assignment properly. Whenever you are tempted to skip on the
research & reading, remember: your answers will show whether or not you have
completed the research – and so will your end of unit exams!
Suggested materials and sites for your research include:
Your text books & the school library
y10ict.wikispaces.com/
www.teach-ict.com/gcse_new.html
www.teach-ict.com/gcse/gcse_topics.html
www.igcseict.info/theory/index.html
igcseict.net/
gcse.com/
ICT Dictionary at http://www.teach-ict.com/glossary/A.html
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Assignment 1
Components of a Computer system1. Using the following diagram write the correct word from the list below in each box to
indicate the three stages of data processing.
PROCESSING DATA INFORMATION
2. Complete the following sentence using the words listed below.
Information data processed context
Raw _____________is _____________ to provide information.
3. If you buy a CD with a computer game on it, have you bought hardware or software?
________________
4. Here are some parts of a computer system. You have to say whether they are hardware
or software by filling in the table.
Item Hardware or software?
Floppy disk drive
DVD film
Blank CD
Windows XP
Scanner
Microsoft Office
Digital camera
CPU
Norton Anti-Virus
5. There are two parts to a useful computer system: hardware and software. Explain the
differences between hardware and software, giving examples of each.
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6. Name the three main components of central processing unit (CPU).Component 1____________________________Component 2____________________________Component 3____________________________
7. Give a brief definition of each of the following terms:
1) Backing
Storage_________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2) Input device____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3) Outputdevice___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
8. Explain the difference between backing storage and memory.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
9. Write down two tasks that your operating system performs.
Task 1____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Task 2____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
10. The three screens below show different types of users of user interface. Name each type of
interface, then briefly state an advantage and a disadvantage for each one.
Name________________________________________________________________________
Advantage____________________________________________________________________
Disadvantage__________________________________________________________________
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Name________________________________________________________________________
Advantage____________________________________________________________________
Disadvantage__________________________________________________________________
Name________________________________________________________________________
Advantage____________________________________________________________________
Disadvantage__________________________________________________________________
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Assignment 2
Components of a Computer system
Which User Interface would be the most appropriate for the following situations?
Choose from: Command-line drive, Menu, G.U.I.
A hotel reservations system
An expert programmer
A school child wanting to open a word processing package
A mobile telephone
A P.D.A with a cut down version of office softwareA large company network administratorSomeone wanting to use the Internet
A cash-point machine
1. Explain in your own words what the term ‘user interface’ means
2. What are the three main types of user interface called?
3. Explain what you need to do to use a command-line driven U.I.
4. Explain What D.O.S. means
5. List the disadvantages of using a command-line driven U.I.
6. Explain how a menu U.I. works
7. List the advantages of using a menu driven U.I.
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8. List the disadvantages of using a menu driven U.I.
9. Explain how a menu G.U.I. works
Copy the sentences below and complete the blanks using words from the list.
You should use each word only once.
DIRECTORY INTERFACE OPTIONSMINIMAL QUICKER BEGINNERSOPERATING INSTRUCTIONS THREEPOINTERS COMMAND PROCESSINGMENU SLOW MEMORYMOUSE GRAPHICAL INTERACT
An is a way to interact with something. For example, your television remote control is an interface to your television.
We needed a way to with our computers and so a user interface was developed to enable us to communicate with the System.
There are main types of user interface, each of which has a specific use.
A Driven Interface presents the user with a blank screen. The computer displays a prompt and the user types in a command which is often abbreviated e.g DIR.W to get a list of all the files in a .
The user presses enter and the Operating System carries out the instruction. Once the
user has learned all the commands, the system is to operate than the other two
systems, but it can take a long time to learn all the commands that you are likely to need.
This type of interface uses less than the others. MS-DOS is an example of a
Command-Driven Interface.
With a Driven Interface, the user completes their tasks by choosing
from a simple menu. Often, one menu will expand to show a
further menu which provides extra options.
Part of the screen may provide for the users to read,
followed by a numbered list of options from which they can
choose. The user selects the option they want with a mouse or
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entering the correct number.
Menu Driven Interfaces can be easy to use, no commands need to be learned. They offer
a step-by-step set of options until the task is completed. Users can learn their way around
with - training. However, they can be to use, sometimes it is
necessary to go through many different menu screens until you reach the option you need.
The user needs to have an idea of where to start looking, otherwise it can be frustrating for
them as they try to search for the menu option they need.
The most commonly used type of interface is a User Interface or GUI. The
user chooses an option usually by pointing a at an icon representing what
they require, e.g. the printer icon to print a document. GUIs are also known as a WIMP
interface – Windows, Icons, Menus and
GUIs are much easier to use for , they require very little training and are fairly
intuitive. They enable you to easily exchange information between software using cut and
paste or ‘drag and drop’.
Users do not have to learn complicated commands. However, GUIs do need a lot more
memory and power than the other two types of user interface. They can be
irritating to experienced users when simple tasks require a number of operations.
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Assignment 3
Hardware and Software
For each of the items listed below say whether it is hardware or software (H or S will do).
KeyboardFloppy diskVisual display unitMouse Word processorJoystickSpreadsheetDatabaseMicrosoft WindowsMagnetic stripe readerHard disk Digital cameraMS PublisherLaser printerBarcode reader
Place the following words in the sentences below. Programs hardware barcode readers mouse software keyboard
1. A computer system consists of two parts: and
2. Software is the name given to the which enable a computer to perform a
useful task.
3. The commonest input device, which comes with all computers is the
4. A is used to move the pointer around the screen and to make selections.
5. are used in supermarkets for recording the details of goods as they are
passed over a laser scanner.
6. Are the following statements true or false?
a. The CPU controls all other parts of the computer
b. RAM is used for storing the start-up instructions on the computer
c. A peripheral is always external
7. Define the following, giving examples:
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(i) operating system software
(ii) application software
8. Compare and contrast
(i) hardware and software
(ii) public domain software, shareware and the software sold in a computer
shop.
9. List four commonly used types of microcomputer application programs other than spreadsheet, database and word processing programs.
10. The Macintosh was first to provide a consistent graphics based user interface. What are the advantages of a graphics based user interface?
11. There are a number of different kinds of software piracy. These include:
extra copies of a program being made within an organization or among friends. software downloaded by users via a modem from a electronic bulletin board.
Answer the following questions. Justify your answers where necessary.
(a) Give a simple definition of the term “software piracy”.
(b) How does a copyright infringement hurt both the software manufacturer and users?
(c) Is it legal to run a program on your computer from a network server? Explain.
(d) Give two other kinds of software piracy.
Computer control
Complete the blanks using words from the list.
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You should use each word only once.
data external analogue physical
processes output sensors digitalhardware control analogue-to-digital monitor(a) Computer control is the use of a computer to _____________ and control an
__________ process.
(b) To control any process a computer needs input from ___________ which provide
it with _________ about the state of the process that it is controlling.
(c) Sensors provide data about a ___________ quantity. The output signal from most
sensors is in ___________ form.
(d) Computers cannot process the analogue data provided by a sensor, it must first
be converted into ____________ using an _______________ converter.
(e) The computer ___________ the data provided by the sensors by using a
____________ program.
(f) The control program instructs the computer how to respond to the input from the
sensors. If the process needs to be modified in any way the computer sends an
________ signal to the __________ which is under its control.
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Assignment 4
Input and Output devices
1. Explain the difference between a mouse and trackball.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. Explain the difference between an impact printer and a non-impact printer.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. Give an example of an impact printer and a non-impact printer.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
4. What are the elements of a graphical user interface?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
5. Name and describe two different types of monitor. Give one advantage and one
disadvantage for each.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
6. When purchasing a printer make a list of factors that should be considered.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
7. Most laptop computers use LCD screens. Why is this so?
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8. Are there any disadvantages of LCD screens?
________________________________________________________________
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9. Two monitor standards are VGA and SVGA. What do these acronyms stand
for and what do they mean?
________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________
10. Explain how an inkjet printer works.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
11. Explain how a laser printer works.
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________________________________________________________________
Select the alternative that correctly answers the following questions.
12. Which of the following is NOT an input device?(a) Keyboard(b) Mouse(c) Floppy Disk(d) Microphone
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13. A computer mouse has a mouse ball that drives two rollers. The purpose of these rollers is to:
(a) Control x and y movement.(b) Stop the ball from dropping out.(c) Self clean the mouse ball.(d) Connect to each of the mouse buttons.
14. What type of input device would be most appropriate for a visitor information centre at a zoo, where many people that may have little or no computer experience would use it?
(a) Mouse(b) Keyboard(c) Touch screen(d) Touch pad
15. Of the following, what is the most appropriate type of input device that is used with a laptop computer?
(a) Mouse(b) Trackball(c) Touchpad(d) Joystick
16. A pointing device that is like a small rod that has a light detector and emits signals is called:
(a) Light pen(b) Touch screen(c) Puck(d) Pen input device
17. OCR stands for:(a) Optical Character Recognition(b) Optical Code Reader(c) Optical Code Radar(d) Optical Computer Reader
18. Which of the following is not a type of computer mouse?(a) Intellimouse(b) Cordless(c) USB(d) Footmouse
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19. Credit cards contain information the back that is read when the card is placed into a card reader, such as an ATM. How is the information on the stripe stored?
(a) Dark ink(b) Magnetically(c) Binary(d) Bar Coded
20. Game controllers are specialised input devices used for playing games. Which of the following is not classified as game controller input device?
(a) Joystick(b) Steering wheel(c) Wand(d) Game Pad
21. You would most likely find a touchpad on:(a) Laptop(b) Graphics tablet(c) Cordless mouse(d) Desktop computer
True / False
1 A graphics tablet is a flat pad, which you can write or draw on with a pressure sensitive stylus.
2 Voice recognition is a technique that converts digital signals in digital data.
3 On a standard keyboard there are four main areas.
4 When examining the characteristics of a scanner, resolution refers to the degree of detail that the scanner produces.
5 A scanner operates by giving a positive electrical charge to the surface. The photoconductive surface is then exposed to the image of a document.
6 MIDI is the computer language that is used to communicate between computers and digital musical instruments.
7 Eye tracking is a mounted camera-like device that translates eye movements and eye stares into directing the on-screen mouse.
8 An optical mouse uses the distance and the speed of the rollers inside the mouse to determine how far the mouse cursor moves on the screen.
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9 The method used by banks to read and recognize cheques and other paper-based documents is called MICR.
10 Sensors can be used as input devices in automated systems.
Match the Word to the Statement
PDA qwerty
joystick data logger
trackball wand
flatbed OMR
1_________________ is name given to the most common type of keyboard based on the layout of the keys.
2__________________ is a hand held device used for reading barcodes.
3__________________ is a small, handheld computer that accepts input written on-screen with a stylus, designed to keep phone directories and calendars and to provide calculating capabilities.
4__________________ is an alternative pointing device to a keyboard; used primarily for games and computer-aided designs.
5__________________ is a type of scanner that allows the user to put a sheet of paper or book onto the glass of the scanner.
6__________________ are remote input devices, that store data received from sensors that can then be input into a computer at another time or place in the offline systems.
7__________________ is a method of entering data into a computer by scanning pencil or pen marks, made in pre-defined positions on paper forms as responses to questions or tick list prompts.
8__________________ is an input device, similar to the mouse, that moves the mouse pointer on-screen, frequently attached to or built into the keyboard.
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Assignment 5
Input and Output devices
1. Where does the name ‘QWERTY’ Keyboard come from?
2. Why do you think the QWERTY keyboard is the most popular method of data entry?
3. Who might make use of a concept keyboard?
4. What are the benefits of using a concept keyboard?
5. Explain why a mouse often called a pointing device
6. Describe the difference between a mouse and a tracker ball?
7. Which type of input device would you choose if you were going to play a ‘shoot ‘em up’
computer game?
8. Who is likely to use a Graphics Tablet and why?
9. Explain briefly how scanners work
10. Explain why automated input devices allow more accurate input of data than manual input devices
11.a What do the initials MICR stand for?
11.b Where are you most likely to come across this type of input device?
12. Explain how OMR is used to help mark test papers
13a. Why do Credit cards have a magnetic stripe on the back?
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13b. What is used to read the information from the magnetic stripe?
13c. What are some of the problems with this method of data storage?
14 a. What device is used to capture the barcodes on products?
14 b. Explain why the price isn’t stored on the barcode.
15. Which input device would you suggest for the following situations:(6 marks)
Writing a story for homework
Drawing a cartoon
Checking your bank balance at
the bank
Storing information on your
Credit card
Changing the text from a page into digital format so you can edit it.Storing information on bank
cheques.
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Manual Input Devices
Complete the table below by inserting pictures and writing a short
description about these input devices.
KeyboardsA Keyboard is: The keyboard is the most widely used input device and is used to enter data or commands to the computer. It has a set of alphabet keys, a set of digit keys, and various function keys.The layout of the letters on a keyboard is standard across many countries and is called a QWERTY keyboard. The name comes from the first six keys on the top row of the alphabetic characters.
1 mark A concept keyboard is .... (2 marks)
Find an image of a concept keyboard describe it and complete the missing words
Pointing Devices
(1 mark)A mouse is the most common pointing device that you will come across. It enables you to control the movement and position of the on-screen cursor by moving it around on the desk. You can select objects on the screen, hold the left mouse button down and drag them to where you want them. You can also access menus by pointing to them with the curser and clicking the mouse button to select the option you want.
A tracker ball, is like an upside down mouse with the ball on top. Turning the ball with your hand moves the pointer on the screen. It has buttons like a standard mouse, but requires very little space to operate and is often used in conjunction with computer aided design. You will often find a small tracker ball built into laptop computers in place of the conventional mouse.
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Multimedia Device1 mark A digital camera is (2 marks)
1 mark A microphone allows voice or sounds to be recorded directly onto the computer.
Scanners1 mark A scanner is another way in which we can capture still
images or text to be stored and used on a computer.
The scanner moves slowly over the surface of the picture or object to be scanned and shines a light onto the paper. The colours of the reflected light are detected and digitised to build up a digital image.
There are two main types of scanner:
1. ………………………………………………….
2………………………………………………….
(2 marks)Graphics Tablets1 mark A Graphics Tablet …..(2 marks)
Touch Screens
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Find an image for each of the above peripherals
Automatic Input Devices – Direct Data Entry
Complete the table below by inserting pictures and writing a short description about these input devices.
1 mark Magnetic Ink Character Recognition….(2 marks)
1 mark Optical Character Recognition .... (2 marks)
1 mark Optical Mark Reader.... (2 marks)
1 mark Magnetic Stripe Readers …(2 marks)
.
1 mark Barcode Readers….(2 marks)
Assignment 6
Input and Output devices
Select the alternative that correctly answers the following questions.
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1 When discussing computer monitors LCD stands for:(a) Low Crystal Display(b) Liquid Crystal Display(c) Low Computer Display(d) Laser Computer Display
2 A dot matrix printer is classified as what type of printer?(a) Non-impact printer(b) Impact printer(c) Thermal printer(d) Inkjet printer
3 When printing in colour CYMK stands for:(a) Cyan Yellow Mauve Black(b) Colour Your Memory K(c) Cyan Yellow Magenta Black(d) Cyan Yellow Magenta K
4 Plotters are most suitable for:(a) Printing graphics(b) Printing text(c) Printing line drawings(d) Printing bitmaps
5 On a colour monitor each group of phosphor dots on a screen is made up of:(a) A red, blue and green dot(b) Each of the secondary colours(c) A cyan, magenta, yellow and black dot(d) A black dot and a white dot
6 Which of the following is a disadvantage of graphic plotters?(a) Speed(b) Cost(c) Accuracy(d) Printout size
7 A device that is used to print text and images over a telephone line is called:(a) Modem(b) Facsimile(c) Bubblejet(d) Scanner
True / False
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1 Refresh rate is the speed that the monitor redraws images on a screen.
2 Inkjet printers are non-impact printers that spray tiny drops of ink on the page.
3 A thermal printer uses heat to transfer an image onto a surface.
4 A laser printer works by the print head putting a small electrical charge onto a metal drum.
Match the Word to the Statement
e-books thermal wax colour printer
line printer portrait
resolution pixels
laser printer phase change colour printer
1 The number of pixels a monitor can display.
2 This is the page orientation when printed down the page.
3 Uses special ribbons to produce images on glossy paper.
4 A high speed impact printer.
5 Uses coloured wax sticks to produce plain paper prints.
6 Picture elements that are illuminated on a screen.
7 A high speed non-impact printer.
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8 Small computers that allow users to read, save, highlight and add notes.
Complete the blanks using words from the list.
You should use each word only once.
GLASS CARBON SMALLER LASER
INK-JET INSTRUCTIONS TONERS CATHODE
EXPENSIVE OUTPUT DOT-MATRIX ACCURATE
HARD CARTRIDGES RIBBON HEAT
Input devices allow us to enter raw data into a computer. The computer processes the
information and then produces outputs that we can understand using an output device.
MonitorsThese are the most common ____________________device and include desktop
monitors known as ____________________Ray Tube monitors (CRT) and Liquid Crystal
Displays (LCDs).
CRT monitors are large and have a _____________screen and look similar to your TV.
They are easy to keep clean, relatively cheap and are robust. However, they can be
noisy, they produce a lot of ____________________and they take up a lot of room.
LCD monitors are ____________________and lighter than a CRT and also use much
less power. This makes them ideal for where there is a lack of space for example on lap-
top computers. The downside is they are more ____________________than a CRT and
they can be damaged by sharp objects.
PrintersPrinters are useful for creating a ____________________copy of your work. There are
three main types of printer:
Laser printer
Ink-jet printer
Dot-matrix printer
____________________ printers work much like a photocopier: powdered ink is fused
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onto paper by heat and pressure. They produce a very high quality output, are quiet
and fast, although quite expensive to buy.
They use____________________rather than cartridges.
____________________printers are cheaper to buy, offering black and white or colour
printing with reduced levels of quality and speed. The nozzles fire a jet of liquid ink
through tiny holes, hence the name, ‘ink-jet’. The ink is stored in
____________________.
____________________ printers are not so common today. They are comparatively noisy
and low quality but are cheap to run and ideal for____________________copies. They
work by using a set of steel pins which strike an inked ____________________ onto
paper producing a sequence of dots.
PlotterA plotter can be used to produce high quality, ____________________, A3 size or bigger
drawings in colour. They are usually used to create building plans, blue-prints, Computer
Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) applications.
Other output devices
Speakers LCD projectors Output can also be in the form of ____________________ to a device such as a
robot arm.
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CRT
Monitor
1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
LCD Monitor 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
Dot Matrix Printer
1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
Ink Jet Printer 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
Laser Printer 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
Graphics Plotter 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
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Assignment 7
Memory and Storage
Complete the blanks using words from the list.
You should use each word only once.
backup tape erased readbacking media compact hard read/write cartridges serial (a) ____________________storage is used to store programs and data when they
are not being used or when a computer is switched off.
(b) Magnetic____________________, floppy disks, and
____________________disks are all types of backing
storage____________________ .
(c) Magnetic tape comes in reels or____________________. It is used to make
____________________copies of programs and data. Magnetic tapes allow
only ____________________access to data.
(d) CD-ROM stands for ____________________ disk ____________________
only memory. A CD-ROM can store approximately four hundred times more data
than an ordinary 3½ inch floppy disk. Data stored on a CD-ROM cannot be
changed or ____________________.
____________________ disks are a special type of compact disk that are
supplied blank and can have data written or ‘burned’ onto them using special
CD drives.
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Storage Device Size Description Advantages DisadvantagesHard Disk 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
Floppy Disk 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
Zip Drive 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
Magnetic tape backup
1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
CD-ROM 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
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Storage Device Size Description Advantages DisadvantagesCD-RW 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
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Storage Device Size Description Advantages DisadvantagesDVD 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
DVD-RAM 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
Blu-Ray discs 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
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Storage Device Size Description Advantages DisadvantagesHD DVD Discs 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
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Storage Device Size Description Advantages DisadvantagesFlash Memory 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
Smart Cards 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
USB Memory Stick 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 2 marks
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Assignment 8
Storage and Access Speeds
Complete the following table:
Storage device
Capacity& what can be stored
Serial / sequential / direct / random
access
Magnetic, Solid State or Optical storage
Fixed hard discs
Portable hard discs
Magnetic tapes
CDs
DVDs
CD ROMDVD ROM
CD RDVD R
CD RWDVD RW
DVD RAM
Blu-ray
Floppy discs
Zip disks
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Storage device
Capacity& what can be stored
Serial / sequential / direct / random
access
Magnetic, Solid State or Optical storage
Solid state backing storage
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Storage device
Capacity& what can be stored
Serial / sequential / direct / random
access
Magnetic, Solid State or Optical storage
Memory sticksPen drives
Flash memory cards
Explain how data is stored on magnetic media. Include in your answer a description of
the difference between data storage on a magnetic tape and on a magnetic disc.
Is a video tape an example of optical, solid state or magnetic storage?
_______________________
Describe how files would be accessed on this kind of device, giving clear examples:
Describe clearly the difference between optical and solid state storage media, giving at
least two examples of each:
Explain how data is stored on optical media. Include in your answer a clear explanation
of why blu-ray discs are able to store much more data than standard optical discs.
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Describe the structure of a solid state storage device such as a memory stick, and
explain why they have an advantage over other (optical & magnetic) media:
Flash memory is non-volatile, like ROM, but can be erased and rewritten, like RAM.
Despite this, computers do not use flash memory as RAM. Explain why not:
How much data can typically be stored on each of the following solid state media:
SD Card: ___________________SDHC Card ___________________
Explain clearly why data access is faster when data is stored on a magnetic hard disc
rather than on a magnetic tape:
The school network holds around 50GB of data, which could, in theory, be backed up
onto blu-ray discs every night. Explain why the network manager chooses to backup
onto magnetic tape instead:
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A teacher decides it might be a good idea to make backup copies of all of her teaching
resources once every month. Describe what is meant by a back up copy and where it
should be stored:
What storage media would you recommend for this teacher? State your choice, and
give a reason for your choice:
A student chooses to back his work up every week. His memory stick holds 512 MB of
data. Why does he choose to back up using his memory stick rather than using a CD-R
which would hold 700Mb of data?
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Some students have decided to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse as part of a biology experiment.
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