Assessment

• What is the difference between mass number and atomic mass?

• What is an isotope?• What are the charges of the

different parts of atoms?• How did Mendeleev organize the

periodic table?

Chapter 4 Section 3: Metals• Key concepts: What are the physical properties of

metals?• How does the reactivity of metals change across

the periodic table?• How are elements that follow uranium in the

periodic table produced?• Key terms: metal, malleable, ductile, conductivity,

reactivity, corrosion, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transition metal, particle accelerator

OMG WHAT SHOULD I KNOW SO FAR?• The different parts of atoms and their charges.• The 4 parts of Dalton’s theory• What atomic number is• The difference between mass number and atomic

number• What an isotope is• How Mendeleev originally organized the periodic

table (by atomic mass)• What periods/groups are on the periodic table

“I can’t know all that stuff already. I’ll study it the day of the test.”

• Really?

Learn to study early each chapter. • Studying a little at a time will make your life

easier.• Easier is better.• Make your life easy.

• Whoa this guy is a bit harsh

Physical Properties of metals

• Metal – a kind of element classified according to its properties

• The physical properties of metals include: Shininess (yes, srsly), malleability, ductility, and conductivity.

Physical Properties

• A malleable metal is one that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets and other shapes.

• A ductile material is one that can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire.

• Conductivity is the ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object.

Chemical properties

• Reactivity is the ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts, with other elements.

• Metals usually react by losing electrons. • Corrosion is the destruction of metal through

a reaction with the oxygen in the air.

Alkali Metals

• The metals in group 1, from lithium to francium.

• They react with other elements by losing one electron. They are very reactive and never found uncombined in nature.

• Eg sodium and potassium.

Alkali metals are reactive

Alkaline Earth metals• Group 2 of the periodic table is the alkaline

earth metals. Each is fairly hard, grayish, and a good conductor of electricity.

• They react by losing 2 electrons. • They are not as reactive as group 1, but they

are also never found uncombined in nature. • Most common are magnesium and calcium.

Transition metals

• Elements in group 3 through 12.• They include most of the familiar metals, such

as iron copper, nickle, silver, and gold. • They are mostly hard and shiny.• All of the transition metals are good

conductors of electricity.• They are much less reactive than group 1 and

2.

Silver is an example of a transition metal

Metals in mixed groups

• Only some of the elements in groups 13 through 15 are metals. They are not nearly as reactive as those on the left side of the table. These include aluminum, tin, and lead.

Lanthanides

• Two rows of elements are placed below the main part of the periodic table. The elements in the top row are called the lanthanides. They are soft, malleable, shiny metals with high conductivity. They are often mixed with more common metals to make alloys.

• Alloys are mixtures of metals with at least one other element.

Actinides

• The elements below the lanthanides.• Only Actinium, thorium, protactinium, and

uranium occur naturally on Earth. • Their nuclei are very unstable.

Synthetic elements

• Elements with atomic numbers higher than 92 are sometimes described as synthetic because they are not found naturally on Earth.

• Instead, elements that follow uranium are made when nuclear particles are forced to crash into one another.

• Particle accelerators move atomic nuclei faster and faster until they have reached very high speeds.

AAAH NOW WHAT SHOULD I KNOW????????? Ahhh!!!!!

• Know the physical and chemical properties of metals

• Know lanthanides, actinides, synthetic elements, metals in mixed groups, transition metals, alkaline earth metals, and alkali metals

• Yes, start now review them in class until the end of the periodddddddddddd.

• LEARN TO STUDY!