assessment of the historical development of visakhapatnam port

87

Chapter – IV

ASSESSMENT OF THE HISTORICAL

DEVELOPMENT OF VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

The discussions in the earlier chapter indicate that

Visakhapatnam Port is one of the biggest and busiest

Ports in India and also in South Asia. Moreover, the

multifaced developments of Port has played vital role in

the economy of the country as well as rapid growth of the

city. The main objective of the study is not only to analyze

the historical development of the Port but also to analyze

its impact on city development over the period. Keeping

the above aspects under consideration an attempt is

made in the chapter to analyse the historical development

of Visakhapatnam Port.

This chapter is divided into two sections. The

section – I dealing with the historical development of the

Visakhapatnam Port while section – II presents the

evolution of the Port activities in the various

administrative periods. The details of the study are as

follows.

88

Historical Development of Visakhapatnam Port

India has the distinction of enjoying an unbroken

tradition of maritime trade extending over 6000 years140.

Ancient Indian literature furnishes evidence and

reference to see voyages constant use of ocean as the

great highway of International commerce. From Indus

valley civilization to the advent of British rule, Indian sea

bearers had been known for the spirit of adventure and

Indian built ship for their excellence and elegance.

Textual evidence of vedic age prove that Rigvedic

peoples not only knew the sea but for mariners and had

trade relations with the outside country. Knowledge of

high tide and western and eastern ocean can be inferred

from the hymns of rigveda. Archaeological excavations

have un-earthed many ancient ports which date back to

204 B.C141.

The dawn of men into Telugu country has been

traced to 3000 years according to premitive tools and

weapons that were discovered in the deltas of Ubhaya

Godavari Krishna river. In the great temple of Madhura,

there is a representation of some old coins to point to the

development of the Indian shipping142. Among these

points, there is a remarkable reference to Andhra coins

140 Kosanbu (1981): The Culture and Civilization of Ancient India, The Historical Artline, New Delhi, p. 4 141 Ibid. p. 19 142 Ajay Misre Shabbin (1972): Coinage of Sathavahana and come from excavation. Nagapur, pp. 22 – 28.

89

on the East coast belonging to 2nd and 3rd centuries

A.D. According to Mr.Vincent Smith in early history of

India, the illustration of two masted ship of large size

testify the existence of sea born trade on the coramandal

coast in first century of Christian era. According to R.

Sewell (Imperian Gazetteer Vol. II) trade relation existed

with western Asia Greece, Rome and Egypt as well as

China and East143. In his South India Buddist antiquities.

Mr. Alexanda Reva (Archeological Survey of India,

Imperial services) gives an illustration of ship coins of

Andhra144.

Andhra's history assumed significance with the

epoch Satavahana. This dynasty ruled for 4½ centuries

established the Andhra kingdom in 3rd century B.C.

During Satavahana era, Andhra has trade relation with

west as is evident from the Archaeological excavations.

Gowthamiputra Yagna Sri Satakarni gave an impetus to

sea voyages and extensive maritime actively was

encouraged has evidenced by his ship mark coins. It is

because trade verse brisk with Western Asia, Greece.

Rome and Egypt.

143 R. Sewell (1963): Imperial Gazette, Archeological Survey of India, New Delhi, p. 19 – 24. 144 Alexandra Reva (1966): Imperial Gazette, Indian Survey, vol. XV, Archeological Survey of India, New Delhi, pp. 28 – 31.

90

C: R. Rao is stated the writings of Megastanese

mentioned the ancient ports of Andhra in India145. The

Periplus of the Erythrian Sea by an unknown Greek

author which is one of the most important source of

information on Indian Ports during first century makes a

mention of Masalia (Machilipatnam}. During the time of

Vengi Chalukya's commerce expanded and merchants

traded with Eastern countries and Island. PTOLEMY

named the regions between ubhaya Godavari and

Krishna deltas as Maisola according to him was studied

with many Ports146.

Under Kakatiya rule, maritime activity flourished.

'Abhaya sasana' an inscription at Motupalli Port in

Guntur district declared safety to ships and foreign

traders visiting Telugu country in those days. During 6th

century A. D there was a inter-oceanic trade from China

through Indonesia and East coast to Persia147.

The Archaeological excavations at Bojjanna and

Lingala Konda near Anakapalli reveals the gold coin of

Samudragupta period lead coins of Satavahana region

Bheemunipatnam, Visakhapatnam are busiest port in

Andhra coast particularly during 18th and 19th

centuries. It was the first settlement of the Dutch. A

145 C. R. Rao (1965): Ancient and Medieval history of Andhra Pradesh, 146 Ibid. pp. 30 – 31. 147 Motichandra (1977): Trade and Trade routes in Ancient India, Delhi, pp. 19–25.

91

worth of ` 83 lakhs was moved through Visakhapatnam –

Bheemunipatnam during 1932–33. The principle

commodities traded were cotton twists, jute and twine,

iron, timber, hardware, manganese ore, hiedes and skins,

gingli oil, grains, raw sugar Indian crafts myrobialans

etc148. Visakhapatnam first formed part of the kingdom"

Kalinga which extended from river Mahanadi in North to

the South with Kalingapatnam as capital. From an

inscriptions (No.187 of 1893) in Sri Bheemeswara Swamy

temple in Draksharamam in East Godavari district we

find a reference to a merchant of the Visakhapatnam of

the Saka year 990 corresponding to 1068 i.e., 11th

century149. During 12th century Visakhapatnam was of a

fortified merchantile town managed by a merchant guild

having trade relation with neighbouring countries. In

1568, when the Nawab of Golconda ruled the districts,

Dutch English and French merchants established

commercial depots on coast.

According to Mr. Carmichael, Editor of District

Manual in 1869, the name of Visakhapatnam150 is

etymologically explained as the town of Vaisakheswara A

king of Andhra dynasty on his pilgrimage to Varanasi

encamped on the present site and pleased with its scenic

beauty, has built a temple to his family deity

148 Sridharan K (1982): A maritime history of India, New Delhi, pp. 22 – 26. 149 Joshi P M and Siddiqqi (1956): History of Golukonda, pp. 4 – 8. 150 Carmicheal (1850): District Manual, Imperial Times, p. 19.

92

Vaisakheswara. Dutch traders for the first Europeans to

enter Visakhapatnam in the year 1862 and saw the

settlement of a Branch of East India Company. A factory

was started and preparing salt arrack betel leaves. By the

17th century to meet the growing demand of wool, East

India Company established factories at Machilipatnam,

Madapalem, Injaram and Visakhapatnam on the

coramandal coast151. The cotton goods manufacturing in

this area were exported to European merchants resided

at Visakhapatnam for management of factory, long

clothes, neck clothes", etc. were manufactured cheaply.

The merchants collected the clothes manufactured in the

above mentioned areas and sent to Visakhapatnam for

exports. Managanese ore is also exported from

Visakhapatnam for steel making in United Kingdom and

United States of America152. The other exports from the

Visakhapatnam port were oil, seeds, jaggery, hides and

skin, jute and indigo, while the imports from the port

were cotton twists and yarn for the use of hand loom

weavers. By the close of 19th century, it is considered

one of the important trade centres having extensive

relations with Burma153. The ships of British India Steam

Navigation Company were regularly visiting the port. The

railway link from Calcutta to Madras and branch line

151 Thomas P J (1926): Mercantilism and the East India Trade, London, p. 20 – 24. 152 Ibid. p. 29. 153 Brain Gardner (1971): The East India Company, A history, London, pp. 41–43.

93

from Raipur brought Visakhapatnam on the maritime

map of the country154.

The land formation at the entrance channel is

protected by two massive rock hills namely Dolphino’s on

the Southern side and Ross Hill on the Northern side.

The high promontory of the Dolphin hill into the sea

provided protection from cyclone which strikes the East

Coast. The Port has striking similarities with Durban port

of Africa due to this formations, Mr. E. S. Thomos

submitting the proposals for the creation of port in 1872

described it as the most natural and most easily formed

port on the East Coast of India. The daughter of General

Sir Arthur Cotton described the harbour as a natural

outlet for northern India by a direct railways to Allahabad

and observed the location as strategic point on the

Eastern Coast where in comparably the best harbour can

be made by the single break water run out from the bold

promontory of the Dolphino's155.

The British ruler as far back as 1858 felt need for

development of a Port in this natural bay and the first

detailed report "Vizag the Port of central provinces" was

published in 1877. However this proposal was

temporarily frozen due to the advent of the First World

War. It was only in 1914 that the proposal of

154 Ibid. p. 52. 155 E. S. Thomas (1872): Proposal for creation of Port of Vizagpatnam, Govt. of Imperialistic, Calcutta, pp. 9 – 12.

94

construction of harbour at Visakhapatnam was initiated

by the Bengal Nagpur Railway. During 1922, Bengal

Nagpur Railway revived the proposal of Col. Car Wright

Reid of British admiral for construction of the inner

harbour at the mouth of the river Meghadrigedda156. The

actual construction commenced in 1927 and continued

upto 1933157. Originally it was planned to construct a

sheltered harbour with 52 along side berths and

accordingly they had acquired 12 sq miles area (9600

acres). The saga of the construction harbour particularly

forming a entrance channel, sinking of 2 old ships "Janus

and Wellesdon" to form a break water instead of building

a wall in the sea. Mr. A. C. Ash and Mr. D. B. Rattern

Berry were the engineers who played prominent role in

the constructing this beautiful harbour. The Port was

constructed at a cost of ` 378 lakhs when it was opened,

it consisted of 3 berths and handled 1.3 lakh tonnes of

traffic.

The Port administration has passed through

different departments and ministries of the Government

of India till its transfer to the Port Trust February, 1964

under Major Port Trust Act, 1963. The major

administrative periods of the port are:

156 Col. Carwright (1922): Report for the construction of Vizagpatnam Port, Dept. of Bengal – Nagpur Railway, p. 8 – 10. 157 A. C. Ash and D B Ratten Benny (1933): Revised report for the construction of Vizagpatnam Port, Dept. of Bengal – Nagpur Railway, pp. 19 – 21.

95

1933 – 35 Railway Board

1935 – 37 Commerce Department

1937 – 42 Communication Department

1943 – 44 Water Transport Department

1944 – 46 Defence war Department

1946 – 56 Bengal Nagpur Railway

1956 – 64 Ministry of Transport

1956 – 68 Trust under M.P.T. Act.158

Assessment of Phases of the Developments in Ports in

Different Administrative Periods

The major developments of the port in different

periods are assessed.

Back drop of Visakhapatnam Port:

1877 Publication of the First detailed Report on

Visakhapatnam Port called “Vizag” the Port of

Central Provinces

1922 Approval of the proposal of Cot. Cart Wright

Reid for the construction of the harbour

1927 Commencement of the construction of the Port

1932 Commencement of construction of the Port

Graving Dock

(a) Railway Board: 1933 Opening of the Port for ocean going vessels and

158 Visakhapatnam Port Trust (1964): Administrative Report of Visakhapatnam Port Trust, pp. 8.

96

declaration of the Port as a major port, S S Jala

Durga, the first commercial ship entered the

Port. Commissioning of Quay Berths Q – 1, Q –

2 and Q – 3.

Bengal Nagpur Railway:

1948 Launching of ‘Jala Usha’ the first vessel

constructed by M/s Hindustan Shipyard

Limited

1951 Construction of three jetty berths J – 1, J – 2

and J – 3

1955 Construction of Quay berth Q – 4

Trust under MPT Act

1957 Construction of Oil Sharf consisting of two

berths and commissioning of Caltex Oil

Refinery, commissioning of oil berths, Or – 1

and Or – 2

1962 Extension of Port Graving Dock

1964 Constitution of Visakhapatnam Port Trust

1965 First ore train arrived at the Port.

Commissioning of ore handling plant. Ore berth

WOB – 2, iron ore berth WOB–1

1966 Commissioning of Ligterage Wharf, Night

navigation commenced Commissioning of Quay

berth Q – 5

1967 M/s. Hindustan Shipyard Graving Dock project

started, commissioning of Fertilizer Berth F B,

97

first ship berthed at Fertilizer Berth

1968 Commissioning of Quay Berth Q – 5. The first

submarine of the Indian Navy entered the port,

parallel Bridge (326.14 m) opened

Visakhapatnam Port Trust

1969 Commissioning of 150 tonne self propelled

floating crane “Bheema”

1970 The port opened for round – clock navigation.

Commissioning of bucket wheel Reclaimer,

Remodelling of North Holdin yard

1971 (i) Construction of Administrative office

building

(ii) Completion of M/s. Hindustan Shipyard

graving block

(iii) Completion of road fly over bridge

1972 Laying of foundation stone for outer harbour

1973 GHD Durga 500 M3 capacity Grab – Hopper

Dredger commissioned

1975 Completion of construction work on ore berth at

the outer harbour.

Temporary commissioning of new ore berth at

the outer harbour for oil lightening,

introduction of new system of unloading of bulk

fertilizers by means of grabs159

159 Visakhapatnam Port Trust (2000): Historical Development of Visakhapatnam Port Trust, Visakhapatnam, pp. 49 – 56.

98

By 1975, the Visakhapatnam Port obtain best

position among major ports of India. The later stages

grew rapidly and attain first rank in the shipping sector.

Evolution of Port Activities in Different Historical

Periods

Railway Board 1933 – 35160:

Port Fund: It may be observed from table – 4.2 that

the receipts and expenditures during this period said to

be negligible.

Exports: Table – 4.3 demonstrates that the total

exports has been increased from 1,15,642 to 2,53,638

tonnes during this period and registered an increasing of

119.33 % during this period.

Imports: Table – 4.3 portraits that the total

quantum of imports has also been increased from 12,300

to 34,691 tonnes and registered an increase of 182.04 %

during this period.

Commodity wise exports: Table 4.4 (A) exhibits that

there are 13 commodities such as Ground nuts, lin seed,

Myrabolans, Manganese ore, Mustard and other oil seeds,

gunny bales, jute, twine and hemp, grains and pulses,

clicake, mangoes and mango cheese, miscellaneous,

160 Visakhapatnam Port Trust : Compilation from the Administrative Report of the Visakhapatnam Port of 1933 – 35, pp. 11 – 21.

99

annoto seed, jaggery in 1933-1934; about 18

commodities such as Groundnut, Myraseed, linced,

Myrabolans, Manganese ore, Mustard and other oil seeds,

gunny bales, jute, twine and hemp, grains and pulses,

clicake, mangoes and mango cheese, miscellaneous,

annoto seed, jaggery in 1934-35;

Commodity wise Imports: Table – 4.5 (A) depicts

that there are 30 commodities such as tamarind, oil

manstores, chillies, confectionery, pipes and other

engineering materials made of metal, tiles and other

engineering and building materials not made of metal,

chemicals and chemical products, seeds, oil and other

kinds, flour, farina and starch, rice, grains, pulse and

cereals of all kinds, potatoes, garlic and vegetables,

glassware, cotton piece goods, cotton twist and other

cotton manufactures, gunny bags, hessain, jute twist and

other jute manufactures, sugar, jaggery and molasses,

cigarettes, tobacco and other smokers requisites, soap,

soapnuts and other toilet requisites, paints, colours, and

other painting materials, timber, scatlings, and other

wooden ware, motor cars, crafts, liquors and spirits,

matches, oils, resins, gum, lac, wax, rubber, metals and

metal sheets, coal, musical and scientific instruments,

machinery, hurricane lanterns, old newspaper etc., in

1933-1934; There are 30 commodities such as tamarind,

oilmanstores, chillies, confectionery, pipes and other

engineering materials made of metal tiles and other

100









soapnuts and other toilet requisites, pains, colours, and






1934-1935;

Commerce Department 1935 – 37161:

Port Fund: Table – 4.2 exhibits that the total

receipts of the Port during 1935-37 is about ` 12.41

Crores while the expenditure of the Port during this

period is about ` 14.85 Crores. Hence, the financial

status of the Port is in deficit during this period. (` 2.44

Crores).

Pilotage Fund : Table – 4.1 indicates that the total

receipts under Pilotage fund during this period is about `

161 Visakhapatnam Port Trust: Compilation from the Administrative Report of the Visakhapatnam Port of 1933 – 35, Department of Commerce.

101

0.52 crores while the expenditure incurred under the

head during this period is about 0.57 crores. The

financial status under this head is about ` 0.05 crores of

deficit reported during this period.

Exports: It may be observed from Table – 4.3 that

the total quantum of exports has been reported decline

from .4779716 to 436255 tonnes and registered declain

about -9.06% during this period.

Imports: It may be observed from Table – 4.3 that

the total quantum of imports has been increased from

3.3195 to 40475 tonnes and registered an increase of

about 25.72% during 1935-36 to 1936-37.

Commodity wise Exports; Table – 4.4 (B) exhibits

that there are 30 commodities such as tamarind,

oilmanstores, chillies, confictionery, pipes and other

engineering materials made of metal, (tiles and other









soap nuts and other toilet requisites, paint' colours, and

102






1934-1935; About 26 commodities such as ground nuts,

mouraseed, myrabolans, managanese ore, bidileavees,

mustard and other oil seeds, gunny bales, jute, twine and

hemp, grains and pulses, oil cakes, mangoes and mango

cheese, miscellaneous, niger seed, bunker coal, coartor

seed, annatto seed, jaggery, dividi, scrap Iron, palmyra

fibre, turmeric, nuk vomica, hide fleshings, tobacco,

transshipment cargo, motor cars, brooms, live stock,

cashew nuts, bones in 1937-1938;

Commodity wise Imports: Table – 4.5 (B) exhibits

that there are 31 commodities such as groundnuts,

moura seed, linreed, myrabolans, manganese ore, bidi

leaves, mustard and other oil seeds, gunny bales, jute

twine and hemp; grains and pulses, oil cakes, mangoes

and mango cheese, miscellaneous, niger seed, bunker

coal, annatoo, jaggery, divi divi, scrap iron, palmyra fibre,

turmeric, nuk vomica, hide flesings, tobacco,


cashew nuts, bones in 1935-1936; there are 31

commodities such as groundnuts, moura seed, linreed,

myrabolans, manganese ore, bidi leaves, mustard an

other oil seeds, gunny bales, jute twine and hemp; grains

103

and pulses, oil cakes, mangoes and mango cheese,

miscellaneous, niger seed, bunker coal, coartor seed,

annatto, jaggery, divi divi, scrap iron, palmyra fibre,

turmeric, nuk vomica, hide flesings, tobacco,


cashew nuts, bones In 1936-1937.

Communication Department 1937 – 42162:

Port Fund: Table – 4.2 exhibits that the receipts and

expenditures under Port and Pilotage Fund is not

reported in the annual reports of the Port during this

period.

Exports: Table – 4.3 indicates that the total exports

has been reported decline from 91509 to 41227 tonnes

and registered about 28.82% during 1937-38 to 1942-43.

Imports: Table – 4.3 indicates that the total

quantum of imports has been increased from 72670 to

98411 tonnes and registered an increase of 35.42 %

during 1937 – 38 to 1942 – 43.

Commodities wise exports: Table – 4.4 (C) exhibits

about 31 commodities such as groundnuts, mouraseed,

myrabolans, managanese ore, bidilevees, mustard and

other oil seeds, gunny bales, jute, twine and hemp, grains

and pulses, ;oil cakes, mangoes and mango cheese,

162 Visakhapatnam Port, 1937 – 42.

104

miscellaneous, niger seed, bunker coal, coartor seed,

annatto seed, jaggery, dividi, scrap Iron, palmura fibre,

turmeric, nuk vomica, hide fleshings, tobacco


cashew nuts, bones in 1937-1938. 22 commodities such

as ground nuts, nyrabolans, managanese ore,

bidileavees, mustard and other oil seeds, gunnybales,

jute, twine and hemp, grains and pulses, oil cakes,

miscellaneous, niger seed, bunker coal, annatto seed,

dividi, palmyra fibre, hide fleshings, tobacco,

transshipment cargo, motor cars, brooms, bones in 1938-

1939. 23 commodities like groundnuts, linreed,

myrabolans, manganese ore, bidi leaves, mustard and

other oil seeds, gunny bales, jute, twine and hemp, grains

and pulses, oil cakes, miscellaneous, niger seed, bunker

coal, annatto seed, dividi, palmyra fibre, hide fleshings,

tobacco, transshipment, cargo, motor cars, brooms,

bones in 1937 – 1942.

Commodity wise Imports: Table – 4.5 (C) portraits

that there are 34 commodities such as tamarind, oil

mentstores, chillies, confectionary, pipes and other

engineering materials made of metal, tiles and other

engineering and building materials made of metal,

chemicals and chemical products, seeds oil and other

kinds, flour, farina and starach, rice, grain, pulses and

cereal of all kinds, potatoes, garlic and vegetables,

glassware, cotton piece, gunny bags, jute and other jute

105

manufactures, sugar, gaggery and molaces, cigarettes,

tobacco and other smokers requisites, soap, soapnuts

and other toilet requisites, paints, colours, and other

painting materials, timber, scantiling and other wooden

ware, motor cars and cycles, salt, liquors and spirits.

matches. oil resins, gum lac, wax, rubber, metals and

metal sheets, coal~ musical and scientific instruments,

machinery, hurricane lanterns, old newspaper, electrical

goods, hides and skins, dyeing and tanning medicals,

livestock, transshipment cargo in 1937-1938; there are

34 commodities such as tamarind, olimenstores, chillies,

confectionary, pipes and other engineering materials

made of metal, tiles and other engineering and building

materials made of chemicals and chemical products,

seeds oil and other kinds, flur, farina and starach, rice,

grain, pulses and cereal of all kinds, potatoes, garlic and

vegetables, glassware, cotton piece, gunnybags, jute and

other jute manufactures, sugar, jaggery and molaces,


soapnuts and other toilet requisites, paint colours, and

other painting materials, timber, scantiling and other

wooden ware, motor cars and cycles, salt, liquors and

spirits, matches, oil, resins, gum, lac, wax, rubber,

metals and metal sheets, coal, musical and scientific

instruments, machinery, hurricane lanterns, old

newspaper, electrical goods, hides and skins, dyeing and

tanning medicals, livestock, transshipment cargo in

1937-42.

106

Water Transport Department 1943 – 1944:

The total Port operations are stopped during Second

World War period.

Defence war Department 1944 – 1946:

The Second world-war continued during this period.

Hence, the Port activities are totally absent.

Bengal Nagpur Railway 1946 – 1956:

Port Fund: Table–4.2 exhibits that the total receipts

has been increased from ` 32.71 to 65.84 crores and

registered 150.07 % increase during 1946-1956. Similarly

the expenditure of the Port has also reported increase

from ` 33.31 to 65.84 crores and registered 97.66 %

increase during this period. There was a continuous

deficit has been reported under this head during 1946-

1947 to 1950-51. After that there is a continuous surplus

is reported since 1951-52 to 1955-56.

Pilotage Fund: Table – 4.1 describes that the total

receipts had been increased from ` 0.67 crores to 1.66

crores and registered an increase of 147.76 % during

1946-47 to 1955-56. While the expenditure has also been

increased from ` 0.64 to 1.22 crores and registered an

increase of 90.62 % during this period. There was

surplus funds reported since 1946-47 to 1955-56.

Exports: Table – 4.3 indicates that the total

quantum of exports has been increase from 538675 to

107

1094648 tonnes and registered an increase of 103.21%

during 1946-47 to 1955-56.



228406 tonnes and registered an increased of 128.61%

during 1946-47 to 1955-56.

Commodity wise exports (1946 – 56): Table – 4.4 (D)

exhibits about 2 commodities like beedi leaves, bones and

bone meal, bunken cool, bunker oil, coir, coal, dry leaves,

grains, gunnies, iron and steel manufactured metal, jute

and hemp, transshipment cargo, myrabolams,

pharmaceuticals, military cargo defence, manganese ore

metal, oil cakes, oils other than petroleum, palyra

firbre,piece goods, seeds other than grains, timber,

tobacco including cigars and cigarettes in 1946 – 49.

About 39 commodities like beedi leaves, bones and

bone meal, bunken cool, bunker oil, bran, coir, coal, dry

leaves, furniture, grains, gunnies, hides and skins, iron

and steel manufactured metal, jute and hemp,

transphipment, motor vehicles, machinery and parts,

medicines oil men stores, slates and slate pencils,

tomotto juice, wild fruits, floating dock, cow tail hair,

launch, miscellaneous, myrabolams, pharmaceuticals,

military cargo defence, manganese ore metal, oil cakes,

oils other than petroleum, palyra firbre, piece goods,

108

seeds other than grains, timber, tobacco including cigars

and cigerattes in 1947-1948, about 47 commodities like

beedi leaves, bones and bone meal, bunken cool, bunker

oil, coir, coal, dry leaves, furniture, grains, gunnies, hides

and skins, iron and steel manufactured metal, jute and

hemp, transphiprnent, motor vehicles, machinery and

parts, medicines oil men stores, slates and slate pencils,

tomotto juice, wild fruits, floating dock, cow tail hair,

launch, mill boards, mowa flower, nails, oil other than

petroleum products, tamarind, twist and yarn, turmeric,

crafts, miscellaneous, myrabolams, pharmaceuticals,




and cigarettes in 1948-1949; about 47 commodities like




hemp, transhipment, motor vehicles, machinery and


tomato juice, wild fruits, floating dock, cow tail hair,

launch, mill boards, mowa flower, nails,1 oil other than







109




hemp, transshipment, motor vehicles, machinery and





z crafts, miscellaneous, myrabolams, pharmaceuticals,


oils other than petroleum, palyra fibre, piece goods, seeds

other than grains, timber, tobacco including cigars and

cigarettes in 1950-1951; about 47 commodities like beedi

leaves, bones and bone meal, bunken cool, bunker oil,

coir, coal, dry leaves, furniture, grains, gunnies, hides














110





launch, mill boards, mowa flower, nails, I oil other than


z crafts, miscellaneous, myrabolams, pharmaceuticals,




and cigarettes in 1952-1953;

47 commodities like beedi leaves, bones and bone

meal, bunken cool, bunker oil, coir, coal, dry leaves,

furniture, grains, gunnies, hides and skins, iron and steel

manufactured metal, jute and hemp, transshipment,

motor vehicles, machinery and parts, medicines oil men

stores, slates and slate pencils, tomato juice, wild fruits,

floating dock, cow tail hair, launch, mill boards, mowa

flower, nails,1 oil other than petroleum products,

,tamarind, twist and yarn, turmeric, z crafts,

miscellaneous, myrabolams, pharmaceuticals, military

cargo defence, manganese ore metal, oil cakes, oils other

than petroleum, palyra firbre, piece goods, seeds other

than grains, timber, tobacco including cigars and

cigarettes in 1953-1954.

Commodity wise imports: Table – 4.5 (D) discusses

111

that there are 16 commodities like drugs, ebroacho

extract, grains, gunnies, liquors, machinery parts, metals

other than iron and steel, miscellaneous, motor vehicles,

military cargo, oils other than petroleum and lubricating

material, petroleum, paints, soap, timber, tiles and other

building materials in 1946-1947; there are 38

commodities such as cement, camphor, chemicals other

than soda, coir, drugs, pharmaceuticals, electrical goods,

furniture, grains, hides, iron steel, iron are, jams, jute,

liquors, lubricating oil, life boats, machinery parts,

manure, metals other than iron and steel, transshipment

cargo, miscellaneous, motor vehicles, mill boards,

military cargo, nails, oils other than petroleum and

lubricating, paper including old news papers, petroleum,

palmyra fibre, paints, rubber raw and salt, seeds other

than grains, soap, soap nuts, silver, metal, tea, timber,

tiles and other building materials, tin plate, tobacco, twist

and yarn, tarpaulins, wire, wool raw, sulphur, chemicals

in 1947-1948; there are 38 commodities such as cement,

camphor, chemicals other than soda, coir, drugs,

pharmaceuticals, electrical goods, furniture, grains,

hides, iron steel, iron are, jams, jute, liquors, lubricating

oil, life boats, machinery parts, manure, metals other

than iron and steel, transshipment cargo, miscellaneous,

motor vehicles, mill boards, military cargo, nails, oils

other than petroleum and lubricating, paper including old

news papers, petroleum, palmyra fibre, paints, rubber

raw and salt, seeds other than grains, soap, soap nuts,

112

silver, metal, tea, timber, tiles and other building

materials, tin plate, tobacco, twist and yarn, tarpaulins,

wire, wool raw, sulphur, chemicals in 1948-1949; there

are 38 commodities such as cement, camphor, chemicals

other than soda, coir, drugs, pharmaceuticals, electrical

goods, furniture, grains, hides, iron steel, iron are, jams,

jute, liquors, lubricating oil, life boats, machinery parts,









in 1949-1950; there are 38 commodities such as cement,

camphor, chemicals other than soda, coir, drugs,












113



goods, furniture, grains, hides, iron steel, iron are, jams,










in 1951 – 1952; there are 38 commodities such as

cement, camphor, chemicals other than soda, coir, drugs,














goods, furniture, grains, hides, iron steel, iron ore, jams,

114










in 1953 – 1954; there are 38 commodities such as

cement, camphor, chemicals other than soda, coir, drugs,


hides, iron steel, iron ore, jams, jute, liquors, lubricating












goods, furniture, grains, hides, iron steel, iron ore, jams,




115







in 1955-1956;

Ministry of Transport 1956 – 64:

Port Funds: Table – 4.2 describes that the total

receipts of port funds has been increased from `96.54 to

216.95 crores and registered an increase of about 124.73

%. Similarly, the total expenditure has been increased

from ` 79.28 to 192.54 crores and registered an increase

of about 142.86 % during this period.

Pilotage Funds: Table – 4.1 exhibits that the total

receipts of the pilotage funds has been increased from `

1.78 to 3.09 crores and registered an increase of about

73.59 %. While the total expenditure has been increased

from ` 1.87 to 2.09 crores and registered an increase of

about 11.76 % during this period.


quantum of exports has been increased from 995682 to

1671746 tonnes and registered an increase of about


116





Commodity wise exports: Table – 4.4 (E) explains

the items of export during this period are bones & bone

meal, bunker coal, coal and coke, cotton, carpets,

mattings, myrabolans, electrical goods, groundnut and

casher nut, hemp & hemp products, hides & skins, jute

raw, machineries other than railway material, manure oil

cake, mica, wires and nails, other oils, iron ore,

manganese ore and chrome ore, petroleum products of

heavy ends, provisions & oil men stores, palmyra fibre,

niger seed, other seed, spices, sugar, tobacco, beedies,

wool manufactured and wood in the year 1956 – 57.

Bones and bone meal, bunker coal goods, coal and coke,

cotton, carpet, coil and rope, myrabolans, electrical

goods, pulses, cashew nuts, hemp, hides & skins, jute,

machineries, manure oil cake, molasses, wires and nails,

iron and steel, other oils, iron ore, manganese ore, right

distillaires, petroleum products, heavy ends, niger seed,

other seed, spices, tobacco, wool manufactured, wood in

the year 1957 – 58. Bones and bone meal, bunker coal,

coal and coke, carpet, coil and rope, myrabolans,

electrical goods, hemp, hides & skins, jute, machineries,

manure oil cake, manure chemicals, molasses, iron and

steel, other manufactures, scrap, groundnuts, other oils,

117

sugar, tobacco, and wood in 1958 – 59. Bones and bone

meal, bunker coal, coal and coke, cotton, carpet, coil and

rope, drugs and medicines, myrabolans, electrical goods,

hemp, hides & skins, jute, machineries, manure oil cake,

manure chemical, pig iron, wires and nails, iron and

steel, ore manufactures, iron ore, manganese ore and

chrome ore, petroleum products, oil stores, niger seed,

other seed, spices, tobacco and wool in the year 1959 –

60; Bunker coal, coal and coke, myrabolans, electrical

goods, pulses and grams, cashew nuts, tamarind, hemp

and hemp products, jute, machineries, manure oil cake,

molasses, mica, metals, iron ore, manganese ore,

petroleum products, provisions and oilmen stores

defence, railway material, mustard seed, niger seed and

other seed, tobacco, transshipment cargo, wines, spirits

and liquors, wool and wood, in the year 1960 – 61. Bones

and bone meal, bunker coal, myrabolans, electrical

goods, wheat, pulses and grams, hemp and hemp

products, jute, machineries, manure oil cake, molasses,

mica, iron and steel, iron ore, manganese ore and chrome

core, petroleum products, niger seed, other seed, ship

building material, tobacco, transshipment cargo, wines

and spirits and liquors, wool and wood in the year 1961–

62; Bones and bone meal, bunker coal, drugs, medicines

and pharmaceuticals, myrabolans, electrical goods, fish,

wheat, pulses and grams, hemp, jute, machineries,

manure oil cake, molasses, mica, metal other man ores,

other oils, iron ore, manganese ore, paper and paste

118

boards, petroleum products, railway material, niger seed,

other seed, spices, ship building material, tobacco,

transshipment cargo, wines and spirits and wood in the

year 1962 – 63. Bones and bone meal, bunker coal goods,

carpets, drugs and medicines and pharmaceuticals,

myrabolans, fish, hemp, jute, machineries, manure oil

cake, molasses, military stores, metals other than ores,

iron ore, manganese ore, petroleum products, railway

materials, niger seed, other seed, tobacco, transshipment

cargo, wool and wood in the year 1963 – 64.

Commodity wise imports: Table–4.5 (E) describes

that there are 21 commodities such as building materials

other than iron, steel, wood, chemicals other than

medical, coal and coke, cotton, drugs and medicines,

electrical goods and machinery, food grains, glassware,

jute and jute products, manure, chemicals, metals and

ores, paint and varnish, petroleum products, provision

and oilmen stores, rubber manufactured, railway

materials, stationery including paper, ship building

material, tobacco, wines spirits and liquors, wood and

timber, all other imports in 1956-1957; there are 30

commodities such as building materials other than iron,

steel, wood, chemicals other than medical, coal and coke,

cotton, drugs and medicines, electrical goods and

machinery, food grains, glassware, jute and jute

products, manure, chemicals, metals and ores, paint and

varnish, petroleum products, provision and oilmen

119

stores, rubber manufactured, railway materials,

stationery including paper, ship building material,

tobacco, wines spirits and liquors, wood and timber, all

other imports in 1957 – 1958; there are 29 commodities

such as building materials other than iron, steel, wood,

chemicals other than medical, coal and coke, cotton,

drugs and medicines, electrical goods and machinery,

food grains, glassware, jute and jute products, manure,

chemicals, metals and ores, paint and varnish, petroleum

products, provision and oilmen stores, rubber

manufactured, railway materials, stationery including

paper, ship building material, tobacco, wines spirits and

liquors, wood and timber, all other imports in 1958 –

1959; there are 26 commodities such as building

materials other than iron, steel, wood, chemicals other

than medical, coal and coke, cotton, drugs and

medicines, electrical goods and machinery, food grains,

glassware, jute and jute products, manure, chemicals,

metals and ores, paint and varnish, petroleum products,

provision and oilmen stores, rubber manufactured,

railway materials, there are 28 commodities such as

building materials other than iron, steel, wood, chemicals

other than medical, coal and coke, cotton, drugs and

medicines, electrical goods and machinery, food grains,

glassware, jute and jute products, manure, chemicals,

metals and ores, paint and varnish, petroleum products,

provision and oilmen stores, rubber manufactured,

railway materials, stationery including paper, ship

120

building material, tobacco, wines spirits and liquors,

wood and timber, all other imports in 1959-1960; there

are 29 commodities such as building materials other

than iron, steel, wood, chemicals other than medical, coal

and coke, cotton, drugs and medicines, electrical goods

and machinery, food grains, glassware, jute and jute



stores, rubber manufactured, railway materials, there are

24 commodities such as building materials other than

iron, steel, wood, chemicals other than medical, coal and

coke, cotton, drugs and medicines, electrical goods and







other imports in 1960-1961; there are 29 commodities

such as building materials other than iron, steel, wood,

chemicals other than medical, coal and coke, cotton,

drugs and medicines, electrical goods and machinery,

food grains, glassware, jute and jute products, manure,

chemicals, metals and ores, paint and varnish, petroleum

products, provision and oilmen stores, rubber

manufactured, railway materials, stationery including

paper, ship building material, tobacco, wines spirits and

liquors, wood and timber, all other imports in 1961-1962;

121

there are 25 commodities such as building materials

other than iron, steel, wood, chemicals other than

medical, coal and coke, cotton, drugs and medicines,

electrical goods and machinery, food grains, glassware,

jute and jute products, manure, chemicals, metals and

ores, paint and varnish, petroleum products, provision

and oilmen stores, rubber manufactured, railway

materials, stationery including paper, ship building

material, tobacco, wines spirits and liquors, wood and

timber, all other imports in 1962-1963; there are 21

commodities such as building materials other than iron,

steel, wood, chemicals other than medical, coal and coke,

cotton, drugs and medicines, electrical goods and







other imports in 1963-1964;

Port Trust 1964 – 74:

Port Funds: Table – 4.2 describes that the total

receipts of port funds has been increased from `253.15 to

575.19 crores during 1964–65 to 1967–68 and registered

an increase of about 127.21%. Similarly, the total

expenditure has been increased from ` 250.07 to 444.27

crores during 1964 – 65 to 1967 – 68 and registered an

122

increase of about 77.65 % during this period.

Pilotage funds: Table – 4.1 explains the total

receipts of the pilotage funds has been increased from `

3.33 to 5.89 crores during 1964 – 65 to 1967 – 68 and

registered an increase of about 76.88 %. While the total

expenditure has been increased from ` 2.54 to 3.38

crores during 1964 – 65 to 1967 – 68 and registered an

increase of about 33.07 % during this period.


quantum of exports has been increased from 196298 to

3017034 tonnes and reported an increase of about






Commodity wise exports: Table – 4.4 (F) depicts

about 47 commodities like beedi leaves, bones and bone

meal, bunken cool, bunker oil, coir, coal, dry leaves,

furniture, grains, gunnies, hides and skins, iron and steel

manufactured metal, jute and hemp, transphipment,

motor vehicles, machinery and parts, medicines oil men

stores, slates and slate pencils, tomato juice, wild fruits,

floating dock, cow tail hair, launch, mill boards, mowa

123

flower, nails, oil other than grass fruits and vegetables,

hemp and hemp products, hides and skins, jute raw, jute

manufactured, machineries other than railway materials,

manure oil cake, metal other than ores, oils in 1965-

1966; about 21 commodities like bones and bone meal,

bunker coal, cotton, drugs and medicines,

pharmaceutical, electricity goods, food grains and pulses,

fodder and grass fruits and vegetables, hemp and hemp

products, hides and skins, jute raw, jute manufactured,

machineries other than railway materials, manure oil

cake, metal other than ores, oils in 1966 – 1967; about

21 commodities like bones and bone meal, bunker coal,

cotton, drugs and medicines, pharmaceutical, electricity

goods, food grains and pulses, fodder and grass fruits

and vegetables, hemp and hemp products, hides and

skins, jute raw, jute manufactured, machineries other

than railway materials, manure oil cake, metal other than

ores, oils in 1967 – 1968; 21 commodities like bones and

bone meal, bunker coal, cotton, drugs and medicines,


fodder and grass fruits and vegetables, hemp and hemp

products, hides and skins, jute raw, jute manufactured,


cake, metal other than ores, oils in 1968 – 1969; about

21 commodities like bones and bone meal, bunker coal,

cotton, drugs and medicines, pharmaceutical, electricity

goods, food grains and pulses, fodder and grass fruits

and vegetables, hemp and hemp products, hides and

124

skins, jute raw, jute manufactured, machineries other

than railway materials, manure oil cake, metal other than

ores. oils in 1969 – 1970; about 21 commodities like

bones and bone meal, bunker coal, cotton, drugs and

medicines, pharmaceutical, electricity goods, food grains

and pulses, fodder and grass fruits and vegetables, hemp

and hemp products, hides and skins, jute raw, jute


manure oil cake, metal other than ores, oils in 1970 –

1971; 21 commodities like bones and bone meal, bunker

coal, cotton, drugs and medicines, pharmaceutical,

electricity goods, food grains and pulses, fodder and grass

fruits and vegetables, hemp and hemp products, hides

and skins, jute raw, jute manufactured, machineries

other than railway materials, manure oil cake, metal

other than ores, oils in 1971 – 1972; 21 commodities like

bones and bone meal, bunker coal, cotton, drugs and

medicines, pharmaceutical, electricity goods, food grains

and pulses, fodder and grass fruits and vegetables, hemp

and hemp products, hides and skins, jute raw, jute


manure oil cake, metal other than ores, oils in 1972 –

1973; about 21 commodities like bones and bone meal,

bunker coal, cotton, drugs and medicines,


fodder, fruits and vegetables, hemp and hemp products,

hides and skins, jute raw, jute manufactured,


125

cake, metal other than ores, oils in 1973 – 1974 exported

from Visakhapatnam Port to various countries in the

world.

Commodity wise imports: Table – 4.5 (F) depicts that

there are 15 commodities such as building materials

other than iron, chemicals, electrical goods and

machinery, fish wet, dry and salted including canned and

bottled, food grains, glass ware, jute and jute products,

other kinds, machineries, Iron and steel, oils, railway

materials like locomotives, other kinds etc., in 1964 –


materials other than iron, chemicals, electrical goods and











1967; there ale 15 commodities such as building


materials, fish wet, dry and salted including canned and


other kinds, machineries, iron and steel, oils, railway

126

mate4iasl like locomotives, other kinds in 1966 – 1967;

There are 15 commodities such as building materials

other than iron, chemicals, electrical goods and





1968; there are 4 commodities such as chemicals, food

grains, grass and fodder, jute and jute products in 1968 –











1974 imported from Visakhapatnam Port to various

countries in the world.

The above discussions indicates that there is a wide

transformation and shift exists increase in Pilotage and

Port funds in different historical periods. The number of

products exports and imports showing significant change

in various historical periods. The total products has been

showing increase from 13 to 18 products during Railway

127

Board period, 26 products to 29 products during

Commerce Department period, 25 to 36 products during

Bengal Nagpur Railway period, 32 products during

Ministry of Transport period while there is a decline the

number of products from 28 to 23 during Communication

Department period and from 34 to 13 products during

Port Trust period in respect of Exports. Similarly the

number of products has been increased from 23 to 30

products during Railway Board period, from 18 to 26

products during Bengal Nagpur Railway period, 29 to 30

products during Ministry of Transport period while

decline has been reported in number of products from 30

to 29 during Communication Department period. 25 to

11 products during Port Trust period and remain same

(32) products during Commerce Department period in

respect of Imports. Moreover there are changes has also

been reported in the commodity wise exports and imports

during different historical periods. Further, the dominant

share in Imports obtained by the products such as

tamarind, oilmenstores, chillies, confectionaries etc., floor

farina and starch agro, rice grains, pulse and cereals of

all kinds, cotton piece, cotton twist and other cotton

manufactures. Gunny bags and twist old news paper

particularly agro products and coal during Railway

Boards. Similarly, the dominant share of the products in

exports during commerce department are manganese ore,

oil cakes, ground nuts while manganese ore, oil cakes,

ground nuts and bunker coal in communication

128

department period and the products such as manganese

ore, bunker coal, coal mineral, myrabolans, tobacco

including cigar and cigarettes during Bengal Nagpur

Railway period. Moreover the products such as bunker

coal, myrabolans, molasses, iron ore, manganese ore,

petroleum products, railway materials and wood are

occupied major shares in the exports during Ministry of

Transport period while the products such as pig iron,

scrap, iron ore, manganese ore, chrome ore and other

ores sugar, transshipment cargo etc., occupied lion share

in the exports during Port Trust period. This trend

envisages that there is a shift from the agro products to

non-agro products over the period.

Regarding Imports, the products such as rice,

chemicals, coal, timber, old news papers, building

materials are occupied the dominant share in the imports

during Railway Board period the products such as

chemicals, rice, coal, musical instruments obtained major

shares in the imports during Commerce department and

the products such as chemicals, rice, sugar, others and

coal reported relatively higher shares in the imports

during communication department period. Similarly the

products such as Asphalt, Bitumen, barley, iron ore,

machinery and parts, manure, petroleum products

occupied lion share in the imports during Bengal Nagpur

Railway period. While the products such as ammonium

sulphate, sulphar, other sorts, coal and coke, rice, wheat,

129

jute, manure, machinery, iron and steel, petroleum

products, ship building materials reported relatively

higher shares in the imports during the ministry of

transport and ammonium sulphate, sulphur other sorts,

wheat, ship building material, raw wool occupied

maximum shares in imports during Port Trust period.

This historical trend indicates that the chemical and

petroleum products shares are rapidly increased

particularly during the ministry of transport and Port

Trust periods. It may conclude that the Visakhapatnam

Port Trust activities are rapidly increased during Ministry

of Transport and Port Trust periods and stands number

one position among major Ports.

130

TABLE – 4.1: PATTERN OF THE PILOTAGE FUND IN DIFFER ENT

ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

(in ` Crores)

Year Receipts Expenditure Surplus Deficit

I) Railway Board:

1933 – 1934

1934 – 1935

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

II) Commerce Department

1935 – 1936

1936 – 1937

0.52

---

0.57

---

---

---

0.05

---

III) Communication Department

1937 – 1938

1938 – 1939

1939 – 1940

1940 – 1941

1941 – 1942

1942 – 1943

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

IV) Water Transport

1943 – 1944

---

---

---

---

V) Defence War Department

1944 – 1945

1945 – 1946

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

VI) Bengal Nagpur Railway

1946 – 1947

1947 – 1948

1948 – 1949

1949 – 1950

1950 – 1951

1951 – 1952

1952 – 1953

1953 – 1954

1954 – 1955

1955 – 1956

0.67

0.87

1.16

1.53

1.34

1.92

1.92

1.81

1.53

1.66

0.64

0.68

0.70

0.92

0.98

1.01

0.96

0.94

1.05

1.22

0.30

0.18

0.45

0.60

0.35

0.90

0.96

0.86

0.48

0.43

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

131

VII) Ministry of Transport

1956 – 1957

1957 – 1958

1958 – 1959

1959 – 1960

1960 – 1961

1961 – 1962

1962 – 1963

1963 – 1964

1.78

2.09

2.24

2.31

2.57

5.54

5.60

3.09

1.87

1.57

1.56

3.24

1.84

2.00

2.24

2.09

---

0.51

0.67

---

0.73

0.54

0.36

0.99

0.90

---

---

0.94

---

---

---

---

VIII) Port Trust

1964 – 1965

1965 – 1966

1966 – 1967

1967 – 1698

1968 – 1969

1969 – 1970

1970 – 1971

1971 – 1972

1972 – 1973

1973 – 1974

3.33

3.18

4.64

5.89

---

---

---

---

---

---

2.54

2.47

2.79

3.38

---

---

---

---

---

---

0.78

0.70

1.84

2.50

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

Source: Computed from the Administrative Reports of Visakhapatnam Port 1933

– 1974

132

TABLE – 4.2: PATTERN OF THE PORT FUND IN DIFFERENT

ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

(in. ̀ Crores)

Year Receipts Expenditure Surplus Deficit

I) Railway Board:

1933 – 1934

1934 – 1935

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---


1935 – 1936

1936 – 1937

12.41

---

14.85

---

---

---

2.44

---


1937 – 1938

1938 – 1939

1939 – 1940

1940 – 1941

1941 – 1942

1942 – 1943

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

IV) Water Transport

1943 – 1944

---

---

---

---


1944 – 1945

1945 – 1946

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---


1946 – 1947

1947 – 1948

1948 – 1949

1949 – 1950

1950 – 1951

1951 – 1952

1952 – 1953

1953 – 1954

1954 – 1955

1955 – 1956

32.71

387.03

35.79

48.03

51.90

70.67

74.05

78.31

63.91

81.80

33.31

38.77

41.13

58.58

53.91

58.80

62.27

65.56

62.62

65.84

---

---

---

---

---

11.8

11.78

12.75

1.28

15.97

0.60

0.71

5.33

10.55

2.00

---

---

---

---

---

133


1956 – 1957

1957 – 1958

1958 – 1959

1959 – 1960

1960 – 1961

1961 – 1962

1962 – 1963

1963 – 1964

96.54

143.82

137.34

158.31

192.89

169.96

184.67

216.95

79.28

93.51

108.71

118.40

159.36

167.04

192.63

192.54

17.25

50.31

28.63

39.91.

33.52

2.92

---

24.41

---

---

---

---

---

---

7.95

---

VIII) Port Trust

1964 – 1965

1965 – 1966

1966 – 1967

1967 – 1968

1968 – 1969

1969 – 1970

1970 – 1971

1971 – 1972

1972 – 1973

1973 – 1974

253.15

342.58

506.76

575.19

---

---

---

---

---

---

250.07

309.42

392.11

444.27

---

---

---

---

---

---

3.08

33.15

114.65

130.92

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---


– 1974

134

TABLE- 4.3: PATTERN OF THE EXPORTS AND IMPORTS IN

DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF VISAKHAPATNAM

PORT

(in Tonnes)

Years Exports Imports

I) Railway Board:

1933 – 1934

1934 – 1935

115642

253638

12300

34691

369280 46991


1935 – 1936

1936 – 1937

479716

436255

32195

40475

915971 72670


1937 – 1938

1938 – 1939

1939 – 1940

1940 – 1941

1941 – 1942

1942 – 1943

691509

366953

492227

---

---

---

32669

33330

32412

---

---

---

1550689 98411

IV) Water Transport

1943 – 1944

---

---

--- ---


1944 – 1945

1945 – 1946

---

---

---

---

--- ---


1946 – 1947

1947 – 1948

1948 – 1949

1949 – 1950

538675

454994

546859

768552

99909

170447

140463

170889

135

1950 – 1951

1951 – 1952

1952 – 1953

1953 – 1954

1954 – 1955

1955 – 1956

878469

936627

1047741

1205015

795725

1094648

67334

290085

152554

185824

229510

228406

8267305 1735421


1956 – 1957

1957 – 1958

1958 – 1959

1959 – 1960

1960 – 1961

1961 – 1962

1962 – 1963

1963 – 1964

995682

1346884

1171402

1241968

1439928

1456850

1505455

1671746

50202

1164228

7354046

1224586

1385892

1396496

1717526

1849080

10829915 16142056

VIII) Port Trust

1964 – 1965

1965 – 1966

1966 – 1967

1967 – 1698

1968 – 1969

1969 – 1970

1970 – 1971

1971 – 1972

1972 – 1973

1973 – 1974

1962980

2564559

3712429

4092785

5358845

5976958

6407576

5846749

5017034

---

1909579

1893431

2227003

2413966

8050852

8311753

8733341

2791905

2372174

---

40939915 38704004


– 1974

136

TABLE – 4.4 (A): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE EXPO RTS OF


PORT

(in tones)

RAILWAY BOARD

Sl. No. Commodities 1933 – 34 1934 – 35

1 Groundnuts – Agro 25573 10880

2 Moora seed – Agro --- 32

3 Linseed – Agro 5548 10640

4 Myrabalons – Offus 3054 4479

5 Manganese Ore – Mineral 71090 204075

6 Bidi leaves – Agro --- 1207

7 Mustard and other oil seeds – Agro 2215 1685

8 Gunny bales – Agro 2215 1685

9 Jute, Twine and Hemp – Agro 1503 117

10 Grains and Pulses – Agro 1756 7227

11 Clicake – Mineral 2487 8058

12 Mangoes and Mango Cheese – Agro 51 70

13 Miscellaneous 819 939

14 Niger seed – Agro --- 1309

15 Bunkering coal – Mineral --- 320

16 Provisions --- 25

17 Annoto Seed – Agro 15 23

18 Jagery – Agro 178 68

19 Divi Divi --- ---

20 Scarp iron – Metal --- ---

21 Palmyra fiber – Agro --- ---

22 Turmeric – Agro --- ---

23 Nux Vomica – Agro --- ---

24 Hide Fleshings – Agro --- ---

25 Tobacco --- ---

26 Transshipment Cargo --- ---

27 Motor Care – Automobiles --- ---

28 Brooms – Agro --- ---

29 Livestock – Agro --- ---

Source: Computed from the Administrative Reports of Visakhapatnam Port, 1933

– 74

137

TABLE – 4.4 (B): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE EXPO RTS OF


PORT

(in tones) COMMERCE DEPARTMENT


1 Groundnuts – Agro 13454 27228

2 Moora seed – Agro --- 49

3 Linseed – Agro 5926 6563

4 Myrabalons – Offus 1672 2268

5 Manganese Ore – Mineral 426556 354480

6 Bidi leaves – Agro 1214 1062

7 Mustard and other oil seeds – Agro 1248 3553

8 Gunny bales – Agro 1018 1537

9 Jute, Twine and Hemp – Agro 1762 3701

10 Grains and Pulses – Agro 5532 5246

11 Clicake – Mineral 16614 22405

12 Mangoes and Mango Cheese – Agro 116 83


14 Niger seed – Agro 1792 4189

15 Bunkering coal – Mineral 1500 1914

16 Cartor sees – Agro --- ---

17 Annoto Seed – Agro 69 93

18 Jaggery – Agro --- 440

19 Divi Divi 36 ---

20 Scarp iron – Metal 610 275

21 Palmyra fiber – Agro 22 ---

22 Turmeric – Agro 109 129

23 Nux Vomica – Agro 3 60

24 Hide Fleshings – Agro 58 119

25 Tobacco 82 170

26 Transshipment Cargo 123 345

27 Motor Care – Automobiles 3 1

28 Brooms – Agro 12 12

29 Livestock – Agro 3 1

30 Cashew nuts – Agro --- 59

31 Bones – Agro --- 15

Source: Computed from the Administrative Reports of Visakhapatnam Port, 1933 – 74

138

TABLE – 4.4 (C): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE EXPO RTS OF DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF

VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

(in tones) COMMUNICATION DEPARTMENT

Sl. No. Commodities 1937 – 1938 1938 – 1939 1939 – 1940 1940 – 1941 1941 – 1942 1942 – 1943

1 Groundnuts – Agro 47372 41328 16675

2 Moora seed – Agro 62 --- ---

3 Linseed – Agro 10785 5887 29512

4 Myrabalons – Offus 2010 1406 1170

5 Manganese Ore – Mineral 559826 249881 383283

6 Bidi leaves – Agro 51 140 158

7 Mustard and other oil seeds – Agro 4651 4618 1980

8 Gunny bales – Agro 1515 482 1336

9 Jute, Twine and Hemp – Agro 3897 2041 3536

10 Grains and Pulses – Agro 8230 13805 6867

11 Clicake – Mineral 33607 20621 20296

12 Mangoes and Mango Cheese – Agro 107 --- 33

13 Miscellaneous 307 554 309

14 Niger seed – Agro 3064 3724 3156

139

15 Bunkering coal – Mineral 12306 19451 21208

16 Cartor sees – Agro 165 --- ---

17 Annoto Seed – Agro 131 118 145

18 Jaggery – Agro 798 --- ---

19 Divi Divi 53 38 20

20 Scarp iron – Metal 1112 --- ---

21 Palmyra fiber – Agro 102 505 438

22 Turmeric – Agro 99 --- ---

23 Nux Vomica – Agro 23 --- ---

24 Hide Fleshings – Agro --- 160 37

25 Tobacco 182 94 112

26 Transshipment Cargo 361 505 489

27 Motor Care – Automobiles 1 1 * 4 *

28 Brooms – Agro 26 59 26

29 Livestock – Agro --- --- ---

30 Cashew nuts – Agro --- --- ---

31 Bones – Agro 666 1626 1536


140

TABLE – 4.4 (D): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE EXPO RTS OF DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF

VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

(in tones)

BENGAL NAGPUR RAILWAY

Sl. No. Commodities 1946–47 1947–48 1948–49 1949–50 1950–51 1951–52 1952–53 1953–54 1954–55 1955–56

1 Bidi leaves – Agro 1320 4253 12438

¾

5260 ½ 6655 7576 20122 9547 3710 3858

2 Bones & Bone meal –

Agro

845 105 410 328 582 ¼ 1464 1633 2004 2504 2125

3 Bunker Coal – Agro 50206 29725 24116 103529 110498

¼

95716 107781 86521 61795 99939

4 Bunker Oil – Oil precuts 11561 5461 802 1516 ¾ 6075 ¼ 6164 4024 6221 1458 9398

5 Bran – Agro --- 45 --- 1098 4883 66900 --- --- --- ---

6 Carpets including matting

– Handicrafts

--- 104 105 ¾ 122 ¾ 179 ½ 16 2 3 8 4

7 Coir – Agro 36 41 45 --- 175 ½ --- 1 --- --- ---

8 Coal – Mineral 64382 39993 61594 1098 4883 66900 34697 27099 18263 12904

9 Chillies – Agro --- --- 28 ½ 36 ½ 816 1872 28839 2289 168 4406

141

10 Dry leaves 367 688 647 ½ --- 527 550 503 --- 231 1071

11 Electric goods --- --- --- 1 ½ 2 6 5 6 3 8

12 Furniture – Metal --- 8 1 ½ 73 9 --- --- --- --- ---

13 Grains

- Rice

- Wheat

- Barley – Agro

- Ragi

- Maize

- Others

4983

---

---

---

---

72

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

3457

294

3

5085

---

---

---

---

---

---

6414 ¾

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

17

---

---

---

---

104565

---

---

---

---

---

42597

---

---

10

---

---

2906

---

---

---

---

---

14 Ground nuts & Cashew

nuts – Agro

--- 2604 832 6/4 236 ½ --- --- 1292 22 36 1705

15 Gunnies – Agro 755 1543 10068

¼

13241

¼

11153 17447 11677 10733 7800 2973

16 Glassware – Agro --- 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

17 Hides and Skins – Agro --- 185 581 ¾ 450 ¼ 566 615 1479 885 538 602

18 Horns – Agro --- 35 26 ½ 10 ½ 14 --- 42 31 78 73

19 Iron & Steel manufactured 10 60 431 ¼ 1308 ¾ 946 ¼ --- 9 --- --- 79

142

– Metal

20 Jaggery – Agro --- --- 3332 ¾ 4431 ¼ 4660 1079 3223 368 252 ---

21 Jute and hump – Agro 5353 2937 20468 5147 743 28281 2245 3057 5886 2979

22 Molasses – Oil product --- --- 67 26 ¾ --- --- --- 55 --- 100

23 Misc. Transshipment cargo 683 385 --- --- 596 ½ 559 --- --- 1095 876

24 Miscellaneous --- 98 54 93 ½ 91 266 37 136 57 353

25 Motor vehicles–

Automobile

--- 2 2 --- --- 19 2 --- --- 2

26 Machinery and parts --- 129 132 ¾ 160 319 48 53 15 44 61

27 Myra bollams – machinery 2387 21809 23859 28379

¼

24038

¾

28769 20192 26375 34852 26508

28 Medicines–

Pharmaceuticals

--- 3 219 --- --- 5 7 5 1 12

29 Military cargo – Defence 84046 74895 1192 ½ 13152 2 ½ 6 1823 --- --- ---

30 Mill boards – Metal --- --- 5 51 ¼ --- --- --- --- --- ---

31 Manganese ore – Metal 264568 318124 310336

½

535135 625481 620334 678362 773713 402117 746964

32 Mowa flower – Agro --- --- 670 163 ¼ --- --- --- --- --- ---

143

33 Nails – Metal --- --- 12 ¼ 54 67 ½ --- --- --- --- ---

34 Oil cakes – Oil 6386 --- --- 51 64 --- --- --- 354 2171

35 Oil men stores – Oil --- 4 --- 4174 ¾ 6951 4479 --- --- --- ---

36 Oils other than petroleum

– Petroleum products

8807 10811 11800 203 ¾ 6951 4479 4859 776 1690 1865

37 Petroleum Fuel oil bulk –

Petroleum products

--- --- 972 ¼ 379 ½ 103 --- --- --- --- ---

38 Palmyra Fibre – Agri 3309 563 498 ½ --- 460 338 140 107 265 361

39 Paints – Others --- 37 14 2 ½ 3 ½ 1 24 3 --- 3

40 Piece goods – Agro 247 83 9 ½ --- --- --- --- --- ---

41 Paper including old news

paper – Agro

--- --- 1 ½ --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

42 Seeds other than grains

- Corrinder seed – Agro

- Castor

- Linseed

- Annotto seed

- Jambul seed

---

---

3375

138

---

---

---

9

130

1

167 ¾

174

30 ¾

203 ½

---

328 ¾

---

989

174 ¾

---

30

---

5282 ½

89 ½

---

13

---

43

190

---

4

---

---

104

---

---

---

---

484

---

---

---

---

207

---

---

---

---

116

---

144

- Nukvomica

- Tamarind seed

- Mustard

- Moura seed

- Niger

- Till seed

- Divi Divi

- Gingelly seed

- Vegetable seed

- Cumin seed

380

---

---

---

---

–--

---

---

---

---

57

---

74

---

4761

–--

35

---

1

---

---

357

2147 ¼

238 ¼

7892 ½

87 ¾

38

2602 ¼

---

10

---

702

340 ½

208 ¼

2874 ¼

---

15 ½

721

97 ¼

---

39 ¾

22 ¾

67 ¾

8 ½

2629 ½

34 ¼

20 ½

533 34/

---

–--

5

442

136

516

3937

---

36

139

---

---

---

32

92

---

12387

134

32

---

2191

---

---

---

17

---

9679

---

57

---

24

---

---

---

107

---

7292

---

19

---

35

---

---

---

17

---

5790

–--

26

---

60

---

43 Slates and slate pencils --- 44 8 ½ 81 ½ --- --- --- --- --- ---

44 Tamarind – Agro --- --- 12 ¼ --- 52 ½ --- 32 --- --- ---

45 Timber – Agri 9 4 503 ½ 6 --- --- 316 --- --- ---

46 Twist and yarn – Agro --- --- 173 ½ 4 --- --- 429 1549 2857 2584

47 Tobacco including cigars

& cigarettes – Agro

24430 16205 24656

¼

42632 53535

¼

47503 46777 33366 47161 47853

48 Turmeric – Agro --- --- 28 ¾ 12 ¾ --- 10 75 12 64 64

49 Tomato juice – Agro --- 1 3 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

145

50 Tarpaulins - Agro --- --- 278 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

51 Wild Fruits --- 2 14 ¾ --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

52 Floating dock – Others --- 9409 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

53 Cow tail hair --- 2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

54 Launch --- 200 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

55 Tug foremost 43 - others --- --- 684 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

56 ‘Z’ craft --- --- 1932 ½ --- --- --- --- --- --- ---


146

TABLE – 4.4 (E): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE EXPO RTS OF DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF

VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

(in tones)

MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT

Sl. No. Commodities 1956 – 57 1957 – 58 1958 – 59 1959 – 60 1960 – 61 1961 – 62 1962 – 63 1963 – 64

1 Ballest of all kinds live stock --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

2 Bones & Bone meal 1119 468 630 154 --- 686 1162 6046

3 Building materials other than of iron,

steel and wood

- Cement

- Bricks & Tiles

- Chalk & lime

- Others

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

4 Bunker coal – Mineral 27964 29874 39043 62759 53346 69977 60354 51608

5 Chemical (all types) --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

6 Coal and coke – Mineral 20484 11142 16915 26273 17248 --- --- ---

7 Cotton

- Raw and waster

- Twist and Yarn

- Piece goods – Agro

---

2305

---

---

575

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

1

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

147

8 Carpets, Mattings – Agro 8 6 37 3 1 1 --- 3

9 Coir and rope – Agro --- 163 196 137 --- --- --- ---

10 Coffee – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

11 Drugs and medicines Pharmaceuticals

- Non vomica

- Quinine and chinchona bank

- Other kinds

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

69

---

6

---

---

---

---

---

2

9

---

1

16

---

---

12 Dyeing and tanning substances – live

stock

- Myrabolans

- Barks

- Other kinds

23706

---

---

19386

---

---

19463

---

---

19061

---

---

20143

---

---

18931

---

---

17010

---

---

12130

---

---

13 Electrical goods – Electrician --- 21 89 217 4 9 4 ---

14 Fish, wet, dry and salted including

canned and bottled

--- --- --- --- --- --- 20 10

15 Flour – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

16 Food grains & pulses

- Food grains (Agro)

- Rice

- Wheat

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

5082

---

27737

---

---

148

- Barley

- Other kinds

- Pulses and grains – Agro

---

---

---

---

---

52

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

528

---

---

690

---

249

83

---

---

---

17 Fodder and grass – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

18 Fruits and vegetables including salted

and preserved

- Coconut and copra – Agro

- Cashew nuts

- Groundnut and casher nut

- Tamarind

- Mangoes

- Onions

- Other kinds

---

---

550

---

---

---

---

---

107

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

1185

---

77

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

19 Gums and resigns of all stores – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

20 Hardware including cutlery – Metal --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

21 Hemp & Hemp products – Agro 2106 3647 1138 955 857 64 322 1192

22 Hides & Skins – Agri 24 25 22 --- --- --- --- ---

23 Ilmenite – Mineral --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

24 Jute raw – Agro 1369 462 6448 7378 8180 7682 21188 2637

25 Jute manufacturers – Agro

149

- Gunnies

- Other products

3115

---

2318

655

1146

3133

4448

3132

7010

5565

8959

1547

5972

1014

8823

2827

26 Lac: raw manufactured – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

27 Machineries other than railway

material

219 230 1386 1221 93 161 805 21

28 Manure oil cake – Agri 3659 301 1543 9066 2830 14617 7637 8616

29 Manure chemical – Agri --- --- 8 --- 798 --- --- ---

30 Molasses – Agro --- 24864 23286 20860 19596 49664 54672 32743

31 Mica – Mineral 12 --- --- --- 100 104 103 ---

32 Military Stores – Defence --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 102

33 Metals other than ores

- Iron & steel

• Pig iron

• Wires and Nails

• Other manufactures of iron-steel

- Scrap – metal

- Other metals and metal products

---

11

2

---

---

---

7

253

---

---

---

---

1017

8

10

4076

12

193

---

41

51698

---

52160

---

5

32492

---

37741

---

---

16735

20

47

---

---

2674

1

306

---

40

34 Oils

- Vegetables oil non-essential– Agro

- Coconut

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

150

- Ground nut

- Linseed

- Mustard

- Others

- Essential oils

- Animal oils

---

---

---

1962

---

---

---

---

---

705

---

---

14

---

---

484

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

33

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

35 Ores

- Iron ore

- Manganese ore

- Chrome ore

- Kyanite ore

- Bauxite ore

- Other

130028

705625

3450

---

---

---

94165

695448

---

---

---

---

82656

373868

---

---

---

---

107919

306281

1200

---

---

---

116304

458250

---

---

---

---

131101

370269

1727

---

---

---

143193

366545

---

---

---

---

351283

397890

---

---

---

---

36 Paint and vanish --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

37 Paper and paste boards – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- 1158 ---

38 Petroleum products – Agro

- Light distillates

- Kerosene

- Dierens

- Lubs

---

---

---

---

110929

---

---

---

135495

11278

141630

---

135578

1069

202884

---

139799

4475

187967

8

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

151

- Bitumen

- Heavy ends

---

22456

---

298556

---

278813

---

306684

---

266707

---

22456

---

22456

---

22456

39 Provisions & Oil men stores – Defence --- --- 94 107 --- --- --- ---

40 Palmyra fibre – Agri 332 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

41 Railway materials – Rail --- --- --- --- 99 --- 84 12389

42 Rubber raw – Agri --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

43 Rubber manufacture – Agri --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

44 Salt --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

45 Seeds

- Castor seed

- Mustard seed

- Moaw seed

- Linseed

- Niger seed

- Rape seed

- ther seed

---

---

---

---

239

---

332

---

---

---

---

77

---

222

---

---

---

---

778

---

115

---

---

---

---

799

---

113

---

25

---

---

1119

---

440

---

---

---

---

1014

---

249

---

---

---

---

182

---

280

---

---

---

---

222

---

272

46 Ship building materials – Transport --- --- --- --- 38 4 28 ---

47 Spices – Agri

- Spices Chillies

28

46

48 Sugar – Agri 1267 ---

152

49 Tea – Agri --- ---

50 Tea Waste – Agri --- ---

51 Tobacco – Agri

- Un-manufactured

- Manufactured

- Beedies

- Cigar

36638

133

---

49953

---

---

26513

---

---

10608

---

2

17163

1065

---

13329

3735

---

11666

---

---

5603

---

---

52 Transshipment cargo --- --- --- --- 2803 53 3835 3974

53 Wines, spirits and liquors – Agri --- --- --- --- 86 15 93 ---

54 Wool, Raw – Agri --- --- --- 2 3 --- --- ---

55 Wool manufactured – Agri 343 56 --- 3 1 4 1 3

56 Wood – Agri 6143 1561 1666 9921 2112 18383 14411 12113


153

TABLE – 4.4 (F): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE EXPO RTS OF DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF

VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

(in tones)

PORT TRUST

Sl. No. Commodities 1964-65 1965-66 1966-67 1967-68 1968-69 1969-70 1970-71 1971-72 1972-73 1973-74

1 Ballast of all kinds --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

2 Bones and bone meal 1564 1490 2039 2326 1738 1441 1094 1731 --- ---

3 Building materials other

than of iron steel & wood

- Cement

- Bricks and tiles

- Chack and lime

- Others

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

13

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

4 Bunker coal 34976 16496 3725 67 --- --- --- --- --- ---

5 Bunker coal chemical and

chemical preparations

including chemical

manure and medicines –

chemical

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

154

6 Coals and coke --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

7 Cotton – Agri

- Raw and waste

- Twist and yarn

- Pice goods

- Carpets incl. matting

- Coir and rope

- Coffee

---

---

---

---

3

---

---

---

---

1545

1

---

---

---

---

34

---

---

---

---

---

2

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

8 Drugs and medicines –

pharmaceuticals

- Nux vomica

- Guanine & chinchona

bark

- Other kinds

---

---

22

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

1

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

9 Dyeing and tanning

substances – Agri

- Myra ballams

- Barks

- Other kinds

13165

---

---

16809

---

---

8312

---

---

8333

---

---

6888

---

---

11000

---

---

2646

---

---

5330

---

---

236

---

---

---

---

---

155

10 Electrical goods –

Electrical

5 2 86 103 --- --- --- --- --- ---

11 Fish, wet, dry and salted

including canned & bottle

flour – Agri

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

12 Food grains & pulses –

Agro

- Food grains

- Rice

- Wheat

- Barley

- Other kind

- Pulses and grains

19

2

---

---

---

---

3004

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

13 Fodder and grass fruits

and vegetables include

salted preserved – Agri

- Coconut and copra

- Cashew nuts

- Groundnuts

---

172

---

---

---

---

1346

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

156

- Tamarind

- Mangoes

- Onions

- Other kinds

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

15

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

14 Gums & nerins of all sorts

– Agri

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

15 Hardware including

cutlery

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

16 Hemp & hemp products –

Agri

1290 311 255 311 149 1051 242 71 2921 ---

17 Hides and skins – Agri 2 3 76 106 --- --- --- --- --- ---

18 Ilmenite – Agri --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

19 Jute raw – Agri 1930 393 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

20 Jute manufactured – Agri

- Gunnies

- Other products

1249

2810

---

5420

144

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

21 Lac, raw and

manufactured

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

157

22 Machineries other than

railway materials

81 104 26 225 --- --- --- --- --- ---

23 Manure oil cake 7604 11010 9427 12042 22271 16401 20010 5684 1487 ---

Manure chemical

- Molasses

- Mica

- Military stores–

Defence

4000

---

---

24740

133

---

40950

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

7800

---

---

28607

---

---

8418

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

24 Metals other than ores

- Pig iron

- Wires and nails

- Other manufacturers of

iron and steel

- Scrap

- Other metals and metal

product

---

---

---

3065

---

---

---

---

2749

---

133481

---

---

30422

---

229631

---

---

88852

---

312263

---

---

96915

---

248818

---

---

98685

---

190320

---

---

130493

---

87332

---

---

23578

---

204904

---

---

10666

---

---

---

---

---

---

25 Oils

- Veg. oils non ess. Agri

• Coconut

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

158

• Groundnut

• Linseed

• Mustard

• Others

- Essential oil

- Animal oils

3

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

26 Ores – Industrial

- Iron Ore 481904 1087900 1975062 248127 3396901 4399525 4935179 4701456 4701463 ---

- Manganese Ore 567424 544484 582807 561349 656032 476236 542548 480766 364734 ---

- Chrome Ore 2146 --- 14008 19910 103749 108656 95847 51200 28015 ---

- Kyanite Ore --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Bauxite Ore --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other ore --- --- --- --- 103749 196656 170456 90656 91197 ---

- Paint & Varnish --- --- 9 10 --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Paper & paste boards --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Provisions & oil men

store

95 10 13 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Palmyra Fibre --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

159

- Railway materials 3968 20682 110989 49326 69287 81654 63186 65256 4400 ---

- Rubber raw – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Rubber – manufacture --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Salt 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

27 Seeds

- Castor seed --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Mustard seed --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Moa seed --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Lin seed --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Niger seed 6 1020 576 156 --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Rape seed --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Others seed ship

building material

132 221 3000 4327 --- --- --- --- --- ---

Spices (all types)

- Sugar 32336 69114 71150 --- --- --- 11550 62753 --- ---

- Tea --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Tea waste --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

28 Tobacco Un-manufactured 5372 11004 --- 940 1881 3122 798 --- --- ---

Manufactured

160

- Beedies --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Cigar --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Cigarettes 5 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Others --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

28 Transshipment Cargo 7106 1389 --- 1018 1972 339 2463 15668 56564 ---

- Wines, spirits, liquors --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Wool raw --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Wool manufactured 2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Wood and timber incl.

manufactures there of

• Fire wood --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

• Plywood incl. tea

cheshs and shocks

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

• Others 4 --- --- 19 57228 71721 94593 134532 65913 ---

- Miscellaneous 781492 744525 824484 631969 --- --- --- --- --- ---


161

TABLE – 4.5 (A): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE IMPO RTS OF


PORT

(in tones)

RAILWAY BOARD


1 Tamarind, oil man stores, chillies,

confectionery, etc – Agro

585 1151

2 Pipes and other engineering materials made

of metal – Metal

312 15

3 Tiles and other engineering and building

materials and made of metal – Building

1139 2171

4 Chemicals and chemical products –

Chemical

723 6014

5 Seeds, oil and other kinds – Agro 96 227

6 Flour, farina and Starch – Agro 1827 2130

7 Rice, Grains, pulse and cereals of all kinds –

Agro

2339 10691

8 Potatoes, garlic and vegetables – Agro 423 186

9 Glassware 95 326

10 Cotton piece goods, cotton twist and other

cotton manufactures – Agro

133 429

11 Gunny bags, Hessian, jute twist and other

jute manufactures – Agro

41 1001

12 Sugar, jaggery and molasses 449 153

13 Cigarette, tobacco and other smokers

requisites – Agro

1 5

14 Soap, soapnuts and other toilet requisites –

Agro

137 76

15 Paints, colours and other painting materials

– Agro

18 59

16 Timber, scatlings and other woodenware –

Agro

828 1752

162

17 Motor cars – Automobile 17 30

18 Craft – Handicrafts --- 150

19 Liquors and spirits 2 81

20 Matches – Agro 174 94

21 Oils – Agro 968 555

22 Resins, gum, lac, wax, rubber, etc 12 6

23 Metals and metal sheets – Metal 257 1207


25 Coal – Coal --- 2913

26 Musical and scientific instruments 25 29

27 Machinery 1170 806

28 Hurricane lanterns – Other 94 363

29 Old newspaper 182 1374

30 Electrical goods – Electrical --- 54

31 Hides and skins -- ---

32 Dyeing and tanning materials – Others --- ---

33 Live stock – Livestock --- ---


– 74

163

TABLE – 4.5 (B): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE IMPO RTS OF


PORT

(in tones)

COMMERCE DEPARTMENT




973 812


of metal – Metal

54 121



1722 1742


Chemical

7764 10259

5 Seeds, oil and other kinds – Agro 233 154

6 Flour, farina and Starch – Agro 1972 1929


Agro

4724 5080

8 Potatoes, garlic and vegetables – Agro 478 350

9 Glassware 386 252



303 235



40 127

12 Sugar, jaggery and molasses 24 11


requisites – Agro

1 7


Agro

51 42


– Agro

85 140


Agro

1411 1540

164

17 Motor cars – Automobile 26 13

18 Salt – Agro --- ---

19 Liquors and spirits 168 101

20 Matches – Agro 46 157

21 Oils – Agro 366 416

22 Resins, gum, lac, wax, rubber, etc 11 10

23 Metals and metal sheets – Metal 1304 1255


25 Coal – Coal 6498 10085

26 Musical and scientific instruments 6498 10085

27 Machinery 344 1657

28 Hurricane lanterns – Other 373 275

29 Old newspaper 1518 1476

30 Electrical goods – Electrical 26 56

31 Hides and skins 134 5

32 Dyeing and tanning materials – Others 945 1711

33 Live stock – Livestock 2 * ---

34 Transshipment Cargo – Transport --- 143


– 74

165

TABLE – 4.5 (C): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE IMPO RTS OF


PORT

(in tones)

COMMUNICATION DEPARTMENT

Sl. No. Commodities 1937 – 38 1938 – 39 1939 – 40



647 785 917


of metal – Metal

93 673 200



2176 1206 379


Chemical

8403 8205 10728

5 Seeds, oil and other kinds – Agro 94 102 69

6 Flour, farina and Starch – Agro 2064 2052 702


Agro

3041 2138 3803

8 Potatoes, garlic and vegetables – Agro 357 218 23

9 Glassware 316 201 180



488 228 487



106 345 ---

12 Sugar, jaggery and molasses --- --- 1865


requisites – Agro

--- --- ---


Agro

151 42 134


– Agro

104 109 69


Agro

1770 1147 1378

166

17 Motor cars – Automobile 10 7 7

18 Salt – Agro 71 --- ---

19 Liquors and spirits 51 151 111

20 Matches – Agro 242 185 178

21 Oils – Agro 335 259 35

22 Resins, gum, lac, wax, rubber, etc 26 17 2

23 Metals and metal sheets – Metal 1423 587 331

24 Miscellaneous 275 970 1835

25 Coal – Coal 6120 10817 6344

26 Musical and scientific instruments 38 20 4

27 Machinery 1004 1332 194

28 Hurricane lanterns – Other 319 182 116

29 Old newspaper 1209 764 638

30 Electrical goods – Electrical 535 238 50

31 Hides and skins --- --- ---

32 Dyeing and tanning materials – Others 862 344 1573

33 Live stock – Livestock --- 4 * ---

34 Transshipment Cargo – Transport 344 6 60


– 74

167

TABLE – 4.5 (D): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE IMPO RTS OF DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF

VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

(in tones)

BENGAL NAGPUR RAILWAY

Sl. No. Commodities 1946–47 1947–48 1948–49 1949–50 1950–51 1951–52 1952–53 1953–54 1954–55 1955–56

1 Asphalt, bitumen Denmark --- --- 9 --- ½ 4 2155 1830 14640 7554

2 Brick, sand and tiles --- --- 408 ¾ ½ --- --- --- 8 --- 142

3 China Clay --- --- 12 1 --- 68 --- 20 16 182

4 Cotton – Agro --- --- 4 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

5 Cement – Agro --- 2000 --- ½ --- --- --- 5 38 1159

6 Cycles – Automobile --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

7 Camphor --- 1 ½ --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

8 Chemicals other than soda --- 4011 1 --- --- 8 --- --- 511 ---

9 Coir --- 5 22 --- --- 38 4 --- --- ---

10 Drugs – Pharmaceuticals 9 9 23 ½ 6 ¾ 1 ½ 15 2 --- 1 ---

11 Ebroacho Extract 300 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

12 Electric goods – Electrical --- 6 179 ¾ 199 ½ 316 ½ 3972 2944 1246 583 765

13 Flour 2825 --- --- --- 1499 --- --- --- --- ---

14 Furniture --- 6 51 ¾ 7 --- --- --- --- --- ---

15 Grains

168

- Rice

- Wheat

- Barley – Agro

- Maize

- Millo

- Oats

---

36338

21717

14854

3964

92

6207

63680

30467

24958

17173

---

¼

114753 ¼

11475 ¼

1500

---

---

8295

115594

3758

---

16950

---

4031

33543 ¾

---

---

---

---

1467

220640

---

---

19269

10246

379

118767

---

---

---

---

3270

74288

---

---

---

---

47064

45428

---

---

---

---

---

22774

---

---

---

---

16 Glyserine --- --- 8 ½ --- 14 ½ --- --- --- --- ---

17 Glassware – Agro --- 6 9 1 3 ½ 1 --- 10 6 1

18 Gunnies – Agro 33 --- --- 1887 759 ½ 1876 3354 96 42 243

19 Hides and Skins – Agro --- 29 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

20 Iron & Steel– Iron ore --- 54 232 ½ 175 ¾ 348 ¾ 1436 1133 9480 9552 13297

21 Jams --- 4 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

22 Jute – Agro --- 237 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

23 Liquors – Chemicals 2 2 3 2/3 13 ½ 19 ½ 14 13 8 82 119

24 Lubricating oil – Agro --- 26 4 30 ½ --- --- 52 --- 370 72

25 Life Boats – Mineral -- --- 81 158 137 ½ 258 --- --- 72 ---

26 Machinery & parts 766 557 2049 ½ 2813 1870 4011 4339 4223 4542 11041

27 Manure --- --- 3742 ½ --- --- --- 2574 --- 9998 25361

28 Metals other than iron and

steel – Transport

16 107 29 ¼ 16 ¼ 36 711 17 --- --- 4

169

29 Misc. Transshipment cargo --- 16 --- --- 1 546 --- --- 1095 288

30 Miscellaneous 224 30 367 ¼ 137 ½ 134 ¾ 1575 216 164 539 405

31 Motor Vehicles 1 10 24 4 4 4 6 6 --- 244

32 Mill Boards --- --- 12 --- --- 4 --- --- 6 5

33 Military cargo – Defence 4759 860 788 ½ 15 ½ 26 --- --- --- --- ---

34 Nails --- 1 1 --- --- --- --- 17 12 ---

35 Oils other than petroleum

& lubricating – Agro

4 10 20 ¾ --- 7 ½ 2 --- 18 13 ---

36 Oilmen stores --- --- 46 169 ½ 5 --- 1 116 302 300

37 Paper incl. old news paper --- 1 12 ½ ½ 3 --- 2 1 --- ---

38 Petroleum

Fuel oil in bulk

---

8739

---

6896

---

8868

---

12062 ¾

---

23876 ¾

---

24384

---

14796

18824

20476

23323

25970

29335

42117

39 Piece goods --- --- 1 1 ½ --- --- --- --- --- ---

40 Palmyra fibre --- 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

41 Paints 9 51 19 ½ 31 ¾ 67 ¼ 8 27 --- --- ---

42 Rubber raw and

manufactured

--- 1 5 --- --- 3 --- --- --- 1

43 Salt – agro --- --- 37 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2327

44 Seeds other than grains --- 10 61 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

45 Soap 1 35 50 ½ 13 58 ½ --- --- 11 9 ---

170

46 Soda --- --- 506 632 ¾ 102 ½ --- 272 --- 608 ---

47 Soap nuts – Agro --- 30 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

48 Spices --- --- 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

49 Silver – Metal --- 12 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

50 Tea --- 64 --- 74 --- 1555 241 --- 11 44

51 Timber – Agro 78 1844 923 697 213 ¾ 513 1228 924 518 487

52 Tiles and other building

mate4riasl – Building

200 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

53 Tin plate --- 14 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

54 Tobacco --- 11 --- --- 27 --- 1 40 5 8

55 Twist & Yarn --- --- 49 6 118 ½ --- --- --- --- 5

56 Tarpaulins --- 1 7 ½ --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

57 Wire --- 26 32 ¾ 16 46 ¼ 72 145 102 55 85

58 Wool Raw --- 8 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

59 Sulphur – Chemical --- --- ¾ --- --- --- --- --- --- ---


171

TABLE – 4.5 (E): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE IMPO RTS OF DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF

VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

(in tones)

MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT

Sl. No. Commodities 1956 – 57 1957 – 58 1958 – 59 1959 – 60 1960 – 61 1961 – 62 1962 – 63 1963 – 64

1 Animals and live stock – Live stock --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

2 Arms and ammunitions other than

military stores – Defence

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

3 Ballest of all kinds live stock --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

4 Building materials other than of iron,

steel and wood

- Bricks & Tiles

- Country clay

- Cement

- Others sports

---

---

8678

---

27959

---

23691

136

26827

6132

---

2330

8196

44

2

10

1

---

---

78

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

5 Candles paraffin wax & tallow --- --- 10 5 19 27 13 25

6 Chemicals other than medical

- Calcium carbide --- --- --- --- 21 --- --- ---

- Caurtic sodes 210 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Ammonium nitrate --- --- --- --- --- 9192 --- ---

172

- Ammonium sulphate 1162 --- --- 40406 5121 --- 9162 17931

- Sulphur --- --- --- --- 1000 1524 9113 14825

- Other sorts --- --- 93 997 44/8 9340 19401 26768

7 Carpets including matting --- --- --- --- 1 --- 8 ---

8 China Clay --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

9 Coal and coke – Coal 4843 --- --- --- --- --- --- 7577

10 Coconuts and cop – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

11 Coffee – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

12 Coir including cordage rope --- 105 --- 142 9 --- 1 ---

13 Cotton

- Raw and waste --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Twist and yarn 106 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Piece goods of cotton & silk --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

14 Cycles and parts thereof --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

15 Drugs and medicines 10 --- --- 2 --- --- 18 ---

16 Dyes --- --- --- --- 1 3 --- ---

17 Electrical goods and machinery 1319 4721 9648 25058 12628 1086 720 1867

18 Fish, wet, dry and slated --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

19 Flour

20 Fruits and vegetables --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

173

- Dates dry and wet --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Cashew nuts --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Cashew nuts kernel --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Ground nuts --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other kinds --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

21 Food grains

- Barley --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Kading --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Milo --- --- 4780 --- --- --- --- ---

- Rice 5625 --- 11629 --- --- --- --- 22376

- Semolina --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Wheat 851 193498 376977 254128 306428 199224 358476 324829

- Other food grains --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

22 Glassware 12 --- 2 5 1 --- --- ---

23 Grass and fodder --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

24 Grams and pulses --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

25 Gums and nerins --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

26 Hardware including cutlery --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

27 Haw and straw --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

28 Hemp and hemp products --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

29 Hide and skins --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

174

30 Limonite --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

31 Jute and jute products

- Raw --- --- --- --- 34 --- 1122 ---

- Gunnies 1461 2185 6869 5892 3752 2884 4993 6409

- Other kinds --- 3 20 546 1023 369 16 ---

32 Manure oil cakes – Agro --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

33 Manure, chemicals – Chemicals 44343 26557 --- --- --- 20096 32201 36583

34 Machineries

- Boilers --- --- --- --- 152 14 2301 2718

- Other kinds 41695 24658 45068 12433 18032 32049 14420 38408

35 Meals and ores

- Iron and steel --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Pig iron 1032 472 --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Manufactured iron and steel 36409 105629 21703 8993 9595 3261 7403 20526

- Wires and nails --- --- --- --- 62 --- 11 4

- Other metals and metal products 4 --- 282 189 58 7 207 167

36 Military stores (Air, Army and Navy) --- --- 84 78 39 --- 7573 124

37 Oils

- Vegetable oils non-essential --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3

- Essential oils --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Animal oils --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

175

38 Paint and Varnish --- --- 6 --- 46 13 --- 1

39 Petroleum products

- Light distillers 22006 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Kerosene 51509 27188 5800 20922 8368 3634 43942 45375

- Dicrens --- 5500 3750 --- 19891 15139 10695 29579

- Lubs 338 3 401 --- 103 1098 1007 4315

- Bitumen 2657 10908 --- 5350 6267 5695 13194 11336

- Heavy ends 105412 676640 806972 817086 977302 1029222 1141978 1152537

40 Provisions and oilmen stores 256 26 4 2 --- --- --- ---

41 Rubber raw --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

42 Rubber manufactured 4 --- 26 41 42 1 1 21

43 Railway materials

- Locomotives --- --- 1531 342 --- 2 --- ---

- Other kinds 59897 6643 401 2289 4201 6317 1786 1074

44 Salt --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

45 Seeds other than coconut, coper

- Caster seed --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Linseed --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Rape seed --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other seed --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

46 Soaps --- --- --- --- 70 --- --- ---

176

47 Spices (all types) – others --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

48 Starch, Bentine and Ferine --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

49 Stationery including paper

- Paper and paper boards --- 8 36 80 1 --- 53 ---

- Old newspaper 131 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other kinds --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 8

50 Sugar --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

51 Ship building material --- --- 578 2449 2614 12663 7055 8416

52 Tea --- --- --- --- 265 160 --- ---

53 Taming substance – Mineral

- Myrobolan --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Wattle bark --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other sorts --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

54 Tin plate --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

55 Tobacco

- Un manufactured --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Manufactured 8 --- 17 2 3 1 75 17

56 Transshipment cargo --- --- --- --- 2803 64 3862 4674

57 Wool, raw --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

58 Wool, manufactured --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

177

59 Wine, spirits and liquors 166 40 38 22 18 9 16 24

60 Wood and timber

- Bamboos --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Firewood --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Plywood including teachers --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other sort 1722 1329 522 102 759 --- 602 1509

61 All other imports 2175 6089 269 2070 678 8549 25781 69803


178

TABLE – 4.5 (F): PATTERN OF THE COMMODITY WISE IMPO RTS OF DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIVE PERIODS OF

VISAKHAPATNAM PORT

(in tones)

PORT TRUST

Sl. No. Commodities 1964-65 1965-66 1966-67 1967-68 1968-69 1969-70 1970-71 1971-72 1972-73 1973-74

1 Animal & Live stock --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

2 Arms & ammunitions

other than military stores

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

3 Baliast of all kinds --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

4 Building materials other

than of iron, steel or wood

- Bricks and tiles --- 1778 12 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Country clay --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Cement --- 452 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other sorts --- 2975 2027 46 --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Candles, paraffin wax

and tallow

1 --- 622 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

5 Chemicals other than

medicals

179

- Calcium --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Caustic soda --- 122 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Ammonium nitrate --- --- 19275 16932 12121 30653 32930 41346 39038 ---

- Ammonium Sulphate 9419 14094 24846 51958 53947 74491 10972 36000 20933 ---

- Sulphur 12080 14206 18889 62456 36289 83144 126402 165607 94522 ---

- Other sorts 27828 52982 79080 130478 192764 136346 160063 185199 208553 ---

- Carpet including

matting

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

6 China Clay

- Coal and coke

- Coconuts and copra

- Coffee

- Coir including cordage

- Rope

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

7 Cotton

- Raw & waste --- --- 72 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Twist and yarn --- 398 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Piece goods of cotton

& silk

--- 10 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

180

- Cycles and part

thereof

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

8 Drugs and medicines --- 103 260 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

9 Electrical goods and

machinery

7035 5551 2389 1423 --- --- --- --- --- ---

10 Dyes --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

11 Fish – wet, dry and salted

including canned and

bottled

248 103 169 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

12 Flour --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

13 Fruits & vegetables

- Dates, dry and wet

- Cashew nuts

- Cashew nut

- Groundnuts

- Other kinds

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

1

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

14 Food grains

- Barlers --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Koilong --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

181

- Milo --- 1323 48486 85275 --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Rice 200 10666 7675 17768 --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Somalira --- --- --- --- --- --- 4562 47854 --- ---

- Wheat 361857 338555 319345 312314 380102 229282 212343 194086 87656 ---

- Other good grains --- --- 4790 --- --- --- 5713 4602 4830 ---

15 Glassware 6 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

16 Gras and fodder --- --- --- 3 --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Grams and pulses --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Gums and nerins --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Hardware and cutlery --- --- --- --- 3842 1184 6 22 7 ---

- Hay and straw --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Hemp and hemp

products

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Hemp & skins --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Limonite --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

17 Jute and jute products

- Raw --- 2641 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Gunnies 9654 421 6335 2213 --- --- --- --- --- ---

18 Other kinds

182

- Manure oil cakes --- 233 --- 6 --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Manure chemicals

other than Ammonium

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Nitrate and ammonium

sulphate

38583 61363 130358 173789 --- --- --- --- --- ---

19 Machineries

- Boilers 1017 71 --- 1 --- --- --- --- 1 ---

- Other kinds 40503 19809 25314 14885 --- --- --- --- --- ---

20 Iron and steel

- Pig iron --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Manufacturing of iron

and steel

36337 10143 520 1780 --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Wires and nails 74 224 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other metals 16 244 161 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Military stores --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

21 Oils

- Non essential

• Coconut --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

• Ground nut --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

183

• Linseed 14 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

• Other *** --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Essential Oils

• Synthetic --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

• Natural --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Animal oils

• Paints and vanish --- 50 4 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

• Provisions and

oilmen stores

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

• Other than fruits --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

• Rubber raw --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

• Rubber

manufactured

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

22 Railway materials

- Locomotives 1399 509 259 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other kinds 243 1 13 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Salt --- --- 450 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Seeds other than

184

coconuts & copra

• Castor seed

• Linseed

• Rape seed

• Other seed soaps

• Spices

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

23 Stationery

- Paper and paste board --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Old news paper --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other kinds --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Sugar --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Ship building material 7985 15096 5680 5727 3780 1681 14534 18169 19101 ---

24 Tea – Tanning substance

- Myrabollamy --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Wattle bark --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other sorts --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Tin plate --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

25 Tobacco

185

- Un manufactured --- --- --- --- --- 23 --- --- --- ---

- Manufactured --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Transshipment cargo 8 13 19 10 10 6173 25.07 ½ 9 7 ---

- Wool raw 8 7 --- --- --- --- --- 19.807 56500 ---

- Wool manufactured --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Wines, spirits and

liquors

23 29 51 19 10 --- --- --- --- ---

26 Wool and timber

- Bamboos --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Firewood --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Plywood including

teachers and shocks

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Other sorts --- 385 63 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

- Miscellaneous 1312945 1355264 1538948 1509897 --- --- --- --- --- ---


assessment of the historical development of visakhapatnam port

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