Assessment of Placer Mining area extension and

Impacts using A Multi-Temporal (Historical)

Satellite Images

Beach Placer Mine Location between Kanyakumari and Thiruchendur

Location 1: Eastern Part of Vattakottai Coast

Fig. 1 Placer mining in the coast in 25.03.2006

Fig. 2 Placer mining area extended in both side of river mouth in 14.06.2006

Fig. 3 Vegetation removed due to Placer mining area extension in 23.07.2010

Fig. 4 Deep depth of mining and Area extension in the coast in 01.08.2011

Location 2 : Southern Part of Anjugramam Coast

Fig 1. Placer mining condition in 14.06.2006

Fig. 2 Deep depth of Placer mining and Area extended in 25.03.2010

Fig. 3 Vegetation removed in western side due to mining in 23.07.2010

Fig. 4 Entire vegetation removed and upmornal mining area extended in 01.08.2011

Fig 5. Deep depth of mining in the river bank by removed large area of vegetation in 24.05.2012

Location 3: Western Part of Kanahappapuram Coast

Fig .1 Placer mining condtion along the Coast in 14.06.2006

Fig .2 Deep depth of mining and Vegetation removed for Mining area extension in 25.03.2010

Fig .3 Removal of Large area Vegetation for Mining area extension in 01.08.2011

Fig .4 Deep depth of mining and Area extended after 2011 (Image acquisition date: 24.05.2012)

Location 4: Eastern side of Kanahappapuram Coast

Fig .1 Mining Industry, Placer Mining along the Coast (image 14.06.2006)

Fig. 2 Deep depth of Placer mining along the Coast (image 25.03.2010)

Fig. 3 Completely removed sand deposits along the coast (image 23.07.2010)

Fig.4 Deeo depth of mining along the coast (image 24.05.2011)

Fig.5 Vegetation removed and mining area extended (image 24.05.2012)

Location 5: Kootapuli Coastal Zone

Fig.1 Placer mining site along the open vegetative cover (image 14.06.2006)

Fig.2 Enrire vegetation removed and upnormal mining area extended (image 25.03.2010)

Fig.3 Mining area further extended and deep depth of mining in the coast (image 23.07.2010)

Fig.4 Deep depth of mining in various places of the coast (image 24.05.2011)

Fig.5 Vegetation removed and Mining area extended (image 24.05.2012)

Location 6: Perumanal Coastal Zone

Fig.1 Older sand dune covers open vegetation in the coast – no mining activities (image 20.07.2003)

Fig.2 Older sand dune covers open vegetation in the coast – no mining activities (image 14.06.2010)

Fig.3 Vegetation removed and Mining started in two different places (image 25.03.2010)

Fig.4 Vegetation removed from large area and Mining area extended (image 24.05.2011)

Fig.5 Entire vegetative cover removed and Deep dep of mining in the coast (image 06.02.2014)

Location 7: Eastern part of Perumanal Coast

Fig.1 Older sand dune covers open scrub vegetation in large areal extent (image 20.07.2003)

Fig. 2 Older sand dune covers open scrub vegetation (imege 14.06.2006)

Fig. 3 Vegetation removed and Mining started in different places of this coast (image 25.03.2010)

Fig. 3 Vegetation removed from many places and Mining area extended (image 23.07.2010)

Fig. 4 Deep depth of mining in inland and upnormal mining of Coastal sand dunes (image 24.05.2011)

Fig. 5 Mining area extended upnormally and Deep depth of mining (image 06.02.2014)

Location 8: Eastern part of Idindhakarai Coast (Near Vijayapathi Village)

Fig. 1 Older sand dune deposit in the river bank (Elevartion upto 49 ft from MSL) (image 20.07.2003)

Fig. 2 Older sand dune deposit in the river bank- no mining activities (image 05.05.2011)

Fig. 3 Older Sand dune completely mined and vegetation removed in 2013 (image 17.12.2013)

Fig.4. Deep depth of Sand dune mining near river bank (image 06.02.2014)

Location 9: Avudaiyalpuram Coastal Zone

Fig.1 Older sand dunes covers with open vegetation - No mining activities (image 20.07.2003)

Fig.2 Unregulated Placer and Sand dune mining (image 05.05.2011)

Fig.3 Entire coastal sand deposts removed due to deep depth of mining (image 06.02.2014)

Location 10: Navaladi Coastal Zone

Fig.1 Placer mining area (No vegetation removed) along the coast in 2004 (image 19.09.2004)

Fig.2 Vegetation removed and Unregulated mining area extended in 2010 (image 23.07.2010)

Fig.3 Entire sand removed from the beach and Vegetation removed due to mining (image 05.05.2011)

Fig.4 Deep depth of mining in the beach and Mining area extended (image 21.07.2011)

Fig. 5 Vegettion removed in west parts and Deep depth of mining in the beach (image 16.11.2011)

Fig. 6 Mining area extended and Deep depth of mining in different parts (image 06.02.2014)

Location 11: Western Part of Ovari (Uvari) Coast

Fig.1 Placer mining condition along the coast in 2004 (image 19.09.2004)

Fig.2 Unregulated Placer mining and Inland mining and vegeration removed (image 23.07.2010)

Fig.3 Deep depth of Mining in the coast and Mining area extended in the Inland (image 05.05.2011)

Fig.4 Deep depth of Mining and Mining area extended (image 21.07.2011)

Fig.5 Entire sand deposit removed from the beach and Mining area extended (image 16.11.2014)

Fig.6 Mining area extended upnormal level and Deep depth of mining in the coast (image 06.02.2014)

Location 12: Eastern Part of Kuttam Coast

Fig.1 Placer mining condition in 2009 (image 28.11.2009)

Fig.2 Deep depth of Mining and Mining area extendedand Vegetation removed (image 23.07.2010)

Fig.3 Mining area extended and Vegetation removed in large level (image 21.07.2011)

Fig.4 Mining area extended and Unregukated mining (image 04.02.2014)

Location 13: Eastern Part of Periyathalai Coast

Fig.1 Older Sand dune mining condition (image 28.11.2009)

Fig. 2 Mining area extended and Vegetation removed (image 28.11.2009)

Fig. 3 Mining area extended in many sites and Vegetation removed upnormal level (image 23.12.2013)

Fig. 3 Mining area extended in various sites in 2014 (image 04.02.2014)