assessment of different road markings performance under …€¦ · n10 sec 1 supplier a tp 20% 0.4...

SaferRoads 5th International Conference

Auckland 21-24 May 2017

Assessment of different road markings

performance under different operating

conditions and surfacing types

Assessment of different road markings

performance under different operating

conditions and surfacing types

Overview of the presentation

1. Introduction and Background

2. Mobile Reflectometer

3. Identification of route sections

4. Variables tested

5. Results and observations

6. Recommendations

Introduction and background

• Different standards for minimum acceptable retro reflectivity

threshold

• Lack of consistency in retro reflectivity degradation models

• Variability in predicted life spans of different markings

• Need to know the expected initial retro reflectivity value for

all paint types

• Compare performance vs non performance based contracts

• Need to understand performance of the different types of

line markings on different surfacing and conditions

• Need to understand what factors contribute significantly to

performance of the different line markings under different

operating conditions

Mobile reflectometer

• Delta LTL-M machine used

• Past research show uncertainty of 7-15% error

• Measurements done every 50cm

• Calibration done with handheld reflectometer

Mobile reflectometer

• “RL left or RL Right” show the retro reflection of the full with

of a marking, i.e. provide the retro reflection as the driver

will see it.

• “RL Centre left or RL Centre right” gives the retro reflection

of the centre 5 cm of a marking

Note: From the results of the two set of measurement data, if the the marking measured has been a worn one, we typically see the RLCentre left/right constantly significantly higher compared to the RLleft/right.

.

Variables for the research

• Type of paint (including supplier)

• Line marking age

• Quantity of glass beads

• Quality of glass beads

• Traffic

• Surface type

• Geographical location

• Marking thickness/paint application

• Cross section ie Surfaced/no shoulder/dual carriageway

The Road Network and research sections

Results and observations

Continuous yellow edge lines and centre line tested

Minimum of 25 km and maximum of 100km length of

section tested

Period RL specified

white lines

RL specified

yellow lines

1-2 months 250 160

12 months 150 100

24 months 120 80


Varying thermoplastic paint under same

environment and traffic (RS3) Dual carriageway

Traffic < 3000 ADT

Surface type: Asphalt

Coastal section

Age of markings: 16 months

N2-10 km 73 to km 80 SUPPLIER A TP20-RETRO @ 1,2mm sprayed

(0,34 kg/m² glass beads)

N2-11 km 0 to km 8 SUPPLIER A TP30-RETRO @ 1,2mm sprayed (0,34 kg/m² glass

beads)

Varying Thermoplastic quantity

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

70.00 72.00 74.00 76.00 78.00 80.00 82.00 84.00 86.00 88.00 90.00

SUPPLIER A TP 30 N2/11 WEST Bound

SUPPLIER A TP 20 N2/11 EAST Bound

Road section N2 section 10 and 11

RL

(mcd/m

2/l

ux)

16 months min RL= 100


Varying thermoplastic paint under same

environment and traffic (RS4) Dual carriageway

Traffic < 3000ADT

Surface type: Seal

Coastal section

Age of markings: 16 months

SUPPLIER A TP20-RETRO @ 1,2mm sprayed (0,34 kg/m² glass beads)



0

50

100

150

200

250

- 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

SupplierA TP 1.6mm paint application

SupplierA TP 1.2mm paint application

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

Road Section N2 Section 11


Influence of surface type

0

50

100

150

200

250

- 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

SupplierA TP 1.6mm paint application WB

SupplierA TP 1.2mm paint application EB

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

Road Section N2 Section 11 (Seal)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00

SUPPLIER A TP 30 N2/11 WEST Bound

SUPPLIER A TP 20 N2/11 EAST Bound

Road section N2 section 10 and 11(Asphalt)

RL

(mcd/m

2/l

ux)


Influence of Glass beads quantity

( RS7) Age of markings: 17 months

<1000ADT

Surface : Seal

SUPPLIER A TP20-RETRO @ 1,2mm sprayed (0,34 kg/m² glass

beads)

SUPPLIER A TP20-RETRO @ 1,2mm sprayed (0,4 kg/m² glass

beads)


0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

- 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00

Road Section N9 sec 3 and 4

SUPPLIER A TP 0.34 Glass beads(North)

SUPPLIER A TP 0.4 glass beads(North)

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)



Varying glass beads application rates (RS15)

under same environment and different surface

type Surface type: Asphalt and Seal

Traffic >1000ADT

Age of lines 15 Months

Supplier A TP20-HI-RETRO @ 1,2mm sprayed (0,4 kg/m² glass beads)

Supplier A TP20-HI-RETRO @ 1,2mm sprayed (0,34 kg/m² glass beads)


0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00

N10 sec 1

SUPPLIER A TP 20% 0.4 glass bead appli

SUPPLIER A TP 20% 0.34 glass bead appl

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

asphalt Seal



Influence of traffic, surface and

environmental conditions (RS3 and

RS7)

RS3 RS7

Traffic <3000ADT <1000 ADT

Age of lines 16 months 17 months

Surface type Asphalt Seal

Geometry Dual

Carriageway

Single

Carriageway

Supplier A Thermo 20% 1.2mm application and 0.34kg/m2 glass beads

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

- 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

Road Section N9 sec 3 and 4

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

0

50

100

150

200

250

70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00

Road section N2 section 10 and 11 (asphalt) R

L(m

cd/m

2/l

ux)

Influence of Traffic on the lines

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

- 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

Road Section N2 Section 11 (seal section)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

- 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

Road section N9 sect 3 and 4

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

16 and 17 months min RL= 100

Influence of traffic on dual and

single carriageway

Single carriageway

centre line

Dual carriageway

dividing line

Results and observations Varying paint type, supplier and application

rates (RS6) under same environment and

surface type Surface type: seal

Traffic <1000ADT

No surfaced shoulder

Age of lines 5 months

Supplier A WBP-RETRO @ 0,63 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)

Supplier A ASP-RETRO @ 0,42 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)

Supplier C WB @ 0,63 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

- 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00

Supplier C water based 0.63 application

SUPPLIER A Acrylic solvent based 0.42 application

Supplier A water based 0.63 application

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

R75 sec 2

5 months 160 RL


Varying paint type, supplier and application


surface type Surface type: seal

Traffic <1000ADT

No shoulder

Age of lines 18 months thermo and 9 months solvent

R63/7 km 40 to km 90

SUPPLIER A ASP-RETRO @ 0,5 l/m² (0,96 kg/m² glass beads)

SUPPLIER C ASP @ 0,5 l/m² (0,96 kg/m² glass beads)



0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00

Road Section R63 sec 7

SUPPLIER C Solvent paint High Retro

SUPPLIER A Solvent High Retro

SUPPLIER A TP 30% THERMOPLASTIC

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

9 months 100 RL18 months 100 RL

Performance based vs specified type

contract

Comparing contract type, and application rates

(RS12) under same environment and surface

type Surface type: Seal

Traffic <1000ADT

Age of lines 18 months performance and 12 months Water based

SUPPLIER B WBP @ 0,42 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads (high quality))


0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

84.00 86.00 88.00 90.00 92.00 94.00 96.00 98.00 100.00 102.00 104.00 106.00

Road N9 sec 6

SUPPLIER B Water Based Paint Perfomance Based paint

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

18 and 12 months min 100 RL


Comparing contract type, line marking type

including glass beads, with application rates



Traffic >1000ADT

Age of lines 15 months performance and 6 months solvent based

SUPPLIER A ASP-RETRO @ 0,42 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)

SUPPLIER A ASP-HI-RETRO @ 0,42 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)


0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

- 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00

Perfomance based Solvet Hi retro Solvent

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)

18 months min 100 RLR67 sec 36 months min 160 RL


Comparing contract type, varying application


surface type Surface type: Seal

Traffic <1000ADT

Age of lines 6 Months Performance based and 8 months water based

SUPPLIER A WBP-RETRO @ 0,53 l/m² (0,96 kg/m² glass beads)

SUPPLIER A WBP-RETRO @ 0,63 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)


0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00

Road section R56 sec 3

SUPLIER A WATER BASED(0.53lm2/0.96kg/m2)

SUPPLIER A WATER BASED(0.63l/m2/0.8kg/m2)

Perrfomance Based

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)



Comparing contract type and varying line

marking supplier(RS22) under same

environment and surface type Surface type: Seal

Traffic <1000ADT

Age of lines 7 months performance and solvent based

SUPPLIER C ASP @ 0,42 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)

SUPPLIER B ASP @ 0,42 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)


Solvent Based (C) Solvent based (B) Performance based

R58 sec 46 months min RL= 160


Varying line marking types from same supplier

including glass beads, with application rates



Traffic >1000ADT

Age of lines :6 months solvent and water based

SUPPLIER B ASP-RETRO @ 0,42 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)

SUPPLIER B WBP @ 0,42 l/m² (0,8 kg/m² glass beads)


0

50

100

150

200

250

- 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

R61 sec 3

SUPPLIER B Solvent Based

SUPPLIER B Water Based

RL(m

cd/m

2/lux)


Photos

Conclusions

Benefits of increasing quality and quantity of glass beads observed in all paint types

Traffic and age of line influences retro reflectivity values

Paint thickness and glass bead quantity influence the initial values of the lines

Not much difference is observed in varying the paint and glass beads on

thermoplastic in the initial months over same environment and surface type.

Reflectivity values decrease more on seal surface than on asphalt surface

Not much differences from the paint suppliers on the performance of both water

based and solvent based paint type.

Premiums paid over performance based contract need to be further looked at

especially in terms of long term performance and the minimum initial threshold for

reflectivity value

Recommendations Correlate texture measurements of different surfacing with

the retro reflective measurements

Investigate influence of line marking placement direction on

the retro reflectivity

Investigate the influence of environmental effect on pavement

markings (time markings was painted and its performance

period)

Investigate the balance of increasing the glass beads and paint

application rate for the 3 type of paints.

Investigate retro reflectivity of different markings in wet

conditions

Investigate the influence of existing line marking type and

condition on the adhesion of the new line marking and

influence on the initial retro reflectivity

Investigate the influence of type of surface, age of surface,

environment and traffic on what performs better between

solvent and water based paint for low traffic roads.

More research on glass bead technology and their application

Line markings degradation curves

Special Thanks

SANRAL who funded the project

Regional Manager Mr S.M Peterson

SMEC SA (Port Elizabeth) Consulting Engineers on the project.

Contractor Lanino Line Markings

Technicians Sinanzo, Menzi and Onthathile

For more information :

[email protected]

Thank you

mailto:[email protected]

assessment of different road markings performance under …€¦ · n10 sec 1 supplier a tp 20% 0.4...

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