assessment and evaluation essentials of elementary social studies by turner, russell, waters...
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Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Chapter 5
Assessment and Evaluation
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Looking AheadWhat role does assessment play in the
elementary social studies curriculum?What tools are necessary and/or
available to elementary teacher for assessing students?
What is authentic assessment and why is it consistent with the problems approach?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Can You –Explain why grades and test scores are so
emphasized in schools?Explain how teachers go about
determining grades?Explain authentic assessment?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Do You –Know why evaluation is always
comparative?Know how evaluation should be different
in the problems approach?Know the strengths and weaknesses of
objective and subjective tests?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Focus Activity What was your favorite social studies
assignment/project when you where an elementary student? Why?
Discuss the details of the assignment/project and compare with classmates.
Does your favorite social studies assignment/project share common attributes with others? If so, what attributes?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
The Role of Assessment in Social StudiesWhat is assessment?How are grades related to assessment?What are the different ways of
assessing?Normative performanceCriterion-based
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Principles of AssessmentWhy has the job of assessment become much more
complex in the 21st Century?What are six major goals of assessment?
Aim of assessment is to improve learningAssessment must be on-going and utilize a variety of toolsAll assessment is imperfect and flawedStudent needs to develop ownership of the goals of
assessmentAll assessment needs to be related to the goals of the
curriculumClassroom evaluation should be based on what you intend to
teach, what you actually teach, and what you intend for students to learn from that teaching.
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Guidelines for AssessmentWhat are three problems elementary
teachers face when assessing students?Placing a numerical value to the assessmentsWeighing the various assessmentsEvaluating assessments in such a way as to
yield definitive and objective grades
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Guidelines for AssessmentWhat are the ten broad principles for
assessment?1. Base assessments on teaching objectives2. Assess what we teach, not what we should teach3. Focus assessment on what is important rather
than on what is easy to measure4. Ongoing assessment is preferable to endpoint5. Assessment of teaching should be based on what
students learn rather than on what they already know and can do
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Guidelines for Assessment1. Provide a clear understanding of the purposes
and reasons for the assessment2. Assessment should be fair and honest, not tricky3. Assessment procedures should be built around
the notion of finding ways of improving instruction
4. Effective assessment gets the student involved in self-evaluation, taking responsibility for his or her own learning
5. A teacher should always remember that assessment is, at its very best, a subjective and risky affair
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Authentic Assessment and PortfoliosWhat does the term “authentic”
describe?What is the role of the student in this
type of assessment?What are some hurdles with this type
of assessment?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Assessment through TestsWhat are the pros and cons to utilizing
tests that utilize “objective measures”?What are the similarities and
differences between tests that utilize “objective measures” and “subjective measures”?
What considerations should a teacher have when deciding to use a test?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Assessing Projects and ReportsWhat are some inherent problems
with project and report assessments?What qualities are emphasized with
project and report assessments?How can teachers evaluate project
and report assessments?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Subjective AssessmentWhat role does the teacher play in
this type of assessment?What role does the student play in
this type of assessment?What are the pros and cons of this
type of assessment?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Peer Assessment and Self-AssessmentWhat role does the teacher play in this
type of assessment?What role does the student play in this
type of assessment?What are the pros and cons of this type of
assessment?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Checklist and Rubric AssessmentWhat role does the teacher play in this
type of assessment?What role does the student play in this
type of assessment?What are the pros and cons of this type of
assessment?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Analytical AssessmentWhat role does the teacher play in this
type of assessment?What role does the student play in this
type of assessment?What are the pros and cons of this type of
assessment?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Teacher Observations and Anecdotal RecordsWhat role does the teacher play in this
type of assessment?What role does the student play in this
type of assessment?What are the pros and cons of this type of
assessment?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Looking Back Assessment is important and complex and
should be measured against objectives.Teachers need to be constantly aware of the
need to focus on what is important, not just on what is easy to measure.
Authentic assessment advocates argue that tests and other traditional measures do not measure in a “real” way what a child is capable of doing.
Teachers could use portfolios, rubrics/check-lists, and many other tools to diversify their assessment.
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
ExtensionYour principal approaches you to talk as he has
received numerous complaints regarding your grading procedures from parents and students.
Unaware of your grading procedures, he asks to see your assessment plan for the assignment receiving the complaints; however you do not have one.
He explains that all effective teachers have an assessment plan and he expects you to create assessment plans in the future.
You apologize and promise to complete an assessment for the next social studies lesson and get it to him by next week.
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
ExtensionSelect a social studies lesson topic
and create an assessment plan.The assessment plan should include
measurable learning objectives and multiple forms of assessments to measure those objectives.
Create assessments that align with the learning objectives.
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
Self-Test1. What does the term “basis of comparison” mean
in assessment?2. Explain why both the method and the content of
assessment should be based on the teaching objectives.
3. What is meant by the term authentic assessment?4. Identify the criticisms of both objective and
subjective tests.5. What are the traits of a good test?6. What are the steps in building a test?
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies By Turner, Russell, Waters Copyright 2013
ResourcesNCSS. (1991). Position Statement: Testing and |
Evaluation of Social Studies Students. Social Education, 55 (September), 284–285.
Internet 4 Classrooms – http://www.internet4classrooms.com/index.htm 157
Rubistar for Teachers – http://rubistar.4teachers.org/ Vinson, K. D., Ross, E. W., & Wilson, M. (2011).
Standards-based Educational Reform and Social Studies Education: A Critical Introduction. In Russell, W. (Ed.), Contemporary Social Studies: An Essential Reader (pp. 153–172). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.