• Paired study at the Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health

(CCCEH) in New York with 22 women in their 3rd trimester of pregnancy

I. Demonstrate that PAHs are captured and recovered from silicone

wristbands in 48 hour deployments

II. Compare and characterize PAHs in wristbands and backpacks

III. Compare and characterize PAHs in wristbands and PAH metabolites

in urine samples

Assessing PAH exposures with multiple approaches including silicone wristbandsHolly Dixon1, Richard Scott1, Darrell Holmes2, Lehyla Calero2, Laurel Kincl1, Katrina Waters3, David Camann4, Julie Herbstman2, Kim Anderson1

1Oregon State University 2Columbia University 3Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 4Southwest Research Institute

AIM I

AIM II

REFERENCES(1) Donald CE, Scott RP, Blaustein KL, Halbleib ML, Sarr M, Jepson PC, et al. Silicone wristbands detect individuals' pesticide exposures in West Africa. Open Science. 2016;3(8):160433.

(2) Kile ML, Scott RP, O’Connell SG, Lipscomb S, MacDonald M, McClelland M, et al. Using silicone wristbands to evaluate preschool children's exposure to flame retardants. Environmental research. 2016;147:365-72.

(3) Hammel SC, Hoffman K, Webster TF, Anderson KA, Stapleton HM. Measuring Personal Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants Using Silicone Wristbands and Hand Wipes. Environmental science & technology. 2016;50(8):4483-91.

(4) O’Connell SG, Kincl LD, Anderson KA. Silicone wristbands as personal passive samplers. Environmental science & technology. 2014;48(6):3327-35.

(5) Miller RL, Garfinkel R, Horton M, Camann D, Perera FP, Whyatt RM, et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, environmental tobacco smoke, and respiratory symptoms in an inner-city birth cohort. CHEST Journal. 2004;126(4):1071-8.

(6) Perera FP, Rauh V, Tsai W-Y, Kinney P, Camann D, Barr D, et al. Effects of transplacental exposure to environmental pollutants on birth outcomes in a multiethnic population. Environmental health perspectives. 2003;111(2):201.

(7) Perera FP, Tang D, Wang S, Vishnevetsky J, Zhang B, Diaz D, et al. Prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and child behavior at age 6-7 years. Environmental health perspectives. 2012;120(6):921.

Figure 1. PAH frequency of detection and concentration in 22 wristbands (A),

backpack PUFs (B), and backpack PUFs and filters combined (C). The 20

PAHs analyzed in both the wristband and backpack samples are represented.

SUMMARY

Wristbands appear to be a candidate technology for

inclusion in exposure science and epidemiology studies

BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES

METHODS

Recent applications of passive sampling include the use of silicone

wristbands, which can sequester a wide variety of target compounds:

• Pesticides1

• Flame Retardants2,3

• PAHs4 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)

• The CCCEH has associated PAH exposure with allergies, asthma, impaired

neurodevelopment, and obesity in young children since 1998 5-7

Questionnaires

• Insight into participant background, behavior, activities

• Participant may not know which chemicals s/he is exposed to

Active Sampling – Air Monitoring Backpack

• Well-recognized for monitoring chemicals in air

• Pump noise and carrying backpack can be burdensome

Biological Samples

• Integrates all chemical exposure routes

• Hard to control for some confounding factors influencing

metabolic capacity

Passive Sampling

• Does not incorporate a battery or pump

• Only accounts for chemicals in the external environment – does

not account for dietary exposure

AIM III

Of the 62 PAHs analyzed in wristbands: • 84% of the PAHs were detected in at least 1 wristband

• 32 PAHs were detected in over 50% of the wristbands

AIM I Conclusions: PAHs are captured and recovered in wristbands in a 48 hour non-

occupational exposure period

Wristbands recovered PAHs in similar frequencies of detection and

concentrations as PUFs and filters

Analysis:

• Wristbands – 62 PAHs at

Oregon State University using

GC/MS-MS

• PUFs & Filters – 20 PAHs at

Southwest Research Institute

using GC/MS

• Urine – 8 PAH metabolites

(OH-PAHs) at the CDC using

HPLC/MS-MS

Table 1. Spearman’s correlation table for 20 PAHs analyzed in air monitoring

backpacks (PUFs and filters) and wristbands.

• PUF and wristband

comparisons indicate moderate

to strong correlations for 7 of 11

PAHs

• Including filter concentrations

does not greatly change

correlation trends

Table 2. Spearman’s correlation table for creatinine corrected OH-PAHs in

urine samples and PAHs in backpacks (PUFs and filters) and wristbands.

• PAHs in PUFs + Filters & OH-PAHs are correlated for 2 of 8 comparisons

• PAHs in wristbands & OH-PAHs are correlated for 4 of 8 comparisons

• 1-OH-phenanthrene and 1-OH-pyrene are strongly correlated with

associated PAHs in the wristbands

AIM II and III Conclusions: Wristbands may be more predictive of PAH metabolites in urine than

PUF + filter traditional methods

Correlation patterns could be the result of wristbands incorporating

both dermal and vapor phase PAH exposure and/or wristbands more

selectively capturing the bioavailable PAH fraction

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSResearch reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) under award number 1R21ES024718-01 and 4R33ES024718-02. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official

views of the NIEHS or NIH. HMD was supported in part by NIEHS Fellowship T32ES007060 and the ARCS Foundation®. The authors wish to thank the volunteer participants in this study, as well as Peter Hoffman, Alan Bergmann, and Carey Donald at OSU.

Notice of Disclosure: Kim Anderson, an author of this research, discloses a financial interest in MyExposome, Inc. which is marketing products related to the research being reported. The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by

Oregon State University in accordance with its policy on research conflicts of interest.

PUF &

Filter

A

B

C

To assess human exposure to environmental chemicals, researchers rely on a

variety of methods including: