asphalt pavement association of michigan hma ultra thin

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2009 County Engineer’s Workshop

Charles E. Mills, P.E., Director of Engineering

2937 Atrium Drive, Suite 2022937 Atrium Drive, Suite 202Okemos, MI 48864Okemos, MI 48864

517517--323323--7800 7800 www.apawww.apa--mi.orgmi.org

HMA Ultra ThinHMA Ultra Thin

Asphalt Pavement Association Of MichiganAsphalt Pavement Association Of MichiganHMA Ultra ThinHMA Ultra Thin

HMA Ultra-Thin:•Extends Pavement Service Life

•Protects the Pavement Structure

•Restores Pavement Smoothness

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Presentation Overview

What is HMA Ultra ThinSpecification Development

ValueWhen to Use, When to Rebuild

Project Examples





Project Examples

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CloseClose--up .75 inup .75 in


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What does HMA Ultra-Thin do:

•Protects the pavement structure•Adds structural value•Corrects surface deficiencies•Improves skid - resistance•Improves ride quality (restores crown)






Project Examples

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Original Performance Targets:

•Low to moderate volume roads•Alternate to Chip Seal•Ability to improve ride quality•Life expectancy 6 - 8 years


Specification Development:

•Survey of membership•Field review of projects constructed in early

1990’s • Gathered information on mixture properties• Use local materials


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Specification Development#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 36A

Sieve JMF EXT JMF EXT JMF JMF Spec.

½ “ 100 100 100 100 100 100 1003/8” 100 99.4 100 100 98.3 100 92-100#4 94.0 93.2 87.5 79.7 74.3 93.7 65-90#8 64.0 75.0 69.9 59.8 55.6 42.3 55-75#16 39.8 51.2 40.1 41.0 22.1#30 27.3 35.1 38.1 26.9 29.1 15.3 25-45#50 19.1 22.2 17.5 15.3 11.3#100 11.8 12.3 9.9 8.5 8.3#200 8.0 5.5 8.1 5.9 6.5 6.4 3-10


Saginaw Highway Saginaw Highway –– Grand Blanc Grand Blanc –– 1 yr old 1 yr old –– UltraUltra--Thin (#4)Thin (#4)


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UltraUltra--Thin (#3) Davison Hwy (3 yrs old) MicroThin (#3) Davison Hwy (3 yrs old) Micro--SurfaceSurface


#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6JMF EXT JMF EXT JMF JMF

AC% 6.8 6.5 8 7.3 6 6.7A.I. 3.9 6.2 4.1 4.4Fines to AC 1-2-1 .85-1 1.01-1 .80-1 1.08-1 .96-1Stability NA 800 2124 1353 2296Flow NA 10 15.4 9.4 12.2% Air Voids 3 6.65 est 3 3 3VMA 20.9 21.6 18.5 19AC Pen 120/150 AC-5 120/150 AC-5 AC-5TMD 152.1 149 149 168 153.9Mrsh Dnsty 147.2 136.5 144.3 162.7 149Crush 54.4 100 92 100Application Rate 65# 85# 63# 65# 75# est 60-65#Modified AC NO NO 5% SBR 5% SBR NO NO

Specification Development


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Original Mixture Specification 1993

Aggregate Gradation: Total PassingSieve Size (% by weight)12.5 mm (1/2”) 1009.5 mm (3/8”) 99-1004.75 mm (#4) 75-952.36 mm (#8) 55-75600 µm (#30) 25-4575 µm (#200) 3-8



Physical Properties:

•Percent crush (min) 50%•Angularity Index(MTM 118)(min) 2.5

•L.A. Abrasion (max) 40

(Low to Moderate Traffic)


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Mixture Criteria:

(Low to Moderate Traffic)

•Air Voids % 4.5•VMA (min) %,(Gse) 17.5•Fines/Binder % max 1.2•Flow (mm) 2 - 4•Stability min 4.0 kN


Published 1st specification

Encouraged members to market to counties

Focused on MDOT implementation


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MDOT Implementation

•Alternate to Micro-Surfacing & Chip Seal•Specification developed by Industry/MDOT Mixtures Task Force

•Mixture properties/materials engineered forspecific traffic levels


Current MDOT Ultra - Thin HMA Mixture Specification


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Traffic ClassificationsLow

Volume

Comm. ADT*

MediumVolume

Comm. ADT*

HighVolume

Comm. ADT*

<380 380 - 3400 >3400

* Two* Two--Way Truck TrafficWay Truck Traffic


Physical Properties of Combined Aggregates

ParameterLow

VolumeMediumVolume

HighVolume

PercentCrush (min)

50% 75% 95%

AngularityIndex

(MTM 118) (min)2.5 3.0 4.0

L.A. AbrasionLoss (max)

40 35 35

Aggregate WearIndex

260 260 260


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Ultra Thin H.M.A. Mixture Criteria

Parameter Low Volume

Medium Volume

High Volume

Marshall Air Voids % 4.5 4.5 5.0

VMA % (min) 15.5 15.5 15.5

Fines/Binder % (max) 1.2 1.4 1.4

Flow (mm) 2-4 2-4 2-4Stability,lbs

(min) 1200 1200 1200


Asphalt Binder SelectionLow

VolumeComm. ADT

<380

Medium Volume

Comm. ADT380 - 3400

HighVolume

Comm. ADT>3400

PG 64-22 PG 64-28P PG 70-22 P


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MDOT Ultra-Thin Overlay Specification:

•Two-Year Performance Warranty•Rutting•Raveling•Bleeding/Flushing•Debonding


MDOT Practice 2009:

•Low and Medium traffic volume in pavement sealant category.

Competes with chip seals and microsurfacing

•Emerging technology for high volume roads


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Guide Specification for HMA Ultra-Thin 2005:

•City/County Markets•Materials•Construction/QC

Density – Number of Rollers Method•Acceptance Sampling and Testing•Measurement and Payment


Guide Specification


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Binder Selection for HMA Ultra-Thin:






Project Examples

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As Bid Cost: 2008

•Ultra-Thin – low $ 2.20•Ultra-Thin –medium $ 2.55•Ultra-Thin – high $ 2.83•Microsurfacing – warranty $ 2.44

Wtg.Avg. Cost per syd


$9,6687.55-10$72,509$5.15Mill & fill (1.5”)

$7,7437.55-10$58,078$4.12Single course overlay (1.5”)

$5,69275-9$39,845$2.83Ultra-thin high

$5,12975-9$35,903$2.55Ultra-thin med

$4,42575-9$30,975$2.20Ultra-thin low

$8.58943-5$34,354$2.44Micro-surface

$8,44843-5$33,791$2.40Double chip seal

Cost/mile* per year

APAM Life extension range average (years)

Life extension range (years)

Cost/mile(24’ wide)

$/sydTreatment

Unit Prices based on MDOT Information Unit Prices based on MDOT Information as of Oct. 2008as of Oct. 2008

Prevention Maintenance Treatments Cost ComparisonPrevention Maintenance Treatments Cost Comparison


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UT Type # of Jobs Length (miles)

Ultra-thin low 30 256

Ultra-thin med 18 145

Ultra-thin high 8 50

MDOT Projects to Date


Estimate of Total miles done through 2008, is Approximately 550 miles of HMA Ultra-Thin in all markets.


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Project Examples

Existing Pavement Conditions:•Good cross section•Good base, structurally sound

•Visible surface distress may include:•Moderate cracking, ≤ 3/8” wide•Raveling and surface wear•Slight to moderate flushing or polishing•Occasional patch in good condition


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MM--60 60 -- 20042004


USUS--127 127 -- 20052005


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Existing Pavement Preparation:

•Repair of minor base failures anddepressions

•Filling of voids in pavement surface•Removal/replacement of patches with high asphalt content


Limitations:

•Severely distressed concreteDo Not Place On…


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Limitations:

•Rutted pavements require pre-treatmentDo Not Place On…


Limitations:

•Pavements with a weak baseDo Not Place On…


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Advantages:

•Ease of construction, use standard paver•Minimal construction time•Don’t have to adjust structures•Don’t have to wait to place permanent pavement markings


Advantages:

•Adds structural value•Very smooth riding surface•Improved ride quality•No excess stone buildup•No broken windshields from

loose aggregate


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Project Examples


The Mt. Pleasant ExperienceThe Mt. Pleasant Experience

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Mt. Pleasant SpecificationMt. Pleasant SpecificationAggregate Gradation: Total Passing

Sieve Size (% by weight)

9.5 mm (3/8”) 100

4.75 mm (#4) 90-100

2.36 mm (#8) 70-9075 µm (#200) 0-5

Air Voids: 8.0 +/- 1.0 % @ 25 gyrations

VMA (max): 24.0 %VFA range: 60.0 – 70.0 %

Stability (Hveem): 25.0 (min)

Binder: PG 70-28 (polymer modified)


BennettBennett

HMA Ultra Thin overlays work well on streets that are experiencing longitudinal cracking.

Longitudinal cracks generally will not reflect through the HMA Ultra Thin overlay.


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AndreAndre

HMA Ultra Thin overlays work well in holding together pavements that are experiencing alligator cracking or block cracking.The asphalt pieces cannot become dislodged after being overlaid and the cracks do not reflect through the HMA Ultra Thin overlay.


AndreAndre

HMA Ultra Thin Overlays are ideally suited for raising the street surface to the gutter elevation to allow water to drain off the street surface and prevent failure along the curb line.


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LincolnLincoln

HMA Ultra Thin Overlays can be placed on streets that have had the gutter previously overlaid without covering the entire curb back.


MapleMaple

HMA Ultra Thin overlays can be placed over crack sealing that was placed two or more years ago.Using HMA Ultra Thin on a street that has been crack-sealed within the last two years runs the risk of the crack seal material “bubbling” up through the overlay. The two year wait time allows the crack seal material to be worn enough to avoid the “bubbling” effect.


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FessendenFessenden

This street was crack sealed in 2000. At first glance, it would appear that crack sealing would have been the appropriate maintenance technique. However, a closer look indicates something different …


FessendenFessenden

The asphalt is about ½” below the gutter, meaning that water cannot get off the street. Unless this problem is corrected, this street will begin to show the edge cracking effects of water getting into, and weakening, the subgrade.


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FessendenFessenden

If this street had received an HMA Ultra Thin overlay, the water would be able to get off the street and edge cracking would not develop.


HMA Ultra Thin overlay can be used:HMA Ultra Thin overlay can be used:

- On streets that are experiencing longitudinal cracking - On streets that are experiencing alligator or block cracking- On streets where the asphalt surface is below the gutter- On streets where the gutter pan has been overlaid- On streets that have been crack sealed


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What does HMA Ultra Thin look like after What does HMA Ultra Thin look like after it is placed and in what situations can it be it is placed and in what situations can it be

used?used?

This next series of slides show the condition of some streets in the City

of Mt. Pleasant that have been overlaid with HMA Ultra Thin in the

last several years


HopkinsHopkins

Hopkins Street is a residential street that was overlaid with HMA Ultra Thin in 2005.

It was 700 feet long and the only street in that area of the city to be overlaid as part of the project.


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FairfieldFairfield

Fairfield Street is a residential street that was overlaid with HMA Ultra Thin in 2002.

The project involved placing HMA Ultra Thin on 8 different streets, over 7000 feet, in about one day.


FairfieldFairfield

It was part of a project in which every street in a neighborhood of approximately 100 residences was overlaid.

The Street department received many compliments and no complaints about the project.


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South DriveSouth Drive

South Drive was overlaid with HMA Ultra Thin in 2005. South Drive is used as the main and emergency entrances to Central Michigan Community Hospital.


Industrial DriveIndustrial Drive

Industrial Drive was overlaid with HMA Ultra Thin in 2005. It is in an industrial area with heavy users such as a Pepsi Distribution plant.


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FancherFancher

Fancher Street is a truck route street that serves an industrial area in Mt. Pleasant, and is used as a Mission Street bypass by many residents and businesses. In 2000, Fancher Street needed something done soon in order to avoid a failure of the street that would require a complete reconstruction of the street.

How bad is too bad?How bad is too bad?


FancherFancher

This was their first project using an HMA Ultra Thin overlay. They used Ultra Thin in 2000 and had high hopes for a quick and inexpensive process.They did not know what to expect on this street, but were hoping to extend the life of the street by 5 years.


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FancherFancher

After 9 years, Fancher Street is in much better condition than they could have hoped. HMA Ultra Thin has performed better than their best expectations …


FancherFancher

and has become a staple of their maintenance program because of it.


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Pleasant Street Pleasant Street –– Roscommon CountyRoscommon County


Pleasant Street Pleasant Street –– Roscommon CountyRoscommon County


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HMA Ultra-Thin:•Extends Pavement Service Life

•Protects the Pavement Structure

•Restores Pavement Smoothness


Questions ?

2937 Atrium Drive, Suite 2022937 Atrium Drive, Suite 202Okemos, MI 48864Okemos, MI 48864

517517--323323--7800 7800 www.apawww.apa--mi.orgmi.org

asphalt pavement association of michigan hma ultra thin

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