Table of Contents

Page

ASOR 2003

Daviau at AU

Ninow on Moab

AS 8

Random Survey

INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGYHORN ARCHAEOLOGICAL

MUSEUMNEWSLETTER

Paul J. Ray, Jr. EditorDavid Merling Assoc. EditorRandall W. Younker Assoc. EditorRobert D. Bates Asst. Editor

The Newsletter is published four times ayear by the Institute of Archaeology,Andrews University. Annual subscriptionprice is $7.50. Museum membership,subscription, and editorial correspon-dence should be addressed to the HornArchaeological Museum, Institute ofArchaeology, Andrews University,Berrien Springs, MI 49104-0990,Telephone 269-471-3273, Fax 269-471-3619, e-mail hornmusm@andrews.edu.

Volume 25.1Winter 2004

ISSN 1095-2837

ASOR ANNUAL MEETING 2003This year’s annual meeting of the American Schools of Oriental Research was held in

Atlanta, GA from Nov. 19-22. It offered 52 sessions, with 250 different papers, and was attendedby almost 600 people. The annual meeting of the Near East Archaeological Society was heldconcurrently (Nov. 19-21) and the Society of Biblical Literature annual meeting immediately after(Nov. 22-25).

Madaba Plains Project members and affiliates who presented papers this year included DavidMerling (The Small Finds of Tall Jalul, 1992-2000); Robert Bates and Randall Younker (AnEgyptian Seal from Tall Jalul, Jordan); Tim Harrison (Community Life, Household Production, andthe Ceramic Industry of Early Bronze Age Tall al-‘Umayri): David Chaudoir (EthnohistoricalApproaches to Late Ottoman Hisban, Jordan); Bethany Walker (The Nalka-Hibras Survey:Archaeological Investigations of the Mamluk Agricultural Policy); David Graf (Nabonidus’Tayma’: New Archaeological and Epigraphic Evidence; and Gary Christopherson (Using GIS toUnderstand the Umyyad Period in the Region of Tall al-‘Umayri, Jordan). Those chairing sessionsincluded Constance Gane (Reports on Current Excavations, ASOR-Afflicted II); Carolyn Draper-Rivers (Communicating Archaeology to the Public); Øystein LaBianca and Bert de Vries (MaterialCulture and History: Ottoman Syro-Palestine; David Graf (Arabia I) and Gary Christopherson

Rami G. Khouri speaks to the Presidential Forum at the ASOR meetings.

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(GIS and Archaeology). In addition,Douglas Clark and James Flanagan pre-sented a workshop on IntegratingTechnology with Archaeology. ASORpresident Lawrence Geraty chaired thePresidential Forum, at which the well-known reporter Rami Khouri of the DailyStar Newpaper in Beirut was the keynotespeaker focusing on the theme: The Futureof American Archaeology in the Post-Saddam Middle East. (Paul J. Ray, Jr.)

P. M. Michèle Daviau, Professor ofArchaeology and Classical Studies atWilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo,Ontario, Canada and the Director of theWadi ath-Thamad Project in Jordan, visit-ed Andrews University. Dr. Daviau hasexcavated at Tell Hesi, Tall al-‘Umayri,Tall Jawa (south), and Kirbat al-Mudaynaon the Wadi ath-Thamad. While atAndrews, Dr. Daviau and her collegue Dr.Ellen Kirby examined the Tall Jalul pot-tery and looked for potter’s marks. OnNov. 6, 2004, Dr. Daviau presented anillustrated lecture for the Horn MuseumLecture Series entitled: Temples andTowns in Moab, in which she describedher excavations at Kirbat al-Mudayna.

Kirbat-al Mudayna is a dual site thatincludes an Iron Age site and a Nabataeansettlement. Dr. Daviau has been excavat-ing there since 1996. Early surveys foundan Iron Age II (900-550 B.C.) fortifiedtown with a moat. The city walls werewell-preserved and the walls of somebuildings were ca. 2 m high. Excavationsin the northern section revealed threemajor buildings: a gate building, gateshrine and temple with an industrialbuilding. The heavily fortified six-cham-ber gate has three rooms on each side, acentral roadway, front bastions and atower that resembles similar gates inCisjordan. Unlike other gates, small wallsblocked the entrances to the chambersfrom the road, restricting access to thesmall doorways in the walls The rooms

contained storage vessels. The gate area showed signs of a

major conflagration. The gate was heavilyburned and fell into the street. The upperstory debris included a miniature altar,large limestone basins and loom weights.This may have been an industrial center.The fortification included a casemate wallthat curves from the bastion around thetell and a small tower. The bastion had asmall plaza, a bench and two standingstones of a gate shrine.

The temple area contained a court-yard with over 1200 animal bones andpoorly-constructed temple walls whichwere hastily made in a secondary phase.In front of the walls were plasteredbenches. A single bench divided the roominto two sections: a principal room and anannex. A podium stone and several altarswere found in the destruction layers ofthe temple. Many artifacts were foundamong the debris including figurines,jewelry and lamps. In the annex a lime-stone mortar bowl and a gaming boardwere found. In addition, a candelabra–shaped altar with a small soot-stainedbowl on its top was also found. Used forburning incense, this altar had an inscrip-tion on the side in what may be a previ-ously unrecorded Moabite dialect.According to Dr. P. Dion it says, “this isthe incense altar which Elišama‘ made forYassap the daughter of ’Ewat.” All ofthese items are consistent with an effortby the inhabitants of the city to consult

their gods while under siege.Recently, Dr. Daviau has begun exca-

vating a site from the Mudayna survey.On the main road heading south fromMadaba are the heavily fortified ruins ofRumeil. On a hillside south of Rumeil,Dr. Daviau began excavating a smallmound surrounded by a perimeter wallwhich was built on the bedrock. This siteis called Wadi Thamad Site 13. Initialexcavations on the eastern side exposed arow of ovens that were reused over timeas well as many animal bones. Dr. Daviaubelieves that this may have been a placewhere cultic meals were shared by localresidents. Later, the site probably devel-oped into a wayside shrine.

Excavation on the western sectorrevealed many figurines of various styles.Some of the figurine heads had natural orlocal hairstyles while others had theEgyptian blunt shoulder-cut style. Manyof the female figurines had extra clayadded around their body so they could beaffixed to a flat surface. Usually, this typeof figurine is attached to a clay model ofa temple. Though many fragments ofthese temple models were found, there donot seem to be any attached figurinesassociated with them. Several ceramicstatues were found. They were made on apotter’s wheel and shaped like jugs. Somehad decorative features including paintedclothing. There were also model furni-ture, miniature ceramic vessels and modelbuildings that may have been smallshrines. In addition, a bluish-coloredamulet of the Egyptian god “Horus as achild” was also found.

Dr. Daviau concluded that Site 13was a wayside shrine with two periods ofuse. Initially, the local people used theshrine. They had animal sacrifices andcommunal meals at the site. They cookedfood in the ovens, but did not process thefood at the site. Later, travelers came andbrought high-status gifts including, jewel-ry, which were left at the shrine. Theyhad statues made of themselves to remindthe god or goddess to protect them ontheir journey. (Robert D. Bates)

P. M. Michèle Daviau.Daviau at AU

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Friedbert Ninow, Professor of OTand Archaeology at Friedensau AdventistUniversity in Friedensau, Germany andDirector of the Khirbat Mamariyah Projectin Jordan, presented an illustrated lecturefor the Horn Museum Lecture Series onNov. 17, 2003 entitled At the Fringes ofthe Moabite Plateau: New Discoveries inAncient Moab.

In 1983-84 Udo Worshech conductedthe Northwest Ar El-Kerak Survey,following it up with an excavation of thelarge Iron Age site of Balua‘. Drs.Worshech and Ninow worked together atthe site from 1987-2000. The main fea-ture at Balua‘ is a fortress (Qasr) inhabit-ed in Iron Age II. It contained a numberof rooms, one of which had an oven(tabun) with ancient flour beside it, on theground. Other finds at site include aninscription [b]tmlk reading either the“house” or “daughter of the king.” Thisfind, along with the size of the site, sug-gest that Balua‘ was a residential city of

the king of Moab, perhaps Ar (Num21:15). Two standing stones (ma ēbô )were found, erected outside of a house,and a goddess was found in a roombehind it. Female figurines holding rounddiscs were found beneath a floor of anoth-er room. On the other side of the Wadifrom Balua‘, a tomb was discoveredwhich had ceramics from the Early BronzeAge through Iron Age I, including IronAge I painted wares, beads and a male fig-urine, perhaps depicting the Moabite godKemoš. The site of Balua‘was abandonedsometime during Iron Age II.

Dr. Ninow has since done a survey ofthe Wadi al-Balua‘, which leads north-ward as a tributary to the Wadi Mujib(biblical Arnon). While surveying thewadi, he discovered part of a road, possi-bly an extension of the one mentioned byMesha‘ on the Moabite Stone (line 26), aswell as a Nabataean fort. At the end of thewadi where it enters into the Mujib, hefound a large Iron Age fortress with case-mate walls and a round tower on top,overlooking the descent to the water. Thissite (Khirbat Mamariyah) is located in the

middle of the wadi, leading Dr. Ninow tosuggest an association with “the town inthe middle of the valley” mentioned inJosh 13:9. Excavation began in 2001. Thesite is very similar to the sites of Khirbatal-Mudayna N and S in that all three siteshave casemate walls with pillared-roomhouses around the periphery of the settle-ments and almost identical ceramics fromthe late Iron Age I (1100-1000 B.C.).(Paul J. Ray, Jr.)

Andrews Un ive r s i t y P re s sAndrews Un ive r s i t y P re s sAS VIII ( = AUCT V)Old Babylonian Account Texts in theHorn Archaeological Museum by Marcel Sigrist.

ISBN 1-883925-39-82003; v + 325 pp. cloth: 8.5 x 11”; $49.99.

Sigrist completes his publication of cuneiform tablets in the Horn ArchaeologicalMuseum collection with this corpus of 276 Old Babylonian tablets. Once again,Sigrist presents index lists of personal names, names of deities, andgeographical names with a catalogue (register and description) of the individualtablets as well as a classification of the texts ordered according to reigning king. Indexes ofAkkadian words (by transliteration and by sign) are provided. The main body of the publicationincludes treatments of each tablet, including: tablet identification information, line-drawn illustrations,transliteration of all writing, and translation of most of the texts. This well-conceived and designedpublication readily presents user-friendly data for study and comparison.

Phone: 269-471-6134 * Toll Free: 1-800-467-6369 Visa/MC * Fax: 269-471-6224 * Email: aupress@andrews.edu

Old Babylonian Old Babylonian Account Account TTextexts s

in the in the Horn Horn ArchaeologicalArchaeological

MuseumMuseum

Marcel SigristMarcel Sigrist

Friedbert Ninow.

Ninow On Moab

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Bulge Repaired

Following a report that cen-turies of erosion caused abulge in the southern wallof the Temple Mount inJerusalem, Jordanian expertsspent $140,000 to restorethe affected 250 squaremeters of the wall. TheJordanian Minister ofReligious Affairs recentlyannounced that the year-long project was completedand that the wall will nowbe protected againstpredicted toppling.

Renovation of Theater of Dionysus

The Theater of Dionysus at the base of the Athens Acropolis, which was in use over 2500years ago for the plays of Euripides and Sophocles, is being renovated for modern use. Itwill seat 4,000 spectators, and utilize 75 percent original and 25 percent modern material.

Douglas Clark Named new ASOR Director

Congratulations are in order for Douglas R.Clark of the MPP-‘Umayri for his appoint-ment as the new Executive Director ofASOR. Doug took up his new responsibilitiesas of January 1, 2004.

Ancient Puteoli Excavated

The ancient Roman port cityof Puteoli, lying under the16th-century streets ofmodern Pozzuoli, is nowbeing excavated under-ground. Using steel beamsto support portions of themodern city, Italian archae-ologists have already founda marble temple from thefirst century B.C., completewith colonnades, arches, awhite and gold dome andfragments of religious fres-coes. Ancient Puteoli wasthe harbor into which Paulsailed and visited for sevendays before traveling toRome (Acts 28:13-14).

To discover more about archaeology, theInstitute, and the Museum, contact us at:

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First Frontal Portrait of a Pharaoh

Egyptologists have restored the first known portrait of a Pharaohdepicting a frontal image rather than the typical profile. Painted ona wooden board and buried in front of a tomb in Luxor, the imagecould possibly be Tuthmosis III or Hatshepsut (Tuthmosis III’sstepmother who was often depicted as a man). The portrait seemsto be either a sketch for a statue or simply a casual drawing madeby an apprentice.

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