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Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction

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Types of Asexual Reproduction

1. Binary fission2. Budding3. Fragmentation4. Vegetative propagation5. Parthenogenesis

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What is asexual reproduction?Requires only one parentOffspring have 100% the same chromosomes

as the parent.In other words, the offspring are exact “clones”

of the parent.MitosisMovie

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Asexual ReproductionBinary Fission

BacteriaProtists

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction where every organelle is copied and the organism divides in two.

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Asexual ReproductionBudding

Hydra Movie

Yeast

Budding is a means of asexual reproduction whereby a new individual develops from an outgrowth of a parent, splits off, and lives independently.

Yeast

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Asexual ReproductionFragmentation

Sea starsflatworms

Fragmentation is a means of asexual reproduction whereby a single parent breaks into parts that regenerate into whole new individuals.

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Asexual ReproductionVegetative Propagation

•Bulbs, tubers and suckers are underground structures that can grow to form new plants, eg tulips, potatoes, bananas

•Runners are fast growing stems that grow along the surface of the soil and take root. Eg strawberries

•Some plants can grow from cuttings of roots, stems, and leaves.

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Asexual ReproductionParthenogenesis

Females reproduce without fertilisation by males

Found in both invertebrates and vertebrates

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Sexual ReproductionRequires special sex cells called gametes from two parentsGametes are formed by the

process of Meiosis – which results in a cell with half of the genetic material of the parent

each cell only contains half of the genetic material needed, two cells must fuse to provide the correct amount of DNA

Offspring have characteristics of each parent

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Sexual ReproductionFertilisation

When the gametes of the two parents fuse to produce a zygote