Asexual ReproductionAsexual – the production of a new organism with out the fusion of sex cells. ONE parent is involved.

Uncontrolled Cell DivisionCancer cells divide uncontrollably

Asexual ReproductionOne parent involvedNew organism produced by mitotic cell division of parent cell

Offspring is identical to parent

Types of Asexual Reproduction1. Binary Fission

One celled organism undergoes division

Equal division of the organism Ex. Ameba, Paramecium

2. Buddinga. Unicellular: yeast

i. New cell detaches or remains on parent to form a colony

ii. Unequal division of cytoplasm

b. Multicellular: hydrai. Multicellular bud grows off the

side of the parent

3. Sporulation (multicellular)i. Spores released and develops

new individualsii. Ex. Bread Mold

4. Regeneration – (invertebrates)a. Development of an entire new

organism from a part of the original

b. Undifferentiated cells – not specialized

c. Replacement of lost structuresEx. Starfish, planaria

5. Vegetative Propagationa. Type of asexual reproduction

that occur in plants.b. New plants develop from roots,

stems, or leaves of the parent plant

1. Natural:a. Bulbs – enlarged underground

stem with thick leaves. Ex. Onions & Tulips

b. Tubers – enlarged underground stem with buds. Ex. Potato

c. Runners – stems that grow along the ground. Ex. Strawberries

d. Rhizomes – short pieces of woody, underground stems. Ex. Ferns, poison ivy.

Runners Rhizomes

2. Artificial:a. Cuttings – a piece of stem or leaf is cut

from the plant and placed in soil or water a new plant develops. Ex. Geranium, rose, grape.

b. Layering – bending stems into the ground to produce new plants. Ex. Raspberry plant

c. Grafting – stem is cut from one plant and attached to stem of another plant allows for combination of desirable traits. Ex. Seedless oranges, different types of apples on one tree.

Advantages of Vegetative Propagation Speed Seedless fruits Desirable characteristics

Results of Asexual Reproduction Offspring is genetically identical to the parent

Same hereditary information.

Cloning A way of making identical genetic copies.

Has been done with sheep, pigs.

Steps Scientists take a parent cell nucleus and extract it.

Scientists take an egg cell from a female and remove the nucleus.

The nucleus from the parent cell is put into the egg cell.

The egg cell can then be implanted into a female for full development.

** This is then placed in a female to develop **