AS OCR Biology

UNIT 1 – Module 2

Exchange and Transport

Revision Quiz

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1. Why do large organisms need an exchange surface? (2)

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2. Give two properties of a good exchange surface? (2)

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3. What are the membranes that surround the lungs called? (1)

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4. What does the trachea branch into? (1)

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5. What type of cell produces mucus? (1)

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6. What type of cell wafts the mucus up the trachea? (1)

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7. What is the function of the smooth muscle in the airways? (1)

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8. What is the function of the elastic fibres in the airways? (1)

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9. What is the fluid called in the lungs that reduces surface tension? (1)

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10. Outline the process of inhalation (4)

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11. What piece of apparatus is used to investigate lung volumes? (1)

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12. What term is used to describe the volume of air breathed in and out in one breath? (1)

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13. Define the term vital capacity. (1)

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14. By what process do single celled organisms get oxygen and nutrients? (1)

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15. What type of circulatory system do insects have? (1)

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16. What are the two parts of a human’s double circulatory system called? (2)

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17. Which large artery carries oxygenated blood away from the heart? (1)

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18. Which artery carries blood from the heart to the lungs? (1)

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19. Which arteries supply the heart muscle itself with blood? (1)

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20. Which vein drains blood from the body into the right atrium? (1)

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21. What is the structure that separates the two sides of the heart called? (1)

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22. Which side of the heart is the thickest? (1)

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23. What is the name of the valve between the right atrium and ventricle? (1)

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24. Name the three stages of the cardiac cycle? (3)

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25. What word is used to describe when the heart muscle is relaxed? (1)

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26. What is the valve called in the aorta? (1)

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27. What term is used to describe how cardiac muscle automatically contracts? (1)

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28. What initiates the cardiac cycle? (1)

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29. What are the fibres called that transmit the excitation from the AVN to the tip of the heart? (1)

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30. Which part of the ECG represents the wave of electrical activity spreading through the walls of the atria? (1)

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31. Which part of the ECG represents the wave of electrical activity sweeping upwards through the ventricle walls? (1)

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32. Name the three layers that make up a typical artery or vein? (3)

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33. What is the name of the smaller type of vessel that arteries branch into? (1)

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34. What tissue allows the artery walls to stretch and recoil? (1)

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35. What is the name of the fibrous protein found in the artery walls which give them strength? (1)

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36. Give one adaptation that allows capillaries to exchange materials with tissues efficiently? (1)

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37. Which type of blood vessel contains valves? (1)

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38. What is the liquid component of the blood called? (1)

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39. What is the scientific name for red blood cells? (1)

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40. 90% of tissue fluid returns to the capillaries what does the other 10% become? (1)

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41. What is it called when you have a build-up of tissue fluid? (1)

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42. What is the diameter of typical red blood cell in µm? (1)

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43. How many oxygen atoms can combine with a haemoglobin molecule? (1)

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44. What units do we measure the concentration of gases in? (1)

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45. What happens to the oxygen dissociation curve in the Bohr shift? (1)

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46. How is 5% of carbon dioxide transported in the blood? (1)

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47. Which enzyme helps form carbonic acid from carbon dioxide and water in red blood cells? (1)

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48. What does this carbonic acid then dissociate to form? (1)

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49. What molecule is formed when carbon dioxide combines directly with haemoglobin? (1)

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50. What has a higher affinity for oxygen, adult or foetal haemoglobin? (1)

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51. BY what process does water move from the soil into the roots? (1)

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52. By what two pathways can water then move from the root hair into the xylem? (2)

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53. What is the waterproof strip called in the walls of the endodermis cells? (1)

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54. What substance makes it waterproof? (1)

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55. What are the direct connections between cells in the cortex called? (1)

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56. What are the individual cells called in a xylem vessel? (1)

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57. What substance gives these cells strength and waterproofing? (1)

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58. Name two ways this substance can be distributed in the walls of the xylem vessels? (2)

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59. What is the function of the pits in the xylem vessels? (1)

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60. Name the two properties of water that allow it to move up the xylem by mass flow? (1)

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61. What is the process of the loss of water vapour from the leaves called? (1)

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62. What are the pores called on the leaves that allow this process to happen? (1)

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63. Name three factors that affect the rate of water loss from the leaves? (3)

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64. What term is used to describe a plant that is adapted for living in dry conditions? (1)

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65. Give two adaptations of these plants? (2)

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66. What piece of apparatus can you use to measure the rate of water loss from the plant? (1)

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67. What term is used to describe the transport of soluble organic substances within a plant? (1)

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68. What is the main assimilate transported by the phloem? (1)

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69. What type of cells is phloem tissue made up of? (1)

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70. What cells are closely associated with phloem and help them carry out their role? (1)

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71. What do you call an area of a plant where sucrose is loaded into the phloem? (1)

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72. What is the area called where sucrose is taken out of the phloem? (1)

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73. What type of protein is used to move sucrose and hydrogen ions into the cell? (1)

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END OF TEST

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