Artward Bound

Table of ContentsIntro & About Artward Bound 2Trees 4 Oriental Bittersweet Vine 18Shrubs 19Perenials 25Animals 32Frederick Law Olmsted 36History of the Fens 37Credits 39References 40

Process

We worked on making the field for 6 weeks during the winter and spring of 2012:

- Week 1: We learned about what is a field guide and what is Environmental Art, and that our project can be considered part of this category.- Week 2: We learned about the Fens, and saw some Environ-mental Art in the Paine and Bakalar galleries. - Week 3: We went to the Fens to sketch plants and animals we saw. We also picked plants we were interested in.- Week 4: We worked on creating drawings for the field guide.- Week 5: We worked on creating our pages for the book. - Week 6: We worked on finishing our pages for the book.

We posted evidence of our process on a wall in the Garden Lab, an experimental for the 2012 spring semester in the Brant Gallery. The aim for the Garden Lab is to “create a garden space and platform where all students and the com-munity-at-large can engage in an open conversation about art, design, food, community, and the environment. The proj-ect examines these topics and concerns in experimental and investigative ways, while proposing creative and sustainable solutions and possibilities.”

In addition to posting our progress in the Garden Lab, we used the space as a place to do research, draw, learn about environ-mental art, plant seeds, and watch them grow.

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design college or other post-secondary institution. Students enrolling in the program are expected to participate through their senior year in high school. Students in Artward Bound begin with a six-week summer session that includes intensive art and academic programs based on the campus of the Massachusetts College of Art and Design (MassArt). During the school year, students participate in art classes and other activities including visits to museums and studios, academic tutoring, and life skills workshops. Program activities primarily take place at MassArt, for the first two years, after which students may participate in other affiliated art programs throughout the city.

Artward Bound is a four-year college access program in the visual arts, designed for underserved, potential first generation students who live and go to school in Boston. Artward Bound helps prepare 8th – 12th grade students interested in the visual arts with the artistic and academic skills needed for admission to and success at an art/

Who We Are

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Name: Red Oak TreeLatin name: Quercus rubra

Elijah S. Rheddick

TREES

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This tree is the bare version of the red oak in the winter. Mainly abundant in the New England area, this tree can grow up to 15 -20 feet tall. It has a diameter of 2 to 4 feet long and can live for more than 300 years. Its leaves can stay well into autumn and will feel like a leathery substance from a chemical compound. This tree grows quickly and pro-duces important food for small animals.

The Red oak leaf has about seven to eleven lobes;later in the fall a dark red color appears before turning brown.

TREES

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TREES

Something interesting about this type of tree is that the sap can be used to make maple syrup, though it’s not as high quality as that of sugar maples. Its wood is used for inexpensive furniture, firewood and railroad ties.

By: Andy Vo

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By: Andy Vo

TREES

Red Maple

Known as Acer Rubrum in Latin, its common name is the Red Maple. It Belongs to the Kingdom Plantae, and can adapt to a wide range of the conditions more so than other trees in Eastern North America. It grows on poor dry soils, swamps and anywhere in between. Also known as Swamp, Water or Soft Maple. It can grow up to 15ft tall, has a trunk diameter of 18-30 inches and a spread up to 40 ft wide. Attaining maturity at 70 to 80 years, the Red Maple is a short to medium lived tree, which does not exceed 150 years.

(As you can see here, a dot shows where this tree can be locatedand be found.Find your way to the red dot, to locate this Red Maple.)

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白色桦树 (White Birch tree)

Birch trees come in many shapes and sizes, but they do share some common characteristics. Generally, birch trees are medium-sized trees growing to between 40 and 50 feet in height with the leaves turning yellow in the fall. Where they tend to differ is in bark colour, growing conditions and disease resistance.

TREES

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The flowers are monoe-cious, opening with or before the leaves and borne on three-flowered clusters in the axils of the scales of drooping or erect aments. Staminate aments are pendulous, clustered or solitary in the axils of the last leaves of the branch of the year or near the ends of the short lateral branchlets of the year . They form in early autumn and remain rigid during the winter.

果(Birch Fruit)

TREES

9(Chane Arthur)

Ciara Sanders

TREES

Each year, the National Cherry Blossom Festival commemorates the 1912 gift of 3,000 cherry trees from Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo to the city of Washington, DC. The gift and annual celebration honor the lasting friendship between the United States and Japan and the continued close relationship between the two countries.

1885: Mrs. Eliza Ruhamah Scidmore returned to Washington from her first visit to Japan, and approached the U.S. Army Superintendent of the Office of Public Buildings and Grounds with the proposal that cherry trees be planted one day along the Potomac waterfront. It took many years, but eventually the trees were planted.

In Japan, cherry blossoms also symbolize clouds due to their nature of blooming en masse, besides being an enduring metaphor for the ephemeral nature of life.

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TREES

Cherry trees are close to the Emerald Neck-lace Conservancy’s visitors center.

Silhouette showing the form of the tree:

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Honey LocustGleditsia triacanthos

TREES

Gleditsia triacanthos•The Honeylocust can grow up to 66-100 ft•It produces an edible flat legume (pod) that matures in the early autumn, and can grow between 15-20cm •Honey Locusts are able to grow in compacted soil, alkaline soil, road salt, draught, heat, thus can survive the urban landscape•Though resistant to gypsy moths, it is vulnerable to the misosa webworm, spider mites, cankers and galls •Its name is derived from the sweet paste in the pulp, which was used for the Native American people, and can also be formented to make beer. However the pulp on the insides of the Black Locust pods are toxic•The life span is typically about 120 years, though some live up to 150 years

By: Cyndie Galvez12

TREES

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Honeylocust silhouette

TREES

Almost every part on a Linden tree (besides the wood) can be eaten in some form or another. The leaves, when new and still growing, are actually a salad green. They have a nice fresh taste.

The flowers are slightly sweet and used for medicinal purposes in Europe. They can be made into tea, or you can just eat them

“The fruits have an edible core, but it is a lot of work to get at it, so I have only tried it a few times. That said, were I desper-ate, there is usually an abundance of last year's fruits around the base of the tree in winter that could be gathered and stored.”

Linden Tree ( basswood) Tilia cordata

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- Paul G. Harlen, Yahoo! Contribu-tor Network , The Incredible (and Edible) Linden Tree

By : Kassandra Colon

TREES

Latin name -Malus sylvestris

Facts- •the crab apple is a broadleaf •this tree is deciduous•the average height is 22.1feet•this tree grows a yellow–green fruit often flushed with red and/or white spots•its natural range is Brtiain, Ireland, UK, North America•this tree has green oval leafs that grow up to 2.4 inches•the crab apple also grows grouped flowers

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TREES

Tulip tree Liriodendron Tulipifera

Facts:

The tulip tree is often referred to as the white or yellow poplar. It is a type of magnolia; The tulip tree originated from Kentucky, Indiana, and Tennessee. Tulip trees can adapt to climates Lower than Subzero, Tulip trees can grow on landscape but give them plenty of growing area. Tulip trees don’t bloom until 15 years after they are planted and when they start to grow they can live until up to 300 Years. Tulip trees are the tallest broad leaf tree in the east United States and can grow to be as tall as 200 feet but most are 100-150 feet tall. Tulip trees are so tall because they are disease and Pest resistant. - Isaiah Thistle16

TREES

HawthornCrataegus spp.

Hawthorn has been used medicinally as a cardiac tonic used to help heart problems. Below is what the Hawthorne looks like in winter, but it is easy to identify because if its long thorns.

17Ryan Rosado

Vine

Oriental Bittersweet vineCelastrus orbiculatus

Oriental bittersweet is a decidious woody perennial which is in the staff tree family, and sometimes appears as a trailing shrub. It has rounded-leaves and stems sometimes grow up to 4 inches in diameter. It is an invasive plant. In the picure above, it has climbed to the top of a tree, and is killing the tree.

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Jameel Jno-Baptiste

Red Twig Dogwood grows up to 8 inches. It bears variegat-ed leaves and white flowers that forms in flat clusters. Flowers are surounded by beries that have a white col-lar. During the fall, foliage can turn rose or gold.

Shrubs

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Red Twig DogwoodCornus sericea

Jameel Jno-Baptiste

Type: Broad leaf evergreen shrub.

Outstanding Features: clusters of white to pink flowers; foliage (es

pecially new growth of some cultivars)

Form: Upright mound.

Growth Rate: Slow.

Bloom: Clusters of white to pink to red lily-of-the-valley-like flowers in late winter to early spring.

Size: 6-12’ H x 6-10’ W.

Light: Full sun to light shade.

Shrubs

20Shyimel Brown

AndromedaPieris japonica

Early blooming evergreen shrubs are very special for year round interest in the garden and Pieris japonica is one of the best. Its large drooping clusters of small, waxy lily-of-the-valley-like flow-ers cover the bush in late winter or early spring when little else is blooming The color depends on the cultivar and can be white, pink, or red. Equally attractive is the new growth that can be bronze, pink or bright red, depending on the cultivar.

Shrubs

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Shrubs

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YewTaxus Bacatta

Seed cones are 4-7 mm long partly sur-rounded by a soft, bright red berry-like structure called an aril, 8-15 mm long and wide and open at the end. Birds eat the seeds then disperse them in their drop-pings. The male cones are globose, 3-6 mm diameter, and shed their pollen in early spring.

Franklin Butahe

Shrubs

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SummersweetClethra alnifolia

Rachard Dale

Shrubs

Cora Burwell24

WitchhazelHamamelis viginiana

Perenials

A crocus is one of the first flowers to bloom. It is small a cup-shaped flower with yellow stamens wich appear in late winter and early spring. Crocuses come in many colors such as yellow, white, purple, lavender or bi-color.

The name “Crocus” comes from the Greek word “Krokos”.

Paola De La Cruz 25

Perenials

DAFFODIL: NARCISSUS

This flower has six petals arranged in the shape of a star with a central trumpet facing out. Stems of single flow-ers are 30-50cm(12-20 inches) long, multi-flowered stems are shorter. Daffodils vary in size and color. There are over 25,000 types of narcissus in shades of yellow, white, peachy pink, orange and bicolor.

26MUREILLE JEAN

Perenials

DAY-LILY:HEMEROCALLIS

The flowers open early in the morning and wither during the following night. They are possibly re-placed by another flower stalk the next day. They have a crown,flowers,and roots.The long linear lanceolate leaves are grouped into opposite fans with arching leaves. The crown is the small white portion between the leaves and roots.

MUREILLE JEAN27

MUREILLE JEAN

Perenials

PHRAGMITES <3“ an invasive plant thats sometimes cursed sometimes tolerated ,glows in the setting sun ‘‘ - Constance Casey, Landscape Architeture magazine, January 2012 - It is a large perennial grass found in the wet lands

throughout temperate and tropical regions of the world .

- It can grow in damp ground or water up to 1 metre ( 3ft 3in ) or even as a floating mat .

- phragmites grow in marshes all over the world

By : Kassandra Colon28

PerenialsPerenials

29Yffka Lavaud

Japanese knotweed also known as the Fallopia japonica. It is an up right shrub-like plant. The stems are smooth, stout, and swollen at joints where the leaf meets the stem. The leaves are normally 6 inches long and 3-4 inches wide. The leaves are broadly oval to somewhat triangular and pointed at the tip.

The japanese knotweed first appeared around the late 1800’s. It is found in in several western states, and Alaska. It can tolerate a variety of adverse conditions including full shade, high temperatures, high salinity, and drought. It is an invasive plant that takes over areas that it grows in.

Perenials

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Burdock is any of a group of biennial thistles in the genus Arctium, family Asteraceae. Native to the Old World, several species have been widely introduced worldwide.

The roots of burdock, among other plants, are eaten by the larva of the Ghost Moth (Hepialus humuli). The plant is used as a food plant by other Lepidoptera including Brown-tail, Coleophora paripen-nella, Coleophora peribenanderi, the Gothic, Lime-speck Pug and Scalloped Hazel. People can eat the roots too.

By: Angellize Rivera

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Allium canadense

Perenials

Animals

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This is an example of a squirrel’s nest. Their home is made up of bundles and bundles of twigs, and sticks. It is usually located in the highest part of the tree where it is protected from pretators.

There is a squirrel nest at the top of a tree that is covered in Oriental Bittersweet vines at the star on the map.

Eastern Gray Squirrel T 9”; L 19 The eastern gray squirrel New England’s commanly seen mammal mostly found in mixed woods, and towns. The gray squirrel is active during day time all year round and lives off eating nuts, buds, inner bark, and fruit that falls from trees.Color: gray above, white below in the summer the the head, legs and the side are brown. Their tail is and bushy , with a blackish-white color. The eastern gray squirrel’s vocal s make a clucking with a chatter sound to communicate with other squirrels or to send signals

Animals

33Antoine White

The Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) is a medium-sized American sparrow.

The adults have brown upperparts with dark streaks on the back. They are white underneath with dark streaking and a dark brown spot in the middle of the breast. They have a brown cap and a long brown rounded tail. Their face is grey with a streak through the eye.

Animals

By: Angellize Rivera34

Animals

Paola De La Cruz

“The Canada Goose (Branta canaden-sis) is a wild goose belonging to the genus Branta, which is native to arc-tic and temperate regions of North America, having a black head and neck, white patches on the face, and a brownish-gray body”

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Olmsted

Frederick Law OlmstedBirthday: April 26, 1922

As a young man, Olmsted tried out many careers. He learned surveying, became a farmer, and an was an accountant. He could not find a profession that he liked. He wrote a book after writing a lot of articles about how slavery is not only morally wrong, bur also ecomonically inefficient.

Olmsted went to Europe and loved the English Countryside and natural landscapes. During a dinner with someone, he found out about a competition to design central park. He entered the competition to design the layout of the 843 acres of Central Park with Architect Calvert Vaux. They won the competition. His profession as a Landscape Architect began.

Olmsted married his brother’s wife after his brother died. People all over America found out about Central Park, and many cities asked Olmsted if he could design a park for their city. He started a landscape artchitecture firm attached to his home in Brookline. Eventually, his son took over the business. Now his home/office is a National Historic Site.

37Photos courtesy of Alan Banks at the Olmsted National Historic Site

This 1894 map shows the parks in the Emerald Necklace. It says: “Plan of portion of Park System form Common to Franklin Park including Charles River Basin, Charlesbank, Commonwealth Avenue, Back Bay Fens, Muddy River Improvement, Leverett Park, Jamaica Park, Arborway and Arnold Arboretum.”

This a 1937 map of the Back Bay Fens.

This aerial photograph of the Back Bay Fens shows how much of the water in the park has been taken over by the invasive wetland plant called Phragmites.

History

History

Landscapes take time to grow! These two pictures are taken at the same place along the Muddy River. The first picture shows the landscape right after the land was shaped to follow the design, and the second picture shows the landscape many years after the plants had time to grow. Olmsted preferred a winding river over a straight one because the twists and turns make people curious to see what is around the curve. A straight river wouldn’t be as interesting.

This picture shows the Museum of Fine Arts in the background behind the Kelleher Rose Garden. The Rose Garden was not in Olmsted’s original Design. It was added in 1930, when a more formal landscape style was popular.

38Photos courtesy of Alan Banks at the Olmsted National Historic Site

Field Guide Contributing Authors and Illustrators: Chane ArthurShyimel BrownCora BurwellKassandra ColonRachard DalePaola De La CruzCyndie Galvez

Mureille JeanJameel Jno-BaptisteYffka LavandDeneisha McDonaldJa’Hari OrtegaDestiny PerezElijah Rheddick

Angelize RiveraRyan RosadoCiara SandersIsaiah ThistleAndy VoAntoine White

Editors: Carolyn Lewenberg and Kangsen Feka WakaiLayout: Tiffany Gong and Carolyn LewenbergArtward Bound Director: Tracey Boler

Special thanks to:• Cecilia Mendez, Director, Center for Art and Community Partnerships, for generously supporting the printing of books, and for giving us access to the sparc! Artmobile resources.• Ekua Holmes, Community Coordinator, sparc! the ArtMobile, for scheduling workshops with us.• Carlos Byron, Artist, for teaching us calligraphy and that “Art is not a pastime, it is a profession.”• Spring 2012 Seminar I students, led by MassArt Assistant Professor Beth Balliro, for helping us focus our ideas and help us put them on paper. • Alan Banks, Supervisory Park Ranger, Olmsted National Historic site for his wonderful presentation about Olmsted and the history of the Fens.• India Clark, Curator of Education; Aimee DeBose, Assistant Professor; and Diana Clarke, Gallery Educator, for teaching us about Environmental Art in the MassArt Galleries.• Jonathan Santos, Assistant Professor, for giving Artward Bound students the opportunity to be contributing artists in the Garden Lab.• Jeanie Knox, Director of External Affairs at the Emerald Necklace Conservancy, and their Green Team, for sharing information with us about the Fens and invasive plants.• Paul Dobbs, Director and Greg Wallace, Public Services Librarian - Reference and Instruction, for helping us find resources in the MassArt Library.• Camilo Restrepo, for his help with photoshop.• Lydia See for her beautiful photographs. www.lydiasee.com

Credits

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References:

1. White, J.J. and Bruno, L.B. (2009). Botanicals: Environmental Expressions in Art : the Alisa and Isaac M. Sutton Collection : Catalogue of an Exhibition 23 October 2009-29 January 2010. Pittsburgh, PA: Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Carnegie Mellon University.

2. Martin, R., Thurstan, M., & Eden Project (St. Austell, E. (2008). Botanical illustration course: With the Eden Project. London: Batsford.

3. Oxley, Valerie. (2008). Botanical illustration. Ramsbury, England: Crowood Press.

4. Krutch, J. W. (1965). Herbal. New York: Putnam.

5. Cassie, Brian and Alden, Peter. (1998). National Audubon Society Field Guide to New England. Knopf.

6. http://www.ehow.com/info_8070210_crocus-bloom.html#ixzz1qLqsefvU

7. Lots of wikipedia

8. http://www.beechwoodtrees.co.uk/index.php/ts_ground_maintenance/2

9. http://voices.yahoo.com/the-incredible-edible-linden-tree-8534447.html

References

Photo credit above, and photos on back cover: Lydia See Photography: www.lydiasee.com

References:

1. White, J.J. and Bruno, L.B. (2009). Botanicals: Environmental Expressions in Art : the Alisa and Isaac M. Sutton Collection : Catalogue of an Exhibition 23 October 2009-29 January 2010. Pittsburgh, PA: Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Carnegie Mellon University.

2. Martin, R., Thurstan, M., & Eden Project (St. Austell, E. (2008). Botanical illustration course: With the Eden Project. London: Batsford.

3. Oxley, Valerie. (2008). Botanical illustration. Ramsbury, England: Crowood Press.

4. Krutch, J. W. (1965). Herbal. New York: Putnam.

5. Cassie, Brian and Alden, Peter. (1998). National Audubon Society Field Guide to New England. Knopf.

6. http://www.ehow.com/info_8070210_crocus-bloom.html#ixzz1qLqsefvU

7. Lots of wikipedia

8. http://www.beechwoodtrees.co.uk/index.php/ts_ground_maintenance/2

9. http://voices.yahoo.com/the-incredible-edible-linden-tree-8534447.html

Artward BoundMassachusetts College of Art and Design

621 Huntington AveBoston, MA 02118

(617) 879-7167