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AMERICA’S ARMY: THE STRENGTH OF THE NATION AMERICA’S ARMY: THE STRENGTH OF THE NATION

DRAFT DECK

Army Energy Program

Greg Kuhr Director Facilities and Logistics

Installation Management Command (IMCOM)

US Army

12 June 2012


QDR energy security discussion is consistent with Army approach and priorities

Energy Security – “assured access to reliable supplies of energy and the ability to protect and deliver sufficient energy to meet operational needs” DoD will

– promote investments in energy efficiency

– ensure that critical installations are adequately prepared for prolonged outages caused by natural disasters, accidents, or attacks

Balance energy production and transmission to preserve test and training ranges and operating areas needed to maintain readiness

Energy efficiency can serve as a force multiplier, because it increases the range and endurance of forces in the field and can reduce the number of combat forces diverted to protect energy supply lines…

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Quadrennial Defense Review February 2010

AMERICA’S ARMY: THE STRENGTH OF THE NATION

Army Energy in Perspective

• The Army manages both Installation & Operational Energy requirements

• The Army is largest facility energy consumer in the Federal Government – $1.3B (FY11)

• The Army spent $3.7B on liquid fuel purchases in FY11, a more than $1B increase over FY10, in part due to an increase in the cost to deliver liquid fuel in Afghanistan

Fort Carson Photovoltaic Array

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“Operational Energy equates exactly to operational capability” - General John Allen, Commander

United States Forces – Afghanistan, December 2011

“Improving our energy security directly translates to improving our national security.” - General

Martin Dempsey, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, October 2011


Soldier Basing Vehicles

Installation Tactical Non Tactical Contingency

Army Power and Energy

Framework

Operational Energy

Installation Energy

Net Zero Installations Contingency Basing

Smart & Green Energy Mini Grid Power Plants

Adv. Mobile Medium Power Sources Insulated Tents/Spray Foam

Renewable Energy Program Plan ARNG Energy Lab (Schools)

LED & Electroluminescent Lighting Shower Water Reuse System

Expeditionary Water Packaging Water From Air System

System Integration Lab - Ft Devens Solar, Wind, Geothermal Power

Rucksack Enhanced Portable Power

Expeditionary Energy

Soldier Power Manager

Nett Warrior

Tactical Fuels Manager Defense

Smart-Charging Micro Grids

Vehicle-to-Grid (Fort Carson, CO)

Alternative Fuels

Low Speed Electric Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Hybrid Truck Users Forum (TARDEC)

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

Improved Turbine Engine Program

Army Energy Security Initiatives

Energy Initiatives Task Force

Senior Energy & Sustainability Council

OSD Operational Energy Strategy

Net Zero Strategy

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Army Energy Program

● Change the Culture: Every Soldier a Power Manager

– Energy and Sustainability must be a consideration in all Army activities

– Foundation is energy conservation and low cost/no cost measures

– System wide approach for designing base camps to capture

efficiencies

● Drive Efficiency Across the Enterprise – Leverage public private financing to accelerate efficiency projects

– Implement technologies to significantly reduce energy footprint in the

field and on installations

● Build Resilience through Renewable/Alternative Energy – Diversify sources of energy to allow for continued operations during

energy disruptions

– Attract private investment to develop large scale renewable energy

projects

– Provide flexibility and resiliency by developing alternatives and

adaptable capabilities

● Science and Technology – Army’s future efforts depend on Science and Technology investments

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Facilities Energy

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Energy Reductions

• Army Facilities Energy investments are producing results

• Since FY03 the Army has reduced its energy consumption by

13.1% while total population on its installations has increased 20%

High Performance Building Standards

• Implemented the highest building standards in the Federal

Government, ASHRAE 189.1

• Building Energy Audits

Third Party Financing

• Army has most robust Energy Savings Performance Contract

(ESPC) program in entire Federal government.

• Expects to execute ~$800 million ESPC/UESCs in 2012 and 2013.

Non-Tactical Vehicle Fleet

• Actively managing fleet to reduce size and improve efficiency

• 8% reduction in fuel use in FY11

Energy Initiatives Task Force and Net Zero Initiative

• Renewable Energy Projects >10MW

• Net Zero – Identified 17 pilot installations

LEED Gold Brigade Combat Team

headquarters, Fort Carson, CO

AMERICA’S ARMY: THE STRENGTH OF THE NATION Non-Tactical Vehicles

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Ft. Dix Soldiers and Civilians turn in a

vehicle for a hybrid vehicle

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46

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FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11

MG

GE

Covered Petroleum Consumption

Total Consumption Target

Goal to reduce fleet petroleum consumption

Solution

• Reduce fleet size

• Right size vehicles

• Alternative fuel vehicles

Results

• Petroleum usage decreased 8.2% in FY11

• Fleet size – ~77,600 (~82,800 vehicles in FY09)

• Planned reductions of 5,000 per year FY12-14

• Right sizing – new vehicles more efficient that

those they replace

• Alternative fuel vehicles – Increased 57% FY09-

FY11

• Testing electric vehicle and vehicle to grid

(V2G) technology (Fort Carson)

Electric truck participating in

V2G test at Fort Carson


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Net Zero Hierarchy

A Net Zero ENERGY Installation is an

installation that produces as much energy on

site as it uses, over the course of a year.

A Net Zero WATER Installation limits the

consumption of freshwater resources and

returns water back to the same watershed so

not to deplete the groundwater and surface

water resources of that region in quantity or

quality.

A Net Zero WASTE Installation is an

installation that reduces, reuses, and

recovers waste streams, converting them to

resource values with zero solid waste to

landfill.

A Net ZERO INSTALLATION applies an

integrated approach to management of

energy, water, and waste to capture and

commercialize the resource value and/or

enhance the ecological productivity of land,

water, and air.

AMERICA’S ARMY: THE STRENGTH OF THE NATION Energy Initiatives Task Force

The EITF is producing a process for developing large-scale renewable energy projects that is

clear, consistent and transparent. This process will be described in a Renewable Energy

Project Development Guide that will detail the five phases of project development.

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CHALLENGE: Liquid Fuels + Generators = Energy on today’s battlefield

Operational Energy

FY09 NDAA Definition: “[T]he energy required for training, moving, and

sustaining military forces and weapons platforms for

military operations. The term includes energy used

by tactical power systems and generators and

weapons platforms.”

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1. Strategic: Petroleum resources increasingly concentrated

outside US sphere of influence Energy logistics limitations constrain National

Defense options

Energy in the Operational Hierarchy

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NDN

PAK GLOC

3. Tactical: Energy drives key operational capabilities such as maneuver,

awareness, communication, etc. One Soldier 72 hours: 7 types, 70 batteries, 16 lb Dismounted platoon for 72 hours: >400 lbs of batteries

2. Operational: 70-80% of resupply volume is fuel and water, limits

sustainment alternatives Fully Burdened Cost of Fuel ranges from $3.95 to as

high as $56/gal in Afghanistan.

World Energy Choke Points

1 Casualty/

46 Convoys

In OEF


QUESTIONS?

Energy Security – “assured access to reliable supplies of energy and the

ability to protect and deliver sufficient energy to meet operational needs” (QDR)

Our Soldiers Deserve Nothing Less!


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BACKUP


Army Energy Security

Implementation Strategy (AESIS)

Operational Energy - Initial Capabilities Document (ICD)

CENTCOM Operational Energy

Documents

Tactical Fuel and Energy

Implementation Plan

Army Power and Energy White Paper

1 Apr 10

13 Jan 09 21 Oct 11

13 Oct 10 19 Aug 10

24 Sep 10

22 Feb 11

19 Aug 10

13 Oct 10

Strategy into Action

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Strategy/Concepts Tasks/Objectives Campaign Objective 2.0

Provide Facilities, Programs & Services to Support the Army and Army Families

Major Objective 2-8: Institutionalize Contingency Basing

Campaign Objective 8.0

Improve Energy Security and Sustainability

Major Objective 8-2: Increase Operational Energy Effectiveness

Draft 14 Dec 11

Army Integration

&

TBP

Contingency Basing

Campaign Plan

Draft v0.2, 30 Jul 11

Army Operational Energy

Campaign Plan

Leader Development And Training

Change Culture

Subtasks

1. Increase Operational Effect

2. Reduce Consumption

3. Increase Efficiency

4. Expand Alternatives

5. Assure Access


U.S. Army Energy Consumption,

2011

25%

75%

42%

58%

Facilities

Vehicles & Equipment

(Tactical and Non-tactical)

Sources: Energy Information Agency, 2009 Annual Energy Review; Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports submitted to DOE's Federal Energy

Management Program (Preliminary FY 2009)

35%

65%

DoD

80%

Army

21%

Federal

Gov 1%

Federal Government United States Department of Defense

U.S. = 94,578 Trillion Btu DoD = 880 Trillion Btu Fed Gov = 1,096 Trillion Btu U.S. Army = 190 Trillion Btu

FY10 Snapshot - $2.7B Operational Energy Costs

- $1.2 B Facility Energy Costs

- +64% fuel costs in Afghanistan - not counting cost to deliver and secure


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Army Energy Consumption

Sources: Defense Science Board. More Fight – Less Fuel (February 2008); Department of the Army FY07 Annual Energy Management Report (December 2007)

Army Energy Requirements are Driven by Mission Requirements

Army Force Moves

1

From

Theatre

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2

4

3

5

From

Europe

Future •Expanding/closing bases

•Bringing soldiers home

•Additional training for the

Guard and Reserve

Present

Current Army

Force Structure