armenian genocide - hrwstf.org · web viewarmenian genocide. dates: april 24, 1915 – 1923....
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Major Genocides of the 20th and 21st Centuries Fact SheetArmenian Genocide
Dates: April 24, 1915 1923
Location: The Ottoman Empire
Victims: Ethnic Armenians
Number killed: 1.5 million
Number of refugees or IDPs: 810,000
Cause: Rise of Ethnic Nationalism following the overthrow of the Ottoman Sultan
Nations/Organizations that tried to stop the genocide: None
Perpetrators: The Committee of Union and Progress aka Young Turks
Brought to justice?: No
Cambodian Genocide
Dates: April 17, 1975January 7, 1979
Location: Cambodia, South East Asia
Victims: Intellectuals, educated people, professionals, monks, religious enthusiasts, Buddhists, Muslims, Christians, ethnic Chinese, Vietnamese, Thai, and Cambodians with Chinese, Vietnamese or Thai ancestry
Number killed: 2 million
Number of refugees or IDPs: Several hundred thousand
Cause: Khmer Rouge desire for a socially, politically, economically, and intellectually equal society
Nations/Organizations that tried to stop the genocide: Vietnam
Perpetrators: The Khmer Rouge
Brought to justice?: 3 people were tried in the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia
The Holocaust
Dates: January 30, 1933* November 20, 1945
*Hitlers rise to power, beginning of anti-Semitism
Location: Europe
Victims: Jews, Gypsies, Poles, communists, homosexuals, Soviet POWs, and the mentally and physically disabled.
Number killed: 11 million (6 million Jews)
Number of refugees or IDPs: unknown
Cause: Anti-Semitism and Aryanism
Nations/Organizations that tried to stop the genocide: Allied Powers (USA, UK, Soviet Union)
Perpetrators: The Nazi Party
Brought to justice? 24 individuals and 6 Nazi organizations were tried at the Nuremberg Trials
Darfur Conflict
Dates: April 2003 present*
*A Comprehensive Peace Agreement was signed in 2006 and Sudanese president declared the war over in 2010, however, attacks continue today.
Location: Darfur region of Sudan, Africa
Victims: Non-Arabs, Black Sudanese, Christians and Pagans
Number killed: 400,000
Number of refugees or IDPs: 6.9 million
Cause: Sudanese government wants Sudan to be a true Arab country, desertification, famine, lack of resources
Nations/Organizations that tried to stop the genocide: UN Peacekeepers, dozens of humanitarian relief organizations
Perpetrators: Sudanese government, Janjaweed militia
Brought to justice?: No. The International Criminal Court has issued an outstanding warrant for Sudanese President, Omar Al-Bashir.
Bosnian Genocide
Dates: April 1992 December 1995
Location: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Europe
Victims: Primarily Bosnian Muslims (65% Muslims, 22% Serbs, 8% Croats, and 5% Others)
Number killed: Over 100,000 (between 130,000 and 150,000)
Number of refugees or IDPs: Tens of thousands
Cause: Breakup of Yugoslavia and desire for securing parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina as Serbian and Croatian territories
Nations/Organizations that tried to stop the genocide: NATO, UN, EU, USA
Perpetrators: Bosnian Serbs supported by Serbian government of Slobodan Milosevic and Yugoslav Army and Bosnian Croat forces (HVO) supported by the Croatian
Brought to justice?: 133 people have been charged at the International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia
Rwandan Genocide
Dates: April 6 July 1994 (100 days)
Location: Rwanda, Africa
Victims: Ethnic Tutsis
Number killed: 800,000
Number of refugees or IDPs: 2 million
Cause: Longstanding ethnic tension. Fighting had already started when the Hutu Rwandan president was killed. No one knows who shot down his plane, but his death sparked Hutu outrage and the genocide of Tutsis in retaliation.
Nations/Organizations that tried to stop the genocide: No. UN Peacekeepers were on the ground but could not help any Rwandan under attack.
Perpetrators: Ethnic Hutu extremists
Brought to justice?: 93 people have been charged in the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda