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Are LEDs Ready? An Update from CALiPER Testing

Ruth Taylor Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Greenbuild 2011 Toronto, ON, CANADA

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DOE SSL Support Programs

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Why CALiPER Testing?

• Provides objective, high quality performance information

• Helps industry understand performance of market available products

• Informs industry test procedures and standards development

• Helps discourage low quality products • Reduces SSL market risk due to buyer

dissatisfaction from products that do not perform as claimed

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• SSL • General

illumination • White light • Market-available • Purchased

anonymously (no ‘hero’ products)

CALiPER Scope

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Finding Products

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• Product selection & acquisition • Multiple independent test labs • Assembly and analysis of

results – Courtesy sharing of results with

manufacturers – Retesting options

• Publication of results – Summary reports – Detailed test reports – Analyses and studies

• “No Commercial Use” Policy Photo credit: Luminaire Testing Laboratory

Testing Process

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• Basic photometry (following IESNA LM-79) – Integrating Sphere and Goniophotometer

• Luminaire light output, efficacy • Color qualities (spectral power distribution,

CCT, CRI) • Beam characteristics and intensity distributions • Electrical measurements, thermal

characteristics – Benchmarking (other light sources)

• Other, non-standardized testing – “In Situ” Testing (relative measurements)

• Environmental chamber • Insulated ceiling, recessed can

– Lumen depreciation testing • Draws from IESNA LM-80

– Exploratory testing • Thermal imaging, dimming…

Photo credit: Independent Testing Laboratory

Types of Testing

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Data Analysis

Performance compared to incumbent technology

• light output • distribution • energy use (efficacy) • color

Performance compared to manufacturer claims

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Testing ‘Rounds’

• Round 13: high-bays, wall packs, 2x2 troffers (October 2011) • Round 12: downlights, track lights, A-lamps, SSL replacements for linear fluorescent lamps, and cove lights. (June

2011) • Round 11: roadway arm-mount and post-top luminaires, linear replacement lamps, high-bay luminaires, and small

replacement lamps. (October 2010) • Round 10: parking structure luminaires, outdoor wallpack luminaires, cove lighting luminaires, and replacement

lamps. (May 2010) • Round 9: recessed downlights, linear replacement lamps, smaller replacement lamps, and a desk lamp. (October

2009) • Round 8: replacement lamps, downlights and track lights, undercabinet fixtures, and outdoor fixtures. (July 2009) • Round 7: outdoor area and streetlights, downlights, and replacement lamps. ( January 2009) • Round 6: small replacement lamps (MR16, A-lamps, and candelabra lamps), desk lamps, a downlight, a recessed

wall fixture, and two different types of outdoor lighting products. (September 2008) • Round 5: linear, A-lamp, and MR16 replacement lamps, downlights, desk/task lamps, undercabinet lighting, and

outdoor lighting. (May 2008) • Round 4: T8, MR16, and candelabra replacement lamps, downlights, desk/task lamps, and undercabinet and

outdoor lighting. (January 2008) • Round 3: directional and A-lamp replacement lamps, downlights, task lamps, and outdoor fixtures. ( October 2007) • Round 2: R30 and A-lamp replacement lamps, downlights, desk/task lamps, outdoor wall lighting, and refrigerated

display lighting. (August 2007) • Round 1: downlights, desk/task lamps, and undercabinet, outdoor area, and surface mount lighting. (March 2007) • Pilot Round: downlights, a task light, and undercabinet lighting. (December 2006)

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CALiPER Testing to Date

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Progression of performance

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For SSL, ‘Can’ ≠ ‘Does’

• Some products do

– Perform very well – Meet manufacturer specifications – Beat other, existing technologies

• Many products on the market today don’t

– Perform as well as LED technology can – Meet manufacturer claims – Beat existing alternatives

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CALiPER Testing Latest Round

Recent luminaires tested – High-bay – Wallpacks – 2 x 2 troffers

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Design Lights Consortium (DLC)

• DLC members include utilities and energy-efficiency programs throughout the United States

• DLC members have been asked by customers and suppliers to provide incentives for solid-state lighting (SSL) fixtures, most of which are NOT ENERGY STAR labeled.

• The DLC members intend to ensure that only high-quality, high-performance, tested and verified LED products will be eligible for rebates participating programs.

• The Qualified Products List (QPL) is a list of qualifying products for use in DLC member energy efficiency programs. Members plan to use this list of eligible products to respond to customers or to direct them to products that meet their requirements.

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Round 13 – High-bays

Initial light output and efficacy of high-bay luminaires

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Round 13 – High-bays

Polar plots through the plane of maximum intensity

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Round 13 - Wallpacks

Initial light output and efficacy

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Round 13 - Wallpacks

Polar plots through the plane of maximum intensity

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Round 13 – 2 x 2 Troffers

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Round 13 – 2 x 2 Troffers

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Round 13 – 2 x 2 Troffers

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• CALiPER reports – Summary reports

– Detailed listings

– Benchmark Reports

– Roundtable proceedings

– Exploratory studies

www.ssl.energy.gov/caliper.html

CALiPER Resources

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• SSL Quality Advocates – Lighting Facts

• Design Competitions – L Prize – Next Generation Luminaires

• Standards Development – Coordination with IES, NEMA, UL, NIST, ANSI, etc.

• GATEWAY Demonstrations – A variety of projects incorporating SSL technology

• Municipal Solid-State Street Lighting Consortium – Draft Model Performance Specification

• Technical Information Network (TINSSL) – SSL Webcasts and Fact Sheets

Additional DOE SSL Resources

www.ssl.energy.gov/market.html