Arduino-Based Patient SimulatorRea R., Matt V., Tyler B., Ishita J.

Arduino-Based Patient SimulatorRea Rostosky, Matt Venard, Tyler Brann, Ishita Jain

Mentors: Mr. Tommy Roussel & Dr. Darren Brey

What is a Patient Simulator?

http://www.healthcare.philips.comhttp://www.flukebiomedical.com

Generated Physiological

Signal with Known Characteristics

Patient Simulator Patient Monitor

Patient

Current Patient SimulatorsExpensive Limited Functionality

Fluke ProSim 8$1014

Pronk® SL-8 SimSlim®$1495

http://www.pronktech.comhttp://www.flukebiomedical.com

http://www.heinstruments.com/

HE Instruments$240

Currently used in UofL Bioinstrumentation Lab!

• High Functionality for Low Costo Who doesn't want that?

• Arduino Platformo Open source

• Standalone/Portable• Mass producible

o Mostly off the shelf parts

Design Importance / Benefits

http://designbuddy.com/how-to-avoid-cheap-logo-design

http://arduino.cc/

Intended Users

Users Purpose Served by DeviceBioinstrumentation Students

physiological signal generation

Device Developers/Researchers

testing of device prototypes

Medical Technicians calibration in hospital settings

Medical Professionals in Developing Nations

calibration in rural settings

Design Criteria

• < $50• EKG, Blood Pressure, Respiration, & Temperature

Signals • Handheld• Standalone (Battery Powered)• Simple User Interface• Compatible with Various Patient Monitors

Design Timeline

http://www.gettyicons.comhttp://www.arduino.cc

V.2

V.3V.4

V.1

DAQ

2nd Order RC Filter

Coding

• Adapted code to disable built-in interrupt in PWM digital signal

• Converting to hexadecimal and acquiring appropriate sample rate

• Incorporating user interface o LCD and push buttons

http://www.hdwallpapersdepot.com

Design Solution

http://www.cooking-hacks.comhttp://www.sainsmart.comhttp://www.alkalinebatteries.ushttp://www.usbgeek.com

Available Signals1. Normal EKG2. Bradycardia3. Tachycardia4. Ventricular Bigeminy5. Slow Alternating Ventricular Bigeminy6. Rapid Alternating Ventricular Bigeminy7. Bidirectional Systoles8. Arterial Blood Pressure9. Normal Resting Respiration10.Obstructed Respiration11.Hypoventilation12.Temperature (37oC)

Testing Data

• Verificationo Filter must have a cut-off of 7.0 +/- 0.5 kHz (76.9 +/- 6.2

dB)o Approx. 5x larger than highest frequency we output

• Difficulty in validation

http://statistically-funny.blogspot.com

Benefits of This DesignMarket Patient Simulators Needed Notes

Biomedical Engineering Programs

3500 514 programs nationwide totaling approximately 9800 students

Biotech Engineering Programs

2500 181 programs nationwide totaling approximately 6900 students

Developing Nations (via DWB)

1000 22,000 doctors, nurses, logisticians, and other medical staff serving and treating over 8,500,000 patients in 67 countries

Future Device Improvements

• Powero On/Off Switcho Casing (Battery Access)

• Scrollo ...delay

• Digital Pin 6• EKG Leads

o The more the merrier

Clipart by 3poD - http://clipartof.com/16379

Future Device Direction

Projected Growth by 2014Market Simulators

NeededIncome (at $125 per simulator)

Manufacturing Cost (at $35 per

simulator)

Total Revenue

Biomedical Engineering Programs

5200 $650,000 $182,000 $468,000

Biotech Engineering Programs

3700 $462,500 $129,500 $333,000

Developing Nations (via DWB)

1250 $156,250 $43,750 $112,500

Total 10150 $1,268,750 $355,250 $913,500

http://www.theiia.org/intAuditor/media/images/forward.png

Conclusions

• Functional Arduino-Based Patient Simulatoro 12 available signalso LCD/button user interfaceo Versatile banana clip outputso Standalone, Powered by 9 volt alkaline battery

• Total Component Cost of Final Simulator: ~$35

Lessons Learned• Breadboarding• PCB & Casing Fabrication• Arduino Coding• Improved Oscilloscope

Proficiency• Project Management• Troubleshooting

....and how to make PIE!

AcknowledgementsUniversity of Louisville, Department of Bioengineering

• Mentors - Mr. Tommy Roussel, Dr. Darren Brey, and Dr. Andre Gobin

• Preliminary PCB Design - Dr. Martin O'Toole

• PCB Fabrication - Doug Jackson

• Acrylic Casing Fabrication - Scott Cambron

• Ordering Components - Connie Yorkhttps://louisville.edu/speed/bioengineering/faculty/smallervitruveanguysmallcopy.gif/image_mini