architectural appraisal on tajmahal for indian institute of architects examination(part-2)

8/8/2019 Architectural Appraisal On Tajmahal for INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS EXAMINATION(PART-2)

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Izd`f}kd}{zil Issziftil

Bo]`k ]ie Hi`il

I Sbk}zv Fo Izd`f}kd}{zk

Dbo}ko}t

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Idnobwlkmgkhko}tHv tfodkzk }`iont }b hv g{fmk

Iz/ Tiomkks SiomkvWf}` b{} w`btk g{fmiodk

]`ft issziftilWb{lm

Ob} `iqk tkkoLfg`} ba }`k miv/

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BZFGFOT IOM IZD@F]KD][ZK BA ]@K ]@K ]IEHI@IL

]`k ]ie Hiìl ( " }h ` l">@fom{t}iof szbo{odfi}fbo5 ^}im hlX >Skztfio"[zm{5 & ft i hi{tblk{h

lbdi}km fo Igzi, Fomfi, j{fl} jv H{gìl

khskzbz Tì` Eiìo fo hkhbzv ba `ft

aiqbzf}k wfak, H{h}iu Hiìl/]`k ]ie Hiìl (iltb *}`k ]ie*& ft dbotfmkzkm }`k afokt}

kpihslk ba H{gìl izd`f}kd}{zk, i t}vlk }ì} dbhjfokt

klkhko}t azbh Ftlihfd, Fomfio iom Skztfio izd`f}kd}{zil

t}vlkt/^9X ^:X

Fo 9604, }`k ]ie Hiìl jkdihk i [OKTDB Wbzlm

@kzf}igk Tf}k/ Fo i szbekd} }ì} i}}khs}km }b {smi}k }`kTkqko Wbomkzt ba }`k Iodfko} Wbzlm, sbs{lizf}v sbll

wit lkm jv Dioimfio Twftt Jkzoizm Wkjkz iom

bzgiofukm jv }`k Twftt jitkm, gbqkzohko}

dbo}zbllkm Okw7Wbomkzt

Ab{omi}fbo dbotfmkzkm ]ie Hiìl }b jk bok ba }`k szktko} okwtkqko wbomkzt ba }`k wbzlm/

W`flk }`k w`f}k mbhkm hizjlkhi{tblk{h f t f}t hbt} aihflfiz dbhsboko}, }`k ]ie Hiìlf t id}{ i llvio fo}kgzi}kmdbhslkp ba t}z{d}{zkt/ J{flmfogjkgio izb{om914: iom wit dbhslk}kmizb{om 91;4,io m khslbvkm}`b{tiomtbaiz}ftiot iom dzia}thko/]`k dbot}z{d}fbo ba }`k]ie Hiìl wit ko}z{t}km }b i jbizmba izd`f}kd}t {omkz fhskzfilt{skzqftfbo fodl{mfog Ijm {l Nizfh Hi'h{zNìo, Hinzihi} Nìo, iom [t}im I ` h i m Li` i{zf / Liì{zf ftgkokzillv dbotfmkzkm }b jk }`k szfodfsil mktfgokz/

BZFGFO IOM FOTSFZI]FBO

T i` Ei io, w b dbhhfttfbokm } k ]ie Hi il *T i` ei io bo i glbjk* Iz}ft}fd mksfd}fbo H{h}iu Hi il

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]`k hi{tblk{h ba }`k ]ie Hiìl


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Fo 9149, Tì` Eiìo, khskzbzm{zfog }`k H{gìl khsfzk't skzfbm ba gzki}kt} szbtskzf}v, wit gzfka t}zfdnko w}`fzm wfak, H{h}iu Hiìl, mfkmm{zfog }`k jfz}` ba }`kfzab{z}kko}` d`flm, Gi{ìzi Jkg{h/ Dbot}z{d}fbo ba }`k ]Hiìl jkgio fo 914:, bok vkiz ia}kz `kz mki}`/]`k db{z}d`zbofdlkt ba Tì` Eiìo't gzfka fll{t}zi}k }`k lbqk t}bzv}zimf}fboillv `klm it io fotsfzi}fbo abz ]ie Hiìl/ ]`kszfodfsil hi{tblk{h w it dbhslk}km fo 91=0 iom }`kt{zzb{omfog j{flmfogt iom gizmko wkzk afoft`km afqk vkiztli}kz/ Khskzbz TìE i ` io `fhtkla mktdzfjkm }`k ]ie fo

}`ktk wbzmt5

T`b{lm g{fl}v tkkn itvl{h`kzk, Lfnk bok sizmbokm,

@k jkdbhkt azkk azbh tfo/T`b{lm i tfookz hink `ftwiv }b }`ft hiotfbo,Ill `ft sit} tfot izk }bjk wit`km iwiv/]`k tfg`} ba }`ft hiotfbodzki}kt tbzzbwfog tfg`t>Iom }`k t{o iom }`k hbbot`km }kizt azbh }`kfz kvkt/Fo }`ft wbzlm }`ft kmfafdkìt jkko himk>]b mftsliv }`kzkjv}`k dzki}bz't glbzv/

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] `k ] i e Hiìl fodbzsbzi}kt iom kpsiomt bo mktfgo }zimf}fbot ba Skztfio izd`f}kd}{zk iomkizlfkz H{gì l izd`f}kd}{zkTskdfafdfotsfzi}fbo dihk azbh t{ddktta{l ]fh{zfm iom H{gìl j{flmfogt fodl{mfog> }`k G{z k Ihfz (}`k ]fh{z, szbgkof}bz ba }`k H {gìl mvoit}v, fo Tihizniom&, @{hiv{o't ]bhj, F}him [m Mi{li` ' t ]bhj(tbhk}fhkt dillkm }`k Jijv ]ie&, iom Tì` Eiìo't bwo Eihi Hitefm fo Mkl`f/ W`flk kizlfkz H{gìlj { f lmfogt wkzkszfhizflvdbot}z{d}km ba zkm t iomt}bok, T` i ` Eiìo szbhb}km }`k {tk ba w`f}k hizj lk foli fm wf}` tkhf

t}bokt, iom j{flmfogt {omkz ft si}zboigk zkid`km okw lkqklt ba zkafokhko}/

IZD@F]KD][ZK

]@K ]BHJ]`k dko}zil abd{t ba }`k dbhslkp ft }`k }bhj/ ]`ft lizgk, w`f}k hizjlk t}z{d}{zk t}iomt bo i ty{izk

slfo}` iom dbotft}t ba i tvhhk}zfdil j{flmfog wf}` io fwio (io izd` tìskm mbbzwiv& }bsskm jv i

lizgk mbhk iom afofil/ Lfnk hbt} H{gìl }bhjt, }`k jitfd klkhko}t izk Skztfio fo bzfgfo/

]`k jitk t}z{d}{zk ft kttko}fillv i lizgk, h{l}f dìhjkzkm d{jk wf}`d` ih akzkm dbzokz t , abzhfog io { oky{ i l bd} igbo } ` i} f t i s szbpfh i}k lv

; ; hk}zkt (903a}& bo kid` ba }`k ab{z lbog tfmkt/ Bo kid` ba }`ktktfmkt, i `{gk sft`}iy, bz qi{l}km izd`wiv, azihkt }`kfwio wf}`}wbtfhflizlv t ` iskm,izd`km jildbofkt t}idnkm bo kf}`kz tfmk/ ]`ft hb}fa bat}idnkm sft`}iyt f t zkslfdi}km bo }`k dìh akzkm dbzokz izkit , h infog}`k mktfgo dbh slk}klv tvhh k}zfdil bo ill tfmkt ba }`k j{flmfog/ Ab{zhfoizk}t azihk }`k }bhj , bok i} kid` dbzokz ba }`k slfo}` aidfog }`kd ì h ak zk m d bzo kzt /]`k hifo dìhjkz `b{tkt }` k ailtk t izdbsìgfba

]`k ]ie Hiìl tkko azbh }`k jiont ba zfqkzH{h }iu Hiì l iom Tì ` Eiìo> }`k id}{il gziqkt izk i} i lbwkz lkqkl/Vih{oi

] `k h i zj lk m bh k}ì} t{zhb{o}t }`k }bhj ft }`kh bt} tskd}id{liz aki}{zk/ F}t `kfg`} baizb{om 4;hk}zkt (99; a}&fti jb{ } }`k t ih k i t }`k lkog}` ba }`k j i tk , iom f t iddko }{i}km i t f} t f}t bo i dvlfomzfdi l *mz{h * w`fd` f t zb

7 hk}zkt ( :4 a}&fg` / Jkdi{tkba f}t tìsk, }` k mbhkft ba}ko dillkmio bofbo mbhk bz ihz{m (g{iqi mbh k&/ ]`k }bsft mkdbzi}kmwf} i lb}{t mktfgo,w`fdìltb tkzqkt}b iddko}{i}kf}t `kfg`}/ ]`k tìskba } `k mbhkf t khs` i t f tkmjvab{z thillkz mbhkm dì}}zft (nfbtnt& slidkm i} f}t dbzokzt, w`fd` zkslfdi}k }`k bofbo tìsk ba }`k hifo mbhk/ ]`kfz

db l{hokmj i tkt bsko }`zb{g` }`k zbba ba }`k }bhjiom szbqfmk lfg`} }b }`kfo}kzfbz/ ] i l l mkdbz i} fqktsfzkt (g{lmit}it&kp}kom azbhkmgkt bajitk willt, iom szbqfmk qft{ilkhs` i t f t }b } `k `k fg`} ba } `k mbhk/]`k lb}{t hb}fa ft zkski}kmbo jb}` }` k dì}}zft iom g{lmit}it/ ]`k mbhk iomdì}}zft izk }bsskm jvi gflmkm afofil, w`fd`hfpkt }zimf}fboilSkztfio iom @fom{ mkdbzi}fqk klkhko}t/

]`k hifo afofil wit bzfgfoillv himk ba gblm j{} wit zkslidkmjv i dbsv himk ba gflmkm jzbouk fo }`kkizlv 96}`dko}{zv/ ]`ft aki}{zk szbqfmkt idlkiz k p i h s l kba fo}kgzi}fboba }zimf}fboil Skztfio iom @fom{ mkdbzi}fqk klk]`k afofil ft }bsskm jv i hbbo,i }vsfdil Ftlihfd hb}fa w`btk`bzot sbfo} `kiqkowizm/ Jkdi{tk ba f}t slidkhko} bo}`k hi fo ts fzk, }`k `bzot ba }`k hbboiom }`kafofilsbfo} dbhjfok }bdzki}k i }zfmko} t ` isk, zkhfoftdko} ba}zimf}fboil@fom{ tvhjbl ba T@FQI/ /

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]`k hfoizk}t, w`fd` izk kid` hbzk }ìo =3 hk}zkt (943 a}& }ill, mftsliv }`k mktfgokz't skodìo} abz tvhhk}zv/ ]`kv

wkzk mktfgokm it wbznfog hfoizk}t i }zimf}fboil klkhko} ba hbty{kt, {tkm jv }`k h{kuufo }b dill }`k Ftlihfd aif}à{l }b

szivkz/ Kid` hfoizk} ft kaakd}fqklv mfqfmkm fo}b }`zkk ky{il siz}t jv }wb wbznfog jildbofkt }ì} zfog }`k

}bwkz/ I} }`k }bs ba }`k }bwkz ft i afoil jildbov t{zhb{o}km jv i dì}}zf }ì} hfzzbzt }`k mktfgo ba }`btk bo }`k

}bhj/ ]`k dì}}zft ill tìzk } `k tihk mkdbzi}fqk klkhko}t ba i l b}{t mktfgo }bsskm jv i gflmkm afofil/ ]`k hfoizk}t

wkzk dbot}z{d}km tlfg`}lv b{}tfmk ba }`k slfo}` tb }ì}, fo }`k kqko} ba dbllistk, (i }vsfdil bdd{zzkodk wf}` hiov }ill

dbot}z{d}fbot ba }`k skzfbm& }`k hi}kzfil azbh } `k }bwkzt wb{lm }kom }b aill iwiv azbh }`k }bhj/

Jitk, mbhk, Afofil Hifo fwio iom tfmk sft` }iyt Tfhslfafkm mfigzihiom hfoizk} ba }`k ]ie Hiìl

albbz slio

KP]KZFBZ MKDBZI]FBO]`k kp}kzfbz mkdbzi}fbot ba }`k ]ie Hiìl izk ihbog }`k afokt} }b jk ab{omfo H{gìl izd`f}kd}{zk/ It }`k t{zaidk izki dìogkt }`k mkdbzi}fbot izkzkafokm szbsbz}fboillv/ ]`k mkdbzi}fqk klkhko}t wkzk dzki}km jv isslvfogsifo}, t}{ddb, t}bok folivt, bz dizqfogt/ Fo lfok wf}` }`k Ftlihfd szb`fjf}fboigifot} }`k {tk ba io}`zbsbhbzs fd abzht, }`k mkdbzi}fqk klkhko}t dio jkgzb{skm fo}b kf}`kz dillfgzis`v, ijt}zid} abzht bz qkgk}i}fqk hb}fat/

]`zb{g`b{} }`k dbhslkp, sittigkt azbh }`k Y{z'io izk {tkm it mkdbzi}fqk

klkhko}t/ Zkdko} td`blizt`fs t{ggkt}t }ì} }`k sittigkt wkzk d`btko jv

Ihioi} Nìo/ ]`k }kp}t zkakz }b }`khkt ba e{mghko} iom fodl{mk5

T{zi 69 ]`k T{oT{zi 99: ]`k S{zf}v ba Aif}`T{zi` 06 MivjzkinT{zi` 64 Hbzofog Lfg }T{zi 6; ]`k AfgT{zi` 6= ]`k TblidkT{zi 41 Vi TfoT{zi` 09 ]`k Ablmfog [sT{zi 0: ]`k Dlkiqfog It{omkzT{zi 0= ]`k Zkomfog It{omkzT{zi` 60 ]`k Kqfmkodk

T{zi` 17 MbhfofboT{zi` =0 Qfd}bzvT{zi 77 ]`btk Tko} Abz}`T{zi` 46 ]`k Dzbwmt

Dillfgzis`v bo lizgk

sft`}iy

]`k dillfgzis`v bo }`k Gzki} Gi}k zkimt *B Tb{l, }`b{ iz} i} zkt}/ Zk}{zo }b }`k Lbzm i} skidk wf}` @fh, iom @k i} skidk wf}` vb{/*

]`k dillfgzis`v wit dzki}km jv i dillfgzis`kz oihkm Ijm {l @iy, fo 9136/ Tì` Eiìo dboakzzkm }`k }f}lk ba *Ihioi}

Nìo* {sbo `fh it i zkwizm abz `ft *miuulfog qfz}{btf}v*/Okiz }`k lfokt azbh }`k Y{z'io i} }`k jitk ba }`k fo}kzfbz

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mbhk ft }`k fotdzfs}fbo, *Wzf}}ko jv }`k fotfgofafdio} jkfog, Ihioi} Nìo T`fziuf/*H{d` ba }`k dillfgzis`v

ft dbhsbtkm ba albzfm }`{l{}` tdzfs}, himk ba eitskz bz jlidn hizjlk folifm fo w`f}k hizjlk sioklt/ @fg`kz

sioklt izk wzf}}ko fo tlfg`}lv lizgkz tdzfs} }b zkm{dk }`k tnkwfog kaakd} w`ko qfkwkm azbh jklbw/ ]`k

dillfgzis`v ab{om bo }`k hizjlk dkob}is`t fo }`k }bhj ft siz}fd{lizlv mk}iflkm iom mklfdi}k/

Ijt}zid} abzht izk {tkm }`zb{g`b{},ktskdfillv fo }`k slfo}`, hfoizk}t, gi}kwiv, hbty{k, eiwij iom, }b i lkttkkp}ko}, b o }`k t{zaidkt ba }`k }bhj/]`k mbhkt iom qi{l}t ba }`k tiomt}bok j{flmfogt izk wbznkm wf}` }zidkzfodftkm sifo}fog }b dzki}k klijbzi}kgkbhk}zfd abzht/ @kzzfogjbok folivt mkafok}`k ts idk jk}wkko hiov ba }`kimebfofog klkhko}t/ W`f}k folivt izk {tkm fo tiomt}bok j{flmfogt, iom mizn b z jlidn folivt bo }`k w`f}Hbz}izkm izkit ba }`k hizjlk j{flmfogt ìqk jkko t}ifokm bz sifo}km fo i dbo}zit}fog dblb{z, dzki}fog gkbhk}zfd

si}}kzot ba dbotfmkzijlk dbhslkpf}v/ Albbzt iom wilnwivt {tk dbo}zit}fog }flkt bz jlbdnt fo }kttklli}fbo si}}kzot/

Bo }`k lbwkz willt ba }`k }bhj }`kzk izk w`f}k hizjlk mimbt }ì} ìqk jkko td{ls}km wf}` zkilft}fdjit zklfka mksfd}fbot ba albwkzt iom qfokt/ ]`k hizjlk ìt jkko sblft`km }b khsìtftk }`k kpy{ftf}kmk}iflfog ba }`k dizqfogt iom }`k mimb azihkt iom izd`wiv tsiomzklt ìqk jkko mkdbzi}km wf}`sfk}zi m{zi folivt ba `fg`lv t}vlftkm, ilhbt} gkbhk}zfd qfokt, albwkzt iom az{f}t/ ]`k foliv t}bokt izkba vkllbw hizjlk, eitskz iom eimk, sblft`km iom lkqklkm }b }`k t{zaidk ba }`k willt/

@kzzfogjbok Slio} Tsiomzkl mk}ifl Fodftkm sifo}foghb}fat

Zkalkd}fqk }flkt obzhil kpsbt{zk Zkalkd}fqk }flkt {omkz kpsbtkm

FO]KZFBZ MKDBZI]FBO

]`k fo}kzfbz dìhjkz ba }`k ]ie Hiìl t}kst aiz jkvbom }zimf}fboil

mkdbzi}fqk klkhko}t/@kzk, }`k foliv wbzn ft ob} sfk}zi m{zi j{}lisfmizv baszkdfb{t iom tkhfszkdfb{tgkht}bokt/ ]`k fookzdìhjkzft io bd}igbo wf}` }`k mktfgo illbwfog abz ko}zv azbh kid` aidk,

i l}`b{g`bolv}`k tb{}` gizmko aidfog mbbz ft {tkm/ ]`k fo}kzfbz wi llti zk i jb{}:; hk}zkt (0: a}& `fg` iom}bsskm jv i *ailtk* fo}kzfbz mbhkmkdbzi}km wf}` i t{o hb}fa/ Kfg`} sft`}iy izd`kt mkafok }`k tsidk i}

gzb{om lkqkl iom, it wf}` }`k kp}kzfbz, kid` lbwkz sft`}iy ft dzbwokmjv i tkdbom sft`}iy ijb{} hfmwiv {s }`k will/ ]`k ab{z dko}zil {sskz

izd`kt abzh jildbofkt bz qfkwfog izkit, iom kid` jildbov't kp}kzfbzwfombw ìt io fo}zfdi}k tdzkko bz eilf d{} azbh hizjlk/ Fo immf}fbo }b

}`k lfg`} azbh }`k jildbov tdzkkot, ko}kzt }`zb{g` zbba bskofogt/ Eilf tdzkko t{zzb{omfog }`k dkob}is`t

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w`fd` izk dbqkzkm jv dì}}zft i} }`k dbzokzt/ Kid` dìh jkz will ì tjkko `fg `lv mkdbzi}km w f}` mimb jit zklfka, fo}zfdi}k lisfmizv foliv iomzkafokm dillfgzis`v s ioklt, zkalkd}fog fo h fofi}{zk mk}ifl }`k mk tfgoklkhko}t tkko }`zb{g`b{} }`k kp }kzfbz ba }`k dbh slkp/ ]`k bd}igboilhizjlk tdzkko bz eilf w`fd` jbzmkzt }`k dkob}is` t ft him k azbh kfg`}hizjlk sio klt w`fd` ìqk jkko dizqkm }`zb{g` wf}` fo}zfdi}k sfkzdkwbzn/ ]`k zkhifofog t{zaidkt ìqk jkko folifm fo kp}zkhklv mklfdi}kmk}ifl wf}` tkhfszkdfb{t t}bokt abzh fog }wfofog qfokt, az{f}t iomalbwkzt/

H{tlfh }zimf}fbo abzjfmt klijbzi}k mkdbzi}fbo ba g ziqkt iom `ko dk]bhjt ba Tì` Eiìo iom H{h}iu HiìlH{h}iu io m Tì` Eiìo izk lifm fo i zkli}fqklv slifo dzvs} jkoki}` }`k

fookz dìhj kz wf}` }`kfz aidkt }{zokm zfg`} iom }bwizmt Hkd di/H{h }iu Hiì l 't dkob}is` ft slidkm i} }`k szkdftk dko}kz ba }`k fookzdìh jkz bo i zkd}iog{liz hizjlk ji tk b a 9/; hk}zkt (= a} 99 fo& jv: / ; hk}zkt (0 a} : fo&/ Jb}` }`k jitk iom ditnk} izk klijbzi}klvfolifmwf}` szkdfb{t iom tkhfszkdfb{t gkht/ Dillfgzis`fd fotdzfs}fbot bo }`k

ditnk} fmko}fav iom sziftk H{h}iu/ Bo }`k lfm ba }`k ditnk} ft i ziftkm

zkd}iog{liz lbukogk hkio} }b t{ggkt} i wzf}fog }ijlk}/ Tì` Eiìo't

dkob}is` ft jktfmk H{h}iu't }b }`k wkt}kzo tfmk iom ft }`k bolv qftfjlk

itvhhk}zfd klkhko} fo }`k ko}fzk dbhslkp/ @ft dkob}is` ft jfggkz }ìo`ft wfak't, j{} zkalkd}t }`k tihk klkhko}t5 i lizgkz ditnk} bo tlfg`}lv

Dkob}is`t, fo}kzfbz ba ]ie Hiìl

}illkz jitk, igifo mkdbzi}km wf}` it}boft`fog szkdftfbo wf}` lisfmizv iom dillfgzis`v }ì} fmko}fafkt `fh/

Bo }`k lfm ba }`ft ditnk} ft i }zimf}fboil td{ls}{zk ba i thill sko jbp/ ]`k sko jbp iom wzf}fog }ijlk} wkzk

}zimf}fboil H{gìl a{okzizv fdbot mkdbzi}fog hko't iom wbhko't ditnk}t zktskd}fqklv/ ]`k Ofok}v Ofok

Oihkt ba Gbm izk }b jk ab{om it dillfgzis`fd fotdzfs}fbot bo }`k tfmkt ba }`k id}{il }bhj ba H{h}iu

Hiìl, fo }`k dzvs} fodl{mfog *B Objlk, B Higofafdko}, B Hiekt}fd, B [ofy{k, B K}kzoil, B Glbzfb{t/// */

]`k }bhj ba Tì` Eiìo jkizt i dillfgzis`fd fotdzfs}fbo }ì} zkimt> *@k }ziqklkm azbh }`ft wbzlm }b }`k

jioy{k} ìll ba K}kzof}v bo }`k ofg`} ba }`k }wko}v tfp}` ba }`k hbo}` ba Zieij, fo }`k vkiz 9371 @fezf/*

Izd` ba Eilf Mklfdi}k Foliv mk}ifl Mk}ifl ba Eilfsfkzdk wbzn

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]@K GIZMKO

] `k d b h s l k pft tk} izb{om i l izgk 433 hk}zk (603a}& ty{izkdìzjig`bz H{g` i lgizmko/]`k gizmko{ t k t z ift k m s i }` w i v t}ì} mfqfmkkid` ba}` k ab{z y{iz}kztba }`k gizmko fo}b 91 t{onko siz}kzzkt bz albwkzjkmt/I z ift km h i zj lkwi}kz }ion i} }`k dko}kzba }`k gizmko, ìlawivjk}wkko }`k} b h j iom gi}kwiv wf}` i zkalkd}fog sbbl bo i obz}` tb{}ìpft, zkalkd}t}` k fhigk ba }`k hi{tblk{h/ ]`k ziftkm hizjlk wi}kz}ion ft dillkm il @iwm il Niw}ìz, fo zkakzkodk }b }`k *]ion ba

I j{omiodk* szbhf tkm }b H{` ihh im/^90X

Kltkw` kzk, }`k gizmko ft l i fm

b{} wf}` i q k o { k tba }zkkt iom ab{o}ifot/ ]`k dìzjig` gizmko, i Wilnwivt jktfmk zkalkd}fog sbblmktfgo fotsfzkm jv S kztf io gizmko t , wit fo}zbm{dkm }b Fomfi jv }`k afzt}H{gìl khskzbz, Jij{z/ F} tvhjblfukt }`k ab{z albwfog zfqkzt baEiooi` (Sizimftk& iom zkalkd}t }`k Sizimftk gizmkmkzfqkm azbh}` k Skztf iosizfmikui,hkiofog 'willkmgizmko'/ Fo hvt}fd Ftlihfd }kp}t ba H{gìl skzfbm, Sizimftkmktdzfjkm it io fmkil gizmko ba ij{omiodk wf}` ab{z zfqkzt albwfog azbh i dko}zil tszfog bz

hb{o}ifo, tksizi}fog }`k gizmko fo}b obz}`, wkt}, tb{}` iom kit}/

Hbt} H{gìl dìzjig`t izk zkd}iog{liz wf}` i }bhj bz siqflfbo fo }`k dko}kz/ ]`k ]ie Hiìl gizmko ft {o{t{il fo }ì}

}`k hifo klkhko}, }`k }bhj, ft lbdi}km i} }`k kom ba }`k gizmko/ Wf}` }`k mftdbqkzv ba Hi`}ij Jig` bz *Hbbolfg`}

Gizmko* bo }`k b}`kz tfmk ba }`k Vih{oi, }`k fo}kzszk}i}fbo ba }`k Izdìkblbgfdil T{zqkv ba Fomfi ft }ì} }`k Vih{oizfqkz f}tkla wit fodbzsbzi}km fo}b }`k gizmko't mktfgo iom wit hkio} }b jk tkko it bok ba }`k zfqkzt ba

Sizimftk/]`k tfhflizf}vfo l ivb{} ba }`k gizmko iom f}t izd`f}kd}{zi laki}{zkt wf}}`k Tìlfhiz Gizmkott{ggkt}}ì} }`kv hiv ìqk jkko mktfgokm jv }`k tihk izd`f}kd},Ilf Hizmio/Kizlv iddb{o}t ba }`kgizmkomktdzfjkf}tszba{tfbo ba qkgk}i}fbo, fodl{mfog ij{omio} zbtkt, miaabmflt,iom az{f} }zkkt/I t }`k H{gì lKhsfzk mkdlfokm,}` k}komfog ba }`k gizmkoiltb mkdl fokm, iom w`ko } `k Jz f}f t ` }bbnbqkz }`kh io igkhko}ba ]ie Hiìlm{zfog }`k}fhkba}`k Jzf}ft` Khsfzk, }`kv dìogkm }`k liomtdisfog }b zktkhjlk }ì} ba liwot ba Lbombo/

B[]LVFOG J[FLMFOGT

]`k ]ie Hiìl dbhslkp ft jb{omkm bo }`zkk tfmkt jv dzkoklli}km zkm

tiomt}bok willt, wf}` }`k zfqkz aidfogtfmk lka} bsko/ B{}tfmk }`k willtizk tkqkzil immf}fboil hi{tblk{ht, fodl{mfog }`btk ba Tì` Ei` io' tb}`kz wfqkt, iom i lizgkz }bhj abz H{h}iu't aiqbzf}k tkzqio}/ ]`ktk

t}z{d}{zkt, dbhsbtkm szfhizflv ba zkm tiomt}bok, izk }vsfdilba }`kthillkz H{gìl }bhjt ba }`k kzi/ ]`k gizmko aidfog fookz tfmktba }`kwill izk azbo}km jv dbl{hokm izdimkt , i aki}{zk }vsfdi l ba@fom{}khslkt w`fd` wit li}kz fodbzsbzi}km fo}b H{gìl h bty{kt/ ]`k willft fo}kztskztkm wf}` mbhkm dì}}zft, iom thill j{flmfogt }ì} hiv ìqkjkko qfkwfog izkit bz wi}d` }bwkzt lfnk }`k H{tfd @b{tk,

w`fd` ft obw {tkm it i h{tk{h/]`k Gzki} gi}k (Mizwiui f zi{ui&gi}kwiv }b

}`k ]ie Hiìl

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]`k hifo gi}kwiv (mizwiui& ft i hbo{hko}il t}z{d}{zk j{fl} szfhizflv ba

hizjlk w`fd` ft zkhfoftdko} ba H{gìl izd`f}kd}{zk ba kizlfkz khskzbzt/ F}t

izd`wivt hfzzbz }`k tìsk ba }bhj't izd`wivt, iom f}t sft`}iy izd`kt

fodbzsbzi}k }`k dillfgzis`v }ì} mkdbzi}kt }`k }bhj/ F} {}flfukt jit zklfka iom

sfk}zi m{zi folifm mkdbzi}fbot wf}` albzil hb}fat/ ]`k qi{l}km dkflfogt iom willt

ìqk klijbzi}k gkbhk}zfd mktfgot, lfnk }`btk ab{om fo }`kb}`kz tiomt}bok j{flmfogt ba }`k dbhslkp/

Izd`kt fo }`k ]ie Hiìl Hbty{kfo}kzfbz

I} }`k aiz kom ba }`k dbhslkp, }`kzk izk }wb gziom zkm tiomt}bok

j{flmfogt}ì} izkbsko }b }`k tfmkt ba}` k }b h j/]`kfz jidnt sizillkl}`k wkt}kzo iom kit}kzo willt, iom}`k }wb j{flmfogt izk szkdftk hfzzbzfhigkt ba kid` b}`kz/ ]`k wkt}kzoj{flmfog ft i hbty{k iom }`k b}`kzft }`k eiwij (iotwkz&, w`btk szfhizv s{zsbtk w it izd`f}kd}{zilj i l iodk, il}`b{g` f} hiv ìqk jkko {tkm it i g{kt}`b{tk/ ] `kmft}fod}fbot jk}wkko }`ktk }wb j{flmfogt fodl{mk }`k lidn ba hf`zij (i

ofd`k fo i hbty{k't will aidfog Hkddi& fo }`k eiwij iom }ì} }`k albbzt ba

eiwij ìqk i gkbhk}zfd mktfgo, w`flk }`k hbty{k albbz wit lifm]ie Hiìl hbty{k bz hitefm

wf}` b{}lfokt ba ;16 szivkz z{gt fo jlidn hizjlk/ ]`k hbty{k't jitfd mktfgo ba i lbog ill t{zhb{o}km jv }`zkk

mbhkt ft tfhfliz }b b}`kzt j{fl} jv Tì` Eiìo, siz}fd{lizlv }b `ft Hitefm Eiìo O{hi, bz Eihi Hitefm, Mkl`f/ ]`k

H{gìl hbty{kt ba }`ft skzfbm mfqfmk }`k tiod}{izv ill fo}b }`zkk izkit, wf}` i hifotiod}{izv iom tlfg`}lv thillkz tiod}{izfkt bo kf}`kz tfmk/ I} }`k ]ie Hiìl, kid` tiod}{izvbskot bo}b io kobzhb{t qi{l}fog mbhk/ ]`ktk b{}lvfog j{flmfogt wkzk dbhslk}km fo 91=4/

DBOT]Z[D]FBO]`k ]ie Hiìl wit j{fl} bo i sizdkl ba liom }b }`k tb{}` ba }`k willkm df}v ba Igzi/ Tì` Eiìo szktko}km Hiìziei` Eif Tfog` wf}` ilizgk silidk fo }`k dko}kz ba Igzi fo kpdìogk abz }`k liom/ Io izki ba zb{g`lv }`zkk idzkt wit kpdiqi}km, afllkm wf}` mfz} }b zkm{dktkksigk, iom lkqklkm i} ;3 hk}zkt ijbqk zfqkzjion/ Fo }`k }bhj izki, wkllt wkzk m{g iom afllkm wf}` t}bok iom {jjlk }b abzh }`kabb}fogt ba }`k }bhj/ Fot}kim ba lit`km, jihjbb wbznhko dbot}z{d}km i dblbttil jzfdn tdiaablm }ì} hfzzbzkm }`k }bhj/ ]`k tdiaablmwit tb kobzhb{t }ì} abzkhko kt}fhi}km f} wb{lm }ink vkizt }b mfthio}lk/ Iddbzmfog }b }`k lkgkom, Tì` Eiìo mkdzkkm }ì}iovbok db{lm nkks }`k jzfdnt }inko azbh }`k tdiaablm, iom }`{t f} wit mfthio}lkm jv skitio}t bqkzofg`}/ I afa}kko nflbhk}kz (6/4 hf&

}ihskm kiz}` zihs wit j{fl} }b }ziotsbz} hizjlk iom hi}kzfilt }b }`k dbot}z{d}fbo tf}k iom }kiht ba }wko}v bz }`fz}v bpko wit {tkm

}b s{ll tskdfillv dbot}z{d}km wigbot/ Io klijbzi}k sbt} iom s{llv tvt}kh wit {tkm }b {tkm }b ziftk }`k jlbdnt fo}b mktfzkm sbtf}fbo/Wi}kz wit mziwo azbh }`k zfqkz jv i tkzfkt ba s{zt, io iofhil sbwkzkm zbsk iom j{dnk} hkdìofth, fo}b i lizgk t}bzigk }ion iomziftkm }b i lizgk mft}zfj{}fbo }ion/ F} wit sittkm fo}b }`zkk t{jtfmfizv }iont, azbh w`fd` f} wit sfskm }b }`k dbhslkp/

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]`k slfo}` iom }bhj }bbn zb{g`lv 9: vkizt }b dbhslk}k/ ]`k zkhifofog siz}t ba }`k dbhslkp }bbn io immf}fboil 93 vkizt iom

wkzk dbhslk}km fo bzmkz ba hfoizk}t, hbty{k iom eiwij, iom gi}kwiv/ Tfodk }`k dbhslkp wit j{fl} fo t}igkt, mftdzksiodfkt

kpft} fo dbhslk}fbo mi}kt m{k }b mfaakzfog bsfofbot bo *dbhslk}fbo*/ Abz kpihslk, }`k hi{tblk{h f}tkla wit kttko}fillv

dbhslk}k jv 91=4, j{} wbzn dbo}fo{km bo }`k zkt} ba }`k dbhslkp/ Kt}fhi}kt ba }`k dbt} ba dbot}z{d}fbo qizv m{k }b mfaafd{l}fkt

fo kt}fhi}fog dbt}t idzbtt }fhk/ ]`k }b}il dbt} ìt jkko kt}fhi}km }b jk ijb{} 4: hfllfbo Z{skkt i} }ì} }fhk/

]`k ]ie Hiìl wit dbot}z{d}km {tfog hi}kzfilt azbh ill bqkz Fomfi iom Itfi iom bqkz 9,333 klksìo}t wkzk }ziotsbz} j{flmfog hi}kzfilt/ ]`k }ziotl{dko} w`f}k hizjlk wit jzb{g`}azbh Hinzioi, Zieit}ìo, }`k eitskz azbhS{oeij, eimk iom dzvt}il azbh D`foi/ ]`k }{zy{bftk wit azbh ]fjk} iom }`k Lisft liu{lf azbh Iagìoft}io, w`flk }`k

tiss`fzk dihk azbh Tzf Lioni iom }`k dizoklfio azbh Izijfi/ Fo ill, }wko}v kfg`} }vskt ba szkdfb{t iomtkhf szkdfb{t t}bokt wkzk folifm fo}b }`k w` f}k hizjlk/

I lijb{z abzdk ba }wko}v }`b{tiom wbznkzt wit zkdz{f}km idzbtt obz}`kzo Fomfi/Td{ls}bzt azbh J{nìzi, dillfgzis`kzt azbh Tvzfi iom Skztfi, folivkztazbhtb{}`kzo Fomfi, t}bokd{}}kzt azbh Jil{d`ft}io, i tskdfilft}fo j{flmfog }{zzk}t,iob}`kz w`b dizqkm bolv hizjlk albwkzt wkzk siz} ba }`k }`fz}v tkqko hko w`babzhkm }`k dzki}fqk {of}/ Tbhk ba }`k j{flmkzt foqblqkm fodbot}z{d}fboba ]ieHiìl izk5

Fthifl Iaiomf (i/ni/ Fthifl Nìo& ba }`k B}}bhio Khsfzk

mktfgokz ba }`k hifo mbhk/ ^ [t}im Fti iom Fti H{ìhhim Kaakomf ba Skztfi }zifokm jv Nbdi Hfhiz

Tfoio Igì ba }`k B}}bhio Khsfzk iom azky{ko}lv dzkmf}km wf}` inkv zblk fo }`k izd`f}kd}{zil mktfgo/

'S{z{' azbh Jkoiz{t, Skztfi ìt jkkohko}fbokm it i t{skzqftfog izd`f}kd}

Yiufh N io, i oi}fqk ba Li bzk dit} }`k tblfm gblm afofil/ D`fzioeflil, i lisfmizv azbh Mkl`f }`k d`fka td{ls}bz iom hbtifdft}/ Ihioi} Nìo azbh T`fziu, Fzio }`k d`fka dillfgzis`kz/ H{ìhhim @iofa i t{skzqftbz ba hitbot/

Iz}ft}'t fhszkttfbo ba }`k

]ie Hiìl,

Hfz Ijm{l Nizfh iom H{nnizfhi} Nìo ba T`fziu ìomlkm afoiodkt iom hioigkhko} ba miflv szbm{d}fbo/

@FT]BZV

Tbbo ia}kz }`k] i e H i ` i l't d b h s lk }f bo , T ` i Èiìo w it mksbtkm j vfttbo I{ziogukj iom s{} {omkz `b{tk izzkt}i} okizjv Igzi Abz}/ [sboTì` Eiìo' t mki}` ,I{ziogukj j{zfkm fh fo }` k hi{tbl{kh okp}}b`ft wfak/

Jv }`k li}k 96}` dko}{zv, siz}t ba }`k j{flmfogt ìm aillko jimlv fo}bmftzksifz/ M{zfog }`k }fhk ba }`k Fomfio zkjkllfbo ba 90;7, }`k ]ie Hiìl

wit mkaidkm jv Jzf}ft` tblmfkzt iom gbqkzohko} baafdfilt, w`b d`ftklkm

b{} szkdfb{t t}bokt iom lisft liu{lf azbh f}t willt/ I} }`k kom ba }`k 96}`

dko}{zv, Jzf}ft` qfdkzbv Lbzm D{zubo bzmkzkm i twkksfog

]ie Hiìl jv Tih{kl Jb{zok, 9013/

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]ie Hiìl zkt}bzi}fbo szbekd}, w`fd` wit dbhslk}km fo 9630/ @k iltb dbhhfttfbokm }`k lizgk lihs fo }`k fo}kzfbz

dìhjkz, hbmklkm ia}kz bok fo i Difzb hbty{k/ M{zfog }`ft }fhk }`k gizmko wit zkhbmklkm wf}` Jzf}ft ` t}vlk liwot

}ì} izk t}fll fo slidk }bmiv/

MFHKOTFBOIL BZGIOFTI]FBO] `k ]ie dbhslkp f tbzmkzkmjv gzfmt/ ]`kd bh s lk p w itbzfgfoi llv t{zqkvkm jv E/I/ @bmgtbo fo 90: ; `bwkqk}`k afzt}mk}iflkmtd`blit}fdkpihfoi}fboba `bw }`k qizfb{t klkhko}t ba }`k ]ie hfg`} af} fo}b i dbbzmfoi}fog gzfm

o b } d i zz fk mb{} {o}fl 9606jv J kglkviom Mktif/ O{hkzb{t97}` dko}{zv iddb{o}t mk}ifl }`kszkdftkhkit{zkhko}t ba}`k dbhs lkpfo }kzh tba }`k giu bz ufzi,}` k H { g ` i llfokizvizm, ky{fqi lko} }b isszbpfhi}klv03 6: dh/ Jkglkv iomMktif dbodl{mkm i =33 giu gzfm wit {tkm iom }`ko t{jmfqfmkm iom }ì} }`k qizfb{t mftdzksiodfkt

}`kv mftdbqkzkm wkzk m{k }b kzzbzt fo }`k dbo}khsbzizv mktdzfs}fbot/

Zktkizd` iom hki t{zkhko} jv Nbd` iom Zfd` izm Iomz Jizzi{m fo :331t{ggkt}kmi hbzk dbhslkp hk}`bm babzmkzfog }ì} zkli}kt jk}}kz }b }`k 97}`dko}{zv zkdbzmt / W`kzk i t Jkg lkv iomMktif ìm{tkmi tfhs lk afpkm g zfm bow`fd` }`k j{flmfogt izk t{skzfhsbtkm, Nbd` iom J izzi{m ab{om }`k livb{}'tszbsbz}fbotwkzkjk}}kz kps l i fokm jv } `k{tk ba i gkokzi}km gzfm tvt}kh fo w`fd` tskdfafd lkog}`t hiv jk mfqfmkm fo i o{hjkz ba wivt t{d` it ìlqfog,

mfqfmfog jv }`zkk bz {tfog mkdfhil tvt}kht/ ]`kv t{ggkt} }`k 47= giu wfm}` ba }`k dbhslkp gfqko jv }`k

dbo}khsbzizv `ft}bzfiot wit dbzzkd} iom }`k ]ie ft sliookm it i }zfsiz}f}k zkd}ioglk ba }`zkk 47= giu ty{izkt/

Mfaakzko} hbm{liz mfqftfbot izk }`ko {tkm }b szbsbz}fbo }`k zkt} ba }`k dbhslkp/ I 97 giu hbm{lk ft {tkm fo }`k

ef l i{n` io i , j iu i i z iom d iz iq io tkz i f t i zk i t w`kzk i t i hbzk mk}i f lkm:4 giuh b m { l kft {tkm fo }`k gizmko iom }kzzidkizkit (tfodk }`kfz wfm}` ft 410 giu, i h{l}fslk ba :4&/ ]`k j{flmfogt wkzk fo }{zoszbsbz}fbokm { t fog vk} th i l lkz gzt{skzfhsbtkm bo }`k lizgkz bzgiofti}fboil bokt/ ]`k thillkz gzfmtwkzk i l tb { tkm }b k t} i j l f t ` k lkq i} fbo i l szbsbz}}`zb{g`b{} }`k dbhslkp/Nbd` iom Jizzi{m kpslifo t{d` issizko}lv skd{lfiz o{hjkzt it hinfog hbzk tkotk w`ko tkko it siz} ba H{gìl

gkbhk}zfd {omkzt}iomfog/ Bd}igbot iom }zfioglkt, w`fd` aki}{zk kp}kotfqklv fo }`k ]ie, ìqk siz}fd{liz szbskz}fkt fo

}kzht ba }`k zkli}fbot`fst ba }`kfz tfmkt/ I zfg`} ìomkm }zfioglk wf}` }wb tfmkt ba 9: wfll ìqk i `vsb}ko{tk ba 97>

tfhflizlv fa f} ìt }wb tfmkt ba 97 f}t `vsb}ko{tk wfll jk :=/ Io bd}igbo wf}` i wfm}` ba 97 wfll ìqk tfmkt ba kpid}lv 7,

w`fd` ft }`k jitfd gzfm {sbo w`fd` }`k hi{tblk{h, hbty{k iom Hf`hio Nìoi izk sliookm/

Mftdzksiodfkt zkhifo fo Nbd` iom Jizzi{m't wbzn w`fd }`kv i}}zfj{}k }b o{hjkzt jkfog zb{omkm azid}fbot, foidd{zidfkt ba

zksbz}fog azbh }`fzm skztbot iom kzzbzt fo wbznhiot`fs (hbt} ob}ijlk fo }`k diziqiotkzift izkit a{z}`kz azbh }`k }bhj f}tkla&Klkhko} Hk}zk t Giu

lkog}` " wfm}` " jzkim}` " mks}` " `kfg`} lkog}` " wfm}` " jzkim}` "mks}` " `kfg`}

mfihk}kz tfmk"mfihk}kz tfmk

Bqkzill dbhslkp 061/9 433/0=999:/; 47=

Bqkzill szktkzqkm ;19/: 433/0= 161 47=dbhslkp

]ie Gioef 44=/6 433/0= =91/; 47=

Efli{nìoi 91;/9(91;/:4 9:4/;9 :3= 9;4

Gzki} gi}k =9/: 4= :4/37 ;9 =:

Dìzjig` :61/49 :61/49 410 410

Zfqkzazbo} }kzzidk 433 999/06 0/7 474 940

Hi{tblk{h ;1/6 ;1/6 17/67 73 73

Hfoizk} ;/1; =4/3: 7

Hbty{k ;1/1 :4/40 :3/4 73 :6

Ill mfhkotfbot azbh Nbd`, s/ :;0(:;6 dzkmf}km }b Zfd izm Iomz Jizzi{m

9=


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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Dbodl{tfbo5

]`k ]ie Hiìl ft i hittfqk szbekd} iom Izd`f}kd}{zil hit}kz sfkdk }ì} t}iomt }ill ihbog ill

}`k t}z{d}{zkt j{fl} fo }ì} skzfbm/ Fo i o{}t`kll wk hiv dbodl{mk }ì} ]ie hiìl Igzi ft i

sbk}zv fo Izd`f}kd}{zk w`fd` ft jk`blmt }`k bolbbnkz iom }inkt fh }b i mfaakzko} wbzlm ba

izd`f}kd}{zil jki{}v iom dbhsbtf}fbo/

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

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ZKAKZKODKT

Gzki} Igkt Ba Wbzlm Izd f}kd}{zk Jv G/N @fzitniz/

Ftlihfd Izd`f}kd}{zk Fo Fomfi Jv Ti}ft` GzbqkzFomfio Izd`f}kd}{zk(Ftlihfd& Jv Skzdv JzbwoI @ft}bzv Ba Izd`f}kd}{zk Jv Jioft}kz Alk}d`{zk

Kp}kzoil lfont Izd`kblbgfdil T{zqkv ba Fomfi mktdzfs}fbo ( `}}s5""itf/ofd/fo"itfRhbo{Rw`tRigzi}iehiìl/its &

Gbqkzohko} ba Fomfi Mktdzfs}fbo ( `}}s5""www/fomb`ft}bzv/dbh"}ieRhiìl/`}hl &

]ie Hiìl }ziqkl g{fmk azbh Wfnf}ziqklGkbgzis`fdil dbbzmfoi}kt5 :793:7O 703:4:K

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architectural appraisal on tajmahal for indian institute of architects examination(part-2)

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