architect and interiors india - vol.2 - n.8 - nov. 2010
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8/8/2019 Architect and Interiors India - Vol.2 - n.8 - Nov. 2010
1/9ThaTs Copenhagen, a CiTy poised To show The world whaT arChiTeCTure Can do
livinglab
An ITP Publishing India Publication
Ideas, inspiration and insight for architects and interior designers Volume 02 | Issue 08 | November 2010 | Rs 50
Total no. of pages 94
BJARKE INGELS
Making a big difference
INduStRy dEBAtECan design change life?
dOORS ANd WINdOWS
The new style statement
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ARCHITECT and INTERIORS INDIA | NoVEMBER 2010 | www.dod.om
the question is: can architecturechange the world? Maria louis wasone of a dozen handpicked journalistsinvited to witness firsthand whycopenhagen is ranked aMong the topthree Most livable cities in the world
My rst glimpse of Copenhagen
is a carpet of green patterned with
grey strips of crisscrossing runways an
apt beginning to an architectural tour
that seeks to prove that this is indeed
one of the most sustainable cities in the
world. Copenhagen has a long tradition
of creating spaces to improve urban life.
From bicycle lanes to parks and squares,
innovative housing developments and
a port clean enough for swimming, this
city has seen a spectacular development
during the last 15 years. Backed by an
insightful Government, Danish architects
have combined the rationality of classical
functionalism with a practical pursuit of
solutions that make modern city life active,
healthy, inspiring and fun.
Proud of the fact that this port citys
modern architecture has played a
major role in the improvement of living
conditions, Danske Ark (the Danish
association of architects) sought to share
with the world how architecture can
contribute to a better life by building
better cities cities where the human
scale in city planning is well-looked-
after. This they did by inviting journalists
from countries such as Norway, Finland,
Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands,
Switzerland, the UK, the USA, Canada,
Russia, Brazil and, of course, India for a
rst-hand experience. We stayed at the
First Hotel Skt Petri, one of Copenhagens
leading design hotels located in the heart
of the Latin Quarter and its downtown
boutique shopping area. (Read about the
rebuild of this former department store in
our Fitted Out section).
As expected from a city ranked among
the top three most livable cities in the
world by international surveys, the
architectural tour of Copenhagen was
indeed an eye-opener.
We began with a visit to the
Municipality of Copenhagen, located
in a historic building, and were given
an introduction to the urban policy in
Copenhagen. Then we cycled to the
Danish Architecture Centre (DAC), where
managing director Kent Martinussen
elaborated on the activities of the DAC and
conducted a tour of the exhibition running
at the centre. After lunch, we were taken
on a guided boat tour of the new harbour
developments with an introduction by
Rita Justesen, Head of Planning, CPH City
and Port Development. Here are some
constructive highlights
The Crystal & Cloud by Schmidt
Hammer Lassen Architects: The
extension to Nykredit consists of a new
building, the Crystal, sited northwest of the
existing Nykredit premises. Freestanding
on the site, it reads as a transparent,
glazed, geometrical form, which, resting
on a single point and line, oats as a
visually light, crystalline structure above
the plaza a crystal. Designed to interact
with their surroundings, the projects offer
a subtle connection between the formal
architecture of the Glyptotek Museum of
Art and the waterfront area which forms
the setting for the new building.
Sluseholmen by Arkitema: A new
canal town in Sydhavnen (South Harbour)
with 1,000 homes to be dispersed on eight
man-made islands. Building work on the
DenmarkaNswERs
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1&2. Havneholmenby Lundgaard &Tranberg Arkitekter.
3&4. The Crystal &Cloud by SchmidtHammer LassenArchitects.
Hellerup and checked out the new
buildings coming up there.
When Carlsberg Brewery moved
production from Hellerup north of
Copenhagen, it was an opportunity to
develop a new part of Copenhagen with
harbours and canals, yacht clubs, housing
and offices right on the edge of resund.
A competition was arranged by Carlsberg
and the Municipality of Gentofte, which
involved a totally new neighbourhood with
the possibility for 210,000m of buildingsdistributed between housing, business,
state school and other public functions.
Dissing + Weitling presented the firms
work in this area.
The new neighbourhood has a maritime
character with a canal, garden elements
and a view over the Sound. Thefirm 3XN
made a presentation of two head offices
Horten Law Offices and Saxo Bank. Both
buildings are designed according to the
district plan which prescribed traditional
waterfront structures.
During our dinner at Restaurant KDY
(the Royal Danish Yacht Club) placed
as the central element with a fantastic
view over the entire harbour, the canal
and resund, Vilhelm Lauritzen Architects
took the floor. The club houses main
architectural characteristic is the large
folding roof that closes the building off
towards the housing area in the south, but
opens out towards the harbour and the
beautiful view of Oresund.
The next morning, we boarded a
bus to Amager and restad. The new
neighbourhoods that restad consists
of are the product of an international
competition. The four neighborhoods
eight islands is scheduled for completion
by the end of 2010.
Bryggebroen (Quay Bridge) by
Dissing+Weitling: The bridge stretches
in a light arc from Havneholmen to
Islandsbrygge, creating a desirable shortcut
for pedestrians and cyclists between two
of the most recently developed harbour
fronts of central Copenhagen. With its
artistic installation of locks inscribed with
the names of lovers who have thrown
the key into the water below (see our BigPicture section), its poised to become a city
attraction like the Trevi Fontaine in Rome.
Havneholmen by Lundgaard &
Tranberg Architects: This is one of
the well-situated dwelling projects in
Copenhagen. Its waterfront location
provides a fine view of the busy harbour
entrance, small docks, canals and the
centre of the city. The housing units have
been given optimal alignment in relation
to the sun. The buildings are positioned
in a fan shape to ensure that all units are
facing the water and all living-rooms are
facing south-west.
Harbou r Bath by JDS Architects:
Life changed in the city of Copenhagen
when the first harbour baths opened in
the summer of 2002 on Islands Brygge.
The water in the Fairway was pronounced
clean after it had been a shipping artery
for many years. The people of Copenhagen
got a welcome opportunity to jump into
the water and still enjoy a view of the citys
towers. The facility soon became a symbol
of the new life that has sprung up along
the waterfront.
On the evening of our first day in
Copenhagen, we visited Tuborg North,
consist of restad North, Amager Flled,restad City and restad South. The
development of restad North and
restad City are the two neighbourhoods
closest to completion. The development
of restad South has begun only recently.
restad is expected to be completed by
2025. During the sightseeing, there was an
introduction to the master plan of restad
by Rita Justesen, Head of Planning
CPH City and Port Development, and a
presentation of the most sustainable and
best new buildings in restaden.
Crystal Sports and cultural
centre in Holmbladsgade by Dorte
Mandrup Architects: The most
pronounced feature is a large translucent
membrane that stretches between the
sports and culture centre arena, and
the four characteristic end walls of the
neighbouring public housing scheme.
The IT University in restad by
Henning Larsen Architects is arranged
around a large central atrium. In the atrium
space, a number of group and meeting
rooms, designed as corbelled boxes, are
placed in a dynamic composition
Tietgenkollegiet by Lundgaard &
Tranberg Architects: The upper levels
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of this building, completed in 2006,are organized with 360 residence units
along the perimeter and the communalfunctions are oriented toward the innercourtyard. Facilities that are commonto the entire dormitory are grouped atground level.
restad College by 3XN: Theaward-winning restad College (upper
secondary school) is characterised byits open townscape layout offeringplazas and variety in scale rather thantraditional corridors or classrooms.Its design focuses on diversity,
student interaction, social spaces, andopportunities to learn from each other inorder to obtain a high degree of socialsustainability.
8 House by BIG: Located in Southrestad on the edge of
the canal with a viewof the open spaces ofKalvebod Flled. A
house offering homesin all its bearingsfor people in all oflifes stages. The
apartments are placed at the top, whilethe commercial programme unfolds atthe base of the building. The apartmentsbenet from sunlight, fresh air and the
view, while the ofce leases merges with
life on the street.
After lunch at the town hall ofFredriksberg, where we were welcomedby the mayor Jrgen Glenthj, the chiefcity architect, Ejvind Rostgaard, madea presentation of the green initiatives ofthis city within the city of Copenhagen.This was followed by a walking tour. Thenew campus area around the library,
the cinema, the shopping centre and theeducational institutions at the CopenhagenBusiness School provide Frederiksbergwith a new centre for city life. During thesightseeing, there was a presentation of
the most sustainable and the best newbuildings in the district.
The Royal Porcelain FactorybyJuul | Frost. When production closed
down, it became possible to create newactivities in the old factory buildings.Today, it contains homes, ofces and an
institute of education. The Municipality ofFrederiksberg has laid down strict rulesfor the conversion in order to preserve thequalities of the area. Examples of this are
the existing faades of the old buildings,
which are kept as intact as possible.Frederiksberg Gymnasium
by Henning Larsen Architects:Frederiksberg High School draws in thesurrounding urban life, making it a partof its interior dynamics. It is designed tomeet new ideas of student active learning.
Certainly, something is modern in thestate of Denmark. The packed programmewas lled with glimpses of modern
buildings and insights into the lifestyle ofpeople in Denmark sufcient to prove
that Denmark is indeed one of the mostlivable cities in the world.
We also spoke to some of the architects.
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5. The IT Universityby Henning LarsenArchitects.
6. Harbour Bath byJDS Architects.
7. Crystal SportsCentre byDorte MandrupArchitects.
8. restad Collegeby 3XN.
9. Porcelain Houseby Juul Frost.
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FocusDanish architecture
Do you think Architecture can
change the world? In what way?
Yes. 40% of the total energy consumptionin Denmark is used in buildings. Thatplaces a large responsibility on architects but also accentuates architecturespotential to actually change the world. Iam engaged in the ways architecture canshape human behaviour and thus havea great inuence on peoples lives. With
the right planning, cities can encouragewalking and cycling at the expense
of cars thereby improving the localenvironment and public health. Buildingscan be designed to promote interactionand communication, they can makepeople meet and talk, and thereby create
new knowledge. These aspects are veryimportant to me and to our architecture.
What have you or your rm done to
make a difference to the world by
way of design?
Behaviour is always our point ofdeparture. We seek to create dynamic
and transparent layouts for people toexplore, work, study, or live in. In addition
to that, we always involve our researchdepartment GXN in order to integrate
the latest materials, technologies anddigital design tools of benet to the
environment, the indoor climate, theoperating economy and the aesthetics.
Have you been successful in your
endeavour/s?
Our focus on behaviour was initiated with
Orestad College. Since its completion in2007, it has served as an inspiration tonumerous school planners, teachers andarchitects all over the world. We are very
happy to see that our visions regardingan open interactive learning cityscapeis successful in practice. We have been
able to develop and integrate many of ourndings from Orestad College in ofce
spaces and cultural buildings. We put
people, not the elevator, in the centre.Our research has also been fruitful. Thespecially developed faade elements
for Horten have been awarded for theircombination of energy conservation,
spectacular aesthetics and innovativecomposite solutions. Most recently, wehave designed and developed a showcasepavilion demonstrating cutting-edgepossibilities with sustainable andintelligent materials. Our idea was toshow that sustainability does not equalarchitectural compromise. And our hope isthat the knowledge we generated throughthe development of the pavilion, includinga specially developed bio composite, canbe used in other applications or industries.
KIM HERFORTH NIELSEN
Founding Principal, 3XN
PEDER ELGAARD
Director-Partner, Eric Mller Architects
Do you think Architecture can
change the world? In what way?
Architecture cannot do it alone, butit certainly can be conductive byrepresenting a sustainable approachto the needs and solutions of society.
It is important to be precise. Is itenvironmental, social or culturalsustainability that must be in focus?How should the interaction between thedifferent kinds of sustainability be? It isvery important to understand and analysethe specic situation, to be able to nd
the right focus in reaching the solutionrelevant for people.
What have you or your rm done to
make a difference to the world by
way of design?
We focus especially on cultural and social
sustainability, and let these subjects guide
our priority, as well as the extent andcharacter of environmental sustainability.We work a lot on restoration and
transformation projects, and always focuson how the values from the past can beused to develop existing structures as a
stimulating frame for modern use.
10. Horten by 3XN.
11. Hotel Skt Petriby Eric MllerArchitects.
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Have you been successful in your
endeavour/s?
One example is the department store
Daells Varehus, constructed in 1933-35
by the architect Vilhelm Lauritsen on the
corner of Nrregade and Krystalgade (seeour Fitted Out section). The complex drew
its inspiration from modernism and thelatest currents in European architecture.
In the 1950s, the complex alongKrystalgade and Fiolstrde was extended
with a smaller, characteristic version ofthe 30s building. At the end of the 1990s,
Daells Varehus closed. In 1999, it was
taken over by TK Development with a viewto creating a ve-star downtown hotel with
270 rooms and suites for the Norwegianhotel group, Host. The hotels mainentrance, part of which doubles as a caf,is located in Krystalgade with direct accessto a 1,500sqm vestibule, expanded into
the yard atrium a large, covered spacehousing a restaurant, lounge, ballroom andreception. Rooms and suites are spreadover the other oors. The hotel complex is
divided with different facade colourways toreinforce Lauritsens original building andreduce the sense of scale amid the urbanlandscape. The conversion was awarded aprize by the Association for Beautication
of the Capital in 2003.
Do you think Architecture can
change the world? In what way?
Architecture has shaped the world andthe way we live on it in the past so wecan assume it will continue to do so. Thereal question should be whether architectscan change the world and in what way.Most of the construction processes in theworld do not include architects, and most
of the architecture that surrounds us hasnot been designed by an architect. Therole and power of the architect is thus verylimited on a global scale, yet relevant inthe collective imagination. It is throughthis imaginary power that architects caninspire and help make changes. As asociety, we have to build architecture thatstimulates interaction and life. We have to
erect fabrics that open a dialogue with the
city and its citizens, that challenge issueswithin society. Our collective effort has toinvestigate solutions, facilitate progressand guide a sustainable way of living.
What have you or your rm done to
make a difference to the world by
way of design?
At Dissing+Weitling, our goal is to
create optimal spaces for humanactivity at work, in the home and inthe public sphere. We have a clear and
accommodating approach, characterisedby user-centric solutions that payparticular attention to the physical,cultural and environmental context.
Regardless of scale, each projectdemonstrates a close relationshipbetween technology and design and
we continuously explore the boundariesbetween design, innovation and theenvironment. We seek to incorporate
high-tech, sustainable solutions as anintegrated part of the overall designstrategy right from the rst sketch. Our
team is characterised by a broad rangeof professional proles, interests, ages
and nationalities. Our work environmentis characterised by an informaltone, interdisciplinary discussions,individuality and enthusiasm for each
project. We believe that quality of design
is what might make a difference to theworld, and we hope that is visible andtangible in our work.
Have you been successful in your
endeavour/s?
Over the years, we have built up aprofessional portfolio that includes some
of the worlds most spectacular bridgesand distinctive international businessheadquarters, as well as new residentialareas, historic building renovations, andinterior/product design. We always aim
at combining inspiring, sophisticated yetminimalistic design with effective andelegant solutions, both on a large scale andin detail. Some of the recent examples are
the Rambll headquarters, the Simcorpheadquarters and the Danish BroadcastingMedia House all in Copenhagen. Inaddition, we have designed gracefulbridges of all sizes: from giganticstructures such as the Great Belt Link inDenmark and the Stonecutters Bridge inHong Kong, to some small wonders suchas the gade Footbridge, the Quay Bridge(both in Copenhagen) and the ADNECbridge in Abu Dhabi.
LORENZO MATTOZZI
Project architect (building andinfrastructure), Dissing + Weitling
JULIAN WEYER
Partner, CF Mller A/S
Do you think Architecture can
change the world? In what way?
Architecture can change our mood, ourbehaviour and our social responses, theway we perceive our surroundings, andour expectations of the public realm. As
such, good architecture could make a realdifference not as a revolutionary force,but by attempting to change the world
one person at a time.Danish architecture, always associated
with clarity and simplicity, is deeply rootedin the rational, logical and understandableor explicable. Our Danish approach, in
addition, provides us with a democraticbackground: An insistence on challengingthe given conditions, and keeping a central
12. DanishBroadcastingMedia House byDissing + Weitling.
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focus on the users, the people actuallyliving or working in our designs. We see
this non-authoritarian background as anadvantage as it gives us the freedom andfocus to create architecture for everybody,without getting lost in the monumental or
pointlessly technical.Architecture is also a key factor in
creating a sustainable society: Around 40%of our total energy supply is consumed inbuildings so, the architectural professioncan take advantage of the great potential ofcreating buildings which will go on savingenergy year after year, for 50 or 100 years,and using recyclable components. CFMller Architects aims to be at the cuttingedge of design in the environmental area,as the rst major architectural practice
in Denmark to have introduced anenvironmental management system apractice that became certied in 2009
according to the international ISO 14001standard. This certication documents
our active efforts to minimise theenvironmental effects of all the companysprocesses and services and our constantstriving to push the performance of ourbuildings beyond legislative requirements.
What have you or your rm done to
make a difference to the world by
way of design?
To name a highly up-to-date example: One
of the areas where this humanistic designapproach can truly make a differenceis the healthcare sector, where currenttrends mean that hospitals in generalare undergoing a transformation: frombeing based on and serving one individualregion, they are fast becoming part of anational and international strategy. Thisleads to large, complex hospital structures
with administrative and operationalrationales requiring a robust, overallstrategy to afford the structure evidence-based values values that reect how
individual patients and members of staffperceive and are inuenced by their
physical surroundings. In other words,architectural process must focus on theimplementation of aspects which inuence
the wellbeing of the user and which
accelerate the patients healing processand ensure a working environment withreduced errors and stress. We call this
concept healing architecture.Since hospitals are buildings with
a particularly high energy demand,they are obvious targets for employingenergy conservation measures andalternative energy sources, as well as othersustainability issues. This also forms anintegral part of our design strategy.
Have you been successful in your
endeavour/s?
We dare to believe so. To give just a
few examplesof recent award-winning
agship projects, from key sectors such as
education and healthcare: The AkerhusUniversity Hospital in Oslo is a result of
the efforts and values described above.Though the building is a highly efcient
large-scale functional entity, it is designed
and perceived as a friendly and informalplace, one that has a signicant positive
inuence on patients. Additionally, the
bulk of the buildings energy consumptionis supplied by an on-site geothermalplant and energy storage system making it a sustainable design. For thesereasons, the project received the highlyprestigious Building Better HealthcareAward as Best International Project in2009. From the education sector, the
new Danish secondary school in northern
Germany, the AP Mller School, has hada signicant impact on the German future
education debate. The building introducesnew values, inspired by recent Danisheducation sector reforms meaningthat the interior is an open learninglandscape in which not only classrooms,but the entire school provides a teachingenvironment for individual work, groupwork and plenary sessions. The interioropenness and organisation promotes
personalised and democratic teaching.
Do you think Architecture can
change the world? In what way?
On a small scale, I believe that architecturecan play a part in changing the world forthe better. This said, it is important toacknowledge the fact that architecture andarchitects do not hold a unique positionin this ambitious project. Architectsdont make the world a better place tolive by seeking self-righteousness in theextraordinary. Where they can truly make
a difference is in the social environmentand life-forming sphere. But this role doesnot only belong to architects.
What have you or your rm done to
make a difference to the world by
way of design?
Our practice distinguishes itself fromothers by our strong focus on urban spacein everything we do. Many of us have a
background in urban space, and we applythis approach to everything we do be itlarge-scale transformation projects, campusdevelopment or small-scale housingprojects. The result is, we start our housingprojects from the outside-looking-in waythat makes the space between the buildingsthe foundation from which any housingproject is developed. We have been lucky to
have had the opportunity to use strategiesfrom urban space in Better AffordableHousing a project where the social sphereis the gathering structure in an affordablehousing project. The project has a built-in adjustability and the apartments are
assembled as a kind of Lego system wherethe core is a room of approx 90sqm that can
be combined in various ways. This resultsin apartments of different sizes and, asthe apartments display different types of
ownership, the result is a neighbourhoodwith a mixture of inhabitants from different
social backgrounds. In this way, BetterAffordable Housing also can be seen as acontribution to the ght against ghetto-
isation one of the biggest challenges weface as architects and as a society.
FLEMMING FROST
CEO, Juul Frost
13. AP MllerSchool by CFMller A/S.
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Have you been successful in your
endeavour/s?
Better Affordable Housing is a prize-winning project in a competitionarranged by the Danish Arts Foundation
in collaboration with a subsidiary of DeForenede Ejendomsselskaber, BedreBilligere Boliger. The competitiondemanded that all the entries shouldkeep building costs at a low level. Asa supplement to the cost-optimiseddemands, the participants should relate tothe charter 99 concept that focuses on the
meaning of space in architecture. In thisinstance, space is created by the interplaybetween elements such as the constructionof the buildings, the infrastructure ofthe city, the terrain and the plants of thelandscape. The name is not a coincidence.These three words ow through the
whole process - from the initial idea tothe nished dwellings. The goal was to
combine the lean construction principleswith quality gains through the wholevalue chain. The result is a project wherecost efciency goes hand-in-hand with
innovative solutions and good architecture
creates better affordable housing.
Do you think Architecture can
change the world? In what way?
The overall concept which makes thepractice of Schmidt Hammer Lassenstand out is the democratic approach to
designing architecture. Consequently,this means that the practice cultivatesand develops the democratic idea inorder to substantiate modern thinking,lifestyle, culture and behaviour throughthe genesis of architecture. But whatis democratic architecture and howdoes it interact with the surroundings?
A building revolves around people, andis not merely an architectonic shape or astatic creation of form; the architect mustpay particular attention to the intimateconnection between buildings and theircontext. Architecture should always be
closely integrated with its surroundings,with conscious consideration of function,the social context, and the spatial effect
it leaves behind. Hence, the architecturedesigned by our rm essentially reects a
democratic gesture and appears open tothe outside world.
What have you or your rm done to
make a difference to the world by
way of design?
We design sustainable solutions that focus
on the environment, the user and theoverall economy. We challenge the concept
of sustainability, because each projectmust reach new standards.
Architecture is about creating abetter framework for human life anddevelopment as well as considering theresources of the planet from a globalsustainable perspective. As architects,
we have both the opportunity and theresponsibility to design a better world.Sustainability must not solely become aquestion of CO2 reduction. We consider
sustainability from a holistic point ofview that considers nancial, cultural,
and social issues as well as environmentalaspirations. Our rm is a member of the
UN initiative Global Compact, a networkof more than 5200 companies and otherstakeholders from over 130 countries who
are dedicated to sustainable developmentand corporate citizenship. The network
was founded in 2000 under the UNleadership of Ko Annan.
Have you been successful in your
endeavour/s?
One example of democratic architecture
is the extension to The Royal Library
in Copenhagen. It marks a radical shiftfrom the traditional library structureand accommodates a range of culturalfacilities. Open and democratic, thebuilding includes scientic and literary
institutions, exhibition rooms, a bookshop,
a caf and a restaurant, as well as a roofterrace and a hall with 600 seats for
concerts, theatrical performances andconferences. Another recent example is the
permanent premises of the InternationalCriminal Court (ICC) in The Hague in theNetherlands. It is important that a formalinstitution like the ICC does not constitutebarriers for people. On the contrary, itmust express the essence of democratic
architecture. The building is designed tobecome an abstract and informal sculpture a backdrop for communicating thevalues of the ICC. A&I
BJARNE HAMMER
Founding Partner and Creative Director,Schmidt Hammer Lassen Architects
14. Magnolia:Better AffordableHousing by JuulFrost.
15. The RoyalLibrary by SchmidtHammer LassenArchitects.
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086 ARCHITECT and INTERIORS INDIA | NOVEMBER 2010 | www.citctditisidi.cm
Lck d Quay
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i/DiSSinG+WeitLinG
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The Pedestrian swing bridge,
Bryggebroen, connects the former
industrial area Islands Brygge with the
City centre of Copenhagen, Denmark. It
forms a crucial link for the extension of
the city centre to the south-east and is
a stepping stone for the development of
The lovers locks atthe Bryggebroenpedestrian swingbridge keep comingback even afterthe authoritiesremove them.
Fact box
Project: Pedestrian swing bridge
Total length: 200m
Swing arm: 65m long, with a 35m
span across the harbours main
navigation channel
Width of bridge: 7m
Client: Copenhagen Municipality
Architect: Dissing+Weitling
Engineer: Carl Bro A/S
former industrial estates to an upmarket
residential area with shops, restaurants
and a public swimming-pool. The
bridge was awarded the 2006 award
for outstanding architectural design
and redevelopment (donated by the
Municipality of Copenhagen). A&I