arches
DESCRIPTION
SWRQRQTRANSCRIPT
ARCHES
ARCHES:• A structure, especially one of masonry, forming the curved, pointed, or flat upper edge of an open space and supporting the weight above it, as in a bridge or doorway•The arch supports a vertical load primarily by axial compression of its wedge-shaped voussoirs.
•A curved structural member spanning an opening. The wedge shaped elements that make up an arch keep one another in place and transform the vertical pressure of the structure above into lateral pressure.
TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:
TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH
TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:INTRADOS OR SOFFIT:It is the under curve of an arch.Crown
Highest point of extrados
Extrados It is the under curve of an arch.
Haunch It is the lower portion of arch between crown and
the skewbacks.
Spandril: Curved triangular space formed between the extrados and the horizontal line through the crown
A keystone is the wedge-shaped stone piece fixed at the crown of the arch
KEY STONE
voussoirs
A wedge-shaped stone or brick that is used with others to construct an arch or vault.
SPRINGER
Skew back :This the inclined surface on the abutment
Springer: It is the first voussior at springing level
It is immediately adjacent to skew back
Springing points: These are the points from which the curve of arch springs
Springing line: It is an imaginary line joining the springing points of either end
PIER:A pier is a solid block of masonrysupporting an arch. They areoften made of stone, but thoseserving as primary support forlarge arches are usually madeof concrete.
PIER
TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:FOUNDATION:The foundation is a large stone that is set into the
ground. The piers are then built on top of it. It transfers the weight of the arch to the soil in the ground.
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CLASSIFICATION OF ARCHESAn arch can be classified according to
Shape
Number of centers
Workmanship
Materials of construction
According to shapeAccording to shape arches are of 10 types.
They areFlat archSegmental archSemi-circular archHorse-shoe archPointed archVenetian archFlorentine archRelieving archStilted archSemi-elliptical arch
Flat arch: A flat arch is the angle formed by the skewbacks as 60˚ with the horizontal
TECHNICAL TERMS IN ARCH:
TYPES OF ARCHES:
TYPES OF ARCHES:
TYPES OF ARCHES:
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TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
TYPES OF ARCHES:
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
MD. shabbir, IIA member, MURP
LINTELS:
A lintel is a horizontal structural member, which is fixed over the openings viz.., doors, windows recesses etc. to support the structure over the opening.Lintels are usually rectangular in shape and they afford facilities for fixing the door and window frames, wherever they are used. Lintels may be made of several materials such as wood, stone , brick, reinforced concrete, rolled steel sections embedded in the cement concrete
WOODEN LINTEL
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LINTELS:
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LINTELS:
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LINTELS:
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LINTELS: