arabic domain names what’s been done so far?nic.sa/docs/icann-idn-exp_dubai_2-apr-2008.pdf · –...
TRANSCRIPT
Arabic Domain NamesWhat’s been done so
far?
Dubai April 1-3 2008
Dr. Abdulaziz H. Al-ZomanDirector of SaudiNIC
Chairman of Steering CommitteeArabic Domain Name Pilot Project
Raed I. Al-FayezSaudiNIC
Chairman of Technical CommitteeArabic Domain Name Pilot Project
AgendaAgendaAgendaAgendaAgendaAgendaAgendaAgenda
� Part I:
– Introduction
� Part II:
– Arabic Domain Name Pilot Project
� Part III:
– Managing ADN under ( . د�����ا)
� Part IV:
– “Example.Test” Report
� Part V:
– Conclusions
Part I
Introduction
Who are we?Who are we?Who are we?Who are we?Who are we?Who are we?Who are we?Who are we?
� Arab Team for Arabic Domain Names– Formed under the auspices of Arab League, 2005
– Supervising “Arabic domain name pilot project”
• Steering and Technical Committees (headed by SaudiNIC staff)
� SaudiNIC– Administering the Saudi domain name space (.sa) since 1995.
– Operated by Communication and Information Technology Commission (CITC) … governmental org.
– Coordinating with regional and international bodies in order to present the local community needs
– Leading the local community effort towards supporting Arabic language in DNS
• Head of the ADNPP Steering Committee
• Head of the ADNPP Technical Committee
What we have done so far?What we have done so far?What we have done so far?What we have done so far?What we have done so far?What we have done so far?What we have done so far?What we have done so far?
� The work was done based on the following
methodology:
1. Identifying problems & areas of contributions
2. Participating and initiating interest groups & task forces
3. Conducting web surveys
4. Publishing reports & papers
5. Meeting linguists (face to face)
6. Disseminating information to public
7. Testing and building local experiences
4 Arabic root servers
3 Technical solutions3 Technical solutions
4 Arabic root servers
Work Done so farWork Done so farWork Done so farWork Done so farWork Done so farWork Done so farWork Done so farWork Done so farIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributions
To define the accepted Arabic character set to be used for writing Arabic domain names
To define the top-level domains of the Arabic domain name tree structure (i.e., Arabic gTLDs, and ccTLDs)
1 Linguistic issues
2 Arabic TLDs
IETF, UNICODE, …
ICANN/IANA, …
111111111111� Levels of an A-IDN Solution
Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Identifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributionsIdentifying areas of contributions
� Linguistic issues– ISSUE 1.1: Tashkeel
– ISSUE 1.2: Kasheeda
– ISSUE 1.3: Taa-Marbota+Haa
– ISSUE 1.4: Hamzah
– ISSUE 1.5: Alif Maqsura+Ya
– ISSUE 1.6: Numbers
– ISSUE 1.7: dot or Arabic Zero
– ISSUE 1.8: Connecting Multiple Words
– ISSUE 1.9: Space
– ISSUE 1.10: Mixing Latin & Arabic Characters
– ISSUE 1.11: Special Charters
– ISSUE 1.12: Accepted Character Set
� Arabic TLDs– ISSUE 2.1: Criteria for selecting
an Arabic gTLD
– ISSUE 2.2: Suggested list of Arabic gTLDs
– ISSUE 2.3: Criteria for selecting an Arabic ccTLD
– ISSUE 2.4: Suggested list of Arabic ccTLDs
11111111
Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Participation & Initiation of GroupsParticipation & Initiation of GroupsParticipation & Initiation of GroupsParticipation & Initiation of GroupsParticipation & Initiation of GroupsParticipation & Initiation of GroupsParticipation & Initiation of GroupsParticipation & Initiation of Groups
� MINC: Multilingual Internet Names Consortium, 2000– Arabic Working Group
� AINC: Arab Internet Names Consortium, April 2001– Founder and member of the board– Chairman of the Linguistic Committee
� ADNTF: Arabic Domain Name Task Force, Q2/2003– Formed under the auspices of ESCWA (UN)– Issuing an Internet Draft for supporting the Arabic language in
domain names
� GCC ccTLDs Group:– Formed under the auspices of ITC committee of GCC– GCC Arabic domain name pilot project
� Arab Team for Arabic Domain Names, 2005– Formed under the auspices of Arab League– Arabic domain name pilot project
22222222
Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Publishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & Papers
� 5 Scientific research papers published in conference proceedings and journals
� Technical reports
� Internet drafts
– http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-farah-adntf-ling-guidelines-00.txt
33333333
Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Publishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & PapersPublishing Reports & Papers
� Scientific Research Papers – "Arabic Top-Level Domain Names", International Journal of Computer
Processing of Oriental Languages, Volume 17 Number 3 September 2004, To Appear.
– "Linguistic Issues in Arabic Domain Names", In Proceedings of the 17th NCC, KAAU, Al-Madina Almunawarah, Saudi Arabia, 5-8 April, 2004, pp 235-250 [in Arabic]
– "Arabic Top-Level Domain Names", In Proceedings of the 17th NCC, KAAU, Al-Madina Almunawarah, Saudi Arabia, 5-8 April, 2004, pp 281-296 [in Arabic]
– "Using Arabic Language in writing domain names", Arab journal of library and information science, Vol 22, No. 3, July 2002, pp. 21-38 [in Arabic].
– " Using Arabic Language in writing domain names ", In Proceedings of IACIT 2001, JUST, Irbid, Jordan, 13-15 Nov., 2001, pp 264-272 [in Arabic]
� Technical Reports – “Supporting the Arabic Language in Domain Names”, submitted to ADNTF-
ESCWA, October 2003• The base for the new RFC
– Status Report of the Arabic Linguistic Committee of AINC-September 2001– Status Report of the Arabic Linguistic Committee of AINC-April 2002
33333333
Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Conducting Web SurveysConducting Web SurveysConducting Web SurveysConducting Web SurveysConducting Web SurveysConducting Web SurveysConducting Web SurveysConducting Web Surveys
� 3 On-line web surveys
– cover most of the linguistic issues (1.1-1.11 , 2.2, 2.4) with more than 550 responses
� Collected information have been analyzed and compared with the recommendations of the AINC linguistic committee
� Results have been published and presented in conferences
44444444
Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Meeting Linguistic ExpertsMeeting Linguistic ExpertsMeeting Linguistic ExpertsMeeting Linguistic ExpertsMeeting Linguistic ExpertsMeeting Linguistic ExpertsMeeting Linguistic ExpertsMeeting Linguistic Experts
� SaudiNIC met with 4 Arabic linguists to get their guidance regarding the Arabic linguistic issues in domain names.
55555555
Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Information DisseminationInformation DisseminationInformation DisseminationInformation DisseminationInformation DisseminationInformation DisseminationInformation DisseminationInformation Dissemination
� Web sites (in Arabic and English)– http://www.arabic-domains.org.sa
� Participating in local/regional/international conferences and meetings
� Publishing scientific research papers
� Publishing articles in newspaper and magazine
� Radio programs
� Seminars to public and interested groups
66666666
Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Test Implementations Test Implementations Test Implementations Test Implementations ((((3333 levels levels levels levels))))Test Implementations Test Implementations Test Implementations Test Implementations ((((3333 levels levels levels levels))))
� Country level – Individually done be some Arab countries (ccTLDs)
• Arabic.English , e.g., �ق�.com.sa• Problem of mixing languages (left-to-right and right-to-left)
� GCC level (2004-2005)– During the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) ccTLDs
group meeting on 7 March 2004, • “A Technical Proposal for Implementing Arabic Domain
names in the GCC Countries” was presented and accepted
– A technical taskforce was formed and assigned the task to implement the proposal within 6 months
� Arab world (2005 - now)– The recommendations of the 2nd meeting of the Working
Group on Arabic Domain Names, Cairo, May 2005:• Extend the GCC Pilot Project for Arabic Domain Names to
include all members of the Arab League (22 countries). • Renamed it to be "Arabic Domain Names Pilot Project”.• Under the auspices of the Arab League.
– Implemented a browser plug-in
77777777
ae, bh, kw, om, qa, sa
� Participated in the new ICANN Arabic example.test domains ( إ��ر .���ل )
– Moderate the Arabic site for the IDNwiki gateway
– Published a technical report about the test “IDN Top Level Domain Evaluations and Testing Report”
� Develop many tools and systems that supports Arabic domain names
– Browser plug-in “Arabic.Arabic”
– Simple IDN registry system
– IDN/ADN converter interface and many other tools
Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Work Done so far Other Testing and buildingOther Testing and buildingOther Testing and buildingOther Testing and buildingOther Testing and buildingOther Testing and buildingOther Testing and buildingOther Testing and building……………………77777777
Part II
Arabic Domain Name Pilot Project
ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
� Arabic Domain Name pilot Project (ADNPP)
� Established on 9th of May 2005 under the Arab League (not commercial)
� It’s a test bed for Arabic domain names (ADN) in the Arab region that will continue until the recognition of Arabic TLDs
� This will allow all Arab countries to early experience the use of Arabic domain names– identify their needs
– agree on standards
– locate possible problems
– and develop required tools and policies
ADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPP: : : : : : : : Goals & objectivesGoals & objectivesGoals & objectivesGoals & objectivesGoals & objectivesGoals & objectivesGoals & objectivesGoals & objectives
� Establish and implement Arabic domain names.
� Increase the Internet use in the Arab world by making the Internet easier to use for native Arabic speakers.
� Gain experience and knowledge of using Arabic domain names and share it with the Internet community.
� Test the implantations of Arabic domain names based on the guidelines drafted by the “Arabic Team for Domain Names”.
� Develop necessary tools required for Arabic domain names and DNS.
ADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPP: : : : : : : : Participants + DurationParticipants + DurationParticipants + DurationParticipants + DurationParticipants + DurationParticipants + DurationParticipants + DurationParticipants + Duration
� Participants
– All members of Arab League are invited to participate in this pilot project
� Duration
– Open . will continue as a test bed until the recognition of Arabic TLDs by concerned international bodies .
ADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPP: : : : : : : : Work done so farWork done so farWork done so farWork done so farWork done so farWork done so farWork done so farWork done so far
� Establish and activate the Steering and TechnicalCommittees
� Prepare and maintain a website for the project– www.arabic-domains.org
� Prepare the Arabic DNS root servers
� Prepare the Arabic ccTLD servers for the participating countries and connect them with the Arabic root servers
� Start registering and testing Arabic domain names
� Test and develop tools supporting the use of Arabic domain names
� Participate in local and regional activities related to Arabic domain names
ADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPPADNPP: : : : : : : : Participants so farParticipants so farParticipants so farParticipants so farParticipants so farParticipants so farParticipants so farParticipants so far
� Participated Countries:
– United Arab Emirates
– Saudi Arabia
– Qatar
– Oman
– Palestine
– Egypt
– Tunisia
– Syria
– Jordan
– Morocco
– Libya
ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: Reaching Arabic DomainsReaching Arabic DomainsReaching Arabic DomainsReaching Arabic DomainsReaching Arabic DomainsReaching Arabic DomainsReaching Arabic DomainsReaching Arabic Domains
� User can reach Arabic domain names through
1. Using ADNPP Root servers• Through participating ISPs
• Using browser that support IDN
2. Using plug-in (Arbic.Arabic)• Work for both MS IE and Mozilla Firefox
AR-ROOT.NIC.NET.SA (Arabic Root Server)
AR-ROOT.NIC.AE(Arabic Root Server)
• Slave for all the Arabic ccTLDs.(Only NS records + any Glue A records)
• Master for all the Arabic ccTLDs.(Only NS records + any Glue A records)
AR-CCTLD.NIC.NET.SA (SA Arabic ccTLD Server)
• Master for .”ا���د�� “
NS1.UAENIC.AE(AE Arabic ccTLD Server)
• Master for .”ا23�رات“
AR-ROOT.QATAR.NET.QA(QA Arabic ccTLD Server)
• Master for “4 5”.
Arabic Root servers
Arabic ccTLD servers
”ا���د�� “ ”ا23�رات “ “4 5”
“ .”
Proxy
QueryResponse
InternetInternet
User
ISP
Web server
ا���د��.أه? <=> ;: 95�2
ADNPP CurrentADNPP CurrentSolutionSolution
AR-ROOT.NIC.NET.SA AR-ROOT.NIC.AE
”ا���د��“ ”ا23�رات“ “4 5”
“.”
ADN Solution
DNS SystemDNS System
sa ae eg sy…
.
DNS Resolver
Firewall
Participating in ADNPP
Proxy
QueryResponse
InternetInternet
User
ISP
Web server
ا���د��.أه? <=> ;: 95�2
ADNPP PluginADNPP PluginSolutionSolution
AR-ROOT.NIC.NET.SA AR-ROOT.NIC.AE
”ا���د��“ ”ا23�رات“ “4 5”
“.”
ADN Solution
DNS SystemDNS System
sa ae eg sy…
.
DNS Resolver
Firewall
ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ““““““““Arabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.Arabic”””””””” PluginPluginPluginPluginPluginPluginPluginPlugin
� Version is 1.1– Supports Windows OS (2000, XP)– Works with IE 6– Auto update checking.– Support the IDN punycode converting (IDNA)– Interacts only with Arabic domain names (participant counties)– Support the ADNPP non-plugin solution (old way)– Change the Arabic domain name to real domain:
� adn.sa. 95�2xn--4gbrim.adn.sa �ا���د�� . 95�2
� Version is 1.2 :– Windows OS (2000, XP, Vista)– Works with IE6 & IE7
� Version is 1.3 (FireFox & IE) :– Support most OS (Windows ,Linux)– Support IE7 & Firefox– Recognize spaces in domain names– Add the default country to the domain name
ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ““““““““Arabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.Arabic”””””””” Examples IEExamples IEExamples IEExamples IE6666Examples IEExamples IEExamples IEExamples IE6666
ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ““““““““Arabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.Arabic”””””””” Examples IEExamples IEExamples IEExamples IE7777Examples IEExamples IEExamples IEExamples IE7777
ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ADNPP: ““““““““Arabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.ArabicArabic.Arabic”””””””” Examples Examples Examples Examples Examples Examples Examples Examples FireFoxFireFoxFireFoxFireFoxFireFoxFireFoxFireFoxFireFox
Part IIIManaging ADN under
ا;:89د56 .
Managing ADN: Managing ADN: Managing ADN: Managing ADN: Managing ADN: Managing ADN: Managing ADN: Managing ADN: IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
� SaudiNIC has opened the registration of Arabic domain names under ( ا;:89د56 . ) for test purposes on 26-Sep-2005 (22/8/1426 H)
� Following the regulations of the Arabic Domain Names Pilot Project (www.arabic-domains.org)
Managing ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADN : : : : : : : : Accomplishments Accomplishments Accomplishments Accomplishments ((((1/21/21/21/2))))Accomplishments Accomplishments Accomplishments Accomplishments ((((1/21/21/21/2))))
� Writing registration policies for Arabic domains ( ا;:89د56. ).� Publishing a section in SaudiNIC website about ADNs:
– http://www.nic.net.sa/adn.php
� Making announcements through the media regarding– Arabic Domain Names Pilot Project
– The launching date for accepting Arabic domains requests under ( ا���د��. )
� Building forms and tools:– Online form for submitting registration requests.
– Online form for instant modification.
– Whois service.
– Zone builder for (د�����ا).– ADN Registration System.
– Provide domain hosting choices for ADN.
– ADN plug-in Arabic.Arabic ( :>4E.:>4E )
– …
Managing ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADN : : : : : : : : Accomplishments Accomplishments Accomplishments Accomplishments ((((2/22/22/22/2))))Accomplishments Accomplishments Accomplishments Accomplishments ((((2/22/22/22/2))))
� IDN/ADN Converting Tool:
– Convert domain names form IDN to ASCII and vice versa.
� DNS checker for Arabic Domains:
– Check if an IDN domain name is hosted on any name servers.
� Host checker for Arabic Domains:
– Resolve IDN domains to the correspondent IP address and vice versa.
� Zone file editor for Arabic domains:
– Create and manage Arabic zone files easily using this zone editor.
Managing ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADN : : : : : : : : Policies and RegulationsPolicies and RegulationsPolicies and RegulationsPolicies and RegulationsPolicies and RegulationsPolicies and RegulationsPolicies and RegulationsPolicies and Regulations
� Governed by the policies and regulations of the ADNPP
� Utilize the .SA policies as a template for the Arabic domains
� Flat Registration under ( 56ا;:89د)
� First come first serve (matching the policies)
� ….
Managing ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADN : : : : : : : : Policies and Regulations ..Policies and Regulations ..Policies and Regulations ..Policies and Regulations ..Policies and Regulations ..Policies and Regulations ..Policies and Regulations ..Policies and Regulations ..
� Domain names format (based on the ADNPP guidelines) :– Length from 3 to 30 (approximate).
– Consists of the main 28 Arabic letters and their possible shapes.• U0621-U063A + U0641-U064A
– Use Dash (-) as word separators.
– Domain should start with the entity type or activities• UM=�– ��دي – O2 – PQRS�2ر4M – �Nآ� – �E�JK2 – إدارة –وزارة
– Match spelling and grammar rules (manually).
– No registration for individuals (temporary).
– Not permitted:• Mixing between languages and scripts.
• Kasheeda(�V�� Sا)• Tashkeel (diacritica) and Shaddah
• Numbers (temporary)
• Character folding
• Combining many Arabic words without separator.
Managing ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADN : : : : : : : : Reg. ProcedureReg. ProcedureReg. ProcedureReg. ProcedureReg. ProcedureReg. ProcedureReg. ProcedureReg. Procedure
� Reading and agreeing on SaudiNIC ADN Policies.
� Having an active .sa domain name.
� Choosing appropriate Arabic domain names
– Guidelines that helps choosing Arabic domain name.
� Filling the online form.
� Sending a conformation letter to SaudiNIC.
– Confirm reading the policies!
Managing ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADN : : : : : : : : Technical IssuesTechnical IssuesTechnical IssuesTechnical IssuesTechnical IssuesTechnical IssuesTechnical IssuesTechnical Issues
� Domain name hosting choices :
– URL forwarding/Redirecting (shared hosting)
– IP addressing (dedicated/IP-based hosting)
– Pointing to name servers (full DNS hosting)• If ISP familiar with IDN/ADN
� Use UTF-8 for all data.
� Store the puny-code for the ADN.
Managing ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADNManaging ADN : : : : : : : : Learned LessonsLearned LessonsLearned LessonsLearned LessonsLearned LessonsLearned LessonsLearned LessonsLearned Lessons
� It is difficult to predict and control user behavior:– Need to study it carefully (manual)
– Develop and place policies and procedure accordantly
� Users submit many requests for Arabic domains:– With Arabic spelling Mistakes! ( ��N�2أ)– With English pronunciation in Arabic letters. ( Oور Oوا� )
– Popular and general names of future selling purposes. (W�4Sإ�)
� Lake of support from vendors and ISPs:– Provide IDN services (e.g. applications / web and DNS
hosting)
Part VI
“Example.Test”Report
““““““““Example.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.Test”””””””” Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : MotiveMotiveMotiveMotiveMotiveMotiveMotiveMotive
� “Nothing scratch your back like your nail “- Arabic saying
� On 15th October 2007 ICANN lunched 11 Internationalized top level domain names along with their wiki pages gateways– Member of the ADNPP volunteered to moderate the Arabic IDN
wiki gateway
� The technical committee of the ADNPP conducted a team to test the Arabic top level domain name “ إ��ر.���ل ” and summarized their findings in a technical report– Goal: Share the report with Internet community and domain name
industry
““““““““Example.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.Test”””””””” Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : MethodologyMethodologyMethodologyMethodologyMethodologyMethodologyMethodologyMethodology
� Steps:– Define test cases and scenarios
– Conduct the test and evaluation
– Summarize results generate statistics
– Publish the technical report
� Generate and approve 13 test cases that focus on:– Ability of the new Arabic TLD to work on some
applications and OSs
– Appearance of the URL (domain name + protocol + target path) or e-mail in the applications.
– Arabic language (U-Label) and Puny-code (A-Label)
““““““““Example.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.Test”””””””” Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Test CasesTest CasesTest CasesTest CasesTest CasesTest CasesTest CasesTest Cases
Send e-mail from the web site of popular mail providers (Hotmail, Yahoo, Gmail) to IDN TLD email.13
Send e-mail from your mail client to IDN TLD email.12
(http://)+(xn--mgbh0fb.xn--kgbechtv)+
(/ �����)
Write the domain name directly in the address bar of the browser with protocol and Arabic sub folder.11
(http://)+(xn--mgbh0fb.xn--kgbechtv)+
(/test)
Write the domain name directly in the address bar of the browser with protocol and sub folder10
(http://)+(xn--mgbh0fb.xn--kgbechtv)
Write the domain name directly in the address bar of the browser with protocol and without sub folder.09
(xn--mgbh0fb.xn--kgbechtv)Write the domain name directly in the address bar of the browser without protocol and sub folder.08
Test cases in Latina Script
http:// Try to click a link inside an email from your mail client.07إ�� �ر .�ل
(mailtest@ إ�� �ر .�ل )Send e-mail from the web site of popular mail providers (Hotmail, Yahoo, Gmail) to IDN TLD email.06
(mailtest@ إ�� �ر . �ل )Send e-mail from your mail client to IDN TLD email.05
(http://)+( إ�� �ر . �ل )+l(/ �����)Write the domain name directly in the address bar of the browser with protocol and Arabic sub folder.04
(http://)+( إ�� �ر . �ل )+(/test)Write the domain name directly in the address bar of the browser with protocol and sub folder.03
(http://)+( إ�� �ر . �ل )Write the domain name directly in the address bar of the browser with a protocol and without sub
folder.02
( إ�� �ر .�ل )Write the domain name directly in the address bar of the browser without protocol (e.g., http) and sub
folder.01
Test cases in Arabic Script
ExampleTest CaseTC#
““““““““Example.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.Test”””””””” Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : What wasWhat wasWhat wasWhat wasWhat wasWhat wasWhat wasWhat was testedtestedtestedtestedtestedtestedtestedtested
� Operation systems:– Windows XP
– Windows Vista
– Mac OS X
– Linux (ubuntu)
� Web-based Applications– Yahoo Mail
– Google Mail (Gmail)
– Microsoft Mail (Hotmail)
� Desktop Applications– Internet Explorer, version 6.0
– Internet Explorer, version 7.0
– FireFox, version 2.0
– FireFox, version 3.0b
– Opera, version 9.24
– Safari, version 3.0
– Office Outlook 2003
– Outlook Express version 6.0
– Thunderbird 2.0
– Apple Mail version 2.1
““““““““Example.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.Test”””””””” Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : ResultsResultsResultsResultsResultsResultsResultsResults
� During the execution of the test cases, we focuses on:
– Was the request (email, URL) arrived to its target?
– Was the Arabic domain name displayed as it is (U-Label) or it was altered to its puny-code (A-Label)?
– Is the domain name readable with the other URL components: protocol and sub folders (RTL)?
““““““““Example.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.Test”””””””” Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Results (Sample)Results (Sample)Results (Sample)Results (Sample)Results (Sample)Results (Sample)Results (Sample)Results (Sample)
TC#1:Failed TC#2:Failed TC#3:Failed TC#4:Failed TC#8:Success TC#9:Success TC#10:Success TC#11: Failed
Is the domain name readable with the other URL components: protocol and sub folders?
3
TC#1: SuccessTC#2: SuccessTC#3: SuccessTC#4: SuccessTC#8: Failed, it showed the puny-codeTC#9: Failed, it showed the puny-codeTC#10: Failed, it showed the puny-codeTC#11: Failed, it showed the puny-code
Was the domain name displayed as it is? Or it was altered to its puny-code?
2
TC#1:Failed TC#2:Failed TC#3:Failed TC#4:Failed TC#8:Success TC#9:Success TC#10:Success TC#11:Success
Was the request arrived?1
Result answerResult question#
Internet Explorer 6.0 (Windows XP)
““““““““Example.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.Test”””””””” Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Statistics (Sample)Statistics (Sample)Statistics (Sample)Statistics (Sample)Statistics (Sample)Statistics (Sample)Statistics (Sample)Statistics (Sample)
““““““““Example.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.Test”””””””” Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)
Protocol Name
Directory/ Folder
Domain Name
““““““““Example.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.TestExample.Test”””””””” Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Report : Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)Problems (Sample)
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