• Aqua-Aerobic Systems – KMS Partnership

• Traditional MBR Approach

• Aqua-Aerobic Time-managed Biological Approach

• Bioreactor Operation & Membrane Integration

• Traditional Membrane Issues

• KMS Puron® Membrane Technology

• Membrane Module Design & Construction

• Membrane Cleaning Operations

Aqua-Aerobic™ MBR Topics

Aqua-Aerobic Systems, Inc.Biological Membrane Systems

Development

AquaSBR®

1986

Aqua MSBR®

1991

AquaMB Process®

2003

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

2005

MBR Pilot

Rockton Illinois

1999

MB Pilot

UC Davis

2002

Aqua Aerobic: Membrane Development

Aqua-Aerobic MBR™ Membrane Bioreactor

•Integrates PURON®

Submerged Membranes

Into An Aqua-Aerobic

Time-Managed

Biological Process

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Aqua Aerobic MBR System Overview

A. Headworks

• Coarse Screening (6 mm, ¼”) – Optional?

• Grit Removal – Optional?

• Fine Screening (1-3 mm) – Required!

B. Biological Process

• Time Managed Processes

• MLSS = 8,000-10,000 mg/l

C. Membrane Filtration

• Puron™ Submerged Membranes

• 0.05 Micron Filtration

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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• Sequencing Batch Reactor (batch)

• Phased Activated Sludge (continuous)

Aqua-Aerobic® MBRTreatment Modes

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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AquaSBR System

• 20+ Years & >900 Installations

• Best Lifecycle Costs of Activated Sludge

• Proven BNR Performance

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Typical MBR

BNR (Denitrification & P Removal)

Anaerobic AnoxicAerobic

10,000 mg/l

Membranes

Membranes

1Q

4Q

3-4 QPURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Effluent NO3-N vs. Recycle Rate

1,800%

0%

200%

400%

600%

800%

1,000%

1,200%

1,400%

1,600%

0 2 4 6 8 10

Desired Effluent Nitrate Concentration (mg/L)

Req

uir

ed

Rec

yc

le F

low

Rate

(Perc

en

t o

f in

flu

en

t fl

ow

)

Internal N03-N Recycle Pump Not Required with Aqua-Aerobic® MBR!

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Typical MBR

BNR (Denitrification & P Removal)

Anaerobic AnoxicAerobic

10,000 mg/l

Membranes

Membranes

1Q

4Q

3-4 QPURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Multi-Stage MBR

Common Issues relating to BNR:

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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1. Design suited for all conditions:

• 100% of Design

• Initial Conditions (5-25% of Design)

2. Nitrate Control

• Excessive DO in Membrane Tank Recycle

• Improper return of RAS (to Anaerobic/Anoxic)

• Actual Detention Time in unit Processes (RAS)

• Mixing with Aeration in Aerobic Tanks

SBR2

10,000 mg/l

Membranes

Membranes

4Q

SBR1

10,000 mg/l

Aqua Aerobic® MBR Process

Simplified Process Flow

•Reduced Internal Recycle (3-5Q) for BNR

•Reduced Unit Processes

•Time-Managed/Controlled Bio-Process

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Conventional AquaSBR® Cycle Structure

Metal Salt Addition (for TP < 1 mg/l)

Phases Not Required in

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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AquaSBR System –With Membranes

Volume Reduction Advantage

1. Full Utilization (24 hours/day) of Aeration/Mixing

a) Settle & Decant Phases Not Required

b) Adds 33-38% to actual Treatment Cycle

2. Elevated MLSS from 4,500 mg/l to 10,000 mg/l

3. Reduced Cycle Duration

a) More, but smaller batches (from 5 to 12 cpd)

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR: DesignGeneral Arrangement

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Flux Control: Design ConditionsInherent Equalization

React Fill React Draw

Anaer. O2 Anox O2 O2Anox

Max Design Flow

Ave Design Flow

Fmax

Fopt

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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SBR2

10,000 mg/l

Membranes

Membranes

4Q

SBR1

10,000 mg/l

Aqua Aerobic® MBR Process

Continuous-Flow, Batch ReactionTime: 0 to 60 minutes

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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SBR2

10,000 mg/l

Membranes

Membranes

4Q

SBR1

10,000 mg/l

Aqua Aerobic® MBR Process

Continuous-Flow, Batch ReactionTime: 60 to 120 minutes

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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React Fill React Draw

Anaer. O2 Anox O2 O2AnoxReactor 1

React FillReact Draw

Anaer. O2 AnoxO2 O2AnoxReactor 2

Batch Treatment ModeDual-Basin Relationship

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Batch Treatment ModeStart Mixed Fill – LWL

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Batch Treatment ModeEnd React Fill – HWL

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Batch Treatment ModeStart React Draw – HWL

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Batch Treatment ModeEnd React Draw – LWL

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Aqua-Aerobic® MBR Animation

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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React Fill React Draw

Anaer. O2 Anox O2 O2Anox

Fopt Fzero Fopt

Flux Control: Initial Plant Flow

• Optimal Flux Used For Membranes

• Relaxation During Anoxic Stage, Recycle From MT Eliminated

• No Oxygen Input From Air Scour During Anoxic StagePURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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AquaMBR: Biological ReactorIndependent Aeration & Mixing

Aqua Aerobic MBR: Biological ReactorComplete Line of Aeration Options

AquaMBR: Biological ReactorRetrievable Fine Bubble Aeration

Aqua Aerobic MBR: Biological ReactorBio & Membrane Scour Air Delivery

Photo Gallery

Aqua Aerobic MBR: Biological ReactorControl Systems – PLC based with SCADA Option

• Superior Management Of Process Environment

• Lowest Energy Cost Of Membrane-coupled

BNR Systems

• Inherent Hydraulic & Constituent Equalization

• Predictive Sludge Feed To Membrane Tank

• Proven & Reliable Nutrient Removal

Performance

• SCADA & Instrument Friendly Process

(Intellipro® Ready)

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR AdvantagesBiological Portion

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Aqua-Aerobic® MBR: DesignMembrane Tank

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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PURON® Membrane Technology

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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•Membrane Filtration

−Local dewatering of the

sludge

−Concentration of solids in

module may lead to

blocking of module

•Design Goals

−Safe flushing of solid

matter out of module

−Robust design to minimize

problem components

(hairs, fibers, ...)

•Solids Management

PURON® Membrane TechnologyIdentifying Process Issues

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Clogging

Clogging by hairsand fibrous materialat the upper end

Sedimentation of sludgein poorly aerated

potting area

Sludging Filtrate

Consequence = reduced filtration rate

PURON® Membrane TechnologyPerformance Challenges – Double Header Design

Edge clogging

Low flow rate on

the edges leads

to clogging

Gap clogging

are susceptible

plate gaps

to clogging

Uneven

Resulting in: high aeration rates

PURON® Membrane TechnologyPerformance Challenges – Panel (Flat Sheet) Membranes

fiber cages

air injectionmodule-

element

filtratefiltrate

PURON – module row

Filtrate

Individually Sealed

Hollow Fibers

One side potting

Central air injection

+

Reduced clogging and sludging

Reduced energy consumption for aeration

main advantages

PURON® Membrane TechnologyDesign Issues – Single Header Concept

Air Supply

Module Rows

Air Distribution

FiberSupport

PermeateRemoval In Each

Row

Permeate

Permeate Collector

Open End FibersIndividually

Sealed

ModuleFrame

MountingDevice

PURON® Membrane TechnologyModule Unit Construction

10 µm

2 µm 2 µm 2 µm 2 µm 2 µm

Membrane Cross Section

Enlargement: 10,000 x

Braided Support Membrane Surface

Supported Hollow Fiber

2.6 mm

Filtrate

Mixed

Liquor

PURON® Membrane TechnologyHollow Fiber Design & Construction

5,400 ft2 (500 m2) Module

Module Designation

PURON A30HS PURON A235HS PURON A500HS

Length (ft) 0.75 3.5 6.6

Width (ft) 3.3 3.3 3.3

Effective Fiber Length (ft) 5.9 5.9 5.9

No. of Rows 1 8 17

Bundles per Row 9 9 9

Surface Area (m2) 30 m2 235 m2 500 m2

Dimensions

PURON® Membrane TechnologyModule Standard Models

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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• Sludge-side air scouring, continuous or intermittent

Three cleaning methods to maintain permeability:

• Permeate backflush

• Chemical cleaning, in intervals or operational related

Aqua-Aerobic® MBRCleaning Methods

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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0

-10

-20

-30

10

20

30

40

50

Flu

x (

lmh)

60 120 180 240 300 360 400

Time (sec)

BackwashingGross Flux vs. Net Flux

1. Maintenance Cleaning (In-Situ)

– Typical chemicals include NaOCl and Citric Acid

– NaOCl Concentration: 500 – 1000 ppm

– Citric Acid Concentration: pH = 3

– Backflush at 3 – 6 l/m2/hr during dosing for 30-45 minutes

for each chemical

– Ideally, each 2-3 weeks - Automated

2. Recovery Cleaning

– Same chemicals

– NaOCl Concentration: 2,000 ppm

– Citric Acid Concentration: pH = 3

– Sludge drained and membranes submerged in chemicals

– Approximately 24 hours for entire process

– Ideally, each 6-12 months – Semi Automated

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR Chemical Cleaning Methods

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Aqua-Aerobic® MBRPilot Plant

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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• Single Header Design – Reduced Clogging

• Sludge Side Air Scour – Reduced Sludging

• Automatic Permeate Backflush

• Reinforced, Braided Fiber

• Lower Pre-Treatment Dependency

• Automated In-situ Chemical Cleaning

• Standard Sizes For Submerged Models

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR AdvantagesMembrane Portion

PURON® Technology

Aqua-Aerobic® MBR

Advantages

Cleaning Methods

Phases of Treatment

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Membranes

Biological Processes

Aqua Financing

Aeration and Mixing

Customer Services

Aqua Controls

Filtration