april, 2003ikta-88/2001 institute of graphology, hexium, bmf nik development of an autonomous,...
TRANSCRIPT
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Development of an Autonomous,
Reliable, High Quality Signature Verification Device
• Institute of Graphology, Ltd.
• Hexium Ltd.
• Budapest Polytechnic, John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Table of contents
• Project goals
• Participants
• Preliminary results
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Signature verification – project goals
• Develop a device prototype device:
• Capable of verifying signatures of individuals
• High precision, reliable
• Compact, autonomous device
• Can be used to verify both static (“off-line
verification”) and dynamic (on-line) signatures
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Applications
• Money transfer
• Other bank operations
• Bank card purchases, check redemption
• Criminalistic applications
• Governmental applications
• Record office
• Verifying signatures on contracts
• Jurisdiction processes
• Supporting the work of graphology experts
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Members of the consortium
• Institute of Graphology, Ltd.
(Dr. Tamás Agárdi)
• Hexium Ltd.
(Dr. Tamás Nagy)
• Budapest Polytechnic John von Neumann Faculty of
Informatics
(Dr. László Kutor)
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Institute of Graphology, Ltd.
• Activities: research, education, consulting
• Topics: character analysis, vocational guidance, lie detection by graphological means, handwriting analysis, identification
• Contact information:1126 Budapest, Böszörményi út 20-22. Telephone: +36 1 201-5568Tel/Fax: +36 1 201-5569, 355-8193E-mail: [email protected]: www.grafint.hu
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Hexium Ltd.
• Activities: research, development, production (hardware, software)
• Topics: security, image processing, industrial measurement and process control
• Contact information:1134 Budapest, Váci út 51/bTelephone: +36 1 320-8338Telefax: +36 1 340-8072E-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]: www.hexium.hu
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
• Activities: Informatics education, research, development • Topics: Signal processing, biometrics, classification
• Contact information: 1034 Budapest
Nagyszombat u. 19. Telephone: +36 1 3684 610 Telefax: +36 1 3689 632 E-mai: [email protected] WWW: www.nik.bmf.hu
Budapest Polytechnic John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Project Phases• Phase 1: -March, 2002
Preparation, specifications• Phase 2: -January 2003
Corpus and algorithm development• Phase 3: -March 30, 2003
Hardware, demo• Phase 4: -June 30, 2003
Demo test, documentation
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Preliminary Results
• Results on dynamic (digitized) signatures
• Reliable digital signature acquisition
• Signature analyzing algorithms
• Signature database
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Calibrated dynamic signature measurement
Linearity Pressure Pen angle
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Calculated dynamic signature features
Measured features: - XY coordinates- pressure - pen angle
Calculated features: - signature length data - duration data- time functions
Velocity-, pressure-, pen angle functions
t t t
v p d
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Personal data Biometric profile
Signature database structures
Development database Decision database
Code Static sign. Dynamic sign. Calculated static feaures Calculated dynamic features
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Preliminary Results
• Results on static (scanned) signatures
• Corpus
• Algorithms
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Corpus design, corpus propertiesGoal: Representativeness!
• 2000 individuals• 15 min/person• 6 signatures for registration• 19 original (varying pen, size of region,..)
• 6 forgeries/individual • (skilled, simple, random)
• Balanced experiment design (many factors)
Altogether:
40,000 signatures15,000 pages
200 GB of disk space (compressed)
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Automatic processing
• Processing of forms
• Processing empty A4sheets
Example
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Manual Cleaning
Clean, large, high quality corpus
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Development of the Signature Verification Algorithms
• Generic scheme:
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Challenges
• The system must learn with a very limited set of samples (6!)..
• .. while rejecting forgeries
• Solution:• Learn a good prior of
signatures
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Results
• False rejection rate: 5%
• False acceptance rate (simple forgeries): 0.27%
• False acceptance rate (skilled forgeries): 18.99%
• Verification time: <0.5second/signature on a PIII 1GHz
• Memory requirements: <2MB (50KB/signature)
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Detection-error tradeoff curves
Simple forgeries
Skilled forgeries
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
Comparisions
Method FRR FAR-simple
FAR-skilled
Sansone&Vento [1] (one of the best published results)
2.04% 4.29% 19.8%
Trained human subjects (recent measurement)
23% n.a. 24% (actually on skilled+simple)
Our method; version A
5% 0.27% 18.9%
Our method; version B
23% 0% 4.5%[1] Sansone & Vento: “Signature Verification: IncreasingPerformance by a Multi-Stage System”, Pattern Analysis & Applications (2000)3:169–181
April, 2003IKTA-88/2001 Institute of Graphology, Hexium, BMF NIK
1126 Budapest, Böszörményi út 20-22. Telephone: +36 1 201-5568Tel/Fax: +36 1 201-5569, 355-8193E-mail: [email protected] Edit Tóth, project leaderWWW: www.grafint.hu
Contact Information