apport des mouvements forts et de la géodésie à l'étude de
TRANSCRIPT
Apport des mouvements forts et de la geodesie a l’etude
de la physique de la rupture sismique : application a
l’analyse de l’alea sismique
Bruno Hernandez
To cite this version:
Bruno Hernandez. Apport des mouvements forts et de la geodesie a l’etude de la physique dela rupture sismique : application a l’analyse de l’alea sismique. Geophysique [physics.geo-ph].Universite Joseph-Fourier - Grenoble I, 2000. Francais. <tel-00007600>
HAL Id: tel-00007600
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007600
Submitted on 2 Dec 2004
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open accessarchive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come fromteaching and research institutions in France orabroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, estdestinee au depot et a la diffusion de documentsscientifiques de niveau recherche, publies ou non,emanant des etablissements d’enseignement et derecherche francais ou etrangers, des laboratoirespublics ou prives.
������������ ������������������������! #"%$����&��"'�)(�+*)������, �.- ��/)�&"0���+1+23���� 4�65����+7
8�94:;=<=>@?�A@>CB :;#DFE :;=G 9FH&I�J >@K�LF;�M4E :;=G�< H >@N3>@;!M4E :;=G�N :;=<=?�OF>@K�LF;
PRQ4ST�U V WYX[Z]\^Z _^Wa`
bdc�c3efhg ij3kdl em noj3pqj�r+g�ktsuefhg�ktjvg ij
w�x y zj3ei zj3k){=j |x w�} z~ g+m�ij ij w�x �Y� � k){��m�j
ij w�x � m�cvg+m�f+j � {�k#pq{��m�j��obdc�c w {�� x g+{�er
|x w�} bdr xw6� k)j ij w�} b w�zj x � {�k#pq{��m�j
��������'���%�0�0��������� ��!�6�������0�����#�����4�'���@�0�%�������0�0�¡ =��¢%�0�=�����¤£¥�=��¦4���0§6¨��'�F©�) =��ª«�¬��®%¬'¯�°�±F²6³�´�²6µa¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶'«�·�¸¹ �º¼» ¹%½=¾�¹%¾ ²6¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾�¹%Á ·«�º ¹ ·�· ¹ °�²6Â�Ã)Ä�±Y¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶0±�Å�¬'Æ¡º ½ ¬ ¾�¹%Á ·Ç!º¼®�È ¹ ¯&É�´�Çh«FÂ�Ä&Ä&Ãa¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%µ6º�· ¹ ® ¾�¹%Á ·�» ¹)¾ È&ʹ ¹Ë�¬'Ì�·�º¼® ¹ É�Ã�Í�Í6Ã�³Î¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶@µ6º�· ¹ ® ¾�¹%Á ·�» ¹)¾ È&ʹ ¹Ï È�¬'Æ¡º ¾ ¬#µ6´ Ï ¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶�¶%¶%¶%¶%¶%¶@²6¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾�¹%Á ·
Ð0Ñ%ÒÓCÔ�Ó�Õ�Ö�×ÓCÕ�Ø�Ö�×ÓCÓ%Ø�Ù�Ú�Û%Ü@Ý�Þ�Û&ß0à á=â�Þ�ãäÛ%åCæ ç�è�ß'Ý�é=ê�æ éCë%Û%Ý�é�ì%æ é@í�æ ë%Û%Ý�é=î'ç�Û%Ü�ã Þ�ì�ïÛ%Ü@Ý�å%ðÝ�ß'Ý�é=ñ¼è%éCåCÞ�ã ã Þ�åCæ ç�è%é�ò�Û%ó�ã@ðÝ�Þ�æ Ü@Ý�é=ôäõ÷ö0ø�ù�úû�ü�ý�þ Ó ý Ø@ÿ�� Ø�Ù������ ü Ô�Ó¼Ô��%Ó þ Ø�Ù'Þ��'ç�Ü@Þ�åCç�æ Ü@Ý�ß'Ý� �ðÝ�ç�î�����éCæ ë%Û%ÝFñ¼è�åCÝ�Ü�è%Ý�Ý�å��0Ý�ó�åCç�è%ç�î�����éCæ ë%Û%Ý�ô�����Ô�ÓCÖ��@Ø þ�ü�� Ö�Ó���Ó���Ö�Ó ý�ü �� Ó!�
����������� ������� �
� ������� � ���������
É ¹�¾ ·�¬! �¬'º�¯&¬ ¸¹%¾ ¸¹ ·�¸¹ ¬'¯�º¼=¸¹ »�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ ®%¬�»=· ¹ »#" Á�½�¹ ®�À�¯�¯¼¬'Ì�À�·�¬ ¾ º�À ½�¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ ° Á · ¹ ¬ Á »#"ä±$ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½» ¹ �²�º¼&% Á�¹ Ï º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �¿�À Á ·�¯¼¬ Ï)(Á · ¹%¾ ¸¹ » ¹ � ½ ¾ ¬'¯�¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ &³ Á ®�¯%¸¹ ¬'º�· ¹ �ʬ�Ë�À ½=¾�¹%½ ¬!*,+ ´ Á Å,+ ²�À0 ¹ ¹%¾¯ ¹ Ä�¬'Ì�À�·�¬ ¾ À�º�· ¹ » ¹�- ¸¹ À�¿�È.*��º'% Á�¹  ½=¾�¹ · ½�¹�¹%¾ Í ¹ ® ¾ À ½ À�¿�È.*��º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯/"÷Ã6Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ À�º�· ¹ » ¹0- · ¹%½ À�Ì�¯ ¹21
3 ¹)¾ º ¹%½ �¬! �¬ ½=¾�¾ À Á�¾ ʬ#· ¹ Æ ¹ ·�®�º ¹ ·�Ë�¬'Ì�·�º¼® ¹ ÉFÀ ¾�¾ À ½!¹%¾ Ç!º¼®�È ¹ ¯&É�¬'Æ¡¿�º�¯�¯�À)¿�À Á ·�¬! 0À�º�·�¬�®%® ¹ ¿ ¾ ¸¹» ¹ »=º�·�º54 ¹ ·�Æ�¬ ¾ È&ʹ ¹)¹%¾ Æ6"ä¬! 0À�º�· ¹87 ®%¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ 4 Á º¼»�¸¹)¹%¾ ®�À ½ ¹ º�¯�¯%¸¹21
3 ¹ · ¹ Æ ¹ ·�®�º ¹ Ï È�¬'Æ¡º ¾ ¬¡µ�¬� ¹%¾ «�¬��®%¬'¯�° ¹ · ½ ¬'·�»!¿�À Á ·�¬! 0À�º�·�·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ¸¹ ® ¹ Æ�¸¹ Æ¡À�º�· ¹�¹%¾:9 " ¹ Å,+¿�·�º�Æ ¹�¾ À Á�¾�¹ Æ�¬#· ¹ ®�À ½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹ ʬ4«�º ¹ ·�· ¹ °�·�º�À�¯ ¹ ¿�À Á ·�¯/" º ½=¾ ¸¹ · (¹%¾ % Á " º�¯&¬4¿�· (¹%¾ ¸¹ ʬ4® ¹%¾�¾�¹)¾ È&ʹ ¹)¹%½¬�®%® ¹ ¿ ¾ ¬ ½=¾ »#" (¹%¾ · ¹ Æ ¹ Æ4Ì�· ¹ » ¹ Æ¡À ½;9 Á ·&* 1
3 ¹4¾ º ¹%½ 4ʬ ¹ Å=¿�·�º�Æ ¹ ·6Æ�¬4· ¹ ®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹ ʬ!É�¬ ¾ È ¹ ·�º ½�¹ Ä ¹ ®�À�Æ ¾�¹2< 3 ¹ ¬ ½ + ÉF¯¼¬ Á » ¹ °�¬'· ¹ �® Á�¾!<° ¹ · ½ ¬'·�»!°�À ½ º ½=< 3 ¹ ¬ ½ + Çh¬'·�®�«�¸¹ · ¹ ¹%¾ 3 ¹ ¬ ½ + ÉFÈ�·�º¼ ¾ À�¿�È ¹- ¬'·�º ¹ ¯�¿�À Á ·�Æ6"ä¬! 0À�º�·�¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼�» ¹ ·�¸¹ ¬>+¯�º¼ ¹ ·6® ¹%¾�¾�¹�¾ È&ʹ ¹ ¬ Á ¹ º ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä ½ ¾ º ¾�Á�¾ » ¹ «�·�À ¾�¹ ® ¾ º�À ½!¹%¾ » ¹ Ï)(Á · ¹%¾ ¸¹ ³ Á ®�¯%¸¹ ¬'º�· ¹21 3 ¹ · ¹ Æ ¹ ·�®�º ¹ ¯ ¹ÉFÀ�Æ¡Æ¡º¼��¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ ʬ�¯/"ä± ½�¹ ·&4�º ¹ ´ ¾ À�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ % Á º�¬@? ½ ¬ ½ ®�¸¹ Æ ¹ ¾ ·�À�º¼�¬ ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6» ¹)¾ È&ʹ ¹21Ç ¹ ·�®�º�Ã6À ½ ¬ < ´A4 ½ ʹ < É�¬ ¾ È ¹ ·�º ½�¹2< ÉFÈ�·�º¼ ¾ º ½�¹2< µ�¬'¿�È ½ ¸¹ + ´ ½�½�¹2<.- ¬'Ì�·�º ¹ ¯�¯ ¹2< -6¹%½�¹ =º@ʹ ¹2< 3 Á »=º ¾ È <
B)¬'·�º�Æ�¬ < Çh¬ 40¬'¯�º ¹2< Ç!À ½ º'% Á�¹2< «�¬��®%¬'¯ ¹2< Ï ¸¹ ¹ ·�º ½�¹2< Ë�·�¬ ½ ®�º¼ < Ë�·�¬ ½ ®DC < Ë�·�¸¹ »�¸¹ ·�º¼® <)- ¸¹ ·�¬'·�» < Çh¬'·�® <«�È�º�¯�º�¿�¿ ¹ Ä 15< «�È�º�¯�º�¿�¿ ¹0EF15< «�º ¹ ·�· ¹2< ²�¸¹ Æ�* ¹%¾ Ï ¾ ¸¹ ¿�È�¬ ½�¹ ¿�À Á ·6Æ6"ä¬! 0À�º�·� Á ¿�¿�À�· ¾ ¸¹G »�¬ ½ ¾ À Á �¯ ¹ ¹%½ �» Á3¾�¹ ·�Æ ¹IH ¬ Á ®�À Á ·�4» ¹ ® ¹ ¾ ·�À�º¼4¬ ½�½ ¸¹%¹ #¿�¬��=¸¹%¹ �¬ Á É ¹%½=¾ · ¹ »#"ä± ¾�Á » ¹ �³ Á ®�¯%¸¹ ¬'º�· ¹ #» ¹Ë�À ½=¾�¹%½ ¬!*,+ ´ Á Å,+ ²�À0 ¹ 1
J ½ 4�·�¬ ½ »�Æ ¹ ·�®�º�ʬ ¾ À Á �¯ ¹ �®�È ¹ ·�®�È ¹%Á ·� < º ½ 4�¸¹%½ º ¹%Á ·� < ¸¹%¾�Á »=º¼¬ ½=¾ < ¹ ®�·�¸¹%¾ ¬'º�· ¹ ¹%¾�¾�¹ ®�È ½ º¼®�º ¹%½ » Á Ä�¬'Ì�À�·�¬ ¾ À�º�· ¹ » ¹F- ¸¹ À�¿�È.*��º'% Á�¹  ½=¾�¹ · ½�¹�¹%¾ Í ¹ ® ¾ À ½ À�¿�È.*��º'% Á�¹ » ¹F- · ¹%½ À�Ì�¯ ¹21µ Á ·�¬ ½=¾ Æ ¹ �Ì�·%ʹ ¹ K =º¼�º ¾�¹ )ʬ Ï À�¿�È�º¼¬4´ ½=¾ º�¿�À�¯�º¼ <L9 "ä¬'º�¬'¿�¿�·�¸¹ ®�º%¸¹ ¯/"ä¬�®%® Á�¹ º�¯ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �»=º¼�® Á ��º�À ½
¬! ¹ ®�¯ ¹ F¿ ¹ ·��À ½�½�¹ �®�À�Æ¡¿�À0�¬ ½=¾ ¯ ¹ Ä�¬'Ì�À�·�¬ ¾ À�º�· ¹ » ¹ Ï ®�º ¹%½ ® ¹ F» ¹ ¯¼¬#Í ¹ ·�· ¹ + - ¸¹ À0�®�º ¹%½ ® ¹ �´AM Á · <½ À ¾ ¬'Æ ¹%½=¾ Ë�·�¬ ½$N®�À�º¼ ¹ ÉFÀ Á ·�Ì�À Á ¯ ¹ Å < Ï ¾ ¸¹ ¿�È�¬ ½�¹�- ¬>O ¹%¾!< ±�·�º¼®hÉ�¬'¯¼¬'º¼ < ´ ½=¾ È�À ½ * Ä�À�Æ�¬'Å < Í&À ½ *Ç!À ½QP · ¹%¾�¹%¾ ´ ½�½�¹ µ ¹ �®�È�¬'Æ¡¿� 1
3 ¹ · ¹ Æ ¹ ·�®�º ¹ ³6º¼®�À�¯¼¬� ¹%¾ ²�À0�¬ Ï È�¬'¿�º�·�À�¿�À Á ·)¯ ¹%Á ·�¬�®%® Á�¹ º�¯�®�È�¬'¯ ¹%Á · ¹%Á Å�¯�À�·��» ¹ Æ¡À ½ =¸¹R9 À Á ·¬ Á Ç ¹ Å=º'% Á�¹21´ Á ®�À Á ·�6» ¹ Æ�¬ ¾ È&ʹ ¹2<L9 "ä¬'º�¿�¬'· ¾ º¼®�º�¿�¸¹ ¬ Á Å ¹%½ ¹ º54 ½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ F» Á µ�± Ï�Ï - ¸¹%½ º ¹S- ¸¹ À�¯�ÀI4�º'% Á�¹ ʬ
¯/"TJ ½ º5 ¹ ·��º ¾ ¸¹ »#"÷Ã6·��¬!*@+ «�¬'·�º¼ Ï Á »FU) < »�¬ ½ F¯ ¹ ®%¬�»=· ¹ »#" Á�½ Æ¡À=» Á ¯ ¹ Á ·F¯ ¹ �·�º¼&% Á�¹ 1 3 ¹ · ¹ Æ ¹ ·�®�º ¹3 ¹ ¬ ½ °¡¸¹ Ì�º ¹%½ ¿�À Á ·�® ¹%¾�¾�¹ º ½ º ¾ º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ ʬ�¯/" ¹%½ ¹ º54 ½�¹ Æ ¹%½0¾!1Çh¬���º�Æ¡À�ÉFÀ=®%®�À < ²6¬F¸Á ¯#Çh¬�»�¬'·�º¼¬ 40¬ < Ï À�¿�È�º ¹ « ¹ *=·�¬ ¾!< Ï È�·�º�B�·�º¼�È ½ ¬ Ï º ½ 4�È < Çh¬'·�º ¹ + «�¬ Á ¯ ¹
� ����������� �������
°�À Á º ½=< Ç!º¼®�È ¹ ¯�°�À Á ®�È�À ½=< ´6·�Ì ¹%½ ¿�º ¾�¾ ¬'·&C�¬ ¹%¾�� À0�È�º�Æ¡º ¾ Á Ë Á C Á �È�º�Æ�¬6Æ6" À ½=¾ P ¬'º ¾ Ì�¸¹%½ ¸¹ ? ®�º ¹ · < ʬÁ�½ Æ¡À�Æ ¹%½=¾ À Á ʬ Á�½ ¬ Á�¾ · ¹2< » ¹ ¯ ¹%Á · ¹ Å=¿�¸¹ ·�º ¹%½ ® ¹ �®�º ¹%½=¾ º ? % Á�¹21
3 ¹ · ¹ Æ ¹ ·�®�º ¹�¾ À Á�¾�¹ F¯ ¹ F¿ ¹ ·��À ½�½�¹ % Á º�Æ6" À ½=¾ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼�»#"ä¬! 0À�º�·�¬�®%®�ʹ �ʬ#» ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �º ½=¾ ¸¹ · ¹ +�¬ ½=¾�¹ 1 3 ¹ · ¹ Æ ¹ ·�®�º ¹�¾ À Á�¾ ¿�¬'· ¾ º¼® Á ¯�º@ʹ · ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ µ6º¼»=º ¹ ·�Çh¬���À ½�½�¹%¾!< Ï ¬'¯5 �¬ ¾ À�· ¹ Ï ¾ ·�¬'Æ¡À ½ »=À <�� ¬'· Á C0ÀÏ ¹ C=º54 Á �È�º < °�¬'¯#B�·�º¼�È ½ ¬#²6¬� ¾ ÀI4�º < Ä ¹ À ½ ¬'·�»=À4´6¯¼®&¸¬ ½=¾ ¬'·�¬ < 30¬! =º ¹ ·F«�¬�®�È ¹ ®�À ¹%¾K- ·�¬ ½=¾ Í 1 Ä�º ½ »=¯ ¹ * 1
3 ¹ · ¹ Æ ¹ ·�®�º ¹ ¬ Á ��º <�¾ À Á 4® ¹%Á Å�% Á º�¯�À�·��» ¹ ®�À ½ 4�·%ʹ < » ¹ =¸¹ Æ¡º ½ ¬'º�· ¹ < » ¹ Æ¡º¼��º�À ½ )À Á ¿�¬'·¯/" º ½=¾�¹ ·�Æ3¸¹ »=º¼¬'º�· ¹ » ¹ ®�À Á ·�·�º ¹ ·�¡¸¹ ¯ ¹ ® ¾ ·�À ½ º'% Á�¹ �Æ6" À ½=¾ P ¬'º ¾ Ì�¸¹%½ ¸¹ ? ®�º ¹ ·�» ¹ ¯ ¹%Á ·��®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹ 1
3 ¹ · ¹ Æ ¹ ·�®�º ¹&¹%½ ? ½=< Æ ¹ �¿�¬'· ¹%½=¾ ¹%¾ Æ¡À ½ P ·%ʹ · ¹ ¿�À Á ·�¯ ¹%Á ·&�À Á�¾ º ¹%½#¹%¾Q9 ¹ ¯ ¹%Á ·&»�¸¹ »=º ¹ ® ¹ Æ�¸¹ Æ¡À�º�· ¹» ¹)¾ È&ʹ ¹21
���� ��������
�� �� �� ��
��)����!��� � ��� ���=� � � � ��� ���R��!� � � ��� ��� ������ ������ ��� � �� �"! �� �#��� � � ��� �6��$�%)���'&�� � � ��� �#�)�=�#�) � ��� ���(�'&�� �*) ���)� � �'+2�.�#� ��� �� �"! ���)� � %)� � � ���"! � � �� � ��� ���(�'&�� �É ¹!¾ ·�¬! �¬'º�¯ ¹ ¾ ®�À ½ �¬�®�·�¸¹ ʬ ¯/"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ �À Á ·�® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹¡¹%½3Á�¾ º�¯�º¼�¬ ½=¾ » ¹ 4»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 4» ¹
®�È�¬'Æ¡¿)¿�·�À=®�È ¹21 Ï ¹ ¯�À ½ ¯¼¬0% Á ¬ ½=¾ º ¾ ¸¹�¹%¾ ¯¼¬A% Á ¬'¯�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �»=º¼�¿�À ½ º�Ì�¯ ¹ <'½ À Á F¬! 0À ½ �¬'¿�¿�¯�º'% Á ¸¹»=º O ¸¹ · ¹%½=¾�¹ FÆ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ �¿�À Á ·�®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·�¯¼¬#· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21³6À Á �¬! 0À ½ <'¾ À Á�¾ »#"ä¬'Ì�À�·�» < �¬'¯�º¼»�¸¹ » ¹ �Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ � Á ·F» ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ P ·�¬ ½$N®%¬'º¼
·�¸¹ ® ¹%½=¾ 1 É ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯¼¬�¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½)¹%¾ ¯¼¬ ¾ ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ » ¹ &=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ �À ½=¾6Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹%¹ F¿�À Á ·�®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 6ʬ�¿�· ¹%½ »=· ¹)¹%½ ®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ ¯�À�·�6» ¹ ¯/"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬#»�¬ ½ 6» ¹ �·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ )ʬ4�º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ·�¸¹%¹21Ä ¹ 4»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ S4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ G Ï ´�² <�- « Ï H#½ À Á �À ½=¾ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼#»#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·)¯¼¬h»=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ » Á
4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·�¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¯�À�·�F» Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ®%¬'¯�º P À�· ½ º ¹%½ » ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� G-,�././02HD1 É ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ½ À Á �À ½=¾¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼�» ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ ·F¯¼¬)¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½¡¹%¾ ¯¼¬�4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ F¬!*=¬ ½=¾ 9 À Á ¸¹ ¯�À�·��» ¹ F¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬ Á Ÿ¹ �¸¹%½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �» ¹ ¯¼¬4=¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ º ¾ ¬'¯�º ¹%½�½�¹ » ¹ ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À G-,�./.21IHD1± ½ ? ½ ¯ ¹ F»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �» ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ P À�· ¾F½ À Á �À ½=¾ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼�»#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »�¬ 4 ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹
¬!*=¬ ½=¾ ·�À�Æ¡¿ Á ¯�À�·��» Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ º ½ »=º ¹%½ » ¹ ÉFÈ�¬'Æ¡À�¯�º G-,�././.2HD1 ³6À Á �¬! 0À ½ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹ » ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �» ¹Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ P À�· ¾ ¿�À Á ·�®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½ »=· ¹ ¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬)· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ¯�À�·�F» Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ Æ ¹ Å=º¼®%¬'º ½» ¹ Ã�¬'Å�¬�®%¬ G-,�././.2HD1 Ä ¹ #»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ )» ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾:P À�· ¾ À ½=¾ ¸¹%¾ ¸¹4Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹%¹ ¹%½ ¬���À=®�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¬! ¹ ®» ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ K4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ F¿�À Á ·�· ¹ Æ¡À ½=¾�¹ ·F¬ Á »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¾�¹ Æ¡¿�À�· ¹ ¯�» ¹ ¯¼¬)· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ¯�À�·��» Á=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ » ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� ¹%¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬4=¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À 1 ± ½ ® ¹ % Á º�®�À ½ ® ¹ · ½�¹ ¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹» ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� < ¯¼¬ % Á ¬'¯�º ¾ ¸¹�¹%¾ ¯¼¬!®�À�Æ¡¿�¯%¸¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'·�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ )»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ½ À Á #À ½=¾ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼�»#" À�Ì ¾�¹%½ º�· Á�½ �¸¹ ·�º ¾ ¬'Ì�¯ ¹ ? ¯�Æ.» Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!1 Ä�¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹)¹ ¾ È�¸¹%¾ ¸¹ ·�ÀI4�ʹ%½�¹21 à ½�½ À ¾�¹ ¯¼¬�¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½ ® ¹ » ¹ M%À ½�¹ �À�ÊÁ¯ ¹ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹ ¾ ¿�¯ Á 6º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾ % Á "ä¬'º�¯�¯ ¹%Á ·� 1 É ¹ AM%À ½�¹ ��À ½=¾ =¸¹ ¿�¬'·�¸¹%¹ 6¿�¬'·#» ¹ 6·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ 0% Á º®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ » ¹%½=¾ ¬ Á Å�M%À ½�¹ F» ¹ · ¹ ¯¼¬'º¼ ¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ � ¹ 4�Æ ¹%½=¾ �» ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ À�ÊÁ ¯ ¹ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹ ¾ Æ¡À�º ½ »=· ¹¹%¾ À�ÊÁ ¯¼¬S =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ »=º�Æ¡º ½=Á�¹21
3 ��� �546+ � �� �Ï À Á ·�® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹2< ´6¯%¸¹ ¬4�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹2<  ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ ¸¹ < Ï ´�² <=- « Ï < Ç!À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ P À�· ¾ <  ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½=<
Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� < Ã�¬'Å�¬�®%¬ < ÉFÈ�¬'Æ¡À�¯�º < ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À 1
���)� � � +I� �
� � � � � ��� �
� � � ���(�'+#�)�=�#�) � � �#����%��)��� ��� � � ���4D�!���)#+ � �)�.� � ) ��)� � �'+2�.�#� ��� � ��� � � ���(�'+ $)���2��#����!� � �!��� � ���Í�È�º¼�À�·&C�¿�· ¹ ¹%½=¾ � ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®F�À Á ·�® ¹ ¾�Á »=º ¹ Á �º ½ 4 ½�¹ ¬'·R+ ? ¹ ¯¼»�»�¬ ¾ ¬ 1  ½ ¬�®%®�À�·�»�¬ ½ ® ¹ �º ¾ È ¾ È ¹
% Á ¬'¯�º ¾ *4¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ % Á ¬ ½=¾ º ¾ *�À P ¬! �¬'º�¯¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬� ¹ » ¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ »4¬ ½ »�¬'¿�¿�¯�º ¹ »� �¬'·�º�À Á �Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»� ¾ À®�È�¬'·�¬�® ¾�¹ ·�º5M ¹�¾ È ¹ ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®��À Á ·�® ¹21Çh¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®4»�¬ ¾ ¬v¬'· ¹!Á ¹ » ¾ À ¹ ·�º P * º P �º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ ¬ ½ »�·�À�Ì Á ¾ Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»� Á ¹ »�À ½ · ¹ ® ¹%½=¾
º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ �Æ�¬!*)¿�·�À =º¼» ¹ ¬04�À0À=» ¾ À0À�¯ ¾ À#®%¬'¯�º�Ì�·�¬ ¾�¹ È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º¼®%¬'¯ ¹ ¹%½=¾ &º ½ Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹21Í�È ¹ ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬#¬'· ¹ À P ¾�¹%½4Á ¹ » ¾ À#®�È�¬'·�¬�® ¾�¹ ·�º5M ¹�¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ ¾ À�Ì ¹6¾ ¬ C ¹%½ º ½=¾ À)¬�®%®�À Á�½=¾ P À�·� ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®È�¬ M'¬'·�»!¬�� ¹ ��Æ ¹%½=¾ º ½ Æ¡À=» ¹ ·�¬ ¾�¹ ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ *#· ¹ 4�º�À ½ 1
-6¹ À=» ¹%¾ º¼®!»�¬ ¾ ¬ G Ï ´�² <K- « Ï H ¬'· ¹hÁ ¹ » ¾ À ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹�¾ È ¹ �¯�º�¿�»=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ À ½�¾ È ¹ P ¬ Á ¯ ¾» Á ·�º ½ 4 ¾ È ¹(,�././0.< Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� < É�¬'¯�º P À�· ½ º¼¬ ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹21 Í�È ¹ ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬�¬'· ¹ ¬'¯¼�À Á ¹ » ¾ À�¿�· ¹ ®�º¼ ¹¾ È ¹ ¯�À=®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ 4 ¹ À�Æ ¹%¾ ·&*!À P ¾ È ¹ Æ�¬'º ½ ¹ ¹%½=¾ 6À P ¾ È ¹�,�./.212< ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À < ® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯� ¾ ¬'¯5* <¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ ¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹21Ë�º ½ ¬'¯�¯5* <F¾ È ¹ ¾ ·�À ½ 43Æ¡À ¾ º�À ½ �®�À ½=¾ ¬'º ½ ¾ È ¹ Æ¡À0 ¾ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹%¾�¹ º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¬'Ì�À Á�¾ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹
¿�·�À=® ¹ � 1 Í�È ¹ ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬v¬'· ¹!Á ¹ » ¾ Àv»=º¼�®�·�º�Æ¡º ½ ¬ ¾�¹ Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½�¾ �À ¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹ P ¬ Á ¯ ¾ ¿�¯¼¬ ½�¹ �À P ¾ È ¹,�././..<�½ À�· ¾ Èv ½ »=º¼¬ < ÉFÈ�¬'Æ¡À�¯�º ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹21 Í�È ¹ ¾ ·�À ½ 4�Æ¡À ¾ º�À ½ 6· ¹ ®�À�·�» ¹ »h®�¯�À0 ¹�¾ À ¾ È ¹�,�././..<Ç ¹ Å=º¼®�À < Ã�¬'Å�¬�®%¬ ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ ¬'· ¹�Á ¹ » ¾ À#®�À ½ ¾ ·�¬'º ½¡¾ È ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ È�º¼ ¾ À�·&* 1 Ï ¾ ·�À ½ 4#Æ¡À ¾ º�À ½ F¬'· ¹¬'¯¼�À Á ¹ »vº ½ ®�À�Æ4Ì�º ½ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ �º ¾ È 4 ¹ À=» ¹%¾ º¼®�»�¬ ¾ ¬ ¾ Àv¬�®%® ¹ � ¾ È ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ È�º¼ ¾ À�·&*vÀ P ¾ È ¹ Ä�¬ ½ +» ¹ ·� ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ ¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ Æ�¬'º ½�¹ ¹%½=¾ �À P¤¾ È ¹ ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À¡ ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®� ¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹21 Ë�À�· ¾ È ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·�¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹2<�¾ È ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬% Á ¬'¯�º ¾ *¡¬ ½ »h®�À�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ ¬'·�º ¾ *�ÀLO ¹ · ¹ » ¾ È ¹ ¿�À0��º�Ì�º�¯�º ¾ * ¾ À�» ¹ �®�·�º�Ì ¹)¾ È ¹· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ » ¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�Æ ¹%½=¾ �º ¾ È�¬�®%® Á ·�¬�® * 1 Í�È ¹ ¯¼¬'·&4 ¹ È ¹%¾�¹ ·�ÀI4 ¹%½�¹ º ¾ º ¹ �º ½ Ì�À ¾ È!�¯�º�¿�¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ ¬ ½ »· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ¹ ¯�À=®�º ¾ *6 �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ 4 Á 4I4 ¹ ¾4¾ È�¬ ¾4¾ È ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ¿�·�À�¿�¬ 40¬ ¾�¹ �Ì.*vÌ�· ¹ ¬ C=º ½ 4 Á ®%® ¹ ��º5 ¹¬��¿ ¹ ·�º ¾ º ¹ F·�¬ ¾ È ¹ · ¾ È�¬ ½ Ì.*4¿�·�À�¿�¬ 40¬ ¾ º ½ 4¡¯�º5C ¹ ¬#¿ Á ¯¼ ¹ ¬ ¾ ®�À ½ ¾ ¬ ½=¾ ¹ ¯�À=®�º ¾ * 1 Í�È ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ P ·�À ½=¾�¯�À�6�¬��º ¾�¹%½ ®�À Á�½=¾�¹ ·��Ì�¬'·�·�º ¹ ·��¬ ½ »!¬�®%® ¹ ¯ ¹ ·�¬ ¾�¹ �º ¾ È�º ½ Æ�¬'º ½ ¬��¿ ¹ ·�º ¾ º ¹ 1
� � %��S��#�)�Ï ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®��À Á ·�® ¹2< Ï ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�È�¬ M'¬'·�» <  ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ º ¹ < Ï ´�² <A- « Ï < Ï ¾ ·�À ½ 43Æ¡À ¾ º�À ½ <  ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½=<
Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� < Ã�¬'Å�¬�®%¬ < ÉFÈ�¬'Æ¡À�¯�º < ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À 1
� � ����� � � � � � �!�)����)� � �
� �� �� � � � � � � � ���� ���
�0� �#����� ��� � � � � �� ���'+2� � � � � #�)�=�#�) � �2�� ���(�'+2������� � ��� � � � �)�.� ���S���) � +2� � �)����+ � #+2�� ��� � � � � ��� ��) ��� � �'+2� +2�2���� � � ������ � � ��� ��� � � #� � �5�#� �2�� ���(�'+2�±F ¾�¹6¾ ·�¬'Ì�¬ 9 À# ¹ ®�À ½ �¬ 4�·�¬#¬'¯ ¹ ¾�Á »=º�À)» ¹ ¯¼¬ P Á�¹%½=¾�¹ %¸ �Æ¡º¼®%¬ Á�¾ º�¯�º5M'¬ ½ »=À)»�¬ ¾ À0�» ¹ ®%¬'Æ¡¿�À)® ¹ ·R+
®%¬ ½ À 1 Ï ¹ 4�¸Á�½ ¯¼¬)®%¬ ½=¾ º¼»�¬�»S*�¯¼¬)®%¬'¯�º¼»�¬�»�» ¹ ¯�À0F»�¬ ¾ À0F»=º¼�¿�À ½ º�Ì�¯ ¹ < ¬'¿�¯�º¼®%¬'Æ¡À0�»=º¼ ¾ º ½=¾ À0�Æ�¸¹%¾ À=»=À0¿�¬'·�¬4®%¬'·�¬�® ¾�¹ ·�º5M'¬'·�¯¼¬#· Á ¿ ¾�Á ·�¬4%¸ �Æ¡º¼®%¬ 1± ½ ¿�·�º�Æ ¹ ·6¯ Á 40¬'· < �¬'¯�º¼»�¬'Æ¡À06Æ�¸¹%¾ À=»=À06Æ�¬�®�·�À0%¸ �Æ¡º¼®�À0�¿�¬'·�¬ ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬'·6¯¼¬¡¯�À=®%¬'¯�º5M'¬�®�º'¸À ½ *h¯¼¬
¹ Å ¾�¹%½ �º'¸À ½ » ¹ ¯�À0��º¼�Æ¡À0 P ·�¬ ½ ® ¹ ¹ �· ¹ ®�º ¹%½=¾�¹ 1 Ä�À04»�¬ ¾ À04Æ�¬�®�·�À0%¸ �Æ¡º¼®�À0)» ¹ ¯�À0 ¾�¹ ·�· ¹ Æ¡À ¾ À0È�º¼ ¾ ¸À�·�º¼®�À0F ¹�Á�¾ º�¯�º5M'¬'·�À ½ ¿�¬'·�¬#®%¬'·�¬�® ¾�¹ ·�º5M'¬'·�¯�À0��º¼�Æ¡À0$% Á�¹ È�¬!*F% Á�¹ ®�À ½ �º¼» ¹ ·�¬'·�® Á ¬ ½ »=À# ¹ È�¬�® ¹¯¼¬ ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬�®�º'¸À ½ » ¹ ¯�·�º ¹ 4�À ¹%½ ¯¼¬��· ¹ 4�º�À ½�¹ �®�À ½ �º¼�Æ¡À0FÆ¡À=» ¹ ·�¬�»=À0 1Ä�À0#»�¬ ¾ À0�4 ¹ À=»�¸¹ �º¼®�À0 ½ À0�¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º ¾ º ¹ ·�À ½!¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬'·�¯¼¬�»=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á ®�º'¸À ½ » ¹ ¯F» ¹ �¯�º5M'¬'Æ¡º ¹%½=¾ À ¹%½ ¯¼¬
P ¬'¯�¯¼¬¡® Á ¬ ½ »=À¡À=®%® Á ·�·�º'¸À ¹ ¯��º¼�Æ¡À¡» ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� G É�¬'¯�º P À�· ½ º¼¬ < ,�././02HD1 Ä�À0)»�¬ ¾ À0 - « Ï * Ï ´�² ½ À0¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º ¾ º ¹ ·�À ½)¹ �¿ ¹ ®�º ? ®%¬'·�¯¼¬6¯�À=®%¬'¯�º5M'¬�®�º'¸À ½ *#¯¼¬A4 ¹ À�Æ ¹%¾ ·'¸ ¬6» ¹ ¯¼¬� P ¬'¯�¯¼¬�$% Á�¹ ¬�® ¾�Á ¬'·�À ½ ® Á ¬ ½ »=À)¿�¬>+�¬'·�À ½ ¯�À0F¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ �¬�®�À ½=¾�¹ ®�º�Æ¡º ¹%½=¾ À0�» ¹ ¯¼¬# ¹ ® Á�¹%½ ®�º¼¬�%¸ �Æ¡º¼®%¬6º ¾ ¬'¯�º¼¬ ½ ¬)» ¹ ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À G-,�./.21IHD1«�À�·v¸Á ¯ ¾ º�Æ¡À#¯�À06»�¬ ¾ À0�» ¹ Æ¡À =º�Æ¡º ¹%½=¾ À P Á�¹ · ¾�¹)½ À06¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º ¾ º ¹ ·�À ½4¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬'· ¹ ¯#¸¬ ½ 4 Á ¯�À ¹ · ¾ º¼®%¬'¯
» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'¯�¯¼¬ % Á�¹ ·�À�Æ¡¿�º'¸À ¹%½ ¹ ¯��º¼�Æ¡À�º ½ »=º�Àh» ¹ ÉFÈ�¬'Æ¡À�¯�º G-,�././.2HD1 J ¾ º�¯�º5M'¬'Æ¡À06»�¬ ¾ À0�» ¹ Æ¡À =º +Æ¡º ¹%½=¾ À P Á�¹ · ¾�¹ ¿�¬'·�¬!®%¬'·�¬�® ¾�¹ ·�º5M'¬'· ¹ ¯F» ¹ �¬'·�·�À�¯�¯�À!» ¹ ¯¼¬¡· Á ¿ ¾�Á ·�¬ ¹%½ ¹ ¯ ¾�¹ ·�· ¹ Æ¡À ¾ À¡Æ ¹ Å=º¼®%¬ ½ À¡» ¹Ã�¬'Å�¬�®%¬ G-,�././.2HD1 Ä�À0��º¼�Æ¡ÀI4�·�¬'Æ�¬�)· ¹ 4�º¼ ¾ ·�¬�»=À04® ¹ ·�®%¬ ½ À0#¬!¯¼¬ P ¬'¯�¯¼¬! ¹�Á�¾ º�¯�º5M'¬'·�À ½ 9 Á�½=¾ À ®�À ½»�¬ ¾ À0�4 ¹ À=»�¸¹ �º¼®�À0F¿�¬'·�¬�· ¹ Æ¡À ½=¾ ¬'·� ¹ ¬'¯�» ¹ �¬'·�·�À�¯�¯�À ¾�¹ Æ¡¿�À�·�¬'¯�» ¹ ¯¼¬6· Á ¿ ¾�Á ·�¬ ¹%½4¹ ¯��º¼�Æ¡À)» ¹ Ä�¬ ½ +» ¹ ·��*�» ¹ ¯¼¬� ¹ ® Á�¹%½ ®�º¼¬)%¸ �Æ¡º¼®%¬)» ¹ ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À 1 ² ¹ �¿ ¹ ® ¾ À�¬'¯ ¾�¹ ·�· ¹ Æ¡À ¾ À#» ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� < ¯¼¬�®%¬'¯�º¼»�¬�»*!¯¼¬�®�À�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'·�º¼»�¬�»�» ¹ ¯�À0)»�¬ ¾ À0 ½ À0)¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º ¾ º ¹ ·�À ½ À�Ì ¾�¹%½�¹ · Á�½ ¬ ¹ ·�»�¬�» ¹ ·�¬4¿ ¹ ¯�¸ ® Á ¯¼¬4» ¹ ¯» ¹ �¯�º5M'¬'Æ¡º ¹%½=¾ À 1 Ä�¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á ·�¬ ¹ �È ¹%¾�¹ ·�ÀI4�¸¹%½�¹ ¬ 1 ³6À ¾ ¬'Æ¡À0&¯¼¬�¿�· ¹ ¹%½ ®�º¼¬6» ¹ M%À ½ ¬�F»=À ½ » ¹6¹ ¯�» ¹ �¯�º5M'¬>+Æ¡º ¹%½=¾ À ¹ �Æ ¸¬��º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾�¹ % Á�¹6¹%½ À ¾ ·�À0��º ¾ º�À0 1 ±F ¾ ¬�KM%À ½ ¬���À ½ ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬�»�¬��¿�À�·�· ¹ 4�º�À ½�¹ �% Á�¹®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ » ¹%½ ¬�¯¼¬�)M%À ½ ¬��» ¹ ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬�®�º'¸À ½�¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯�À0� ¹ 4�Æ ¹%½=¾ À0&» ¹ P ¬'¯�¯¼¬ < »=À ½ » ¹�¹ ¯�» ¹ �¯�º5M'¬'Æ¡º ¹%½0¾ À¹ �Æ ¹%½ À�·K*�»=À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬S ¹ ¯�À=®�º¼»�¬�»¡» ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á ·�¬4»=º¼�Æ¡º ½=Á * ¹21
�A� � ���) ��� + � �I� � �Ë Á�¹%½=¾�¹ %¸ �Æ¡º¼®%¬ < ²�º ¹ 4�À3%¸ �Æ¡º¼®�À <  ½=¾�¹%½ �º¼»�¬�» ¹ < Ï ´�² <A- « Ï < Ç!À =º�Æ¡º ¹%½=¾ À0 P Á�¹ · ¾�¹ <  ½ +
¹ ·��º'¸À ½=< Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� < Ã�¬'Å�¬�®%¬ < ÉFÈ�¬'Æ¡À�¯�º < ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À 1
�K����� ��� � �(3 ���� ���� � � � �
����� � � � � � � � ���� � � �
����������� ������� �
���� ��������
���)� � � +I� �
� � ����� � � � � � �!�)����)� � �
� ��� ������+I�#� ���(���� ���� � �'� �
� ���������������������� !�!����"$#&%('�*),+.-!���0/�%('�1��)1"��� !�!�*� 213
� �A��� � �)�.�#� ��� � ���"! � � �� �6��� ���(�'&�� � ) � ������ �4� ��� � �(�� �#��� � ��� � �!���)#+ � 5 �,I1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0 ,,I1 0 ²�º¼&% Á�¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹76 ¬'¯%¸¹ ¬ ¹%¾ Á ¯ ½ ¸¹ ·�¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ ¸¹�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0 ,,I198 É�¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0/0,I1 : É�¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0;8,I19< «�·�À�Ì�¯%¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ F¯�º%¸¹%¹ �ʬ#¯/"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0;8,I19= ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0>:
5 �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� � 5 �0.1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0210.1 0 µ6À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6»=º¼�¿�À ½ º�Ì�¯ ¹ �¿�À Á ·!¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·�¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹ 1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 021
0.1 0.1 , Ä�º�Æ¡º ¾�¹ » ¹ 6»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ��º¼�Æ¡À�¯�ÀI4�º'% Á�¹ F¯�À�º ½=¾ ¬'º ½�¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0;?0.1 0.1 0 Ä ¹ �º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ ¸¹ FÆ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0;?0.1 0.198 Ä ¹ �Æ ¹ Á · ¹ �4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 0/.0.1 0.1 : Ä ¹ �Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ P À�· ¾ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1@8;A0.1 0.19< ´ Á�¾ · ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ � Á ·�¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹ 1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1@8/0
0.198 «�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ F¿�À Á ·�»�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯¼¬4�À Á ·�® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1@8;8
� 5 �K����� ��� � � 3 ���� ���� � �
0.198.1 , µ ¹ �®�·�º�¿ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬S4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ 1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@8;80.198.1 0 Çh¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@8;<0.198.198 Ç!À=»�¸¹ ¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1�1@8;<0.198.1 : J ½ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹S1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@8;=0.198.19< Ä�¬ P À�·�Æ Á ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 : A0.198.19= Ä�¬4¿�¬'·�¬'Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 : ,
0.1 : Ä ¹ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ º ½ ¹ ·� ¹�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 : ,0.1 :�1 , «�¬�� ¹ ·�» ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6¬ Á Å¡¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ �» Á Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 : ,0.1 :�1 0 Ä ¹ �Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ �»#" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 : =
0.19< ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½ 1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 : 1
��� � )1��)7�(".'��������)1"����������*� �����������*� ���������� !�!�*� ��3
� 3 � �#���'�#��� ��� � � ��+2� � � �!�.�#� ��� �� �"! � �'� � � � ���)���)���� � ��� ! � ��� � �)���'���� � ���= ����+ � �8.1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@< ,8.1 0 E ¬'¯�º¼»�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@< ,
8.1 0.1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@<;88.1 0.1 0 µ ¹ �®�·�º�¿ ¾ º�À ½ À P Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»� 1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@<>:8.1 0.198 EF¹ ·�º ? ®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»��À ½ º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ 1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@<218.1 0.1 : µ6º¼�® Á ��º�À ½ ¬ ½ »!®�À ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½ 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@= ,
8.198 ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½ 1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@=/0� �� ������ � #� � � ��#�)�=�#�) � � ! �)� ���� � ��� � � ��� �'+2� � � �� �"! � �'� � � ! � +2+ �� � �� � �# ����$ � � � �:�1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@=;8:�1 0 Ä�¬¡�À Á ·�® ¹ » Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ » ¹ Ã�¬'Å�¬�®%¬ G-,�././.2H 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@=;<
:�1 0.1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@=;=:�1 0.1 0 µ�¬ ¾ ¬ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@=;=:�1 0.198 Ç!À=» ¹ ¯�¯�º ½ 4 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@=;?:�1 0.1 :  ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ ² ¹ Á ¯ ¾ 1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1@=/.:�1 0.19< ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½61S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 1>8
:�198 ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½ 1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 1 :
�� ������ � #� � � ! �)� ���� � ��� � $��'� � � �/% � � �� �"! � �'� � � � � ���=� � � � ��� ���R��!� � � <.1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 1><<.1 0 Ï º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬#·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ » ¹ ÉFÈ�¬'Æ¡À�¯�º 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 1><
�K����� ��� � �(3 ���� ���� � � � �
<.198 ¯ ¹ ®�À ½=¾�¹ Å ¾�¹ �º¼�Æ¡À ¾�¹ ® ¾ À ½ º'% Á�¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 1>=<.1 : Ä�¬F4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 1/1
<.1 :�1 , Ä ¹ 6»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6» ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ P À�· ¾ 1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 1/1<.1 :�1 0 Ç!À=»�¸¹ ¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 1/1<.1 :�198  ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ Á ·�¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 1>?<.1 :�1 :  ½=¾�¹ ·�¿�·�¸¹%¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½�¾�¹ ® ¾ À ½ º'% Á�¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1@?;8
<.19< ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1@?>:
����� � ��)��0������� ��� � '�1��)1"��� !�!� ��� %�)��(�!-!"�������� �����1��� '��"�)7-�*� ���
� �5� � � � #� � � � � � #�)�=�#�) ���� �"! � �'� � � � �)���)���� � ������ ������ ���'&�� � � � ����� ��� � � � � �'&�� � � � �=.1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1@?21=.1 0  ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½¡¹%½ » ¹%Á Å�¸¹%¾ ¬'¿ ¹ 6» Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ » ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1@?/.
=.1 0.1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 .;A=.1 0.1 0 -6¹ À=» ¹%¾ º¼®)µ�¬ ¾ ¬ 1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 .;<=.1 0.198 Ë�À�· �¬'·�»!Ç!À=» ¹ ¯�º ½ 4 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 .;<=.1 0.1 :  ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ Ç ¹%¾ È�À=»� 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 .;==.1 0.19< Í ¹ ¾�� º ¾ È!¬ Ï * ½=¾ È ¹%¾ º¼® Ï º�Æ Á ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ 1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 .21=.1 0.19= ´6¿�¿�¯�º¼®%¬ ¾ º�À ½�¾ À ¾ È ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·�6 ½=¾�¹ · P ¹ ·�ÀI4�·�¬'Æ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 ./.=.1 0.1 1  ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ À P:- « Ï µ�¬ ¾ ¬ 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 , A;8=.1 0.19? - « Ï ¬ ½ »! ½=¾�¹ · P ¹ ·�ÀI4�·�¬'ÆuÉFÀ�Æ4Ì�º ½�¹ »4 ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 , A;==.1 0.1 . Ï ¾ ·�À ½ 4�Ç!À ¾ º�À ½ µ�¬ ¾ ¬4 ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½� º ¾ È Ï ¯�º�¿ P ·�À�Æ -6¹ À=» ¹ * 1�1S1�1�1S1�1 , A/.=.1 0.1 , A µ6º¼�® Á ��º�À ½ 1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 ,/, <=.1 0.1 ,/, ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½61S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 ,/, =
=.198 ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 ,/,#1���� ���� � �.�#�'&�� � � � ���!���)#+ � � � �� ��� ! �)� � ���� &�� � ��+ � ��� ���(�'&�� � � 5 �121 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 ,�0 ,121 0 ² Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ » ¹ 8 ¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬ Á Å�=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ F» ¹ ¯¼¬4=¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ » ¹ ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À 1�1S1�1�1S1�1 ,�0>:
121 0.1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 ,�0>:121 0.1 0 µ�¬ ¾ ¬ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 ,�0;=121 0.198  ½ ¹ ¾ º540¬ ¾ º�À ½ �®�È ¹ Æ ¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 ,�0;?121 0.1 : Í�È ¹#¾ �À�Æ�¬'º ½ �È�À=®DC��À P Ï ¹ ¿ ¾�¹ Æ4Ì ¹ · 0;= 1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 , 8 ,121 0.19< Í�È ¹ Ã�® ¾ À�Ì ¹ · , :�<�, < 6 0;8�¹ ¹%½=¾ 1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 , < ,121 0.19= Ï Á Æ¡Æ�¬'·&*�À P¤¾ È ¹ · ¹ Á ¯ ¾ �¬ ½ »hÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º5 ¹ · ¹ Æ�¬'·&C� 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1 , <;<
� � �K����� ��� � � 3 ���� ���� � �
12198 ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½ 1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 , </.
��� � )1��)7�(".'��������)1"��������.� �������0�1��� �7"$���������� !�!��-!���!���!� 2��!2
� �� ��� �.�#� ���)��$)� �=� � � �R��� &�� � ��+ � ��� ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� � � � �?.1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 , =;8?.1 0 Â@Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ·�º ¹ » ¹ �·�¬�»=º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�¬ Á�¾�¹ P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ 1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 , =;8?.198 Ã6Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 , =;=?.1 : ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½ 1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 ,#1#0
� S�� � +I���� #� �!�.�#� ��� ����� ���=� � � � ���S��� ���(�'&�� � � ���..1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 ,#1>8..1 0 Ä ¹ �Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ ¾ È�¸¹ À�·�º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ ¹ Æ¡º + ¹ Æ4¿�º�·�º5% Á�¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 ,#1>8..198 Ä ¹ �¯�À�º¼�»#"ä¬ ¾�¾ ¸¹%½=Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ 1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 ,#1>=..1 : µ!¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ ¬ ¾ º�À ½¡¹ Æ¡¿�º�·�º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬�» Á ·�¸¹%¹ » Á Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1�1 ,#1>=
..1 :�1 ,  ½=¾ ·�À=» Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 ,#1/1..1 :�1 0 Ï ¾ ·�À ½ 44�·�À Á�½ »�Æ¡À ¾ º�À ½ »�¬ ¾ ¬'Ì�¬� ¹ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 ,#1>?..1 :�198 µ ¹ ? ½ º ¾ º�À ½ À P ¾ ·�À ½ 4�4�·�À Á�½ »!Æ¡À ¾ º�À ½ » Á ·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 ,#1#...1 :�1 : ±�Æ¡¿�º�·�º¼®%¬'¯�Æ¡À=» ¹ ¯ P À�·� ¾ ·�À ½ 44Æ¡À ¾ º�À ½ » Á ·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 ,#1#...1 :�19< ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½ 1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 , ?>:
..19< ÉFÀ ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½ 1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1S1�1�1 , ?;<S����+ � �)��� ��� ���� ���� � �'� � � �
� � �!� � +I�#�'� � � � � �
���� � �� � ��+ � ����� � � � � �# ����$��'&�� � � � �
� ��� ��� 5 � �
� ��� ������+I�#� ���(���� ���� � �'� �
� ��� ��� � � � �)� � � �� � �� � � � �
�������������� ��� ����� � �������������� � � � ���� � ����� � ���� �"!#�$��� � � � ����%�&%� �'� �$(
Ä ¹ ¾ · ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ �» ¹�¾�¹ ·�· ¹ Á ·& ¹%½=Á &·�¸¹ ® ¹ Æ¡Æ ¹%½=¾ ¿�·%ʹ �» ¹ 4�·�¬ ½ » ¹ F¬ 4I4�¯�À�Æ�¸¹ ·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ G B�À�Ì�¸¹2<30¬'¿�À ½=<�,�./.;<") Â/M%Æ¡º ¾!< Í Á ·D% Á º ¹2< ,�././.") ÉFÈ�ºCÉFÈ�º < Í�¬'º �¬ ½=< ,�././.") ´ ¾ È&ʹ%½�¹ <I- ·%ʹ ® ¹2< ,�././.2H�½ À Á �·�¬'¿Q+¿ ¹ ¯�¯ ¹%½=¾ % Á " Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¿ ¹%Á�¾6¾�Á�¹ ·�» ¹#½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹%Á ¹ �¿ ¹ ·��À ½�½�¹ ¹%¾ ¿�·�À 0À.% Á�¹ ·�»#"�¸¹%½ À�·�Æ ¹ �»�¸¹ 4 (¬ ¾ 1Ë�¬ Á�¾�¹ » ¹ ¿�À Á 0À�º�·F¿�·�¸¹ »=º�· ¹ ¯ ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¹%¾�¹%½ ®�À�· ¹ Æ¡À�º ½ �» ¹ ¯ ¹ �®�À ½=¾ · (À�¯ ¹ · <'½ À Á ��À�Æ¡Æ ¹ �À�Ì�¯�º54�¸¹ » ¹ ¯ ¹ � Á Ì�º�· 1Í&À Á�¾�¹8P À�º¼ < ® ¹)½ " ¹ ¾ ¿�¬��¿�¬'·�® ¹ % Á�¹)½ À Á 6�À�Æ¡Æ ¹ �º ½ ®%¬'¿�¬'Ì�¯ ¹ �»#"ä¬ 4�º�·�®�À ½=¾ · ¹ ¯/"�¸¹ Æ¡º¼��º�À ½ » ¹
À ½ » ¹ ��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 0% Á�¹¡½ À Á ½�¹ ¿�À Á 0À ½ #¿�¬� ½ À Á #¿�·�À ¾ ¸¹ 4 ¹ ·4» ¹ ¹ O ¹%¾ S% Á " ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �¿�·�À 0À.% Á�¹%½=¾!1µ�¬ ½ �® ¹ Ì Á�¾!< º�¯ ¹ ¾�½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��¬'º�· ¹ »#"�¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·&¯ ¹ &�À Á ·�® ¹ �» ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 1 Â@¯ P ¬ Á�¾ ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·�¬ Á Æ¡º ¹%Á ů/"ä¬�® ¾ º5 =º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ &À ½ » ¹ �% Á " º�¯¼#4�¸¹%½ ʹ · ¹%½=¾ ¿�À Á ·4¸¹ =º ¾�¹ ·�» ¹ ®�À ½ ¾ · Á º�· ¹ » ¹ �º ½ ¾ ¬'¯�¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ ʬ�·�º¼&% Á�¹ »�¬ ½ 6» ¹ KM%À ½�¹ #ʬ P À�· ¾ ¬'¯%¸¹ ¬ ¹%¾ »�¸¹ ? ½ º�·6» ¹ ½ À�·�Æ ¹ F¿�¬'·�¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1± ½ ¿�¯ Á 6» ¹ ® ¹%¾ À�Ì 9 ¹ ® ¾ º P ¬'¿�¿�¯�º'% Á ¸¹ ¬ Á ·�º¼&% Á�¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹2< º�¯ ¹ ¾6¾ ·%ʹ ¹ Å�®�º ¾ ¬ ½=¾ » ¹ ®�È ¹ ·�®�È ¹ ·)ʬ
»�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯ ¹ �¿�·�À=® ¹ � Á A% Á º#4�À Á ¹ · ½�¹%½=¾ ¯¼¬#· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21J ½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹)½ " ¹ ¾ ¿�¬�6À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬'Ì�¯ ¹ »=º�· ¹ ® ¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¿ Á º¼&% Á " º�¯� ¹ ¿�·�À=» Á º ¾6¹%½ ¿�·�À P À ½ » ¹%Á · 1 Â@¯ ¹ ¾
»=À ½ ® ¾ ·%ʹ ¡º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾ »#" Á�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹ ·�» ¹ ��º54 ½ ¬ Á Å+»�¸¹%¾�¹ ® ¾ ¸¹ ¹%½ Á · P ¬�® ¹ ¿�À Á ·h»�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¬ Á Æ¡º ¹%Á Å®�À�Æ¡Æ ¹%½=¾ " º ½ º ¾ º ¹2< ¹ »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹�¹%¾ "ä¬'·�· (¹%¾�¹)Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹21
*,+.- � � � ��/"��� � ��� �10 �� � �
É ¹%¾�¾�¹!¾ È&ʹ ¹ ®�À ½ ® ¹ · ½�¹ ¯/"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ » ¹ �Æ�¸¹ ®%¬ ½ º¼�Æ ¹ ¡Ê¬h¯¼¬ �À Á ·�® ¹ » ¹ 4=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 1 µ6º5 ¹ ·� ¾ *=¿ ¹ »#" º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ < · ¹ ® Á�¹ º�¯�¯�º ¹ )¿�·%ʹ 4» ¹ ¡=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ < À ½=¾ ¸¹%¾ ¸¹!Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹%¹ #¿�À Á ·¡¯ ¹ �¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ · 1 Ï ¹ ¯�À ½ ¯¼¬% Á ¬'¯�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6¿�·�À=®�È ¹ < » ¹ 6Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ A% Á º�¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ Æ¡º ¹%Á Å�®�À ½�½ ¬ (�¾ · ¹ ¯¼¬¡�À Á ·�® ¹À ½=¾ ¸¹%¾ ¸¹ »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿�¸¹%¹ 6
2 ¯ ¹ 6»=À=® Á Æ ¹%½=¾ �È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ 6»�¸¹ 4 (¬ ¾ G »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ H ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ »#" ¹ +¾ º�Æ ¹ ·F¯¼¬ ¾ ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹�¹%¾ ¯¼¬#¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ F¬ ½ ®�º ¹%½ 1
� � � ��� ������+I�#� ���(���� ���� � �'�
2 ¯ ¹ )Æ ¹ Á · ¹ �» ¹ #»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ #» ¹ ¯¼¬! Á · P ¬�® ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾�¹ ·�· ¹ G »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ H ¿ ¹ ·R+Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ · ¹ Æ¡À ½=¾�¹ ·�ʬ¡¯¼¬¡¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¹%¾ ʬ¡¯¼¬�»=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·�® ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ + ®�º 1
2 ¯ ¹ �À ½ » ¹ ��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¹%½ · ¹ 4�º¼ ¾ ·�¸¹%¹ �¿�·%ʹ �» ¹ ¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹�G Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ P À�· ¾ H �À ½=¾ »#" Á�½�¹�¾ ·%ʹ 4�·�¬ ½ » ¹ ·�º¼®�È ¹ � ¹¡¹%¾ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ P ¬'º�· ¹�Á�½�¹ » ¹ �®�·�º�¿ ¾ º�À ½ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬!· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21
Ï Á ·�® ¹%¾�¾�¹ Ì�¬� ¹ » ¹6¾ ·�¬! �¬'º�¯ < » ¹ ¾�¹ ®�È ½ º'% Á�¹ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ ¬ ½=¾ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ �®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ )4�¸¹ ÀL+Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ 6» ¹ #�À Á ·�® ¹ )�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �ʬ�¿�¬'· ¾ º�·#» ¹ #»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ #» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿h¿�·�À=®�È ¹À ½=¾ ¸¹%¾ ¸¹ Æ¡º¼ ¹ �¬ Á ¿�À�º ½=¾6¹%¾ ¬'¿�¿�¯�º'% Á ¸¹%¹ �ʬ4» ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �·�¸¹ ® ¹%½=¾ 1
����% ��� %�� � � ��� �10 �� � �
É ¹%¾�¾�¹�¾ È&ʹ ¹ "ä¬'· ¾ º¼® Á ¯ ¹ ¬ Á�¾ À Á ·4» ¹ % Á ¬ ¾ · ¹ ¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ 1 µ�¬ ½ �¯¼¬�¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹  <�½ À Á ¹ Å=¿�À0�À ½ �¯ ¹ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯%¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ 6¯�º%¸¹%¹ 4ʬ�¯/"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹�¹%¾ ʬ!¯¼¬�®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬!�À Á ·�® ¹21µ�¬ ½ )¯¼¬�¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ Â� <�½ À Á )¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ #» ¹ ¾�¹ ®�È ½ º'% Á�¹ 6¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ ¬ ½=¾ » ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ )®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ +¾ º'% Á�¹ &¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ &» ¹ ¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹21 µ�¬ ½ �¯¼¬�¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ Â�Â� <'½ À Á �¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ Á�½�¹ Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ »#" º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ·�º ¹¹%½ » ¹%Á Å+¸¹%¾ ¬'¿ ¹ )» ¹ ¯¼¬¡®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬4· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹21 ± ½ ? ½=< »�¬ ½ �¯¼¬¡¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹  EF<�½ À Á ½ À Á �º ½ +¾ ¸¹ · ¹ ��À ½ F¬ Á Å�®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �» ¹ ��º54 ½ ¬ Á Å4» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿#¿�·�À=®�È ¹�¹%¾ ʬ6¯¼¬6¿�È.*��º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬6· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹21
Ä�¬¡¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ Â6 ¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�À0 ¹ » ¹ » ¹%Á Åh®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ 1 µ�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ ,I<�½ À Á �¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ �¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹)¹%¾ ¯/" º ½=¾ ¸¹ · (¹%¾ » ¹ h¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ �» ¹ �À Á ·�® ¹ ¿�À Á ·#�À ½ ¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½h¹%¾)Á�½�¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�·�¸¹ È ¹%½ �º�À ½ » Á¿�È�¸¹%½ À�Æhʹ%½�¹21 µ�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹�0�½ À Á �¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ �¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿¡¿�·�À=®�È ¹)¹%¾ ¯¼¬ P ¬ N®�À ½» ¹ ¯ ¹ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹ ·�¿�À Á ·�¬�®%®�¸¹ » ¹ ·4ʬ�» ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ � Á ·)¯ ¹ )¬��¿ ¹ ® ¾ ) ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬4�À Á ·�® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21 Ä ¹ ¯ ¹ ® ¾�¹%Á ·6¬! ¹ · ¾ º�¿�À Á ·�·�¬� ¹ ®�À ½=¾�¹%½=¾�¹ ·6» ¹ ¯�º�· ¹ ¯ ¹ �®�À ½ ®�¯ Á �º�À ½ 6» ¹ ® ¹ » ¹%Á Å�®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ �¬! �¬ ½=¾ » ¹ ¿�¬�� ¹ ·�ʬ#¯¼¬�¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ Á º5 �¬ ½=¾�¹21
Ä�¬)¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ Â�Â�» ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹�¾ È&ʹ ¹6¹ ¾ ®�À ½ �¬�®�·�¸¹%¹ ʬ)¯/"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ » ¹ F®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ �» ¹ ¯¼¬�À Á ·�® ¹21 µ�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹�8.< ¯¼¬�Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹F¹%¾ ¯¼¬�¿�·�À P À ½ » ¹%Á ·F» ¹ ®�º ½ %�=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ P ·�¬ ½$N®%¬'º¼��À ½=¾�¹ ¾ º +Æ�¸¹%¹ �ʬ�¯/"ä¬'º¼» ¹ » ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ F»#" º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ ¸¹21 É ¹%¾�¾�¹ ¸¹%¾�Á » ¹�½ À Á F¬)¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼�» ¹ �¬'¯�º¼» ¹ · < Á ·�» ¹ F=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ·�¸¹ ® ¹%½=¾ < » ¹ )Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1 É ¹ )Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ )�À ½=¾!<�¹%½ 4�¸¹%½ ¸¹ ·�¬'¯ <&Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹%¹ )»�¬ ½ #¯ ¹®%¬��» ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ �¿�À Á ·6¬�®%®�¸¹ » ¹ ·F¬ Á Å¡®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ �» ¹ ��À Á ·�® ¹ 1 µ�¬ ½ ¯ ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹:�<&½ À Á Á�¾ º�¯�º¼�À ½ 6¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ )» ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾:P À�· ¾ ¿�À Á ·�®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½ »=· ¹ ¯ ¹ ¿�¯¼¬ ½ » ¹P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ % Á º�¬ 9 À Á ¸¹ ¯�À�·�F» Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ » ¹ Ã�¬'Å�¬�®%¬ G Ç ¹ Å=º'% Á�¹2<;8;A ¹ ¿ ¾�¹ Æ4Ì�· ¹�,�././.2HF¹%¾ ¯¼¬)»=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½» Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'º ½ �º)% Á�¹ ¯¼¬#»=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º5 =º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬)· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹21 µ�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹�<.<�½ À Á �¬! 0À ½ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹» ¹ �¬�®%®�¸¹ ¯%¸¹ ·�ÀI4�·�¬'Æ¡Æ ¹ �» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿¡¿�·�À=®�È ¹ ¿�À Á ·!¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·�¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ » ¹ ÉFÈ�¬'Æ¡À�¯�º G  ½ » ¹2< 0;? Æ�¬'·�
� ��� ������+I�#� ���(���� ���� � �'� � �
,�././.2HD1 ³6À Á ½ À Á )�À�Æ¡Æ ¹ �¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬ ¾�¾ ¬�®�È�¸¹ �ʬ��¬! 0À�º�·��º�¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¬! �¬'º ¾�¹%Á ¯�º ¹%Á Á ·¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ®�À�¯�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ È�º�Æ�¬'¯¼¬!* ¹%½ À Á Á · Á�½ ®�È ¹ �¬ Á ®�È ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ʬ4¿�¯ Á P À�· ¾ ¿ ¹%½ »�¬ 4 ¹21 É ¹%¾�¾�¹ ¸¹%¾�Á » ¹#¹ ¾º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾�¹ ¿�À Á · ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·F¬ Á Æ¡º ¹%Á Å#¯ ¹ ·�º¼&% Á�¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹ ·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ » Á¡½ À�·�»¡» ¹ ¯/"ä ½ » ¹ À�ÊÁ ¹ �º ¾�Á�¹%½=¾ » ¹%Á Å4Ì�¬'·�·�¬ 4 ¹ 6º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾ 1
Ä�¬�¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ Â�Â�Â�» Á Æ�¬ ½=Á �®�·�º ¾�¹ ¾ ®�À ½ �¬�®�·�¸¹%¹ ʬ�¯/" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½)¹%½ » ¹%Á Åv¸¹%¾ ¬'¿ ¹ F» ¹ ¯¼¬)®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹» ¹ ¯¼¬)· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹21 µ�¬ ½ �¯¼¬)¿�· ¹ Æ¡º@ʹ · ¹ ¸¹%¾ ¬'¿ ¹2<=½ À Á 6»�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ À ½ �¯ ¹ �®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ F ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �» ¹¯¼¬v�À Á ·�® ¹ ʬv¯/"ä¬'º¼» ¹ » ¹ ¡»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ 1 µ�¬ ½ ¡¯¼¬v» ¹%Á Å=º@ʹ Æ ¹ ¸¹%¾ ¬'¿ ¹2<�½ À Á �¬�®%®�¸¹ »=À ½ hʬ¯/" È�º¼ ¾ À�º�· ¹ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹%½ º ½=¾ ·�À=» Á º¼�¬ ½=¾ ¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �» ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ P À�· ¾ »�¬ ½ �¯/" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½=1«�À Á ·4·�¸¹ ¬'¯�º¼ ¹ ·�® ¹ 4 ¹%½ · ¹ »#"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ º�¯ P ¬ Á�¾ ¿�À0�=¸¹ » ¹ ·hʬh¯¼¬ P À�º¼�» ¹ 4»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ S4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ » ¹Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ P À�· ¾ Ì�º ¹%½ ·�¸¹ ¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ ��¿�¬ ¾ º¼¬'¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!1 µ�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹�=.<�½ À Á )¬! 0À ½ A �¬'¯�º¼»�¸¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹¾�¹ ®�È ½ º'% Á�¹ »#" º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ·�º ¹�¹%½ » ¹%Á Å3¸¹%¾ ¬'¿ ¹ �»�¬ ½ F¯ ¹ ®%¬��» Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ » ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� G É�¬'¯�º P À�· ½ º ¹2< 0;?:9 Á º ½,�././02HD1 ³6À Á F¬! 0À ½ �Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ¯�º¼=¸¹ ¯/"�¸¹ 0À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬6· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹�¹%½ Æ ¹%¾�¾ ¬ ½=¾�¹%½ ¸¹ =º¼» ¹%½ ® ¹ ¯ ¹ ) �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �¿�¬ ¾ º�ÀL+ ¾�¹ Æ¡¿�À�· ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ 6» Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!1 Ä)" º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ·�º ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬¡· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ¬'º ½ �º�À�Ì ¾�¹%½=Á�¹2<�½ À Á )¬¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼�» ¹ ®�À ½ ®�¯ Á · ¹ % Á�¹ ¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ » ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·��¬ Á�½�¹ ¿�·�À�¿�¬ 40¬ ¾ º�À ½ È�¸¹%¾ ¸¹ ·�ÀI4�ʹ%½�¹21 É ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¬®%¬��=¸¹ ¿�¯ Á �º ¹%Á ·�6 ¹ 4�Æ ¹%½=¾ �» ¹;P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹)¹%¾6½ À Á �· ¹ Æ�¬'·D% Á À ½ % Á�¹ ¯¼¬4· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ ¬�®%®�¸¹ ¯%¸¹ · ¹ · ¹%¾(¹%¾ · ¹ ¿�¯ Á �º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾�¹ Á ·#¯ ¹ ) ¹ 4�Æ ¹%½=¾ 6Ì�º ¹%½ º¼» ¹%½=¾ º ? ¸¹ 0% Á�¹ »�¬ ½ #¯ ¹ 0M%À ½�¹ )» ¹ · ¹ ¯¼¬'º¼�À�ÊÁ ¬ Á®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º�· ¹�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ ·�¬'¯ ¹%½=¾ º�· ¹%¾ (¹%¾ · ¹ » ¹ ¿�¯ Á P ¬'º�Ì�¯ ¹ ¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹21 ± ½ Á º ¾�¹2< »�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹�12<½ À Á ¡¬! 0À ½ 4¬'¿�¿�¯�º'% Á ¸¹ ¯/" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½v¹%½ » ¹%Á Å�¸¹%¾ ¬'¿ ¹ 4¬ Á Å ¾ ·�À�º¼�¸¹ �¸¹%½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬ Á Å�» ¹ ¯¼¬=¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ÉFÀ�¯ ? À�·�º ¾ À G  ¾ ¬'¯�º ¹ ® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯ ¹2<�,�./.21 + .;?2HD1 ³6À Á )¬! 0À ½ )¬ ¾�¾�¹ º ½=¾ ¯ ¹ �¯�º�Æ¡º ¾�¹ »#"ä¬'¿�¿�¯�º¼®%¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹)½ À ¾ · ¹ Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ ¯�À�·��» ¹ ¯/"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ » ¹ ® ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 1
Ä�¬4¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹  E » Á Æ�¬ ½=Á �®�·�º ¾�¹ ¾ ®�À ½ �¬�®�·�¸¹%¹ ʬ�¯¼¬4®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹¹%½ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹�¹%¾ ʬ)¯¼¬�¿�È.*��º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬)· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹21 µ�¬ ½ F¯ ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹�?.<0½ À Á ½ À Á Fº ½=¾ ¸¹ · ¹ ��À ½ ¬ Á Åv·�¬�»=º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ #¿�¯ Á #È�¬ Á�¾�¹ P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ #» ¹ ¯¼¬h�À Á ·�® ¹ % Á º��À ½=¾ ¿�¯ Á �»=º 7 ®�º�¯ ¹ �ʬ!º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ·�®%¬'·¯¼¬�¿�·�À�¿�¬ 40¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ® ¹ �À ½ » ¹ �®�À Á · ¾�¹ ¿�¸¹ ·�º�À=» ¹G���� ,����.H�½�¹ ¿ ¹%Á�¾ ¿�¬� (¹%¾ · ¹ »�¸¹ ®�·�º ¾�¹ » ¹;P ¬ N®�À ½»�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ º¼ ¾�¹ ®�À�Æ¡Æ ¹�½ À Á �¯/"ä¬! 0À ½ P ¬'º ¾ ¿�À Á · ¹ Å=¿�¯�º'% Á�¹ ·&¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ )4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ ®�À ½=¾�¹%½=ÁÌ�¬�� ¹ P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ 6» ¹ )»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹ »�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ 6¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ 0¡¹%¾.8.1 Ä�¬¡¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ È�¬ Á�¾�¹P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ » Á �º54 ½ ¬'¯��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹F¹ ¾ ® ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »�¬ ½=¾ º ½ »=º¼�¿ ¹%½ �¬'Ì�¯ ¹ ¿�À Á ·F¯ ¹ �¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ F» ¹ Á ¯ ½ ¸¹ ·�¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ ¸¹21µ�¬ ½ )¯ ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹�..<&½ À Á )¬! 0À ½ #»�¸¹ ·�º5 �¸¹#Á�½�¹ ¯�À�º ¹ Æ¡¿�º�·�º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬�» Á ·�¸¹%¹ » Á Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �º¼ +Æ¡º'% Á�¹)¹%½ P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬¡»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹�¹%¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬4Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ Ì�¬�=¸¹%¹ Á ·)» ¹ )»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ¹%Á ·�À�¿�¸¹%¹%½�½�¹ ¹%¾ ®%¬'¯�º P À�· ½ º ¹%½�½�¹ 1 Ä�¬�» Á ·�¸¹%¹ ¬'¿�¿�¬'· ¹%½=¾�¹ »#" Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹2< Ì�º ¹%½ % Á�¹6¾ ·%ʹ � �¬'·�º¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹2<0¹ ¾�Á�¾ º�¯ ¹ ¬ Á Å4º ½ +4�¸¹%½ º ¹%Á ·��¿�À Á ·�¯ ¹ »=º�Æ ¹%½ �º�À ½�½�¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ ».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹ » ¹ F ¾ · Á ® ¾�Á · ¹ 1 Í&·%ʹ F¿�·%ʹ F» ¹ ¯¼¬)�À Á ·�® ¹2< º�¯ ¹ ¾¾ ·%ʹ �»=º 7 ®�º�¯ ¹ » ¹ ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ · Á�½ �º54 ½ ¬'¯ ¹%¾�½ À ¾ ¬'Æ¡Æ ¹%½=¾ �¬�» Á ·�¸¹%¹21 ± ½ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿4¿�·�À=®�È ¹2< ¯ ¹ ¹ O ¹%¾ » Á )ʬ#¯/" À�·�º ¹%½=¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¹%¾ ¬ Á »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬#· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ º ½� Á�¹%½=¾ ¸¹%½ À�·�Æ�¸¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·¯¼¬ P À�·�Æ ¹�¹%¾ ¯¼¬�» Á ·�¸¹%¹ » Á �º54 ½ ¬'¯ 1
5 �
� � � � �=� � � �
� ��� � � � �)� � � � ����� � �� � �,�$��� ��� � � ����� �� ���� �
� � � �� �( � � � � � �6� � � �
��� � % � �1������� � ����%
µ�¬ ½ )® ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬4�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹�¹ ¾�¾ À Á�¾ »#"ä¬'Ì�À�·�»h»�¸¹ ? ½ º 1 Ä ¹ !¸¹%¾ ¬'¿ ¹ ½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��¬'º�· ¹ #ʬ¡�À ½¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ ¡»=º¼�®�º�¿�¯�º ½�¹ F% Á " ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ P ¬'º ¾ º ½=¾�¹ ·& ¹%½ º�·4�À ½=¾�¹%½ Á º ¾�¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ ¸¹%¹ 1 Ä ¹ ¡¿�·�À�Ì�¯%¸¹ +Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �¯�º%¸¹%¹ ¡Ê¬!¯¼¬h�À Á ·�® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹4¹%¾ ¯ ¹ S 0À�º ¹ ¡Ê¬ ¹ Å=¿�¯�À�· ¹ ·#¿�À Á ·4¯ ¹ )·�¸¹ �À Á »=· ¹ �À ½=¾4¹%½ ? ½»=º¼�® Á�¾ ¸¹%¹ 1
�� � ������ � ������� ���� ��� �$� � � ����� ����%� � �1� + ����� � �±$ �¬'¯ Á�¹ ·6¯ ¹ ·�º¼&% Á�¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ · ¹ =º ¹%½=¾ ʬ ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ �®�À ½ =¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ ¹%½!¾�¹ ·�Æ ¹ » ¹ »�¸¹ 4 (¬ ¾ �Æ�¬>+
¾ ¸¹ ·�º ¹ ¯¼ ¹%¾ » ¹ ¿ ¹ · ¾�¹ F» ¹ =º ¹ �È Á Æ�¬'º ½�¹ $% Á º� ¹ ·�¬'º ¹%½=¾ À=®%®%¬��º�À ½�½ ¸¹ �¿�¬'· Á�½4¾ · ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹�¾�¹ ·�· ¹¿�·�À�Ì�¬'Ì�¯ ¹)¹%½�Á�½ �º ¾�¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹21É ¹�½ " ¹ ¾ ¿�¬��¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹¡¹%½ ¯ Á º�Æ (¹ Æ ¹ % Á " º�¯ P ¬ Á�¾ ®�·�¬'º ½ »=· ¹ Æ�¬'º¼)¿�¯ Á�¾ (À ¾ ¯ ¹ �» ¹ ¾ · Á ® ¾ º�À ½
¿�·�À 0À.% Á ¸¹%¹ &¿�¬'·�¯ ¹ &À ½ » ¹ $% Á " º�¯24�¸¹%½ ʹ · ¹ À Á ¯ ¹ �»�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �»=º O ¸¹ · ¹%½=¾ º ¹ ¯¼&» ¹ �» ¹%Á Å)¯@ʹ =· ¹ &» ¹ ¯¼¬P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21 Ä ¹ ·�º¼&% Á�¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹F¹ ¾ »=À ½ ®�¬! �¬ ½=¾�¾ À Á�¾ ®�À ½ »=º ¾ º�À ½�½ ¸¹ ¿�¬'·�¯¼¬6¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½ ® ¹ »#" º ½QP ·�¬� ¾ · Á ® ¾�Á · ¹ 1Ä)" ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á ·�º¼&% Á�¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¹ »�¸¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�À0 ¹�¹%½ » ¹%Á Å ¾ *=¿ ¹ F»#"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ 1 Í&À Á�¾ »#"ä¬'Ì�À�·�»¡º�¯
¹ ¾6½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��¬'º�· ¹ » ¹ ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·6¯ ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ � Á �® ¹ ¿ ¾ º�Ì�¯ ¹ 6» ¹ ¹ ¿�·�À=» Á º�· ¹ ¿�·%ʹ 6» Á �º ¾�¹ »#"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹¹%¾ ¯ ¹ )Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ 0% Á º�¯ ¹%Á ·��À ½=¾ ¬���À=®�º%¸¹ < ®I" ¹ ¾ ¯/"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21 ± ½ Á º ¾�¹2<¯ ¹ Fº ½ 4�¸¹%½ º ¹%Á ·��» ¹ � ¾ · Á ® ¾�Á · ¹ 4¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹%½=¾ ¯¼¬� Á ¯ ½ ¸¹ ·�¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ �®�À ½ ¾ · Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1 µ�¬ ½ �® ¹ % Á º& Á º ¾!< ¹%Á ¯&¯/"ä¬��¿ ¹ ® ¾ ¬'¯%¸¹ ¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹6¹ ¾ ¬'Ì�À�·�»�¸¹21Ä�¬vË�·�¬ ½ ® ¹!¹ ¾ % Á ¬'¯�º ? ¸¹%¹ » ¹ ¿�¬!*�!ʬv�º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹4¹%¾ ʬv¬'¯%¸¹ ¬ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ·�¸¹ 4®%¬'· ¹ ¯�¯ ¹�¹ ¾
�º ¾�Á ¸¹%¹ »�¬ ½ Á�½ ®�À ½=¾�¹ Å ¾�¹ 4�¸¹ À=».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¿ ¹%Á ¬�® ¾ º PR1 Çh¬'º¼ < º�¯�*¡¬ ½ ¸¹ ¬ ½ Æ¡À�º ½ F» ¹ F·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ �¿�À Á ·¯ ¹ &% Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �¯/"ä¬�® ¾ º5 =º ¾ ¸¹�¾�¹ ® ¾ À ½ º'% Á�¹h¹%¾ ¯ ¹ ·�º¼&% Á�¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �À ½=¾ �º54 ½ º ? ®%¬ ¾ º P 1 ÉA" ¹ ¾ ¯ ¹ ®%¬�!» ¹
5�5 �A��� � �)�.�#� ���(� ���"! � � �� � ��� ���(�'&�� �*) � ������ �4� ��� � � �� �#��� � ��� � �!���)#+ �«$*=·�¸¹%½ ¸¹%¹ < » ¹ ¯¼¬�«�·�À ¹%½ ® ¹�¹%¾ » ¹ �´6¯�¿ ¹ % Á º&À ½=¾ ®�À ½�½=Á »#" º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ 1Ä ¹ ¹ O ¹%¾ �»#"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ? ®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á �º54 ½ ¬'¯&�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¿�¬'·6» ¹ �®�À Á ®�È ¹ F=¸¹ »=º�Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'º�· ¹ �¿ ¹%Á ®�À ½ �ÀL+
¯�º¼»�¸¹%¹ �À Á ¿�¬'·�¯¼¬ ¾ À�¿�ÀI4�·�¬'¿�È�º ¹ ¿ ¹%Á ¹%½=¾ ¬ Á 4�Æ ¹%½=¾�¹ ·�¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬4�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21 ÉA" ¹ ¾ ¯/" ¹ O ¹%¾ » ¹ �º ¾�¹ % Á º½ À ½ ¹%Á ¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¿ ¹%Á�¾ ¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ? ¹ ·6»�¬ ½ �® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ 40¬'Æ¡Æ ¹ �» ¹@P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ ¯/"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ » Á �º54 ½ ¬'¯»#" Á�½ P ¬�® ¾�¹%Á ·)¿�À Á �¬ ½=¾ (¹%¾ · ¹ Á ¿�¸¹ ·�º ¹%Á ·¡Ê¬ , A.< Æ�¬'º¼6¿ ¹%Á�¾ ¬ Á ��º�¯ ¹@P ¬'º�· ¹ » Á · ¹ ·)¿�¯ Á �¯�À ½ 4 ¾�¹ Æ¡¿�¯�À�·�&% Á�¹ ¯ ¹ �À ½ » ¹ ��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ��À ½=¾ ¿�º%¸¹ 4�¸¹%¹ �»�¬ ½ Á�½ Ì�¬���º ½ =¸¹ »=º�Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'º�· ¹21
��� ��� �1�$� � � ������ � ����% � � � �� � ����� � �
«�À Á ·�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á�¹ ·�¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬6�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ º�¯ ¹ ¾�¾ À Á�¾ »#"ä¬'Ì�À�·�» ½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��¬'º�· ¹ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯¼¬6¿�À ¾�¹%½=¾ º¼¬'¯�º ¾ ¸¹ % Á "ä¬Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ » ¹ ¹ »�¸¹ ®�¯ ¹%½ ®�È ¹ · 1 ´ ¯/"�¸¹ ®�È ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ » Á 4�¯�À�Ì ¹)¾�¹ ·�· ¹ ¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �À ½=¾ ¯�º ¹%Á ¿�·�¸¹8P ¸¹ · ¹%½=¾ º ¹ ¯ +¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ʬ�¯¼¬ P ·�À ½=¾ º@ʹ · ¹ » ¹ �¿�¯¼¬I% Á�¹ �¯�º ¾ È�À0�¿�È�¸¹ ·�º'% Á�¹ < ¯�ʬ)À�ÊÁ ¯¼¬#®�·�À (Á�¾�¹�¹ ¾ ¯¼¬�¿�¯ Á P ·�¬ 4�º�¯ ¹21 Ä)"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹�¹ ¾ »=À ½ ® ¾ ·%ʹ �¸¹ ¯ ¹ �¸¹ ¬ Áh½ º5 ¹ ¬ Á » ¹ �¯�º�Æ¡º ¾�¹ �» ¹ ¿�¯¼¬I% Á�¹ 1 ´® ¹%¾�¾�¹ ¬�® ¾ º5 =º ¾ ¸¹ ¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ =º ¹%½=¾ "ä¬ 9 À Á�¾�¹ · Á�½�¹ �º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ ¿�¯ Á �»=º O Á ¹ Á ·�» ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ � ¹ ®�À ½ »�¬'º�· ¹ $% Á º ½ " ¹%½ �À ½=¾ ¿�¬��Æ¡À�º ½ ¬�® ¾ º5 ¹ �»=À ½ ®#Æ ¹%½ ¬ N®%¬ ½=¾�¹ 1 Ä)"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬4�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ »#" Á�½�¹ ·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ ¿�¬�� ¹ »#"ä¬'Ì�À�·�»!¿�¬'·¯¼¬#· ¹ ®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ F¿�·�¸¹%¹ Å=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½=¾�¹ <=¹%¾ ¯/"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ » ¹ ¯ ¹%Á ·�¬�® ¾ º5 =º ¾ ¸¹21Ä�¬!�º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ » Á Ì�¬���º ½ Æ�¸¹ »=º ¾�¹ ·�·�¬ ½ ¸¹%¹%½=< ·�¸¹ Á ¯ ¾�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬!®�À ½ ¹ ·&4 ¹%½ ® ¹ » ¹ �¿�¯¼¬I% Á�¹ )´ P ·�º'% Á�¹
¹%¾ ± Á ·�¬��º ¹21 É ¹%¾�¾�¹ ®�À ½ ¹ ·&4 ¹%½ ® ¹ »=À ½�½�¹h½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹ ʬ Á�½ »=À�Æ�¬'º ½�¹ » ¹ ®�À�¯�¯�º¼�º�À ½ ®�À ½=¾ º ½�¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼=¸¹ ¿�¬'· Á�½�¹ ¬�® ¾ º5 =º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹�¾ *=¿ ¹ º ½=¾ ·�¬'¿�¯¼¬I% Á�¹21 Ä)"ä¬�® ¾ º5 =º ¾ ¸¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬hË�·�¬ ½ ® ¹ ¿ ¹%Á�¾(¹%¾ · ¹ % Á ¬'¯�º ? ¸¹%¹ » ¹ Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ·�¸¹%¹ ¿�¬'·�·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ʬ#»#"ä¬ Á�¾ · ¹ $M%À ½�¹ �¿�¯ Á F¬�® ¾ º5 ¹ ¹%½ Ç+¸¹ »=º ¾�¹ ·�·�¬ ½ ¸¹%¹2<'¾�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ % Á�¹ ¯¼¬ - ·%ʹ ® ¹ À Á ¯/"ä ¾ ¬'¯�º ¹21 É ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »�¬ ½=¾!< À ½ »�¸¹%½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹�¹%½ Æ¡À * ¹%½�½�¹6¹%½ Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹�¾ ·�À�º¼6=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ F» ¹Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ Á ¿�¸¹ ·�º ¹%Á · ¹ ʬ =4¹%¾ 9 Á &% Á "¼Ê¬ Á�½�¹ »=º5M'¬'º ½�¹ » ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �» ¹ Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ Á ¿�¸¹ ·�º ¹%Á · ¹ ʬ <¿�¬'·��º@ʹ ®�¯ ¹SG Ä�¬'Æ4Ì ¹ · ¾���������� <�,�./.21IHD1Ä�¬!¿�· ¹ Æ¡º@ʹ · ¹ ¸¹%¾ ¬'¿ ¹ » ¹ ¯/"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ®�À ½ �º¼ ¾�¹ ®�¯¼¬���º'% Á�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ʬ!»�¸¹%¾�¹ ·R+
Æ¡º ½�¹ ·6¯/"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ ¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹ » Á ¿�·�À=®�È�¬'º ½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �º54 ½ º ? ®%¬ ¾ º P ¹%½hÁ�½ ¯�º ¹%Á »=À ½�½ ¸¹ ʬ¡¯¼¬¡¯ Á Æ¡º@ʹ · ¹» ¹ �¸¹ �¸¹%½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �¿�¬��=¸¹ 1 É ¹%¾�¾�¹)¾ (¬�®�È ¹)¹ ¾ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º5 ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ ¬'º¼=¸¹%¹ »�¬ ½ �» ¹ �·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ �À�ÊÁ ¯ ¹)¾ ¬ Á Å!» ¹»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½¡¹ ¾ ¸¹ ¯ ¹ �¸¹SG ®�À�Æ¡Æ ¹ ¿�À Á ·�¯¼¬#¿�¯ Á ¿�¬'· ¾ » ¹ �·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ 6» Á ¿�À Á · ¾ À Á ·)» Á «�¬�®�º ? % Á�¹IHD1´ Á ®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º�· ¹2< »�¬ ½ 6¯ ¹ KM%À ½�¹ #ʬ P ¬'º�Ì�¯ ¹)¾ ¬ Á Å!» ¹ »�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½=< ¯¼¬��º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹
À Á È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ ®�À ½ ¾ º ¾�Á�¹#¾ ·%ʹ 6�À Á ¹%½=¾!< ®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹)¾�¹%½=Á » ¹ �¯�À ½ 406º ½=¾�¹ ·& �¬'¯�¯ ¹ �» ¹ ·�¸¹ ® Á ·�· ¹%½ ® ¹ » ¹ ¸¹ �¸¹%½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ &�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ <'Á�½�¹ P ¹%½ (¹%¾ · ¹ » ¹6¾�¹ Æ¡¿��º ½ ÁQ7 �¬ ½=¾�¹ ¿�À Á ·�¯¼¬�¿�·�¸¹ =º¼�º�À ½ » ¹ 4¸¹ �¸¹%½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¹ Å ¾ · (¹ Æ ¹ 1 «�À Á ·�·�¸¹ �À Á »=· ¹ ® ¹ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹2< ¯ ¹ ¹ Å=¿ ¹ · ¾ )· ¹ ®�È ¹ ·�®�È ¹%½=¾ » ¹ )º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ #®�À�Æ¡¿�¯%¸¹ +Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'º�· ¹ 6ʬ ¾ ·�¬! ¹ ·��»#"ä¬ Á�¾ · ¹ 6»=º¼�®�º�¿�¯�º ½�¹ ¾�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ K% Á�¹ ¯/"ä¬'·�®�È�¸¹ À0�º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹2< ¯¼¬#¿�¬'¯%¸¹ À0�º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹2<4¹%¾¯¼¬ ½ ¸¹ À ¾�¹ ® ¾ À ½ º'% Á�¹21Ä�¬�®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¡=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �ʬ ¿�· ¹%½ »=· ¹!¹%½ ®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ ¿�À Á ·�¯/" ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬h· ¹ +
¿�À0 ¹ ¬�® ¾�Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·�¯¼¬#Ì�¬� ¹ » ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ Ï Â�²6±F³�± < % Á º&®�À ½=¾ º ¹%½=¾ » ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ � Á ·�¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ P ·�¬ ½$N®%¬'º¼ 1 «�¬'·#¬'º�¯�¯ ¹%Á ·� < ¯ ¹ 6Ì�¬� ¹ )» ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹ < Æ�¬'¯54�·�¸¹ ¯ ¹P ¬'º�Ì�¯ ¹ º ½=¾�¹ ·& �¬'¯�¯ ¹ » ¹#¾�¹ Æ¡¿�K% Á " ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �®�À Á =· ¹%½=¾!< ¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ �¿�·�¸¹ ®�º ¹%Á ¹ �¿�¬'·�Æ¡º
� S�� � +I���� #� �!�.�#� ��� ����� ���=� � � � ���S��� ���(�'&�� � 5 �
¯ ¹ &% Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �¯ ¹ �¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ �¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �Æ�¸¹ ®%¬ ½ º¼�Æ ¹ F¬ Á P À * ¹ · 1Ä�¬¡· ¹ ®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹ » ¹ AM%À ½�¹ ��À Á ·�® ¹ 0 ¹ ·�·�¬ < ¯¼¬4¿�¯ Á ¿�¬'· ¾ » Áh¾�¹ Æ¡¿� < ¯¼¬�®�À�¯�¯¼¬'Ì�À�·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹
¾�¹ ® ¾ À ½ º¼®�º ¹%½ < » ¹ A4�¸¹ À�¯�ÀI4 Á�¹ ¹%¾ » ¹ 6�º¼�Æ¡À�¯�ÀI4 Á�¹ 6 ¯ ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¾ ·%ʹ 6¬�® ¾ º5 ¹ �Æ�¬'·D% Á�¹%½=¾ ÁQ7 �¬'Æ +Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯¼¬4Æ¡À�·�¿�È�À�¯�ÀI4�º ¹ » Á ¿�¬!*��¬ 4 ¹ G »�¸¹ ®%¬'¯¼¬ 4 ¹ )» ¹ �· ¹ ¯�º ¹8P < » Á ®�À Á ·�)» ¹ 6·�º5 =º@ʹ · ¹ <)1!1!1 H ¿�À Á ·% Á�¹ ¯¼¬#¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ��À Á ·�® ¹ ��À�º ¾ ¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹21 Ä)" º¼» ¹%½=¾ º ? ®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ½ " ¹ ¾ ¿�À Á · ¾ ¬ ½=¾ ¿�¬�¾ À ÁL9 À Á ·���º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹2< ¿�À Á ·�» ¹ ��À Á ·�® ¹ F¿ ¹%Á ¬�® ¾ º5 ¹ < ®�À�Æ¡Æ ¹ ®I" ¹ ¾ ¯ ¹ ®%¬� ¹%½ Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹21 «�À Á · ¾ ·�¬I% Á�¹ ·» ¹�¾�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ < ¯¼¬�· ¹ ®�È ¹ ·�®�È ¹ »#" º ½ »=º¼® ¹ &» ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹�¹%¾ ¯ ¹ ®�À ½ ®�À Á ·��» ¹ ¾�¹ ® ¾ À ½ º¼®�º ¹%½ ¹%¾ » ¹ K4�¸¹ À�¯�ÀI4 Á�¹ 6�À ½=¾6Á�¾ º�¯ ¹ 1
��� ��� �1�$� � � ������ � ����% ��� � ��� ��� � � % � ������� ���� �J ½�¹ P À�º¼�¯¼¬�®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ��À Á ·�® ¹ ¹ O ¹ ® ¾�Á ¸¹%¹FG ¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½=< Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹2<#1!1!1 HD< ¯¼¬#Æ¡ÀL+
»�¸¹ ¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ F¿�·�¸¹ Á ¹%½ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½ 6�º ¾�¹ 6» ¹ =º ¹%½=¾�½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��¬'º�· ¹21 ´�® ¾�Á�¹ ¯ +¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!< ¯ ¹ 6Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ 6�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ #ʬ¡¿�· ¹%½ »=· ¹�¹%½ ®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ ¿�À Á ·)¯ ¹ )®�À ½ ¾ · Á ® ¾ º�À ½ )®�·�º ¾ º'% Á�¹ · ¹ ¿�À0 ¹%½=¾�¹ � ¹%½=¾ º ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ Á ·�» ¹ �¯�À�º¼�»#"ä¬ ¾�¾ ¸¹%½=Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ ®%¬'¯%¸¹%¹ � Á ·�» ¹ �Ì�¬� ¹ 6» ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6¬�®%®�¸¹ +¯%¸¹ ·�À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º'% Á�¹ 1 É ¹ �¯�À�º¼�»#"ä¬ ¾�¾ ¸¹%½=Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ »�¸¹ ®�·�º ¾�¹ �¬ Á ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹�. �À ½=¾ Ì�¬�=¸¹%¹ ) Á ·#» ¹ 6Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ ¹ Æ¡¿�º�·�º'% Á�¹ 1 É ¹ )¯�À�º¼)¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ »=º�· ¹ ¯ ¹ #®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ )» Á Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹¿�À Á · Á�½�¹ »=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹ ʬ�¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹2<�Á�½�¹ Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹�¹%¾)Á�½�¹ ®�À ½ »=º ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �º ¾�¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 1 Ä ¹ )º ½ +4�¸¹%½ º ¹%Á ·�#» Á 4�¸¹%½ º ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ÎÁ�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹%½=¾ ¯/" º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ®�À ½=¾�¹%½=Á�¹ »�¬ ½ #¯/"ä¬�®%®�¸¹ ¯%¸¹ ·�ÀI4�·�¬'Æ¡Æ ¹�À Á 6¯¼¬ P À�·�Æ ¹ »#" Á�½ �¿ ¹ ® ¾ · ¹ » ¹ ·�¸¹ ¿�À ½ ¹ ¿�À Á ·)»=º�Æ ¹%½ �º�À ½�½�¹ ·�¯ ¹ 6 ¾ · Á ® ¾�Á · ¹ 6¬ Á Å ½ À�·�Æ ¹ �¿�¬>+·�¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1 É ¹ �¿ ¹ ® ¾ · ¹)¹ ¾ ¯¼¬#·�¸¹ ¿�À ½ ¹ »#" Á�½ À0�®�º�¯�¯¼¬ ¾�¹%Á ·�¯�º ½ ¸¹ ¬'º�· ¹ ʬ Á�½ ¹%Á ¯&» ¹ 4�·�¸¹ » ¹ ¯�º�Ì ¹ · ¾ ¸¹2<ʬ Á�½ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¬'¿�¿�¯�º'% Á ¸¹ ʬ¡�¬4Ì�¬� ¹21 Ä)"�¸¹ % Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯/" À0�®�º�¯�¯¼¬ ¾�¹%Á ·¯�º�Ì�· ¹ "�¸¹ ®�·�º ¾�6 �����
G��DH� � � 0��� ���G��DH� �
� �G��DH������)G��DH G-,I1 , H
À�ÊÁ�G��DHF¹ ¾ ¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯/" À0�®�º�¯�¯¼¬ ¾�¹%Á ·��À Á Æ¡º¼)ʬ4¯/" ¹ Å�®�º ¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½��)G��DHD< ®I" ¹ ¾ + ʬ>+ »=º�· ¹ ¯/"ä¬�® +
®�¸¹ ¯%¸¹ ·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á �À�¯ 1��h¹ ¾ ¯/"ä¬'Æ¡À�· ¾ º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ =º¼&% Á�¹%Á Å ¹%¾� ¹ ¾ ¯¼¬ P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ ¿�·�À�¿�· ¹ » ¹ ¯/" À0 +®�º�¯�¯¼¬ ¾�¹%Á · 1 É ¹%¾�¾�¹�½ À ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �¿ ¹ ® ¾ · ¹ » ¹ ·�¸¹ ¿�À ½ ¹ ¬�¸¹%¾ ¸¹ º ½=¾ ·�À=» Á º ¾�¹�¹%½ 4�¸¹%½ º ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¿�¬'·° ¹%½ º�ÀLO G-,�.;8>:.H#¹%¾ � À Á ½�¹ · G-,�.>: , H ¿�À Á ·4¿�·�¸¹ 0À�º�·#¯ ¹ �»�¸¹ 4 (¬ ¾ �®%¬ Á =¸¹ 4¬ Á Å�®�À ½ ¾ · Á ® ¾ º�À ½ #¿�¬'·» ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 1 É ¹ �¿ ¹ ® ¾ · ¹ »=À ½�½�¹ ¿�À Á · Á�½�¹@P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹2<�Á�½ ¹%Á º�¯ GC¹%½ ¬�®%®�¸¹ ¯%¸¹ ·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¿�¬'·¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹IH ¬ Á % Á�¹ ¯&¯ ¹ Ì (¬ ¾ º�Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ =·�¬#·�¸¹ �º¼ ¾�¹ · 1
��� � �1�$+ � � � � � ���� � �,��� �'� � �� �"!� � � �$����� � ����% � � �"!#�$� � �± ½ ® ¹ % Á º&®�À ½ ® ¹ · ½�¹ ¯ ¹ �®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �» ¹ ¯¼¬#�À Á ·�® ¹2< » ¹%Á Å4¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ P À ½ »�¬'Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬ Á Å¡ ¹
¿�À0 ¹%½=¾ ¯�À�·�F» ¹ ¯/" ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹F¾�¹ ¯�% Á " º�¯ ¹ ¾ ¿�·�¬ ¾ º'% Á ¸¹ ¬ Á ° Á · ¹ ¬ Á »#"ä±$ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½» ¹ �²�º¼&% Á�¹ Ï º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �¿�À Á ·6¯¼¬ Ï)(Á · ¹%¾ ¸¹ » ¹ � ½ ¾ ¬'¯�¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ 6³ Á ®�¯%¸¹ ¬'º�· ¹ 6
5 � �A��� � �)�.�#� ���(� ���"! � � �� � ��� ���(�'&�� �*) � ������ �4� ��� � � �� �#��� � ��� � �!���)#+ �
site
source
propagation
géologie structurale
sismicité instrumentalepaléosismicité
sismologie
Caractérisation du mouvement sismique
néotectoniquesismicité historique
dynamique des solsgéotechnique
Caractérisation des sources
������� ,I1 , 2�� ¢%���÷�=���¼�0� =�)��� ����©���¡� ÷�%§���%���&ª�©���@��¨�����¨���¼��� ¨�������� �
+�� Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹6¹ ¾ ¯/" º ½� Á�¹%½ ® ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬� ¹ 4�Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ Á ·�¯¼¬ ¾ ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ » Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹��Ä�¬)®�À�Æ¡¿�·�¸¹ È ¹%½ �º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'·�· (¹%¾ » ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¹ ¾ P À ½ »�¬'Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹ ¿�À Á ·F»�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½�¹ ·&¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ Æ�¬'Å=º +Æ�¬'¯�»�¬ ½ Á�½�¹ ·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹¡¹%¾ ¬'º ½ �º�Æ¡º ¹%Á Å+¸¹ �¬'¯ Á�¹ ·)¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21 Â@¯ ¹ ¾ º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾ » ¹�¬! 0À�º�·$% Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ &�À ½=¾ ¯ ¹ &Ì�¬'·�·�º@ʹ · ¹ )% Á º�¬'·�· (¹%¾�¹%½=¾�Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹�¹%¾ % Á�¹ ¯ ¹ ¾ ¯ ¹ · (À�¯ ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬6 ¹ 4�Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½» ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ � Á ·F¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬6· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21 µ ¹6½ À Á ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ¾ ·%ʹ �¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ ¬�® ¾�Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ » ¹ Æ¡º ¹%Á Å!®�À�Æ¡¿�· ¹%½ »=· ¹ ®�À�Æ¡Æ ¹%½=¾ ¹ ¿�·�À�¿�¬ 4 ¹ ¯¼¬¡· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹4¹%¾ % Á�¹ ¯¼�À ½=¾ ¯ ¹ P ¬�® ¾�¹%Á ·�A% Á º�¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¾ À�¿�¿ ¹ ·6¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹21
+ ÉFÀ�Æ¡Æ ¹%½=¾ ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ®�·�¸¹ ¸¹ ¿�¬'· Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¿�·�À=®�È ¹��«�·%ʹ �» ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ < º�¯ ¹ ¾ »=º 7 ®�º�¯ ¹ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯¼¬v·�¬�»=º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ È�¬ Á�¾�¹ P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹!¹%¾ ¯¼¬�» Á ·�¸¹%¹ » ¹�À�¯�¯�º¼®�º ¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¬ Á Å�% Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ 4 ¹ ·�¬'º ¹%½=¾ �À Á Æ¡º¼ ¹ �¯ ¹ 4®�À ½ ¾ · Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 1 É ¹ 4¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ <FÁ�¾ º�¯ ¹ 4¬ Á ź ½ 4�¸¹%½ º ¹%Á ·��¿�À Á · ¾�¹ ¾�¹ ·)¯ ¹ ) ¾ · Á ® ¾�Á · ¹ < »�¸¹ ¿ ¹%½ » ¹%½=¾ P À�· ¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬¡¿�È.*��º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬¡· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ Á · Á�½�¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ʬ 4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ Å ¹21 É ¹%¾�¾�¹ »=º 7 ® Á ¯ ¾ ¸¹ »�¬ ½ 4¯¼¬ ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹¿�·�À=®�È ¹ =º ¹%½=¾ » Á P ¬'º ¾ % Á�¹2<Q9 Á &% Á "¼Ê¬!·�¸¹ ® ¹ Æ¡Æ ¹%½=¾6¹%½ ®�À�· ¹2< ¯ ¹ # ¹%Á ¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ¹%½v½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ % Á�¹¿�À0�=¸¹ »�¬'º ¾ ¯/" ¹ Å=¿ ¹ · ¾ ¸¹%¾ ¬'º ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ �À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ 6» ¹ 6»�¸¹ 4 (¬ ¾ G »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ HD1
��� ����%�������������%
«�À Á ·6·�¸¹ ¿�À ½ »=· ¹ ʬ4® ¹ % Á�¹ ¾ º�À ½ < º�¯ ¹ ¾6½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��¬'º�· ¹ »#"�¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·�¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬#· Á ¿Q+¾�Á · ¹ ¯�À�·�#»#" Á�½v¾ · ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹4¾�¹ ·�· ¹¡¹%¾ ¯ ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹#¹%½ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿h¿�·�À=®�È ¹21 Â@¯ ¹ ¾¸¹ 40¬'¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��¬'º�· ¹ »#"�¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·�¯¼¬¡®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ » ¹ 6=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �¿�À Á ·#¬! 0À�º�·�» ¹ �º ½ »=º¼®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ � Á ·¯ ¹ �¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ K% Á º�®�À ½=¾ · (À�¯ ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ ¿�·�À=® ¹ � Á 6» ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹76 ®I" ¹ ¾ ¯ ¹ ÁL9 ¹%¾ » ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹�¾ È&ʹ ¹21µ ¹F½ À Á ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ��º¼�Æ¡À�¯�ÀI4�º'% Á�¹ G Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ P À�· ¾ H�¹%¾ 4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ G º ½=¾�¹ · P ¸¹ ·�À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹
� S����+ � �)��� ��� 5�·�¬�»�¬'· H ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ Æ ¹ Á · ¹ ·�¯ ¹ 6Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ )»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ �®�·�¸¹ ¸¹ �¿�¬'·#¯ ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¾ ·%ʹ �¿�·%ʹ �» ¹ ¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹21 É ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ½ À Á ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �®�À ½=¾ º ¹%½�½�¹%½=¾ » ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ � Á ·�¯ ¹ ¿�·�À=® ¹ � Á �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ʬ��¬!�À Á ·�® ¹ ®I" ¹ ¾ + ʬ>+ »=º�· ¹ ¯�À�·�)» ¹ ¯¼¬¡¿�·�À�¿�¬ 40¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬¡· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ Á ·)¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21 ³6À Á ¬! 0À ½ F»�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿�¸¹�Á�½�¹ Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ »#" º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ·�º ¹ » Á ¿�·�À=® ¹ � Á �» ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹6¹%½4Á�¾ º�¯�º¼�¬ ½=¾ ® ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ½ À Á ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ 1 ³6À Á �¬! 0À ½ �¬'¯�º¼»�¸¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹ Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ »�¬ ½ 6¯ ¹ ®%¬��» Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ®%¬'¯�º P À�· ½ º ¹%½ » ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·�G �6¹ · ½ ¬ ½ » ¹ M ��������� <�,�././.2HD1³6À Á �¬! 0À ½ �¬ Á ®�À Á ·��» ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹F¾ È&ʹ ¹ ¸¹%¾�Á »=º%¸¹ »#"ä¬ Á�¾ · ¹ ��À Á ·�® ¹ ��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾
% Á " ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ K4�¸¹%½ ʹ · ¹%½=¾ »�¬ ½ Á�½ Ì Á�¾ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬4�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹)¹%¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬¡®�À�Æ¡¿�·�¸¹ È ¹%½ �º�À ½ » ¹¯¼¬#· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21
5 � �A��� � �)�.�#� ���(� ���"! � � �� � ��� ���(�'&�� �*) � ������ �4� ��� � � �� �#��� � ��� � �!���)#+ �
5 �
� � � � �=� � � �
� �( � � � � �$� �6� � � � �,�$��� ��� �
�� � % � �1������� � ����%Ä ¹ ¿�· ¹ Æ¡º ¹ ·#®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ » ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹�¾ È&ʹ ¹ ¬ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼�» ¹ ¿�À0 ¹ ·¡¯ ¹ ®%¬�»=· ¹ » ¹!½ À ¾ · ¹ · ¹ ®�È ¹ ·�®�È ¹76
¯/"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬¡�À Á ·�® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹2< ʬ¡¯/"ä¬'º¼» ¹ » ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �¿�·�À=®�È ¹ < ¬>? ½ » ¹ ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·)¬ Á Æ¡º ¹%Á ů ¹ )=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ 6Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ % Á ºF¯ ¹%Á ·#�À ½=¾ ¬���À=®�º%¸¹ �»�¬ ½ Á�½ Ì Á�¾ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹6¹%¾ » ¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�·�¸¹ È ¹%½ �º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬#· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21µ�¬ ½ #® ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹2<�½ À Á )¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ �¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ S% Á�¹�½ À Á #¬! 0À ½ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹%¹ 6¿�À Á ·v¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·
»=º O ¸¹ · ¹%½=¾ ¡=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �»=À ½=¾¡½ À Á ¡¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ ¡¯ ¹ �·�¸¹ Á ¯ ¾ ¬ ¾ �»�¬ ½ ¡¯¼¬v» ¹%Á Å=º@ʹ Æ ¹¡¹%¾ ¯¼¬ ¾ ·�À�º¼�º@ʹ Æ ¹¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹21 ´6¿�·%ʹ ¡¬! 0À�º�·¡»�¸¹ ®�·�º ¾ ® ¹ ¡»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ <�½ À Á ¡¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ 4¯ ¹ P À�·�Æ Á ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ 4»=º�· ¹ ® ¾�¹ ½ À Á ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ ¬ ½=¾ » ¹ ®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯ ¹ ·6¯ ¹ 6»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ � ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ 6Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �» Á �À�¯Ê¬¡¿�¬'· ¾ º�·#»#" Á�½ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ » ¹ �À Á ·�® ¹21 ³6À Á �¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ < ʬ¡¯¼¬ ? ½ » ¹ ® ¹ ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹2< ¯ ¹ ¾�¹ ®�È ½ º'% Á�¹ »#" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ % Á�¹)½ À Á 6¬! 0À ½ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹%¹ F¿�À Á ·�®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½ »=· ¹ ¯ ¹ F¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ �» ¹)½ À0�Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ 1 Ä ¹ ¬'¯54�À�·�º ¾ È�Æ ¹ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹ ½ À Á )À ½=¾ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼6» ¹4¾ ·�À Á ¹ ·)» ¹ �Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ ¹%½ ¬�®%®�À�·�» ¬! ¹ ®#¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¸¹%¹ 1 É ¹ ¾�¹ ®�È ½ º'% Á�¹ �»#" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½v½ À Á 4À ½=¾ » ¹ ¿�¯ Á �¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼#» ¹!¾�¹ ¾�¹ ·�¯/" Á�½ º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹¡¹%¾ ¯¼¬·�¸¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ » ¹)½ À06�À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ 1
� � ��%�%� �'� �,������� ��%���+ � � ��� ����� ��� ����� � ����� �������� �
Â@¯ ½ " ¹ ¾ ¿�¬�6¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹ »#"�¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·6»=º�· ¹ ® ¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ 6=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �¯�ʬ�À�ÊÁ º�¯¼6 ¹ »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹%½=¾!< ʬ4¿�¯ Á +�º ¹%Á ·� C=º�¯�À�Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ ��À Á ½ À06¿�º ¹ »� 1 ´A ¹ ®�¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ �·�¸¹ ¹ ¬ Á Åh�º¼�Æ¡À�¯�ÀI4�º'% Á�¹ �º�¯ ¹ ¾¬ ÁL9 À Á ·�»#" È Á º=¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹ »#"ä¬ ½ ¬'¯5*� ¹ ·�¯ ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » Á �À�¯ ¹%½ · ¹ 4�º¼ ¾ ·�¸¹2<%¹%½;P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ » Á#¾�¹ Æ¡¿� < ¿�·%ʹ » ¹ ¯¼¬!�À Á ·�® ¹21 Â@¯ ¹ ¾ ¬ Á ��º�¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹ »#"ä¬! 0À�º�·#¬�®%®�ʹ )¬ Á Åv»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ )» ¹ ¯¼¬! Á · P ¬�® ¹¡¾�¹ ·�· ¹ ¾ · ¹®�·�¸¹ ¸¹%¹ �¿�¬'·�¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 4�· (¬�® ¹ ʬ�» ¹ �Æ ¹ Á · ¹ &» ¹ 4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º ¹ �¿�¬ ¾ º¼¬'¯ ¹ È�¬ Á�¾�¹ ·�¸¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½=1 ± ½ · ¹ �¬ ½ ®�È ¹2<¹%½ ® ¹ % Á º�®�À ½ ® ¹ · ½�¹ ¯ ¹ 6=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �¿�¬��=¸¹ < ¹%Á ¯¼6¯ ¹ �¸¹ ®�·�º ¾ < ¯ ¹ 6»�¸¹ 4 (¬ ¾ ) Á ·�¯ ¹ 6®�À ½ ¾ · Á ® ¾ º�À ½ 6À Á¯ ¹ ��º54 ½ ¬ ¾�Á · ¹ 4Æ¡À�·�¿�È�À�¯�ÀI4�º'% Á�¹ �» Á ¿�¬!*��¬ 4 ¹ ¿ ¹%Á ¹%½=¾�½ À Á 4¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾�¹ ·�» ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ � Á ·¯/"ä¬�® ¾ º5 =º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ ��À Á ·�® ¹ 6�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1
5 � �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
������� 2 ��� ��� "�� ���*������� � '�*�*� ���������0%����0�� !�!�*� %��0� �7"�)7� �!�*�´�¯/" È ¹%Á · ¹ ¬�® ¾�Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¯ ¹ F»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ¾ ¸¹ ¯%¸¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �Æ¡À ½ »=º¼¬'¯ ¹ G - ¸¹ À0�®�À�¿ ¹�� < Â�²6 Ï
�H ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾
» ¹ ¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼ ¹ ·6º ½ ¾ ¬ ½=¾ ¬ ½ ¸¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ 4�·�À0�=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ )ʬ�¯/"�¸¹ ®�È ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬4¿�¯¼¬ ½ ʹ%¾�¹21 Ä ¹#¾�¹%½ ¹%Á ·�» ¹ 6Æ¡ÀL+Æ ¹%½=¾ ¹ ¾ ¸¹ 40¬'¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹ ¾ º�Æ�¸¹6¾ ·%ʹ �·�¬'¿�º¼» ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¿�¬'·6¯ ¹ �À�·&40¬ ½ º¼�Æ ¹ �Æ¡À ½ »=º¼¬ Á Å ¾�¹ ¯¼ % Á�¹ ¯/"TJ ½ º + ¹ ·��º ¾ ¸¹ »#" � ¬'·& �¬'·�» < J Ï - Ï�� ³�±FÂ�É < À Á ±F²6Â�� 1 É ¹ 6�À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ )¬ Á�¾ À�Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ ��À ½=¾ Ì�¬�=¸¹%¹ � Á ·¯/" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ » ¹ �¿�È�¬� ¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ P À�·�Æ ¹ �»#" À ½ » ¹ 6»�¬ ½ �» ¹ 40¬'Æ¡Æ ¹ �» ¹ P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ �Ì�º ¹%½ »�¸¹ ? ½ º ¹ G B)¬ ½ ¬'Æ¡À�·�º ¹%¾0- º5 ¹%½=<�,�.;? , ) Ï º�¿�C=º ½=< ,�./.>: ) B)¬ �¬ C�¬ ¾ Á=<�,�./.;<2HD1«�¬'·�·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ¬ Á Å�¬ Á�¾ · ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ < ¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿v¿�·�À=®�È ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾�¹%½=¾ ¿�¯ Á �º ¹%Á ·�
¬! �¬ ½=¾ ¬ 4 ¹ 1 ±�¯�¯ ¹ ��À ½=¾ »=À�Æ¡º ½ ¸¹%¹ �¿�¬'·�¯ ¹ ¹ O ¹%¾ �» ¹ �À Á ·�® ¹ �º ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ F�À ½=¾ �º ¾�Á ¸¹%¹ F Á ·6» ¹ ��º ¾�¹ F¬ Á·�À=®�È ¹ · 1 ±�¯�¯ ¹ �À ½=¾�¾ ·%ʹ � ¹%½ �º�Ì�¯ ¹ F¬ Á Å �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ ��¿�¬ ¾ º¼¬'¯ ¹ �» Á Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21 ±�¯�¯ ¹ �À ½=¾»=À ½ ®4¯ ¹ �¿�¯ Á #¬'¿�¿�·�À�¿�·�º%¸¹%¹ �¿�À Á ·�¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·)¯ ¹ )»�¸¹%¾ ¬'º�¯¼)» ¹ ¯¼¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹21 µ�¬ ½ )¯ ¹ ®%¬�»=· ¹ » ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹¾ È&ʹ ¹2< » ¹ ��À Á ·�® ¹ �·�¸¹%¹ ¯�¯ ¹ &À ½=¾ ¸¹%¾ ¸¹ ¸¹%¾�Á »=º%¸¹%¹ �ʬ�¿�¬'· ¾ º�·�» ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ F» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿#¿�·�À=®�È ¹ Á º5 �¬ ½=¾�¹ 62 º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ ¸¹ FÆ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ <2 »�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ K4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ <2 Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ F�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ P À�· ¾ 1
��������� ���*� � �7"�� �!��� ".'�*�$��)7�(���0���������� !�!�*�J ½�¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ ¸¹ Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹F¹ ¾�Á�½�¹ Æ ¹ Á · ¹ ¯�º%¸¹%¹ ʬ�¯¼¬ P À�·�® ¹ » Á ®�È�À=®�· ¹ � ¹%½=¾ º ¹%½�Á�½ ¿�À�º ½=¾
» ¹ ¯¼¬� Á · P ¬�® ¹21 ÉA" ¹ ¾ ¯¼¬4¿ ¹ ·�® ¹ ¿ ¾ º�À ½ È Á Æ�¬'º ½�¹ » ¹ 0 =º�Ì�·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ » ¹ 4�·�¸¹ »#" ¹%½ »=À�Æ¡Æ�¬ 4 ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾» ¹ # ¾ · Á ® ¾�Á · ¹ #À Á » ¹ ¯/" ¹%½ =º�·�À ½�½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾SG 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹¡¾�¹ ·�·�¬'º ½=< ®�À Á ¯%¸¹%¹ #» ¹ Ì�À Á�¹2< �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½» Á¡½ º5 ¹ ¬ Á » ¹ ½ ¬'¿�¿ ¹ �¬I% Á º P ʹ · ¹ FÀ Á » Á »�¸¹ Ì�º ¾ » ¹ ��À Á ·�® ¹ H % Á º��À ½=¾ ¯ ¹ F®�·�º ¾ ʹ · ¹ F» ¹ »�¸¹ ? ½ º ¾ º�À ½»#" º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ ¸¹6¹%½�Á�½ ¿�À�º ½=¾!1Ä)"�¸¹ ®�È ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ Ç Ï B G » ¹ Fº ½ º ¾ º¼¬'¯ ¹ F» ¹ ¹ �¬ Á�¾�¹%Á ·� <� v�� 0¢'�� =��¢����0¨��0� � �����������#�0��� ���) Ç ¹ ». ¹ » ¹
��������� < ,�.;=;82H ®�À�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾�¹ ,�0¡½ º5 ¹ ¬ Á Åh» ¹ ¿ Á º¼6¯¼¬� ¹ ®�À Á � ¹ ʬ¡¿ ¹ º ½�¹ ¿ ¹ ·�® ¹ ¿ ¾ º�Ì�¯ ¹ 9 Á &% Á "ä¬ Á ®�È�¬ ½ +4 ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¿�·�À P À ½ »v» Á ¿�¬!*��¬ 4 ¹21 É ¹ )»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �% Á ¬'¯�º ¾ ¬ ¾ º5 ¹ 6�À ½=¾)¹ � ¹%½=¾ º ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �¿�À Á ·�®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·¯ ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ #ʬ�¿�· ¹%½ »=· ¹�¹%½ ®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ ¿�À Á · ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬¡�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹#¹%½ Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹21 ±�¯�¯ ¹ ��À ½=¾ �À Á + ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ � ¹%Á ¯ ¹ #º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ #¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ ¬ ½=¾ »#"�¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·4» ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ #¬ ½ ®�º ¹%½ 1 ±�¯�¯ ¹ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾»#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¬'¿�¿�·�À'Å=º�Æ�¬ ¾ º5 ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ ¯ ¹ ¯�º ¹%Á » Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹2< �À ½ º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹�¹%¾ ¿�¬'· P À�º¼4» ¹ P ¬'º�· ¹ » ¹ È.*=¿�À ¾ È&ʹ ¹ A% Á ¬ ½=¾ ʬ�¯¼¬�¿�·�À P À ½ » ¹%Á ·�» ¹ ¯¼¬4�À Á ·�® ¹#¹%¾ ʬ�¯¼¬F4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21 Ä)" Á�¾ º�¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½» ¹ �®%¬'· ¾�¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ < ¿�À Á ·�®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½ »=· ¹ ¯¼¬#¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹%Á ·�»=º�Æ ¹%½ �º�À ½®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹2< ¹ ·�¬4¬'Ì�À�·�»�¸¹%¹ ¿�¯ Á ¹%½ »�¸¹%¾ ¬'º�¯¼�¬ Á ®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹.8.1
�������������� �!�!�"$#� �%�&('"�")%*��+�,�-��. ���#0/ 10%�2�3�453�6�3$7� �3�45��%. �#(8�")2:9;&)45")%�&)")2�8�"�#0/ <:%�45=�")��2$")3�#5"�>$")%;3���"�7� �3�45��%. �#.8�"#� @?�")&�A�")��&�A�"B9;&)45")%;3�4 CED;6�"
-���10%�&)�����.���� �3�")8?�")2�"� ���&�AF10%�2�3�453�6�3�45��%HGI���:9;")452�!���#5����JK���<:%�453�")8F9;3� �3�")2�L�")��#5����45&� �#.9;6���=�")J;M�7� �3�45��%. �#(N� ���3�A�D;6. �O�"�10%PGI����!Q �3�45��%B>$")%;3�")�R.��N� ���3�A�D;6. �O�"�?�")2�"� ���&�AF10%�2�3�453�6�3�"�M�<:%�45=�")��2�453�'"�8�"�S���O;J��.M�T; ��.��%
5 � ���)���� � ����� �!������� � �'� �S�����) �� �#����� � � �6�!���)#+ � 5 ���������� ���*�$���*�������*� � '�*� � '�*���� !�!�*�Ä�¬64�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º ¹�¹ ¾ ¯/"�¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P À�·�Æ ¹4¹%¾ » ¹ �»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ #» ¹ ¯¼¬h Á · P ¬�® ¹�¾�¹ ·�· ¹ ¾ · ¹21 Ä ¹
»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ � ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ F» Á �À�¯�¬�®!% Á º¼ ¹ �¿�·%ʹ F»#" Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ ·�¯¼¬6¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬>+¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬4�À Á ·�® ¹2< �¬F4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹6¹%¾ ¯¼¬�»=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·6¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21 ´ Á Å¡Æ ¹ Á · ¹ ¾ ·�¬�»=º ¾ º�À ½�½�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¹ O ¹ ® ¾�Á ¸¹%¹ F¬ Á �À�¯�ʬ)¯/"ä¬'º¼» ¹ »#" º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ G º ½ ®�¯�º ½ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹2<%¾ ·�º¼¬ ½ 4 Á ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¿�·�ÀL? ¯¼» ¹�½ º5 ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!< 4�·�¬! =º�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹K15151 H =º ¹%½�½�¹%½=¾ "ä¬ 9 À Á�¾�¹ ·�» ¹ ¿ Á º¼ Á�½�¹ »=º5M'¬'º ½�¹ »#"ä¬ ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �» ¹ &Æ ¹ Á · ¹ ¿�¬'·��¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹ G - « Ï <  ½=¾�¹ · P ¸¹ ·�À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ ·�¬�»�¬'· 15151 HD1
� � �5%)� � �� � � ���Ä ¹ *� ¾ ʹ Æ ¹- « Ï G - ¯�À�Ì�¬'¯�«�À0�º ¾ º�À ½ º ½ 4 Ï *� ¾�¹ Æ H ¬ ¸¹%¾ ¸¹ ®�À ½$N® Á ¿�¬'·�¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ¿�¬'· ¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬
»�¸¹8P ¹%½ ¹ ¬'Æ�¸¹ ·�º¼®%¬'º ½�¹21 Â@¯�¬h¸¹%¾ ¸¹ »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿�¸¹ ¬ Á »�¸¹ Ì Á�¾ » ¹ �¬ ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ,�.;?;A »�¬ ½ F¯ ¹ Ì Á�¾ » ¹ »�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½�¹ ··�¬'¿�º¼» ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹%¾ » ¹ Æ�¬ ½ º@ʹ · ¹ (Á · ¹2< ¯¼¬�¿�À0�º ¾ º�À ½ » ¹#½ " º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾�¹ % Á�¹ ¯&¿�À�º ½=¾ Á ·6¯¼¬ ¾�¹ ·�· ¹21 Ä�¬4¿�À0�º +¾ º�À ½ »#" Á�½�¹ ¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½!¹ ¾ »�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ ¸¹%¹�¹%½ Æ ¹ Á ·�¬ ½=¾ » ¹ 6»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹ �·�¸¹ ® ¹ ¿ ¾�¹%Á ·� + �¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹ 1 � Á ¬ ¾ · ¹�¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹ ��À ½=¾�Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹ �¿�À Á ·�»�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½�¹ · Á�½�¹ ¿�À0�º ¾ º�À ½=<�¾ ·�À�º¼�¿�À Á ·6¯ ¹ �®�À0À�·�»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6» Á �º ¾�¹�¹%¾Á�½ % Á ¬ ¾ ·�º@ʹ Æ ¹ ¿�À Á ·) * ½ ®�È�·�À ½ º¼ ¹ ·�¯/" È�À�·�¯�ÀI4 ¹ » Á ·�¸¹ ® ¹ ¿ ¾�¹%Á · ¹%¾ ® ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ » ¹ 6�¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹ 1 °�º ¹%½ % Á�¹ ¯ ¹Ì Á�¾ º ½ º ¾ º¼¬'¯�» Á�- « Ï �À�º ¾ ¯¼¬ ½ ¬! =º540¬ ¾ º�À ½ Á · ¾�¹ ·�· ¹2<�¹%½ Æ ¹ ·�À Á Ì�º ¹%½ »�¬ ½ 6¯ ¹ 6¬'º�·� < �À ½ ¹ Æ¡¿�¯�À�º¹%½ Æ¡À=» ¹ ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾ �À ½3Á�¾ º�¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½�¹%½ 4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º ¹21 Â@¯6 "ä¬ 4�º ¾ »#" Á�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹ ·��º�Æ Á ¯ ¾ ¬ ½ ¸¹ Æ ¹%½=¾¿�¯ Á �º ¹%Á ·�F·�¸¹ ® ¹ ¿ ¾�¹%Á ·� ? Å ¹ �¿�À Á · ¹ O ¹ ® ¾�Á�¹ · Á�½ ¿�À0�º ¾ º�À ½�½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º P ¹%¾ »�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½�¹ ·�¯ ¹ FÌ�¬� ¹ ¹%½=¾ · ¹ ®�È�¬I% Á�¹ �º ¾�¹21 à ½ ®�À ½ ¾ º ¾�Á�¹6Á�½ ·�¸¹ ¹ ¬ Á=< ®�À�Æ¡Æ ¹F¹%½ 4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º ¹�¾ ·�¬�»=º ¾ º�À ½�½�¹ ¯�¯ ¹21 Ä�¬)¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼�º�À ½» ¹ �·�¸¹ Á ¯ ¾ ¬ ¾ �»�¸¹ ¿ ¹%½ » ¹%½ 4�·�¬ ½ » ¹ ¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ 4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ » Á ·�¸¹ ¹ ¬ Á�¹%¾ » Á�¾ ·�¬'º ¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ Æ ¹ Á · ¹ 1
� ! � ��� � � �� ������ � #� � � �)�� ����� �� � ���#� � �'�'��� � � � �=� ���É ¹ �» ¹ · ½ º@ʹ · ¹ )¬ ½�½ ¸¹%¹ < ¯¼¬ 4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º ¹ ¬ �¸¹ ® Á 4�· (¬�® ¹ ʬ!¯¼¬ ¾ ¸¹ ¯%¸¹ »�¸¹%¾�¹ ® ¾ º�À ½ ·�¬�»�¬'· Á�½�¹ ¬! �¬ ½ ®�¸¹%¹
¾ ·%ʹ �º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾�¹21 ± ½h¹ O ¹%¾ º�¯=*h¬4Æ¡À�º ½ �» ¹ »=º�Å!¬ ½ < ¯/" Á�½ º'% Á�¹ Æ¡À * ¹%½ ¿�À Á ·)¯ ¹ 4�¸¹ À�¿�È.*��º¼®�º ¹%½ » ¹ Á ·& ¹ º�¯�¯ ¹ ·&¯ ¹ F»�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ &» ¹ ¯¼¬)®�·�À (Á�¾�¹�¾�¹ ·�· ¹ ¾ · ¹ ¸¹%¾ ¬'º ¾�¹%½ ®�À�· ¹ » ¹ ¹ · ¹%½ »=· ¹ Á ·F¯ ¹�¾�¹ ·�·�¬'º ½¿�À Á ·�®�À ½ ¾ ¬ ¾�¹ ·6¯/"�¸¹ 0À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �·�¸¹ ¹ ¬ Á Å 4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ �¬ Á ®�À Á ·��» Á!¾�¹ Æ¡¿� 1«�À Á ·#»�¸¹%¾�¹ ® ¾�¹ ·�» ¹ �»�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �¬! ¹ ® Á�½ ·�¬�»�¬'·� Á · Á�½ �¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹2< º�¯ P ¬ Á�¾ »=º¼�¿�À0 ¹ ·#»#" º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ¿�·�º¼ ¹ &¬'¿�¿�·�À'Å=º�Æ�¬ ¾ º5 ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » Á Æ (¹ Æ ¹&¹%½ »=·�À�º ¾!1 Ä ¹ &·�¬�»�¬'·�&º ½ ¾ ¬'¯�¯%¸¹ & Á ·�¯ ¹ &�¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹ ¹%Á ·�À�¿�¸¹%¹%½ ±F² Ï ¸¹ Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ �º�Æ¡¿ Á ¯¼�º�À ½ �» ¹ ¯�À ½ 4 Á�¹%Á ·�»#" À ½ » ¹���&<;= ¶ <;=>:�� G ®%¬ ½ ¬'¯�É 6 � �&< ¶ 8 � ���.HD1ÉFÈ�¬I% Á�¹ ¿�º�Å ¹ ¯�¬�®!% Á º¼6¯�À�·��»#" Á�½ ¿�¬���¬ 4 ¹ ¬ Á » ¹ � Á )»#" Á�½ �º ¾�¹ ®�À ½=¾ º ¹%½=¾ » ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ 6 Á ·¯/" º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ ¸¹�¹%¾ Á ·�¯¼¬�¿�È�¬� ¹ » Á �º54 ½ ¬'¯�· ¹%½ 0À *�¸¹ ¿�¬'·#¯¼¬! Á · P ¬�® ¹¡¾�¹ ·�· ¹ ¾ · ¹21 «�À Á ·4®�È�¬I% Á�¹ ¿�º�Å ¹ ¯» ¹ ®�À0À�·�»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ G������QH À ½ ¿ ¹%Á�¾#Á�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹ ·#¯¼¬ ½ À ¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ Å ¹��SG������QH ��� �SG������QH�������� ô ��� � � À�ÊÁ� �SG������QH��&¹ ¾ ¯/"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ » Á �º54 ½ ¬'¯ ¹%¾� AG������QH#¹ ¾ ¯¼¬ ¿�È�¬� ¹21 Ä)" º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ »#"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾»#"ä¬! 0À�º�· Á�½�¹�! ! =º¼�º�À ½#" " » ¹ ¯¼¬4·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¸¹%¹ »�¬ ½ 6¯ ¹ »=À�Æ�¬'º ½�¹ È.*=¿ ¹ · P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹21 µ�¬ ½ #® ¹ »=ÀL+Æ�¬'º ½�¹ » Á �¿ ¹ ® ¾ · ¹ ¸¹ ¯ ¹ ® ¾ ·�ÀL+ Æ�¬ 4 ½ ¸¹%¾ º'% Á�¹2< ¯ ¹ � =º�¯�¯ ¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ ¡ Á · P ¬�® ¹ 4Æ¡À ½=¾ ¬ 4 ½�¹%Á ¹ ¡�À ½=¾�¾ ·%ʹ
� � �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
·�¸¹ � ¸¹ ®�È�º¼��¬ ½=¾�¹ ¹%¾ ¬'¿�¿�¬'·�¬'º¼� ¹%½=¾ Ì�·�º�¯�¯¼¬ ½=¾�¹ <=¾ ¬ ½ »=º¼ % Á�¹ ¯ ¹ �»�¸¹ ¹ · ¾ 6» ¹ �¬'Ì�¯ ¹)¹%¾ ¯ ¹ � �¬'¯�¯%¸¹%¹ �¬'ÌQ+�À�·�Ì ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ �º54 ½ ¬'¯ ¹%¾ ¬'¿�¿�¬'·�¬'º¼� ¹%½=¾ �À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ 1 Ä ¹ �º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ F»#"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹�½ À Á 6»=À ½�½�¹%½=¾�Á�½�¹ º¼»�¸¹%¹ Á ·F¯ ¹ · ¹ ¯�º ¹8P ¹%¾ ¯¼¬ ½ ¬ ¾�Á · ¹ » Á �À�¯�Æ�¬'º¼ ½�¹�½ À Á F¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾�¹%½=¾ ¬ Á ® Á�½�¹ º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ % Á ¬ ½=¾ ʬ¯¼¬)»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ®�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21 Ä�¬�¿�È�¬� ¹SG AG������QH&HD< % Á ¬ ½=¾ ʬ ¹ ¯�¯ ¹2< »�¸¹ ¿ ¹%½ »!ʬ�¯¼¬ P À�º¼�» ¹ ¯¼¬�¯�À ½ 4 Á�¹%Á ·» Á ¿�¬'·�®�À Á ·��» Á �º54 ½ ¬'¯ <%¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ �¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹�¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �À�¯ <%¹%¾ » Á �¬ Á�¾ » ¹ ¿�È�¬� ¹ ®�À ½ =¸¹ ® Á�¾ º P ʬ�¯¼¬�·�¸¹ � ¹ Å=º�À ½» ¹ ¯/" À ½ » ¹ Á ·�¯¼¬� Á · P ¬�® ¹21 É ¹%¾�¾�¹ » ¹ · ½ º@ʹ · ¹ % Á ¬ ½=¾ º ¾ ¸¹ ¿ ¹%Á�¾ (¹%¾ · ¹ ¸¹ ¯�º�Æ¡º ½ ¸¹%¹I<'¹%½=¾ · ¹ » ¹%Á Å�º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ �» ÁÆ (¹ Æ ¹ �º ¾�¹2< �º&¯ ¹ �®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �»=º%¸¹ ¯ ¹ ® ¾ ·�º'% Á�¹ �» Á �À�¯&· ¹ ¾�¹%½=¾ ®�À ½ ¾ ¬ ½=¾�¹ ¹%¾ �º�¯/"�¸¹ ®%¬'· ¾�¹%½=¾ · ¹¯ ¹ F» ¹%Á Å�À�·�Ì�º ¾�¹ ��¬ ¾ º¼ P ¬'º ¾ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ F®�À ½ »=º ¾ º�À ½ F» ¹ ®�À�È�¸¹ · ¹%½ ® ¹21 Ä)" º ½=¾�¹ · P ¸¹ ·�ÀI4�·�¬'Æ¡Æ ¹ »=º O ¸¹ · ¹%½=¾ º ¹ ¯¹ ¾ À�Ì ¾�¹%½=Á ¿�¬'·��º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ �À Á ¾ ·�¬�® ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ » ¹%Á Å�º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ &» ¹ ¿�È�¬� ¹0G � AG������QH�� � G������QH � � G������QH&HD1Ä ¹ �®�À ½=¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ )À�·�Ì�º ¾ ¬'¯ ¹ ¹%¾#¾ À�¿�ÀI4�·�¬'¿�È�º'% Á�¹ ��À ½=¾�¹%½ Á º ¾�¹ ¸¹ ¯�º�Æ¡º ½ ¸¹%¹ A4�· (¬�® ¹ ¬ Á Å�»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ » ¹ ¿�À0�º ¾ º�À ½ À�·�Ì�º ¾ ¬'¯ ¹�¹%¾ ʬ Á�½ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹¡½=Á Æ�¸¹ ·�º'% Á�¹ » ¹!¾�¹ ·�·�¬'º ½=1 Ä ¹ P ·�¬ ½ 4 ¹ �·�¸¹ �º¼» Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ #�À ½=¾¬'¯�À�·� ¹ Å�®�¯ Á �º5 ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » Á�¹ �ʬ)¯¼¬#»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ » Á �À�¯ ¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ F» ¹%Á Å�¿�·�º¼ ¹ F» ¹ Á�¹21 ± ½·�¬'º¼�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯�¯ ¹ ·R+ · ¹%¾ À Á ·FÀ�¿�¸¹ ·�¸¹ ¿�¬'·�¯/" À ½ » ¹2<=Á�½�¹ P ·�¬ ½ 4 ¹ ®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ » ʬ Á�½ »�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ »�¬ ½ �¯¼¬»=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½ �À�¯ + �¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹ ¸¹ 40¬'¯ ¹ ʬ�¯¼¬4Æ¡À�º ¾ º%¸¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬¡¯�À ½ 4 Á�¹%Á ·#»#" À ½ » ¹ » Á ·�¬�»�¬'· < �À�º ¾�0;? �60;?;8��¿�À Á ·#¯ ¹ )�¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹ 6±F² Ï 1 à ½ ¿ ¹%Á�¾#¹%½ Á º ¾�¹ · ¹ Æ¡À ½=¾�¹ ·�¬ Á ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿ » ¹ »�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ »�¬ ½ )¯/"ä¬'Å ¹�À�¯ + �¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹ ¿ Á º¼&% Á " ¹ ¯�¯ ¹6¹ ¾ ¿�·�À�¿�À�· ¾ º�À ½�½�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ʬ#¯¼¬#¿�È�¬� ¹76
��� � � � :�� � �
0�� G 0.1 , HÄ�¬¡¿�È�¬� ¹ ¸¹%¾ ¬ ½=¾ »�¸¹ ? ½ º ¹ Æ¡À=» Á ¯�À 0� ® ¹%¾�¾�¹ À�¿�¸¹ ·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ % Á º�®�À ½ �º¼ ¾�¹ ʬ¡»�¸¹ ·�À Á ¯ ¹ ·6¯ ¹ P ·�¬ ½ 4 ¹ ¹ ¾¬�� ¹ M�»�¸¹ ¯�º¼®%¬ ¾�¹21 µ�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ )¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ )% Á�¹F½ À Á �¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ �»�¬ ½ �¯¼¬ ¾ ·�À�º¼�º@ʹ Æ ¹ ¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹�½ À Á ¹ Å ¾ ·�¬!*0À ½ » ¹ ¯/" º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹�Á�½#¹%½ ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ » ¹ ¿�À�º ½=¾ &¿�À Á ·�¯ ¹ &% Á�¹ ¯¼ ½ À Á &¿�À Á 0À ½ �®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ ·�¯ ¹F½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ » ¹ P ·�¬ ½ 4 ¹ ¯ ¹ �=¸¹ ¿�¬'·�¬ ½=¾ »#" Á�½�¹ ·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½ À�ÊÁ ¯/" À ½ �¬'º ¾ % Á�¹ ¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹ ¾�½=Á ¯ 1ÉFÀ ½=¾ ·�¬'º�· ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬ Á Å¡»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ - « Ï % Á º��À ½=¾ » ¹ FÆ ¹ Á · ¹ = ¹ ® ¾ À�·�º ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¹%½4Á�½ ¿�À�º ½=¾!< ¯/" º ½=¾�¹ ·R+
P ¸¹ ·�À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ ·�¬�»�¬'· ½ À Á 6»=À ½�½�¹)Á�½�¹ º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ » Á ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿¡» ¹ »�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ »�¬ ½ �¯/"ä¬'Å ¹ �À�¯ + �¬ ¾�¹ ¯�¯�º ¾�¹21Ä ¹ ¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯F»�¸¹8P ¬ Á�¾ » ¹ �Æ ¹ Á · ¹ 4�¸¹ À=»�¸¹ �º'% Á�¹ ¹ ¾ ¯¼¬¡Æ�¬ Á �¬'º¼ ¹ ·�¸¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ ¹%½h¾�¹ Æ¡¿� 1 Ä)" ¹ +¿�¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾)¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ #» ¹%Á ÅvÆ ¹ Á · ¹ ¹ ¾#¹%½�¹ O ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ ¿�¯ Á ��À Á ¹%½=¾ Ì�º ¹%½ Á ¿�¸¹ ·�º ¹%Á ·�ʬ!¯¼¬!» Á ·�¸¹%¹®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ »�¬ ½=¾ ʬ�¯¼¬�Æ¡º¼ ¹�¹%½ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ » Á ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿ » ¹ »�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á�¹ ʬ�¯¼¬�¿�È�¬� ¹ ®�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21Â@¯ ¹%½ ·�¸¹ Á ¯ ¾�¹ % Á�¹ ¯/" º ½=¾�¹ ·�¿�·�¸¹%¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ 6·�¸¹ Á ¯ ¾ ¬ ¾ 6»#" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½!¹%½!¾�¹ ·�Æ ¹ » ¹ »�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¬�® ¾ º5 ¹�¹ ¾�Á�½�¹ È.*=¿�À ¾ È&ʹ ¹ » ¹)¾ ·�¬! �¬'º�¯&¿�¬'· P À�º¼�»�¬ ½ 4 ¹ · ¹%Á ¹2< »�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ ®%¬�6» ¹ � Á ¬ 4 ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ + ¹%¾¿�À0 ¾ + �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21 É ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »�¬ ½=¾ ® ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ Fº ½ »=º¼®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ �¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ F Á ·�¯¼¬�4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹2< �¬#¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½¡¹%¾ ¯ ¹ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!1 É ¹ Fº ½ »=º¼®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ F¿ ¹%Á ¹%½=¾!<�¹%½ Á º ¾�¹2< (¹%¾ · ¹6Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹%¹ ¿�À Á ·�»�¸¹ ? ½ º�· Á�½ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ » ¹ »�¸¹ ¿�¬'· ¾ ¿�À Á ·6º ½ ¹ ·� ¹ ·�»#"ä¬ Á�¾ · ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ G 0À�º�·�¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹ Â�Â� HD1
������� � ���*�$�������0�1��� �7"��� �7��"��Ä ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ F» ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ P À�· ¾ �À ½=¾ » ¹ ¹%½ · ¹ 4�º¼ ¾ · ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¾�¹ Æ¡¿�À�· ¹ ¯¼�» Á Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » Á
�À�¯�¬�®!% Á º¼�¿�·%ʹ �» ¹ ¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¯�À�·�)»#" Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹21 É ¹ �Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ ��À ½=¾)¹%½ 4�¸¹%½ ¸¹ ·�¬'¯¹%½ · ¹ 4�º¼ ¾ ·�¸¹ �¿�¬'·�» ¹ F¬�®%®�¸¹ ¯%¸¹ ·�À�Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ &¬>? ½ »#"�¸¹ =º ¾�¹ ·�¯ ¹ �¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ �» ¹ �¬ ¾�Á ·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » (Á )ʬ�¯¼¬�¿�·�À'Å=º +
5 � ���)���� � ����� �!������� � �'� �S�����) �� �#����� � � �6�!���)#+ � � �
������� 0.1 , 2�� ��¼��� ¨��¡ =�4��� ¼�=�������¤©�����0§ ©���@��C�����0 0�0�6¨��0�)�%��������� ���� � � ����� ÷�%�0�v =�4��� �����������������@�0�=���¨�©����©��¨��0�#��� �0�� =���)�=�����¥���0���=� ¼�=�������¤©�����0§ ©���@����%���¡���0��������¨��0�� ��h�=�� 6©�@¨��÷�0����§4���=�) 0�0�0�4�÷�h ��������¼�0�¡�%����C�%��������� �����©���0����� ��4�÷��§�� ��=©�# =���÷�¡�÷�0���0�����=�� � �0�� =�# 0�����0 0�0� �
� 5 �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
Æ¡º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬#�À Á ·�® ¹21 ± ½�¹ O ¹%¾!< ¯/"ä¬�®%®�¸¹ ¯%¸¹ ·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á �À�¯ ½�¹ »�¸¹ ¿�¬���¬ ½=¾ % Á�¹)¾ ·%ʹ F·�¬'· ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯¼¬S �¬'¯ ¹%Á ·» ¹�,�� < ¯ ¹ )¬�®%®�¸¹ ¯%¸¹ ·�À�Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ �¿ ¹%Á ¹%½=¾ (¹%¾ · ¹ ·�¸¹ 4�¯%¸¹ �¿�À Á · ½�¹ ¿�¬�#�¬ ¾�Á · ¹ ·#Æ (¹ Æ ¹)¾ ·%ʹ �¿�·%ʹ #» ¹ ¯¼¬�À Á ·�® ¹21 «�¬'·�®�À ½=¾ · ¹2< »#"ä¬ Á�¾ · ¹ Fº ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ F�º¼�Æ¡À�¯�ÀI4�º'% Á�¹ �¿ ¹%Á ¹%½=¾ �¬ ¾�Á · ¹ ·�®%¬'·�¯ ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¿ ¹%Á�¾ »�¸¹ ¿�¬�� ¹ ·�¯ ¹ »=À�Æ�¬'º ½�¹ » ¹ �¬'·�º¼¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ ¸¹ ¿�·�¸¹ Á ¿�À Á ·�¯/" º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾!1 É ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹ <=¹%½ · ¹ 4�º¼ ¾ ·�¸¹%¹ �¿�·%ʹ 6» ¹ ¯¼¬4�À Á ·�® ¹2< ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ ®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½ »=· ¹#½ À ½ ¹%Á ¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ � ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ )» ¹ ¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹ Æ�¬'º¼� Á · ¾ À Á�¾ » ¹ »�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯¼¬�®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬4· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹2<®I" ¹ ¾ + ʬ>+ »=º�· ¹#¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·F¯/"�¸¹ 0À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·6¯ ¹ ¿�¯¼¬ ½ » ¹;P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¬ Á ®�À Á ·�6» Á!¾�¹ Æ¡¿� 1 à ½¿ ¹%Á�¾ �À�º ¾ P ¬'º�· ¹ ¯/" È.*=¿�À ¾ È&ʹ ¹2< »#"ä¬'¿�·%ʹ �» ¹ �¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ ¾ ¸¹ ¯%¸¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ #% Á�¹ ¯ ¹ Æ�¸¹ ®%¬ ½ º¼�Æ ¹�¹ ¾ ®�À ½ ¾ ¬ ½=¾ Á · ¾ À Á�¾�¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹1) À ½ ®�À ½ �º¼»�ʹ · ¹ ¬'¯�À�·�K% Á�¹ ¯¼¬#»=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹ ¾ ®�À ½�½=Á�¹�¹%¾ »�¬ ½ �® ¹®%¬� < ¹%Á ¯ ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�À0�¬ ½=¾�¹)¹ ¾ º ½ ¹ ·�=¸¹%¹21 Ï º�¬ Á ®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º�· ¹ À ½h½�¹ ®�À ½�½ ¬ (�¾ ¿�¬�6¯ ¹ Æ�¸¹ ®%¬ ½ º¼�Æ ¹À Á �º�À ½ " º ½=¾ ¸¹ · ¹ � ¹ ʬh�¬ �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½=< À ½ º ½ ¹ ·� ¹ ·�¬¡¯ ¹ 0 ®�À�Æ¡¿�À0�¬ ½=¾�¹ #» Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·�¯¼¬P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21
������� � # ��" ���*� � � �7�(��)1"������!�$�����&%�)������������� � ��� � ���) � ��� � #�)�=�#�) ��� � ���) �R� + �
� Á ¬ ½ »4¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¬ ¾�¾�¹ º ½=¾ ¯¼¬) Á · P ¬�® ¹2< º�¯ ¹ ¾ ¬'¯�À�·�F¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹ » ¹ Æ ¹ Á · ¹ ·�¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ®%¬'¯¼¬ 4 ¹6¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ » ¹%Á Å#¯@ʹ =· ¹ �» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21 É ¹ �À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ ·�¯¼¬04�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹¹%½ Á · P ¬�® ¹)¹%¾ » ¹ % Á ¬ ½=¾ º ? ¹ ·�¯/"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!1 É ¹ �Æ ¹ Á · ¹ ½�¹ �À ½=¾ ® ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »�¬ ½=¾ ¿�¬�»=º�· ¹ ® ¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹ Å ¾ ·�¬'¿�À�¯¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹ ¹%½ ¿�·�À P À ½ » ¹%Á · 1 Â@¯ P ¬ Á�¾ ¬ Á ��º�®%¬'· ¾ ÀI4�·�¬'¿�È�º ¹ · ¾ À Á�¾�¹ )¯ ¹ �· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ®%¬'· ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ F¿ ¹%Á ¹%½=¾ (¹%¾ · ¹ »=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á ¸¹%¹ � Á ·�¿�¯ Á �º ¹%Á ·� P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ 1Ä ¹ �· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ � Á ¿ ¹ ·R? ®�º ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �¿ ¹%Á ¹%½=¾ ®%¬ Á ¹ ·�» ¹ �»�¸¹ ®%¬'¯¼¬ 4 ¹ �»�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ �»�¸¹ ¿ (À ¾ �=¸¹ »=º�Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'º�· ¹
·�¸¹ ® ¹%½=¾ ¹%¾ »�¬ ¾ ¬'Ì�¯ ¹ �® ¹ % Á º0¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾ » ¹ P ¬'º�· ¹ » ¹ )¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ &» ¹ ¿�¬'¯%¸¹ À0�º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ 4�· (¬�® ¹ ʬ6» ¹ ¾ ·�¬ ½ ®�È�¸¹%¹ · ¹ ®�À Á ¿�¬ ½=¾ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21 É ¹ �Æ ¹ Á · ¹ �» ¹ ¿�¬'¯%¸¹ À0�º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ �À ½=¾ ¿�·�¸¹ ®�º ¹%Á ¹ 6®%¬'· ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹P ¬'º�· ¹ » ¹ ¡È.*=¿�À ¾ È&ʹ ¹ � Á ·!¯/"ä¬�® ¾ º5 =º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¡ Á · Á�½�¹ ¸¹ ®�È ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ » ¹ ¾�¹ Æ¡¿��Ì ¹ ¬ Á ®�À Á ¿+¿�¯ Á ¯�À ½ 4 Á�¹ % Á�¹ ® ¹ % Á�¹�½ À Á F¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ F®%¬ ¾ ¬'¯�ÀI4 Á�¹ F» ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹�¹%¾ È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹21Ä ¹ ¡»�¸¹ ®%¬'¯¼¬ 4 ¹ �À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¸¹ 4»�¬ ½ 4¯ ¹ ¾ ·�¬ ½ ®�È�¸¹%¹ �»=À�º5 ¹%½=¾ ® ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »�¬ ½=¾ (¹%¾ · ¹ º ½=¾�¹ ·�¿�·�¸¹%¾ ¸¹ �¬! ¹ ® Á�½�¹¾ ·%ʹ K4�·�¬ ½ » ¹ ¿�· Á » ¹%½ ® ¹2< ®%¬'·6® ¹ FÆ ¹ Á · ¹ ��À ½=¾ ¿�À ½ ® ¾�Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¹%¾ Á ¿ ¹ ·R? ®�º ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ F»=À ½ ®)»=º 7 ®�º�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾º ½=¾�¹ ·�¿�À�¯¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹ � Á · ¾ À Á�¾�¹)Á�½�¹;P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ »=À ½=¾ ¯ ¹ �»=º�Æ ¹%½ �º�À ½ F�À ½=¾!< » ¹ ¿�¯ Á < º ½ ®�À ½�½=Á�¹ �¬�¿�·�º�À�·�º 1
�K� ��� � � #� ���=�#� ���(� � ����� � � �'&�� � �Ä)" À�·�º54�º ½�¹)¹%½¡¾�¹ ·�Æ ¹ Æ�¸¹ ®%¬ ½ º'% Á�¹ » ¹ �·�¸¹ ¿�¯�º'% Á�¹ ¹ ¾ Æ�¬'¯�®�À�Æ¡¿�·�º¼ ¹21 ±�¯�¯ ¹ F¿�À Á ·�·�¬'º ¹%½=¾ ®�À�·�· ¹ +
¿�À ½ »=· ¹ ¬ Á ·�¸¹ ¬ 9 Á ¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ 6®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½=¾�¹ � Á ·�¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¹%½ ¬ ½=¾ » ¹ ·�À�Æ¡¿�· ¹21 ±�¯�¯ ¹ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾¬'º ½ �º�»#"ä¬! 0À�º�· Á�½�¹ º¼»�¸¹%¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ 4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹�¹%¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬�¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ Á ·#¯¼¬I% Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ " ¹ ¾¿�·�À=» Á º ¾ ¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹21 Ä�¬�®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬�»=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ » ¹ F·�¸¹ ¿�¯�º'% Á�¹ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾F½ À ¾ ¬'Æ¡Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹P ¬'º�· ¹ ¯¼¬h»=º¼�®�·�º�Æ¡º ½ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ #» ¹%Á Åv¿�¯¼¬ ½ ½ À=»�¬ Á Å3» Á Æ�¸¹ ®%¬ ½ º¼�Æ ¹G »�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ ¸¹ 4ʬ!¯/"ä¬'º¼» ¹» ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ¾ ¸¹ ¯%¸¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ < ¿�¬'· ¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹IHD1 ±�¯�¯ ¹ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·K4�·�À0��º@ʹ · ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ 6»=º +
5 �A�� � � �� � � �S�����)����� +2#� ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� � ���
Æ ¹%½ �º�À ½ #» Á ®�È�À=®�¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹%¾ » ¹ Á º5 =· ¹ ¯¼¬!Æ¡º54�·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬ �º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ ¯�À�·�4» ¹ =¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1
� � �S� ���)�)� �(� �Ä�À�·�&% Á�¹ ¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¹ ¿�·�À=» Á º ¾F¹%½ Æ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ �»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ �» Á P À ½ »�Æ�¬'·�º ½ »=À ½�½�¹%½=¾�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹
ʬ Á�½�¹ À ½ » ¹ ʬ�¯¼¬6 Á · P ¬�® ¹ » ¹ ¯/" ¹ ¬ Á ®%¬ Á �¬ ½=¾ ʬ��À ½ ¬'·�·�º5 �¸¹%¹ Á ·�¯ ¹ �® (À ¾�¹ < » ¹ &·�¬ M8+ » ¹ + Æ�¬'·�¸¹%¹ ®�À ½�½=Á �À Á �¯ ¹6½ À�Æ » ¹�¾ Á�½ ¬'Æ¡º�� 1 Ä ¹ �À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ �®�À ½ ® ¹ · ½ ¬ ½=¾ ® ¹ F·�¬ M8+ » ¹ + Æ�¬'·�¸¹%¹ �À ½=¾ »=º 7 ®�º�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾Á�¾ º�¯�º¼�¬'Ì�¯ ¹ �¿�À Á ·�¬! 0À�º�·�» ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ � Á ·6¯¼¬4�À Á ·�® ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹FG Çh¬ ���6����� <�,�././.") Ï ¬ ¾ ¬ C ¹#¹%¾Í�¬ ½ º�ÀIC�¬ < ,�././.")K-6¹ º¼ ¾)¹%¾ µ6Æ¡À�6 C�¬ < ,�././.2HD1 ± ½ · ¹ �¬ ½ ®�È ¹ º�¯ ¹ ¾ º ½ »=º¼�¿ ¹%½ �¬'Ì�¯ ¹ » ¹ ®�À ½�½ ¬ (�¾ · ¹¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼=¸¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ �®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �» ¹ ¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹ ¿�À Á ·�Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ¯�º¼ ¹ · Á�½�¾ Á�½ ¬'Æ¡º 1
�� ��� �1�$� ���� � � � � �������� � � ���� � ��� �������� � ������� ���� �
Ä ¹ ¾ · ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ �» ¹�¾�¹ ·�· ¹ �À ½=¾ » (Á �ʬ�» ¹ �º ½ ¾ ¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ ¸¹ P ·�º¼® ¾ º�À ½�½�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ < »�¬ ½ �¯¼¬6¯�º ¾ È�À0�¿�È&ʹ · ¹2<¯�º%¸¹%¹ F¬ Á Å¡®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½=¾�¹ �®�·�¸¹ ¸¹%¹ �¿�¬'·�¯ ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ » ¹ �¿�¯¼¬I% Á�¹ ¾�¹ ® ¾ À ½ º'% Á�¹ �� 1 É ¹ FÆ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼=¸¹ � Á ·�¯ ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ < ¬ Á Å P ·�À ½=¾ º@ʹ · ¹ F» ¹ F¿�¯¼¬I% Á�¹ <0½�¹ �À ½=¾ ¿�¬��·�¸¹ 4 Á ¯�º ¹ ·� 1 Ä ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ �· ¹ ¾�¹%½=¾Ì�¯�À.% Á ¸¹%¹ �¿ ¹%½ »�¬ ½=¾ » ¹ ¯�À ½ 4 Á�¹ 6¿�¸¹ ·�º�À=» ¹ <�¾ ¬ ½ »=º¼0% Á�¹ ¯ ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ �¿�¯¼¬I% Á�¹ � ¹ ¿�À Á ·� Á º ¾�¬ ½ #»=º¼�®�À ½=¾ º ½=Á�¹ · < » ¹ ¿�¬'· ¾)¹%¾ »#"ä¬ Á�¾ · ¹21 Ä�À�·�#»#" Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹2< ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ®�ʹ » ¹ �À Á »�¬'º ½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ʬ¡¯¼¬ 0À�¯�À ½=¾ ¸¹¡¾�¹%½ ¬�® ¹2< ¯ ¹%½=¾�¹4¹%¾ ®�À ½=¾ º ½=Á�¹ » ¹ �®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½=¾�¹ ¾�¹ ® ¾ À ½ º'% Á�¹ 1 É ¹%¾�¾�¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ¹ ¿�·�À�¿�¬ 4 ¹¬! ¹ ® Á�½�¹ =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » ¹ ¿�¯ Á �º ¹%Á ·�AC=º�¯�À�Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ �¿�¬'·# ¹ ®�À ½ » ¹�¹%¾ P ¬'º ¾ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ · ¹%½ % Á�¹ ¯'% Á�¹ � ¹ ®�À ½ » ¹ ¯ ¹ ¡» ¹%Á Å ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'· ¾ º�Æ ¹%½=¾ �» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¯/" Á�½ ¿�¬'·�·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ʬv¯/"ä¬ Á�¾ · ¹21 ³6À Á ¡¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ À ½ �»�¬ ½ ¯ ¹ 6¿�¬'·�¬ 4�·�¬'¿�È ¹ F% Á ºF Á º5 ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ 6¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ A4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º'% Á�¹ ¹%¾ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ ¬ ½=¾ » ¹»�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹)¹%¾ ¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ Á ·�® ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ + ®�º 1 ³6À Á ½ À Á �¬ ¾�¾ ¬�®�È�À ½ �»�¬ ½ ¯ ¹ �®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ � Á º5 �¬ ½=¾ ¡Ê¬�®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½ »=· ¹ ® ¹ �¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ ¹%¾ ʬ�»=º¼�® Á�¾�¹ ·)¯ ¹%Á ·�·�¸¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ ʬ¡¯/"ä¬'º¼» ¹» ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿¡¿�·�À=®�È ¹ ¬�®!% Á º¼ ¹ �¯�À�·��» ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ F·�¸¹ ® ¹%½=¾ 1
������� 2 � �*���(����-!"������ ��� %�) � '�*��� '��" ����� ����%�) )7��%�%��Ä�À�·�&% Á�¹ ¯/" À ½ ¹%Á�¾ »�¸¹ ? ½ º�·)¯ ¹ ¿�·�À=® ¹ � Á �» ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ »#" Á�½�¹ �À Á ·�® ¹ ¸¹%¾�¹%½ » Á�¹2< À ½ P ¬'º ¾ ¯/"ä¬'¿Q+
¿�·�À'Å=º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ % Á�¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ »�ʬ Á�½ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á · Á�½�¹ Á · P ¬�® ¹ % Á�¹ ¯/" À ½ ¬���º�Æ¡º�¯ ¹¹%½ 4�¸¹%½ ¸¹ ·�¬'¯6ʬ Á�½ ¿�¯¼¬ ½ À Á ʬ Á�½�¹ =¸¹ ·�º ¹ » ¹ ¿�¯¼¬ ½ 1 «�À Á ·#»�¸¹ ? ½ º�·�¯¼¬�4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹#¹%¾ ¯¼¬»=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·6® ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ + ®�º < À ½�Á�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹.8 ¬ ½ 4�¯ ¹ G Ë�º54 Á · ¹�0.1 02H�62 ¯/"ä¬ M%º�Æ Á�¾ È��6» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹2<# A<&¹ ¾ ¯¼¬�»=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½=< »�¬ ½ )¯ ¹ ¿�¯¼¬ ½ È�À�·�º5M%À ½=¾ ¬'¯ < » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¿�¬'··�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ¬ Á ³6À�·�» G ¿�À0�º ¾ º P ¹ ·�F¯/"ä±F ¾ HD1 �� A���� 8;=;A��� 1
���� 53�2�6�%. �!�4�� ��")2�3:#5"�%���!�� ��.��%�%. �452$8���%�%�'"�� @&)")2:�� ���� 8�"�� !Q ���'")"�8��6�2: �6���2�'")452�!�")2����� @#0/ "��;&)")��3�45��%Q8�"�2�'")452�!�")2��. ���3�45&)6�#545")��2�#54�'")2�M��. ��$"��;")!���#5"�M� �6���=���#5&� �%�2$��6�� @#0/ �&)3�45=;453�'"�A;6�!Q �45%�"���� 52�3���45O�"�� �(")%F �%���#� �452
� � �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
2 ¯ ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »�¬ 4 ¹�� » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹2<��.<�¹ ¾ ¯/"ä¬ ½ 4�¯ ¹ » Á ¿�¯¼¬ ½ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¿�¬'·)·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ʬ¡¯/" È�À�·�º5M%À ½=¾ ¬'¯ 1� Á ¬ ½ »4À ½ · ¹ 40¬'·�» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ »�¬ ½ F¯¼¬)»=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½ » ¹� ® ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ + ®�º=¿ ¹%½ »!ʬ#»=·�À�º ¾�¹21���� A����6.;A����/1
2 ¯¼¬�»=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾��D< �#<%¹ ¾ ¯/"ä¬ ½ 4�¯ ¹2< Æ ¹ Á ·�¸¹ »�¬ ½ &¯ ¹ ¿�¯¼¬ ½ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹2< » ¹ ¯¼¬�»=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½» Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¿�¬'·�·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ʬ)¯¼¬�»=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬ M%º�Æ Á�¾ È�» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21 � ��� �(, ?;A�� ��, ?;A����/1
foot
wall bl
ock
δ
Φ
λ
North
Downdip direction
Strike direction
Slip direction
������� 0.1 0 2� ©�� � ��¼�0�v =���÷� �6©���0§ ©���@��C�4 0�¡¨��÷�0�v =� �¥� ������¡ � ��¨�� ���� �B� 6����� ¼� � �0�� '���������=��� �� �0�0�!�����4���0��§6¨������ ��F��� � � ��� � �=�3� � ��¢%�0�=� � ��§4���=�¡�0¢'���h�=���!���0§6¨��'�%�0�=���!���� 6©���%���'� � ��§4���=��F©���������@��� �Ä�¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¬'º ½ �º�»�¸¹ ? ½ º ¹ =¸¹ ¿�¬'· ¹ » ¹%Á Å Ì�¯�À=®% 6 ¯ ¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'· ¾ º�Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ¿�¸¹ ·�º ¹%Á · ���)¹%¾ ¯ ¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'·R+
¾ º�Æ ¹%½=¾ º ½QP ¸¹ ·�º ¹%Á · �)� 1 ± ½ Á º5 �¬ ½=¾ ¯¼¬v®�À ½ ¹%½=¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ´AC=º ¹%¾ ²�º¼®�È�¬'·�»� G-,�.;?;A2HD< � ®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ »Ê¬h¯¼¬ »=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » Á ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'· ¾ º�Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ¿�¸¹ ·�º ¹%Á ·�¿�¬'·4·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ¬ Á ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'· ¾ º�Æ ¹%½=¾º ½QP ¸¹ ·�º ¹%Á · 1
����&A � ���� .;A � � � ��� A�����, ?;A��� P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ º ½ ¹ ·� ¹ À Á ®�È ¹ �¬ Á ®�È ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾� ��� ��, ?;A�� � A��� P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹�½ À�·�Æ�¬'¯ ¹ G 0.1 02H
,��� 8�45� � �.")% �%���#� �452+��� �� �O�"�� �(")%F �%���#� �452�� ��� A. �%���45%��"!� �#5#�#�#5�;&�O � �.")%F �%���#� �452������ GI�;��3$!� �#5#�#�#5�;&�O � �.")%F �%���#� �452
5 �A�� � � �� � � �S�����)����� +2#� ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� � �
����&A � � � ��� �(.;A����6.;A��� ®�À�Æ¡¿�À0�¬ ½=¾�¹)¹%½ »�¸¹ ®�·�À=®�È ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¹%½�¹ ¾ · ¹� ��� ��, ?;A�� � ��.;A����� � .;A�����, ?;A���� ®�À�Æ¡¿�À0�¬ ½=¾�¹)¹%½ »�¸¹ ®�·�À=®�È ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ Å ¾ · ¹
G 0.1982H
��������� � )����!� "�� ���«�À Á · % Á ¬ ½=¾ º ? ¹ ·F¯¼¬ ¾ ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ »#" Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ À ½�Á�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹ ¯¼¬)Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ % Á º ¹ ¾ ¿�·�À�¿�À�· ¾ º�À ½�½�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¬ Á
¯�ÀI40¬'·�º ¾ È�Æ ¹ » ¹ ¯/"�¸¹%½�¹ ·&4�º ¹ ¯�º�Ì�¸¹ ·�¸¹%¹ �À Á P À�·�Æ ¹ »#" À ½ » ¹ h¸¹ ¯¼¬� ¾ º'% Á�¹ 1 Ä�¬�Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ » ¹ Æ¡À�Æ ¹%½=¾»�¸¹ ? ½ º ¹ ¿�¬'· � ¬ ½ C� ¹%¾ B)¬ ½ ¬'Æ¡À�·�º G-,�.21#.2H ¬#¿�À Á · ¹ Å=¿�· ¹ ��º�À ½.6
��� � 0 8 ¯�ÀI4�� � � = ¶ A;= G 0.1 :.HÀ�ÊÁ � � ¹ ¾ ¯ ¹ Æ¡À�Æ ¹%½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹6¹%½���.¹%¾ ¿ ¹%Á�¾ "�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ �À Á �¯¼¬ P À�·�Æ ¹76
� � � ����� G 0.19<2H»�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ ®%¬��»#" Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¹ ¿�·�À=» Á º¼�¬ ½=¾ »�¬ ½ Á�½ Æ¡º�¯�º ¹%Á »=À ½=¾ ¯¼¬4Æ¡À=» Á ¯ ¹ » ¹ ®�º¼�¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾
¹ ¾� Á · Á�½�¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ » ¹ Á · P ¬�® ¹� ¬! ¹ ® Á�½ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Æ¡À * ¹%½ ����=1��������� � � � '�*%�����)1"������ �.� � '� �0�*%��0-�-�1��� �7"�����%�)��(�!-!"����������������� !�!�Â@¯ ¹ Å=º¼ ¾�¹ » ¹%Á Å!¬'¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹ �¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ �¿�À Á ·h¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·�¯/" È�º¼ ¾ À�º�· ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬#· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹76 ¯¼¬
�º�Æ Á ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ ».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹�¹%¾ ¯¼¬�» ¹ �®�·�º�¿ ¾ º�À ½ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹21Ä�¬¡Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹2< ®�À ½ �º¼ ¾�¹ ʬ��º�Æ Á ¯ ¹ ·�¯¼¬4¿�·�À�¿�¬ 40¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ʬ¡¿�¬'· ¾ º�·
» ¹ ®�À ½ »=º ¾ º�À ½ #º ½ º ¾ º¼¬'¯ ¹ ¹%¾ » ¹ ¯�À�º¼#¿�È.*��º'% Á�¹ 1 Ä ¹ 4®�À ½ »=º ¾ º�À ½ #º ½ º ¾ º¼¬'¯ ¹ < ¯ ¹ �®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½=¾�¹ )¿�¬'·¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ �À ½=¾ Á ¿�¿�À0=¸¹%¹ (¹%¾ · ¹ ®�À ½�½=Á�¹ �¬�¿�·�º�À�·�º 1 Ä ¹ F®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹2< ¿�¬'· ¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹¯ ¹ �¯�À�º¼F» ¹ P ·�À ¾�¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!< �À ½=¾�¹%½ 4�¸¹%½ ¸¹ ·�¬'¯�Ì�¬�=¸¹%¹ F Á ·�» ¹ ¹ Å=¿�¸¹ ·�º�Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ �» ¹ ¯¼¬'Ì�À�·�¬ ¾ À�º�· ¹21 É ¹ ¸¹%¾�Á » ¹ &».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �À ½=¾ ¸¹%¾ ¸¹ º ½ º ¾ º%¸¹%¹ �¿�¬'·$B�À0 ¾ ·�À G-,�.;=;=2H ¿ Á º¼&»�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿�¸¹%¹ �¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¿�¬'·Çh¬�»�¬'·�º¼¬ 40¬ G-,�.21>=2H�¹%¾ µ�¬� ¹%¾ ´AC=º G-,�.21/1IHD1 ´�® ¾�Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ ¯ ¹ �Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ �».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹ &¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾»#"�¸¹%¾�Á »=º ¹ ·�¯/" º ½� Á�¹%½ ® ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬�¯�À�º&» ¹ P ·�º¼® ¾ º�À ½ Á ·�¯ ¹ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ G Ë�¬! =· ¹ ¬ Á ��������� <�,�././. ¬ HD< ¯¼¬�¿�È�¬� ¹»#" º ½ º ¾ º ¾ º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½FG Ë�¬! =· ¹ ¬ Á����&����� <2,�././. Ì HD< ¯/"ä¬'·�· (¹%¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹AG ÉFÀ=®�È�¬'·�» ¹%¾ Çh¬�»�¬'·�º¼¬ 40¬ < ,�./.>:.H À Á¹%½ ®�À�· ¹ ¯ ¹ �º ½=¾�¹ ·�¬�® ¾ º�À ½ ¹%½=¾ · ¹:P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ G E À�º¼�º ½h��������� < 0;A;A;A2HD1 É ¹ �Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ �».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹ &· ¹ ¿�À0 ¹%½=¾ Á ·)» ¹ �®�À ½ »=º ¾ º�À ½ �º ½ º ¾ º¼¬'¯ ¹ 6»=À ½=¾�½ À Á �¬! 0À ½ Á�½�¹ ®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½ ® ¹4¾ ·%ʹ �¯�º�Æ¡º ¾ ¸¹%¹21 Â@¯ ¹ ¾6¹%½h¹ O ¹%¾»=º 7 ®�º�¯ ¹ » ¹ ®�À ½�½ ¬ (�¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ �®�À ½=¾ ·�¬'º ½=¾�¹ �º ½ º ¾ º¼¬'¯ ¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �¿�·�À�¿�·�º%¸¹%¾ ¸¹ 6» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹)¹%½ ®�È�¬I% Á�¹ ¿�À�º ½=¾¬! �¬ ½=¾ ¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹21 É ¹%¾�¾�¹ ¬'¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹ » ¹ =·�¬'º ¾!< »�¬ ½ Á�½ P Á�¾�Á ·)¿�·�À=®�È ¹2< ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ · ¹ » ¹ �º�Æ Á ¯ ¹ ·6» ¹Æ�¬ ½ º@ʹ · ¹ �¬ ¾ º¼ P ¬'º¼�¬ ½=¾�¹ » ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �·�¸¹%¹ ¯¼ 1 ´ Á P Á · ¹%¾ ʬ¡Æ ¹ Á · ¹ » ¹ ¯ ¹%Á ·)¬! �¬ ½ ®�¸¹%¹2< ¯ ¹ 6Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ ».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹ P À Á · ½ º¼� ¹%½=¾ » ¹ �¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼�º�À ½ � Á ·)¯ ¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Æ�¬�®�·�À0�®�À�¿�º'% Á�¹ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¹%¾¾ º ¹%½�½�¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¿�¯ Á ¹%½ ¿�¯ Á 6®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ » ¹ ¯/" È�¸¹%¾ ¸¹ ·�ÀI4�¸¹%½ ¸¹ º ¾ ¸¹ ¿�·�¸¹%¹ Å=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½=¾�¹FG Ã6¯¼ ¹%½���������� <�,�./.21IHD1Ä�¬�Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹2< · ¹ =º ¹%½=¾ ʬ)»�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯¼¬6· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹�¹%¾ �À ½ ¸¹ 0À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ ʬ�¯/"ä¬'º¼» ¹ »#" Á�½
½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ ·�¸¹ » Á º ¾ » ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ G 4�¸¹ À�Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹#¹%¾ È�º¼ ¾ À�º�· ¹ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹%½ ®�È�¬I% Á�¹
� � �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
¿�À�º ½=¾ » ¹ »=º¼�®�·�¸¹%¾ º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹IHD1 ÉFÀ ½=¾ ·�¬'º�· ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ʬ)¯/"ä¬'¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹ ».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹2< ¯¼¬#» ¹ �®�·�º�¿ ¾ º�À ½®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹�½�¹ · ¹ ¿�À0 ¹ ¿�¬�� Á ·6» ¹ �¯�À�º¼�¿�È.*��º'% Á�¹ < �º�® ¹�½ " ¹ ¾ ¯ ¹ »=À�Æ�¬'º ½�¹ » ¹ �¬'·�º¼¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ % Á º�»=À�º ¾ (¹%¾ · ¹ ·�¸¹ ¬'¯�º¼ ¾�¹21 Ä)"ä¬'¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾�¹ ¯/"ä¬! �¬ ½=¾ ¬ 4 ¹ » ¹ »�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹2<¯ ¹ ¿�·�À=® ¹ � Á 6» ¹ Æ�¬ ½ º@ʹ · ¹ �º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹2< ¬! ¹ ® Á�½�½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ ¯�º�Æ¡º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ ¹%¾ �¬ ½ 6È.*=¿�À ¾ È&ʹ ¹ ¾ ·�À�¿ P À�· ¾�¹ #¬¡¿�·�º�À�·�º 1 Ä ¹ #» ¹%Á Åh¬'¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹ #�À ½=¾ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¯%¸¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ ¬'º�· ¹ 1 ± ½ ¹ O ¹%¾!< ¯ ¹ �Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ 6®�º +½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹ 6¿�À Á ·4»�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯¼¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ » ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �Ì�º ¹%½ º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¸¹ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹P ¬'º�· ¹ » ¹ �È.*=¿�À ¾ È&ʹ ¹ % Á ¬ ½=¾ ¬ Á »�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹SG � Á º ½=<�,�./.;A") Ç!º5*=¬>+¾ ¬ C ¹2< ,�././0") Ë Á C Á *=¬'Æ�¬ ¹%¾ Ç!º5C Á Æ¡À <2,�./.;8") °�À Á ®�È�À ½=< ,�./.21 ) °�À Á ®�È�À ½h��������� < ,�./.;?2HD1 µS" Á�½ ¬ Á�¾ · ¹® (À ¾ ¸¹ ¯ ¹ FÆ¡À=» ¹ �» ¹ ¿�·�À�¿�¬ 40¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¿�·�¸¹ Á �¿�¬'·�¯¼¬#».* ½ ¬'Æ¡º'% Á�¹SG P ·�¬�® ¾�Á · ¹2< »=º¼�¯�À=®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ 15151 H »=À�º5 ¹%½=¾P ¬'º�· ¹ ¸¹ 0À�¯ Á�¹ ·�¯¼¬#¿�¬'·�¬'Æ�¸¹%¾ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ �®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ G ÉFÀ ¾�¾ À ½h¹%¾ É�¬'Æ¡¿�º�¯�¯�À < ,�./.>:.HD1ÉA" ¹ ¾ ¯¼¬¡» ¹ �®�·�º�¿ ¾ º�À ½ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ % Á�¹�½ À Á Á�¾ º�¯�º¼�À ½ 6¿�À Á · ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·6» ¹ 6¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ ¾�¹ ¯¼
% Á�¹762 ¯¼¬ ¾ ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬SM%À ½�¹ » ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹2<2 ¯/"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾F¹%¾ �¬4»=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ Á ·6¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹2<2 ¯¼¬S =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬#· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹)¹%¾ ¹ K �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ <2 ¯¼¬�» Á ·�¸¹%¹ ¯�À=®%¬'¯ ¹ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!1
������� � � � ��� ����*%�� ��� � '�1��)1"��� !�!����� ��-�%��ÉFÀ ½ �º¼»�¸¹ ·�À ½ Á�½ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ » ¹ �À Á ·�® ¹ ¸¹%¾�¹%½ » Á�¹6¾ ·%ʹ F�º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ ®�À ½�½=Á �À Á F¯ ¹6½ À�Æ�» ¹ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ » ¹
� ¬� C ¹ ¯�¯ G Ë�º54 Á · ¹ 0.1982HD1 Ä�¬�· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹)¹ ¾ »�¸¹ ®�·�º ¾�¹�Á�½ º'% Á�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¿�¬'· :4¾ *=¿ ¹ �» ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ 62 ¯¼¬#¯�À ½ 4 Á�¹%Á ·�� ¹%¾ ¯¼¬#¯¼¬'·&4 ¹%Á ·��R» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹2<2 ¯ ¹ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ? ½ ¬'¯�È�À�Æ¡ÀI4�ʹ%½�¹�� � <2 ¯¼¬S =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » Á P ·�À ½=¾ » ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹���<2 ¯¼¬�» Á ·�¸¹%¹ ¯�À=®%¬'¯ ¹ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾��
���1
Ë�¬'º¼�À ½ �¯/" È.*=¿�À ¾ È&ʹ ¹ % Á�¹ ¯ ¹ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾6¹ ¾ �º�Æ Á ¯ ¾ ¬ ½ ¸¹ Á · ¾ À Á�¾�¹ ¯¼¬¡¯¼¬'·&4 ¹%Á ·)» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹G � H¹%¾ ¹ ¿�·�À�¿�¬ 4 ¹ ʬ�¯¼¬S =º ¾�¹ � ¹�� 9 Á &% Á "¼Ê¬ � � � 1 Ä�¬ P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ �À Á ·�® ¹)¹%½ »�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ "�¸¹ ®�·�º ¾�6�G � � �DH�� � � ��� ��� �
��� G 0.19=2HÀ�ÊÁ �h¹ ¾ ¯¼¬ P À�·�Æ ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ �À Á ·�® ¹21 «�· ¹%½ À ½ �¯ ¹ ®%¬��» ¹ ¯¼¬ P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ ·�¬'Æ¡¿ ¹76
�)G��DH������� ���A �º ���&A ���� � �º A�� ��� � �, �º ��� � ¶ G 0.1 1IH
��-���3�")!���2$8�"�!���%;3�'")"��� 5��452�"�3�45!�"�� ��")%F �%���#� �452��
5 �A�� � � �� � � �S�����)����� +2#� ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� � � �
À�ÊÁ Í ¹ ¾ ¯ ¹)¾�¹ Æ¡¿��» ¹ Æ¡À ½=¾ ¸¹%¹21x
z
y
Fonction source en déplacement
Plan de faille
L
W
VR
D0
D
T t0
Front de rupture
������� 0.198 2 �' ������# =���)�'���0�����0ª����4���%¨��@�=���6�'��¨�����¨�� �=���0¢'���#�÷��¢ ��������'� �3�%�=���=��� �¥� ������# =��÷�0� �=���=��� ���� =�)�÷�0���0�����=�����'���÷�0�h�÷�¡ ¼�������¼�0� � �Ä ¹ ·�¬!*0À ½�½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹%½ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿!¯�À�º ½=¾ ¬'º ½=< » ¹ ®�È�¬I% Á�¹ ¿�À�º ½=¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¿ ¹%Á�¾ "�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ �À Á )¯¼¬
P À�·�Æ ¹76 � � � � � ���� � �� G 0.19?2HÀ�ÊÁ � � �� ¹%¾ � � � �À ½=¾ · ¹ �¿ ¹ ® ¾ º5 ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ ¾�¹ ·�Æ ¹ �» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿�¯�À�º ½=¾ ¬'º ½ ¿�À Á ·)¯ ¹ �À ½ » ¹ �� ¹%¾
v¹%¾ ¿ ¹%Á ¹%½=¾ " ¹ Å=¿�·�º�Æ ¹ ·��À Á �¯¼¬ P À�·�Æ ¹FG Ä�¬!* ¹%¾�� ¬'¯�¯¼¬�® ¹2< ,�./.;<.< ±�% Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ ?.19=;<2H�6� ���� � ,
: �� �� ,� � �� ��� �� ��� � � � ���� G 0.1 .2H
� � � � ,: �� �� ,� � � ��� �� ��� � � � �� � G 0.1 , A2H
À�ÊÁ�� ¹ ¾ ¯¼¬S =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » ¹ �À ½ » ¹ �� <�� ® ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ » ¹ �À ½ » ¹ Ï < · ¹ ¾ ¯¼¬�»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹ » Á ¿�À�º ½=¾ �À Á ·�® ¹2<� �� ��� ¹%¾ � � ��� �À ½=¾ ¯ ¹ ¾�¹ ·�Æ ¹ #» ¹ ·�¬�»=º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ #À ½ » ¹ �� ¹%¾ · ¹ �¿ ¹ ® ¾ º5 ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾!< �� ��� ¹ ¾ ¯¼¬»�¸¹ ·�º5 �¸¹%¹ » Á Æ¡À�Æ ¹%½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¿�¬'·6·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ¬ Á�¾�¹ Æ¡¿� 1µ�¬ ½ #¯ ¹ ®%¬�#» ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¿�¿�·�À'Å=º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿h¯�À�º ½=¾ ¬'º ½=< ¯ ¹ »=º¼¬ 4�·�¬'Æ¡Æ ¹ » ¹ ·�¬�»=º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½v¹ ¾ ¯ ¹
Æ (¹ Æ ¹ ¿�À Á · ¾ À Á 6¯ ¹ �¿�À�º ½=¾ 6» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21 Ä ¹ »�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » (Á ʬ4®�È�¬I% Á�¹ ¸¹ ¯%¸¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¯�À ½ 4 Á�¹%Á ·��� ¬�¯¼¬ P À�·�Æ ¹ Á º5 �¬ ½=¾�¹76� ���� � � � ,
: �� �� ,� � ������ � ��� � � �� � ��� �2G � H� � �� � G 0.1 ,/, H� � �� � � ,
: �� �� ,� � �!��#" � ��� � � �� � ��� �2G � H� � �� � G 0.1 ,�02HÀ�ÊÁ �¹ ¾ ¯ ¹ Æ¡À=» Á ¯ ¹ » ¹ ®�º¼�¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾!<�¹%¾ ���¹ ¾ ¯¼¬)»�¸¹ ·�º5 �¸¹%¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ �À Á ·�® ¹ ¿�¬'·F·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾
¬ Á!¾�¹ Æ¡¿� 1
� � �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
Ä�¬¡·�¬�»=º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½!¾ À ¾ ¬'¯ ¹�¹ ¾ À�Ì ¾�¹%½=Á�¹#¹%½ º ½=¾ ¸¹ 4�·�¬ ½=¾ ®�È�¬I% Á�¹ ®�À ½=¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ Á ·�¯¼¬ ¾ À ¾ ¬'¯�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹76
������ � ,
: �� �� ,� � � ���� � � � ���� �� � � � �2G � H� � �� � ��� ¬! ¹ ® � � � �� � � � ��� � �
G 0.1 , 82HÂ@¯&· ¹ ¾�¹ ʬ�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á�¹ ·�¯/" º ½=¾ ¸¹ 4�·�¬'¯ ¹SG �$H Á ·�¯/" ¹%½ ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹76
� � ������ � ��� �2G � H
� � ���� ��� G 0.1 , :.H
0 ξ L x
r0r
θ
Pointd’observation
������� 0.1 : 2 ��¨0¨���� � ¼§����¼�0�! =�6�%�0�=�������÷� ¼�=�@� ¼��� ��6¹ ¾ 4�·�¬ ½ »¡» ¹ �¬ ½=¾ � G Ë�º54 Á · ¹ 0.1 :.H À ½ ¿ ¹%Á�¾ P ¬'º�· ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¿�¿�·�À'Å=º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ % Á�¹��2G � H�� � � � � ®�À0�� <
¬'¯�À�·� 6� � ���
����� ��� � �� �
� ®�À0�� ��� � ��� G 0.1 , <2H
� � ����
�� � ��� � �� � �� � �� � ®�À0�� � � ��� G 0.1 , =2H
Ë�¬'º¼�À ½ Á�½ ®�È�¬ ½ 4 ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ » ¹ �¬'·�º¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹76
�� �� � �������� ���� � ���� � ®�À0�� �� � ��� �� � ���� � ®�À0�� � ��� G 0.1 ,#1IH
¹%½ � �&A � ��G � �&A2H�� ��� ����¹%½ � � � � ��G � � � H�� �������� � �� � ���� � ®�À0�� � � �������� ��� � G 0.1 , ?2H
� � ¹ ¾ ¯¼¬ » Á ·�¸¹%¹ ¬'¿�¿�¬'· ¹%½=¾�¹ » Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹¡¹%¾ »�¸¹ ¿ ¹%½ »3» ¹ ¯¼¬h¯�À ½ 4 Á�¹%Á ·¡» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ � < » ¹ ¯¼¬ =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ ��< » ¹ ¯¼¬ =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » ¹ ¯/" À ½ » ¹ ®�À ½ �º¼»�¸¹ ·�¸¹%¹��.¹%¾ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬ M%º�Æ Á�¾ È��h» Á ¿�À�º ½=¾»#" À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¿�¬'·�·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ʬ�¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹FG Ë�º54 Á · ¹ 0.1 :.HD1
� � � �� � �� � ®�À0�� � � �� � �
� ®�À0�� G 0.1 ,�.2H
���� ���A�� �! � �#0"� � � � � �� � � �#0 � � � � � � � � » Á ·�¸¹%¹ ·�¸¹%¹ ¯�¯ ¹� �#0 #� � �"� � � � � � � G 0.1 0;A2H
5 �A�� � � �� � � �S�����)����� +2#� ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� � � �
� � � �� ���� � ®�À0�� �������� �� ��� ������ �� ��FG ��H � � G 0.1 0 , H
� � �� ���� � ®�À0�� ��� ��� � �� � � � � ��� � �� � � � �� G 0.1 0/02H
� � �� �
�
� ��� � ���� � � � ��� � �� � � � �� G 0.1 0;82H������ � ,
: �� �� ,� � � ���� � � ,� ��
� � � � ���� � � � ��� � �� ��� � �� G 0.1 0>:.H¬! ¹ ® 6
� � � � � � � G 0.1 0;<2H± ½ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿h¯�À�º ½=¾ ¬'º ½ ¯/"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ » Á �º54 ½ ¬'¯ ¹ ¾ ¿�·�À�¿�À�· ¾ º�À ½�½�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¬ Á Æ¡À�Æ ¹%½=¾ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹#¹%¾
º ½ ¹ ·� ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ ¿�·�À�¿�À�· ¾ º�À ½�½�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ʬ)¯¼¬)» Á ·�¸¹%¹ ¬'¿�¿�¬'· ¹%½=¾�¹ � � % Á º�»�¸¹ ¿ ¹%½ »4» ¹ ¯/"ä¬ M%º�Æ Á�¾ È#» ¹ ¯¼¬) ¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½¿�¬'·�·�¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾ ʬ#¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ � < » ¹ ¯¼¬#¯�À ½ 4 Á�¹%Á ·6» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ � < » ¹ ¯¼¬S =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹��h¹%¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬ =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » ¹ �À ½ » ¹ 1«�¬���À ½ �»�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ »=À�Æ�¬'º ½�¹ » ¹ P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ 6� �
�� ��� � �� �� � � � ��� � �� � G :H G 0.1 0;=2H� �
�� � � � �� ��� � �� � � � ��� G � ���� � � H � G :H G 0.1 021IH� �
�� ��� � �� � � � � � � � �� ��� � �� � �
G :H � � ��� � ���� ,�� � � ��� � ��� G 0.1 0;?2HÄ�¬ ¾ ·�¬ ½ P À�·�Æ�¸¹%¹ » ¹ Ë�À Á ·�º ¹ ·F» ¹ ¯¼¬ P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ ·�¬'Æ¡¿ ¹SG ±�% Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ 0.1 12< Ë�º54 Á · ¹�0.1982H�¹ ¾ ¸¹ 40¬'¯ ¹ ʬ 6� �
�)G��DH ��� �G :H�� ,
� ��� � � ����� ��,�� G 0.1 0/.2H
Ä)"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ » Á �¿ ¹ ® ¾ · ¹ » ¹ � � ¬#¿�À Á · ¹ Å=¿�· ¹ ��º�À ½.6����� � G :H �� � ,
: �� �� ,� � ��� � � ���� �º ½ � � ��� � �� ����������º ½ ��������
����� G 0.198;A2H
´+Ì�¬�� ¹;P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ ¯/"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ » Á �¿ ¹ ® ¾ · ¹ �¬ Á�¾�6¯�º�Æ�! "� �� ����0G :H �� � ,
: �� �� ,� � ��� � � G 0.198 , HÄ)"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ » Á#½ º5 ¹ ¬ Á ¿�¯¼¬ ¾ » Á �¿ ¹ ® ¾ · ¹ ʬ�Ì�¬�� ¹ P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹�¹ ¾ ¿�·�À�¿�À�· ¾ º�À ½�½�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¬ Á Æ¡À�Æ ¹%½=¾
�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ � � 1´ È�¬ Á�¾�¹ P ·�¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹2<�¹%½ ¸¹ ®�È ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ¯�ÀI40¬'·�º ¾ È�Æ¡º'% Á�¹2< ¯/"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ » Á �¿ ¹ ® ¾ · ¹ ¹!¾ ·�À Á ¹ �À Á ¯/"ä¬� *=Æ¡¿ ¾ À ¾�¹ � G :H�6
� G :H�� ,: �� �� ,� � ��� � � :
� �� � G 0.198/02H
É ¹ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ ®�º ½ ¸¹ Æ�¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ Æ¡À ½=¾ · ¹ ¯/" º ½QP Á�¹%½ ® ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬)�À Á ·�® ¹2< » ¹ ¯¼¬0 =º ¾�¹ � ¹ » Á
� � �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
M 0α
f (Hz)fC
α ω-2
u
������� 0.19< 2 �' ������! =� �)�'���0����� ����¨������@���������0§6¨�� ��@�= =� ��©��� � �������h�÷���0�0���� � §���%��� � �#���¡¨��0���C����'���'� �¥��©���%���������������&¨�����¨��0���¼�0�����������)�0�¡§��0§4���=��� ÷�%§���%��� ����� 6©���%��� ÷���%�0����� � �0�0��� �¥��©���%��������� 0�¡��¨������@���)�����6��� � � �P ·�À ½=¾ » ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹�¹%¾ » Á#¾�¹ Æ¡¿��» ¹ Æ¡À ½=¾ ¸¹%¹ Á ·�¯¼¬ P À�·�Æ ¹ » Á �º54 ½ ¬'¯��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹�¹%½ · ¹ 4�º¼ ¾ ·�¸¹21 ÉA" ¹ ¾ ® ¹4 ¹%½ · ¹ » ¹ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ % Á�¹�½ À Á �¬'¯�¯�À ½ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹ ·F¿�À Á ·6· ¹ Æ¡À ½=¾�¹ ·F¬ Á Å¡®%¬'·�¬ ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹ F¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ F» ¹¯¼¬6�À Á ·�® ¹ ®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½=¾ ¯ ¹ &Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¹%½ · ¹ 4�º¼ ¾ ·�¸¹ �¿�·%ʹ �» ¹ ¯¼¬��À Á ·�® ¹21 °�º ¹%½�¹%½=¾�¹%½ » Á®�À�Æ¡Æ ¹�½ À Á �®�È ¹ ·�®�È�À ½ 6ʬ#Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ¯�º¼ ¹ ·�» ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �¿�·�À=®�È ¹ < º�¯ ¹ ¾�½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��¬'º�· ¹ » ¹)¾�¹%½ º�·�®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹» ¹ ¾�¹ ·�Æ ¹ F» ¹ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹21 «�À Á ·�º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ·F¯¼¬)· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹ Á ·�¯ ¹ ¿�¯¼¬ ½ » ¹ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹6¹%¾ ¹ � �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ º�¯ P ¬ Á�¾ »=º¼�®�·�¸¹%¾ º¼ ¹ ·6¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹#¹%½ �À Á + ¸¹ ¯%¸¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �¿�À Á ·�¯ ¹ &% Á�¹ ¯¼ ½ À Á )®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·�À ½ �¯¼¬4· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹¬! ¹ ® Á�½!½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ ¯�º�Æ¡º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ F¿�À Á · ½�¹ ¿�¬��· ¹%½ »=· ¹ ¯ ¹ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ �À Á + »�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ ¸¹21
������� � ��) �7�(���!%�)1"������ �.� -!���0/�% ��1���Ä�¬¡Ì�¬� ¹�¾ È�¸¹ À�·�º'% Á�¹ » Á ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹)¹%½!¾�¹ ·�Æ ¹ » ¹ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·�¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹#¹ ¾ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ¿�¬'·�¯ ¹
¾ È�¸¹ À�·%ʹ Æ ¹ » ¹ · ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ G ¸¹ % Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ 8.1 0 » ¹ ´AC=º ¹%¾ ²�º¼®�È�¬'·�»� < ,�.;?;A.< ¸¹ % Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ 8.1 0.1 , ? » ¹B�À0 ¾ ·�À ¹%¾ µ�¬� < ,�.;?;?2HD1 Ï º�À ½ ½ ¸¹ 4�¯�º54 ¹ ¯ ¹ P À�·�® ¹ )» ¹ 0À�¯ Á Æ ¹2< ¯ ¹ »�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ʬ Á�½�¹ ¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼=¸¹%¹)¹%½�� ¿ ¹%Á�¾ " ¹ Å=¿�·�º�Æ ¹ · ¹%½ P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬4»=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·�¯¼¬4 Á · P ¬�® ¹» ¹ ¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹�� ¿�¬'· 6
� � G�� � ��H�� � �� � �
� ��� � � G�� � � � � � �DH�� � G � � �DH � � G 0.198;82H
� � G�� � ��HF¹ ¾ ¯¼¬4®�À�Æ¡¿�À0�¬ ½=¾�¹�� » Á »�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬ Á ¿�À�º ½=¾ »#" À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½�G�� � ��H ) � � � G�� � � � � � �DH¹ ¾ ¯¼¬6·�¸¹ ¿�À ½ ¹ º�Æ¡¿ Á ¯¼�º�À ½�½�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ » Á Æ¡º�¯�º ¹%Á ¬ Á ¿�À�º ½=¾ »#" À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ G�� � ��H » Á�¹ ʬ Á�½�¹ »=º¼�¯�À=®%¬ ¾ º�À ½¬ Á ¿�À�º ½=¾ �À Á ·�® ¹�G
�� �DHF¹%¾� � G
�� �DHF¹ ¾ ¯¼¬�®�À�Æ¡¿�À0�¬ ½=¾�¹ � » Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·6¯¼¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹21
Ä ¹ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ » ¹ ¯/" º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ·�º ¹ ®�À ½ �º¼ ¾�¹ ʬ ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾� � G�� �DH ®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½=¾ � � G�� � ��H¹%¾ � � � G�� � � � � � �DHD1 «�À Á ·�·�¸¹ �À Á »=· ¹ ® ¹ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹2< ¿�¯ Á �º ¹%Á ·��Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ �À ½=¾ ¸¹%¾ ¸¹ ¿�·�À�¿�À0=¸¹%¹ �»�¬ ½ �¯ ¹
5 � � �) � � �-�� � � � ��� � � � � �
»=À�Æ�¬'º ½�¹6¾�¹ Æ¡¿�À�· ¹ ¯ G Ã6¯¼�À ½¡¹%¾ ´6¿� ¹ ¯ <�,�.;?/0") � ¬'· ¾ M ¹ ¯�¯ ¹%¾ �6¹ ¬ ¾ À ½=< ,�.;?;8") µ�¬� ¹%¾ B�À0 ¾ ·�À < ,�./.;A")Ç ¹%½ »=ÀIM'¬ ���6����� <�,�./.>: ) µ�¬� ¹%¾ B�À0 ¾ ·�À <�,�./.>:.H�¹%¾ »#"ä¬ Á�¾ · ¹ 6»�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ »=À�Æ�¬'º ½�¹ �¿ ¹ ® ¾ ·�¬'¯ G Ã6¯¼�À ½¹%¾ ´ ½ » ¹ ·��À ½=< ,�.;?;?") ÉFÀ ¾�¾ À ½v¹%¾ É�¬'Æ¡¿�º�¯�¯�À <�,�./.;<2HD1 µ�¬ ½ #�¬ ¾ È&ʹ ¹2< ÉFÀ ¾�¾ À ½ G-,�./.;<2HD< »�¸¹ ®�·�º ¾ ¯ ¹ »=º O ¸¹ · ¹%½=¾�¹ &Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ ¹%¾ »=º¼�® Á�¾�¹ ¯ ¹ �¿�À�º ½=¾ P À�· ¾ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �¯�º�Æ¡º ¾�¹ &» ¹ �»=º O ¸¹ · ¹%½=¾�¹ �¬'¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹ 1 µ�¬�¹%¾ Ï Á È�¬�»=À�¯¼® G-,�./.;=2H »=À ½�½�¹%½=¾ » ¹ �®�À ½ ¹ º�¯¼ ¹%¾ » ¹ �¬! ¹ · ¾ º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �®�À ½ ® ¹ · ½ ¬ ½=¾ ¯/" º�Æ�¬ 4 ¹ ·�º ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬�À Á ·�® ¹)¹%¾ » ¹ �¬'· ¾ ¸¹8P ¬�® ¾�¹ �¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹ ¹%½�Á�¾ º�¯�º¼�¬ ½=¾ » ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ � * ½=¾ È�¸¹%¾ º'% Á�¹ 1
������� � ��)�-�)1��)0� '��" ������)1"������ ��� %�)������������«�À Á ·6º ½ ¹ ·� ¹ ·F¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6» ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ P À�· ¾6½ À Á �¬! 0À ½ 6®�È�À�º¼�º&»#" Á�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹ ·F¯¼¬ ¾�¹ ®�È ½ º'% Á�¹
»�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿�¸¹%¹ »�¬ ½ �¯¼¬ ¾ È&ʹ ¹ » ¹ ÉFÀ ¾�¾ À ½ G-,�./.;<2HD1 É ¹%¾�¾�¹�¾�¹ ®�È ½ º'% Á�¹ ¬+¸¹%¾ ¸¹ ¬'¿�¿�¯�º'% Á ¸¹%¹ ¬ Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹» ¹ Ä�¬ ½ » ¹ ·� G ÉFÀ ¾�¾ À ½!¹%¾ É�¬'Æ¡¿�º�¯�¯�À < ,�./.>: ) ÉFÀ ¾�¾ À ½!¹%¾ É�¬'Æ¡¿�º�¯�¯�À < ,�./.;<2H�¹%¾ ʬ4® ¹ ¯ Á º�»#"TJ ¾�¾ ¬'·&C�¬��È�ºG ÉFÀ ¾�¾ À ½ ���¡����� < ,�./.;=2HD1 Ä�¬ P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹h¹ ¾ »=º¼�®�·�¸¹%¾ º¼=¸¹%¹!¹%½ �À Á + P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ 1 ´Î®�È�¬I% Á�¹ �À Á + P ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ ¹ ¾¬���À=®�º%¸¹%¹�Á�½�¹ P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ �À Á ·�® ¹ % Á º=®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ »�ʬ Á�½�¹ ·�¬'Æ¡¿ ¹ ¯�º¼� ¹F¹%½ »�¸¹ ¿�¯¼¬�® ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾)G Ë�º54 Á · ¹*0.1 1IHD1Ä�¬ P À�·�Æ ¹)¹%¾ ¯¼¬#¿�À0�º ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹ P À ½ ® ¾ º�À ½ �À Á ·�® ¹ »�¸¹ ¿ ¹%½ »!» ¹)¾ ·�À�º¼�¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ G ¯/"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹» Á 4�¯�º¼� ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!< ¯ ¹�¾�¹ Æ¡¿��» ¹ Æ¡À ½=¾ ¸¹%¹#¹%¾ ¯ ¹ »�¸¹ Ì Á�¾ » ¹ ¯¼¬¡· Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹IHD1 Ä�¬�·�¸¹ ¿�À ½ ¹ » Á Æ¡º�¯�º ¹%Á�¹ ¾®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯%¸¹%¹ ¿�¬'·4¯¼¬ Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ » ¹ ½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ �»#" À ½ » ¹ ¡»=º¼�®�· ¹%¾ #¿�À Á · Á�½ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ ʬ ¾ ·�¬ ¾ º ? ®%¬ ¾ º�À ½¿�¯¼¬ ½�¹�G °�À Á ®�È�À ½=<�,�.;? , ) B ¹%½�½�¹%¾�¾!< ,�.;?;8") ÉFÀ Á�¾ ¬ ½=¾!<�,�.;?/.2HD1Ä ¹ 6Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹ �¿�À Á ·)Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ¯�º¼ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ 6»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ 6 ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ �» Á �À�¯F®�À ½ �º¼»�ʹ · ¹%½=¾ 4�¸¹ +
½ ¸¹ ·�¬'¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾)Á�½ » ¹ Æ¡º + ¹ �¿�¬�® ¹ ¸¹ ¯¼¬� ¾ º'% Á�¹6G ÃAC�¬�»�¬ < ,�.;?;<") ÃAC�¬�»�¬ < ,�././02HD1 «�À Á ·¡» ¹ #·�¬'º¼�À ½ 4» ¹®�À�È�¸¹ · ¹%½ ® ¹2<'¹%¾ ¿�À Á · ¾�¹%½ º�·�®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬6·�È�¸¹ À�¯�ÀI4�º ¹�½ À Á �¬! 0À ½ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹ ¯¼¬6Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ » ¹ ½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ »#" À ½ » ¹ �»=º¼�®�· ¹%¾ &¿�À Á ·�®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯ ¹ ·&¯¼¬6·�¸¹ ¿�À ½ ¹ ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ »�¬ ½ Á�½ Æ¡º�¯�º ¹%Á ʬ� ¾ ·�¬ ¾ º ? ®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¿�¯¼¬ ½�¹�G Ë�º +4 Á · ¹ 0.19?.< 0.1 .2HD1 Ä)" ¹ O ¹%¾ » ¹ �®�À Á ®�È ¹ � Á ¿ ¹ ·R? ®�º ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ � Á ·�¯ ¹ �»�¸¹8P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ F ¾ ¬ ¾ º'% Á�¹ ¹ ¾ »=º¼�® Á�¾ ¸¹¿�¬'·�° ¹ · ½ ¬'·�» ���������#G-,�./.21IHD< Ï ¬! �¬ 4 ¹�G-,�./.;?2H�¹%¾ É�¬ ¾�¾ º ½3���������#G-,�././.2HD1
�� � � ���1�$+ �"�� � � ��% ��� �� ���� � � 2 � )7������� ���*������� � '�*�*� )0��� -�)1��)0� ���" ���*� �.� ��� ����*%��Ä ¹ ! ! ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ º ½ ¹ ·� ¹ " "�¹ ¾ ¯¼¬�¿�·�À0 ¹ » ¹ Ç!À ½ �º ¹%Á ·F3�À Á ·�»�¬'º ½=1 à ½ ¯ ¹ · ¹%½ ®�À ½=¾ · ¹ ¿�¬'· ¾ À Á�¾!<
Æ (¹ Æ ¹ �º�À ½�½�¹ " ¹%½ ¬'¿ ¹ · N®�À�º ¾ ¿�¬� ¾ À ÁL9 À Á ·� 1 ± ½3¹ O ¹%¾!< ʬ Á�½ Æ¡À�Æ ¹%½=¾ À Á ʬ Á�½ ¬ Á�¾ · ¹2< ¯�À�·�»#" Á�½�¹6¹ Å=¿�¸¹ ·�º�Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ �®�º ¹%½=¾ º ? % Á�¹ À Á�¾ À Á�¾ �º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬ Á ®�À Á ·��»#" Á�½�¹ Ì�¬ ½ ¬'¯ ¹ À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½» ¹ ¯¼¬ =º ¹ % Á À ¾ º¼»=º ¹%½�½�¹ À ½v¹ ¾ ¬'Æ ¹%½ ¸¹ ʬ!º ½=¾�¹ ·�¿�·�¸¹%¾�¹ ·)® ¹ % Á�¹ ¯/" À ½ À�Ì� ¹ ·& ¹21 ± ½ �º¼�Æ¡À�¯�ÀI4�º ¹ ¯ ¹ ¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ F�À ½=¾ ¯%¸¹ 4�º�À ½.6 »�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » Á Æ�¸¹ ®%¬ ½ º¼�Æ ¹ ¬ Á P À * ¹ ·#ʬ#¿�¬'· ¾ º�·�» ¹ � ¹%½ 6» ¹ ¿�· ¹ Æ¡º ¹ ·Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾!< ¿�·�ÀL? ¯¼�» ¹ =º ¾�¹ � ¹ ʬ�¿�¬'· ¾ º�·�» ¹ ¯¼¬6»=º¼�¿ ¹ ·��º�À ½ » ¹ &À ½ » ¹ �» ¹ Á · P ¬�® ¹2< ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½» ¹ ¯¼¬� ¾ · Á ® ¾�Á · ¹ ʬ�¿�¬'· ¾ º�·6» ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �» ¹ �º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ·�¸¹ � ¹ Å=º�À ½=<=¹%¾ ® 15151
� Á º6»=º ¾ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ º ½ ¹ ·� ¹ »=º ¾ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ »=º�· ¹ ® ¾!1 Ä)"ä¬'¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹ »=º�· ¹ ® ¾�¹4¹ ¾ Ì�¬�=¸¹%¹ Á · Á�½�¹¾ È�¸¹ À�·�º ¹ À Á » ¹ �¯�À�º¼ ¹ Æ¡¿�º�·�º'% Á�¹ �% Á º6¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ »=º�· ¹ » ¹ �À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬'Ì�¯ ¹ !ʬh¯/"ä¬'º¼» ¹ »#" Á�½
� 5 �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
������� 0.19= 2 � �0���0§ ©���@��÷�%���¼�0�h =�)�÷�¡�%�0�=����� � ��� �6©���0§ ©���@��C�� =�#�÷� �¥� ������¡�������@�0�0�6 � �0���0�� ��©�%��÷¨��÷��� C���=��� �6©���0§ ©���@��C���F¨����=¢'���=������@������������©�%��� � ���� �¥� ������)�����F���0�%� ����� ÷�%�%��©���÷�F©�%�)�����%�0��� � �¥� �������� �� � � �%���#�%�0��� � �¥� ������������6���0§6¨��'�F©�%�� =��¨�� ¼�=�¼�)�%�0�=������� � ����� �¥�0�����¼�0�0�¡ =���6���������%�0�=��©��¢%���÷��©�%������=§ ©������%����§4���=�����=�@���h� � � �%���4¨�� ¼�=�)�%�0�=�����!���4� � � �%���4¨�� ¼�=�� � �0���'����¢%���¼�0� �#���v¢ ��������'�h =����%¨��@�=��� ��4��� ¼�=��©����C���=�� � �=�����%�0��� � �¥� ������4���������0�0���@�0�=��� �
5 � � �) � � �-�� � � � ��� � � � � �
t
amplitude du glissement
début du glissement
H1,Vp1,Vs1,Rho1,Qp1,Qs1
H2,Vp2,Vs2,Rho2,Qp2,Qs2
H3,Vp3,Vs3,Rho3,Qp3,Qs3
temps de montée
H4,Vp4,Vs4,Rho4,Qp4,Qs4
fonction source en déplacement
faille
donnée cosismique
sous-failles
demi-espace stratifié plan
surface
������� 0.1 1 2 �u� � � �%���¡�%�0��� � �¥� ������h�����)�'���%�'� =©�%���=��� �¥�0�����¼�0�v�%�0�=����� �%� 6���0��������¨��0�� �� �=������0§6¨���� ÷���'�)���� 6©�@¨��÷�0����§4���=� �����#��©�@¨��0�0�'�6 0�4§��� C���������F�����÷�%�0��©�%��¨��0���÷�4§ ©��� � �' =�6 =���)���0§��%����� � �0�� =���� ÷�%�%�����¼��¨��0�=���=�h§��' ������ ��4���@����� �����¼�0��¨��÷�0��� �
� � �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50D
ispl
acem
ent,
mm
-20 -10 0 10 20Distance, km
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50D
ispl
acem
ent,
mm
-20 -10 0 10 20Distance, km
Axitra half-space Axitra half-space
Okada half-space
horizontal
vertical
������� 0.19? 2� ©���¥�0��§����¼�0�0�4�����÷�%�0��©�������0¢'���4����� �¥�0��§��0�����¡�0�����÷¦'���%������ � �����0 0� ���6�÷�h§ ©��� � �' =����=§ ©������%���¡ =���¡���0§��%�����¡ � �0�� =���¡ ÷�%�%�����¼� �÷¨������0���0§�§4� � � ��@��� � � ���� =��§�������¨��0�������������0���0� ���©����÷�F©�6¨��0� � � � =;8;A;A �� � �;��� � 8;<;A;A �� � �;� �� 0/.;A;A� � � � ��� �¥� ��������¥� �� �'� ��� ��§. =��÷�0���h����� ��� ��§. =�)�÷�0� �=� � ���6�%�0§�§4���� =�#�÷� �¥� ������¡����� ������0�¡§. =��¨���� �¥�0�� =���=�����÷� �¥� �������¨����� �� �0�0�=� � �4�0¢'���4�=�h�0�������4 =�!:20��������)�%�0§�§4���� =�#�÷� �¥� ������¡����� ��¡�÷��¨��'� ��¼�0� � �0���%�0�=�@������� ��§ ����)§ ©�����0� ÷�%§4�#���������0��§���� �F��� ��� ÷���'��§4���=�����������0�0���@�0�=�F�%�=���@�0�0���)�÷� �¥� ������4����¢%�0�0������%§ � ��� �0�=���)§��0�=�@�����÷�¡ 6©���¥�0��§����¼�0�!���¡�%�=���¥�0�����'���÷�0�h�=����� �0����¨����@¨����� ¼�%�0�÷� ¼��� ����÷���¥� �������¨��'���%�0�=���� �%�0�v§��� C��� �����!���0§6¨��'�%�0�=��� � �0���%�0�=�@�����������6�÷� ���0§6¨��'�%�0�=�����÷�0��� ��@�= ¼���������#���0�6¨��0�=�4 =������ ÷�%�0�0�) =���%¦�§ ©���@��C���F�÷�¡���0§6¨��'�%�0�=�����@���0�0�%¢'�����'�#���������0����� � ������©� � ������# ©�����������#������¨���¼��� ¨��������§4���=�� 0��� ����÷� �¥��� ���0�� =��¨��0���0§ ©���@��÷�'�����÷���%�0�=����� �¼�%�0§�§����¼�0�� =��¨�� ¼�=�¼�6�%�0�=�������) 0�0�0�����)���'� =���÷�¡§ ©��� � �' =�) =���)���0§��%���) � �0�� =���# ÷�%�%�����¼�#���� ÷���÷�'�����¼�0�¡�%�=���=��� �¥� ������#�������@�0���0�0�÷� ¼���) 0�0�0����#���'�� =���÷� �¥�0��§��0�÷���¼�0�h�0�����÷¦'���%���� � �����0 0� � �
5 � � �) � � �-�� � � � ��� � � � �
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
Dis
plac
emen
t, m
m
-20 -10 0 10 20Distance, km
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
Dis
plac
emen
t, m
m
-20 -10 0 10 20Distance, km
hard rock
soft soil, 50 m
soft soil, 100 m
soft soil, 200 m
soft soil, 400 m
horizontal
vertical
������� 0.1 . 2�� ��� ���������) � �=���#���0�=� � �)§4���=�����)�%�=�6�����# 6©���¥�0��§����¼�0�0�#�����÷�%�0��©�%�����0¢'���#�÷�¡§ ©��� � �' =� =�������0§��%�����# � �0�� =���� ÷�%�%�����¼� �����6�%�������������0���0����©����÷�F©��¨��0� � � �$=;A;A �� � �;� � � 0;A;A �� � �;� � , ?;A;A� � � �B���0�Ω�@¨�� ÷���'���=�h������ =�h�;� �=�;� �0�0�;�#���0�v�������0� §Î�'���÷�0���÷�v��©���=���� =� ����� =��§�������¨��0���h�����4���0���0����©����÷�F©�#¨��0� � � � =;8;A;A �� � �;��� � 8;<;A;A �� � �;�� � 0/.;A;A� � � ���� �¥� ������ �¥� �� �'� ��� ��§q =�¡�÷�0������� � ��� ��§ =���÷�0� �=� �#�����%�0§�§4���� =�¡�÷� �¥� ������ ����� �� ���0� § =��¨���� �¥�0�� =���=�����÷� �¥� ������#¨����� h�0¢'�����=�v�0�������� =��:20��¡�%�=�#�÷� �0�0�=� � ���������%�0§�§4���� =�4�÷� �¥� ����������� ��!�÷��¨��'� ��¼�0� � �0���%�0�=�@�����¡� ��§ � ����§ ©�����0� ÷�%§4�¡���������0��§���� �6��� ��� ÷���'��§4���=�����������0�0���@�0�=��%�=���@�0�0���4�÷� �¥� ������!���)¢%�0�0������%§ ����� �0�=���¡§��0�=�@���4�÷�h 6©���¥�0��§����¼�0�3��� �%�=���¥�0���#�'���÷�0�3�=���� �0����¨����@¨����� ¼�%�0�÷� ¼��� ��3�÷� �¥� �������¨��'���%�0�=�������%�0� §��� C��� ���������0§6¨��'�%�0�=��� � �0���%�0�=�@�����v������÷�!���0§6¨��'�%�0�=���#�÷�0��� ��@�= ¼���������#���0��¨��0�=�# =���¡��� ÷�%�0�0�� =�)�%¦�§ ©���@��C�����÷�h���0§6¨��'�%�0�=���#�@���0�0�%¢'�����'������4���0����� �������h���0�=� � ���%�%¨����� � C�������v§4���=����� �0§6¨�� �!�÷�3 6©���¥�0��§����¼�0� � � ���C���h�0§6¨�� �����¼�0��%�=���@�0�0�6¢ ÷� ¼�������%�=���÷�!���0§6¨��'�%�0�=��� � �0���%�0�=�@�����¡������ � �0�0�@�0�=�F¨��÷��� ¼§6¨��0���@�0�=�����%�����÷�h���0�=� � ������ ©�@¨�� ÷���'� �
� � �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹21 «�¬'· ¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹2<�¹%½ Á ¿�¿�À0�¬ ½=¾ ®�À ½�½=Á )¯¼¬�¿�À0�º ¾ º�À ½v¹%¾ ¯ ¹4¾�¹ Æ¡¿�6À�·�º54�º ½�¹ »#" Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹2<¯¼¬ ¾ È�¸¹ À�·�º ¹ » ¹ ¯/"�¸¹ ¯¼¬� ¾ º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹!½ À Á �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾ » ¹ ®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯ ¹ ·¡¯ ¹ ¾�¹ Æ¡¿�¡»#"ä¬'·�·�º5 �¸¹%¹ » ¹ �À ½ » ¹ � ¹%½»=º5 ¹ ·� ¹%½ »=·�À�º ¾ 1 µ�¬ ½ 4® ¹%¾#¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹2< ¯ ¹ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹ º ½ ¹ ·� ¹ ®�À ½ �º¼ ¾�¹ ʬ!¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼ ¹ ·)¯/" È.*=¿�À=® ¹%½=¾ · ¹¹%¾ ʬ »�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½�¹ ·�¯ ¹¡¾�¹ Æ¡¿��À�·�º54�º ½�¹ » Á =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹2< ®�À ½�½ ¬'º¼��¬ ½=¾ ¯ ¹ ¾�¹ Æ¡¿�)»#"ä¬'·�·�º5 �¸¹%¹ ¯ Á # Á ·�¯ ¹ �º¼�Æ¡ÀI4�·�¬'Æ¡Æ ¹ 1 ± ½ ® ¹ % Á º�®�À ½ ® ¹ · ½�¹¡½ À ¾ · ¹ ¸¹%¾�Á » ¹2<�½ À Á 4®�È ¹ ·�®�È�À ½ #» ¹ #Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ )» ¹ �À Á ·�® ¹¹ Å=¿�¯�º'% Á ¬ ½=¾ ¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ % Á�¹!½ À Á ¡¬! 0À ½ !ʬ ½ À ¾ · ¹ »=º¼�¿�À0�º ¾ º�À ½=1 É ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »�¬ ½=¾ ¿�À Á ·�»�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯ ¹¿�È�¸¹%½ À�Æhʹ%½�¹ ®�À�·�· ¹ ® ¾�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾!< º�¯ ½�¹ ÁQ7 ¾ ¿�¬��» ¹�¾ ·�À Á ¹ · Á�½�¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½#¹%½ ¬�®%®�À�·�»#¬! ¹ ®�¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ Æ�¬'º¼Fº�¯ ¹ ¾ Á · ¾ À Á�¾ º ½ »=º¼�¿ ¹%½ �¬'Ì�¯ ¹ »#"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á�¹ ·�¯¼¬;? ¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ �¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¸¹ 1
��� � ��� ���*�$� '��" �!� ���*� ��� � � �0�����������Â@¯ ¹ Å=º¼ ¾�¹ » ¹¡½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹%Á ¹ ¾�¹ ®�È ½ º'% Á�¹ �»#" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ ʬ ½ À ¾ · ¹ »=º¼�¿�À0�º ¾ º�À ½ ¿�À Á ·�º ½ ¹ ·� ¹ ·#» ¹
»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ G Í�¬'·�¬ ½=¾ À�¯¼¬ < ,�.;?21IHD1 3 ¹4½�¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾�¹ º¼®�º$% Á " Á�½ ¬'¿ ¹ · N® Á ¾ ·%ʹ � Á ®%®�º ½ ® ¾ » ¹ �¿�·�º ½ ®�º�¿�¬'¯ ¹ P ¬'Æ¡º�¯�¯ ¹ F»#" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½=1
� ��� � ��� ���)� � ��+2� �'� �� Á ¬ ½ »�¯ ¹ ¿�·�À�Ì�¯@ʹ Æ ¹�¹ ¾ ¯�º ½ ¸¹ ¬'·�º¼�¬'Ì�¯ ¹2< º�¯6¿ ¹%Á�¾ (¹%¾ · ¹ ·�¸¹ �À�¯ Á º ¾ ¸¹ ·�¬ ¾ º5 ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ʬ ¿�¬'· ¾ º�·�»#" Á�½
Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ º ½ º ¾ º¼¬'¯ 1 É ¹�¾ *=¿ ¹ »#" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ ¿ ¹%Á�¾ Æ�¬'¯�È ¹%Á · ¹%Á ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ ®�À ½ ¹ ·&4 ¹ ·S ¹ ·� Á�½ Æ¡º ½ º�Æ Á Ư�À=®%¬'¯ 1 Â@¯ ¹ ¾ »=À ½ ® ½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��¬'º�· ¹ » ¹�¾�¹ ¾�¹ ·&¯¼¬� ¾ ¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ ��À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ ¹%½)Á�¾ º�¯�º¼�¬ ½=¾ ¿�¯ Á �º ¹%Á ·��Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ » ¹ »�¸¹ ¿�¬'· ¾SG 0À�º�·�®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ :�<�=#¹%¾�1IHD1
� ��� � ��� ���)� � �(�##� �'�'�Ä�À�·�&% Á�¹ ¯/" ¹ �¿�¬�® ¹ » ¹ �¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ ¹ ¾ · ¹ ¾ · ¹ º ½=¾!< º�¯ ¹ ¾ ¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹ » ¹ P ¬'º�· ¹)Á�½�¹ · ¹ ®�È ¹ ·�®�È ¹6¹%½
4�·�º�¯�¯ ¹6G 0À�º�·4®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ 82HD1 J ½�¹¡¾�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ · ¹ ®�È ¹ ·�®�È ¹4½ ¸¹ ® ¹ ��º ¾�¹¡Á�½�¹ »=º¼�®�·�¸¹%¾ º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/" ¹ �¿�¬�® ¹ » ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ 1 Â@¯ P ¬ Á�¾�¹%½ Á º ¾�¹�¾�¹ ¾�¹ · < ¿�À Á ·�® ¹%¾�¹%½ ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ ? ½ º�» ¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ �¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹ < ® ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �% Á º»=À ½�½�¹%½=¾ ¯ ¹ Æ ¹ º�¯�¯ ¹%Á ·�¬�®%®�À�·�» ¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ 6»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �¬'¯ ¹%Á ·�� * ½=¾ È�¸¹%¾ º'% Á�¹ �®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯%¸¹%¹ �¬! ¹ ®)¯ ¹Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ »=º�· ¹ ® ¾!1
� ��� � ��� ���)��� � � �)� �'� �Ä�¬ ¾�¹ ®�È ½ º'% Á�¹ » ¹ Ç!À ½=¾�¹ + É�¬'·�¯�À�®�À ½ �º¼ ¾�¹ ʬv®�È�À�º¼�º�·¡» ¹ P ¬ N®�À ½ ¬'¯%¸¹ ¬ ¾ À�º�· ¹!Á�½ Æ¡À=»�ʹ ¯ ¹ »�¬ ½
¯/" ¹ �¿�¬�® ¹ » ¹ 6¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ 1 É ¹ ¿�·�À=® ¹ � Á )»=À�º ¾ (¹%¾ · ¹ ·�¸¹ ¬'¯�º¼=¸¹#Á�½!½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ » ¹;P À�º¼ ¾ ·%ʹ 6º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾¿�À Á ·6¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ · ¹6Á�½�¹#¹ Å=¿�¯�À�·�¬ ¾ º�À ½ ÁQ7 �¬ ½=¾�¹ » ¹ ¯/" ¹ �¿�¬�® ¹ » ¹ ��À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ 1
� ��� � ��� ���)��� � �(� 4-� � � �)� �'� �Ä ¹ FÆ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ F»#" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ � ¹ Æ¡º + 4�¯�À�Ì�¬'¯ ¹ ¾�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ �¯ ¹ · ¹ ® Á º ¾ + �º�Æ Á ¯%¸¹ À Á ¯/" º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ 4�¸¹%½ ¸¹%¾ º'% Á�¹
G 0À�º�·6®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ =�¹%¾�1IH ÀLO · ¹%½=¾6Á�½ ®�À�Æ¡¿�·�À�Æ¡º¼ ¹%½=¾ · ¹ ¯ ¹ �º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ �®�À�Æ¡¿�¯@ʹ%¾�¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ ¬'¯%¸¹ ¬ ¾ À�º�· ¹
5 S����+ � �)��� ��� � �
¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ F¯�À=®%¬'¯ ¹ 1
� ��� � ��� ���)��$�%�)#�'� � �Ä ¹ �Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ �È.*=Ì�·�º¼» ¹ 6®�À�Æ4Ì�º ½�¹%½=¾ » ¹ �¬'¯54�À�·�º ¾ È�Æ ¹ 4�¯�À�Ì�¬ Á ÅhÀ Á ¹ Æ¡º + 4�¯�À�Ì�¬ Á Å % Á º�¿ ¹ ·R+
Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹F¾ ·�À Á ¹ · Á�½ Æ¡º ½ º�Æ Á Æ 4�¯�À�Ì�¬'¯ <%¹%¾ » ¹ &¬'¯54�À�·�º ¾ È�Æ ¹ #% Á º0®�À ½ ¹ ·&4 ¹%½=¾ ¹ ·� Á�½�¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½¯�À=®%¬'¯ ¹21
�� ����%�������������%
Ä ¹ �» ¹%Á Å3®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ ¡» ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹ ¿�· ¹ Æ¡º@ʹ · ¹ ¿�¬'· ¾ º ¹h½ À Á 4À ½=¾ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ¡º¼�» ¹ ¿�À0 ¹ ·�¯ ¹ ®%¬�»=· ¹ » ¹½ À ¾ · ¹ · ¹ ®�È ¹ ·�®�È ¹ » ¹ ¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾�¹ ·�¯ ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ ¬ ½=¾ » ¹ »�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯¼¬)�À Á ·�® ¹G Ë�º54 Á · ¹�0.1 , A2HD1
mouvements forts
localisation et profondeur
magnitude
géométrie et mécanisme
distribution du glissement
cinématique de la source
dynamique de la rupture
Intensités
données de champ proche
mesures géodésiques
problèmes à résoudre
������� 0.1 , A 2 �����4 0�0���)©�����¡ =�4� � �0§6¨!¨����'� � ��¨�����§4���C�����=�) =��§�C�����h���0����� ����@���#�÷���%�0�=������� ÷� �§���%��� �
Ä)" À�Ì 9 ¹ ® ¾ º P » ¹ ® ¹%¾�¾�¹ ¸¹%¾�Á » ¹�¹ ¾ »=À Á Ì�¯ ¹76
2 ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ · ¹%¾ »�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯ ¹ ¾ · ¹ Æ4Ì�¯ ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ 6» ¹4¾�¹ ·�· ¹ ʬ�¯ ¹%Á ·)�À Á ·�® ¹ ¬>? ½ » ¹ Æ¡º ¹%Á Å!®�À�Æ +¿�· ¹%½ »=· ¹ ¯ ¹ ¿�·�À=® ¹ � Á 6» ¹ · Á ¿ ¾�Á · ¹2<
2 Á�¾ º�¯�º¼ ¹ ·�® ¹ �·�¸¹ Á ¯ ¾ ¬ ¾ �¿�À Á ·�®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 6ʬ�¿�· ¹%½ »=· ¹�¹%½ ®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ ¬'º ½ �º)% Á�¹ ¯ ¹ Æ¡À Á ¹ Æ ¹�½=¾ F�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �¿�À Á ·6¯/"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬#�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹21
� � �A�#��� � � ��� �6�!���)#+ � ��� ���(�'&�� �
Ï ¹ ¯�À ½ ¯¼¬% Á ¬'¯�º ¾ ¸¹)¹%¾ ¯¼¬�% Á ¬ ½=¾ º ¾ ¸¹ » ¹ 6»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ 6¿�·�À=®�È ¹ �»=º¼�¿�À ½ º�Ì�¯ ¹ <�½ À Á �¬! 0À ½ �»�¸¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�¿�¸¹)¹%¾¬'¿�¿�¯�º'% Á ¸¹ » ¹ 6Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ A% Á º�¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ »�¸¹ ®�·�º�· ¹ ¯¼¬4�À Á ·�® ¹�¹%¾ » ¹ ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·6¯ ¹ �Æ¡À Á ¹ +Æ ¹%½=¾ ¹%½ ®�È�¬'Æ¡¿�¿�·�À=®�È ¹21 É ¹ FÆ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ F�À ½=¾ ¿�·�¸¹ ¹%½=¾ ¸¹%¹ ¹%¾ ¬'¿�¿�¯�º'% Á ¸¹%¹ 6ʬ#» ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �À Á » ¹ =¸¹ % Á�¹%½ ® ¹ ��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ F·�¸¹ ® ¹%½=¾�¹ �»�¬ ½ �¯ ¹ �®�È�¬'¿�º ¾ · ¹ � Á º5 �¬ ½=¾ 1
�
� � � � �=� � � �
� � � � �=�( � � � � �)� � � �1�$� � � �)� � �� ������� � � � � �
� � � � �� � � � ������� � � �,�=� �� � � � � ��� � �
� �� � % � �1������� � ����%Ä�¬ ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ #=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ < ʬ!¿�· ¹%½ »=· ¹¡¹%½ ®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ ¿�À Á ·4¯/" ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬!» ¹
º ½ ¾ ¬'¯�¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ )ʬ�·�º¼&% Á�¹�¹%½ Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹2< · ¹ ¿�À0 ¹ ¬�® ¾�Á�¹ ¯�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á ·�¯¼¬�Ì�¬� ¹ » ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ Ï Â�²6±F³�± % Á º®�À ½=¾ º ¹%½=¾ » ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ � Á ·�¯ ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ P ·�¬ ½$N®%¬'º¼ 1 É ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ ʬ4¯/"ä¬'º¼» ¹ » ¹ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¹ Æ¡¿�º�·�º'% Á�¹ �»#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯¼¬4¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½!¹%¾ ¯¼¬�Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ » ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 6¿�¬��=¸¹ 1 «�¬'· ¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹2< ¯¼¬�· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ Ä ¹ =· ¹%¾ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·6¯¼¬�Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ »#" Á�½=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ʬ�¿�¬'· ¾ º�·6» ¹ �»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ G Ë�º54 Á · ¹8.1 , HD1 Ä)" º ½=¾�¹ ·�¿�·�¸¹%¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �®%¬'· ¾�¹ �Æ�¬>+®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾ » ¹ ¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼ ¹ ·�¯¼¬4�À Á ·�® ¹)¹%¾ »#" ¹%½ »=À ½�½�¹ · Á�½�¹ »=º�Æ ¹%½ �º�À ½ ®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¾ º'% Á�¹21Â@¯ ¹ ¾ ¬ Á ��º ¾ ·%ʹ �º�Æ¡¿�À�· ¾ ¬ ½=¾ » ¹ % Á ¬ ½=¾ º ? ¹ ·&¯/" ¹ ·�· ¹%Á · P ¬'º ¾�¹ Á ·�® ¹ &®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ &» ¹ &=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹
È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ GC¹ ·�· ¹%Á ·� Á ·#¯/" ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬�¿�·�À P À ½ » ¹%Á ·#¿�¬'· ¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹IHD1 Ä ¹ #· ¹%½ ¹ º54 ½�¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ <¬'º ½ �º�¬�®!% Á º¼�®�À ½ ® ¹ · ½ ¬ ½=¾ ¯ ¹ 6=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ F¿�¬��=¸¹ < ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ · ¹ ¾ · ¹ º ½ »=· ¹ ¯ ¹ ®�È�À�º�Å�» ¹ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½ ¾ *=¿ ¹ 4» ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ #¿�¬'·�Æ¡º ¾ À Á �® ¹%Á Å % Á�¹ ¯¼¬ ¾�¹ ® ¾ À ½ º'% Á�¹ ¯�À=®%¬'¯ ¹ · ¹%½ »�¯ ¹ ¿�¯ Á 4¿�·�À�Ì�¬'Ì�¯ ¹21 «�¬'·¬'º�¯�¯ ¹%Á ·� < ¯ ¹ FÌ�¬� ¹ 6» ¹ »=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹ < Æ�¬'¯54�·�¸¹ ¯ ¹ P ¬'º�Ì�¯ ¹ º ½=¾�¹ ·& �¬'¯�¯ ¹ » ¹)¾�¹ Æ¡¿�K% Á " ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ®�À Á =· ¹%½=¾!< ¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ F¿�·�¸¹ ®�º ¹%Á ¹ � Á ·�¯ ¹ F¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ �¿�·�¸¹ ®�º¼ ¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ FÆ�¸¹ ®%¬>+½ º¼�Æ ¹ �¬ Á P À * ¹ · G Ï ®�À ¾�¾ º ���6����� <�,�././.2HD1
� � � �$������� � ����% � � � ���10 ��� � � � �$� �1��������� ���� � �
Ä ¹ )Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 6¬'¿�¿�¯�º'% Á ¸¹%¹ �¬ Á Åv=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 6È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ P ·�¬ ½$N®%¬'º¼#¬'¿�¿�À�· ¾�¹%½=¾» ¹ )¸¹ ¯%¸¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ Á�¾ º�¯ ¹ Fʬ�¯/"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬��º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹�¾�¹ ¯¼�¯/" ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ ¬'º�¯�¯ ¹ » ¹ ¯¼¬6�À Á ·�® ¹¹%¾ �¬!¿�·�À P À ½ » ¹%Á · 1 Ä ¹ #»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ )Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 6»#" Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹2< ¯�À�·�&% Á " ¹ ¯�¯ ¹ ��À ½=¾�¹%½ ½ À�Æ4Ì�· ¹ ÁQ7 �¬ ½=¾!< ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ ¬ Á ��º�» ¹ »�¸¹%¾�¹ ® ¾�¹ ·�» ¹ �¿�È�¸¹%½ À�Æhʹ%½�¹ #»#"ä¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ? ®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ )¯�À=®%¬'¯ ¹ �» (Á ¡¬ Á· ¹ ¯�º ¹8P À Á ʬ4» ¹ ��À�¯¼�¿�¯ Á �Æ ¹%Á Ì�¯ ¹ 1
�5 3 � �#���'�#��� ��� � � ��+2� � � �!�.�#� ��� �� �"! � �'� � � � ���)���)���� � ��� ! � ��� � �)���'���� � � �= ����+ �
III
IVV
VIVII
VIII
Isoseismal intensity (MSK)
150
100
150
200Mean focal distance, km
23
45
67
Magnitu
de
23
45
67
Magnitu
de
������� 8.1 , 2 �����÷���¼�0� � �0� ��@�= =��� ¼�=�����0� ���©� �� ÷���@�0���%�o©���@�0��� C� ��4¨��0���¼�# =� � ��F©��÷�%§4��� ¼�0���@��� �§4���=��©��� �C� ��� ¼�=�����0� ���©��� ÷�%�'�F©��÷������� � �����6�%�=���¥�0���6�����&�÷�#���@¨���©���'���=�@���¼�0� �0����¨ � ��%���� =���÷�������÷���¼�0� =� ����¢%����� � �@A ¶ :;:�� , ¶ : ? ¯�ÀI4 G � H A ¶ : ? �������¡�������������!���0��������¨��0�� =���=�)�0���h 0�0���)©����� ��������%��� �����0��������¨��0�� =���=� ��4�÷�¡¢%�������=�) =���÷�¡§�� �0� ��@�= =�)�����÷�%�0��©���6¨��0���÷�¡�����÷���¼�0�! =�#����¢%������¨��0�=�6�����¼�=�����0� ���©���¡���������4 ÷���@�0������� �¥�'����������§��0¦0���������� =���� 0�0���)©������÷�%�'�F©��÷������� �
����� � �'�)�.�#� ��� � � ���� �#$)��� � � � � +2 ����� ���(�'& � � � �
µ�¬ ½ )® ¹ % Á ºF Á º ¾�½ À Á ¾�¹ ¾ À ½ )» ¹ 6Æ�¸¹%¾ È�À=» ¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ F¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ ¬ ½=¾ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯¼¬Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹2< ¯¼¬�¿�·�À P À ½ » ¹%Á · ¹%¾ ¯¼¬�¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼�¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ �=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ 1 É ¹%¾�¾�¹ �¸¹ ·�º ? ®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¬3¸¹%¾ ¸¹ P ¬'º ¾�¹ Á ·®�º ½ %4=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ P ·�¬ ½$N®%¬'º¼�·�¸¹ ® ¹%½=¾ ¹%¾ ¬�¸¹%¾ ¸¹ ¿ Á Ì�¯�º%¸¹%¹ �À Á �¯¼¬#·�¸¹8P ¸¹ · ¹%½ ® ¹76
� � #��� +2�.�#� ��� � � � � +2 ��� � � ���(� +�� � �#$)���)�������)� � 3 � � <� �)� � #��� � ��� � � � ��!�#$�&��)��� � ��� � �= ����+ �à 1 Ï ®�À ¾�¾ º < ´ 1 Ä ¹ =· ¹%¾!< ° 1 �6¹ · ½ ¬ ½ » ¹ M
� � ¦%� � � � ��§ � � �0��� � �F� � � ��� ��� �����I<�,�././..1���)� � � +I�
Çh¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�»�¬ ¾ ¬�¬! �¬'º�¯¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹;P À�· ? ¹ À P ¾ È ¹ Æ¡À0 ¾ · ¹ ® ¹%½=¾ Ç � � <4¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ ¾ È�¬ ¾ À=® +® Á ·�· ¹ »)º ½�¾ È ¹ «$*=· ¹%½�¹%¹ �¬ ½ »#º ½�¾ È ¹ ´6¯�¿� < ¹ · ¹ ¬ ½ ¬'¯5*.M ¹ » Á �º ½ 4 ¾ È ¹ Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·F¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ Ä ¹ =· ¹%¾· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿ ¾ À ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ » ¹ ¿ ¾ È¡¬ ½ »4Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ · ¹ �¿ ¹ ® ¾ º5 ¹ ¯5* 1 Í�È ¹ ¬'º�ÆÀ P ¾ È�º¼�¿�¬'¿ ¹ ·�º¼ ¾ À� ¹ +·�º P *4º P �º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ ¬ ½ »�·�À�Ì Á ¾ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»� Á ¹ »¡À ½ · ¹ ® ¹%½=¾ º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ Æ�¬!*#¿�·�À =º¼» ¹ ¬�4�À0À=» ¾ À0À�¯ ¾ À4®%¬'¯�º�Ì�·�¬ ¾�¹ È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º¼®%¬'¯ ¹ ¹%½=¾ �º ½ Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹21 Í�È ¹�¹ Å�® ¹ ¯�¯ ¹%½=¾ ¬ 4�· ¹%¹ Æ ¹%½=¾P À Á�½ »vÌ ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®#¬ ½ »vº ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ )�È�À�6 ¾ È�¬ ¾ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®#»�¬ ¾ ¬À P È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º¼®%¬'¯ ¹ ¹%½=¾ 6Æ�¬!*!¿�·�À =º¼» ¹4¾ È ¹ Æ ¹ ¬ ½ ¾ À!¯ ¹%½ 4 ¾ È ¹%½ ¾ È ¹ º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯�®%¬ ¾ ¬'¯�ÀI4 Á�¹ ¬ ½ »Ì ¹%¾�¾�¹ ·6®�À ½ ¾ ·�¬'º ½!¾ È ¹ · ¹ ® Á ·�· ¹%½ ® ¹ ·�¬ ¾�¹ �À P ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ �º ½ Æ¡À=» ¹ ·�¬ ¾�¹ ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�·�¬ ¾�¹ · ¹ 4�º�À ½ 1
������� 2 � �7" ��� �.�!�("������Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹ º¼¡¬v®�À Á�½=¾ ·&*�À P Æ¡À=» ¹ ·�¬ ¾�¹ º ½=¾ ·�¬'¿�¯¼¬ ¾�¹ ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ * �º ¾ È3¯�À ½ 4v· ¹%¾�Á · ½ ¿ ¹ ·�º�À=»� P À�·
» ¹ ¾ · Á ® ¾ º5 ¹�¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ 1 Í�È ¹ · ¹8P À�· ¹2<�¾ À# Á ¿�¿�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯�»�¬ ¾ ¬ �È�º¼®�È�È�¬��À ½ ¯5*�Ì ¹%¹%½¿�·�À =º¼»=º ½ 4�· ¹ ¯�º¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹ ¬ ½ »4¬�®%® Á ·�¬ ¾�¹ ¯5*)· ¹ ®�À�·�» ¹ » ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬ P À�·�¬'Ì�À Á�¾F¾ È ¹ ¯¼¬� ¾�¾ È�º�· ¾ *S* ¹ ¬'·� <¾ È ¹ ¬ ½ ¬'¯5*��º¼�À P ¾ È ¹�¹ O ¹ ® ¾ �À P ¿�¬� ¾)¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ �º¼ P Á�½ »�¬'Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ P À�·# ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�È�¬ M'¬'·�» ¬�� ¹ � +Æ ¹%½=¾!1 ÉFÀ ½ ¹ % Á�¹%½=¾ ¯5* <�¹ O À�· ¾ �È�¬! ¹ Ì ¹%¹%½ Æ�¬�» ¹¡¾ À 40¬ ¾ È ¹ ·�Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®#À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ P ·�À�ÆÀ�·�º54�º ½ ¬'¯��À Á ·�® ¹ G ¿�· ¹ ��® Á�¾�¾ º ½ 40 < ¬ ½ ®�º ¹%½=¾ Æ�¬ ½=Á �®�·�º�¿ ¾ < ÉFÈ Á ·�®�ÈvÀ�· Ï ¾ ¬ ¾�¹ ¬'·�®�È�º5 ¹ < �®�º ¹%½=¾ º +? ®#¿ Á Ì�¯�º¼®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ H · ¹ ¿�À�· ¾ º ½ 4 ¹ O ¹ ® ¾ 6À P ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ ¹ Å=¿ ¹ ·�º ¹%½ ® ¹ »¡º ½ Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹ ¬ ½ » ½�¹ º54�È=Ì�À�·�º ½ 4· ¹ 4�º�À ½ �À ¹ ·�¬#¿ ¹ ·�º�À=»�À P¤½�¹ ¬'·�¯5* ¾�¹%½ ® ¹%½=¾�Á ·�º ¹ 1Í�È ¹ ¹ À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ »�º ½ È�À�Æ¡ÀI4 ¹%½�¹ À Á �º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ º ¹ G Ç Ï B��®%¬'¯ ¹IH È�¬! ¹ Ì ¹%¹%½ º ½=¾�¹ ·R+
¿�· ¹%¾�¹ »4¬ ½ »¡®�À�Æ¡¿�º�¯ ¹ » ¾ ÀI4 ¹%¾ È ¹ · �º ¾ È¡¬'¯�¯ ¾ È ¹ »=À=® Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¾ À�®�À ½ ¾ º ¾�Á�¾�¹6¾ È ¹ Ï Â�²6±F³�±v»�¬ ¾ ¬'Ì�¬� ¹G - À=» ¹8P ·�À * ��������� <�,�./.;A")=- À=» ¹8P ·�À * ¹%¾ Ä ¹ =· ¹%¾!< ,�././0") Ä�¬'Æ4Ì ¹ · ¾�¹%¾ Ä ¹ =· ¹%¾ + ´6¯�Ì�¬'· ¹%¾!<�,�./.;=2HD1 Í�È ¹¬'º�ÆÀ P ¾ È�º¼�¿�¬'¿ ¹ ·�º¼ ¾ �À P À�¯¼» 60¾�¹ ¾ º P �º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹ ¬ ½ »4·�À�Ì Á ¾ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»��¬'¯�· ¹ ¬�».* Á ¹ »À ½ »=º O ¹ · ¹%½=¾ »�¬ ¾ ¬ ¹%¾ G ´6È�À�· ½�¹ · < ,�.;?;8") ´6Æ4Ì�·�¬� ¹ *� < ,�.;?;<") � ¬�¬ C ��������� < ,�./.;<") Ç ¹ º¼»=À� ¹%¾´6È�À�· ½�¹ · <�,�./.;<2H Æ�¬!*¡¿�·�À =º¼» ¹ ¬�4�À0À=» ¾ À0À�¯ ¾ À�®%¬'¯�º�Ì�·�¬ ¾�¹ È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º¼®%¬'¯ ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ 6¬ ½ »!º¼» ¹%½=¾ º P *¾ È ¹ ¯�º�Æ¡º ¾ �À P ¬'¿�¿�¯�º¼®%¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P¤¾ È ¹ ¹ Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»� 1
� 3 � �#���'�#��� ��� � � ��+2� � � �!�.�#� ��� �� �"! � �'� � � � ���)���)���� � ��� ! � ��� � �)���'���� � � �= ����+ �
��������� � �*���(����-!"������ � ��)7�(���0���*��������������" �!� ���±F¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * < ¯�º5C ¹ À ¾ È ¹ · ¹ Æ¡¿�º�·�º¼®%¬'¯ ¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ #À P ¿�È.*��º¼®%¬'¯F¿�È ¹%½ À�Æ ¹%½ ¬ < �È ¹%½
¬�� ¹ � ¹ » Á�½ º P À�·�Æ¡¯5*�À ½ ¬� ÁQ7 ®�º ¹%½=¾6½=Á Æ4Ì ¹ ·6À P Æ ¹ ¬� Á · ¹ Æ ¹%½0¾ ¿�À�º ½=¾ < Æ�¬!*!�È�À�· ¹ 4 Á ¯¼¬'·)· ¹ +4�º�À ½ ¬'¯&¿�¬ ¾�¾�¹ · ½ �È�º¼®�È�¬'¿�¿ ¹ ¬'· ¾ À�Ì ¹ ¬ ¾�¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ ¬'Ì�¯ ¹�¾ À ¾ È ¹ · ¹ 4 Á ¯¼¬'· �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * �º ¾ ÈP À=®%¬'¯�»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹ » Á�¹6¾ À ¹%½�¹ ·&4I*�¬'Ì��À�·�¿ ¾ º�À ½=1  ½4¾ È�º¼�®�À ½=¾�¹ Å ¾!<�¾ È ¹ »=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ À P º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ º ¹ �®%¬ ½Ì ¹6Á ¹ » ¾ À ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹:P À=®%¬'¯�» ¹ ¿ ¾ È�F¬ ½ »4Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ �À P È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º¼®%¬'¯ ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ �È ¹%½4¾ È ¹ ¹ ¬'· ¹®%¬'¯�º�Ì�·�¬ ¾�¹ »��º ¾ È�º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯�»�¬ ¾ ¬ 1
S� � +2� � �.�#� ��� � � �R��+2� � � � �=�#$)�B��ÀI ¹ �¯�º54 ¹%¾ È.* G-,�.;A21IH �È�À� ¹ » ¾ È�¬ ¾ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *�» ¹ ®�· ¹ ¬� ¹ 4· ¹ 4 Á ¯¼¬'·�¯5* �º ¾ È »=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹2< �È ¹%½
¬�� ¹ � ¹ » Á�½ º P À�·�Æ¡¯5*�À ½ ¬)�º54 ½ º ? ®%¬ ½=¾ ¯5*#¯¼¬'·&4 ¹�½=Á Æ4Ì ¹ ·�À P ¿�À�º ½=¾ 1 Í�È�º¼F®%¬ ½ Ì ¹ ¬�®%®�À Á�½=¾�¹ » P À�·FÌ.*¬ ¹ ·&*h�º�Æ¡¿�¯ ¹)¹%½�¹ ·&4I*!·�¬�»=º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ Æ¡À=» ¹ ¯�º ½ 0À�¯5 =º ½ 4¡¬¡¿�À�º ½=¾ �À Á ·�® ¹21 Í�È�º¼)¬�� Á Æ¡¿ ¾ º�À ½ ®%¬ ½ Ì ¹Æ�¬�» ¹;P À�· ¾ È ¹ ¾�Á ».*!À P Æ ¹ »=º Á Æ ¾ À!�Æ�¬'¯�¯�Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹#¹ ¹%½=¾ �À P ¯�º�Æ¡º ¾�¹ »��À Á ·�® ¹ »=º�Æ ¹%½ �º�À ½ 1Í�È ¹ ¬'Ì�À ¹ Æ¡À=» ¹ ¯ �¬��¯¼¬ ¾�¹ ·�Æ¡À=»=º ? ¹ »4Ì.* Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ · G-,�.;=;A2H ¬� P À�¯�¯�À�6 6
� � � � � � � � � ¯�ÀI4 � � � � � �#�G � � � H ¯�ÀI4 G � H G 8.1 , H�È ¹ · ¹ � � º¼ ¾ È ¹¡¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯Fº ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * < � º¼ ¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * À P ¾ È ¹ º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯�¬ ¾�¾ È ¹ P À=®%¬'¯»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹ ��À P ¾ È ¹ º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯=Æ ¹ ¬ ½ ·�¬�»=º Á G Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·�À�·�º54�º ½ ¬'¯�®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½#H À�· ¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *
À P ¾ È ¹ ¯�À=®%¬'¯�º ¾ *#¬ ¾�¾ È ¹:P À=®%¬'¯�»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹ � G ®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ º ½�¾ È�º¼� ¾�Á ».* HD1 Í�È ¹ �¬'·�º¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹� · ¹ ¿�· ¹ ¹%½=¾ ¾ È ¹ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿�Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½ » ¹ 4�· ¹%¹ 4º ½ ¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *3�®%¬'¯ ¹ ¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ ¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ �À P 4�·�À Á�½ »Æ¡À ¾ º�À ½ G Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·�¿�·�À�¿�À0 ¹ »3¬ ½�¹ Æ¡¿�º�·�º¼®%¬'¯�¯ *�À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ »� �¬'¯ Á�¹ À P 82H ) º¼ ¾ È ¹ 4 ¹ À�Æ ¹%¾ ·�º¼®%¬'¯�¿�· ¹ ¬�»=º ½ 4!®�À ¹87 ®�º ¹%½=¾ À P ¾ È ¹ �¬! ¹ ¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹�G-,;P À�·)Ì�À=».* �¬! ¹ <�A.19< P À�·) Á · P ¬�® ¹ �¬! ¹ H )�º¼ ¾ È ¹ ¬'Ì��À�·�¿ ¾ º�À ½ ®�À ¹87 ®�º ¹%½=¾�¾ È�¬ ¾ » ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »��À ½ �¬! ¹ P · ¹ % Á�¹%½ ® *4¬ ½ »!�À�º�¯�®�À ½ »=º ¾ º�À ½ �¬ ½ » � º¼¾ È ¹ P À=®%¬'¯�» ¹ ¿ ¾ È 1  ½ P ¬�® ¾!<&¾ È ¹ ¯¼¬ o» ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »�) ¾ ·�À ½ 4�¯5*hÀ ½v¾ È ¹ ? ·� ¾)¾�¹ ·�Æ�¬ ½ » ¿�¬'· ¾ º¼® Á ¯¼¬'·�¯5*�À ½¾ È ¹ ¿�·�À=» Á ® ¾ � G ®%¬'¯�¯ ¹ »!º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * P ¬�® ¾ À�· H �È�º¼®�È » ¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½�¹ ¾ È ¹ 4 ¹ À�Æ ¹%¾ ·�º¼®%¬'¯�¬ ¾�¾�¹%½=Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½=1´6Æ4Ì�·�¬� ¹ *� G-,�.;?;<2H �È�À� ¹ » ¾ È�¬ ¾6¾ È ¹ % Á ¬ ½=¾ º ¾ * � È�¬�A �¬'¯ Á�¹ �·�¬ ½ 4�º ½ 44Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½�, ¶ 0 ¬ ½ » : ¶ =P À�·#¬! ¹%¾ À P »�¬ ¾ ¬�À P ½ À�· ¾ È ¹ ¾�¹ · ½ ± Á ·�À�¿ ¹ ¬ ½v¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ 1 Í�È ¹ » ¹ ·�º5 �¬ ¾ º5 ¹ À P ¹ % Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ 8.1 ,�È�À�6 ¾ È�¬ ¾#¾ È ¹ » ¹ ®�· ¹ ¬� ¹ º ½ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * � �¬'·�º ¹ )¬�#¬ P Á�½ ® ¾ º�À ½ À P ¾ È ¹ � � � ·�¬ ¾ º�À G �È ¹ · ¹ � º¼¾ È ¹#¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯&»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹IHD1  ½�¾ È ¹;P ¬'· ? ¹ ¯¼» G ¯¼¬'·&4 ¹ � � � HD< � � �¬'·�º ¹ 6�¯�À��¯5* �º ¾ Èh» ¹ ¿ ¾ È 1  ½!¾ È ¹½�¹ ¬'· ? ¹ ¯¼» <QP À�· ¾ È ¹ ®%¬� ¹ À P ¬4�È�¬'¯�¯�À� P À=® Á ¹ ¹%½=¾0G � � ��� , ¬ ½ » , � ��� �$HD<�¾ È ¹ �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P� º¼�º ½ » ¹ ¿ ¹%½ » ¹%½=¾ À P � ¬ ½ » � � À ½ ¯5* �¬'·�º ¹ �º ¾ Èh» ¹ ¿ ¾ È 1 Ë�À�· ¾ È ¹ ®%¬� ¹ À P ¬4» ¹%¹ ¿ P À=® Á ¹ ¹%½=¾¾ È ¹ · ¹ º¼ ½ À¡�º54 ½ º ? ®%¬ ½=¾ �¬'·�º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P � ��1  ½�¾ È ¹ P ¬'· ? ¹ ¯¼»�¬ ½ » P À�·�¬�» ¹%¹ ¿ P À=® Á G � � ��� , ¬ ½ », � �� �$HD< � � �À Á ¯¼»!» ¹ ¿ ¹%½ »¡À ½ � À ½ ¯5*¡º P � � , � � < �È�º¼®�È�º¼ ½ À ¾6¾ È ¹ ®%¬� ¹ º ½ ¬4®�À ½=¾�¹ Å ¾ À Pº ½=¾ ·�¬'¿�¯¼¬ ¾�¹ ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ * �È ¹ · ¹ � º¼6¯ ¹ � ¾ È�¬ ½,8;A C=Æ 1  ¾ º¼ ¾ È ¹ · ¹8P À�· ¹ �È�À� ½ ¾ È�¬ ¾�¾ È ¹ » ¹ ®�· ¹ ¬� ¹º ½ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *#º¼FÆ Á ®�È�Æ¡À�· ¹ » ¹ ¿ ¹%½ » ¹%½=¾ À ½�¾ È ¹ » ¹ ¿ ¾ È¡À P)P À=® Á ¾ È�¬ ½ À ½�¾ È ¹ ¬'Ì��À�·�¿ ¾ º�À ½ Ì.* ¾ È ¹�À�º�¯ G �$HD< ¿�¬'· ¾ º¼® Á ¯¼¬'·�¯5*�º ½h¾ È ¹4½�¹ ¬'· ? ¹ ¯¼» 1 ´o ¾�Á ».* �¬�)®%¬'·�·�º ¹ »!À Á�¾ À ½ ¬¡¯¼¬'·&4 ¹ ¹%¾ À P Ë�· ¹%½ ®�È
����� � �'�)�.�#� ��� � � ���� �#$)��� � � � � +2 ����� ���(�'& � � � �
¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ P À�· �È�º¼®�È¡¬'Ì Á�½ »�¬ ½=¾ ¬ ½ »4· ¹ ¯�º¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�»�¬ ¾ ¬ �¬��¬! �¬'º�¯¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹2< º ½ À�·�» ¹ · ¾ À» ¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½�¹�¾ È ¹ P À=®%¬'¯�» ¹ ¿ ¾ È� G Ä ¹ =· ¹%¾���������� <�,�./.>:.HD1 Í�È ¹ · ¹ Á ¯ ¾ �À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ »¡º ½ »=º¼®%¬ ¾�¹�¾ È�¬ ¾ Æ¡À�· ¹¾ È�¬ ½ 1>A�� À P ¾ È ¹ P À=®�º&À P ¾ È ¹�, : A�¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ � ¾�Á »=º ¹ »¡È�¬! ¹ ¬ P À=®%¬'¯�» ¹ ¿ ¾ È�¯ ¹ � ¾ È�¬ ½�,�0 C=Æ 1
� � � � #�(� �)�.�#� ����� ��� � �#���'�#��� � 46� ��� � �)���'�6%�46��� � � ����+ � � � �.�#� ���)��$�� � ½�¾ È ¹ ¾�Á ».*¡Æ ¹%½=¾ º�À ½�¹ »¡¬'Ì�À ¹�G Ä ¹ =· ¹%¾���������� <�,�./.>:.HD< ¬�· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿ �¬� ¹ ¾ ¬'Ì�¯�º¼�È ¹ »¡À ½
1>8 · ¹ ®�À�·�» ¹ » ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ P À�· �È�º¼®�È!Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�»�¬ ¾ ¬¡¬� ¹ ¯�¯�¬��º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯�Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹G � � Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½,8 ¶ 84¾ À = ¶ 82H ¹ · ¹ ¬! �¬'º�¯¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹21 ÉFÀ�Æ4Ì�º ½ º ½ 4 ¾ È ¹�¹%½�¹ ·&4I*!·�¬�»=º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ Æ¡À=» ¹ ¯ Á ¹ »!Ì.*Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ · G-,�.;=;A2H ¬ ½ »B)¬'· ½ ¸ C G-,�.;=/.2H �º ¾ È ¾ È ¹ ²�º¼®�È ¾�¹ · G-,�.;<;?2H · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½4¾ È ¹6¹%½�¹ ·&4I*· ¹ ¯ ¹ ¬� ¹ »¡¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹2< ¬#¯�º ½�¹ ¬'·�· ¹ 4�· ¹ ��º�À ½ G ¯ ¹ ¬� ¾ &% Á ¬'· ¹ Æ ¹%¾ È�À=» H �¬� ¹ ¾ ¬'Ì�¯�º¼�È ¹ »4À ½¾ È ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬4 ¹%¾!1 Í�È ¹ Ì�¬��º¼®�· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ º¼ 6
� � � � �� ¯�ÀI4 G � H �� � � G 8.1 02H
�È ¹ · ¹ �Yº¼ ¾ È ¹ Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ ¬ ½ » � º¼ ¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *)À P ¾ È ¹ º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯�¬ ¾�¾ È ¹ P À=®%¬'¯�»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹²�À P ¾ È ¹ Æ ¹ ¬ ½ ·�¬�»=º Á G º ½ C=Æ HD1 ² ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ 8.1 0 º¼= �¬'¯�º¼»�¬ ¾�¾ È ¹�¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾�¹ · �È ¹ · ¹ º ¾ ®%¬ ½ Ì ¹ �·�º ¾�¾�¹%½¬� 6
� � � � � �� ¯�ÀI4 G � H �� � � G 8.1982H�È ¹ · ¹ � º¼ ¾ È ¹ P À=®%¬'¯�» ¹ ¿ ¾ È¡¬ ½ »¡Â@À ¾ È ¹6¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯�º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * 1 Í�È ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬# ¹%¾ ®�À Á ¯¼» ¾ È ¹ · ¹8P À�· ¹
Ì ¹ Á ¿�¿�¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹ »�Ì.* ¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯�»�¬ ¾ ¬ 6�¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯�º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *!¬ ½ » P À=®%¬'¯�»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹ À P ¾ È ¹ ¬���ÀL+®�º¼¬ ¾�¹ »4º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯�À P Æ�¬'Å=º�Æ Á ƺ ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * 1 � È ¹%½�¾ È�º¼� �¬'¯ Á�¹ º¼ Á�½ C ½ À� ½=< º ¾ º¼�¬�� Á Æ ¹ » ¾ À�Ì ¹¹ % Á ¬'¯ ¾ À ¾ È ¹ » ¹ ¿ ¾ È 6�¹21 4 1(< C=Æ P À�· � ��< C=Æ <�, A C=Æ P À�· � � , A C=Æ <=¹%¾ ® 1 HD1 ÉFÀ�Æ4Ì�º ½ º ½ 4 8.1 0¬ ½ » 8.198 ¬ ½�¹ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿�º¼�À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ » 6
� � � � � ��¯�ÀI4 � � � � �� G � � � H G 8.1 :.H
�È�º¼®�È�®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ »� ¾ À ¾ È ¹ Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·6· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿ 8.1 ,I1  ½ Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹2<=¹ O ¹ ® ¾ �À P ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹¬'· ¹ À P ¾�¹%½ À P ¯�º�Æ¡º ¾�¹ » ¹ Å ¾�¹%½=¾!< º ½ »=º¼®%¬ ¾ º ½ 4 ¾ È�¬ ¾�¾ È ¹ Æ�¬ 9 À�·�º ¾ *�À P ®%¬� ¹ �º ½ 0À�¯5 ¹ À ½ ¯5*¡�È�¬'¯�¯�À� P À=®�ºG ��� ,�0 C=Æ H�¹ ¹%½=¾ 1 ´�6¬#· ¹ Á ¯ ¾!<�¾ È ¹ ¬'Ì��À�·�¿ ¾ º�À ½ ®�À ¹87 ®�º ¹%½=¾#� º ½ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ 8.1 , º¼K ¹ ·&*¡�Æ�¬'¯�¯G À ½4¾ È ¹ À�·�» ¹ ·FÀ P , A � � C=Æ � � HD1  ¾ º¼ ¾ È ¹ · ¹8P À�· ¹ ¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹6¾ À �·�º ¾�¹2< Ì.*��¬!*�À P ¬ ½ ¬'¿�¿�·�À'Å=º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½=<¾ È�¬ ¾�¾ È ¹ ®�À ¹87 ®�º ¹%½=¾ À P ¿�·�À�¿�À�· ¾ º�À ½ ¬'¯�º ¾ *¡Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½4¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *4¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ ¬'Æ¡¿�¯�º ¾�Á » ¹ À P Æ¡À ¾ º�À ½º¼ G º ½�¾ È ¹ ®%¬� ¹ À P Ì�À=».* �¬! ¹ H 6 ��� � � ��1 Í�È ¹ · ¹ Á ¯ ¾ �À P¤¾ È ¹ · ¹ 4�· ¹ ��º�À ½ ®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ P À�· 0;<;? �¬'¯ Á�¹ FÀ P  G E Â�Â� ¾ À4Â�Â� H ¬ ½ »�² G P ·�À�Æ 1�¾ À 8;?;A C=Æ H �È�À� ¾ È�¬ ¾�¾ È ¹6¾�¹ ·�Æ � � º ½4¹ % Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ 8.1 0º¼ ½ À ¾ �º54 ½ º ? ®%¬ ½=¾ ¯5*4»=º O ¹ · ¹%½=¾ P ·�À�Æ M ¹ ·�À < �À ¾ È ¹ · ¹ Á ¯ ¾ ¹ · ¹ À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ »�À ½¡¾ È ¹ �º�Æ¡¿�¯�º ? ¹ » P À�·�ÆG Ë�º54 Á · ¹8.1 02HD1
� �$A ¶ :;:�� , ¶ : ? ¯�ÀI4 G � H A ¶ : ?�� G� �&A ¶ :.H G 8.19<2H
� 3 � �#���'�#��� ��� � � ��+2� � � �!�.�#� ��� �� �"! � �'� � � � ���)���)���� � ��� ! � ��� � �)���'���� � � �= ����+ �
������� 8.1 0 2 � �0� ��@�= =��� ¼�=�����0� ��@¦ �� ÷���@�0���%� �����÷���¼�0�0� � ¨������@�0��� ÷� � �� 3�0� � v�������0�� =�� v���0��� � ��%�=���0��� �C� ��� ÷�%�'�'��÷�%§�����¼�=�����0� ��C��� � � � �0���@���=§4���=�@���6§�� �0� ��@�= =���!�0�� �¥�'������ ÷���@�0�������!� � � � �§4���0� ÷�%�'�'��÷�%§��������0 � �@�%���'���'��� � �0����¨������'���=���� �¥�0�#����� ÷�%�'�'��÷�%§���� ¼�=�����0� ��C��� ��� � �0�� �� � ���� � ¼��¢'����� ¼�0� �%�=��¢'� �C� ¼��� ��� �� � ��¼� ¼�� ¼¢ ¼ 0�=�������0� =������� ¼�=������¢%��� �@ 0���C���� � ÷�h�����÷�%�0�÷������ � �� � � � ������¢%�����������÷���¼�0�0� � ¨ � �&A ¶ :;:�� , ¶ : ? ¯�ÀI4 G � H A ¶ : ? �
����� � �'�)�.�#� ��� � � ���� �#$)��� � � � � +2 ����� ���(�'& � � � �
����� � 8.1 , 2 � �0§6¨��0��÷�%�0��� � � � � ¼�0���@���=§4���=�@�����0�� �§��0�%���'�'��÷�%§�¼�#¢%���÷�������0� �¥�'�����& =�@¨�� � �0�� §�� �0� ��@�= =��� � ���0��� � �%�=���0��� �±F¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ µ�¬ ¾�¹ Çh¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®  ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ Ç�� Ç �» ¹ ¿ ¾ È » ¹ ¿ ¾ È Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼® º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯Ï � «�¬ Á ¯�Ë ¹%½=1 A/0 � , ? � .;= <�¾ À . C=Æ =�¾ À ,/, C=Æ � :�1 .#¾ À < <�¾ À <.19= �´6· Á ».* A/0 � 0/. � ?;A :4¾ À ,/, C=Æ :4¾ À = C=Æ � <.1 ,�¾ À <.198 <.1 ,)¾ À <.1 1 �´6· ¹%¾�¾�¹ A;? � , 8 � =21 8�¾ À : C=Æ <�¾ À 1 C=Æ <.1 0 <.19< ´ ½�½�¹ ® * A21 � , < � .;= 8�¾ À < C=Æ 8�¾ À : C=Æ � :�19=#¾ À :�1 1 :�19<�¾ À <.19< �
-�� + °�À�· ½ ¬ ½ » ,�0 � , : � .>: 8�¾ À 1 C=Æ , A.1 : ��, C=Æ � :�19= <.1 , �² ¹8P ¹ · ¹%½ ® ¹ 6 � ²�º54�À ���3����� <�,�./.21 )
�- ¬ 4 ½�¹ ¿�¬'º ½ + ° ¹ * ½�¹ º�Å ���3����� <�,�.;?/0") � À0¬ ½ 4.Í&·�À ½ 4 ¹%¾
²�À Á ¯¼¬ ½ » <�,�.212, ) ��Í�È�À Á ¹%½ À ¾4��������� <�,�./.;?") ��Ë�·�¸¹ ®�È ¹%¾#��������� <�,�./.;=
��������� �,�����.��)1"������ � ����" �!� ��� ��� � �!� " �(����� �7"�)7%��*)1��" �! !�!)��0�*�
Í�È ¹ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»�6» ¹ �®�·�º�Ì ¹ »�¬'Ì�À ¹ È�¬! ¹ Ì ¹%¹%½ ¹ ·�º ? ¹ »4À ½ · ¹ ® ¹%½=¾�¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ À P Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ 4�· ¹ ¬ ¾�¹ · ¾ È�¬ ½�<6¾ È�¬ ¾ À=®%® Á ·�· ¹ »#º ½�¾ �À�· ¹ 4�º�À ½ 6�¾ È ¹ Ë�· ¹%½ ®�È�´6¯�¿��¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ Ë�· ¹%½ ®�È«$*=· ¹%½�¹%¹ 1
�=���)#+ � ����� � � � � � � �'+2� � � � � � � ��+ � �F��� � �!��� � � ��� � � ��$)��� � �
Í�È ¹ 3 Á ¯5* , <.<�,�./.;= ´ ½�½�¹ ® * ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ À=®%® Á ·�· ¹ »�º ½!¾ È ¹ Ë�· ¹%½ ®�È!´6¯�¿�6¬'¯�À ½ 4 ¾ È ¹SEFÁ ¬�®�È ¹P ¬ Á ¯ ¾!1 Í�È ¹ º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯�» ¹ ¿ ¾ È ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ º ½ »=º¼®%¬ ¾�¹ �¬��È�¬'¯�¯�À� È.*=¿�À=® ¹%½=¾�¹ · 1 Í�È ¹ % Á�¹ ¾ º�À ½ ·�¬'º¼ ¹ »Ì.* ¾ È�º¼ ¹ ¹%½=¾ º¼ �È ¹%¾ È ¹ · ¾ È ¹ EFÁ ¬�®�È ¹ P ¬ Á ¯ ¾!< ¬v®�À ½ �¿�º¼® Á À Á ¡³ � + Ï ± ¾ · ¹%½ »=º ½ 4v¯ ¹8P ¾ + ¯¼¬ ¾�¹ ·�¬'¯ ¾ ·�º5C ¹ + �¯�º�¿ P ¬ Á ¯ ¾!< º¼�¬# Á ¿ ¹ ·R? ®�º¼¬'¯�À�·�¬)®�· Á ¾ ¬'¯ P ¹ ¬ ¾�Á · ¹�G Í�È�À Á ¹%½ À ¾)���F����� <�,�./.;?2HD1 ´�®%®�À�·�»=º ½ 4 ¾ À¬)¿�· ¹ ¯�º�Æ¡º ½ ¬'·&*# ¾�Á ».* G Ï ®�À ¾�¾ º <�,�./.;?2H ¬ ¾ ¯ ¹ ¬� ¾�¾ �À ¹ ¬'·�¯�º ¹ · ¹ ¹%½=¾ < Ë�·�¬ ½ 4I* G-,�.;8;=2H ¬ ½ »�Ë�¬! ¹ ·&4 ¹ G-,�.;?;A2HD< ®%¬ ½ Ì ¹ ¬ ¾�¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾�¹ » ¾ À ¾ È ¹ EFÁ ¬�®�È ¹ P ¬ Á ¯ ¾ ¬ ½ »�¬'· ¹ �È�¬'¯�¯�À� P À=® Á ¹ ¹%½=¾ 1 Â��À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯�È�¬'¿ ¹ )»=·�¬ ½ P À�· ¾ È ¹ Æ¡À0 ¾ · ¹ ® ¹%½=¾ ´ ½�½�¹ ® * ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ �È�À��º ½h¾ È ¹�½�¹ ¬'· ? ¹ ¯¼»!¬�4 ¹ À�Æ ¹%¾ ·&*®�À ½=¾ ·�À�¯�¯ ¹ »�Ì.* ¾ È ¹ �À Á ·�® ¹�G Ë�º54 Á · ¹�8.1982H ¬ ½ »4º ½¡¾ È ¹ P ¬'· ? ¹ ¯¼» < º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯¼F�È�¬'¿ ¹ �®�À ½=¾ ·�À�¯�¯ ¹ »�Ì.*¾ È ¹ Á ¿ ¹ ·R? ®�º¼¬'¯=4 ¹ À�¯�ÀI4�º¼®%¬'¯ P À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ 1Í�È ¹ »=º¼ ¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾ º�À ½ À P ¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ º ¹ P À�· ¾ È ¹ · ¹ ® ¹%½=¾ «$*=· ¹%½�¹ ¬ ½!¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ À P Ï ¬'º ½=¾ + «�¬ Á ¯ +
» ¹ + Ë ¹%½ À Á º�¯�¯ ¹%¾FG-,�./.;=2H �È�À�6 ¹ Å ¾�¹%½ » ¹ » ¹ O ¹ ® ¾ �º ½ »=º¼®%¬ ¾ º ½ 4!¬!» ¹%¹ ¿ ¹ · P À=® Á < ¿�· ¹ Á Æ�¬'Ì�¯5*!À ½ ¬·�¬'Æ¡¿ ¾ · Á ® ¾�Á · ¹ À P ¾ È ¹ ³6À�· ¾ È+«$*=· ¹%½�¹ ¬ ½ Ë�·�À ½=¾ ¬'¯)Í�È�· Á ¾ G ²�º54�À ���¡����� <�,�./.21IHD1  ½�¾ È ¹ P ¬'·? ¹ ¯¼» < º ½ Ï ¿�¬'º ½=<�¾ È ¹ ¾ ·�À ½ 4�À�·�º ¹%½=¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P ¾ È ¹ º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯¼�º ½h¾ È ¹ »=º�· ¹ ® ¾ º�À ½ Ï � Ì ¹ *0À ½ » ¾ È ¹«$*=· ¹%½�¹ ¬ ½ Æ¡À Á�½=¾ ¬'º ½ �Æ�¬!*4Ì ¹ » Á�¹#¾ À�4 ¹ À�¯�ÀI4�º¼®%¬'¯�®�À ½ »=º ¾ º�À ½ �Ì Á�¾ ¬'¯¼�À ¾ À¡¬4»=º O ¹ · ¹%½=¾ »�¬ ¾ ¬¡ ¹%¾¬ ½ »!º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * ¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½=1 Ï º�Æ¡º�¯¼¬'·��È�¬'¿ ¹ �¬'· ¹ À�Ì� ¹ ·& ¹ » P À�· ¾ È ¹#¾ �À4¯¼¬'·&4 ¹#¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ ¾ È�¬ ¾À=®%® Á · ¹ »¡º ½�¾ È ¹ ¹ ¾�¹ · ½ ¿�¬'· ¾ À P¤¾ È ¹ «$*=· ¹%½�¹%¹ �Æ¡À Á�½=¾ ¬'º ½ 6 ´6· Á ».* <�,�.;?;A ¬ ½ »!´6· ¹%¾�¾�¹2< ,�.;=2121
� 3 � �#���'�#��� ��� � � ��+2� � � �!�.�#� ��� �� �"! � �'� � � � ���)���)���� � ��� ! � ��� � �)���'���� � � �= ����+ �
������� 8.198 2 �0�%���'�'��÷�%§�¼��§���¨4� �¤� � � ���������%¦#���0��� � �%�=���0� ��� ���������������=��� � ��� ��÷�%�'�'��÷�%§���� ���0��� 0��� �����0�����0�� ¼���#�@��� � � ¼�=�����0� ��@¦4�0���'����¢'�� ¼�¡� � ���÷�'����� ��C���'ª&�����0� ���÷ ÷�%�'�'��÷�%§������ � ��¨���� �¥�0�¼�=�����0� ��C��� � � � �0�� � � �0���6���0�=�@���������� 4�%¦#� � ����� ��� � ���=�0� � � �¥�0�0�ä�F�0� � � ¼� � � � �)���0��� � �%�=���0��'���%�=������ �� �¥�0� ���÷ ÷�%�'�'��÷�%§������ � ��¨�������� ÷�� 0��� ����¼� �0����¦�� �0���F§�� ¼�=�÷¦����0�=�@���������� #�%¦ �=�����÷��� ¼��������0�� ��¼�0�0��� � �%�%¨����� � ¼���&�÷�0¦0����� �
����� � �'�)�.�#� ��� � � ���� �#$)��� � � � � +2 ����� ���(�'& � � � �
�=��+2� � � � �=�#$�+2� � +2� � �.�#� ���Í�È ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·�¡À P ¾ È ¹ Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·h· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿ G ±�% Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ 8.1 , H ¬'· ¹v¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ »3Ì.* ¬
¯ ¹ ¬� ¾ + &% Á ¬'· ¹ �º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½vÁ �º ½ 4 < Ì�À ¾ È ¾ È ¹ º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯�·�¬�»=º�º G &% Á ¬'· ¹IH ¬ ½ »3¬'¯�¯ ¾ È ¹ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼ +Æ¡º¼®4À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ G ¾ ¬'· HD1 Í�È ¹ » ¹ ¿ ¾ È ¬� ¹ ¯�¯6¬� � ¬ ½ » � ¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·�4¬'· ¹ ¬�» 9 Á ¾�¹ » ¾ À ? ¾¾ È ¹ ® Á ·& ¹ · ¹ ¿�· ¹ ¹%½=¾ º ½ 4 ¾ È ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬ 1 º ½ » ¹ Å=º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½¡¹%½ 4�·�º�¯�¯ ¹ ´ 4�·�º¼»! ¹ ¬'·�®�È�º¼ Á ¹ » ¾ À ¹ Å=¿�¯�À�· ¹¾ È ¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ �¿�¬�® ¹ 4�¯�À�Ì�¬'¯�¯5* 1 ±F¬�®�Èh¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·6º¼)¬'¯�¯�À� ¹ » ¾ À �¬'·&*!Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½h¾ �À¡¯�º�Æ¡º ¾ �¬'¯ Á�¹ � � , A � � ��, A � � � � � < � � , � < �/< ¬ ½ » � � A � 8;A �� 61 Í�È ¹ Æ¡º¼ ? ¾ P Á�½ ® ¾ º�À ½�Á ¹ » º ½�¾ È�º¼º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ º¼ ¾ È ¹ � � ½ À�·�Æ�Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½!¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *!®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯¼¬ ¾�¹ » �º ¾ È ¾ È ¹ Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·)¯¼¬ P À�·)¬4�º5 ¹%½¡¾ ·�º�¿�¯ ¹%¾�G � � � � � H ¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ ®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ »=º ½ 4¡»�¬ ¾ ¬ <�¹ º ¾ È ¹ ·�º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯�¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·�FÀ�·�¬'¯�¯ ¾ È ¹Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�»�¬ ¾ ¬ 1  ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ º ½v¾ È ¹ ¯ ¹ ¬� ¾ + &% Á ¬'· ¹ 4 ¹%½ ¹ ¯ ¹ ¬�»� ¾ À ¾ È ¹ À�¿ ¾ º�Æ Á ÆÎ�À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½=1Í�È ¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ º¼��È�À� ½ º ½ Ë�º54 Á · ¹ 8.1 : À ½ ¯5* P À�· ¾ È ¹ �¬'¯ Á�¹ À P � ®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ »=º ½ 4 ¾ À ¾ È ¹ ¯ ¹ ¬� ¾&% Á ¬'· ¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ À ½!¾ È ¹ »�¬ ¾ ¬�¿�À�º ½=¾ 1Í�È ¹ 4�·�º¼»¡ ¹ ¬'·�®�È4ÀLO ¹ ·� ¾ È ¹ ¿�À0��º�Ì�º�¯�º ¾ * ¾ À4» ¹ ? ½�¹6¾ È ¹ �È�¬'¿ ¹ À P ¾ È ¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ »=À�Æ�¬'º ½ º ½¡¾ È ¹
¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·F�¿�¬�® ¹21 Í�È ¹ Ì�¯¼¬�®DC ¾ À�4�· ¹ *�· ¹ 4�º�À ½ �· ¹ ¿�· ¹ ¹%½=¾ 0;A �< : A � ¬ ½ » =;A � º ½ ®�· ¹ ¬� ¹ º ½4¾ È ¹Æ¡º¼ ? ¾6¾ À!¬'¯�¯�Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®�»�¬ ¾ ¬¡¿�À�º ½=¾ �È ¹%½ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'· ¹ » ¾ À ¾ È ¹ Æ¡º¼ ? ¾ À P ¾ È ¹ Ì ¹ ¾ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½������ � G ¾ ¬'·�º ½ Ë�º54 Á · ¹8.1 :.H�6
º ½ ®�· ¹ ¬� ¹ À P Æ¡º¼ ? ¾0G ��H�� , A;A �������� ������� � G 8.19=2HÍ�È�º¼�Æ ¹ ¬ ½ ¾ È�¬ ¾ ¬'¯�¯F�À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ �º ¾ È�º ½h¾ È ¹ Ì�¯¼¬�®DC�· ¹ 4�º�À ½=< P À�· ¹ Å ¹ Æ¡¿�¯ ¹2< È�¬! ¹ À ½ ¯5*h¬ 0;A��
º ½ ®�· ¹ �¬� ¹ º ½�¾ È ¹ Æ¡º¼ ? ¾ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'· ¹ » ¾ À ¾ È ¹ Ì ¹ ¾ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½=1 Í�È ¹ �¬'·�º¼¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ *vº ½3¾ È ¹ �È�¬'¿ ¹ À P¾ È ¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ º�Æ¡¿�¯�º ¹ �¬ �¬'·�º¼¬'Ì�¯ ¹ » ¹ 4�· ¹%¹ À P ¹%½ �º ¾ º5 =º ¾ *�À P ¾ È ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·� ¾ À!®�È�¬ ½ 4 ¹ �º ½ ¾ È ¹? ¾)¾ À ¾ È ¹ Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·)· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿ 1  ¾ ¹%¹ Æ��®�¯ ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�¬ ¾ P À�·#¬'¯�¯F�È�¬'¿ ¹ < ¬�®�À�·�· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½h¹ Å=º¼ ¾ Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½!¾ È ¹�¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P ¾ È ¹ � ¬ ½ » � ¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·� 1 Í�È�º¼6· ¹ » Á ® ¹ 6�À�Æ ¹ �È�¬ ¾�¾ È ¹ ¿�È.*��º¼®%¬'¯Æ ¹ ¬ ½ º ½ 4 ¾ È�¬ ¾ Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·4¬ ¾�¾ ·�º�Ì Á�¾�¹ » ¾ À �#1 ³ ¹ ¹ · ¾ È ¹ ¯ ¹ � < ¹ ®%¬ ½ À�Ì� ¹ ·& ¹¡¾ È�¬ ¾ · ¹ ¬��À ½ ¬'Ì�¯ ¹G 0;A�� ®�À ½=¾ À Á ·�¯�º ½�¹ H �¬'¯ Á�¹ FÀ P � G Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½ 0 ¬ ½ » :.H ¯ ¹ ¬�» ¾ À#¿�È.*��º¼®%¬'¯�¯5*�· ¹ ¬��À ½ ¬'Ì�¯ ¹ �¬'¯ Á�¹ FÀ PÈ G � , A C=Æ HD1 Í�È ¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ »=À�Æ�¬'º ½ º¼�Ì ¹%¾�¾�¹ ·F®�À ½ ¾ ·�¬'º ½�¹ » P À�·�´ ½�½�¹ ® *)Ì ¹ ®%¬ Á ¹ º ¾ º¼�¬)�È�¬'¯�¯�À�¹ ¹%½=¾0G È � < C=Æ H ¬ ½ » ¾ È ¹ · ¹ ¬'· ¹ ¬4 ÁQ7 ®�º ¹%½=¾�½=Á Æ4Ì ¹ ·�À P »�¬ ¾ ¬4¿�À�º ½=¾ �º ½�¾ È ¹#¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯&¬'· ¹ ¬¾ ÀvÌ ¹%¾�¾�¹ ·�®�À ½ ¾ ·�¬'º ½ �#1 Ë�À�·�» ¹%¹ ¿ ¹ · ¹ ¹%½=¾ G 4�· ¹ ¬ ¾�¹ · ¾ È�¬ ½&< C=Æ HD<�¾ È ¹ Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·¡· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½®%¬ ½�½ À ¾ »=º¼ ¾ º ½ 4 Á º¼�È¡Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½ ¬ ½¡¹ ¹%½=¾ ¬ ¾ ¬�» ¹ ¿ ¾ È4À P < À�·�À ½�¹ ¬ ¾�, A C=Æ 1 Í�È�º¼�®%¬ ½ Ì ¹ ¹%¹%½ ¬ ¾- ·�¬ ½ »!°�À�· ½ ¬ ½ » < ´6· Á ».*�¬ ½ » Ï ¾ «�¬ Á ¯�» ¹ Ë ¹%½ À Á º�¯�¯ ¹%¾!< �È ¹ · ¹ » ¹ ¿ ¾ È �¬'¯ Á�¹ �®%¬ ½ �¬'·&*�Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½0 ¬ ½ » , A C=Æuº ½ ¾ È ¹�0;A�� ®�À ½=¾ À Á ·)¯�º ½�¹21 Í�È�º¼ Á�½ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½=¾ *�º¼�¬'¯¼�À�· ¹ � ¹ ® ¾�¹ »!º ½h¾ È ¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ »��º ¾ È ¾ È ¹ º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯�¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·� G &% Á ¬'· ¹ �º ½ Ë�º54 Á · ¹.8.1 :.HD1 Ë�À�· ¾ È ¹S- ·�¬ ½ »!°�À�· ½ ¬ ½ »¬ ½ »3´6· Á ».* ¹ ¹%½=¾ <&¾ È ¹ &% Á ¬'· ¹ F4�º5 ¹ % Á º ¾�¹ »=º O ¹ · ¹%½=¾ �¬'¯ Á�¹ �À P � ¬ ½ » � ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'· ¹ » ¾ À ¾ È ¹ ¾ ¬'·� 1 ³ ¹ ¹ · ¾ È ¹ ¯ ¹ � < �º ¾ È ¾ È ¹4¹ Å�® ¹ ¿ ¾ º�À ½ À P - ·�¬ ½ »v°�À�· ½ ¬ ½ » <�¾ È ¹ * P ¬'¯�¯�º ½ ¾ È ¹ Ì�¯¼¬�®DCh· ¹ 4�º�À ½®�À�·�· ¹ �¿�À ½ »=º ½ 4 ¾ À�¬ 0;A � º ½ ®�· ¹ ¬� ¹ º ½4¾ È ¹ ¾ ¬ ½ »�¬'·�»�» ¹ =º¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'· ¹ » ¾ À ¾ È ¹ Ì ¹ ¾ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½=1� ¹ ¿�·�À�¿�À0 ¹�¾ È ¹ · ¹8P À�· ¹F¾ À Á ¹�¾ È ¹ ¹�¾ �À�Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»� ¾ À ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹�¾ È ¹ ! !�¹ ·�·�À�· " " À ½#¾ È ¹�¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P¾ È ¹ » ¹ ¿ ¾ È � ¬ ½ » ¹ Å=¿�¬ ½ �º�À ½ ®�À ¹87 ®�º ¹%½=¾ � G Í�¬'Ì�¯ ¹.8.1 , HD1 Í�È ¹�� ®�À ¹87 ®�º ¹%½=¾!< À ½¡¾ È ¹ À ¾ È ¹ ·�È�¬ ½ » <
� � 3 � �#���'�#��� ��� � � ��+2� � � �!�.�#� ��� �� �"! � �'� � � � ���)���)���� � ��� ! � ��� � �)���'���� � � �= ����+ �
a. Annecy earthquake
0
10
20
30
h, k
m
1 2 3 4 5k
2040
60
80
200
200
400
400
600
0 20 40 60increase of misfit on the data compared to the misfit of the the best solution (%)
α = 0.00001
b. Saint-Paul de Fenouillet earthquake
0
10
20
30
h. k
m
1 2 3 4 5k
2040
60
80
200
200 400
600
α = 0.001
c. The Grand-Bornand earthquake
0
10
20
30
h, k
m
1 2 3 4 5k
2040
60
80
200200
400600
α = 0.00001
d. Arudy earthquake
0
10
20
30h,
km
1 2 3 4 5k
2040
200200
400 600
α = 0.00001
������� 8.1 : 2 �����÷�0�¼�0�0���0����� � � ��� �¥�0�)� � ��� �0��§ � � � � ¼¢'�����%¦¡� � �4���������%���÷�0�¼�0�v�0�h� � �4 0���@�¨�� ¼�=�¼� � � �v� � � �0����¦!��� � ¼�0�3���0� � ���0�=�@�0�=�4� ¼�������@¨������'���=�¼�¡�h����� ¼���%�����'�'� ¼�v� � �4���@�0�� 0�0�� =��¢ ¼���¼�0�3�0��������� � �¡§��0�%���'�'��÷�%§�¼�¡ 0���@�h���0§6¨��0���� ��@�h� � �¡�������6�%���÷�0�¼�0� � ��� �����@�0�4�0�� h� � �� �%�=�0�������@¨������'���=��� � �6���������%���÷�0�¼�0�0�6 =�� 0�=���� �¥���0§ � � �6 0���@��¨�� ¼�=�¼�6�0�� )� � � ÷�%�'�'��÷�%§���� �6������¨���� ��¼¢'���÷¦ �F� � ���������%¦ � �� � 0���@����� �)¨�� ¼�=�¼� �¼���@�0� � ª$���6� � ��� � � �$�*��§F��� � �¼���@�0�� 0�0�� ¡ =��¢ ¼���¼�0� ��0� � ���)� � � ������� ¼��� ��÷�%�'�'��÷�%§���� � �¼� �%�=�0��� � ª���� �$�;� � � � �$�F��§F�:� � �0� � ���� �¼� ����� �$��� ¼�=� �� �0�0��� =�����������0� ��¼����� � �� � 0���@� � ���)¨�� ¼�=�¼���¼���@�0� � ª$���6� �÷�.� � � � �$�*��§F��� � �0� � ���)� � � ��F��� ¼���� ÷�%�'�'��÷�%§���� � �¼� �%�=�0��� � ª:���6� �¼�;� � � � �$� ��§F�B� � �0� � ���)� �÷�0� �6� �6�6���0�� ����6�0�����0�� � �� � � ��� 0���@��¨�� ¼�=�¼���¼���@�0� � ª.���6� �¼�;� � � �$�B��§F��� � �0� � ���)� � � ������� ¼��� � ÷�%�'�'��÷�%§���� � �¼� �%�=�0��� � ª.��� �÷�.�� � �*��§F�@� � �0� � ���)� �¼������ � �����= 0¦ � �� � �0�'���¡ 0���@��¨�� ¼�=�¼� �¼���@�0� � ª:���6� �¼�;� � � � �$� ��§F�@� ��0� � ���)� �¼�����F��� ¼��� � ÷�%�'�'��÷�%§���� ���¼� �%�=�0��� � ª���� � ��� � ����� ��� ��§F��� � �0� � ���)� �¼��� �
����� � �'�)�.�#� ��� � � ���� �#$)��� � � � � +2 ����� ���(�'& � � � � �
®%¬ ½�½ À ¾ Ì ¹ ®�À ½ ¾ ·�¬'º ½�¹ »�¬�®%® Á ·�¬ ¾�¹ ¯5*�Ì ¹ ®%¬ Á ¹h¾ È ¹ ¾�Á »=º ¹ » ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ 4À=®%® Á ·�· ¹ »3¬ ¾ ¬ ¹ ·&*�È�¬'¯�¯�À�+» ¹ ¿ ¾ È!¬ ½ » < ¬��Æ ¹%½=¾ º�À ½�¹ »4¬'Ì�À ¹2<=¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *4» ¹ ®�· ¹ ¬� ¹ º¼�¿�·�¬�® ¾ º¼®%¬'¯�¯5*4º ½ » ¹ ¿ ¹%½ » ¹%½=¾À P ��13 � �#���'�#��� � +2� � +2� � �.�#� ���
Í�È ¹ Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ º¼)®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯¼¬ ¾�¹ »h¬�®%®�À�·�»=º ½ 4 ¾ À ¾ È ¹ Ä ¹ =· ¹%¾ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿ G ±�% Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ 8.19<2H Ì.*Á �º ½ 4 ¾ È ¹ º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯) Á · P ¬�® ¹ �¬ ½ »+¬���º54 ½�¹ » º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ º ¹ P À�· ¹ ¬�®�È ¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹21 Í�È ¹ Æ ¹ ¬ ½·�¬�»=º Á P À�· ¹ ¬�®�Èhº¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯�º¼ ¾ È ¹ · ¹8P À�· ¹�¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ »!¬ ½ » ¬�®%®�À�·�»=º ½ 4 ¾ À ¾ È ¹@P À=®%¬'¯�» ¹ ¿ ¾ Èh·�¬ ½ 4 ¹¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾�¹ »�¬'Ì�À ¹2<�¾ È ¹:P À=®%¬'¯�»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹ º¼ ¾ È ¹%½ ®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯¼¬ ¾�¹ » 1 Í�È ¹ Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ À P ¾ È ¹�¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ º¼¾ È ¹ Æ ¹ ¬ ½ �¬'¯ Á�¹ À P ¾ È ¹ Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ &À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ »)À ½�¾ È ¹ �¬'·�º�À Á �º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯¼ 1 Í�È ¹ ¹ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ F¬'· ¹ ®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'· ¹ » �º ¾ È ¾ È ¹ º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯� �¬'¯ Á�¹ FÀ�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ »4Ì.*¡»=º O ¹ · ¹%½=¾ ¯¼¬'Ì�À�·�¬ ¾ À�·�º ¹ ¬ ½ »!�È�À��¬ ½�¹ Å�® ¹ ¯�¯ ¹%½=¾ ¬ 4�· ¹%¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬��¿�· ¹ ¹%½=¾�¹ »¡º ½¡¾ È ¹ Í�¬'Ì�¯ ¹�8.1 ,I1
������� � � �����*�!��������� ) � � �����!��% �!�������!�´ ¾&¹ ¬�®�È)¿�·�À=® ¹ ��º ½ 4� ¾�¹ ¿#º ½)¾ È ¹ ¬ ½ ¬'¯5*��º¼&À P È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º¼®%¬'¯=»�¬ ¾ ¬ <'Á�½ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½=¾ º ¹ �® Á Æ Á ¯¼¬ ¾�¹ G ¿ Á�½ ® +
¾�Á ¬'¯�¬ ½ » ¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯�º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ * ¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½=<�¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯�¯�À=®%¬ ¾ º�À ½#H » Á�¹ º ½ ¿�¬'· ¾ º¼® Á ¯¼¬'· ¾ À ¾ È ¹ »=º¼ +®�· ¹%¾�¹�½ ¬ ¾�Á · ¹ À P ¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *#�®%¬'¯ ¹ ¬ ½ » ¾ À)¿ ¹ ·��À ½ ¬'¯ 9 Á ».4 ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ 1 ³ ¹ ¹ · ¾ È ¹ ¯ ¹ � < º ½4¾ È�º¼� ¾�Á ».* <Á�½ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½=¾ º ¹ �º ½�¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ º ¹ 4¬'· ¹ · ¹ » Á ® ¹ »�¬��¬'¯�¯�À�Ì� ¹ ·& �¬ ¾ º�À ½ �¬'· ¹ ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ »vº ½ ¬vÈ�ÀL+Æ¡ÀI4 ¹%½�¹ À Á �Æ�¬ ½�½�¹ ·�º ½3¾ È ¹ Ç Ï B��®%¬'¯ ¹21  ¾ È�¬� ¾ À Ì ¹h¹ Æ¡¿�È�¬��º5M ¹ » ¾ È�¬ ¾¡¾ È ¹ ¹ Á Ì� ¾ ¬ ½=¾ º¼¬'¯Á�½ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½=¾ º ¹ �À Á ¯¼»h¬>O ¹ ® ¾6¾ È ¹ ? ½ ¬'¯ ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ À P ¾ È ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·��Æ Á ®�È¡Æ¡À�· ¹)¾ È�¬ ½h¾ È ¹ Æ¡ÀL+» ¹ ¯&À�·�Æ ¹%¾ È�À=»��À P ®%¬'¯¼® Á ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½¡Á ¹ » 1  ½�¾ È�º¼� ¾�Á ».* < ¹ �¬ ½=¾�¹ » ¾ À4»=º O ¹ · ¹%½=¾ º¼¬ ¾�¹ Ì ¹%¾ ¹%¹%½¡¾ È ¹Á�½ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½=¾ º ¹ �» Á�¹4¾ À ¾ È ¹ % Á ¬'¯�º ¾ ¬ ¾ º5 ¹#½ ¬ ¾�Á · ¹ À P ¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *h»�¬ ¾ ¬ < P ·�À�Æ ¾ È�À0 ¹ » Á�¹4¾ À ¾ È ¹Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·��º�Æ¡¿�¯�º ? ¹ »�· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿ 1 Ë�º�·� ¾ ¯5* <'¾ È ¹ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿�È�¬��Ì ¹%¹%½4Á ¹ »�À ½ Æ ¹ ¬ ½ ·�¬�»=º�º�À Pº¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯¼�Æ¡À�· ¹ º ½ ¬ 4�· ¹%¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ �º ¾ È ¾ È ¹�¹%½�¹ ·&4I*�Æ¡À=» ¹ ¯�» ¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿ ¹ »�Ì.* Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ · 1 ±�Å�® ¹ ¿ ¾ º ½¾ È ¹6¹ ¿�º¼® ¹%½=¾ ·�¬'¯�¬'· ¹ ¬ <0¾ È ¹�Á�½ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½=¾ *#À ½�¾ È ¹ º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯�·�¬�»=º�º�È�¬�� ¹ ·&*�¯�º ¾�¾ ¯ ¹ º ½� Á�¹%½ ® ¹ À ½¡¾ È ¹» ¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P)P À=®%¬'¯&» ¹ ¿ ¾ È�¬ ½ »¡Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ ¬� ¾ È ¹ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿ Á ¹ ¾ È ¹ ¯�ÀI40¬'·�º ¾ È�Æ�À P ¾ È ¹»=º¼ ¾ ¬ ½ ® ¹21 Ï ¹ ®�À ½ »=¯5* <�¾ È ¹ · ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½ �È�º�¿ È�¬�)Ì ¹%¹%½ Á ¹ »hÀ ½ ¬'¯�¯ ¾ È ¹ º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ *!»�¬ ¾ ¬�¿�À�º ½=¾ �º ¾ Ⱦ È ¹ º�·��®%¬ ¾�¾�¹ ·�º ½ 46· ¹ � ¹ ® ¾ º ½ 46º ½#¾ È ¹�½�¹ ¬'· ? ¹ ¯¼»#¬ ½�¹ Å ¾�¹%½ » ¹ »)�À Á ·�® ¹�G Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·F¬�� Á Æ ¹ �¬�¿ Á�½ ® +¾�Á ¬'¯��À Á ·�® ¹ Æ¡À=» ¹ ¯ HD1  ½4¾ È ¹:P ¬'· ? ¹ ¯¼»#º ¾ º¼F�È�À� ½4¾ È�¬ ¾F¾ È ¹ 4 ¹ À�¯�ÀI4�º¼®%¬'¯�®�À ½ »=º ¾ º�À ½ �À P ¾ È ¹ Á · P ¬�® ¹¯¼¬!* ¹ ·�Fº ½ ®�· ¹ ¬� ¹�¾ È ¹ �®%¬ ¾�¾�¹ ·�º ½ 4 1  ¾ ¹%¹ Æ��À�Ì. =º�À Á ¾ È�¬ ¾ ®�À ½ �º¼» ¹ ·�º ½ 4�¬'¯�¯ ¾ È ¹)Á�½ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½=¾ º ¹ <0¾ È ¹4�· ¹ ¬ ¾�¹ ·�®�È�¬'¯�¯ ¹%½ 4 ¹ »=À ¹ ½ À ¾ ¯�º ¹ º ½ ? ½ »=º ½ 4h¬ Á�½ º'% Á�¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ Ì Á�¾ ·�¬ ¾ È ¹ ·#º ½v¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º ½ 4 ¾ È ¹· ¹ ¯�º¼¬'Ì�º�¯�º ¾ *)À P ¾ È ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·��À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ » ¾ È�·�À Á 4�È ¾ È ¹ º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½ ¿�·�À=® ¹ » Á · ¹21 Í�È�º¼Fº¼F¬ ¾�¾�¹ Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ »Ì.* Á �º ½ 4¡¬�4�·�º¼»h ¹ ¬'·�®�È!Æ ¹%¾ È�À=» ¾ È�¬ ¾ ¬'¯�¯�À�6 ¾ À�» ¹ ? ½�¹#¾ È ¹ �È�¬'¿ ¹ À P ¾ È ¹ �À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ »=À�Æ�¬'º ½ º ½¾ È ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·)�¿�¬�® ¹21 ÉFÀ�Æ¡¿�¬'·�º¼�À ½ À P ¾ È�º¼#�À�¯ Á�¾ º�À ½ ¾ À ¾ È�¬ ¾ À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ » Á �º ½ 4 ¾ È ¹ º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·��º ¾ º¼)¿�À0��º�Ì�¯ ¹¡¾ À!À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½ ¬ ½�¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ À ½v¾ È ¹ ! !�¹ ·�·�À�· " " À ½v¾ È ¹¡¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P ¾ È ¹
� 5 3 � �#���'�#��� ��� � � ��+2� � � �!�.�#� ��� �� �"! � �'� � � � ���)���)���� � ��� ! � ��� � �)���'���� � � �= ����+ �
» ¹ ¿ ¾ È � 1 Í�È�º¼6 ¾�Á ».*¡¿�À�º ½=¾ �À Á�¾�¾ È�¬ ¾ P À�·6�È�¬'¯�¯�À�+Æ¡À=» ¹ ·�¬ ¾�¹�¹ ¬'· ¾ È�% Á ¬ C ¹ 6
,I1�¾ È ¹ � ¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·�®%¬ ½�½ À ¾ Ì ¹ ®�À ½ ¾ ·�¬'º ½�¹ » P À�·��È�¬'¯�¯�À� P À=®�º ¹ ¹%½=¾ ))¾ È�º¼v· ¹ Á ¯ ¾ º¼®�À ½ �º¼ ¾�¹%½=¾ �º ¾ È ¾ È ¹ » ¹ ¹ ¯�À�¿�Æ ¹%½=¾ À P¤¾ È ¹ Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·�· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½=<
0.1�¾ È ¹�� �¬'¯ Á�¹2< ®%¬ ½ �¬'·&*�À ¹ ·�¬ �º¼» ¹ ·�¬ ½ 4 ¹G 0#¾ À 8.1 1IH ¬ ½ » ½ À4· ¹ 4�º�À ½ ¬'¯) �¬'¯ Á�¹ ¬'¿�¿ ¹ ¬'·��º ½¾ È�º¼�¯�º�Æ¡º ¾�¹ »�»�¬ ¾ ¬4 ¹%¾!<
8.1�¾ È ¹�� ¬ ½ » � ¿�¬'·�¬'Æ ¹%¾�¹ ·��»=À ½ À ¾ ¬'¿�¿ ¹ ¬'· ¾ À4Ì ¹ º ½ » ¹ ¿ ¹%½ » ¹%½=¾!<:�1�½�¹ ¹ · ¾ È ¹ ¯ ¹ � ¾ È ¹ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼® P À=®%¬'¯)» ¹ ¿ ¾ È À�Ì ¾ ¬'º ½�¹ » �º ¾ È ¾ È ¹ Ï ¿�À ½ È ¹%Á�¹ ·�· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½Á �º ½ 4#Ì�À ¾ È¡º ½ »=º5 =º¼» Á ¬'¯�»�¬ ¾ ¬)¿�À�º ½=¾ �¬ ½ »�º¼�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ�¬'¯¼�¬'¯�¯�À��¬ ½¡¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P ¾ È ¹ ! !�¹ ·�·�À�· " "¬ ½ »#®�À ½ ¹ % Á�¹%½=¾ ¯5*�¬ ½#¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ À P ¾ È ¹ ®�À�·�· ¹ ® ¾ Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼®&Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ ·�¬ ½ 4 ¹0G Ä ¹ =· ¹%¾· ¹ ¯¼¬ ¾ º�À ½#HD<
<.1 Æ�¬�®�·�À0 ¹ º¼�Æ¡º¼® ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾�¹ 6À P Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ ¬'· ¹ ®�À ½ �º¼ ¾�¹%½=¾ �º ¾ Èvº ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯$ �¬'¯ Á�¹ )¬ ½ »�È�À��®�À�Æ¡¿�¬'·�¬'Ì�¯ ¹�Á�½ ® ¹ · ¾ ¬'º ½=¾ º ¹ G Í�¬'Ì�¯ ¹8.1 , HD1
�$��������¼¢'�� ����=��������������������0�����@¨����� ������@�0������� ������� �®� � ��¨�¦���� � ��������� � � �'��¢ C���Q��� C������� ���@ �� � � ª$��� ��� � ������� ��� ��� � �0�0�0�0� � � �
� �� ����%�������������%
Ä)" º ½=¾�¹ ·�¿�·�¸¹%¾ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ 6»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ �Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ F»#" Á�½ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ ¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾ » ¹ ¯�À=®%¬'¯�º¼ ¹ · 4�·�À0��º@ʹ +· ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾ ¯¼¬h�À Á ·�® ¹!¹%¾ » ¹ ¯ Á º�¬���À=®�º ¹ · Á�½�¹ Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹21 Ä�¬ »�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯¼¬!¿�·�À P À ½ » ¹%Á ·¹ ¾ ¿�¯ Á 4¬'¿�¿�·�À'Å=º�Æ�¬ ¾ º5 ¹21 É ¹ 4»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ % Á À�º'% Á�¹ Ì�¬�=¸¹%¹ ¡ Á ·¡» ¹ 4¿�È�¸¹%½ À�Æhʹ%½�¹ ¾ ·%ʹ 4»=º 7 ®�º�¯ ¹ +Æ ¹%½=¾ % Á ¬ ½=¾ º ? ¬'Ì�¯ ¹ < �À ½=¾ ¯ ¹ � ¹%Á ¯ ¹ �º ½QP À�·�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ �»=À ½=¾�½ À Á �»=º¼�¿�À0�À ½ 6¿�À Á ·6®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �È�º¼ ¾ À�·�º'% Á�¹ 1 ±�¯�¯ ¹ 6¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾�¹%½=¾ » ¹ Æ¡º ¹%Á Å�®�À ½�½ ¬ (�¾ · ¹ ¯¼¬4�º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ »#" Á�½�¹ ·�¸¹ 4�º�À ½=1 ±�¯�¯ ¹ �À ½=¾#¾ ·%ʹ �¿�·�¸¹ ®�º ¹%Á ¹ 6¿�À Á ·4®%¬'·�¬�® ¾ ¸¹ ·�º¼ ¹ ·�¯ ¹ )=¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ �ʬ�¿�· ¹%½ »=· ¹4¹%½ ®�À�Æ¡¿ ¾�¹ »�¬ ½ )¯ ¹ ®%¬�»=· ¹ » ¹¯/"�¸¹ �¬'¯ Á ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¯/"ä¬'¯%¸¹ ¬#�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹2< »�¬ ½ �» ¹ �¿�¬!*�)ʬ4�º¼�Æ¡º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹ Æ¡À=»�¸¹ ·�¸¹%¹2< ®�À�Æ¡Æ ¹ ¯¼¬�Ë�·�¬ ½ ® ¹21³6À Á 4¬! 0À ½ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹ » ¹ #º ½=¾�¹%½ �º ¾ ¸¹ #Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ �· ¹ ® Á�¹ º�¯�¯�º ¹ �¯�À�·�4» ¹ =¸¹ º¼�Æ ¹ P ·�¬ ½$N®%¬'º¼
·�¸¹ ® ¹%½=¾ ¹%¾ ¸¹ 40¬'¯ ¹ Æ ¹%½=¾�¹%½ · ¹ 4�º¼ ¾ ·�¸¹ �¿�¬'·)» ¹ �º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ��º¼�Æ¡À�¯�ÀI4�º'% Á�¹ < ¿�À Á ·A �¬'¯�º¼» ¹ ·6» ¹ �Æ�¸¹ +¾ È�À=» ¹ 6Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ 1 Ä ¹ 6Æ�¬ 4 ½ º ¾�Á » ¹ ¹%¾ ¯ ¹ �¿�·�À P À ½ » ¹%Á ·�0% Á�¹#½ À Á 6¬! 0À ½ ¾ ·�À Á �¸¹%¹ 6¬! ¹ ®¯ ¹ &»=À ½�½ ¸¹%¹ &Æ�¬�®�·�À0�º¼�Æ¡º'% Á�¹ ��À ½=¾�¹%½ ¬�®%®�À�·�»)¬! ¹ ®�¯ ¹ ¹ ¾ º�Æ�¬ ¾ º�À ½ �º ½ ¾ · Á Æ ¹%½=¾ ¬'¯ ¹ 1 ³6À Á �¬! 0À ½ Á�¾ º�¯�º¼=¸¹6Á�½�¹ º ½ ¹ ·��º�À ½4¹%½ 4�·�º�¯�¯ ¹6½ À Á �¿ ¹ ·�Æ ¹%¾�¾ ¬ ½=¾ »#" ¹ ¾ º�Æ ¹ ·�¯/" ¹ ·�· ¹%Á ·� Á ·�¯¼¬#»�¸¹%¾�¹ ·�Æ¡º ½ ¬ ¾ º�À ½ » ¹ ¿�¬'·�¬'Æhʹ%¾ · ¹ ¹%¾ » ¹)¾�¹ ¾�¹ ·�¯/" Á�½ º¼®�º ¾ ¸¹21
� �
� � � � �=� � � �
� ������ ���� ��� �� ������ ���� ������� � �������� �� ������ !�"� # $%�& !����� ���& !�� ���$ �����('( !�*)����
+-,/. 0�132�4"576989:;2"</531
=&>@?BAC>/DFE�GFHID&?KJMLONP?BQOLO>/R3SFHI>/R3>UTCQV?WAC>XQO>/LOLO>PY�ZPDF[\?]>7?]NMTCQBGFLONCACDF[IQV?B^@D�_UNMDFLV?BAC>XHa`b^@TFT\c>/>,�././. ^@D9d->/EC[eZPDF>PY;c>/QV^@[I>/TCQ%AC>/DFE-?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?">/Tgfh^@[IHIHI>KTFNMLOR7^@HI>Xi^BHa` [ITCQFc>/LO[I>/DFL\AC>jHe^BGFHe^MZPDF>Bk"NC_UNP?ZPDF[">@?]Qj?]DFS�ACDF[IQO>7?]NMD&?jHe^XGFHe^MZPDF>Xl%Rmc>/LO[eZPDF>B^@D�TF[InP>@^@D�ACD�?]D&A�ACD�G&^/oF?Up"k">@?KAC>/DFE�?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?NMTCQ\>/D7HI[I>/D�i^3AC>@?\AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>@?UY&AC>KHe^B_CqNMQO>jr�^M_U[tsuZPDF>PYCQOL/i>@?\AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>@?Up&=&>KGFLO>/RX[I>/L/YMHI>j?Cc>/[e?]RX>WAC>xy>/zCD&^M_yc^@T�{ ,/|X} DF[IT ,�././. Y�~����M���F�9Y����!���P�b�P�Xc>/QV^@[IQ%HINC_/^@HI[e?Cc>Xi^3�M�M���F��AC>jHe^3_CqNMQO>K>/QWAC>_U>jG&NM[ITCQjAC>jnCDF>B>@?]QWDFT�c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQ;[ITCQOLV^@GFHe^MZPDF>3_UNMRXRX>W[IH�?U` >/T9GFLONCACDF[IQK?]NMDFnP>/TCQKAF^@T&?K_U>/QOQO>� NMTF>3AC>X?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[INMTyp�=&>X?]>@_UNMT&A�Y�HI>3?Cc>/[e?]RX>jAC>7�W^@EF^M_/^9{a�M�7?]>/GFQO>/R3SFLO> ,�././. Y"~���� . �����F�9Y������P� | �;?U` >@?]Q;GFLONCACDF[IQ\QOL/i>@?"GFL/i>@?;AC>KHe^j_CqNMQO>WG&^M_U[tsuZPDF>PY���D&?]QO>W>/T7AC>@?O?]NMD&?\AC>KHe^ � NMTF>KAC>wf�NMLOQ_UNMDFGFHe^@JM>K>/TCQOLO>KHI>@?;AC>/DFEXGFHe^MZPDF>@?Up�%DF[IQ;?]QV^@QO[INMT&?;^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[eZPDF>@?y?][IQOD\c>/>@?"AF^@T&?;DFT3LV^/oPNMT7AC> ,/| ���F��^@DFQONMDFL\AC>WHa`Oc>/GF[e_U>/TCQOLO>
NMTCQ\>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>KHI>@?"RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQV?�?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?�J�c>/T\c>/LFc>@?;G&^@L%HI>j?Cc>/[e?]RX>WAC>B�W^@EF^M_/^7{ax�^@SFHI>@^@D7�Fp , �Vp�%NMD&?�^/nPNMT&?�_UNMT&?][eA;c>/LFc>\AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>@?�G&NP?O?][ISF[IHI[IQFc>@?yG&NMDFL�He^%J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>"ACDjGFHe^@T3AC>�fh^@[IHIHI>Wi^%G&^@LOQO[IL
AC>@?\?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?Wk;d9x�AC[e?]G&NMTF[ISFHI>@?K{ax�^@SFHI>@^@D7�Fpb�P�Vpr�NMDFL3_Vz&^M_UDFTF>7AC>7_U>@?KJ�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>@?WTFNMD&?B^/nPNMT&?j[ITCnP>/LV?Cc>3He^-AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT ACD JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQW>/Q
He^X_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>KAC>BHe^3LODFGFQODFLO>X?]DFLWHe^�fh^@[IHIHI>Ppy=&>BGFHe^@T�AC>�fh^@[IHIHI>PY�_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF^@TCQj^@D9GFHe^@T�AC>BHe^?]NMHIDFQO[INMT k;d9x�AC>X�W^@LOnM^@LVA�Y�ZPDF[�G&>/T&A�AF^@T&?WHe^7AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT�ACD�TFNMLVA��h>@?]Q/Y�>@?]QKHe^3J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>BZPDF[TFNMD&?�G&>/LORX>/Q"AC>\QOLONMDFnP>/L�HI>@?�RX>/[IHIHI>/DFLV?�RXNCA�i>/HI>@?y>/T3QO>/LORX>;A�`b^M_/_UNMLVA3^@DFE3ACNMTFT\c>/>@?\{a��[IJMDFLO>\�Fp , �Vp�%NMD&?;GFLFc>@?]>/TCQONMT&?;AF^@T&?\HI>WG&^@LV^@JMLV^@GFzF>jZPDF[y?]DF[IQ\DFT7?O_�c>/T&^@LO[IN3_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>;G&NP?O?][ISFHI>KG&NMDFL\HI>
?Cc>/[e?]RX>WAC>B�W^@EF^M_/^Cp
��� ������� ��� � �������� ���� ��� ����������� ������������� �� +�! ����"!$# � ! �����%��� ! +2+ �� # ���� �'&(� ! ��)����
*�+-,�.F�Fp ,0/21�354635798�:�;=<�>#�@?'4�ACB%B(DE8'�@?�>GF�357�HI7I;�J>�>E;GB'8�F�D�J>@35F�<�7�>KDLH�>L;�J>K7I;�A�>M<�>=NO4 P640�@4$QSR6T�T�TVUXW=�^@QO[IQOD&AC>PY�YV� =&NMTFJM[IQOD&AC>PY(Y@Z [PQV^@QO[INMT \aT&?]QO[IQODFQO>, �Cpb�6] | � . �Pp^]M�M� } lWd_\ \aTFJM>/TF[I>/L@c` ^,/| p . ��] � . �Pp , ]P� =�lW�GZ \aTFJM>/TF[I>/L@c` ^,/| pb�M�6] � . �Cp � . , r�lW�La \aTFJM>/TF[I>/L@c` ^, �Cpb� , � � . �Pp �P� . b \O�La \aTFJM>/TF[I>/L@c` ^, �Cpb� |M| � . �Cp��@� . [Cd�=yk \aTFJM>/TF[I>/L@c` ^, �Cpb�M� , � . �Cp | � | x�lWd9l \aTFJM>/TF[I>/L@c` ^,/| p��@�6] � . �Cp , �6] �GcG\Ea a%>/N f c` ?][e_/^, �Ppb�6]M� � . �Cp��@�M� �OdL\Ea a%>/N f c` ?][e_/^
egf9hC.��Fp ,i/kj�8�F�B�>�<�>%HI4_l�8�:�>%<�>�;�F�m@<�F=�K35798�:�4�F$;�F�<n<�F_on>EP679p�F'>%; >@HI8�:qHEr 4 P�>�1'1gs%t�uCuCvw r ?'x@B'8'�K>K:�35D@>=<�F�;�J>K7I;�A�>�<�>�NO4 P640�@4$<�>�R6T�T�T$>E;K3LD@>5B(D-J>E; >K:�3�J>GB'4�D�F�:�>yJ>@358�7�H�>�WGjg>=;�J>K7I;�A�>�>E;K3>K:{z|4�7�H�H�>$:'8�DKA=46H�>~}4nHEr 79:�3�J>KDK7�>KF�D_<�>�HI4_B�HI4�p�F'>nj�8'�@8 ;��|F6;K3S>_4�Fq<�>E;@;�8�F6;_<�>�HI4nl�8�:�>_<�>�z|8�D@3�@8�F�B�HI4���>�>K:�35D@>LHI4MB�HI4�p�F'>�j�8'�@8 ;=>@3gHI4MB�HI4�p�F'>L�GA�J>KDK79p�F'>�W w >OB�>K:'<�4���>M<�>LHEr 79:�3S>KD�z|40�K>�>K:�35D@>LH�>E;<�>KF6PLB�HI4�p�F'>E;�>E;K3O<�>LHEr 8�DE<�D@>G<�> ,/| Y W
��� ! ������� + �_���q� ���������%����� ! ! +�!��������� ��
*�+-,�.C�Fpb� /��O4�DE4�A�}>@35D@>E;L<�>LHI4�;�8�F�D��K>�W[PNMDFLV_U> =�^@Q/pIY�YO� =&NMTypIY�Y@Z ���@Y , ��� ��� � [PQOLO[��P> Y �%[IG�Y b ^��P> Y �jY�CR�W^@LOnM^@LVA� , �Cpb�M� � . �Cp . � �Cpb� � .M| | � � ]M� | �Cp .�GZ�\Ok�� , �Cp , ��] � . �Cp��@�6] , p � � ,/| |M| � ] , | �Z b \�� , �Cpb�M� � . �Cp�� | , p , � . � | �Cp | � . , p^] � | pb�
�W[��CD&_VzF[�� , �Cp , � � . �Cp��@� , pb� �M�P� | � � ] | |M|d-[e_VzF[IJP^@T� , �Cp , � � . �Cp��@� , p , � . � |/. � , � , �P�=&NC_/^@H� , �Cpb�M� � . �Ppb�M� � . p��
!#"%$'&#(*)*+,)*-�./$'0�12./$'3�./$'465�&#-�7'$'8�)*4:968�+,&#-�7�;%&#-�<'8�$=<'8�(*>�7')*8�-@?BA�C�9:./7'&#$'-�8/3�<'D�.E0�.�./-�4:FGC�H%D�<'7'$'8�+6I#CJE"%$'&#(*)*+,)*-�./$'0�K2L�FML�N/A2H%O'5P5�&#-�7'$'8�)*4:968�+,&#-�7�;%&#-�<'8�$=<'8�(*>�7')*8�-CQ/HR=OST>�7'8�5=96;U<'8�(*>�7')*8�-CVE;%&#(*&#<'&#)*<'+,)*WX�8�4�02YZ.E3�&ST-�./(*0�<')*<�?�9[C#\2)*D�>�W�]�)�./-�4_^`Ca^b./+6./-�./D�.�I�W#8�-�<')*4�&#$')*-�cT7']�&A2H%O'5@&#d�)*W#&#-�7'&#$%(*8�WE./7')*8�-CeE968�+,&#-�7;%&#-�<'8�$2RT./7'&2f�>�-�W#7')*8�-:L�8�(*>�7')*8�-,8hgi7']�&2KT-�)*3�&#$'<')*7j0,8hgk96)*W�]�)*c�./-@?l^`C�;./-�)*8�D�.M./-�4:mC�R=>onpI#CqEH%d�)*W#&#-�7'$�./((*8�WE./7')*8�-6./-�4,4�&#d�7']rgs$'8�+t-�&E./$vuw&#(*46./-�46$'&#c�)*8�-�./(x4�./7�.�C
+-,/y z�{}|�538-4;:G~�698�|U�~K<�|2��~�6U~���{:�U{B:G{���.6�[�[�Z�k">KG&^@LV^@JMLV^@GFzF>3^ c>/QFc>K?]NMDFRX[e?Ki^�a%>/NMGFzCoF?][e_/^@H b >@?]>@^@LV_Vz-=&>/QOQO>/LV?\>/T���DF[IT-�M�M�M���
� ���� ��� �U�����K �����q�i�������� ��������@��=� ������ �� � ! � #�! �U� ! �� ) & � !%� ��i��� ! ! +�! �2�y�� �� + � � � �Z�U��� � � � �� � ��(��� ���������i�r�( � ����&�/�y�' ������� ! !
Wp&�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> � YF�jpFd�p�[Pz&^@GF[ILONFY�[&p�Bp�[P[ITFJMzyY } pF�;p&r�^M_VzF>@_UNFYF�;p�k"NMQOQONMTyYd�p&k;^@RXGF[IHIHINFYCljp�\aJMHI>@?][e^M?UY¡Bp�k"LOD � Y } p&d�p(a9cNMRX> � YF=�p&l%He_yc^@TCQV^@LV^¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W w >@3�3SW*¤ ?]NMDFRX[e?UY���DF[IT-�M�M�M�Cp
! ���K � ! + �%>@^@L�� ?]NMDFLV_U>B?]QOLONMTFJ7RXNMQO[INMT&?\^@LO>B[ITCnP>/LOQO>@A3QONX>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>WQOzF>jLODFGFQODFLO>jzF[e?]QONMLOo-N f [ITCQOLV^M?]He^@SyY
TFNMLOR7^@Ht� fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ�[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L;�M�CY ,�././. Yy�W^@EF^M_/^CY&d->/EC[e_UNj>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PpCx�¥;N�f�NC_/^@HyRX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]RX?{a�W^@LOnM^@LVAj^@T&Aj�GZ�\Ok�k;d9x�?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?V�y^@LO>"QO>@?]QO>@Awf�NML�QOzF>;?]NMDFLV_U>;JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoPpUx;zF>;[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT6¥\[IQOzQOzF>K�GZ�AC[IGFGF[ITFJ�fh^@DFHIQ;GFHe^@TF>KN f QOzF>K�W^@LOnM^@LVA7?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7S&>@?]Q\R7^@QV_VzF>@?�QOzF>jAF^@QV^Cp%¦�>W>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@AQOzF>K?]HI[IG7AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTXNMT7QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ\^@T&AXQOzF>K^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@A7LODFGFQODFLO>wf�LONMTCQ\GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMTyY�^M?�¥;>/HIH�^M?QOzF>\LO[e?]>\QO[IRX>Pp@x;zF>\[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTjLO>@?]DFHIQV?�?]zFN�¥�QOz&^@Q"QOzF>%LODFGFQODFLO>\R7^@[ITFHIoWGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@A�f�LONMR Zg[�Z�QON¦��,¦ ^@T&A-?]HI[IJMzCQOHIoXACN�¥\T&AC[IGyY%¥\[IQOz9^@T-^/nP>/LV^@JM>KLODFGFQODFLO>jnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oBN f�^@S&NMDFQW�[�CRU§@?UpFx;zF>KLO[e?]>QO[IRX>WLV^@TFJM>@?\S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T , ^@T&A-�X?Up&x;zF>B?]HI[IG-AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT-NMT-QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%[e?\R7^@[ITFHIo3_UNMT&_U>/TCQOLV^@QO>@A[IT�Q#¥;N7[ITCQO>/LV_UNMTFTF>@_UQO>@A7G&^@QV_VzF>@?6¥\[IQOz�^7R7^@EC[IRBDFR(?]HI[IG�N f �Cp | R�HINC_/^@QO>@A�^@S&NMDFQ3�M�P�CR�^@T&A�P�:�CR¨¦��,¦�N f QOzF>%zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L/pMd-NP?]Q;N f QOzF>W?]HI[IGB[e?�LO>/HI>@^M?]>@AB^@Q;^@T7^/nP>/LV^@JM>%AC>/GFQOz3N f � | �CR9pl!?]R7^@HIHI>/LW^@LO>@^P¥\[IQOz�^XR7^@EC[IR3DFR(?]HI[IG9N f , p | R�[e?K^@He?]N-NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A�_UHINP?]>BQON-QOzF>3zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L/p
��� ������� ��� � �������� ���� ��� ����������� ������������� �� +�! ����"!$# � ! �����%��� ! +2+ �� # ���� �'&(� ! ��)����
x;zF>KQONMQV^@H�_UN � ?]>/[e?]RX[e_\RXNMRX>/TCQ�LO>/HI>@^M?]>@AX[e?;>@ZPD&^@HyQON , �^]�� , ��� � �%R9p
�������� ��� ����������� ������
c%TCQO[IHCLO>@_U>/TCQOHIoW[IQ2¥\^M?�QOzFNMDFJMzCQ;QOz&^@Q�He^@LOJM>PYMTFNMLOR7^@Ht� fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJW>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?�[ITBQOzF>%?]DFS�ACD&_UQO>@Ak"NC_UNP?;GFHe^@QO>PYPS&>/HIN�¥md->/EC[e_UNFYMNC_/_UDFLOLO>@A3ACN�¥\T&AC[IG f�LONMR�QOzF>K?]QOLONMTFJMHIo�� _UNMDFGFHI>@ABG&^@LOQ;N f QOzF>%GFHe^@QO>[ITCQO>/L�fh^M_U>PYM^@Q\AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>@?�JMLO>@^@QO>/L"QOz&^@T7^@S&NMDFQ ,/| �:�CR f�LONMR�QOzF>W_UNP^M?]Q/pCl%T3>/EF_U>/GFQO[INMT3?]>/>/RX>@AKQONS&>;QOzF> ,/|W} ^@TCD&^@LOoPY ,�. � , {ad��K�Pp^]P���W^@EF^M_/^%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PY�¥\zF[e_Vz:¥\^M?�HINC_/^@QO>@AjNMTFHIoj^@S&NMDFQ"� | �CRf�LONMR�QOzF>B_UNP^M?]Q3{S[P[ITFJMz >@3C46H�W Y ,�. ] | �Vp b >@_U>/TCQ\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?UY&zFN�¥;>/nP>/L/Y&?]DFJMJM>@?]QKQOz&^@QW[ITCQOLV^M?]He^@S>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?UYx¥\zF[e_Vz3NC_/_UDFL;S&>/HIN�¥mNML;TF>@^@L;QOzF>WACN�¥\T&AC[IGX>@ACJM>WN f _UNMDFGFHI>@ABGFHe^@QO>W[ITCQO>/L�fh^M_U>PY@R7^/oS&>KRXNMLO>wf�LO>@ZPDF>/TCQ"QOz&^@T-GFLO>/nC[INMD&?]HIo3QOzFNMDFJMzCQ/p&�FNML\>/EF^@RXGFHI>PYMQOzF>K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>WN f , �Z�%>@_U>/R3S&>/L/Y,�./. � {adU¥W�W�Cpb�P�,¥\^M?KHINC_/^@QO>@A9S&>/HIN�¥�QOzF>XACN�¥\T&AC[IG�>@ACJM>3N f QOzF>3LODFGFQODFLO>X^@LO>@^7N f QOzF> ,�. ^@T&A� , [P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L/Y ,�. ] | {adU¥W�y]Cpb�CYy�Ppb�P�;d-[e_VzFNP^M_/^@T7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?K{]k"NC_/_UN >@3O46H�W Y ,�./. �M�%^@T&A7QOzF>>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>-N f ,/,9} ^@TCD&^@LOoPY ,�./. ��{adU¥W�K�Ppb�P�BNC_/_UDFLOLO>@A ��D&?]QXS&>/HIN�¥ QOzF> ,�. ] | LODFGFQODFLO>9^@LO>@^{ad-[��CDFRXN >@3O46H�W Y ,�././.�� d-[��CDFRXN >@3O46H�W Y&�M�M�M�P�Vpx;zF>jQ#¥;N3He^@LOJM>j>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?G¥\zF[e_Vz-NC_/_UDFLOLO>@A7[IT-d->/EC[e_UN3ACDFLO[ITFJ ,�././. ¥;>/LO>jS&NMQOz9TFNMLOR7^@Ht�fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ�>/nP>/TCQV?���QOzF> ,/| } DFTF> ,�././. {ad9�3�K�Ppb�P�3xy>/zCD&^M_yc^@Tm>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>�^@T&Am�M�q[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L
,�././. {ad9�3�K�Pp | �VY;�W^@EF^M_/^9>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Pp"l%HIQOzFNMDFJMz�S&NMQOz�¥;>/LO>7[ITCQOLV^@GFHe^@QO>X>/nP>/TCQV?UY�QOzF>/LO>7[e?B^?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQKAC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U>j[IT9QOzF>/[IL%HINC_/^@QO[INMTypyx;zF>3xy>/zCD&^M_yc^@T�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@¥\^M?WHINC_/^@QO>@A9^@S&NMDFQB�M�M��CR f�LONMR�QOzF>�_UNP^M?]Q�{S[P[ITFJMz >@3�46H�W Y ,�././. �VpWx;zF> �W^@EF^M_/^ >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PY;NMT�QOzF>�NMQOzF>/L7z&^@T&A�YNC_/_UDFLOLO>@A�S&>/HIN�¥�QOzF>7_UNP^M?]QX{S[P[ITFJMz >@3L46H�W Y��M�M�M�P�VY�TF>@^@LKQOzF>7ACN�¥\T&AC[IG�>@ACJM>3N f QOzF>7^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�^@LO>@^BN f QOzF>j� . �%N@nP>/R3S&>/L/Y ,�. � ]-{adU¥W�K�Pp��M�"QOzFLOD&?]Q%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>3{S[P[ITFJMz >@3O46H�W Y ,�. ]M�P�Vp
�%>/QV^@[IHI>@A7?]QOD&AC[I>@?\N f�QOzF>B?]NMDFLV_U>jGFLONC_U>@?O?\N f�[ITCQOLV^@GFHe^@QO>K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?%^@LO>j[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\QON3DFT �AC>/LV?]QV^@T&AXQOzF>K?]QV^@QO>KN f ?]QOLO>@?O?;[ITXQOzF>jk"NC_UNP?\GFHe^@QO>PYPQOzF>jACoCT&^@RX[e_/?�N f [IQV?\?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[INMTyYCQOzF>K?]QOLO>@?O?[ITCQO>/LV^M_UQO[INMTKS&>/Q#¥;>/>/TK[ITCQO>/LOGFHe^@QO>"QOzFLOD&?]Q�� ^@T&AK[ITCQOLV^@GFHe^@QO>;TFNMLOR7^@Ht� fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?UY@^@T&AjQOzF>?]>/[e?]RX[e_�z&^ � ^@LVAB[ITjQOzF>\LO>/JM[INMTypPx;zF> ,�././. �W^@EF^M_/^%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>\[e?�QOzF> s LV?]Q�He^@LOJM>\[ITCQOLV^M?]He^@SB>/nP>/TCQ[ITBQOzF>%?]DFS�ACD&_UQO>@AXk"NC_UNP?"GFHe^@QO>\QONKS&>%^ � [IR3DFQOz&^@HIHIo6¥;>/HIHt�hLO>@_UNMLVAC>@AKSCoj>/[IJMzCQ�TF>@^@L�� ?]NMDFLV_U>W?]QOLONMTFJ �RXNMQO[INMT9?]QV^@QO[INMT&?Up�\aT9QOzF[e?WG&^@G&>/L:¥;>jGFLO>@?]>/TCQWLODFGFQODFLO>BzF[e?]QONMLOo9N f�QOzF>3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>BAC>/QO>/LORX[ITF>@Af�LONMR QOzF>K[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXN f QOzF>KTF>@^@L�� ?]NMDFLV_U>jAF^@QV^Cp
��������� ���� ��
��[IJMDFLO>B�Fpb�X?]zFN�¥%?KQOzF>j>/[IJMzCQK?]QOLONMTFJ �hRXNMQO[INMT�?]QV^@QO[INMT&?6¥\zF[e_VzU¥;>/LO>BHINC_/^@QO>@AU¥\[IQOzF[IT�^@T9>/GF[t�_U>/TCQOLV^@H"AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>BN f ,/| �P�CR9p�x;zF>3^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMJMLV^@GFz&?K^@LO> , ]��hSF[IQ=Z�QOT&^9{a?O^@RXGFHI[ITFJXLV^@QO>3�M�M�9~! FYLV^@TFJM>��#" �Vp\l%HIHW?]QV^@QO[INMT&?Z¥;>/LO>->@ZPDF[IGFG&>@At¥\[IQOz aWrg[ LO>@_U>/[InP>/LV?B^@T&A�LO>@_UNMLVAC>@A�QOzFLO>/>9_UNMRXG&N �TF>/TCQV?jN fwQOzF>XJMLONMDFT&A�^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMTyp�x;zF>-^ � [IR3DFQOz&^@H;_UN@nP>/LV^@JM>XN fwQOzF>7?]QV^@QO[INMT&?B[e?KLO>@^M?]NMT&^@SFHIoJMNPNCA�p\x;zF>-^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMJMLV^@R7?:¥;>/LO> s LV?]Q3ACNMDFSFHIo [ITCQO>/JMLV^@QO>@A�[IT QOzF>-�FNMDFLO[I>/L3ACNMR7^@[IT QON9NMSFQV^@[ITQOzF>XG&^@LOQO[e_UHI>7AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?Up�x;zF>7QOLV^M_U>@?:¥;>/LO>XQOzF>/T s HIQO>/LO>@A9S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T �Cpb� | ^@T&A �Cp ��� � YyQOzF>
��� ! ������� + �_���q� ���������%����� ! ! +�!��������� � �
-98˚ -97˚ -96˚
16˚
17˚
JAMI
LANE
PANG
RIOG
SMLC
TAMA
HUIG
OXIG
Jamiltepec
Las Negras
Puerto Angel
Rio Grande
San Martin los Canseco
Tamazulapan
Huatulco
Oaxaca
36 km37 km37 km 38 km32 km
40 km
-98˚ -97˚ -96˚
16˚
17˚
0 50
km
-110˚ -100˚ -90˚10˚
20˚
30˚
egf9hC.P�Fpb� / w 8��@4635798�:�A=4KB�;@?'8��-79:6��39?�>g?'8�DK7Il�8�:�3546H�B(DE8 � >��K35798�:�8 z 39?�> z|4�F�H^3(B�HI4�:�>=Q5<�7���79<�>E<=79:�358�� ;�p�F�4�D@>=;�F�m z|4�F�H^39; U 4�:'<_39?�>%>K7^� ?�3C;K35DE8�:6�6tSA=8635798�:n;K354635798�:�;_Q�35DK794�:6�6H�>E; U F6; >E<$79:$39?'7I;�;K35F�<�x�W ?'7I;$A=8 <�>@H��@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'< ;�358q39?�>%��>E8�A�>@35DKx�8 z{39?�> �L4�D���4�DE<�j�o ;�86HIF�35798�: Q9;K35DK7���> ��� .M| Y ¤<�7 B � | �6Y UXW ?�>G;K354�DG;@?'8���;M39?�>=>5B(7��K>K:�3S>KD=8 z�39?�>MA=4�79:�;@?'8�����W ?�>=>5B(7��K>K:�3S>KDE;�Q5D@>E<�<�8639; U 4�:'<<�>5B�39?_8 z�39?�>=>E4�D@HIx=HI4�D���>KDL4 zV3S>KDE;@?'8�����4�D@>G46H ;�8%<�7I;SB�HI4�x�>E<�8�:�39?'7I;MA=4KB�W
��� ������� ��� � �������� ���� ��� ����������� ������������� �� +�! ����"!$# � ! �����%��� ! +2+ �� # ���� �'&(� ! ��)����
f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo3S&^@T&A-D&?]>@AX[IT-NMDFL%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?UpFl\Q\HIN�¥;>/L�f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_U[I>@?"QOzF>BAF^@QV^3^@LO>jTFNMQ%LO>/HI[e^@SFHI>PpFl\QzF[IJMzF>/L�f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_U[I>@?�QOzF>K?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>W[e?�GFLONMS&^@SFHIoXQONPN3_UNMRXGFHI>/EjQONjS&>K^MAC>@ZPD&^@QO>/HIo3LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@AjSCo^BzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@HIHIo��hHe^/oP>/LO>@ABz&^@Htf ?]G&^M_U>PYFQOzF>KRXNCAC>/H�¥;>WD&?]>jQONBJM>/TF>/LV^@QO>j?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_W?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R7?Up��������� � ������������
¦�>3^M?O?]DFRX>jQOzF> fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJXQONXS&>3_UNMT s TF>@A-QON7^X?][ITFJMHI>jGFHe^@TF>Pp��%>/LO>@¥;>jGFLO>@?]>/TCQWQOzF>jLO>@?]DFHIQV?S&^M?]>@A�NMTmQOzF>gf�NC_/^@H%RX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R�JM[InP>/T [IT�QOzF>9�W^@LOnM^@LVA�k;d9x(?]NMHIDFQO[INMTyp\� f QOzF>-Q#¥;N�TFNCAF^@HGFHe^@TF>@?UY=¥;>7_VzFNPNP?]>XQOzF>3NMTF> ¥\zF[e_Vz�AC[IG&?j�GZ�{a?]QOLO[��P>M�!� .M| Y/Y�AC[IG�� | �6Y@YyLV^��P>M� �G]M�6YU�K^M?KQOzF>fh^@DFHIQ;GFHe^@TF>Pp�\aTCnP>/LV?][INMT&?2¥\[IQOzXQOzF>K?O^@RX>%G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[ � ^@QO[INMT3SFDFQ�¥\[IQOzXQOzF>K�GZ�\Ok�k;d9x�?]NMHIDFQO[INMT{a?]QOLO[��P>M�!� ,/| Y@Y�AC[IG�� |M| Y@Y�LV^��P>M� �G] , YU�KHI>@^MA9QON�?][IRX[IHe^@LWLO>@?]DFHIQV?WSFDFQ[¥\[IQOz ^P¥;NMLV?]> s Q/p�x;zF>LO>@?]DFHIQV?�NMSFQV^@[ITF>@ABSCoj_VzFNPNP?][ITFJjQOzF>%?]>@_UNMT&AjTFNCAF^@H&GFHe^@TF>%N f �W^@LOnM^@LVAXk;d9x ?]NMHIDFQO[INMTX^M?�QOzF> fh^@DFHIQGFHe^@TF>j^@He?]NBHI>@^MAXQON3^[¥;NMLV?]> s Q/pFx;zF>j?]>/HI>@_UQO[INMTXN f �GZ � AC[IGFGF[ITFJBTFNCAF^@H�GFHe^@TF>j^M?;QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ\GFHe^@TF>[e?\^@He?]N3?]DFGFG&NMLOQO>@A7SCo s nP>WN f QOzF>KHe^@LOJM>/L%^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�F?W{S[P[ITFJMz >@3O46H�W Y&�M�M�M�P��¥\zF[e_VzP¥;>/LO>WHINC_/^@QO>@A?]z&^@HIHIN�¥;>/L%^@T&A9_UHINP?]>/L\QON3QOzF>B_UNP^M?]Q%QOz&^@T9QOzF>KR7^@[IT&?]zFNC_/�XzCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/LK{a��[IJMDFLO>K�Fpb�P�Vp�x;zF> fh^@DFHIQRXNCAC>/H;^MACNMGFQO>@A�[e?j^7LO>@_UQV^@TFJMHI> ¥\[IQOz . �P�CR�^@HINMTFJ-QOzF>7?]QOLO[��P>X^@T&A�� | �CR�^@HINMTFJ-QOzF>7AC[IGyp�lnC[e?]D&^@Hy[IT&?]G&>@_UQO[INMT7N f HINC_/^@H�^@T&A7LO>/JM[INMT&^@H�AF^@QV^3?]DFJMJM>@?]QV?\QOz&^@Q%QOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>KGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@A7QON�¥\^@LVAQOzF>P¦��,¦ {S[P[ITFJMz >@3=46H�W Y;�M�M�M�P�Vp;�FNML3QOzF[e?jLO>@^M?]NMTyY"QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ3HI>/TFJMQOz QON�¥\^@LVAt¦��,¦ N f QOzF>zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/LW[e?WQV^��P>/T9QON7S&>3JMLO>@^@QO>/LKQOz&^@T�QON�¥\^@LVA$Zg[�Z\p�x;zF>3zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/LWHINC_/^@QO[INMT�{ , �C�b�M�6YU�jY� . �P�b�M�6YKZ\Y&�K�W� . p��@�CR-�VYCNMSFQV^@[ITF>@Agf�LONMR HINC_/^@H�^@T&A-LO>/JM[INMT&^@H�AF^@QV^CY&[e?%?][IQOD&^@QO>@A7[IT7QOzF>jRX[eAFACHI>N f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQB^@HINMTFJ-QOzF>[¥\[eACQOz ^@T&A��M�Cp | �CR ¦��,¦�QON7QOzF>�Zg[�ZQO[IG�N f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ/p�x;zF>�fh^@DFHIQ[e?3AC[InC[eAC>@A�[ITCQON �Pp | �CR�Em�Pp | �CR�?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?-{a��[IJMDFLO>-�Fpb�P�VpgZ"^M_Vz�?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ3[e?X_UNMRXG&NP?]>@A N f�@�m?]NMDFLV_U>�G&NM[ITCQV?P¥\zFNP?]>�LODFGFQODFLO>�[e?7AC>/He^/oP>@A�[ITmQO[IRX>-SCo�^M?O?]DFRX[ITFJ�^�_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ-�Cp����CRU§@?LODFGFQODFLO>"nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o%[IT&?][eAC>"QOzF>;?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ/p@x;zF>;QOLV^@T&? f�>/L f�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?yS&>/Q#¥;>/>/TW>@^M_Vzj?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ�^@T&AK>@^M_Vz?]QV^@QO[INMT7^@LO>K_UNMRXGFDFQO>@Aj[ITXQOzF> f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoBACNMR7^@[IT3D&?][ITFJjQOzF>KAC[e?O_ULO>/QO>G¥\^/nP>/TCDFR3S&>/L�[ITCQO>/JMLV^@QO[INMTRX>/QOzFNCA {� ;NMD&_VzFNMTyY ,�. ] , �j[IT�^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO[INMTt¥\[IQOz�QOzF>3LO>�� >@_UQO[INMT �hQOLV^@T&?]RX[e?O?][INMT�R7^@QOLO[IE-RX>/QOzFNCA{��W>/TFTF>/QOQ/Y ,�. ]M�P�Vp�x;zF>BnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oXRXNCAC>/HyD&?]>@A-[e?W?]zFN�¥\T9[IT�x�^@SFHI>B�Fpb�Cp�x;zF>3?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_/?%^@QW>@^M_Vz
*�+-,�.C�Fpb� /���>@HI8���7�35x�A=8 <�>@H�F6; >E< z|8�DG39?�> ¢ D@>@>K:�r ; z|F�: �K35798�: �@46H���F�HI4635798�:�W~��V� �����V�9����� � �����V�9����� � � �V� "u�b��� � � ��Cp � | �M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp �P�@�M�Cp �M�M�Cp , �M�Cp, �M�M�Cp | �M�M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp �P�@�M�Cp �M�M�Cp , �M�Cp| �M�M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp � | ]M�Cp �P�@�M�Cp �M�M�Cp , �M�Cp,/| �M�M� �6] | �Cp � .M| �Cp � . �M�Cp �M�M�Cp , �M�Cp�M�M�M�M�Cp ] ,/| �Cp �C� , �Cp �M�M�M�Cp �M�M�Cp , �M�Cp
?]QV^@QO[INMT-^@LO>ws T&^@HIHIoBNMSFQV^@[ITF>@A3SCo3^MAFAC[ITFJBQOzF>K_UNMTCQOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT3N f ^@HIH�QOzF>W?]NMDFLV_U>wf�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?;AC>/He^/oP>@A[ITjQO[IRX>"SCoKQOzF>;LODFGFQODFLO>\QO[IRX>�N fuQOzF>\_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@Aj?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ"^@T&A3_UNMTCnPNMHInP>@A%SCoKQOzF>%_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AC[ITFJ
��� ! ������� + �_���q� ���������%����� ! ! +�!��������� � �
QOLV^@T&? f�>/L f�DFT&_UQO[INMTyp
������� � ���� � ����������� �������� ��
¦�>BD&?]>X^XTFNMTFHI[ITF>@^@LWHI>@^M?]Q�� ?OZPD&^@LO>3[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT9?O_VzF>/RX>KS&^M?]>@A9NMT�QOzF>[¥;NMLE�9N f x�^@LV^@TCQONMHe^X>/Q¡;^@HI>/QOQO>7{ ,�. ]M�P�j^@T&A AC[e?O_UD&?O?]>@A9[IT AC>/QV^@[IH"SCo�k"NMQOQONMT�>/Q3k;^@RXGF[IHIHIN9{ ,�./.M| �j^@T&A��%>/LOT&^@T&AC> �$>@346H�W { ,�././. �Vp�¦�>KRX[ITF[IRX[ � >%QOzF>jAC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U>KS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T7NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A7^@T&A-?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_K?]G&>@_UQOLV^7{ LO>@^@H�^@T&A[IR7^@JM[IT&^@LOo�G&^@LOQV?V��f�NML7^@HIH%QOzF>9AC[e?O_ULO>/QO> f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_U[I>@?jS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T��Cpb� | ^@T&Am�Cp � � � ^@T&A f�NMLXQOzF>QOzFLO>/>3_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQV?\N f QOzF>B>/[IJMzCQK?]QV^@QO[INMT&?Up�¦�>3?]QV^@LOQ:¥\[IQOz�^@T�zFNMRXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&?W[ITF[IQO[e^@H�RXNCAC>/Hap&l_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQW�3?\LO[e?]>KQO[IRX>K^@T&A-^ , pb�BR�?]HI[IG7[IT7QOzF>jLV^��P>jAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT7[e?\^M?O?][IJMTF>@A-QON3>@^M_Vz-?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ/px;zF>B[ITF[IQO[e^@H�LODFGFQODFLO>BQO[IRX>KN f >@^M_Vz9?]DFS fh^@DFHIQK[e?W_UNMRXGFDFQO>@AP¥\[IQOz�^X�Cp��Z�CRU§@?\LODFGFQODFLO>BnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oPpx;zF>�s Q�S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TKQOzF>\AF^@QV^W^@T&AKQOzF>\?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_/?�[e?y[IRXGFLON@nP>@A\[IQO>/LV^@QO[InP>/HIo\G&>/LOQODFLOS&^@QO[ITFJWQOzF>;nM^@HIDF>@?N f QOzF>WLODFGFQODFLO>WQO[IRX>PYMQOzF>KLO[e?]>%QO[IRX>PYP^@T&AXQOzF>j?]HI[IG7^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>G¥\zF[e_Vz7AC> s TF>WQOzF>j?]z&^@G&>j^@T&AXQOzF>QO[IRX[ITFJKN f QOzF>j?]NMDFLV_U> f�DFT&_UQO[INMT7N f >@^M_Vz-?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ/p&x;zF>KG&>/LOQODFLOS&^@QO[INMT-N f NMTF>KG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L;N f QOzF>RXNCAC>/Huf�LONMR NMTF>K[IQO>/LV^@QO[INMT7QONBQOzF>KTF>/ECQ%AC>/G&>/T&AF?;TFNMQ%NMTFHIo3NMT-[IQV?;[ITF[IQO[e^@H�nM^@HIDF>WSFDFQW^@He?]NBNMT-[IQV?LO>/He^@QO[InP>;_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>Pp�¦�>%^M?O?]DFRX>@AKQOzF>\?O^@RX>"nM^@LO[e^@T&_U> f�NML�QOzF>%?]HI[IGB^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>"^@T&ABQOzF>;LO[e?]>;QO[IRX>N f ^@HIH�QOzF>K?]DFS fh^@DFQV?K{ nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>M� , �M�Cpb�P�Vp&�FNML\QOzF>WLODFGFQODFLO>KQO[IRX>%^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@A7QONB>@^M_Vz7?]DFS fh^@DFHIQG¥;>^M?O?]DFRX>@AB^%He^@LOJM>/L;^%GFLO[INMLO[FnM^@LO[e^@T&_U>K{ , � . pb�P�VpCx;zF[e?�RX>@^@T&?yQOz&^@Q"QOzF>\LODFGFQODFLO>\nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oW[e?"^@HIHIN�¥;>@AQONXnM^@LOo-?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQOHIo f�LONMR([IQV?\[ITF[IQO[e^@HynM^@HIDF>Pp�l�?]R7^@HIH�_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQ\G&>/LOG&>/T&AC[e_UDFHe^@L%QONXQOzF>jLV^��P>^@TFJMHI>W[e?;^@HIHIN�¥;>@A�f�NML\QOzF>K?]HI[IG-{ nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>M� , pb�P�;?]QV^@LOQO[ITFJ�f�LONMR ^@T7[ITF[IQO[e^@H&nM^@HIDF>WN f �CpFR9p�¦�>K^@He?]NTF>/>@A-QON7AC> s TF>3^7_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>�f�NMLWQOzF>3AF^@QV^ ¥\zF[e_Vz9LO>�� >@_UQV?\QOzF>/[ILWLO>/He^@QO[InP>KLO>/HI[e^@SF[IHI[IQ]oPp¦�>BJP^/nP>QOzF>X?O^@RX>@¥;>/[IJMzCQKQON-^@HIH�QOzF>XAF^@QV^�{ nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>M� , pb�P�Vpyx;zF[e?W[e?WLO>@^M?]NMT&^@SFHI>3S&>@_/^@D&?]>3QOzF>X?]QV^@QO[INMT&?^@LO>:¥;>/HIHyAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO>@AX[IT-?]G&^M_U>j^@T&A7QOzF>jAF^@QV^3^@LO>KLO>/HI[e^@SFHI>W[IT7QOzF> f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo3LV^@TFJM>B_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@A�px;zF>BAF^@QV^3^@QW^@HIH�?]QV^@QO[INMT&?%^@He?]N7^@GFG&>@^@L%QON3S&> f�LO>/> f�LONMR�?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQ%?][IQO>j> vu>@_UQV?Up&x;zF>jAF^@RXGF[ITFJfh^M_UQONML\N f QOzF>K[IQO>/LV^@QO[InP>%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT7?O_VzF>/RX>%[e?;QV^��P>/T7>@ZPD&^@HyQON3�Cpb� | px;zF>;LO>@?]DFHIQV?yN f NMDFL�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTB{a��[IJMDFLO>;�Fpb�P�y?]zFN�¥�QOz&^@Q�QOzF>;LODFGFQODFLO>;R7^@[ITFHIo%GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@A f�LONMR
Zg[�Z9QON,¦��,¦�^@T&AB?]HI[IJMzCQOHIoKACN�¥\T&AC[IGyY�¥\[IQOz3^@TB^/nP>/LV^@JM>;LODFGFQODFLO>;nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oK_UHINP?]>"QONK�,�CRU§@?Up@x;zF>LO[e?]>BQO[IRX>X{ HINC_/^@H"ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�N f QOzF>3LODFGFQODFLO>M�\LV^@TFJM>XS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T , ^@T&A��7?Upyx;zF>X?]HI[IG�AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTNMT9QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQK?]zFN�¥%?WQ#¥;N7^@LO>@^M?WN f �Cp | R(G&>@^���?]HI[IG-HINC_/^@QO>@A9^@S&NMDFQB�M� �CR�^@T&A9�P�Z�CR�¦��,¦N f�QOzF>jzCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/LK^@QK^@T�^/nP>/LV^@JM>BAC>/GFQOz9N f�� | �CR9p&x;zF>@?]>BQ#¥;NX?]HI[IG�^@LO>@^X^@LO>j[ITCQO>/LV_UNMTFTF>@_UQO>@A{a��[IJMDFLO>-�Fpb�P�Vp\l�?]R7^@HIHW^@LO>@^�¥\[IQOz�^���R�G&>@^��m?]HI[IG�[e?3NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A�_UHINP?]>9QON�QOzF>9zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L/px;zF>K?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_\?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R7?�_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO>@A[¥\[IQOz3QOzF>K?]NMDFLV_U>WRXNCAC>/HaYMAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@A3[ITX��[IJMDFLO>%�Fpb�CYF^@LO>_UNMRXG&^@LO>@A�¥\[IQOz QOzF>7AF^@QV^9[IT���[IJMDFLO>X�Fp �Fp"x;zF>7R7^@QV_Vz�S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T�?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_/?K^@T&A NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT[e?K^@S&NMDFQ3^M?KJMNPNCA�^M?j_/^@T�LO>@^M?]NMT&^@SFHIo�S&>3>/ECG&>@_UQO>@A { nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>3LO>@ACD&_UQO[INMT �!��]�3�VYyJM[InP>/T�QOzF>DFT&_U>/LOQV^@[ITCQO[I>@?�[ITBQOzF>;nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oWRXNCAC>/Hap@x;zF>%?]NMDFLV_U>;QO[IRX> f�DFT&_UQO[INMT3^@T&AjQOzF>\_UDFR3DFHe^@QO>@AK_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_RXNMRX>/TCQ�LO>/HI>@^M?]>@AB^M?"^ f�DFT&_UQO[INMTBN f QO[IRX>PY/_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AC[ITFJjQONWQOzF>G�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_�RXNCAC>/HCGFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@AK[IT��[IJMDFLO>\�Fpb�CYP[e?�?]zFN�¥\T3[ITX��[IJMDFLO>\�Fp | p�¦�>%TFNMQO>%QOz&^@Q"QOzF>\QONMQV^@H&RXNMRX>/TCQy[e?�^@S&NMDFQ , �^]�� , ��� ��� �9Y[IT-^@JMLO>/>/RX>/TCQM¥\[IQOz7QOzF>KNMQOzF>/L%>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@?Up
� � ������� ��� � �������� ���� ��� ����������� ������������� �� +�! ����"!$# � ! �����%��� ! +2+ �� # ���� �'&(� ! ��)����
Rise time, s
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
1
2
2
2
2
2
Rise time, s
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
0
1
2
3
4
5
s
Slip amplitude, m
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.5
0.50.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1
1
1
1
1
1.5
1.52
2
-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
Dep
th, k
m0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
m
Rupture time, s
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90Distance along strike, km
2.5
5
5
7.510
12.5
Rupture time, s
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90Distance along strike, km
-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
0.02.55.07.5
10.012.515.017.520.022.525.0
s
egf9hC.��Fpb� / o$4KB';M8 z DK7I; >L3579A�>E¤g;KHI7 Bn4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>=4�:'<�DKF�B�35F�D@>G3579A�>=8�mK354�79:�>E<�m�x�79:�3S>KD5B'86HI4635798�:8 z�39?�>=D@>E;�F�H^39;=8 z :'8�:�HI79:�>E4�D=79: � >KDE;�798�:$8�mK354�79:�>E<�z|8�DL39?�> z|4�F�H^3���>E8�A�>@35DKx �@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'<�79:6��358�39?�>�L4�D���4�DE<�j�o ;�86HIF�35798�:�W ?�>Lu%s 357 Bn8 z 39?�> z|4�F�H^3C7I;�463g39?�>M358KBnDK7^� ?�3SW ?�>M4�DKDE8���;M79:'<�7��@463S>39?�>MD@>@HI46357�� >MA=8635798�:_8 z�39?�>G?'4�:6��79:6� �-46H�H�W
��� ! ������� + �_���q� ���������%����� ! ! +�!��������� ���
egf9hC.&�Fp � /21�35DE8�:6�6tSA=8635798�:�; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;�Q5D@>E<M;�86HI79<�HI79:�>E; U 4�:'<=;�x6:�39?�>@357��M; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;�Q5mKHIF'><�863�3S>E<�HI79:�>E; UXWg1(x6:�39?�>@357��@;�4�:'<_8�m@; >KD���4635798�:�;%4�D@>GB�HI863�3S>E<$8�:n39?�>=;�4�A�>M;�@46H�>�W ?�>=;�x6:�39?�>@357��@;�@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'<=358�39?�>G;�86HIF�35798�:�;@?'8��-:_79:��g7^��F�D@>��(W���W
��� ������� ��� � �������� ���� ��� ����������� ������������� �� +�! ����"!$# � ! �����%��� ! +2+ �� # ���� �'&(� ! ��)����
0
10
20S
ourc
e T
ime F
unction, 10
18
N.m
.s-1
-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30Time, s
0
1
2
Seis
mic
Mom
ent, 1
02
0N
.m
-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30Time, s
Harvard CMT
egf9hC.M�Fp | / 1(8�F�D��K>�3579A�> z|F�: �K35798�:�4�:'< ��F�A=F�HI463S>E<=A=8�A�>K:�3 �@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'<�79:6�G358L39?�>OA=8 <�>@H�;@?'8��-:79: �g7^��F�D@> �(W���W ?�>MD@>E;�F�H^39;M4�D@> �@8�ACB'4�D@>E< �-7�39?�8639?�>KDMD@>E;�F�H^39;Mm@4 ; >E<�8�:�3S>@H�>E; >K7I;�A=7���<�46354�W
��� ! ������� + �_���q� ���������%����� ! ! +�!��������� � ���������� � ����� �� �������
x;zF>L[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L��M�CY ,�././. �W^@EF^M_/^K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>G¥\^M?;^KTFNMLOR7^@Ht� fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJW>/nP>/TCQ2¥\zF[e_VzBNC_/_UDFL��LO>@A�^@Qj^-AC>/GFQOz�N fw^@S&NMDFQj� | �CR�[IT�QOzF>X?]DFS�ACD&_UQO>@A�k"NC_UNP?jGFHe^@QO>Pp��%DFLB?]NMDFLV_U>3[IR7^@JM>PY&S&^M?]>@ANMT9QOzF>BHIN�¥ � f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo7_UNMTCQO>/TCQ%N f ?]QOLONMTFJ �hRXNMQO[INMT�AF^@QV^CYy?]zFN�¥%?WQOz&^@QWQOzF>BLODFGFQODFLO>jGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@Af�LONMR Zg[�Z�QON�¦��,¦ ^@T&A ?]HI[IJMzCQOHIo�ACN�¥\T&AC[IGyp"l(?]>/[e?]RX[e_jRXNMRX>/TCQKN f ^@S&NMDFQ , �^] � , ��� ��� �9Y_UNMT&?][e?]QO>/TCQ[¥\[IQOz QO>/HI>@?]>/[e?]RX[e_j>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@?UYy[e? f�NMDFT&A�p"x;zF>->@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>7_UNMT&?][e?]QO>@A N fwQ#¥;N9R7^@[ITyY[ITCQO>/LV_UNMTFTF>@_UQO>@A�Y � NMTF>@?KN fw?]HI[IG�HINC_/^@QO>@A��M�9^@T&A��P�P�CR ¦��,¦ N f QOzF>XzCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L/p��%nP>/LKQOzF>,/| ?"LODFGFQODFLO>WACDFLV^@QO[INMTXQOzF>W^/nP>/LV^@JM>%LODFGFQODFLO>%nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o:¥\^M?;�:�CRU§@?UpPx;zF>%QO[IRX[ITFJWN f QOzF>%LODFGFQODFLO>[e?%TF>/nP>/LOQOzF>/HI>@?O?\G&NPNMLOHIo�_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@A9ACDF>BQON7QOzF>3?]NMDFLV_U>3AC>/GFQOz�^@T&A9QOzF>BGFLONMSFHI>/R�N f�QOLV^MAC>3N vS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T7?]HI[IGyYFLO[e?]>WQO[IRX>W^@T&A7LODFGFQODFLO>KnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oB[IT7QOzF>KRXNCAC>/Huf�NMLOR3DFHe^@QO[INMTypx;zF>3>@^@LOHIoPY&He^@LOJM>/LK^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�F?UYy^@HIH�TFNMLOR7^@Ht� fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJX>/nP>/TCQV?UY%¥;>/LO>3?]z&^@HIHIN�¥;>/LB{aAC>/GFQOz&?%S&>/Q��
¥;>/>/T��M�-^@T&A��6] �CR-�%^@T&A�_UHINP?]>/LKQON7QOzF>X_UNP^M?]QKQOz&^@T�QOzF>3R7^@[IT9?]HI[IG � NMTF>BN f QOzF>BR7^@[IT&?]zFNC_/��px;zF[e?KNMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT�^@HINMTFJU¥\[IQOz�QOzF>XLODFGFQODFLO>XzF[e?]QONMLOo9N fwQOzF>3R7^@[IT&?]zFNC_/��Y�?]zFNMDFHeA�JM[InP>3[IT&?][IJMzCQV?^@S&NMDFQ%QOzF>j?]QV^@QO>jN f�?]QOLO>@?O?;N f QOzF>j?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[ITFJ7k"NC_UNP?\GFHe^@QO>3{SaW^@LVAC[ >@3O46H�W Y&�M�M�M�P�Vpx;zF>"LO>@_UDFLOLO>/T&_U>�G&>/LO[INCAWN f He^@LOJM>"QOzFLOD&?]Qy>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?�[ITWQOzF[e?y?]>/JMRX>/TCQ�N f QOzF>"GFHe^@QO>�S&NMDFT&AF^@LOo
[e?;^@S&NMDFQ | �joP>@^@LV?W{S[P[ITFJMz >@3O46H�W Y ,�. ] , �Vp�[P[IT&_U>%QOzF>KHe^M?]Q%?]D&_VzX>/nP>/TCQ;[ITXQOzF[e?;LO>/JM[INMTXNC_/_UDFLOLO>@AX[IT,�. � ]�{adU¥W�K�Pp��M�VYyQOzF> ,�././. [ITCQOLV^M?]He^@S�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>3QONPN���GFHe^M_U>3LONMDFJMzFHIo9[IT�QOzF>3RX[eAFACHI>jN f QOzF>>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>W_UoF_UHI>Pp�¦�>/LO>%QOzF>@?]>WQ#¥;Nj>/nP>/TCQV?�LO>/He^@QO>@A��%x;zF>6�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_\AC>@?O_ULO[IGFQO[INMT3N f QOzF>K?]NMDFLV_U>GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@AK[ITBQOzF[e?�G&^@G&>/L�[e?�^ws LV?]Q"?]QO>/GBQONK?]QOD&ACoBQOzF>;G&NP?O?][ISFHI>W?]QOLO>@?O?�[ITCQO>/LV^M_UQO[INMTjS&>/Q#¥;>/>/TjQOzF>@?]>Q#¥;NB>/nP>/TCQV?Up� +�� ����� # ����&(����� �
¦�>-^@LO>XJMLV^@QO> f�DFH\QON�xWp"d-[��CDFRXN f�NML�f�LODF[IQ�f�DFH\AC[e?O_UD&?O?][INMT&?Up2¦�>XQOz&^@T%� d�p"k"NC_/_UN�^@T&A ^@T^@TFNMTCoCRXNMD&?"LO>/nC[I>�¥;>/L f�NML\zF>/HIG f�DFHy_UNMRXRX>/TCQV?Up�¦�>KQOz&^@T%� ¡Bp%�WNP?]QOLONMJMHINCACN@n f�NML\zF[e?"zF>/HIG7[ITXQOzF>GFLO>/G&^@LV^@QO[INMTBN f QOzF>�s JMDFLO>@?�^@T&Ajd�p��W[��CD&_VzF[ f�NML�GFLON@nC[eAC[ITFJ\D&?T¥\[IQOzjQOzF>;QO>/HI>@?]>/[e?]RX[e_�?]NMDFLV_U> �hQO[IRX>f�DFT&_UQO[INMTBGFLO[INML"QONWGFDFSFHI[e_/^@QO[INMTypPx;zF>\LO>@?]>@^@LV_Vz[¥\^M?�G&^@LOQOHIoB?]DFGFG&NMLOQO>@A3SCo3k\�W�WlWk�Kx�{adc>/EC[e_UNC�GFLON ��>@_UQV? } �M�M�M�6]�� x�^@T&A�aW� | ]@�P��� xWY�^@T&AU�LaWlWr�l�{5cW�WlWd���GFLON ��>@_UQC\]� , � .M|/. ]Cp
� � ������� ��� � �������� ���� ��� ����������� ������������� �� +�! ����"!$# � ! �����%��� ! +2+ �� # ���� �'&(� ! ��)����+-,�� �!5319:��@8�|�</531=&>K?Cc>/[e?]RX>%AC>j�W^@EF^M_/^jACD7�M�B?]>/GFQO>/R3SFLO> ,�././. Y\c>/QV^@[IQ"DFT7?Cc>/[e?]RX>\>/T fh^@[IHIHI>\TFNMLOR7^@HI>WZPDF[�?U` >@?]QGFLONCACDF[IQBi^jHa` [ITCQFc>/LO[I>/DFL;AC>KHe^jGFHe^MZPDF>Bk"NC_UNP?Up�%NMD&?-^/nPNMT&?7GFLFc>@?]>/TCQFc>�DFT�?O_�c>/T&^@LO[IN�_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>-G&NP?O?][ISFHI>�G&NMDFL�_U>�?Cc>/[e?]RX>-S&^M?Cc>�?]DFL-HI>
_UNMTCQO>/TCDKS&^M?O?]>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>"AC>@?�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?�AC>"RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ f�NMLOQ/pM=�^\LODFGFQODFLO>\?U` >@?]QyGFLONMG&^@J�c>/>\ACDB?]D&A��>@?]QynP>/LV?�AC>"TFNMLVA��hNMDF>@?]Q�>/Q�H/c>/JFi>/LO>/RX>/TCQFnP>/LV?�HI>�S&^M?UpP=&>"RXNMRX>/TCQ&?][e?]RX[eZPDF>�>@?]QO[IRmc>;{ , �^] � , ��� ��� �-�>@?]Q;>/TX^M_/_UNMLVA7^/nP>@_;HI>@?Bc>/QOD&AC>@?"QFc>/H/c>@?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?UpM=�^jLODFGFQODFLO>K^jACDFLFc>/> ,/| �W>/Q\?U` >@?]Q"GFLONMG&^@J�c>/>j^/nP>@_DFTF>KnC[IQO>@?O?]>KAC>WHa` NMLVACLO>KAC>j���F��� �Pp�=&>j?Cc>/[e?]RX>%>@?]Q\_UNMRXG&NP?Cc>jAC>KAC>/DFE � NMTF>@?\AC>wf�NMLOQ\JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQHINC_/^@HI[e?Cc>/>@?Ki^3�M�B>/Q\�P���F��^@D-TFNMLVA��hNMDF>@?]QKAC>KHa` zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQOLO>Pp&=&>@?%AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQV?;G&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>@?"TF>j?]NMTCQG&^M?\[IT&A;c>/G&>/T&AF^@TCQV?;>/Q\TFNMD&?\HI>@?\^/nPNMT&?;[ITCnP>/LV?Cc>@?;?][IR3DFHIQV^@T\c>/RX>UTCQ/p
�j`b^@DFQOLO>@?W?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?W^/nP>@_WDFTF>jLODFGFQODFLO>jDFT9G&>/D9GFHID&?\LV^@GF[eAC>j>/Q%DFT9JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ;GFHID&?7c>/QO>/T&ACDACNMTFTF>/TCQ9c>/JP^@HI>/RX>/TCQ\DFT�^M_/_UNMLVA9^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>B^@DFE�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?Upyr�NMDFLWLFc>@?]NMD&ACLO>X_U>jGFLONMSFHai>/RX>PYFTFNMD&?nP>/LOLONMT&?BAF^@T&?3He^-G&^@LOQO[I>�\E\E\jZPDF>PY�HINMLV?OZPDF>7TFNMD&?XAC[e?]G&NP?]NMT&?XAC>-ACNMTFT\c>/>@?BJ�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@?B>/T GFHID&?AC>@?XACNMTFT\c>/>@?XAC>-RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ f�NMLOQ/Y"[IH%>@?]Q3G&NP?O?][ISFHI>�A�` [ITCnP>/LV?]>/LjHI>@?BG&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>@?BQO>/RXG&NMLO>/He?j>/QA�`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>WACD7JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ;AC> fh^��_UNMT-[IT&A;c>/G&>/T&AF^@TCQO>Pp
�
� )� !���y���� �
� ������ ���� ��� ������� � �������� � )��"� !$� ������ # $%�& !����� ��� � ��������� ������� �%�(����
�X,/. 0�132�4"576989:;2"</531�W^@T&?j_U>3_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>3TFNMD&?WDFQO[IHI[e?]NMT&?KAC>@?KACNMTFT\c>/>@?KAC>3RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQ f�NMLOQK>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>/>@?%GFL/i>@?KAC>
He^ � NMTF>BAC>KLODFGFQODFLO>jG&NMDFLK^/nPNM[IL%AC>@?\[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?\?]DFL%He^3?]NMDFLV_U>BACD-QOLO>/R3SFHI>/R3>/TPQ;AC>jQO>/LOLO>jAC>k"z&^@RXNMHI[W{a�6]9R7^@LV? ,�././. Y\�������C�b�P�Vp;k">-?Cc>/[e?]RX>X^9>/D HI[I>/D ^@D�TFNMLVA AC>7Ha`^\aT&AC>�i^-Ha` >@?]Q3ACD?Cc>/[e?]RX>BA�`^c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF["ZPDF["^/nM^@[IQjA;c>���i^X?]>@_UNMD\c>3He^3LFc>/JM[INMT�HI> ,�. �W_UQONMSFLO> ,�./. , p"k">@?K?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?\NMTCQ>/D-HI[I>/D9AF^@T&?%He^ � NMTF>jN�iD�He^BGFHe^MZPDF>j[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>j>@?]QW_VzF>/nM^@D&_Vz\c>/>KG&^@LWHe^3GFHe^MZPDF>j>/DFLV^M?][I>/TFTF>Pp�c%TF>AC>@?O_ULO[IGFQO[INMT7AC>WHe^KLODFGFQODFLO>jACD7?Cc>/[e?]RX>WA�`^c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF[�{]�������C�^]P�;^�c>/QFc>WLFc>@^@HI[e?Cc>/>%G&^@LWk"NMQOQONMT >@346H�W { ,�./. �P�Wi^KHa`b^@[eAC>\AC>WACNMTFT\c>/>@?"QFc>/H/c>@?][e?]RX[eZPDF>/?y>/Q;AC>%ACNMTFT\c>/>@?;?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[eZPDF>@?�AC>W_Vz&^@RXGjGFLONC_VzF>Ppk">/QOQO>Xc>/QOD&AC>\_UNMT&_UHIDFQ�ZPDF>;HI>\?Cc>/[e?]RX>"A�`^c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF[F^%GFLONMS&^@SFHI>/RX>/TCQy>/DjHI[I>/DB?]DFL�HI>\A;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQ�i^fh^@[ISFHI>%G&>/T&AF^@JM>j_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF^@TCQji^KHa` [ITCQO>/L�fh^M_U>\>/TCQOLO>%He^K_ULONyqDFQO>K[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>W?]DFS�ACD&_UQFc>/>W>/Q"HI>WGFLO[e?]RX>A�`b^M_/_ULFc>/QO[INMT7_UNMTCQO[ITF>/TCQV^@Hap
�%D fh^@[IQjAC>3Ha` [ITCQFc>/L@q>/Q%G&NMDFLjHa` >@?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMT9AC>3Ha`b^@H/c>@^X?][e?]RX[eZPDF>BAF^@T&?j_U>/QOQO>BLFc>/JM[INMT�{a_UNMT&?]QOLOD&_ �QO[INMT AC>3S&^@LOLV^@JM>@?j[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQV?V�VY�[IH">@?]QKDFQO[IHI>XAC>3GFLFc>@_U[e?]>/LWHe^7J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>3AC>@?wfh^@[IHIHI>@?K?][e?]RXNMJFi>/TF>@?AF^@T&?W_U>/QOQO>jLFc>/JM[INMTyp��%NMD&?W^/nPNMT&?W^@[IT&?][�LO>@_VzF>/LV_Vz\c>jZPDF>/HyG&>/T&AF^@JM>3G&>/LORX>/QOQV^@[IQ\AC>BLO>/GFLONCACDF[ILO>jHI>@?AC[tvwc>/LO>/T&_U>@?\A�`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>%NMS&?]>/LOn;c>/>@?%?]DFL%HI>@?;QOLONM[e?%_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>@?\ACD9?][IJMT&^@H�?][e?]RX[eZPDF>%>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>i^BDFTF>j?]QV^@QO[INMT9AC>KRXNMDFnP>/R3>/TCQ f�NMLOQ%QOL/i>@?;GFLONC_VzF>jACD-?Cc>/[e?]RX>KAC>Bk"z&^@RXNMHI[ap
�X,/y �-<�|2� <@:%<U2��~�6U~ ��{*4��~3</531 6U~ ���U{[�*5 �@<=&>\?Cc>/[e?]RX>"AC>\k"z&^@RXNMHI[&{a�6]\R7^@LV? ,�././. YC�������C�b�P�y^\QOD\c> , �@�WG&>/LV?]NMTFTF>@?UpP=&>@?�A;c>/J�q^@QV? f�DFLO>/TCQQOL/i>@?�[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQV?%i^Bk"z&^@RXNMHI[&>/Q"DFT3G&>/DXRXNM[IT&?"_UNMT&?Cc>@ZPDF>/TCQV?"AF^@T&?"HI>@?"^@DFQOLO>@?"nC[IHIHI>@?�AC>%He^KLFc>/JM[INMT
ACD$aW^@LOz¥\^@Hapyk">/QOQO>KLFc>/JM[INMT9ACD-TFNMLVA9AC>jHa`^\aT&AC>PYF?]>j?][IQODF>7i^BHe^�f�LONMTCQO[ai>/LO>jAC>@?\GFHe^MZPDF>@?\[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>@?>/Q3>/DFLV^M?][I>/TFTF>@?Up�Z�HIHI>7>@?]Q3Ha` DFTF>-AC>@?BLFc>/JM[INMT&?BHI>@?BGFHID&?3^M_UQO[InP>@?BAC>7Ha`b�%[IR7^@He^/oC^Cp�\aHW?U` o�GFLONCACDF[IQ
� � ������� ��� � ������������� ����������)��� !'#�! �(��� "!$# � ! ��������������=�(������� � � ���� �>/T9RXN@oP>/TFTF>KDFT�?Cc>/[e?]RX>BAC>BR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>B?]DFG\c>/LO[I>/DFLO>7i^7�XQONMD&?WHI>@?C]�i^ . ^@T&?Up�Z�T , ]M�M�CY-\aH�?U` >@?]QGFLONCACDF[IQ%AF^@T&?\_U>/QOQO>%LFc>/JM[INMTXDFT-?Cc>/[e?]RX>\QOL/i>@?;AC>@?]QOLOD&_UQO>/DFL\^/oC^@TCQ"DFTF>W[ITCQO>/T&?][IQFc>-c>/GF[e_U>/TCQOLV^@HI>7c>/JP^@HI>i^�\5dBp�\aH�>@?]Q%QOL/i>@?\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\A�`Oc>/QOD&AC[I>/L\He^3?][e?]RXNMQO>@_UQONMTF[eZPDF>WAC>B_U>/QOQO>WLFc>/JM[INMT-N�iD�AC>/DFE7S&^@LOLV^@JM>@?[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQV?%{axy>/zFLO[aYC�M�M�C� | ��>/Q\r�^@T&_VzF>@?]z¥\^@L/YF�6]6]��-�;?]NMTCQ\>/T7_UNMT&?]QOLOD&_UQO[INMT�{'¡;^@HeAC[IoC^CY ,�./. �M�Vp=&>\?Cc>/[e?]RX>�A�`^c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF[C^7c>/QFc>"HI>�GFLO>/RX[I>/L�?Cc>/[e?]RX>"�%[IR7^@He^/oP>UT%>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>�G&^@L�AC>@?�^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LONMR9i>/QOLO>@?GFLONC_VzF>@?Up%=�` zF[e?]QONM[ILO>�AC>9He^�LODFGFQODFLO>�ACD?Cc>/[e?]RX>-A�`^c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF[B{]k"NMQOQONMT >@3�46H�W Y ,�./. �P�7?]>/R3SFHI>[IT&AC[eZPDF>/LyZPDF>"HI>"?Cc>/[e?]RX>�?U` >@?]QyGFLONCACDF[IQ�?]DFL�HI>�HINMTFJWACDjA;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQ&?][IQOD\c>;^@Dj?]NMRXRX>/Q�AC>"He^;GFHe^MZPDF>[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>"?]DFS�ACD&_UQFc>/>Pp@k">;A;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQFGFHINMTFJM>;^/nP>@_�DFT fh^@[ISFHI>�G&>/T&AF^@JM>\?]NMD&?yHI>M \^M? � �%[IR7^@He^/oC^"^@D?]D&AXACDX_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQ�AC>,¡;^@[��CLO[IQV^CpCk">W_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TPQ�R7^@LVZPDF>;He^WHI[IRX[IQO>;?Cc>/G&^@LV^@TCQ;He^WG&^@LOQO[I>?][e?]RX[eZPDF>;ACDXA;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQ"{a?]DFL"He^MZPDF>/HIHI>\AC>@?�?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�_UNMRXRX>;_U>/HIDF[FA�`^c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF[&G&>/DFnP>/TCQ�^/nPNM[ILHI[I>/D���AC>KHe^KG&^@LOQO[I>W[ITCQO>/LOTF>%>/Q;GFHID&?;GFLON f�NMT&AC>jACD-_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQ�ZPDF[�>@?]Q\AC>WT&^@QODFLO>j^M?][e?]RX[eZPDF>Pp
�X,�� ��~�:\531322~,�722~ |�<�|2�*5j22~K:;2�5319<��78U~=�^3_Vz&^@q` TF>jAC>KHa`b�%[IR7^@HI^/oC^%>@?]QW_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?Cc>/>WG&^@L\DFTF>KQONMG&NMJMLV^@GFzF[I>BQOL/i>@?;R7^@LVZPD\c>/>3i^jHa`Oc>@_VzF>/HIHI>AC>WHe^WGFHe^@Tyi>/QO>PpFk">/QOQO>WQONMG&NMJMLV^@GFzF[I>K>@?]Q"HI>WLFc>@?]DFHIQV^@Q;AC>WHe^j_UNMHIHI[e?][INMT3_UNMTCQO[ITF>/TCQV^@HI>%>/TCQOLO>%He^WGFHe^MZPDF>
[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>W>/Q\He^KGFHe^MZPDF>K>/DFLV^M?][I>/TFTF>B{ad-NMHIT&^@L\>/Q%x�^@GFG&NMTF[I>/L/Y ,�. � |�� =&>@�FNMLOQ/Y ,�. � |�� x�^@GFG&NMTF[I>/L%>/Qd-NMHIT&^@L/Y ,�. �M� � =&oPNMT ��k;^@>/TX>/Q"d-NMHIT&^@L/Y ,�. ]M� � �%[C>/QM \^@LV^@T � ^@TFJM[aY ,�. ]@�C�VpFk">/QOQO>%_UNMHIHI[e?][INMTB^K_UNMR �RX>/T&_�c>W[IH�o-^3>/TCnC[ILONMT7�P�"���&p�k">/QOQO>jLFc>/JM[INMT�^3DFTgf�NMLOQWTF[InP>@^@D-AC>3?][e?]RX[e_U[IQFc>PYP>/T-> vu>/Q/Y&>/TCnC[ILONMT,/| �!AC>KHa`Oc>/TF>/LOJM[I>%?][e?]RX[eZPDF>\RXNMT&AC[e^@HI>%>@?]Q\LO>/He^M_Vz\c>/>WAF^@T&?;Ha`b�%[IR7^@He^/oP^CYP_Vz&^MZPDF>W^@TFT\c>/>Pp&=�^3_UNMHIHI[t�?][INMTX_UNMTCQO[ITF>/TCQV^@HI>%^j_ULFc>yc>%^@D3TF[InP>@^@DXAC>%Ha`b�%[IRX^@He^/oC^\AC>%TFNMR3SFLO>/D&?]>@? � NMTF>@?"AC>%GFHI[e?�>/Q;AC>%JMLV^@T&AF?_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQV?Up�=�^�GFHe^MZPDF>7[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>7JMHI[e?O?]>-?]NMD&?3He^9GFHe^MZPDF>7>/DFLV^M?][I>/TFTF>9AF^@T&?BHe^�AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT�W�GZ\p�l%D�AC>@?O?]D&?KAC>3_U>3A;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQ/Yyi^XG&>/T&AF^@JM>3QOL/i>@? fh^@[ISFHI>PY&HI>@?%LONC_VzF>@?K�%[IR7^@He^/oP>/TFTF>@?;?]NMTCQ_Vz&^@LOLO[/c>/>@?yAF^@T&?yHe^%AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTjACDB?]D&A�pM=�^W_UNMTCnP>/LOJM>/T&_U>�QONMQV^@HI>;>/TCQOLO>"Ha`^\aT&AC>�>/Q�Ha`blW?][I>�>@?]Q�AC>;Ha` NMLVACLO>AC>7�M�M�M� i^-�M�M�M���F�9p�\aH"o�^7>/TCnC[ILONMT��M�M� i^ | �M���F��AC>X_Vz&^@LOLO[e^@JM>7AC>XHe^7_ULONyqDFQO>7[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>X?]DFL>/HIHI> �hR�q>/R3>Mp��%DXTFNMLVA3nP>/LV?�HI>%?]D&A�YCHa`b�%[IR7^@He^/oP^\>@?]Q\_UNMRXG&NP?Cc>WAC>%QOLONM[e? � NMTF>@?��PHI>W�W^@DFQ�� �%[IR7^@He^/oC^{a^@D�TFNMLVAmAC>-He^�d�k;x �O�VY"HI>U \^M? � �%[IR7^@He^/oC^�{aAC>7He^�d�k;x�i^�He^�d� \xZ�V�j>/QBHI>7GFLFc> � �%[IR7^@He^/oC^{a^@D�?]D&A AC>XHe^9d� \x%�Vp"=&>7_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQWHI>3GFHID&?B^@D TFNMLVA AC>7He^ � NMTF>7AC>-_Vz&^@LOLO[e^@JM>X>@?]QBHI>_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQ=¡;^@[��CLO[IQV^B{ NMDXd�k;x�� \O�"?]>/HINMT3HI>@ZPDF>/HFHI>@?�LONC_VzF>@? f�NMLOQO>/RX>/TCQ�Rmc>/QV^@RXNMLOGFzF[e?Cc>/>@?�ACDz&^@DFQj�%[IR7^@He^/oC^B?]NMTCQB_Vz&^@LOLO[/c>/>@?K{'¡;^@HeAC[IoC^CY ,�. ]M�P�3i^XDFTF>X^@HIQO[IQOD&AC>BRXN@oP>/TFTF>jAC> | �F�9p�=�^ � NMTF>c>/GF[e_U>/TCQOLV^@HI>WACD-?Cc>/[e?]RX>WAC>Bk"z&^@RXNMHI[y?]>j?][IQODF>���D&?]QO>j^@D9?]D&A7AC>KHe^jS&^M?]>jAC>@?\_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQV?�AC>¡;^@[��CLO[IQV^W{ad�k;x�� \O�&>/Q�AC>\d-DFT&?][e^@LO[&{ad�k;x�� \E\O�&>/Q�^@DjTFNMLVAjACDB_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQ&ACDB�%NMLVAjl%HIRXNMLV^Cp=�^7HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT�AC>3Ha`Oc>/GF[e_U>/TCQOLO>BA;c>/QO>/LORX[IT\c>/>KG&^@LKHa`^\]d�� �3{a�M�C� �P�6]6Y � Y�� . � � , �6Y��BY�~���� , �F�9Y�6]KR7^@LV? ,�././. Y ,�. �b� | � , �Cp �C��>@?]Q;?][IQOD\c>/>Bi^WDFTF>KAC[ � ^@[ITF>%AC>,�C[IHINMR9i>/QOLO>@?y^@D7?]D&AXACDX_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQAC>6¡;^@[��CLO[IQV^B{ad�k;x�� \O�Vp&=&>K?Cc>/[e?]RX>WA�`^c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF[y^/nM^@[IQ\A;c>���i^K>/DXHI[I>/D3GFL/i>@?\AC>WHe^jd�k;x�i^j>/TCnC[ILONMT��� 9:5�;�9:./)*-65�&#-�7'$�./(;=]�$'>�<'7��� 9 ��;��9:./)*-���8�>�-�4�./$'06;=]�$'>�<'7��� Oj-�4�)B./-696'�$'8�(*8�c�)*WE./(��T&#d�./$'7'+,&#-�7
�� ! & ����� ��� � ������� #�! � ! � #�# � ��
� | �F� i^7Ha` >@?]QjAC>7_U>/HIDF["AC>-k"z&^@RXNMHI[ap�=�^7HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMTqcL['aL[�AC>3Ha`b�%oCG&NC_U>/TCQOLO>XACD ?Cc>/[e?]RX>3AC>k"z&^@RXNMHI[;{a�M�C� |M| �6Y � Y�� . � �P�@��Y��j�%>@?]QK?][IQOD\c>/>BQOL/i>@?%H/c>/JFi>/LO>/RX>/TCQ%^@D�TFNMLVA�ACD�_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TPQ%AC>¡;^@[��CLO[IQV^Cpy=�^X?]NMHIDFQO[INMT k;d9x�AC>BHa`^cL['aL[9{a?]QOLO[��P>M���6]M� Y YyAC[IG�� . Y Y&LV^��P>M� .M| Y �\GFLO[InC[IH/c>/JM[I>KHa` zCo��G&NMQOzyi>@?]>XACD�_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQ\?]DFLWHI>3A;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQKi^�fh^@[ISFHI>BG&>/T&AF^@JM>Pp�=&>3Rmc>@_/^@TF[e?]R3>K_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQG&^@L%Ha`^c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQCc>WA�`b�%oFAC>/LV^@S&^MA-{a?]QOLO[��P>M�m�6] | Y@Y&AC[IG��m� | Y@YCLV^��P>M� . �6Y ��£C4 ;K358@��7 �@8�A=A=F�:'7��@4635798�:B�>KDE;�8�:':�>@H�H�> ������� �\GFLO[InC[IH/c>/JM[I>B^@D�_UNMTCQOLV^@[ILO>3DFTF>BLODFGFQODFLO>X?]DFLKDFT�_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQ\GFHID&?WG&>/TCQFc>Ppk">@?\AC>/DFEXRmc>@_/^@TF[e?]RX>@?�AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQV?\ACNMTFTF>/TCQ%AC>@?;G&>/T&AF^@JM>@?\LV^@[e?]NMTFT&^@SFHI>@?%A�` DFT7G&NM[ITCQ%AC>KnCDF>jAC>He^K?][e?]RXNMQO>@_UQONMTF[eZPDF>%AC>%He^WLFc>/JM[INMTyp�\aH&>@?]Q;ACNMT&_\T\c>@_U>@?O?O^@[ILO>WAC>W_UNMT&?][eA;c>/LO>/L;AC>/DFEBG&NP?O?][ISF[IHI[IQFc>@?�G&NMDFLHe^3J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>BAC>BHe^X?]NMDFLV_U>Pp�=&>3GFLO>/RX[I>/L%?O_�c>/T&^@LO[IN7_UNMT&?][e?]QO>-i^ fh^@[ILO>BHa` zCoCG&NMQOzyi>@?]>BZPDF>BHI>3?Cc>/[e?]RX>?U` >@?]Q�GFLONCACDF[IQ;?]DFL�DFTF>�fh^@[IHIHI>Ki^%QOL/i>@? fh^@[ISFHI>;G&>/T&AF^@JM>j{ . YU�Vp��W^@T&?�HI>\?]>@_UNMT&AB?O_�c>/T&^@LO[INFY@NMT3_UNMT&?][eA�i>/LO>ZPDF>KHI>K?Cc>/[e?]RX>W^B>/D7HI[I>/D7?]DFL%DFTF> fh^@[IHIHI>K_VzF>/nM^@D&_Vz&^@TCQO>WGFHID&?;G&>/TCQFc>/>3{a� | YU�Vp
�X,]+ z�{ �~W5Z� �~%2�4;<�~ 6U~ ��{��x{B< � ��~��� ���� � ��� �������������� ���� ��� � �� ���� �� ����
=&>3QOLO>/R3SFHI>/R3>/TCQ%AC>BQO>/LOLO>XAC>7k"z&^@RXNMHI[�^�c>/QFc>B>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>BG&^@L ,/, ?]QV^@QO[INMT&?jAC>BRXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQHINC_/^@HI[e?Cc>/>@?3AF^@T&?7DFTmLV^/oPNMT�AC> ,/| ���F� ^@DFQONMDFL-AC>9Ha`Oc>/GF[e_U>/TCQOLO>Pp"k">@?X?]QV^@QO[INMT&?7^@GFG&^@LOQO>/T&^@TCQ�i^Ha`^c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQFc>-AC> b NPNMLE�P>/>�NMTCQ7>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>9HI>@?3QOLONM[e?7_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>@?XACD�RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQB?][e?]RX[eZPDF>PpxyLONM[e?%AC>j_U>@?;?]QV^@QO[INMT&?%?]NMTCQW?][IQOD\c>/>@?;GFL/i>@?\AC>KHe^B?]NMDFLV_U>Ppd9^@HIzF>/DFLO>/D&?]>/RX>/TCQKHI>7R7^@T&ZPDF>7AC>-QO>/RXG&?j^@S&?]NMHIDyY"Ha`b^@S&?]>/T&_U>-AC>@?jGFLO>/RX[ai>/LO>@?WGFz&^M?]>@?XAF^@T&?
HI>@?WACNMTFT\c>/>@?%>/QWHI>@?\[IT&_U>/LOQO[IQOD&AC>@?%_UNMT&_U>/LOT&^@TCQWHe^3HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT�AC>BHa` zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQOLO>j>/QWHe^3J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>AC>jHe^3?]NMDFLV_U>BTF>jTFNMD&?%NMTCQ/Y&G&NMDFLWHa` [IT&?]QV^@TCQ/YFG&^M?%G&>/LORX[e?\AC>jQOLONMDFnP>/LWAC>jRXNCA�i>/HI>@?\_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>@?ACNMTFT&^@TCQ%DFT-^M_/_UNMLVA-?O^@QO[e? fh^@[e?O^@TCQW^@DFE7ACNMTFT\c>/>@?Up
Z�T-QOLV^@[IQV^@TCQ\HI>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?UYFTFNMD&?\TFNMD&?W?]NMRXRX>@?�T\c>@^@TFRXNM[IT&?;^@G&>/L �_UD&?%ZPDF>KHa` DFTF>KAC>@?%?]QV^@QO[INMT&?ZPDF[�^/nM^@[IQW>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>jHI>B?Cc>/[e?]RX>KGFL/i>@?WAC>jHe^X?]NMDFLV_U>3^/nM^@[IQWDFTF>3^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>j?]>/HINMT-He^X_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>TFNMLVA3S&>@^@D&_UNMDFG7GFHID&?"[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQO>WZPDF>W?]DFL;HI>@?;^@DFQOLO>@?;_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>@?%{a��[IJMDFLO> | p , �Vp&k">/QOQO>W_/^@LV^M_ �QFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>BnM^XTFNMD&?KG&>/LORX>/QOQOLO>3AC>XAC[e?O_ULO[IRX[ITF>/L\HI>@?KAC>/DFE-zCoCG&NMQOzyi>@?]>@?KJ�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[eZPDF>@?%ZPDF>3TFNMD&?^/nPNMT&?\_U[IQFc>/>@?;^@D-G&^@LV^@JMLV^@GFzF>BGFLFc>@_�c>@AC>/TCQ/p
��� ����� � ��� ������ ���� ������ ����� ��� � �� ���� ��� ��� �������
�%NMD&?W_UNMT&?][eA;c>/LONMT&?%AC>/DFE7G&NP?O?][ISF[IHI[IQFc>@?\G&NMDFLWHe^3J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>KAC>jHe^�fh^@[IHIHI>Pp�=&> � + ���� ! � ��� �9{a��[t�JMDFLO> | pb�P�%>@?]QjS&^M?Cc>7?]DFLjHe^7?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�k;d9x�AC>3Ha`^cL['aL[&pyr�NMDFLB_U>X?O_�c>/T&^@LO[INFYyTFNMD&? fh^@[e?]NMT&?KHa` zCo��G&NMQOzyi>@?]>XZPDF>BHe^�fh^@[IHIHI>B^XDFT�^ � [IR3DFQ%AC>X�6]M�6YKG&^@LKLV^@GFG&NMLOQB^@D�TFNMLVA9>/QKZPDF>3?]NMT�G&>/T&AF^@JM>3nM^@DFQ. Y/p&=&>KRX[IHI[I>/D3AC>WHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>K?]>WQOLONMDFnP>3i^jDFTF>KGFLON f�NMT&AC>/DFL%AC> ,/| �F�9p�=�^3AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTXACD7JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQAF^@T&?;HI>WGFHe^@T-AC>wfh^@[IHIHI>%>@?]Q\?]DFGFG&NP?Cc>/>7q>/QOLO>K_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQO>W>/Q;nM^@DFQ .M| Y@p&=&> � + ���� ! � ��� �-{a��[IJMDFLO> | pb�P�>@?]Q;S&^M?Cc>j?]DFL\He^j?]NMHIDFQO[INMT9k;d9x�AC>WHa`^c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQFc>\A�`b�%oFAC>/LV^MAF^@SypFr�NMDFL%_U>K?O_�c>/T&^@LO[INFYCTFNMD&?�fh^@[e?]NMT&?
� � ������� ��� � ������������� ����������)��� !'#�! �(��� "!$# � ! ��������������=�(������� � � ���� �
egf9hC. | p , /��M8�:':LJ>@>E;�<�>%A=8�F � >KA�>K:�3 z|8�D@3M>K:'D@>���7I;K35D-J>@>E;y}4$HI4_;K354635798�:��(N�1�79:�3�J>���D-J>@>E;$>K:q<CJ>@tB�HI4��K>KA�>K:�3=>@3�� H^35D-J>@>E;_>K:�35D@> � W9R_>@3 �C�b�"~! W w r 4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>�<�F$<CJ>5B�HI4��K>KA�>K:�3�>E;K3LmK>E4�F �@8�F�B_B�HIF6;79ACB'8�D@354�:�3S>C;�F�DGHI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>CuL8�DE<�p�F'>G;�F�DGH�>E; �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>E;Gv�;K3O>@3 ��>KD@357��@46H�>�W
Ha` zCoCG&NMQOzyi>@?]>%ZPDF>\He^wfh^@[IHIHI>%^WDFTX^ � [IR3DFQ�AC>%�6] | Y;G&^@L"LV^@GFG&NMLOQ%^@D3TFNMLVAB>/Q;ZPDF>%?]NMTXG&>/T&AF^@JM>%nM^@DFQ� | Y p"=&>7?]NMRXRX>/QjAC>XHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>X>@?]Q7i^ | �F��AC>XGFLON f�NMT&AC>/DFL/p;=�^9AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT ACD JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQKAF^@T&?HI>BGFHe^@T AC>�fh^@[IHIHI>B>@?]Qj?]DFGFG&NP?Cc>/>�q>/QOLO>3_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQO>X>/QWnM^@DFQ . �6Y3{ Rmc>@_/^@TF[e?]RX>KGFDFLO>/RX>/TCQ%[ITCnP>/LV?]>M�Vp�W^@T&?jHI>@?KAC>/DFE�_/^M?UY�He^ fh^@[IHIHI>B>@?]QjRXNCA;c>/HI[e?Cc>/>BG&^@LjDFT�LO>@_UQV^@TFJMHI>7AC>X� | �F��AC>XHINMTFJ-G&^@LB� | �F�AC>3He^@LOJM>Pp�=�^ fh^@[IHIHI>B>@?]QjAC[InC[e?Cc>/>B>/T�?]NMD&? fh^@[IHIHI>@?W_/^@LOLFc>/>@?KAC> | �F��AC>X_CqNMQFc>Pp�k"z&^MZPDF>7?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>>@?]QK_UNMRXG&NP?Cc>/>BAC> , �M�XG&NM[ITCQV?K?]NMDFLV_U>@?Upy�%NMD&?W?]DFGFG&NP?]NMT&?jZPDF>BHe^3LODFGFQODFLO>3?]>BGFLONMG&^@JM>XACD9TFNMLVAnP>/LV?jHI>7?]D&Ai^-Ha` [ITCQFc>/LO[I>/DFLjAC>-_Vz&^MZPDF>7?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>-^/nP>@_3DFTF>7nC[IQO>@?O?]>-AC>7LODFGFQODFLO>-AC>-�C�����F��� �Pp=&>@? f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?BAC>�a%LO>/>/T�?]NMTCQ3_/^@He_UDFH/c>/>@?%G&NMDFL3_Vz&^MZPDF>XG&NM[ITCQB?]NMDFLV_U>�i^7Ha`b^@[eAC>XAC>XHe^7Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>AC>@?\TFNMR3SFLO>@?\A�` NMT&AC>@?WAC[e?O_ULO>/QV?K{��W>/TFTF>/QOQ\>/Q6�W>/LOLOoPY ,�. � .�� ;NMD&_VzFNMTyY ,�. ] , �%AF^@T&?WDFT-RX[IHI[I>/D9i^?]QOLV^@QO[tsu_/^@QO[INMT-GFHe^@TF>3{ax�^@SFHI>@^@D | p , �Vp
��� ����� �� � ��� � �� ������ ����� ��� ��������� �
r�NMDFL7_Vz&^MZPDF>-?O_�c>/T&^@LO[INFY"TFNMD&?7^/nPNMT&?3_/^@He_UDFH/c>7HI>@?3?][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>/?j?]oCTCQOz\c>/QO[eZPDF>@?BACD&?9i^�DFTJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ\DFTF[IQV^@[ILO>B?]DFLK_Vz&^M_UDFTF>3AC>@?W?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>@?W_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQWHe^X?]NMDFLV_U>Pp�k">@?W?][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>@??]oCTCQOz\c>/QO[eZPDF>@?�s HIQOLFc>@?\>/TCQOLO>j�Cp , >/Q%�C�b�"~! XRXNMTCQOLO>/TCQ\He^3_UNMTCQOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT9AC>B_Vz&^MZPDF>j?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>B^@DRXNMDFnP>/RX>/TPQ&?][e?]RX[eZPDF>\i^\He^\?]QV^@QO[INMT } �L[KAF^@T&?yHI>"_/^M?yACDB?O_�c>/T&^@LO[IN , {a��[IJMDFLO> | p �C�&>/Q�ACDj?O_�c>/T&^@LO[IN%�{a��[IJMDFLO> | p | ��=�`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>KACD�A;c>/GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQKi^BHe^X?]QV^@QO[INMT } �L[&Y&G&NMDFLWDFT-JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ\DFTF[IQV^@[ILO>
�� ! & ����� ��� � ������� #�! � ! � #�# � �%�
79˚ 15' 79˚ 30'30˚ 15'
30˚ 30'
30˚ 45'
IMD
USGS
ALM
BAR
CHI
GHAGOP
JOS
LANRUR
TEH
UKH
UTT
79˚ 15' 79˚ 30'30˚ 15'
30˚ 30'
30˚ 45'
0 5 10km
egf9hC. | pb� / ¢ J>K8�A�J>@35DK7�>%<�>�HI4 z|4�7�H�H�>_4�x64�:�3 �|8�FGJ>�HI8�DE;�<�F$;�J>K7I;�A�>%<�>_j�?'4�A=86HI7�W � + ���� ! � ��� �Q9;�86HIF�35798�:nj�o <�>GHEr���1 ¢ 1 U t-B'8�F�D��K>C;��J>K:'4�DK798�¤g:'8�F6; z|4�7I;�8�:�;GHEr ?'x@B'8639?O}>E; >Mp�F'>GHI40z|4�7�H�H�>M4�F�:4 l�79A=F�3-<�> �6]M�6Y B'4�DODE4KB�B'8�D@3(4�F�:'8�DE<�>@3-p�F'>O;�8�:LB�>K:'<�4���>���4�F�3 . Y W w 4M<�79D@>��K35798�:�<�FL�6HI7I;@; >KA�>K:�3<�4�:�;GH�>�B�HI4�:%<�> z|4�7�H�H�>M>E;K3�;�F�B�B'8 ;�J>�>��>@35D@> �@8�:�;K354�:�3S>M>@3 ��4�F�3�.M| Y Q5A�J>��@4�:'7I;�A�>G79: � >KDE; >L4�� >��LF�:�>35D(}>E;LH6J>S��}>KD@> �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>L<�>EP 35D@> UXW w >GA=7�HI7�>KF�<�>LHI4 z|4�7�H�H�>�>E;K3%}4�,/| �F� <�>OB(DE8 z|8�:'<�>KF�D�W w 4 z|4�7�H�H�>>E;K3=A=8 <CJ>@HI7I;�J>�>=B'4�D�F�:qD@>��K354�:6�6H�>_<�> � | �F� <�>%HI8�:6�q>@3=<�> � | �F� <�>%HI4�D���>�WgvgH�H�>$>E;K3=<�7���7I;�J>�>>K: ����;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>E; �@4�DKD-J>�>E;=<�>%| �F� <�> ���863�J>�W w >E;M35DE8�7I;L;K354635798�:�;=<�>=A=8�F � >KA�>K:�3 z|8�D@3gH�>E;GB�HIF6;B(DE8��@?�>E;G<�>OHI4M;�8�F�D��K>C<�F=;�J>K7I;�A�>G<�>Mj�?'4�A=86HI7�;�8�:�3�D@>5B(D-J>E; >K:�3�J>�>E;gB'4�DC<�>E;G35DK794�:6�6H�>E; W w >E;��K>KD��KH�>E;�@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'<�>K:�3g4�F6P%D-J>5B�HI79p�F'>E;�<�F�;�J>K7I;�A�>=<�>�j�?'4�A=86HI7�W w >E;MA�J>��@4�:'7I;�A�>E;�4�F�z|8�x�>KDM<CJ>@3S>KDKA=79:LJ>E;B'4�DLHEr���1 ¢ 1�>@3CHEr��-:'7�� >KDE;�7�3�J>%<�r �Lx6<�>KDE4�m@4�<�>@3GH�>E;�HI8��@46HI7I;�4635798�:�;�<�>=HEr ?'x@B'8��K>K:�35D@>L; >@HI8�:nHEr���1 ¢ 1>@3gHEr �Eo �~;�8�:�3$J>S��46H�>KA�>K:�3G79:'<�79p�FGJ>E; W
� � ������� ��� � ������������� ����������)��� !'#�! �(��� "!$# � ! ��������������=�(������� � � ���� �
79˚ 15' 79˚ 30'30˚ 15'
30˚ 30'
30˚ 45'
IMD
USGS
ALM
BAR
CHI
GHAGOP
JOS
LANRUR
TEH
UKH
UTT
79˚ 15' 79˚ 30'30˚ 15'
30˚ 30'
30˚ 45'
0 5 10km
egf9hC. | pb� / ¢ J>K8�A�J>@35DK7�>%<�>�HI4 z|4�7�H�H�>_4�x64�:�3 �|8�FGJ>%HI8�DE;%<�F$;�J>K7I;�A�>%<�>_j�?'4�A=86HI7�W � + ���� ! � ��� �
Q9;�86HIF�35798�:�j�o <�>LHEr��-:'7�� >KDE;�7�3�J>�<�r �Lx6<�>KDE4�m@4�<VU t-B'8�F�D �K>G;��J>K:'4�DK798�¤C:'8�F6; z|4�7I;�8�:�;MHEr ?'x@B'8639?O}>E; >p�F'>�HI4 z|4�7�H�H�>�4_F�:q4 l�79A=F�3L<�> �6] | Y B'4�D�DE4KB�B'8�D@3C4�Fn:'8�DE<$>@3Lp�F'>�;�8�:�B�>K:'<�4���> ��4�F�3 � | Y W w 4<�79D@>��K35798�: <�Fn�6HI7I;@; >KA�>K:�3�<�4�:�;$H�>%B�HI4�: <�> z|4�7�H�H�>q>E;K3=;�F�B�B'8 ;�J>�> �>@35D@> �@8�:�;K354�:�3S>q>@3 ��4�F�3�. � YQ5A�J>��@4�:'7I;�A�>�B(F�D@>KA�>K:�3�79: � >KDE; > UXW w >g;�8�A=A�>@3-<�>CHI4 z|4�7�H�H�>=>E;K3�}4W| �F� <�>�B(DE8 z|8�:'<�>KF�D�W w 4 z|4�7�H�H�>>E;K3CA=8 <CJ>@HI7I;�J>�>OB'4�DLF�:_D@>��K354�:6�6H�>�<�> � | �F� <�>LHI8�:6�_>@3O<�> � | �F� <�>MHI4�D���>�W�vgH�H�>�>E;K3O<�7���7I;�J>�>�>K:���=;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>E; �@4�DKD-J>�>E;M<�>\| �F� <�> ���863�J>�W
*�+-,�. | p ,�/2o$8 <�}>@H�>M<�> ��7�3S>E;@; >=D-J>S��798�:'46H ¤OF�357�HI7I;�J>CB'8�F�D��@46H���F�H�>KDMH�>E; z|8�: �K35798�:�;�<�> ¢ D@>@>K:�Wr�LON f�NMT&AC>/DFL/YFR ¡WGyYCRU§@? ¡K?UYFRU§@? � Y&� " �@� � � G � ?
�Cp � . �M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp ,�. �M�Cp �M�M�Cp , �M�Cp�M�M�M�Cp |M| �M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp �M�M�Cp ,/| �Cp,/| �M�M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp � | �M�Cp �P�@�M�Cp �M�M�Cp �P�M�Cp�M�M�M�M�Cp �6]M�M�Cp � . �M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp �M�M�Cp �P�M�Cp� | �M�M�Cp ]M�M�M�Cp ��]M�M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp �M�M�Cp �P�M�Cp
�� ! & ����� ��� � ������� #�! � ! � #�# � � �
egf9hC. | p � / j�8�:�35DK79m�F�35798�:q<�> �@?'4���F�:�>%<�>E; ����;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>E;~}4�HI4_;�79A=F�HI4635798�:�<�FnA=8�F � >KA�>K:�3;�7I;�A=79p�F'>�}4�HI4%;K354635798�: �(N�1q<�4�:�;�H�> �@4 ;�<�F � + ���� ! � ��� � W2�O8�F�D �K> �@46H���F�Hg<�79D@>��K3G:'8�F6;�4���8�:�;;�F�B�B'8 ;�J>Cp�F'>CH�>C3S>KACB';L<�>GA=8�:�3�J>�>�J>@354�7�3 �@8�:�;K354�:�3g>@3�J>S��46HM}4�, � ¤-HI4L;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�> �@8�:�;�79<CJ>KD-J>�>g�6HI7I;@; >4�� >��CF�:�>O4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>O<�> , � 46HI8�DE;Op�F'>gH�>E;G4�F�35D@>E;O:�>-�6HI7I;@; >K:�3�B'4 ;/¤L}4LHEr 79:�3�J>KDK7�>KF�DO<�> �@?'4�p�F'>�;�8�F6;Ktz|4�7�H�H�>E¤GHI4_DKF�B�35F�D@>M; >GB(DE8KB'4���>=<�F$:'8�DE< � >KDE;�H�>=;�F�<�4�� >��%F�:�> ��7�3S>E;@; >�<�> �C�����F��� � W w r@J>��@?�>@H�H�>>K:�4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>_>E;K3LHI4�A �>KA�>=B'8�F�D�358�F�3S>E;�H�>E;%;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>E;n>@3OB'8�F�D�H�>E;�35DE8�7I; �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>E;�<�F<CJ>5B�HI4��K>KA�>K:�3SW w >E;M35DE4�7�39;=DE8�F ��>E;�>@3 � :�; �@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'<�>K:�3�}4%HI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>LuL8�DE<�¤gH�>E;LB'8�79:�357�H�H6J>E;mKH�>KF6;�}4�HI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>Cv�;K3C>@3gH�>E;M35DE4�7�39; � >KD@39;�J>5B'4�7I;�}4�HI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S> ��>KD@357��@46H�>�W
� � ������� ��� � ������������� ����������)��� !'#�! �(��� "!$# � ! ��������������=�(������� � � ���� �
egf9hC. | p | / j�8�:�35DK79m�F�35798�:q<�> �@?'4���F�:�>%<�>E; ����;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>E;~}4_HI4�;�79A=F�HI4635798�:�<�FnA=8�F � >KA�>K:�3;�7I;�A=79p�F'>�}4�HI4%;K354635798�: �(N�1q<�4�:�;�H�> �@4 ;�<�F � + ���� ! � ��� � W2�O8�F�D �K> �@46H���F�Hg<�79D@>��K3G:'8�F6;�4���8�:�;;�F�B�B'8 ;�J>Cp�F'>CH�>C3S>KACB';L<�>GA=8�:�3�J>�>�J>@354�7�3 �@8�:�;K354�:�3g>@3�J>S��46HM}4�, � ¤-HI4L;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�> �@8�:�;�79<CJ>KD-J>�>g�6HI7I;@; >4�� >��CF�:�>O4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>C<�> , � 46HI8�DE;Op�F'>OH�>E;C4�F�35D@>E;O:�>-�6HI7I;@; >K:�3�B'4 ;/¤M}4GHEr 79:�3�J>KDK7�>KF�DO<�> �@?'4�p�F'>�;�8�F6;Ktz|4�7�H�H�>E¤GHI4$DKF�B�35F�D@>L; >GB(DE8KB'4���>=<�F$:'8�DE< � >KDE;�H�>=;�F�<�4�� >��%F�:�> ��7�3S>E;@; >�<�> �C�����F��� � W w r@J>��@?�>@H�H�>>K:�4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>_>E;K3MHI4nA �>KA�>=B'8�F�D�358�F�3S>E;�H�>E;%;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>E;n>@3CB'8�F�D�H�>E;�35DE8�7I; �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>E;�<�F<CJ>5B�HI4��K>KA�>K:�3SW w >E;=35DE4�7�39;�DE8�F ��>E;�>@3�� :�; �@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'<�>K:�3_}4�HI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>�:'8�DE<�¤OH�>E;LB'8�79:�357�H�H6J>E;mKH�>KF6;�}4�HI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>M>E;K3C>@3gH�>E;=35DE4�7�39; � >KD@39;�J>5B'4�7I;�}4�HI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S> � >KD@357��@46H�>�W
�� ! & ����� ��� � ������� #�! � ! � #�# � � �?]DFL%DFTF>j?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>jA;c>/G&>/T&A7AC>KHe^BAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>K>/TCQOLO>KHe^B?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>K>/Q\He^B?]QV^@QO[INMTypy=�^3?]QV^@QO[INMT } �L[>@?]Q;HINC_/^@HI[e?Cc>/>WGFL/i>@?;AC>WHe^jGFLON ��>@_UQO[INMT7AC>WHa`b^@TFJMHI>K�GZ AC>@?"RXNCA�i>/HI>@?"AC> fh^@[IHIHI>@?\{a��[IJMDFLO>@? | pb�j>/Q | pb�Cpr�NMDFL%DFT9JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ;[eAC>/TCQO[eZPDF>WHI>@?%?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>@?\GFLONC_VzF>@?%AC>B_U>/QW^@TFJMHI>BAC>jHe^�fh^@[IHIHI>j_UNMTCQOLO[ISFDF>/TCQGFHID&?-i^9Ha`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>XACD�?][IJMT&^@HWZPDF>7HI>@?3^@DFQOLO>@?3?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>@?jGFHID&? c>/HINM[IJMT\c>/>@?jGFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HI>/RX>/TCQ3i^_/^@D&?]>jACD-QO>/LORX>%HI[/c>3i^BHa` >/ECG&^@T&?][INMTXJ�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[eZPDF>Pp=&>�Rmc>@_/^@TF[e?]RX>�{a^ � [IR3DFQXAC>�He^ fh^@[IHIHI>PY;G&>/T&AF^@JM>PY%AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT�ACD�JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQU�B^�c>/JP^@HI>/RX>/TCQS&>@^@D&_UNMDFG�A�` [IT � DF>/T&_U>7?]DFLBHI>XA;c>/GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQWQOLO[eAC[IRX>/TCQO[INMTFTF>/H�NMS&?]>/LOn;c>�i^-DFTF>7?]QV^@QO[INMT >/QBG&>/DFQ
AF^@T&?7_U>/LOQV^@[ITF>@?3_UNMT s JMDFLV^@QO[INMT&?7J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[eZPDF>@? fh^@[ILO>9^@GFG&^@LV^@q ` QOLO>�AC>@?3nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?X[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQO>@?A�`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>�>/TCQOLO>"HI>@?yAC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>@?y_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>@?�ACDB?][IJMT&^@Hyi^%DFTF>;R�q>/RX>�?]QV^@QO[INMTypM�%NMD&?�G&NMDFnPNMT&?LO>/R7^@LVZPDF>/LK?]DFLBHe^-��[IJMDFLO> | p ��ZPDF>7AF^@T&?jHI>7_/^M?jACD�?O_�c>/T&^@LO[IN , Y�HI>@?j?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>@?jHINC_/^@HI[e?Cc>/>@?K^@DTFNMLVA��h>@?]QBJ�c>/Tyi>/LO>/TCQKDFT A;c>/GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQWAF^@T&?jHe^-AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT�TFNMLVA�S&>@^@D&_UNMDFG GFHID&?K[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQjZPDF>AF^@T&?;HI>@?"AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT&?�>@?]Q;>/Q"nP>/LOQO[e_/^@HI>Pp��W^@T&?;HI>W_/^M?;ACD7?O_�c>/T&^@LO[INB�CYF_U>/QOQO>%AC[tvwc>/LO>/T&_U>WA�`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>>/TCQOLO>WHI>@?\AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>@?;_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>@?;Ty` >@?]Q\G&^M?%^@D&?O?][�R7^@LVZPD\c>/>Pp�W^@T&?\HI>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?�s HIQOLFc>/>@?;>/TCQOLO>�Cp , >/QK�C�b�"~! 7TFNMD&?WNMS&?]>/LOnPNMT&?WZPDF>BHa`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>KACD�A;c>/GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ;>@?]QWS&>@^@D&_UNMDFG�GFHID&?%JMLV^@T&AC>?]DFLKHe^X_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>BTFNMLVA�ZPDF>3?]DFLKHI>@?WAC>/DFE9^@DFQOLO>@?W_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>@?Up�k">/QOQO>BNMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT�G&>/LORX>/QAC>XGFLO[InC[IH/c>/JM[I>/L%HI>X?O_�c>/T&^@LO[IN , G&^@LjLV^@GFG&NMLOQ3^@D�?O_�c>/T&^@LO[IN-�Cp"=&>7?Cc>/[e?]RX>3AC>7k"z&^@RXNMHI[;?U` >@?]QjACNMT&_nCLV^@[e?]>/R3SFHe^@SFHI>/R3>UTCQKGFLONCACDF[IQX?]DFL3HI>7A;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQXi^gfh^@[ISFHI>7G&>/T&AF^@JM>Pp;�%NMD&?BG&NMDFnPNMT&?3AC>-GFHID&?NMS&?]>/LOnP>/L"ZPDF>\Ha`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>;AC>@?"ACNMTFT\c>/>@?�>@?]Q�QOL/i>@?�[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQO>%^@DXA;c>/SFDFQ�GFDF[e?"A;c>@_ULONMq` Q/pCk">@_U[FG&>/DFQG&>/LORX>/QOQOLO>%A�`Oc>/RX>/QOQOLO>"Ha` zCoCG&NMQOzyi>@?]>WZPDF>%HI>W?Cc>/[e?]RX>\AC>jk"z&^@RXNMHI[&^KGFD7?U` [ITF[IQO[I>/L�GFL/i>@?"AC>WHe^K?]QV^@QO[INMT} �L[3GFDF[e?%?U`eq>/QOLO>WGFLONMG&^@J�c>jnP>/LV?;HI>K?]D&A��hNMDF>@?]Q/p
��� ��� � ��� �� ����� �� ��� ������ �� �� ������������
=&>9?Cc>/[e?]RX>XAC>�k"z&^@RXNMHI[;TFNMD&?3^@GFG&NMLOQO>�AC>@?j[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?B?]DFL3He^9?][e?]RX[e_U[IQFc>X^M_UQODF>/HIHI>7AF^@T&?He^XLFc>/JM[INMT ACDqaW^@LOz¥\^@HapT�W^@T&?B_U>/QOQO>BG&^@LOQO[I>XAC>XHa`b�%[IRX^@He^/oC^CY&AC>XTFNMR3SFLO>/D&?]>@?%LONC_VzF>@?K?Cc>@AC[IRX>/T �QV^@[ILO>@?%>/QWRmc>/QV^@RXNMLOGFzF[eZPDF>@?\?]NMTCQj_Vz&^@LOLO[/c>/>@?\G&^@LjAC>@?W_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQV?\_UNMRXRX>WG&^@LK>/EC>/RXGFHI>WHI>_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQ�AC>Wd-DFT&?][e^@LO[apF=&>@?"NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?�fh^@[IQO>@?Wi^KHe^j?]QV^@QO[INMT } �L[&YCTFNMD&?"G&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ"AC>?]DFGFG&NP?]>/LBZPDF>BHI>3?Cc>/[e?]RX>BAC>Xk"z&^@RXNMHI[�TF>X?U` >@?]QWG&^M?WGFLONCACDF[IQB?]DFLKHa` DFT�AC>3_U>@?K_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQO?R7^@[e?"ZPDy` [IH�^@DFLV^@[IQ\GFHIDFQMqNMQ\>/DXHI[I>/DX?]DFL\HI>KA;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQ\i^ fh^@[ISFHI>WG&>/T&AF^@JM>jZPDF[y?]>K?][IQODF>j^@D-?]D&A7ACD_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQ"AC>:¡;^@[��CLO[IQV^Cp�%NMD&?KGFLONMG&NP?]NMT&?UY;��[IJMDFLO> | pb�CY�DFTF>7_UNMDFG&>7AC>XHe^7LFc>/JM[INMT AC>-k"z&^@RXNMHI["LFc>@?]DFR7^@TCQKTFNMQOLO>X[IT �QO>/LOGFLFc>/QV^@QO[INMTmQO>@_UQONMTF[eZPDF>Pp;=�^ � NMTF>�^@D�?]D&A�ACD�_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQBAC>U¡;^@[��CLO[IQV^9>@?]QXDFT�GFLO[e?]RX>A�`b^M_/_ULFc>/QO[INMT�_UNMTCQO[ITF>/TCQV^@H\?][IQOD\c>7>/TCQOLO>7HI>Xz&^@DFQ�� �%[IR7^@He^/oC^-^@D�TFNMLVA >/Q3He^9_ULONyqDFQO>9[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>Pp"=&>
A;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQKi^ fh^@[ISFHI>BG&>/T&AF^@JM>7?Cc>/G&^@LV^@TCQKHe^X_ULONyqDFQO>X[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>j>/QKHI>BGFLO[e?]RX>jA�`b^M_/_ULFc>/QO[INMT�_UNMTCQO[t�TF>/TCQV^@H�LO>/HOq^M_VzF>%DFTF>KS&NMTFTF>KG&^@LOQO[I>KAC>@?\_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>@?"QO>@_UQONMTF[eZPDF>@?"HINMLV?\AC>WJMLONP?%?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�QO>/He?\_U>/DFEA�`^c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF[y>/Q%AC>Bk"z&^@RXNMHI[apl%D TFNMLVA ACD�_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQKAC>P¡;^@[��CLO[IQV^7He^gfh^@[IHIHI>XAC>-A;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQK^-GFLONMS&^@SFHI>/RX>/TCQjDFT
GFHID&?�f�NMLOQ%G&>/T&AF^@JM>B?]NMD&?\HI>Wz&^@DFQ�� �%[IR7^@He^/oC^K>/Q%AC>/nC[I>/TCQ\^M?][e?]RX[eZPDF>Pp
��� ������� ��� � ������������� ����������)��� !'#�! �(��� "!$# � ! ��������������=�(������� � � ���� �
egf9hC. | pb� / j�8�F�B�>GA=8�:�35DE4�:�3g:'8635D@>G79:�3S>KD5B(D-J>@354635798�:�3S>��K358�:'79p�F'>=<�>GHI4�D-J>S��798�:�<�>=j�?'4�A=86HI7->@3�HI4HI8��@46HI7I;�4635798�:_<�F�;�J>K7I;�A�>M<�4�:�;L;�8�: �@8�:�3S>EP 3S>M3S>��K358�:'79p�F'>�W
k">@?\_UNMT&_UHID&?][INMT&?;?]NMTCQ\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQO>@?"G&NMDFL\>@?]QO[IRX>/L"^@D7RX[I>/DFEjHa`b^@H/c>@^j?][e?]RX[eZPDF>\>/Q;GFHID&?;G&^@LOQO[t�_UDFHI[ai>/LO>/RX>/TPQ�G&NMDFLW_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]>/L;HI>@?;?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?"?]D&?O_U>/GFQO[ISFHI>@?;AC>K?]>KGFLONCACDF[ILO>jAF^@T&?%_U>/QOQO>%LFc>/JM[INMT7N�iD?]>KQOLONMDFnP>/TCQ%AC>/DFEXS&^@LOLV^@JM>@?\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQV?Up
�X, � �!5319:��@8�|�</531=�^BR7^@DFnM^@[e?]>KZPD&^@HI[IQFc>KAC>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?W{a^@S&?]>/T&_U>KACD-QO>/RXG&?"^@S&?]NMHID->/Q\A;c>@_UHI>/T&_VzF>/RX>UTCQ"AC>@?\?]QV^��
QO[INMT&?j?]DFLBAC>@?KGFz&^M?]>@?jQV^@LVAC[InP>@?V�%TF>XTFNMD&?B^7G&^M?jG&>/LORX[e?WAC>XQOLONMDFnP>/LKDFT�RXNCA�i>/HI>X_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>su^@SFHI>BG&>/LORX>/QOQV^@TCQWAC>3ACNMTFTF>/LWDFT�^M_/_UNMLVA9^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>B^@DFE�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?WAC>BRXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQV? f�NMLOQV?KACD?Cc>/[e?]RX>WAC>Bk"z&^@RXNMHI[�{5\aT&AC>PY ,�././. �Vp=�` NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT�A�` DFT�A;c>/GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ%GFHID&?j[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQj?]DFLBHe^9_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>XTFNMLVA ZPDF>7?]DFLjHI>@?
AC>/DFEX^@DFQOLO>@?\_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>@?Wi^jDFTF>K?]QV^@QO[INMT7QOL/i>@?"GFLONC_VzF>KTFNMD&?\^jQONMDFQ\AC>KR�q>/R3>\G&>/LORX[e?�AC>KGFLO[InC[t�H/c>/JM[I>/L;Ha` zCoCG&NMQOzyi>@?]>KA�` DFTF>KLODFGFQODFLO>j?]DFL%HI>KA;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQ%i^�fh^@[ISFHI>WG&>/T&AF^@JM>Pp
��
� ��������W#��� � �� �������
� � �'(�� ��� ��"� ���� ���������� ��� $� ������ ������� ������� ���� !� ���
� �
� )� !���y���� �
� � �'(�� ��� ��� $� ������ ���� # $%�& !����� ���������� ������ ' ������ �������������� �� ������� ��$��('����������
�7,/. 0�132�4"576989:;2"</531
Z�T ,�./. �CY&DFT-?Cc>/[e?]RX>WAC>KR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>j�PYb�B^ fh^@[IQ\QOLO>/R3SFHI>/L�He^3k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[I>KACD-?]D&A�p%¡W[IQO>%NMDFSFHI[/c>G&^@L�HI>@?yG&NMGFDFHe^@QO[INMT&?�_/^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[I>/TFTF>@?yz&^@SF[IQOD\c>/>@?�^@DFEB?]>@_UNMD&?O?]>@?�QO>/HIHIDFLO[eZPDF>@?UYUTFNMQOLO>;[ITCQFc>/L@q>/QyG&NMDFL�HI>?Cc>/[e?]RX>%AC>j=�^@T&AC>/LV?�f�DFQ\RXNMQO[In;c>\G&^@L;GFHID&?][I>/DFLV?"LV^@[e?]NMT&?W{a��[IJMDFLO>K�Cp , �VpFxyNMDFQ%A�`b^@S&NMLVA�YFHe^ � NMTF>KAC>JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ"^3^@QOQO>/[ITCQ;He^B?]DFL�fh^M_U>KACD-?]NMHy>/Q\HI>KA;c>@_/^@He^@JM>PYC>/TCQOLO>WHI>@?;AC>/DFEXHai>/nCLO>@?"AC>KHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>PYC_ULFc>yc>G&^@L"HI>;QOLO>/R3SFHI>/R3>/TCQyAC>\QO>/LOLO>%^-c>/QFc>\RX>@?]DFLFc>\?]DFL�HI>\QO>/LOLV^@[ITyp�Z�T&?]DF[IQO>PYM_U>\QOLO>/R3SFHI>/R3>/TPQ�AC>\QO>/LOLO>\^c>/QFc>;>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>Ki^WHa`b^@[eAC>\AC>;TFNMR3SFLO>/DFEK[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQV?y?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[eZPDF>@?�>/Q�J�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@?�QOL/i>@?�GFLFc>@_U[e?y>/QSF[I>/TX^MAF^@GFQFc>@?Ki^jHa`Oc>/QOD&AC>WAC>@?;?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�>/T7_Vz&^@RXG3GFLONC_VzF>PpF=&>@?;LFc>@?]>@^@DFEX?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[eZPDF>@?�_UHe^M?O?][eZPDF>@?_/^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[I>/T&?yNMTCQ"G&>/LORX[e?yAC>\HINC_/^@HI[e?]>/L�QOL/i>@?�GFLFc>@_U[e?Cc>/RX>/TCQ�HI>@?�LFc>/GFHI[eZPDF>@?�ACDBQOLO>/R3SFHI>/R3>/TCQyAC>\QO>/LOLO>Pp=�^3HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT9?]>/HINMT9DFTF>jS&^@T&AC>jnP>/LOQO[e_/^@HI>jAC>B_U>@?;G&>/QO[IQV?W?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?"TFNMD&?%G&>/LORX>/Q%AC>B_UNMTFT&^@q` QOLO>He^XJ�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>BQOLO[eAC[IRX>/T&?][INMTFTF>/HIH�>BAC>@?wfh^@[IHIHI>@?Up�Z�T s TyYyHI>X?Cc>/[e?]RX>BAC>-=�^@T&AC>/LV?j?U` >@?]QKGFLONCACDF[IQjTFNMTG&^M?B?]DFLBDFTF> fh^@[IHIHI>3DFTF[eZPDF>PYyR7^@[e?K^@D�_UNMTCQOLV^@[ILO>X?]DFLBGFHID&?][I>/DFLV?j?]>/JMRX>/TCQV?KAC> fh^@[IHIHI>@?K^/oC^@TCQBAC>@?NMLO[I>/TCQV^@QO[INMT&?�AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>@?UpPk">/QOQO>%AC>/LOTF[ai>/LO>;NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT3nC[I>/TCQ�LO>/RX>/QOQOLO>">/TX_/^@D&?]>\Ha` zCoCG&NMQOzyi>@?]>%ACD?Cc>/[e?]RX>�� �e_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>�� �F?]>%LFc>/G\c>/QV^@TCQWi^KHa` [eAC>/TCQO[eZPDF>;?]DFL;DFTF> fh^@[IHIHI>\AC>%QV^@[IHIHI>\SF[I>/TXA;c> s TF[I>Ppx�W^@T&?HI>B_/^M?WACD9?Cc>/[e?]RX>jAC>3=�^@T&AC>/LV?UY�He^3LODFGFQODFLO>B^3LFc>/D&?O?][\i^X?]>jGFLONMG&^@JM>/Lj?]DFLWGFHID&?][I>/DFLV?%?]>/JMRX>/TCQV?\AC>fh^@[IHIHI>@?\>/QK?U` >@?]Qj^@LOL@q>/QFc>/>B^@D�RX[IHI[I>/D-ACD�AC>/LOTF[I>/LK?]>/JMRX>/TCQ/p&r�NMDFLj_UNMRXGFLO>/T&ACLO>B_U>/QOQO>B_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQFc>PYTFNMD&?%^/nPNMT&?;RX[e?;^@D-G&NM[ITCQ\DFTF>KQO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>KA�` [IR7^@JM>/LO[I>WAC>KHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>K>/T-AC>/DFEmc>/QV^@G&>@?��� =�^3GFLO>/RX[ai>/LO>-c>/QV^@G&>B_UNMT&?][e?]QO>Xi^BDFQO[IHI[e?]>/L%AC>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?%J�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@?;G&NMDFLWLO>/QOLONMDFnP>/L\He^3AC[e? �
QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�ACD�JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQW?]DFLjHI>BGFHe^@T AC>�fh^@[IHIHI>3_ULFc>yc>3G&^@LjHI>X?Cc>/[e?]RX>Ppy=�^7J�c>/NCA;c>@?][I>X?]G&^@QO[e^@HI>X>@?]Q^M_UQODF>/HIHI>/RX>/TCQy>/TXGFHI>/[ITB>@?O?]NML/p'\aH&>@?]Q\A;c>@?]NMLOR7^@[e?�G&NP?O?][ISFHI>WJMLMq^M_U>W^@D-?]oF?]Q/i>/RX>GaWrg[7{ nC[ITFJMQV^@[ITF>WAC>?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>@?y>/TjNMLOSF[IQO>%^@DFQONMDFL;AC>;He^%QO>/LOLO>M�yAC>\RX>@?]DFLO>/LyHI>@?�A;c>/GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?&>/TCQOLO>\AC>/DFEB?]QV^@QO[INMT&?%i^%He^?]DFL�fh^M_U>;QO>/LOLO>@?]QOLO>\^/nP>@_�DFTF>;GFLFc>@_U[e?][INMTBAC>\ZPDF>/HeZPDF>@?�RX[IHIHI[IR-i>/QOLO>/?UpKc%TF>\^@DFQOLO>\QO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>PYUHa` [ITCQO>/L�f c> �LONMRmc>/QOLO[I>;LV^MAF^@L\G&^@L\?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>\G&>/LORX>/Q"AC>W_/^@LOQONMJMLV^@GFzF[I>/L;HI>W_Vz&^@RXG3AC>WA;c> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTX_ULFc>yc>%G&^@L;DFT
��� � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
egf9hC.;�Cp , / w 8�DE;%<�Fn;�J>K7I;�A�>�<�> w 4�:'<�>KDE;/¤LH�>��6HI7I;@; >KA�>K:�3�4n463�3S>K79:�3=HI4$;�F�D�z|4��K>�<�Fn;�86HG>@3MH�><CJ>��@46HI4���>E¤G>K:�35D@>MH�>E;=<�>KF6P�HK}>���D@>E;�<�>MHI40z|4�7�H�H�>E¤���D-J>-J>CB'4�DGH�>M35D@>KA=mKH�>KA�>K:�3C<�>M3S>KDKD@>L4~J>@3�J>�A�>E;�F�D-J>;�F�D=H�>�3S>KDKDE4�79:�W-uL8�F6;%4���8�:�;%A=8 <CJ>@HI7I;�J>�HI4%;�8�F�D��K>�<�F_;�J>K7I;�A�>�<�> w 4�:'<�>KDE;�}4�HEr 4�79<�>�<�>���B�HI4�:�;<�> z|4�7�H�H�> � >KD@357��@4�F6PnQ9; >���A�>K:�3C<�> �'8�:�?�;�8�: �'46H�H�>Kx�¤����~u ��� � Y�� ; >���A�>K:�3G<�> �L8�A�>E;K3S>E4�< �'46H^tH�>Kx�¤��� u � ��R Y�� ; >���A�>K:�3CvOA�>KDE;�8�:�>@3=j�4�ACB�£C8�����¤��� u � ��� Y UXW w 4�z|4�7�H�H�>�>E;K3L<�7���7I;�J>@>�>K:� �_;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>E; �@4�DKD-J>@>E;%<�>3| �F� <�> ���863�J>�WMj�?'4�p�F'>�;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>$>E;K3 �@8�ACB'8 ;�J>@>%<�>_R � R�B'8�79:�39;;�8�F�D��K>E; W�uL8�F6;M79: � >KDE;�8�:�;LHEr 4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>M<�F=�6HI7I;@; >KA�>K:�3j¤gH�>L3S>KACB';M<�>LA=8�:�3�J>@>M>@3gH�>G3S>KACB';M<�>L<CJ>@tm�F�3G<�>=DKF�B�35F�D@>=4 ;@;�8���7�J>q}4 �@?'4�p�F'>=;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>%>K:$F�357�HI7I;�4�:�3L<�>E;�<�8�:':LJ>@>E;M�CJ>E8 <CJ>E;�79p�F'>E;LB(F�7I;�<�>E;>K:'D@>���7I;K35D@>KA�>K:�39;=<�>MA=8�F � >KA�>K:�39; z|8�D@39; W
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � � �
?Cc>/[e?]RX>\AF^@T&?�He^KAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT3?]NMHt� ?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>%^/nP>@_"DFTF>%QOL/i>@?�S&NMTFTF>WLFc>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTX?]G&^@QO[e^@HI>PpPl�G&^@LOQO[IL;A�` DFTRXNCA�i>/HI>BAC[ILO>@_UQKAC>XAC[e?]HINC_/^@QO[INMT�AF^@T&?KDFT�RX[IHI[I>/D�c>/He^M?]QO[eZPDF>-i^7_UNMD&_VzF>@?%GFHe^@TF>@?W>/QjAC>XAC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>@?Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>@?\A�` [ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?W{a^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFRX>KJ�c>/T\c>/QO[eZPDF>PYFRXNM[IT&ACLO>@?\_/^@LOLFc>@?V�VY&TFNMD&?W^/nPNMT&?%>@?]QO[IRmc>WHe^BnM^��HI>/DFL\ACD7JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ"G&NMDFLW_Vz&^MZPDF>9c>/H/c>/RX>/TCQ"AC>jAC[e?O_ULFc>/QO[e?O^@QO[INMT7ACD7RXNCA�i>/HI>KAC>wfh^@[IHIHI>PpF=�` >/T&?]>/R3SFHI>AC>@?;RXNCA�i>/HI>@?"QOLONMDFn;c>@?;G&>/LORX>/Q\AC>j_/^@He_UDFHI>/L;AC>@?%A;c> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?;?]oCTCQOz\c>/QO[eZPDF>@?">/T-^M_/_UNMLVA7^/nP>@_%HI>@?A;c> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?jLFc>/>/HIHI>/RX>UTCQKNMS&?]>/LOn;c>/>@?7i^9Ha`b^@[eAC>-AC>@?3?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>@?Up"k">@?jRXNCA�i>/HI>@?jRXNMTCQOLO>/TCQBZPDF>7He^?]NMHIDFQO[INMT->@?]Q\z\c>/QFc>/LONMJFi>/TF>j?]G&^@QO[e^@HI>/RX>/TCQ/YC_M` >@?]Q�� i^�� AC[ILO>jZPDF>KHa`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>%ACD-JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ;?][e?]RX[eZPDF>^@QOQO>/[ITCQ\AC>@?\nM^@HI>/DFLV?\AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>@?;?]>/HINMT7Ha` >/T&ACLONM[IQ\N�iD-Ha` NMT-?]>KQOLONMDFnP>j?]DFL%He^ fh^@[IHIHI>Pp� �W^@T&?;He^BAC>/DFEC[ai>/RX>7c>/QV^@G&>PYCTFNMD&?\^/nPNMT&?;DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>%He^BAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT7ACD7JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ"?]DFL\He^ fh^@[IHIHI>
>@?]QO[IRmc>/>KHINMLV?WAC>BHe^3GFLO>/RX[ai>/LO>9c>/QV^@G&>3>/QKAC>@?WACNMTFT\c>/>@?W?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[eZPDF>@?%AC>BRXNMDFnP>/RX>/TPQ�f�NMLOQKG&NMDFL_UNMTCQOLV^@[IT&ACLO>"HI>;A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/RX>/TCQ&QO>/RXG&NMLO>/HPAC>;He^\LODFGFQODFLO>W{ [ITF[IQO[e^@QO[INMTyYUGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT3>/Q�^@LOL@q>/QU�VpM=&>@??]QV^@QO[INMT&?WAC[IQO>@?%AC>BRXNMDFnP>/R3>/TCQ f�NMLOQK?]NMTCQKAC>@?%^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LONMR9i>/QOLO>@?;_UNMT&?]QOLODF[IQV?%G&NMDFLWTF>jG&^M?W?O^@QODFLO>/L>/QW>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLO>/L%Ha`b^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LV^@QO[INMT-ACD�?]NMH�>/T f�NMT&_UQO[INMT�ACD9QO>/RXG&?;QOL/i>@?%GFL/i>@?WAC>BHe^3?]NMDFLV_U>3?][e?]RX[eZPDF>Pp=&>7A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/RX>/TCQWLFc>@_U>/TCQjAC>@?j?]QV^@QO[INMT&?BAC>XRXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ f�NMLOQ3^-G&>/LORX[e?WA�`b^@T&^@HIoF?]>/LBAC> fh^��_UNMTTFNMDFnP>/HIHI>WZPDF>/HeZPDF>@?�JMLV^@T&AF?%?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?"AF^@T&?%AC>@?"LFc>/JM[INMT&?;SF[I>/TX[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQFc>/>@?;{]k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[I>PY } ^@G&NMTyY\aT&AC>PpIpIp��Vpy=&>X?Cc>/[e?]RX>BAC>X=�^@T&AC>/LV? f�DFQj^@[IT&?][">/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>BG&^@LjGFHID&?KA�` DFTF>3AC[ � ^@[ITF>3AC>X?]QV^@QO[INMT&?jAC>RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ�f�NMLOQKAF^@T&?%DFT9LV^/oPNMT�AC>B?]NM[IEF^@TCQO>[�C[IHINMR9i>/QOLO>@?;^@DFQONMDFLKACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>j^/nP>@_WDFTF>BS&NMTFTF>_UNMDFnP>/LOQODFLO>X^ � [IR3DFQV^@HI>Ppy�%NMD&?KNMSFQO>/TFNMT&?UY�G&^@LB[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyY�Ha` zF[e?]QONM[ILO>3QO>/RXG&NMLO>/HIHI>3ACD�JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ>/T-_Vz&^MZPDF>KG&NM[ITCQ%AC>jAC[e?O_ULFc>/QO[e?O^@QO[INMT-AC>KHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>Pp
�7,/y 0�1��Z~W4�|�</531 ~K1 6U~K8P� �~%22{���~:|�698�|U�~K<�|2��~�6U~ z�{B196U~W4�|k">KG&^@LV^@JMLV^@GFzF>3^�fh^@[IQ\Ha` NMS ��>/Q\A�` DFTF>KGFDFSFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT7?]NMD&?%He^jLFc> f c>/LO>/T&_U>M�
� ���� � �'���� �������i�0� ! � ! �%���� ��� � ��� ����� ���_ � ! �M�%�@�K ��������(��� ��������i�0 )�� � ������ ! � + ��� � + �����=�i�0 )�� ��� � � ! ������� �=� ! �� ) ��� !%� �
WpF�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> � YF�;p�k"NMQOQONMTyY�d�p&k;^@RXGF[IHIHIN��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W*¤OR � �¤OR � � � �6tER � � T�T Y ,�././. p
� ���K � ! + ¦�>B?]QOD&ACo7QOzF>jLODFGFQODFLO>BGFLONC_U>@?O?\N f�QOzF> ,�./. �-=�^@T&AC>/LV?%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Pp&xyNXHI[IRX[IQ;QOzF>jQOLV^MAC> �hN vS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T�?]HI[IG�^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>3^@T&A9LODFGFQODFLO>3QO[IRX>jQOz&^@Qj^�vu>@_UQV?j?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?WD&?][ITFJ-NMTFHIo9?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@H
AF^@QV^CYx¥;>%^MACNMGFQ\^WQ#¥;N � ?]QO>/GX^@GFGFLONP^M_Vzypx¦�> s LV?]Q;_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT3QOzF>W?]HI[IG3AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT3^@T&AB[IQV?�DFT&_U>/L��QV^@[ITCQ]oBSCo3[IT&AC>/G&>/T&AC>/TCQ;JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_WAF^@QV^jQONBLO>@_UN@nP>/L"[ITXQOzF>K?]>@_UNMT&A7?]QO>/GXQOzF>WQO>/RXG&NMLV^@HyAC>/QV^@[IHe?�N fQOzF>\LODFGFQODFLO>\GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMTypCx;zF> s LV?]Q"?]QO>/G3_UNMT&?][e?]QV?�N f ^@TB[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTjN fu[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_�AF^@QV^K^@T&Aa%HINMS&^@H�r�NP?][IQO[INMTF[ITFJ�[PoF?]QO>/R!RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TPQV?UYMS&NMQOz7[IT&AC>/G&>/T&AC>/TCQOHIo3^@T&AXQONMJM>/QOzF>/L/YCQONB_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT?]HI[IG-AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT-NMT�^BQOzFLO>/> � ?]>/JMRX>/TCQ�fh^@DFHIQ%RXNCAC>/H�^@HINMTFJXS&NMQOz�?]QOLO[��P>j^@T&A9AC[IG-AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTyp%¦�>
� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������D&?]>B^BJM>/TF>/QO[e_W^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR(QON3QO>@?]Q\QOzF>jDFTF[eZPDF>/TF>@?O?;N f QOzF>j?]NMHIDFQO[INMT9^@T&A-^BHI>@^M?]QW?OZPD&^@LO>@? f�NMLOR3D �He^@QO[INMT9QON s T&A9QOzF>jRXNCAC>/HT¥\zF[e_Vz9S&>@?]Qws QV?%QOzF>3AF^@QV^Cp�¦�>3_UNMT&_UHID&AC> f�LONMR�QOzF>BLO>@?]DFHIQV?%N f�QOzF>@?]>JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_"[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?yQOz&^@Q�[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLO[I_�AF^@QV^K^@LO>;LO[e_Vzj>/TFNMDFJMzBQONK^M_/_U>@?O?yQOzF>\?]HI[IGBAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT[IT7QOzF>B_/^M?]>jN f QOzF>B=�^@T&AC>/LV?%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Pp([P[IT&_U>KQOzF>j?]DFL�fh^M_U>BAC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?\^@LO>jRXNMLO>K?]>/T&?][IQO[InP>QON3?]z&^@HIHIN�¥?]HI[IGX[ITXNMDFL%_UNMT s JMDFLV^@QO[INMTyYFQOzF>K?]HI[IG7^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>%[e?"S&>/QOQO>/L;LO>@?]NMHInP>@A3TF>@^@L\QOzF>K?]DFL�fh^M_U>QOz&^@T7^@Q;AC>/GFQOzypPx;zF>%LO>@?]DFHIQO[ITFJj?]HI[IG3AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT3[e?�[ITX^@JMLO>/>/RX>/TCQT¥\[IQOz3JM>/NMHINMJM[e_/^@H&NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?^@Q\QOzF>K?]DFL�fh^M_U>K^@T&A7_UNMT s LOR7?�QOzF>WzF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/NMD&?;T&^@QODFLO>WN f QOzF>j=�^@T&AC>/LV?;>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PpCd-NP?]Q\N fQOzF>%?]HI[IG3NC_/_UDFLV?"^@Q;?]z&^@HIHIN�¥mAC>/GFQOz&?UYMNMT3QOzF>W�%NMRX>@?]QO>@^MA:¡;^@HIHI>/o fh^@DFHIQ%{a?]>@_UNMT&AB?]>/JMRX>/TCQU�VY�¥\[IQOz3^R7^@EC[IR3DFRnM^@HIDF>WN f ^@LONMDFT&A-�KR9pPl%TFNMQOzF>/L"zF[IJMz-?]HI[IG � NMTF>W[e?�NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A3NMTXQOzF> } NMzFT&?]NMTP¡;^@HIHI>/ofh^@DFHIQ7{�s LV?]Q3?]>/JMRX>/TCQU�K^@Q�]��CR�AC>/GFQOzyp�\aT QOzF>-?]>@_UNMT&A ?]QO>/GyY2¥;>X[ITCnP>/LOQB?]QOLONMTFJ�RXNMQO[INMT AF^@QV^¥\[IQOz9QOzF>B^3GFLO[INMLO[ s T&^@H�?]HI[IG�^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>K^@T&A9[IQV?\DFT&_U>/LOQV^@[ITCQ]o-AC>@ACD&_U>@A f�LONMR(JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_BAF^@QV^3QON_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT9QOzF>BQO[IRX>KzF[e?]QONMLOo-N f�QOzF>jLODFGFQODFLO>BGFLONC_U>@?O?Upyx;zF[e?W?]>@_UNMT&A9?]QO>/G9>/RXGFz&^M?][ � >@?\^7?]QOLONMTFJnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT�N fwQOzF>7QO>/RXG&NMLV^@H%AC>/nP>/HINMGFRX>/TCQWN fwQOzF>7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Pp"�&^M?]QBLODFGFQODFLO>gf�LONMTCQBnP>/HINC_U[IQO[I>@?^@GFG&>@^@LP¥\[IQOzF[IT�zF[IJMz?]HI[IG � NMTF>@?UY\^@T&A�QOzF>9LODFGFQODFLO>�?]HIN�¥%?Z¥\zF>/Tm[IQ3>/T&_UNMDFTCQO>/LV?X^�LO>@?][e?]QV^@T&_U>^@HINMTFJ-QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ/p��%T�^/nP>/LV^@JM>PYyQOzF>3LODFGFQODFLO>�f�LONMTCQKGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@?@¥\[IQOz�nP>/HINC_U[IQO[I>@?%_UHINP?]>3QON-QOzF>%[¥\^/nP>%nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oB^@T&AXQO>/LORX[IT&^@QO>@?�^@S&NMDFQW�M�B?;^�f�QO>/L;[ITF[IQO[e^@QO[INMTypCx;zF>KHe^@LOJM>WnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?"[ITXS&NMQOz-?]HI[IG^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>3^@T&A�LODFGFQODFLO>3nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o9?]DFJMJM>@?]QBQOz&^@QjQOzF>3LODFGFQODFLO>3GFLONC_U>@?O?j[e?WS&>/QOQO>/LjAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@A9SCo?]D&_/_U>@?O?][InP>/HIoBSFLO>@^��C[ITFJ3^M?]G&>/LO[IQO[I>@?;QOz&^@T-SCo7^jGFDFHe?]>KGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[ITFJ ¥\[IQOz-_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ%nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oPp
�������� ��� ����������� ������
\aT ?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJMoPYyS&^M?][e_3GFLONMSFHI>/R7?WN fw[ITF[IQO[e^@QO[INMTyYyGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMTyY"^@T&A�zF>@^@HI[ITFJ-N fwQOzF>XLODFGFQODFLO>GFLONC_U>@?O?;^@LO>K?]QO[IHIHFTFNMQ�¥;>/HIHFDFT&AC>/LV?]QONPNCA�p([P[IT&_U>\QOzF>%TF>@^@L�� s >/HeAX?]QOLONMTFJjJMLONMDFT&AXRXNMQO[INMTBLO>@_UNMLVAF?"N fQOzF>�\aRXG&>/LO[e^@H=¡;^@HIHI>/o7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>7{]�%He?]NMT9>/QKl%G&?]>/HaY ,�. ]M� � �W^@LOQ � >/HIHy>/QK�%>@^@QONMTyY ,�. ]M� � l%LV_VzCD �HI>/QV^CY ,�. ]@�C�VYyLODFGFQODFLO>3zF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQ]o7S&>@_/^@RX>j>/nC[eAC>/TCQ/p&x;zF[e?WzF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQ]o7[e?%GFLONMS&^@SFHIo9JM>/TF> �LV^@QO>@AXSCo7^B_UNMR3SF[IT&^@QO[INMTXN f QOzF>j?]QV^@QO[e_WGFLO>@?]QOLO>@?O?�s >/HeA7ACDF>KQONBQO>@_UQONMTF[e_ f�NMLV_U>@?UYFG&^M?]Q%?]>/[e?]RX[e_U[IQ]o{��K^@T&^@RXNMLO[">/Q=[PQO>�¥\^@LOQ/Y ,�. � ]P�VY fh^@DFHIQKJM>/NMRX>/QOLOo�{S[C_VzFNMH � Y ,�. ] .�� k"NMQOQONMT >/Qjk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY ,�./.M| �VY^@T&AmQOzF>9> vu>@_UQXN f QOzF>�ACoCT&^@RX[e_7GFLONC_U>@?O?XJMN@nP>/LOTF>@A�SCo f�LO[e_UQO[INMT�{]k;^@LOHe?]NMT�>/Q-=�^@TFJM>/L/Y ,�. ] .��k"NC_Vz&^@LVA7>/Q%d9^MAF^@LO[e^@JP^CY ,�./. �C�Vp
\aTXNMLVAC>/L;QONBDFT&AC>/LV?]QV^@T&AXQOzF>%R7^@[IT3NMLO[IJM[ITXN f QOzF>%LODFGFQODFLO>K_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQ]oPYM?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e?]QV?"^MACNMGFQQ#¥;NB^@GFGFLONP^M_VzF>@?Up&�%T3QOzF>WNMTF>Wz&^@T&A�Y�f�NMLE¥\^@LVAXACoCT&^@RX[e_;RXNCAC>/He?�^@LO>KAC>/nP>/HINMG&>@ABQONBAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>%QOzF>LODFGFQODFLO>3GFLONC_U>@?O?X{��W^M?K>/Q@�WNP?]QOLON@n�Y ,�. ]M� � d-[��CDFRXN >@3L46H�W Y ,�. ]P� � �%>@^@QONMTyY ,�./. � � k"NC_Vz&^@LVA�>/Qd9^MAF^@LO[e^@JP^CY ,�./. �C�Vp"�%T�QOzF>3NMQOzF>/LKz&^@T&A�YyTF>@^@L�� s >/HeA�?]QOLONMTFJ-JMLONMDFT&A�RXNMQO[INMT&?W^@LO>3[ITCnP>/LOQO>@A7QON>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>BQOzF>7?]HI[IG � QOzF>3LO>/He^@QO[InP>XAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ%N f NMTF>7?][eAC>XN f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ:¥\[IQOz�LO>@?]G&>@_UQjQON-QOzF>NMQOzF>/L � ^@T&A�QOzF>XQO[IRX>BzF[e?]QONMLOo�N fwQOzF>7?]>/[e?]RX[e_jGFLONC_U>@?O?Up"�%nP>/LKQOzF>XG&^M?]Q3�9AC>@_/^MAC>@?UYT�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_RXNCAC>/He?;AC>@ACD&_U>@A f�LONMR!TF>@^@L�� s >/HeA7AF^@QV^Bz&^/nP>KGFLON@nC[eAC>@A3[IT&?][IJMzCQ;[ITCQONBQOzF>j?]G&^@QO[e^@H�^@T&A7QO>/RXG&NMLV^@HAC>/QV^@[IHe?"N f QOzF>WLODFGFQODFLO>%GFLONC_U>@?O?�f�NML;R7^@TCoB>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?UpCx;zF>WLODFGFQODFLO>WRXNCAC>/He?2¥;>/LO>WAC>/LO[InP>@AjSCoR7^@QV_VzF[ITFJBLO>@_UNMLVAC>@A7AF^@QV^ ¥\[IQOz-QOzF>/NMLO>/QO[e_/^@H�AF^@QV^3JM>/TF>/LV^@QO>@A�Y&^M?O?]DFRX[ITFJ3GFHe^@T&^@Lwfh^@DFHIQW?]DFL�fh^M_U>@?Up
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � �=�
b >@_U>/TCQOHIoPY&^@QOQO>/RXGFQV?%z&^/nP>BS&>/>/T�R7^MAC>jQON7DFT&AC>/LV?]QV^@T&A�QOzF>3ACoCT&^@RX[e_KGFLONC_U>@?O? f�LONMR��C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_RXNCAC>/He?3{ � DF[ITyY ,�./. � � d-[IoC^@QV^��P>PY ,�./. � � �FD%�CDFoC^@R7^X>/Q3d-[��CDFRXNFY ,�./. � � \]AC>7>/QBx�^��P>/NFY ,�./. � � ;NMD&_VzFNMTyY ,�./. � � �%He?]>/T >@3=46H�W Y ,�./. �M�VpC\aTm^MAFAC[IQO[INMT�QON�[IQV?B[IRXG&NMLOQV^@T&_U>-QON�QOzF>9?]QOD&ACo N f QOzF>?]NMDFLV_U>WGFLONC_U>@?O?UYFQOzF>6�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_\^@GFGFLONP^M_Vz7[e?"D&?]>@A3QONBRXNCAC>/H�?]QOLONMTFJBJMLONMDFT&A7RXNMQO[INMT3[IT7?]>/[e?]RX[e_z&^ � ^@LVA�p
�%>@?]GF[IQO>-R3D&_Vz LO>@?]>@^@LV_Vz�NMT �C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_3RXNCAC>/He?UY"QOzF>/LO>-LO>/R7^@[IT [IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQXAC[e?O_ULO>/G&^@T&_U[I>@?^@RXNMTFJ�LODFGFQODFLO>�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?BN f�QOzF>�?O^@RX>->@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>9GFDFSFHI[e?]zF>@A�SComAC[tvu>/LO>/TCQX^@DFQOzFNMLV?UpW�FNML>/EF^@RXGFHI>PYFQOzF>X?]QOLONMTFJ-RXNMQO[INMT9[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT-N f QOzF>7=�^@T&AC>/LV?K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>BHI>@^MAF?WQON-AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQK?]NMHID �QO[INMT&?K{]k"NMzF>/>j>/Q, ;>/LON � ^CY ,�./. �MS � ¦�^@HeA7>/Q%�%>@^@QONMTyY ,�./. � � k"NMQOQONMT9>/QWk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY ,�./.M| �Vpyx;zF>@?]>AC[e?O?][IRX[IHe^@LO[IQO[I>/?�_/^@TjS&>\_/^@D&?]>@AKSCoWQOzF>;RXNCAC>/HPG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[ � ^@QO[INMTyYUQOzF>\AF^@QV^G¥;>/[IJMzCQO[ITFJFY/QOzF>;S&^@T&A��¥\[eACQOz7N f QOzF>:¥\^/nP> s >/HeA�YPNML\QOzF>W[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT3GFLONC_U>@ACDFLO>j^@T&A7^@LO>KN f�QO>/T7_U[IQO>@AX^M?;[IT&AC[e_/^@QO[InP>%N f QOzF>^@RXNMDFTCQ�N f DFT&_U>/LOQV^@[ITCQ]oK[IT3LODFGFQODFLO>%RXNCAC>/He?�NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A�f�LONMR!?]QOLONMTFJjRXNMQO[INMT3AF^@QV^CpF�FNML"QOzF>\RXNP?]QG&^@LOQ/YPG&^M?]Q;?]QOD&AC[I>@?�z&^/nP>%_UNMT&_U>/TCQOLV^@QO>@AjNMTXAC>/LO[InC[ITFJK^WRXNCAC>/HCQOz&^@Q s QV?�QOzF>W?]QOLONMTFJjRXNMQO[INMTBAF^@QV^CY¥\[IQOzFNMDFQ3R3D&_Vz�>/RXGFz&^M?][e?jNMTm^M?O?]>@?O?][ITFJ�QOzF>9?]NMHIDFQO[INMTm?]QV^@SF[IHI[IQ]o�NMLX?]G&^@QO[e^@HWLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTyp�cW?][ITFJ?]QV^@T&AF^@LVA�[ITCnP>/LV?]>BRX>/QOzFNCAF?UY�[IQK[e?WTFNMQBAC[�� _UDFHIQ%QON-NMSFQV^@[IT ^7?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�QOz&^@QKR7^@QV_VzF>@?%QOzF>XAF^@QV^LO>@^M?]NMT&^@SFHIo�¥;>/HIHW{]k"NMzF>/>7>/QZ ;>/LON � ^CY ,�./. �P^P�Vp;x;zF>7JMLO>@^@QO>/L3_Vz&^@HIHI>/TFJM>XHI[I>@?K[IT >@?]QO[IR7^@QO[ITFJ7QOzF>LO>/HI[e^@SF[IHI[IQ]oPpCx;zF>[�CTFN�¥\HI>@ACJM>jN f�QOzF>jLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT9NMT9QOzF>@�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_%G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?\[e?%^3LO>@?]DFHIQ%QOz&^@Q[e?\^M?\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\^M?\QOzF>WG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?;QOzF>/R7?]>/HInP>/?Up�\aQ\[e?\^@He?]N3[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ;QONBQO>@?]Q\QOzF>KDFTF[eZPDF>/TF>@?O?N f QOzF>j?]NMHIDFQO[INMTypl%TFNMQOzF>/LK_Vz&^@HIHI>/TFJM>3_UNMT&?][e?]QV?%[IT s T&AC[ITFJXLODFGFQODFLO>�f�LONMTCQWnP>/HINC_U[IQO[I>@?Up b >@_U>/TCQOHIoPYFQOzF>XACoCT&^@RX[e_?][IR3DFHe^@QO[INMT-N f QOzF> ,�./. �9=�^@T&AC>/LV?K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>BG&>/L�f�NMLORX>@A-SCo��%He?]>/T >@3G46H�W { ,�./. �M�Kz&^M?K?]zFN�¥\T?]QOLONMTFJ�nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT N f QOzF>7LODFGFQODFLO> f�LONMTCQBnP>/HINC_U[IQ]ogf�LONMR�?]DFS&?]NMTF[e_XQON�?]DFG&>/LV?]NMTF[e_XnM^@HIDF>@?Up�[PD&_Vz
nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?%^@LO>KTFNMQ\>/ECG&>@_UQO>@A�f�LONMR �C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_\[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?UpCx�¥;N3LO>@^M?]NMT&?%_/^@T7>/ECGFHe^@[ITP¥\zCo3>/nC[t�AC>/T&_U>BN f ?]D&_Vz9nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT�N f QOzF>BHINC_/^@H�LODFGFQODFLO>�f�LONMTCQKnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oX[e?W?]G&^@LV?]>3[IT9G&^M?]QK[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?\N f?]>/[e?]RX[e_�AF^@QV^CpC��[ILV?]Q/Y@QOzF>/LO>;[e?�^WQOLV^MAC> �hN v S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TB?]HI[IGB^@T&AjLODFGFQODFLO>\QO[IRX>"QOz&^@Q"^�vu>@_UQV?�?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?S&^M?]>@ABNMT7?]QOLONMTFJjRXNMQO[INMT3AF^@QV^j^@HINMTF>PpCk"NMT&?]>@ZPDF>/TCQOHIoPYM[IQ�[e?�TF>@_U>@?O?O^@LOoBQONj_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT3QOzF>W?]HI[IG3^@R �GFHI[IQOD&AC>jAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT7SCo7[IT&AC>/G&>/T&AC>/TCQ%AF^@QV^7{ LV^MAF^@LW[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOo3^@T&A7NMQOzF>/L%JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_jAF^@QV^P�[IT�NMLVAC>/LjQON-LO>@_UN@nP>/LWQOzF>XQO>/RXG&NMLV^@H;AC>/QV^@[IHe?KN f QOzF>XLODFGFQODFLO>3GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT�D&?][ITFJ9?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@HAF^@QV^3{a��[IJMDFLO>%�Cpb�P�Vp�[P>@_UNMT&A�YC^WGFLO[INMLO[&_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQV?�[ITCQOLONCACD&_U>@AjSCoBQOzF>\G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[ � ^@QO[INMTjD&?]>@AB[ITQOzF>K[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?"D&?]D&^@HIHIo7_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT-QOzF>KR7^@EC[IRBDFR�nM^@HIDF>KN f QOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO> f�LONMTCQ\nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oPpCx;zF>/LO> �f�NMLO>\[IQ�[e?�TF>@_U>@?O?O^@LOojQONj^@HIHIN�¥ QO>/RXG&NMLV^@HFG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?yQONKnM^@LOo f�LO>/>/HIo3{]k"NMQOQONMT3>/Q;k;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY ,�./.M|���W^@LOQ � >/HIH >@3O46H�W Y ,�./. �P�Vpx;zF> } DFTF>%�6]CY ,�./. �CYF=�^@T&AC>/LV?�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>;[e?�QOzF>;He^@LOJM>@?]QM¥;>/HIHt�hLO>@_UNMLVAC>@AW>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>;[ITXk;^@HI[t�f�NMLOTF[e^%QONKAF^@QO>Pp6\aT3^MAFAC[IQO[INMTjQONWQOzF>\zF[IJMz3ZPD&^@HI[IQ]oK^@T&AjnM^@LO[I>/Q]oKN f _UHe^M?O?][e_/^@HFAF^@QV^CYMQOzF[e?y>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>
GFLON@nC[eAC>@AXQOzF> s LV?]Q%NMGFG&NMLOQODFTF[IQ]o-QONX^@GFGFHIo7QOzF>jQO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>WN f�?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_K^@G&>/LOQODFLO>jLV^MAF^@LB{S[Cl b �[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOo%QONjAC>/QO>@_UQ"_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_�JMLONMDFT&AXAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?�{ad9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q >@3�46H�W Y ,�./. �P�VpCx;zF>%[IT �QO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R!GFLONCACD&_U>@AXSCoXAC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U[ITFJjQOzF>WGFz&^M?]>KS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T�[Cl b [IR7^@JM>@?�QV^��P>/TXS&> f�NMLO>3{al%GFLO[IH
� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
SARdata
static study: - Slip distribution - Uniqueness of the solution - Spatial resolution
GPSdata
Strong motionseismograms
genetic algorithm
and least squares
inversion
frequency domain inversion Cotton and Campillo, [1995]
kinematic study : - Rise time and rupture time (strong variation allowed) - Slip distribution determined in the static study - Rupture front velocity variation
egf9hC.F�Cpb� / ��HI8�� �@?'4�D@3�8 z 39?�>G3 �-86t�;K3S>5B';C;�8�F�D��K>O;K35F�<�xM8 z039?�> w 4�:'<�>KDE;L>E4�D@39?'p�F�4���>�W ¢ ��1$4�:'<1'�,£ <�46354�4�D@>MF6; >E<%79:_39?�>M;K3546357��M;K35F�<�x�W�1�35DE8�:6��A=8635798�:�; >K7I;�A=7���<�46354�4�D@>M79: � >KD@3S>E< �-7�39?_39?�>4LB(DK798�DK7�;KHI7 B$<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:_4�:'<%7�39;MD@>E;�86HIF�35798�:_<�>E<�F �K>E< z|DE8�A~1'�,£ 4�:'< ¢ ��1 �@8�A=m�79:�>E<%<�46354�W
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � � ��@�FY ,�./. �P�K^@T&A9^�f�QO>/LWQOzF>j>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>7{ } DFTF> , ]CY ,�./. �P�%GFLON@nC[eAC>@?%^7_UNMTCQONMDFLWR7^@G-N f�QOzF>3_UNMR �G&NMTF>/TCQ"N f QOzF>%?]DFL�fh^M_U>WAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ s >/HeAjG&^@LV^@HIHI>/HCQONKQOzF>%nP>@_UQONML�S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TBQOzF>\JMLONMDFT&AX^@T&ABQOzF>LV^MAF^@LKLO>/RXNMQO>j?]>/T&?]NML/p�Z"^M_Vz f�LO[ITFJM>B_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF?WQON7^@T�[ITCQO>/LOnM^@HyN f AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ;N f �6]Cpb�3RXRQON�¥\^@LVA�QOzF>X?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>jNMLj[IT�QOzF>3NMGFG&NP?][IQO>7AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT {a��[IJMDFLO>X�Cpb�P�Vp�x;zF>X^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?WN f LV^MAF^@L[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOojQONX_Vz&^@TFJM>@?;[IT�Z"^@LOQOzy`b?%?]DFL�fh^M_U>j^@LO>jAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@AXSCo7d9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q%>/Q%�F>/[IJMH�{ ,�./. ]P�Vpx;zF>BR7^@[IT9^MACnM^@TCQV^@JM>3N f [ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_%AF^@QV^7[e?%QOz&^@QWQOzF>/o9ACN7TFNMQWD&?]>B[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQV^@QO[INMT
NMTmQOzF>9JMLONMDFT&A�p\l%T�[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R�_/^@TmS&>9QOzF>9NMTFHIo�^/nM^@[IHe^@SFHI>-TF>@^@L�� s >/HeA�RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQKN f>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>%> vu>@_UQV?�[ITX^KG&NPNMLOHIo3[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQO>@Aj^@LO>@^CpCx;zF[e?"TF>�¥��C[IT&ABN f AF^@QV^KR7^��P>@?�[IQ"G&NP?O?][ISFHI>QON3z&^/nP>j^@T-[eAC>@^jN f QOzF> f�NC_/^@H�RX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R({a�F>/[IJMH >@3O46H�W Y ,�./.M| �Vpyx;zF>KzF[IJMz9?]G&^@QO[e^@H�AC>/T&?][IQ]o3N f�^LV^MAF^@LK[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R�^@He?]N7N vu>/LV?WQOzF>BG&NP?O?][ISF[IHI[IQ]o7QON-_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT�QOzF>BHINC_/^@QO[INMT�^@T&A9JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoXN f^M_UQO[InP> fh^@DFHIQV?�QONW^\JMLO>@^@QO>/L�AC>/JMLO>/>"QOz&^@TjD&?][ITFJW_UNMTCnP>/TCQO[INMT&^@HMJM>/NCAC>/QO[e_�NML�?]>/[e?]RX[e_�AF^@QV^K{]� � ^�¥\^ >@346H�W Y ,�./. �M�VpP�%>/nP>/LOQOzF>/HI>@?O?UY [Cl b AF^@QV^%z&^/nP>;TF>/nP>/LyS&>/>/TjD&?]>@AK[ITB_UNMR3SF[IT&^@QO[INMT6¥\[IQOzB?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@H^@T&A7NMQOzF>/L\JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_KAF^@QV^BQONX_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT-QOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>KGFLONC_U>@?O?Upx;zF>jZPDF>@?]QO[INMT&?%^MAFACLO>@?O?]>@AX[IT7QOzF[e?;G&^@G&>/LW^@LO>M�l%LO>%[Cl b AF^@QV^-^@HINMTF>7D&?]> f�DFH"QON9?]QOD&ACo�QOzF>7?]QV^@QO[e_3LODFGFQODFLO>XGFLONC_U>@?O? ��\hf�aWrg[�^@T&A ?]QOLONMTFJ
RXNMQO[INMT3AF^@QV^j^@LO>W^/nM^@[IHe^@SFHI>PYM[e?�[IQ"D&?]> f�DFHFQONjD&?]>%[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_�AF^@QV^KQONj[IRXGFLON@nP>"QOzF>W?]NMHIDFQO[INMT��%N-?]QOLONMTFJ7RXNMQO[INMT�^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMJMLV^@R7?%_UNMR3SF[ITF>@A ¥\[IQOz9[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_WAF^@QV^7_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT�QOzF>BQO>/R �G&NMLV^@H"JMLON�¥\QOz�N f QOzF>BLODFGFQODFLO>3^M_/_UDFLV^@QO>/HIoPY�^@T&A9[e?%[IQWG&NP?O?][ISFHI>BQON7z&^/nP>BRXNMLO>jGFLO>@_U[e?][INMT-NMT�QOzF>LODFGFQODFLO>KGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT9QOz&^@T-D&?][ITFJBNMTFHIo-?]QOLONMTFJ3JMLONMDFT&A7RXNMQO[INMT7AF^@QV^ �xyN7^@T&?#¥;>/LWQOzF>@?]>BZPDF>@?]QO[INMT&?UY¥;>j>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>WQOzF>jLODFGFQODFLO>jGFLONC_U>@?O?%N f�QOzF> ,�./. �-=�^@T&AC>/LV?%>@^@L��QOz&ZPD&^��P>K[ITXQ#¥;NX?]QO>/G&?�f�LONMR JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_K^@T&A-?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@HyAF^@QV^7{a��[IJMDFLO>j�Cpb�P�Vp�\aT7QOzF> s LV?]Q%?]QO>/GyY
¥;>B_UNMRXGFDFQO>WQOzF>B?]QV^@QO[e_j?]NMHIDFQO[INMT9SCo7[ITCnP>/LOQO[ITFJjQOzF>BAC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT s >/HeA7RX>@^M?]DFLO>@AXSCo7LV^MAF^@LW[IT �QO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOoXQON-_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT�QOzF>3?]HI[IG�AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT9NMT�QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ/p�¦�>BD&?]>3LO[e_Vz$[Cl b AF^@QV^XNMT�^¥;>/HIHt� �CTFN�¥\T9>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>BQONXQO>@?]QKNMDFLj^@GFGFLONP^M_Vzyp��%>/ECQ/Y¥;>B[ITCnP>/LOQLa%NMS&^@H;r�NP?][IQO[INMTF[ITFJ�[PoF?]QO>/R{SaWrg[F��RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQV?�^@HINMTF>K^@T&A7^@He?]Nj[IT7_UNMR3SF[IT&^@QO[INMT[¥\[IQOz�[Cl b AF^@QV^Cp%¦�>WAC[e?O_UD&?O?;QOzF>%LO>@?]N �HIDFQO[INMT-NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A7SCo7QOzF>j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXN f�QOzF>jAC[tvu>/LO>/TCQWAF^@QV^X?]>/QV?Up%¦�>B^@T&^@HIo � >jQOzF>jDFTF[eZPDF>/TF>@?O?;N fQOzF>j?]NMHIDFQO[INMT-^@T&A7QOzF>K[IT � DF>/T&_U>KN f ^3?]RXNPNMQOzF[ITFJ3_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQ/p
\aT7QOzF>j?]>@_UNMT&A-?]QO>/GyY%¥;>j?]QOD&ACoXQOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO> f�LONMTCQ%nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oBnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT-D&?][ITFJ3?]QOLONMTFJXJMLONMDFT&ARXNMQO[INMT3AF^@QV^K^@T&A3QOzF>%?]QV^@QO[e_\?]NMHIDFQO[INMTX^@T&A3[IQV?�>/LOLONML;AC>@ACD&_U>@A f�LONMR!^K_UNMR3SF[IT&^@QO[INMTjN f [Cl b ^@T&AaWrg[9AF^@QV^Cp�x;zF[e?WQ#¥;N � ?]QO>/G�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT {a��[IJMDFLO>3�Cpb�P�%HI[IRX[IQV?;QOzF>3QOLV^MAC> �hN v S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T9G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?^@T&A�^@HIHIN�¥%?KQOzF>XQO>/RXG&NMLV^@H"G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LKQON-nM^@LOo f�LO>/>/HIo-N@nP>/Lj^U¥\[eAC>3LV^@TFJM>Pp�x;zF>XR7^@[IT�JMNP^@H;N fQOzF[e?j?]>@_UNMT&A ?]QO>/G [e?KQON9NMSFQV^@[ITm^-S&>/QOQO>/L@�CTFN�¥\HI>@ACJM>XN fwQOzF>P�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_jLODFGFQODFLO>XGFLONC_U>@?O?Up2¦�>¥\^@TCQ"QON:�CTFN�¥�[tf QOzF>\LODFGFQODFLO> f�LONMTCQ"GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@?;?]RXNPNMQOzFHIoBNMT3QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/YMNML"[tf�YMNMTXQOzF>%_UNMTCQOLV^@LOoPYQOzF>3nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o7nM^@LO[I>@?j?]QOLONMTFJMHIo�^@T&A�¥\zF>/QOzF>/Lj?]QOLONMTFJ-nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?j_UNM[IT&_U[eAC>[¥\[IQOz�QOzF>XHINC_/^@QO[INMT�N f^M?]G&>/LO[IQO[I>@?\^@T&A7S&^@LOLO[I>/LV?Up
� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
ghjkghjgk
Emerson and Camp Rock Fault
Hom
estead Valley Fault
Kickapoo Fault
Johnson Valley F
ault35°N
34°05117°20’W 116°20’W
egf9hC.P�Cpb� / NOm@; >KD�� >E<=79:�3S>KD�z >KDE8@��DE4�A 8 z 39?�> �'F�:�> � ��¤-R6T�T � ¤ w 4�:'<�>KDE;C>E4�D@39?'p�F�4���>C8�mK354�79:�>E< �-7�39?vM£C1�tER%1'�,£ <�46354�Q9o$4 ;@;�8�:':�>@3=>@3L46H�W*¤MR6T�T �VUXW ��DK79:6��>E;%4�D@> �@8�:�358�F�D�HI79:�>E;�8 zi>Ep�F�46HO<�7I;SB�HI4��K>@tA�>K:�3O8 z039?�>O��DE8�F�:'<�46HI8�:6��39?�>LHI79:�>L8 z0;�7^� ?�3g8 z ;�463S>@H�HI7�3S>�WONO:�> z|F�H�H���DE4�x t�;�@46H�> ��x �KH�>MD@>5B(D@>E; >K:�39;� ��W���A=A 8 zi;�F�D�z|4��K>�<�7I;SB�HI4��K>KA�>K:�3�79:�39?�>���DE8�F�:'<6t53586t�;�463S>@H�HI7�3S>�<�79D@>��K35798�:qmK>@3 ��>@>K:��gB(DK7�H � �¤R6T�T � ¤L4�:'< �'F�:�>�R ��¤=R6T�T ��W ?�>%4�� >KDE4���>%D@>E;�79<�F�46Hg8�:�39?�>�A�>E4 ;�F�D@>KA�>K:�3L7I;_>E;K3579A=463S>E<$358$mK>:'8qA=8�D@>�39?'4�:�8�:�>�z|DK79:6��>_4�:'<�7I;_A=4�79:�HIx�<�F'>%358q4635A=8 ;SB'?�>KDK7���B(DE8KB'4���4635798�:n?�>@3S>KDE8@��>K:�>K7�35x�¤D@>E;�79<�F�46H�358KB'8@��DE4KB'?'7�� �@8�:�35DK79m�F�35798�:�;/¤L4�:'<�?'x6<�DE8@��DE4KB'?'7��=:�>@3 �-8�D��qQ5<�4�D���HI79:�>E; U B�>KD@35F�DKm@4635798�:�; W ?'7I;MA=4KBn46H ;�8�;@?'8���;L39?�> z|4�F�H^3O35DE4��K>L8�� ; >@3LQ ��?'7�3S>LHI79:�>E; U ;�79ACB�HI7 � >E<0z|DE8�A �L4�D@3O>@3O46H�W*¤CR6T�T ��¤39?�>�>5B(7��K>K:�3S>KD=HI8��@4635798�:�Q9;K354�D Uo¤O4�:'<�39?�>M;�F�D�z|4��K>CB(DE8 � >��K35798�:$8 z 39?�>=39?'D@>@> � >KD@357��@46H�; >���A�>K:�39;�8 z39?�>MA=8 <�>@H z|4�F�H^3LQ5<�4 ;@?�>E<�HI79:�>E; UXW 8%F6; >M4=��8 8 <�p�F�46HI7�35x%<�46354=; >@3j¤ ��>=>EP 35DE4��K3�; >�� >KDE46H�?'F�:'<�D@>E<B'8�79:�39; z|DE8�A~39?�>L79:�3S>KD�z >KDE8@��DE4�A ��?�>KD@>G39?�>O;�7^��:'46H�7I;L:'863�B�>KD@35F�DKmK>E<=m�xG��DE8�F�:'<��-463S>KD �@8�:�3S>K:�3g8�DB'8 ;K3(; >K7I;�A=7��L<�>�z|8�DKA=4635798�:�<�F'>O358=8��_z|4�F�H^3�4 zV3S>KDE;@?'8�����; W ?�>C<�8639;��@8�:�;K357�35F�3S>C39?�>C<�46354L; >@3�F6; >E<Q�� ��� <�>�z|8�DKA=4635798�: ��46HIF'>E;�79:�39?�>C��DE8�F�:'<�358�;�463S>@H�HI7�3S>�<�79D@>��K35798�: UXW
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � � ��������� � � ����� ���� ���� ��
x;zF>WAF^@QV^j?]>/Q"[e?�_UNMRXG&NP?]>@ABN f aWrg[BRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TPQV?yN f AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ"{a�%D&ACTCDFQ >@3�46H�W Y ,�./. �C�^@T&A-^@T-[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R!N f QOzF>B=�^@T&AC>/LV?\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>B{ad9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q >@3O46H�W Y ,�./. �C�Vpx;zF>X[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R�?]zFN�¥%?jQOzF>3JMLONMDFT&A�AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T�l%GFLO[IH"�@�FY ,�./. �CY"^@T&A } DFTF>
, ]CY ,�./. �Cp�x;zF>XAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ%[e?W>/ECQOLV^M_UQO>@A9^@Qj?]>/nP>/LV^@H�zCDFT&ACLO>@A�?][IQO>@?wf�LONMR�QOzF>B[IR7^@JM>3?]zFN�¥\T[IT ��[IJMDFLO>-�Cpb�Cp"�FNMLj>@^M_Vz�AF^@QV^9G&NM[ITCQjHINC_/^@QO>@A�NMTm^@T [ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_ f�LO[ITFJM>PYT¥;>-^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>-^_Vz&^@TFJM>9[ITmQOzF>9JMLONMDFT&A��hQON � ?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>�AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>�^M?O?]DFRX[ITFJ � >/LON�RXNMQO[INMT f�NML7^ f�LO[ITFJM> fh^@L f�LONMRQOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ � NMTF>Pp�x;zF>BHINC_/^@QO[INMT�N f QOzF> � >/LON f�LO[ITFJM>3AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQWACDF>BQON-QOzF>3_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_j?]HI[IG9[e?¥;>/HIH�>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@AXQOz&^@T%�F?%QON7^ f�NMLE¥\^@LVA9_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO[INMT-N f QOzF>jJMLONMDFT&A�AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT-D&?][ITFJ7QOzF>B?]HI[IGAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTXAC>@ACD&_U>@A�f�LONMR!?]QOLONMTFJBRXNMQO[INMT3[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT7{]k"NMQOQONMTX>/Q\k;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY ,�./.M|�� �%>/LOT&^@T&AC> �>@3O46H�W Y ,�./. �M�Vp�x;zF>WGFz&^M?]>jnM^@HIDF>@?;[ITXQOzF>K[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R ^@LO>j_UNMTCnP>/LOQO>@A�f�LONMR(^@R3SF[IJMDFNMD&?;_UoF_UHI>@?[ITCQONX^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>3_Vz&^@TFJM>@?\[IT�AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ"D&?][ITFJ7^3R7^@TCD&^@HyDFT¥\LV^@GFGF[ITFJ7^@GFGFLONP^M_Vzyp�Z"^M_Vz9_UoF_UHI>N f GFz&^M?]>j_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF?\QON3^@T7[ITCQO>/LOnM^@H�N f AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ�N f �6]Cpb�jRXR�[IT7QOzF>WJMLONMDFT&A��hQON � ?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTypM¦�>�ACN TFNMQ7D&?]>�^@T^@DFQONMR7^@QO[e_-DFT¥\LV^@GFGF[ITFJ�RX>/QOzFNCA�S&>@_/^@D&?]>�N f�G&>/LOQODFLOS&^@QO[INMT&?R7^@[ITFHIoBACDF>WQONBzCoFACLONMJMLV^@GFzCo7^@T&A3HINC_/^@H�^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�F?"QOz&^@QG¥;>KACNBTFNMQ;QV^��P>W[ITCQONB^M_/_UNMDFTCQ;[ITXNMDFLRXNCAC>/HapFx;zF>BLO>@?]DFHIQO[ITFJ3AF^@QV^X?]>/QK_UNMT&?][e?]QV?\N f��P�M�3QOLO[IGFHI>/QV?\_UNMTCQV^@[ITF[ITFJ3He^@QO[IQOD&AC>PY&HINMTFJM[IQOD&AC>PY&^@T&AQOzF>W?]QV^@QO[e_%AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ�[IT3JMLONMDFT&A��hQON � ?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>KAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTyp�¦�>W>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>;QOz&^@Q;QOzF>%>/LOLONML"NMTXQOzF>AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ"[e?;N f QOzF>KNMLVAC>/L\N f NMTF> f�LO[ITFJM>3{a�3_UR-�Vpx;zF>@?]>O[Cl b AF^@QV^\[IT&_UHID&AC>�QOzF>;?]QV^@QO[e_"AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTWN@nP>/LyRXNMLO>�QOz&^@T , oP>@^@L/p/x;zF>\AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT[e?yR7^@[ITFHIoW_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_2�VQOzF>\^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>�N fuGFLO>@?]>/[e?]RX[e_�^@T&AjG&NP?]QV?]>/[e?]RX[e_�>@ZPDF[InM^@HI>/TCQ�?]HI[IGK[ITCQO>/JMLV^@QO>@A
N@nP>/L�^%G&>/LO[INCAKN f , �WRXNMTCQOz&?�[e?y>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@AWQON%S&>;TFNWRXNMLO>"QOz&^@TB^ f�>�¥ AC>@_U[IRX>/QO>/LO?�{a�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> �L>@346H�W Y ,�./. �M�VpCr�NP?]Q�� ?]>/[e?]RX[e_�[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R7?�N fuQOzF>%=�^@T&AC>/LV?�^@LO>@^j{ad9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q >@3�46H�W Y ,�./. � � r�>/HIQ � >/L>@3O46H�W Y ,�./. �P�VY&R7^MAC>wf�LONMR [IR7^@JM>@?;^M_/ZPDF[ILO>@A | AF^/oF?%^�f�QO>/L\QOzF>W>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j^@T&A7He^@QO>/L\?]DFJMJM>@?]QW^G&NP?]QV?]>/[e?]RX[e_j?]HI[IG-N f ?]>/nP>/LV^@H�_U>/TCQO[IRX>/QO>/LV?UYF_UNMRXG&^@LV^@SFHI>jQONXQOz&^@QKNMSFQV^@[ITF>@Agf�LONMR�^@T�^@T&^@HIoF?][e?%N faWrg[9AF^@QV^9{� ;HI>�¥\[IQOQ >@3G46H�W Y ,�./. � � [PzF>/T >@3G46H�W Y ,�./. �C�Vp�x;zCD&?WQOzF>BGFLO>@?]>/[e?]RX[e_W^@T&A9G&NP?]QV?]>/[e?]RX[e_> vu>@_UQV?W_/^@T�S&>3_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@A-QON7S&>BRX[ITFNMLK_UNMRXG&^@LO>@A7QON7QOzF>3AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTgs >/HeA9_ULO>@^@QO>@A-SCo-QOzF>R7^@[IT&?]zFNC_/��pCd-NMLO>/N@nP>/L/Yx¥;>jACNBTFNMQ\>/ECQOLV^M_UQ\AF^@QV^BG&NM[ITCQV?;TF>@^@L\He^@LOJM>K[eAC>/TCQO[ts >@A3^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�F?;TFNMQHINC_/^@QO>@AXNMT-QOzF> fh^@DFHIQV?;QOz&^@Q%RXN@nP>@A3ACDFLO[ITFJ3QOzF>KR7^@[IT&?]zFNC_/��p
\aT7NMDFLLaWrg[X[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyYx¥;>KD&?]>@A7NMTFHIoXQOzF>KzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@HyRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQV?�R7^MAC>WSCo7�%D&ACTCDFQ >@346H�W { ,�./. �C�;HINC_/^@QO>@AX[IT7^ , �M��� �CR �hLV^MAC[ID&?\^@LO>@^B^@LONMDFT&AXQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ � NMTF>PpFx;zF>@?]>j?]DFLOnP>/oF?�GFLON@nC[eAC>@A_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_%AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ"AF^@QV^Cp¦�>KACN3TFNMQ%D&?]>=aWrg[3nP>/LOQO[e_/^@H�RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TPQV?�S&>@_/^@D&?]>KN f QOzF>/[ILHe^@LOJM>KDFT&_U>/LOQV^@[ITCQO[I>@?Up
��������� ������� ����� � �����������
�FNML\QOzF>KAC[ILO>@_UQ"RXNCAC>/HI[ITFJFYx¥;>wf�NMHIHIN�¥mQOzF>wf�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo3ACNMR7^@[ITX^@GFGFLONP^M_Vz7N f�k"NMQOQONMT7>/Q%k;^@R �GF[IHIHINX{ ,�./.M| �\LO>@?]QOLO[e_UQO>@A3QON3QOzF>j_/^M?]>KN f � >/LON�f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoPpx¦�>j_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO>WQOLV^@T&? f�>/L f�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?�f�NML%^
� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������He^/oP>/LO>@AWz&^@Htfe� ?]G&^M_U>\LV^@QOzF>/L�QOz&^@TX^%DFTF[tf�NMLOR�>/He^M?]QO[e_"z&^@Htfe� ?]G&^M_U>\[ITjNMLVAC>/L�QONWz&^/nP>\^WRXNMLO>"LO>@^@HI[e?]QO[e_LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQV^@QO[INMTBN f QOzF>%_ULOD&?]QV^@H&AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT7{S[C^/nM^@JM>PY ,�./. ]P�VpFx;zF>%_ULOD&?]QV^@HFRXNCAC>/H¥;>\D&?]>%[ITBQOzF[e??]QOD&ACo�[e?jAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@A9SCo k;^@RXGF[IHIHINX>/QBl%LV_VzCDFHI>/QV^-{ ,�./. �P�Vp2¦�>XAC[InC[eAC>3QOzF> fh^@DFHIQKQOz&^@QBLODFGFQODFLO>@AACDFLO[ITFJKQOzF>K=�^@T&AC>/LV?">@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>%[ITCQONKQOzFLO>/>%?]>/JMRX>/TCQV?��MQOzF> } NMzFT&?]NMTP¡;^@HIHI>/o fh^@DFHIQ"QONKQOzF>W?]NMDFQOz{a?]QOLO[��P>W� |M| Y/�VY¥\zF>/LO>WQOzF>WzCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L;[e?"HINC_/^@QO>@A�YCQOzF>j�%NMRX>@?]QO>@^MA[¡;^@HIHI>/o fh^@DFHIQK{a?]QOLO[��P>W�M� . Y\[ITQOzF>X_U>/TCQOLV^@H�G&^@LOQj^@T&A�QOzF>�Z�RX>/LV?]NMT�^@T&A�k;^@RXG b NC_/�gfh^@DFHIQ3{a?]QOLO[��P>B� , � Y/�%QON7QOzF>BTFNMLOQOz¥;>@?]Q/px;zF>�fh^@DFHIQW[e?%RXNCAC>/HI>@A7SCo-QOzFLO>/>BnP>/LOQO[e_/^@H�GFHe^@TF>@?B{a��[IJMDFLO>3�Cpb�P�VY�>@^M_Vz�AC[InC[eAC>@A-[ITCQON7AC[e?O_ULO>/QO> | ��CR � ¥\[eAC> � ?OZPD&^@LO>%?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?%{]k"NMQOQONMT7>/Q\k;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY ,�./.M| �Vp&x;zF>%QOLV^@T&? f�>/L�f�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?\{��W>/TFTF>/QOQ">/Q�W>/LOLOoPY ,�. � .�� ;NMD&_VzFNMTyY ,�. ] , �j^@LO>X_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO>@A-[IT9QOzF>3JMLONMDFT&A��hQON � ?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>XAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT f�NML=[Cl bAF^@QV^X^@T&A-[IT-QOzF>jzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@H�GFHe^@TF> f�NMLMaWrg[-AF^@QV^Cp�x;zF>BJMLONMDFT&A9AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT����"^@QK^3G&NM[ITCQ��{S[Cl b NMLGaWrg[7AF^@QV^P�\_/^@T-S&>KLO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@AX^M?%^BHI[ITF>@^@L\?]DFR N f��9?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?%_UNMTCQOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT&?��
���]{� ���P�"��� � ��� �]{� �m�P��� {a�Cp , �
¥\zF>/LO> � [e?%QOzF>3QOLV^@T&? f�>/LWR7^@QOLO[IE7N f QOzF>3AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT9NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A-[IT���f�NMLj^XDFTF[IQK?]QOLO[��P>B?]HI[IG9[IT��p�� [e?"QOzF>KDFT%�CTFN�¥\T7RX>@^@T7?]HI[IG7^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>%N f QOzF>j�����K?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ/p&x;zF[e?\?][IRXGFHI>\G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[ � ^��QO[INMTyY%¥\zF[e_Vz7[e?%_UNMT&?][e?]QO>/TCQG¥\[IQOz-QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%QOLV^M_U>KNMS&?]>/LOnP>@A7SCoXJM>/NMHINMJM[e?]QV?K{a��[IJMDFLO>B�Cpb�P�\^@T&A7QOzF>^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�F?BAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTyY�HI[IRX[IQV?%QOzF>XTCDFR3S&>/LKN f G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?KN fwQOzF>XRXNCAC>/H"QON9��]-DFT%�CTFN�¥\T?]HI[IG&?Up������� � ���� � ��������� � � ������ �x;zF>;[ITCnP>/LV?]>�GFLONMSFHI>/R�_UNMT&?][e?]QV?y[ITjRX[ITF[IR3[ � [ITFJ"QOzF>\AC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U>"S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TKQOzF>"NMS&?]>/LOnP>@AKJMLONMDFT&AAC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTm^@T&A�QOz&^@Q7_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO>@A�¥\[IQOzmQOzF>gf�NMLE¥\^@LVA�RXNCAC>/HI[ITFJFp�\aQX_/^@TmS&>�?]NMHInP>@A D&?][ITFJ�^
HI[ITF>@^@LBHI>@^M?]QX?OZPD&^@LO>@?3[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�?O_VzF>/RX>Pp=¦�>9^M?O?]DFRX>7QOz&^@QXQOzF>gf�NMLE¥\^@LVA�GFLONMSFHI>/R�[e?B>/EF^M_UQOHIo?]NMHInP>@AjSCoBQOzF>\HI[ITF>@^@L�Z"ZPD&^@QO[INMT-{a�Cp , �VYPQOz&^@Q"QOzF>%LO>@?]DFHIQV?�N f QOzF>\NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?;^@LO>WAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@AjSCoB^JP^@D&?O?][e^@T-GFLONMS&^@SF[IHI[IQ]o[¥\[IQOzX>/ECG&>@_UQV^@QO[INMT��!^@T&A7_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>WR7^@QOLO[IE����\YF^@T&A3QOz&^@Q\QOzF>K^KGFLO[INMLO[[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�[e?jAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@A9SCo�^-JP^@D&?O?][e^@T GFLONMS&^@SF[IHI[IQ]o�¥\[IQOz�>/ECG&>@_UQV^@QO[INMT�� �3^@T&A�_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>���Xp%¦�> f�NMHIHIN�¥x�^@LV^@TCQONMHe^C`b?K{ ,�. ]P�M� f�NMLOR3DFHe^@QO[INMTXQON3_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO>KQOzF>KRXNCAC>/H�>/ECG&>@_UQV^@QO[INMT
�(��� �! m{ � � � � �� � "� � �� � � � � � � � �� {#� � � � �/� {a�Cpb�P�QOzF>j_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>KNMG&>/LV^@QONML%NMT-QOzF>KRXNCAC>/H
���%$&�{ � � � � �� � "� � �� � � � {a�Cpb�P�^@T&A7QOzF>KLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7NMG&>/LV^@QONML/p
&���{ � � � � �� � "� � �� � � � � � � � �� � {a�Cp �C�x;zF>3LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�R7^@QOLO[IE�&�RX>@^M?]DFLO>@?%zFN�¥ ¥;>/HIH�QOzF>3[ITCnP>/LV?]>BGFLONMSFHI>/R�_/^@T�S&>7?]NMHInP>@AU¥\[IQOz
NMDFL\AF^@QV^CpFx;zF>wfh^@LOQOzF>/L"QOzF>WLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT3NMG&>/LV^@QONML\[e? f�LONMR![eAC>/TCQO[IQ]oPY@QOzF>,¥;NMLV?]>WQOzF>W?]NMHIDFQO[INMTX[e?Up�\hf
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � ���
QOzF>KAC[e^@JMNMT&^@Hy>/HI>/RX>/TCQ�N f QOzF>WLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTXR7^@QOLO[IEB_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AC[ITFJBQON3^jG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L"[e?">@ZPD&^@H&QON , YQOzF>jG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L%[e?\G&>/L�f�>@_UQOHIoXLO>@?]NMHInP>@A7SCo7QOzF>3AF^@QV^X?]>/Q/p�x;zF>BQOLV^M_U>jN f�QOzF>�&�R7^@QOLO[IE3[IT&AC[e_/^@QO>@?QOzF>\TCDFR3S&>/LyN fuG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?y> vu>@_UQO[InP>/HIo%LO>@?]NMHInP>@AKSCojQOzF>%AF^@QV^CpPx;zF>\nM^@HIDF>@?�N fuQOzF>\LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT3^@LO>AC>/G&>/T&AC>/TCQ;NMT7QOzF>j^jGFLO[INMLO[y_VzFNM[e_U>%N f����!^@T&A ���\pF�FNML\QOzF[e?"LO>@^M?]NMTyYFQOzF>KLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTXR7^@QOLO[IEB[ITQOzF[e?;?]QOD&ACoX[e?"D&?]>@A3NMTFHIo3QON3_UNMRXG&^@LO>%QOzF>WLO>/He^@QO[InP>\LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7N f AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ;G&^@LOQV?;N f QOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ;NMLQONB_UNMRXG&^@LO>\LO>@?]DFHIQV?�NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A[¥\[IQOzXAC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ"?]QV^@LOQO[ITFJjRXNCAC>/He?�SFDFQ;QOzF>W?O^@RX>%AF^@QV^j^@T&AX^WGFLO[INMLO[nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>@?UpMlm?]RXNPNMQOzF[ITFJK_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQ�[e?�[ITCQOLONCACD&_U>@AKQOzFLONMDFJMz3QOzF>%_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>;R7^@QOLO[IE ���XY�¥\zF[e_VzAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@?�QOzF>K^KGFLO[INMLO[&[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT3NMTXQOzF>%RXNCAC>/H&G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?UpPx;zF>WnM^@HIDF>@?�N f QOzF[e?"R7^@QOLO[IEB^@LO>JM[InP>/TXSCo ���7{ � ��� ����������� >/ECG���� �U{ � ��� �� � ��� {a�Cp | �
¥\zF>/LO>��y[e?\^j_UNMLOLO>/He^@QO[INMTXHI>/TFJMQOz-^@T&A [e?;QOzF>KAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>WS&>/Q#¥;>/>/TXQOzF>�� ��� ^@T&A�� ��� ?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?Upl%HIQONMDFJMz�QOzF>7HI>@^M?]Q3?OZPD&^@LO>@?B[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT oC[I>/HeAF?j^�?][ITFJMHI>-?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�¥\[IQOz�^@T�>/LOLONML3>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>PYNMQOzF>/LB?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?UY�G&>/LOz&^@G&?@¥\[IQOzF[IT�AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQKHINC_/^@H;RX[ITF[IR7^CY&_UNMDFHeA�GFLONCACD&_U>7^-JMNPNCA s QjQON-QOzF>AF^@QV^Cp�d-NMLO>/N@nP>/L/YCRXNP?]Q;[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT7GFLONC_U>@ACDFLO>@?;D&?]>jnM^@LO[INMD&?%^M?O?]DFRXGFQO[INMT&?\^@T&A7LO>@?]QOLO[e_UQO[INMT&?;QOz&^@QLO>@ACD&_U>;QOzF>\?]NMHIDFQO[INMT3?]G&^M_U>PY@G&NP?O?][ISFHIoK>/EF_UHID&AC[ITFJW?]NMRX>"LO>@^M?]NMT&^@SFHI>%?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?UpM�FNML�QOzF>@?]>;LO>@^M?]NMT&?UY[IQW[e?%TF>@_U>@?O?O^@LOo9QON7>/ECGFHINMLO>jQOzF>3G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LW?]G&^M_U>X^M?W>/ECQO>/T&?][InP>/HIo7^M?WG&NP?O?][ISFHI>3QON7NMSFQV^@[IT�^7?]>/QN f ^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>B?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?Up�a%HINMS&^@H;?]>@^@LV_Vz-RX>/QOzFNCAF?UY&HI[��P>KQOzF>3d-NMTCQO>3k;^@LOHIN7QO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>PYF>/ECGFHINMLO>^@T&A-GFLONCACD&_U>3R3DFHIQO[IGFHI>W?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?UY�SFDFQWS&>@_UNMRX>K[ITF> � _U[I>/TCQ\[IT-nP>/LOo7He^@LOJM>BG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L%?]G&^M_U>@?UpxyNB?]NMHInP>%QOzF[e?"GFLONMSFHI>/R9Y�¥;>%D&?]>K^KJM>/TF>/QO[e_%^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR({]=&NMR7^@E3>/QO[PTF[I>@AC>/L/Y ,�./. �C�;_UNMT s JMDFLO>@A3QONs T&A9R7^@TCo9^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>X?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?KLO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO[ITFJ7^@HIH"LO>/JM[INMT&?WN f QOzF>3RXNCAC>/H"?]G&^M_U>Z¥\[IQOz�^7JMNPNCARX[e? s Q/pyx;zF>3RX[e? s Qwf�DFT&_UQO[INMT�QON-RX[ITF[IRX[ � >K[e?K^ � � TFNMLOR�RX>@^M?]DFLO>3N f QOzF>XLO>@?][eACD&^@H;AC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U>S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T9NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A9^@T&A�?][IR3DFHe^@QO>@AXnM^@HIDF>@?Up�x;zF>3?]HI[IG�[e?W^@HIHIN�¥;>@A-QON7nM^@LOo9S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T��7^@T&A �X�^@T&A7_/^@TXQV^��P>K�@�3AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ;AC[e?O_ULO>/QO>%nM^@HIDF>@?UpFx;zF[e?"G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[ � ^@QO[INMT3JM[InP>@?;^@S&NMDFQ , ���# %G&NP?O?][ISFHI>RXNCAC>/He?UpG ;>/JM[ITFTF[ITFJ�¥\[IQOz^�LV^@T&ACNMR*G&NMGFDFHe^@QO[INMTN f ?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?UY%?]D&_/_U>@?O?][InP>-G&NMGFDFHe^@QO[INMT&?9^@LO>_ULO>@^@QO>@A3SCo3?]>/HI>@_UQO[INMTyYC_ULONP?O?]N@nP>/L/YC^@T&AXR3DFQV^@QO[INMTypCx;zF>WJM>/TF>/QO[e_%^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR!GFLONCACD&_U>@?\^jHe^@LOJM>K?]>/QN f ?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?=¥\zF[e_VzB?O^@RXGFHI>"QOzF>\?]NMHIDFQO[INMT3?]G&^M_U>;JMHINMS&^@HIHIoj^@T&Aj[e?yG&^@LOQO[e_UDFHe^@LOHIoWD&?]> f�DFHCQONW[IHIHID&?]QOLV^@QO>QOzF>KTFNMTCDFTF[eZPDF>/TF>@?O?;N f QOzF>j?]NMHIDFQO[INMTyp
��������� � ���� �� �� �� �������� ���� �������� � ������ ������
¦�>W^@GFGFHIojQOzF>%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTBQO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>@?y[ITF[IQO[e^@HIHIoKQONj?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_\AF^@QV^WQONB^@T&^@HIo � >\QOzF>WAC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U>@?S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T7QOzF>3?]QV^@LOQO[ITFJXRXNCAC>/H�^@T&A-QOzF>B?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?%N f�QOzF>j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyp&x;zF>j[ITF[IQO[e^@HyQOzFLO>/> � ^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]oRXNCAC>/H�[e?\?]zFN�¥\T-SCoXQOzF[e_/�3HI[ITF>@?;[IT-��[IJMDFLO>j�Cp �Fp%¦�>jD&?]>KQOzF>j?O^@RX> fh^@DFHIQ\JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoX^@T&A-_ULOD&?]QV^@H?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>gf�NML3QOzF[e?3?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_7?][IR3DFHe^@QO[INMT ^@T&A f�NML3QOzF>9^M_UQOD&^@HWAF^@QV^�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTypT¦�>9_UNMRXGFDFQO>AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ\[IT9QOzF>BJMLONMDFT&A��hQON � ?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>XAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT�^@T&A9JM>/TF>/LV^@QO>3^7?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_K[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R{a��[IJMDFLO>K�Cp | �Vp¦�>%QOzF>/TX[ITCnP>/LOQ"QOzF>K?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_\RXNMQO[INMT&?�[ITXQOzF>WJMLONMDFT&AXQON3?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>%AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT�f�NMLQOzF>j?O^@RX>jAF^@QV^BG&NM[ITCQ%D&?]>@A f�NML%QOzF>j^M_UQOD&^@H�[Cl b AF^@QV^Cp�x;zF>KLO>@?]DFHIQV?\N f QOzF>KS&>@?]Q%RXNCAC>/He? f�NMDFT&A
� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
0
2
4
6
0
2
4
6
0
2
4
6Top of the faults
0
2
4
6
Slip
, m
0
2
4
6
Slip
, m
0
2
4
6
Slip
, m
Middle of the faults
0
2
4
6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Distance from epicenter, km
0
2
4
6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Distance from epicenter, km
0
2
4
6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Distance from epicenter, km
Bottom of the faults
egf9hC.F�Cp � / £G>E;�F�H^39; z|DE8�A~8�:�>O��>K:�>@357��M46H ��8�DK7�39?'A 79: � >KDE;�798�:�8 z ;�x6:�39?�>@357��G1'�,£~<�46354 �@46H���F�HI463S>E<z|DE8�A~4=39?'D@>@>@tS4 ;SB�>KDK7�35xLA=8 <�>@H�D@>5B(D@>E; >K:�3S>E<=m�xM39?'7����MHI79:�>E; W ?�> � � mK>E;K3�A=8 <�>@H ;G4�D@>-B�HI863�3S>E<�¤�4�:'<, ��� A=8 <�>@H ;M4�D@>C3S>E;K3S>E<%F6;�79:6��4LB'8KB(F�HI4635798�:�;�7Il >L8 z ����� 4�:'< � ��� ��>K:�>KDE4635798�:�; W ?�>C;KHI7 B$7I; ��>@H�H�@8�:�;K35DE4�79:�>E<�79:�39?�>MF�B�B�>KDgB'4�D@3�8 z�39?�> z|4�F�H^3j¤Om�F�3O39?�>LD@>E;�86HIF�35798�:_<�>���D@>E4 ; >E; �-7�39?_<�>5B�39?�W
117°20’ W 116°20’ W
34°04’N
35°N(a) (b) (c)
egf9hC.&�Cp |�/ o$7I; � 3SW�Q54VU �K:�3S>KD�z >KDE8@��DE4�A �@8�:�;K35DKF �K3S>E< z|DE8�A~39?�> �6tS4 ;SB�>KDK7�35xMA=8 <�>@H�Q�39?'7����=HI79:�>E;M79:�g7^��F�D@> � W � UXWOQ5m U 1(x6:�39?�>@357���79:�3S>KD�z >KDE8@��DE4�AyB(DE8 <�F �K>E<�F6;�79:6��4�A=8 <�>@H�8 z�39?�>G��>K:�>@357��%46H ��8�DK7�39?'A79: � >KDE;�798�:�WGQ � U �K:�3S>KD�z >KDE8@��DE4�A 8�mK354�79:�>E<_m�xMB'?'4 ; >L;�F�mK35DE4��K35798�:$8 z 39?�>L;�x6:�39?�>@357���A=8 <�>@H-4�:'<�8 z4M��>K:�>@357���46H ��8�DK7�39?'A 79: � >KDE;�798�:%;�86HIF�35798�:�W
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � ��
SCo�QOzF>-JM>/TF>/QO[e_7^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�^@LO>9ACLV^�¥\T�[ITm��[IJMDFLO>-�Cp �Fp;x;zF[e?3?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_XQO>@?]QX?]zFN�¥%?QOz&^@QBQOzF>7?]HI[IG�[e?:¥;>/HIH;_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@A�[IT�QOzF>XDFGFG&>/LBG&^@LOQBN fwQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ3^@T&A�QOz&^@QBQOzF>XLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTAC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@?:¥\[IQOz AC>/GFQOzyp�x;zF>XLO>@?][eACD&^@H;[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R�NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A�SCo�GFz&^M?]>-?]DFSFQOLV^M_UQO[INMT�N fwQOzF>?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_�RXNCAC>/HF^@T&AjN fuQOzF>%?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_�[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R�GFLONCACD&_U>@ABD&?][ITFJK^@T3^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>;RXNCAC>/HPN fQOzF>\JM>/TF>/QO[e_\^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT3?]zFN�¥%?�LO>@?][eACD&^@H f�LO[ITFJM>@?�[ITBQOzF>\nC[e_U[ITF[IQ]oWN f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ�RXNP?]QOHIoj^@Q¥\^/nP>/HI>/TFJMQOz&?"?]zFNMLOQO>/L;QOz&^@TXNMDFL\AC[e?O_ULO>/QO[ � ^@QO[INMTBN f S&NMQOz-AF^@QV^j?O^@RXGFHI[ITFJj^@T&A�fh^@DFHIQ;GFHe^@TF>@?Upx¦m[IQOzQOzF>K^M_UQOD&^@HyAF^@QV^CY f�DFLOQOzF>/L;>/LOLONML%_/^@TXS&>K[ITCQOLONCACD&_U>@A3nC[e^KQOzF>K_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQ]oK[ITXQOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ;JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoQOz&^@Q%[e?;TFNMQ\RXNCAC>/HI>@A3G&>/L�f�>@_UQOHIoX^@T&A7QOzF>KLO>@?][eACD&^@HyTFNM[e?]>KNMT-QOzF>K[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R9p
������� � � � ������� �� ������ �� ���� � � ����� ��� ��� �� ��� � ��� ���� �
\aT�QOzF[e?WG&^@LOQ/YT¥;>3D&?]>XQOzF>3>/TCQO[ILO>X?]>/QKN f �P�M�-RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQV?K{a��[IJMDFLO>X�Cpb�P�WN f QOzF>3JMLONMDFT&A��QON � ?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>9_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQ3N f�QOzF>�?]QV^@QO[e_9AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ/p���[tf�Q]o RXNCAC>/He?[¥\[IQOzmQOzF>9HIN�¥;>@?]Q3RX[e? s Qf�NMDFT&AU¥\[IQOz-QOzF>jJM>/TF>/QO[e_j^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR�^@LO>BGFHINMQOQO>@A7[IT9��[IJMDFLO>B�Cpb�Cp�x;zF>BR7^@[IT7[ITCQO>/LO>@?]Q\N f�JM>/TF>/QO[e_[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTB[e?�QOz&^@Q;[IQ�GFLON@nC[eAC>@?"^K?]>/Q"N f R7^@TCoB^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>%?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?"^@T&A3QOzF>/T3JM[InP>@?�[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT^@S&NMDFQ-QOzF>9DFTF[eZPDF>/TF>@?O?3N f�QOzF>�?]NMHIDFQO[INMTypO\aQX[e?3[ITCQO>/LO>@?]QO[ITFJ�QON�TFNMQO>�QOz&^@Q7>/nP>/T�[tf QOzF>9RX[e? s QnM^@HIDF>@?;NMSFQV^@[ITF>@AP¥\[IQOz7QOzF>@?]> | �3RXNCAC>/He?;^@LO>j?][IRX[IHe^@L/YPQOzF>KJM>/TF>/QO[e_W[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXz&^M? f�NMDFT&A-^BHe^@LOJM>AC[InP>/LV?][IQ]o3N f ^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>KRXNCAC>/He?Up�x;zF>B_UNMRXG&^@LO[e?]NMT9N f�QOzF>BAC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ%RXNCAC>/He?\GFLONCACD&_U>@A-SCo7QOzF>JM>/TF>/QO[e_j^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR�JM[InP>@?W^XAC[ILO>@_UQKAC>@ACD&_UQO[INMT9N f QOzF>BG&^@LOQV?WN f QOzF>3?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�QOz&^@Qj^@LO>3?]QOLONMTFJMHIo_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@A�SCo9QOzF>XAF^@QV^-^@T&A�QOzF>3G&^@LOQV?:¥\zF>/LO>XG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?%N@nP>/Lj^ ¥\[eAC>3LV^@TFJM>7^@LO>X>@ZPD&^@HIHIo^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>Pp�x;zF>X?]HI[IG�AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT f�NMDFT&A�^@QKQOzF>3QONMG�N f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQK?]zFN�¥%?j^7_UNMT&_U>/TCQOLV^@QO[INMT9N fRXNCAC>/He?�[IT3^WLV^@TFJM>%N f , R!^@T&AB[e?�[ITX^@JMLO>/>/RX>/TCQ=¥\[IQOz3QOzF>%?]HI[IGBRX>@^M?]DFLO>@ABAC[ILO>@_UQOHIoKSCojJM>/NMHINMJM[e?]QV?[IT�QOzF>�s >/HeA {S[P[I>/z9>/Qj^@HapIY ,�./. �P�Vp�x;zF>3RXNCAC>/He?KACN7TFNMQ s Qj>/EF^M_UQOHIo-QOzF>X?]DFL�fh^M_U>X?]HI[IG�NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A�Y>@?]G&>@_U[e^@HIHIoB[IT7QOzF>j?]NMDFQOzF>/LOT7G&^@LOQ%N f QOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ/p&x;zF[e?\?]R7^@HIH�AC[e?O^@JMLO>/>/RX>/TCQ;_/^@T7S&>K>/ECGFHe^@[ITF>@A3SCoQOzF>�fh^M_UQKQOz&^@QKQOzF>X?]HI[IG�[IT9QOzF>3RXNCAC>/H�[ITCQO>/JMLV^@QO>@?WQOzF>BRX>@^@T9nM^@HIDF>�f�NMLj^ | � �CR � ¥\[eAC>3?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ/Y¥\zF[IHI>jQOzF>�s >/HeA7RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQV?"JM[InP>K[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT-NMTFHIo-NMT9QOzF>3?]DFG&>/L�su_U[e^@H�AC[e?O_UNMTCQO[ITCDF[IQ]oPp&x;zF>?]GFLO>@^MABN f ?]HI[IG3AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT3[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@?T¥\[IQOzXAC>/GFQOzX^@T&AX?]G&^@T&?;^W� �hR ?]HI[IGBHI>/TFJMQOzX^@Q"QOzF>%S&NMQOQONMRN f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/p
¦�>%QO>@?]Q"?]>/nP>/LV^@H&_UNMLOLO>/He^@QO[INMTBHI>/TFJMQOz&? f�NML"QOzF>%HI>@^M?]Q"?OZPD&^@LO>@?"[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTjQONK>/nM^@HID&^@QO>%QOzF>\> vu>@_UQN f ?]RXNPNMQOzF[ITFJWNMTBQOzF>\LO>@?]DFHIQV?UpMx;zF>%?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?T¥\[IQOzjnM^@LO[INMD&?"_UNMLOLO>/He^@QO[INMTjHI>/TFJMQOz&?�^@LO>\LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@A[IT���[IJMDFLO>X�Cp��Pp�x;zF>XzF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQ]o-G&NM[ITCQO>@A9NMDFQj[IT�QOzF>3[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�¥\[IQOzFNMDFQB?]RXNPNMQOzF[ITFJ-[e?WQOzF>?O^@RX>K^M?\QOzF>B?]G&^@QO[e^@H�AC[e?O_ULO>/QO[ � ^@QO[INMTXN f QOzF>KRXNCAC>/HI[ITFJFYC[IT7G&^@LOQO[e_UDFHe^@L%^@QWAC>/GFQOzyp&x;zF[e?\zF>/QO>/LONMJM> �TF>/[IQ]o9[e?WGFLONMS&^@SFHIo�TFNMQjLO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQV^@QO[InP>BN f QOzF>XQOLODF>X?]HI[IG ^@QBAC>/GFQOzyp�\aQj[e?KTFNMQj[IRXG&NP?O?][ISFHI>BQOz&^@QQOzF>B?]HI[IG9nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT�_UNMDFHeA7S&>BnP>/LOo7zF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/NMD&?W^@QKAC>/GFQOz&?%SFDFQ6¥;>B^@LO>BTFNMQWoP>/QW^@SFHI>BQONXQO>@?]Q?]D&_Vz�zCoCG&NMQOzF>@?][e?Up"�%>/nP>/LOQOzF>/HI>@?O?UYy^9?]RXNPNMQOzF>@A�?]NMHIDFQO[INMT N fwQOzF>XHI>@^M?]Q3?OZPD&^@LO>@?j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�{ >Pp JFpIY�y� | �F�-�"JM[InP>@?\^jJMNPNCA-[eAC>@^jN f QOzF>KHINC_/^@QO[INMT-N f QOzF>KR7^@[ITXHe^@LOJM>j?]HI[IG7^@LO>@^M?Up%¦�>KTFNMQO>KQOz&^@Q%QOzF>^@LO>@^XN f zF[IJMz�?]HI[IG�^@Q ,/| �CR�AC>/GFQOz ^@T&A��M�P�CR�TFNMLOQOz�N f QOzF>B>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/LW[IT���[IJMDFLO>X�Cp��3[e?WTFNMQLO>@^@H\^@T&A�LO>@?]DFHIQV? f�LONMR�^@T NP?O_U[IHIHe^@QONMLOo�?]NMHIDFQO[INMTyp-\aQBAC[e?O^@GFG&>@^@LV?[¥\zF>/T�QOzF>7_UNMLOLO>/He^@QO[INMT�HI>/TFJMQOz
� �� � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
0
2
4
6
0
2
4
6
0
2
4
6Top of the faults
South North
0
2
4
6
Slip
, m
0
2
4
6
Slip
, m
Middle of the faults
0
2
4
6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Distance from epicenter, km
0
2
4
6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Distance from epicenter, km
Bottom of the faults
egf9hC.\�Cpb� / £G>E;�F�H^39;�z|DE8�A 8�:�>���>K:�>@357���46H ��8�DK7�39?'A 79: � >KDE;�798�:{z|8�D%39?�>_79:�3S>KD�z >KDE8�A�>@35DK7��$<�46354B'8�79:�39;=>EP �KHIF6;�7�� >@HIx�W2£G>5B(D@>E; >K:�3546357�� >L; >@3O8 z0;KHI7 Bn<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:_8�:�39?�> z|4�F�H^3SW ?�> � � mK>E;K3OA=8 <�>@H ;4�D@>CB�HI863�3S>E<�¤G4�:'<�, ��� A=8 <�>@H ; ��>KD@>=3S>E;K3S>E<�z|DE8�A 4_A=8 <�>@H�;SB'4��K> �-7�39?n4�m@8�F�3*, ��� � ;�7^��:'7 � �@4�:�3�HIx<�7 ��>KD@>K:�3�A=8 <�>@H ;LF6;�79:6��4GB'8KB(F�HI4635798�:�;�7Il >G8 z ����� 4�:'< � ��� ��>K:�>KDE4635798�:�; W ?�>O;KHI7 B_463-39?�>C358KB_8 z39?�> z|4�F�H^3O7I; ��>@H�H �@8�:�;K35DE4�79:�>E<�4�:'<%7I;M79:_4���D@>@>KA�>K:�3 �-7�39?���>E86HI8@��7��@46H-8�m@; >KD���4635798�:�;%Q�39?'7�����HI79:�> UXW ?�>M;SB(D@>E4�<%8 z�;KHI7 B�<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:n79: ��D@>E4 ; >E; �-7�39?$<�>5B�39?n4�:'<%;SB'4�:�;�4 �6tSA ;KHI7 B�79:�3S>KD���46Hg463O39?�>m@863�358�A 8 z�39?�> z|4�F�H^3SW
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � � � �
No smoothing constraint (l = 0 km)
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
4455
No smoothing constraint (l = 0 km)
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
No smoothing constraint (l = 0 km)
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Correlation length = 5 km
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
11
2
233
3 4
4
5
Correlation length = 5 km
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Correlation length = 5 km
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Correlation length = 10 km
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
0 70
1
1
23
4
Correlation length = 10 km
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
0 70
Correlation length = 10 km
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
0 700 1 2 3 4 5 6
Surface slip Slip, m
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Surface slip Slip, m
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Surface slip Slip, m
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Surface slip Slip, m
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Surface slip Slip, m
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Surface slip Slip, m
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Surface slip Slip, m
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Surface slip Slip, m
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
l = 0 km
l = 5 km
l = 10 km
Observed slip
0
10
20
30
40
50
Cou
nt (
406
poin
ts)
-20 0 20
l = 0 km= 2.7 cmσ
-20 0 20Misfit with SAR data, cm
l = 5 km= 2.8 cmσ
-20 0 20
l = 10 km= 3.4 cmσ
egf9hC.%�Cp�� / j�DE8 ;@;%; >��K35798�:�8 z{39?�>�;K35DK7���>@t�;KHI7 B~<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�<�>@3S>KDKA=79:�>E< z|DE8�A H�>E4 ;K3M;�p�F�4�D@>E;79: � >KDE;�798�:�;�8 z 39?�>=1'�,£ <�46354�B'8�79:�39;�>EP �KHIF6;�7�� >@HIx�WG£G>E;�F�H^39; �-7�39?q<�7 ��>KD@>K:�3 �@8�DKD@>@HI4635798�:nH�>K:6�639?�;4�D@>=;@?'8��-:�79:�39?�> � DE;K3L39?'D@>@> � ��F�D@>E; W ?�> �@8�:�358�F�D%79:�3S>KD���46HC7I;_R$A:¤L4�:'<$39?�> � DE;K3 �@8�:�358�F�D��7�� >K:�7I;MR=A�W ?�>O;�@46H�>Gm@4�DO;@?'8���;C39?�>C;KHI7 B%;@?'4�<�79:6��79:%A�>@3S>KDE; W ?�>g��DK79<=D@>5B(D@>E; >K:�39;G39?�> z|4�F�H^3A=8 <�>@H'; >��K35798�:�Q5:'8�D@39? ��>E;K3g8�:�H�>�zV3j¤�;�8�F�39?�>E4 ;K3�8�:�DK7^� ?�3 U <�7I;SB�HI4�x679:6��39?�>C;�F�m z|4�F�H^3O<�7I;��D@>@357Il�4635798�:8 z�39?�>M39?'D@>@> z|4�F�H^3�B�HI4�:�>E; WGQ5A=79<�<�H�> U ?�>G;KHI7 B�4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>M8 z >E4��@?_79: � >KDE;�798�:$7I; �@8�ACB'4�D@>E< �-7�39?;�F�D�z|4��K>GA�>E4 ;�F�D@>KA�>K:�39;GA=4�<�>G8�:%39?�> � >@HI<�m�xG��>E86HI8@��7I;K39; W�Q5m@863�358�A U �L7I;K358@��DE4�AL;g;@?'8��-79:6� �@8�F�:�34 ;%4 z|F�: �K35798�:�8 z 39?�>�D@>E;�79<�F�46Hg<�7 ��>KD@>K: �K>%mK>@3 ��>@>K:�1'�,£ <�46354$4�:'<_;�79A=F�HI463S>E< ��46HIF'>E;�z|8�D=39?�>39?'D@>@> �@8�DKD@>@HI4635798�:%H�>K:6�639?�; W
� � � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
Slip amplitude, m
-15
-10
-5D
epth
, km
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
4
44 5
Slip amplitude, m
-15
-10
-5D
epth
, km
Slip amplitude, m
-15
-10
-5D
epth
, km
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
m
Resolution, %
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
75
Resolution, %
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Resolution, %
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
0
25
50
75
100
%
Standard deviation, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
0.250.50.75
Standard deviation, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Standard deviation, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
m
egf9hC.%�Cp^] / j�DE8 ;@;%; >��K35798�: 8 z 39?�>�;K35DK7���>@t�;KHI7 B~<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�<�>@3S>KDKA=79:�>E< z|DE8�A H�>E4 ;K3M;�p�F�4�D@>E;79: � >KDE;�798�: 8 z 39?�>�1'�,£ <�46354$B'8�79:�39;n>EP �KHIF6;�7�� >@HIx �-7�39?'8�F�3�4�:'xn;�A=8 8639?'79:6� �@8�:�;K35DE4�79:�3�79:�39?�>79: � >KDE;�798�:�Q�358KB UXW ?�> �@8�:�358�F�DL79:�3S>KD���46H�7I;=R�A:¤g4�:'<�39?�>C;�@46H�>Mm@4�DC358�39?�>LDK7^� ?�3-;@?'8���;L39?�>G;KHI7 B;@?'4�<�79:6�n79:�A�>@3S>KDE; WMQ5A=79<�<�H�> U £G>E;�86HIF�35798�:q8�:�39?�>�A=8 <�>@H�B'4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDE;=;@?'8��-79:6�$?'8�� ��>@H�HC39?�>B'4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDG4�D@>LD@>E;�86H�� >E<�¤�39?�>G;�@46H�>Mm@4�DC358�39?�>MDK7^� ?�3-;@?'8���;L39?�>MD@>E;�86HIF�35798�:%;@?'4�<�79:6��79:�B�>KD��K>K:�3SW ?�> ��46HIF'>E;�8 z 39?�>�D@>E;�86HIF�35798�:�<�>5B�>K:'<_8�:n39?�>�4�B(DK798�DK7 �@?'8�7��K>�8 z ��4�DK794�: �K>E;�4�:'<$46H�HI8��~F6;�358�@8�ACB'4�D@>L39?�>�D@>@HI46357�� >�D@>E;�86HIF�35798�:n8 z <�7 ��>KD@>K:�3�B'4�D@39;�8 z 39?�> z|4�F�H^3SWGQ5m@863�358�A UivODKDE8�D=>E;K3579A=4635798�:8�:_39?�>L;KHI7 B�4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�> � 39?�>L;�@46H�>=m@4�DM358�39?�>�DK7^� ?�3�;@?'8���;=39?�>M;K354�:'<�4�DE<�<�>���794635798�:n8�:_39?�>M;KHI7 B4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>G;@?'4�<�79:6�%79:_A�>@3S>KDE; W
[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@?Upyx�¥;N-R7^@[IT9^M?]G&>/LO[IQO[I>@?K^@GFG&>@^@L/Y�NMTF>3HINC_/^@QO>@A9S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T , �-^@T&A ,/| �CR�TFNMLOQOz�N f QOzF>>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/L�^@Q"^@T3^/nP>/LV^@JM>\AC>/GFQOzjN f ],�CR ¥\[IQOz3^%R7^@EC[IRBDFR?]HI[IGB^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>�N f | R�^@T&A3^W?]>@_UNMT&A?]z&^@HIHIN�¥;>/L;S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T7�M�3^@T&A | �@�CR TFNMLOQOz7N f QOzF>K>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/L2¥\[IQOz-^jR7^@EC[IR3DFR�nM^@HIDF>KN f ^@LONMDFT&A�XR9pyx;zF>7?]HI[IG�^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>BAC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@?KQON � >/LON7RXNMLO>BQOz&^@T �M�U�CR�TFNMLOQOz�N f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQB?]oF?]QO>/R9px;zF>/LO>%^@LO>%^@LO>@^M?2¥\zF>/LO>\QOzF>%?]HI[IGB_Vz&^@TFJM>@?"?][IJMTyY f�LONMR�LO[IJMzCQ�He^@QO>/LV^@Hy{a^M?�>/ECG&>@_UQO>@A&��QONKHI> f�Q�He^@QO>/LV^@HaYSFDFQ;AC>@?]GF[IQO>;N f QOzF>%^@S&?]>/T&_U>\N f G&NP?][IQO[InC[IQ]oj_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQ/YMQOzF>K{ TFNMTFGFzCoF?][e_/^@H �yTF>/JP^@QO[InP>\?]HI[IGBLO>/R7^@[IT&??]R7^@HIHapMx;zF>K^@S&?]>/T&_U>%N f G&NP?][IQO[InC[IQ]oB_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQ\^@HIHIN�¥%?�D&?"QONjG&>/L�f�NMLOR!^KLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7^@T&^@HIoF?][e?�QOz&^@Q¥;>B_UNMT&?][eAC>/L%QON3S&>j[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ%QONX^M_VzF[I>/nP>W[IT-[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?Up&x;zF>jLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT-N f�QOzF>KHI>@^M?]QW?OZPD&^@LO>@?[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyYF?]zFN�¥\T9[IT-��[IJMDFLO>B�Cp^]CYF[IHIHID&?]QOLV^@QO>@?;zFN�¥ ¥;>/HIH�QOzF>jG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?\^@LO>jLO>@?]NMHInP>@A ¥\[IQOz7NMDFLAF^@QV^9[IT�AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQjG&^@LOQV?BN f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/p�x;zF[e?BLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�AC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@?@¥\[IQOz�AC>/GFQOz�^@T&A�_UNMT s LOR7?QOz&^@QWQOzF>j?]HI[IG9AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT-[e?\S&>/QOQO>/L\LO>@?]NMHInP>@AX[IT-QOzF>jDFGFG&>/L%G&^@LOQWN f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%QOz&^@T�^@QWAC>/GFQOzypx;zF>K^/nP>/LV^@JM>WLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7N f QOzF>WHI>@^M?]Q%?OZPD&^@LO>@?"[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT3N f [Cl b AF^@QV^j[e?"N f QOzF>WNMLVAC>/L\N f ]@� �Xp
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � � ��
117°20’ W 116°20’ W
34°04’N
35°N(a) (b) (c)
egf9hC.&�Cp .�/ o$7I; � 3SW5Q54VU �K:�3S>KD�z >KDE8@��DE4�A �@8�:�;K35DKF �K3S>E< z|DE8�A 3 �-8�DE4�<�4�DC79A=4���>E;=4��@p�F�79D@>E<�8�:��gB(DK7�H� �¤�R6T�T � ¤�4�:'<��'F�:�>�R ��¤�R6T�T ��W�Q5m U 1(x6:�39?�>@357���79:�3S>KD�z >KDE8@��DE4�A 8�mK354�79:�>E< �-7�39?�39?�>$A=8 <�>@HL8 z39?�>MH�>E4 ;K3O;�p�F�4�D@>E;=79: � >KDE;�798�: �-7�39?'8�F�3G4�:'x�;�A=8 8639?'79:6� �@8�:�;K35DE4�79:�3SWOQ � U £G>E;�79<�F�46H-79:�3S>KD�z >KDE8@��DE4�A8�mK354�79:�>E<Mm�xgB'?'4 ; >�;�F�mK35DE4��K35798�:�8 z 39?�>�vM£C1�tERL8�m@; >KD���4635798�:�4�:'<M8 z 39?�>�;�x6:�39?�>@357��G79:�3S>KD�z >KDE8@��DE4�A�Wx;zF>jLO>@?][eACD&^@H�[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R(NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A7SCo7GFz&^M?]>3?]DFSFQOLV^M_UQO[INMT9N f�QOzF>=Z b [ � , NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT�^@T&AN fwQOzF>7?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_3[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R�GFLONCACD&_U>@A�D&?][ITFJ9QOzF>7RXNCAC>/H"N fwQOzF>XHI>@^M?]Q3?OZPD&^@LO>@?j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT¥\[IQOzFNMDFQW^@TCo-?]RXNPNMQOzF[ITFJX_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQ%[e?%ACLV^�¥\T-NMT���[IJMDFLO>j�Cp . p�x;zF>jRX[e? s Q;[e?%^@S&NMDFQK�X_UR9pF�&^@Lf�LONMR!QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ;QOzF> s Q;[e?�nP>/LOoBJMNPNCA�YFSFDFQ;QOzF>WRX[e? s Q�[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@? f�NML;G&NM[ITCQV?"TF>@^@L;QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ�¥\zF>/LO>¥;>7NMS&?]>/LOnP>7Q#¥;N�NML3QOzFLO>/>7LO>@?][eACD&^@H f�LO[ITFJM>@?Up"x;zF[e?BAC[e?]G&^@LO[IQ]o�[e?BGFLONMS&^@SFHIo�ACDF>-QON�QOzF>7GFHe^@T&^@LJM>/NMRX>/QOLOoX^M?O?]DFRX>@A3[IT7NMDFL%RXNCAC>/Hap
��������� ���� � ��������� � � ����� ���� ��
x;zF>WLO>@?]DFHIQV?"N f QOzF>WJM>/TF>/QO[e_\[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT3N f QOzF>WzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@HyAF^@QV^B?]zFN�¥\T7[IT7��[IJMDFLO>K�Cp , �jJM[InP>W^?]GFLO>@^MAXN f QOzF>WRXNCAC>/H�He^@LOJM>/L;QOz&^@T7QOzF>KNMTF> f�NMLC[Cl b pFx;zF>j?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7[e?"TFNMQ\DFTF[eZPDF>PpFx;zF>K?]GFLO>@^MAN f ?]HI[IG7AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTX[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@?2¥\[IQOz7AC>/GFQOz7^@T&A7?]G&^@T&?\^ | �hR ?]HI[IG3HI>/TFJMQOz7^@Q\QOzF>WS&NMQOQONMR N f QOzF>fh^@DFHIQ/p@x;zF>;LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTjN f QOzF>CaWrg[WHI>@^M?]Q�?OZPD&^@LO>@?y[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTB{a��[IJMDFLO>\�Cp ,/, ��{ ��] �3�&[e?yG&NPNMLO>/L�QOz&^@TQOzF>"LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTWGFLON@nC[eAC>@A%SCoM[Cl b AF^@QV^K{5]@� �3�FS&>@_/^@D&?]>"N f QOzF>"HI[IRX[IQO>@A\?]G&^@QO[e^@HC?O^@RXGFHI[ITFJ\AC>/T&?][IQ]oN f QOzF>j^/nM^@[IHe^@SFHI>=aWrg[-?]QV^@QO[INMT&?Up�x;zF>j[IRXG&>/L�f�>@_UQ"RXNCAC>/HI[ITFJjN f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ\JM>/NMRX>/QOLOo7^@T&A-_ULOD&?]QV^@H?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>%^@He?]NB_UNMTCQOLO[ISFDFQO>@?�QONKQOzF>%>/LOLONML"NMT3QOzF>%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTjLO>@?]DFHIQV?UpPx;zF>%TCDFR3S&>/L�N f AF^@QV^WG&NM[ITCQV?[e?KQONPN9?]R7^@HIH;_UNMRXG&^@LO>@AU¥\[IQOz�QOzF>XTCDFR3S&>/LWN fw?]HI[IG�G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?UpylW?j^7LO>@?]DFHIQ/YyQOzF>XGFLONMSFHI>/R�[e?DFT&AC>/LVAC>/QO>/LORX[ITF>@A�Y@^@T&A3QOzF>%LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT3N f QOzF>%RXNCAC>/HF[e?�G&NPNML/pFx;zF[e?"LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTXAC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@?2¥\zF>/TQOzF>\TCDFR3S&>/L�N f ?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?"^@T&A3_UNMT&?]>@ZPDF>/TCQOHIoKQOzF>\TCDFR3S&>/L�N f DFT%�CTFN�¥\T&?�[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@?UpMx;zF>/LO> f�NMLO>\[IQ[e? f�DFQO[IHI>;QONWD&?]>%?]R7^@HIHI>/Ly?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?�QONW[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>"QOzF>%^M_/_UDFLV^M_UoKN fuQOzF>\>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@AW?]HI[IG3AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTypx;zF[e?\GFLONMSFHI>/R N f HI[IRX[IQO>@ABLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT9_/^@T7NMTFHIo7S&>B?]NMHInP>@AXSCo7^MAFAC[ITFJXNMQOzF>/L\JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_jAF^@QV^Cp�xyN^/nPNM[eA QOzF>-[IT � DF>/T&_U>-N f�^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�F?3HI[��P>P ;[IJ� ;>@^@LXNML%Z�DFLO>��M^�r�>@^���Y�QOzF>/[IL3> vu>@_UQX_UNMDFHeA�S&>>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@A3^@T&A7LO>/RXN@nP>@A�f�LONMR QOzF>KNMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT9^M?\[IQG¥\^M?%ACNMTF>KSCo ¦�^@HeAX>/Q%�%>@^@QONMT�{ ,�./. �C�Vpx;zF>BNMS&?]>/LOnP>@A9AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?\^@T&A-QOzF>BNMTF>@?WGFLO>@AC[e_UQO>@A7SCo7QOzF>BRXNCAC>/H�LO>@?]DFHIQO[ITFJ f�LONMR�QOzF>
� � � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
0
2
4
6
0
2
4
6
0
2
4
6Top of the faults
South North
0
2
4
6
Slip
, m
0
2
4
6
Slip
, m
Middle of the faults
0
2
4
6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Distance from epicenter, km
0
2
4
6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Distance from epicenter, km
Bottom of the faults
egf9hC.��Cp , � / £G>E;�F�H^39;0z|DE8�A 8�:�>=��>K:�>@357��_46H ��8�DK7�39?'A 79: � >KDE;�798�: z|8�D�39?�> ¢ ��1�?'8�DK7Il�8�:�3546Hg<�46354B'8�79:�39;=>EP �KHIF6;�7�� >@HIx�W2£G>5B(D@>E; >K:�3546357�� >L; >@3O8 z0;KHI7 Bn<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:_8�:�39?�> z|4�F�H^3SW ?�> � � mK>E;K3OA=8 <�>@H ;4�D@>CB�HI863�3S>E<�¤G4�:'<�, ��� A=8 <�>@H ; ��>KD@>=3S>E;K3S>E<�z|DE8�A 4_A=8 <�>@H�;SB'4��K> �-7�39?n4�m@8�F�3*, ��� � ;�7^��:'7 � �@4�:�3�HIx<�7 ��>KD@>K:�3CA=8 <�>@H ;�F6;�79:6�_4=B'8KB(F�HI4635798�:�;�7Il >=8 z ����� 4�:'< � ��� ��>K:�>KDE4635798�:�; W ¢ >E86HI8@��7��@46H-8�m@; >KD���46t35798�:�;G8 z 39?�>�;�F�D�z|4��K>�;KHI7 B�4�D@>�B�HI863�3S>E<=79:M?�>E4���xGHI79:�>��-7�39?M;KHI7 B';O;�86HIF�35798�: z|8�D�39?�>g;�F�m z|4�F�H^39;CHI8��@463S>E<463-39?�>LF�B�B�>KD�B'4�D@3-8 z�39?�> z|4�F�H^3SW(�C3�39?�>Lm@863�358�A 8 z039?�> z|4�F�H^3j¤�39?�>C;KHI7 B_7I;L:'863 �@8�:�;K35DE4�79:�>E<�<�F'>G3584�HI4����%8 z�79:Vz|8�DKA=4635798�:_79:%39?�>M<�46354�W
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � � �
Slip amplitude, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
1 1
2
2
2
4
Slip amplitude, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Slip amplitude, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
m
Resolution, %
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Resolution, %
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Resolution, %
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
0
25
50
75
100
%
Standard deviation, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
0.75
Standard deviation, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Standard deviation, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
m
0
2
4
6
Cou
nt (
58 p
oint
s)
-40 -20 0 20 40Misfit with GPS data, cm
= 3.9 cmσ
egf9hC.M�Cp ,/, / Q�358KB U j�DE8 ;@;-; >��K35798�:�8 z 39?�>�;K35DK7���>@t�;KHI7 B%<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�<�>@3S>KDKA=79:�>E< z|DE8�A�H�>E4 ;K3(;�p�F�4�D@>E;79: � >KDE;�798�:_8 z�39?�> ¢ ��1�?'8�DK7Il�8�:�3546H�<�46354%>EP �KHIF6;�7�� >@HIx �-7�39?'8�F�3O4�:'x=;�A=8 8639?'79:6� �@8�:�;K35DE4�79:�3g79:�39?�>79: � >KDE;�798�:�W�Q5A=79<�<�H�> U ?�> �@8�:�358�F�D_79:�3S>KD���46HM7I;nR�A:¤=39?�>�;�@46H�>_m@4�D�358�39?�>$DK7^� ?�3M;@?'8���;_39?�>;KHI7 B�;@?'4�<�79:6��79:�A�>@3S>KDE; WG£G>E;�86HIF�35798�:�8�:q39?�>_A=8 <�>@H-B'4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDE; � 39?�>�;�@46H�>_m@4�D�358n39?�>_DK7^� ?�3;@?'8���;L39?�>LD@>E;�86HIF�35798�:�;@?'4�<�79:6��79:=B�>KD��K>K:�3SWgQ5m@863�358�A U�vODKDE8�DG>E;K3579A=4635798�:_8�:%39?�>C;KHI7 B$4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�> �39?�>=;�@46H�>�m@4�D=358�39?�>�DK7^� ?�3O;@?'8���;�39?�>M;K354�:'<�4�DE<_<�>���794635798�:�8�:$39?�>=;KHI7 Bq4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>=;@?'4�<�79:6�_79:A�>@3S>KDE; W �L7I;K358@��DE4�A ;@?'8��-79:6� �@8�F�:�3=4 ;�4 z|F�: �K35798�:�8 zi39?�>�D@>E;�79<�F�46Hg<�7 ��>KD@>K: �K>�mK>@3 ��>@>K: ¢ ��1A�>E4 ;�F�D@>KA�>K:�39;M4�:'<�;�79A=F�HI463S>E< ��46HIF'>E; W
� � � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
*�+-,�.\�Cp , / �K: � >KDE;�798�:�;�£G>@HI794�m�7�HI7�35x��6�O4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDP£G>E;�86HIF�35798�: 4�:'<�vODKDE8�D�v�;K3579A=4635798�: s�7�39?£G>���4�DE<=358=1(A=8 8639?'79:6��¤ �M46354=1�>@3j¤C4�:'< w 8��@4635798�:�8�:%39?�> ��4�F�H^3SW
�W^@QV^ r�^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV? Z�LOLONMLGZ"?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMTyYCR b >@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT-^@T&A_[PRXNPNMQOzF[ITFJFY �cW?]>@A \aTCnP>/LOQO>@A [PDFL�fh^M_U> d-[eAFACHI> ;NMQOQONMR H �W���CR H � | �CR H � , ���CR[Cl b ?]HI[IG , �Cp | � ]@� �@� �C�aWrg[ ?]HI[IG � �Cp | | ��] �M� �@�
[Cl b�� aWrg[ ?]HI[IG , �Cp | � ]M� � | � .HI>@^M?]Qj?OZPD&^@LO>@?W[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT9N f QOzF>BzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@HOaWrg[�AF^@QV^-^@LO>X?]zFN�¥\T�SCo9^@LOLON�¥%?K[IT���[IJMDFLO>X�Cp , �Cpx;zF> s Q\[e?;G&NPNML f�NML\QOzF>B?][IQO>KHINC_/^@QO>@AXTF>@^@L%QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%[IT7QOzF>KTFNMLOQOzF>/LOT-G&^@LOQ%N f QOzF>K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Ppx;zF[e?;[e?;HI[��P>/HIo3ACDF>KQONX^@T-[IT&^M_/_UDFLV^@QO>WHINC_/^@QO[INMT-N f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ\RXNCAC>/Huf�NML\QOzF>KTF>@^@LO>@?]QW?]QV^@QO[INMTyp
��������� ����� � ��� ��� �� ��� � ��� ���� � � � �������� � ���� � ���������
aWrg[ ^@T&Aq[Cl b AF^@QV^�ACN9TFNMQX_UN@nP>/LKQOzF>-?O^@RX>XQO[IRX>3ACDFLV^@QO[INMTyY�SFDFQBQOzF>-_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_j[e?jQOzF>GFLO>@ACNMRX[IT&^@TCQK?][IJMT&^@H"NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A f�NMLjS&NMQOz AF^@QV^-?]>/QV?B{a�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> �$>@3L46H�W Y ,�./. �M�VYT¥;>X_/^@T�QO>@?]Qj^��NM[ITCQ/pFx;zF>KRXNCAC>/HI[ITFJjLO>/R7^@[IT&?"DFT&_Vz&^@TFJM>@A f�NML\QOzF>j_UNMR3SF[ITF>@A3AF^@QV^3?]>/Q%?]N3QOz&^@Q\QOzF>KTCDFR3S&>/L;N fDFT%�CTFN�¥\T7LO>/R7^@[IT&? s EC>@AZ¥\zF[IHI>WQOzF>WTCDFR3S&>/L"N f AF^@QV^j[e?;[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@A�pCx;zF>KR7^@[ITXAC[�� _UDFHIQ]oB[ITXQOzF[e?>/ECQO>/T&?][INMT�N fwQOzF>XGFLO[INMLB[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?W[e?BAC>/QO>/LORX[ITF[ITFJXQOzF>XLO>/He^@QO[InP>Z¥;>/[IJMzCQV?UY�?]N9QOz&^@QB>@^M_Vz AF^@QV^?]>/Q3[e?3^@GFGFLONMGFLO[e^@QO>/HIo LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@A�p�l(LO>/He^@QO[InP> ¥;>/[IJMzCQO[ITFJ fh^M_UQONML/Y�KY"[e?B[ITCQOLONCACD&_U>@A QOzFLONMDFJMzQOzF>7^-GFLO[INMLO[\_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>XR7^@QOLO[IE9N fwQOzF>7AF^@QV^Cp"x;zF> s T&^@H\nM^@HIDF>@?:¥;>7^MACNMGFQO>@A�^@LO>��� , f�NML[Cl b AF^@QV^9^@T&A��(� � f�NML�aWrg[�AF^@QV^Cp�Z�nP>/T�¥\[IQOz�QOzF[e?:¥;>/[IJMzCQO[ITFJFYyQOzF>XHe^@LOJM>/LBTCDFR3S&>/LK^@T&A?]R7^@HIHI>/L;[ITCQOLO[IT&?][e_W>/LOLONML%N f�QOzF>�[Cl b JM[InP>jQOzF>/R RXNMLO>K[IT � DF>/T&_U>j[IT-QOzF>j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTypFx;zF>3?]QOLO[��P> �?]HI[IG9AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�AC>/QO>/LORX[ITF>@A�f�LONMR [Cl b ^@T&A$aWrg[9AF^@QV^7_UNMR3SF[ITF>@AX[e?\JM[InP>/T-[IT���[IJMDFLO>3�Cp , �CplW?;>/ECG&>@_UQO>@A�YCLO>@?]DFHIQV?"N f QOzF>j_UNMR3SF[ITF>@AB[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT3RXNCAC>/Hy^@LO>j?][IRX[IHe^@L"QON3QOzFNP?]>KNMSFQV^@[ITF>@AXD&?][ITFJ[Cl b AF^@QV^�^@HINMTF> � QOzF>7R7^@[IT ^M?]G&>/LO[IQO[I>@?B^@LO>7NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A�[IT�QOzF>-?O^@RX> � NMTF>@?Up�d-NP?]Q3N fwQOzF>-?]HI[IGNC_/_UDFLV?K^@Qj?]z&^@HIHIN�¥�AC>/GFQOz�^@LONMDFT&A��P� �CR�TFNMLOQOz�N f�QOzF>B>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/L,¥\[IQOz�^XR7^@EC[IRBDFR!nM^@HIDF>3N f^@LONMDFT&A9�KR(^@HINMTFJBQOzF>j�%NMRX>@?]QO>@^MAZ¡;^@HIHI>/o�fh^@DFHIQ/pFl%TFNMQOzF>/L%^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]o3[e?;NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A ,/| �CR!TFNMLOQOzN f QOzF>KzCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L\^@QG][�CR AC>/GFQOzypx;zF>WQONMQV^@H�LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT-{ax�^@SFHI>W�Cp , ��[e?"?]HI[IJMzCQOHIoBS&>/QOQO>/L f�NML;QOzF> ��NM[ITCQ"[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT7{5]M� �¨¥\[IQOzFNMDFQ
^@TCo3?]RXNPNMQOzF[ITFJB_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQ/YC� | � ¥\[IQOz7^ | � �CR _UNMLOLO>/He^@QO[INMT3HI>/TFJMQOz���QOz&^@T�f�NML;QOzF>L[Cl b RXNCAC>/He?^@HINMTF>7{5]@� �(^@T&A��@� �XY&LO>@?]G&>@_UQO[InP>/HIo&�Vp%¡W[e?]D&^@HIHIoPYF[IQW[e?%>@^M?]o-QON-^@GFGFLO>@_U[e^@QO>[¥\zF[e_Vzgf�>@^@QODFLO>@?%[ITQOzF>3_UNMR3SF[ITF>@A7AC[e?]HINC_/^@QO[INMT�RXNCAC>/H�_/^@T9S&>3^@QOQOLO[ISFDFQO>@A9QONX[IT&AC[InC[eACD&^@H�AF^@QV^7?]>/QV?Upy�FNMLW>/EF^@RXGFHI>PY[IT�QOzF>7?]NMDFQOzF>/LOT�G&^@LOQjN f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ=aWrg[�z&^/nP>BRXNMLO>3[IT � DF>/T&_U>3ACDF>XQON-QOzF>7?]R7^@HIH�TCDFR3S&>/LWN f[Cl b AF^@QV^BG&NM[ITCQV?\D&?]>@A7[IT-QOzF[e?%^@LO>@^ � QOzF>j?]HI[IG9?]NMDFQOz-N f QOzF>j>/GF[e_U>/TCQOLV^@H � NMTF>j[e?%?]R7^@HIHI>/L;[IT7QOzF>_UNMR3SF[ITF>@AW[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTKQOz&^@TZ¥\[IQOz�[Cl b AF^@QV^K^@HINMTF>Pp�¦�>%^@He?]NWTFNMQO>\QOz&^@Q"[ITjQOzF> ��NM[ITCQ�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTjQOzF>?]HI[IGXAC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@?�QON � >/LONj^@Q\AC>/GFQOz&?�JMLO>@^@QO>/L"QOz&^@T , �:�CR ¥\zF[IHI>\QOzF[e?2¥\^M?"TFNMQ"NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A[¥\[IQOz%[Cl b
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � � � �
−80 −60 −40 −20 0 20 40 60 80−40
−20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Distance from epicenter, km
Dis
tanc
e fr
om e
pice
nter
, km
Observed
Synthetics
50 cm GPS stations
Fault trace
Epicenter
6050
6052
6054
6056
6058
6060
70007001
7002
7007
AMBO
BEAR
CHER
DUMP
GODW
HECT
HIGH
LAZY
LUCSMAUM
MEEK
MILL
MILU
ONYX
POIN
SAND
SOAP
STIM
WIDE
egf9hC.;�Cp , � / w 8��@4635798�:qA=4KB�8 z ¢ ��1�;K354635798�:�;_F6; >E< z|8�D�39?�>�79: � >KDE;�798�:�;�Q ��79D��KH�> UXW ?�>�z|4�F�H^3��>E8�A�>@35DKxnF6; >E<�79:q39?�>�79: � >KDE;�798�:�;$7I;%;@?'8��-:�m�x$39?�>�39?'79:qHI79:�>E; W ?�>�8�m@; >KD�� >E< Q�39?'7����nHI79:�>E; U4�:'<LB(D@>E<�7��K3S>E< z|DE8�A~39?�>GH�>E4 ;K3-;�p�F�4�D@>E;M79: � >KDE;�798�:_8 z039?�>C?'8�DK7Il�8�:�3546H ¢ ��1$<�46354_Q�39?'79:%HI79:�>E; U 4�D@>;@?'8��-:_m�x�4�DKDE8���;/¤ �-7�39?%39?�>M4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>G;�@46HI79:6��4 ;G;@?'8��-:_79:�39?�>M79:�; >KD@3SW
� � � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
Slip amplitude, m
-15
-10
-5D
epth
, km
1
2
2
3
Slip amplitude, m
-15
-10
-5D
epth
, km
Slip amplitude, m
-15
-10
-5D
epth
, km
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
m
Resolution, %
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
75
Resolution, %
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Resolution, %
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
0
25
50
75
100
%
Standard deviation, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
0.5
0.75
Standard deviation, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Standard deviation, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 700.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
m
Surface right-lateral strike slip
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
am
plitu
de, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Surface right-lateral strike slip
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
am
plitu
de, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
0
10
20
30
40
50
Cou
nt (
406
poin
ts)
-20 0 20Misfit with SAR data, cm
= 3.3 cmσ
0
2
4
6
Cou
nt (
58 p
oint
s)
-40 -20 0 20 40Misfit with GPS data, cm
= 7.7 cmσ
egf9hC.y�Cp , � / j�DE8 ;@;G; >��K35798�:n8 z�39?�>L;K35DK7���>@t�;KHI7 Bq<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:$<�>@3S>KDKA=79:�>E<�z|DE8�A ¢ ��1�4�:'<�1'�,£�@8�A=m�79:�>E<�H�>E4 ;K3g;�p�F�4�D@>E;=79: � >KDE;�798�:�W ?�> � DE;K3OA=4KB_;@?'8���;M39?�>L;KHI7 Bn<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:$8�mK354�79:�>E< �-7�39?4 �6t �6A �@8�DKD@>@HI4635798�:�H�>K:6�639?�W ?�>L:�>EP 3g3 �-8�79A=4���>E;MD@>5B(D@>E; >K:�3-39?�>C;SB'46357946H(D@>E;�86HIF�35798�:�79:=B�>KD��K>K:�34�:'<�39?�>�>KDKDE8�DL>E;K3579A=4635798�:$8�:�39?�>OB'4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDE;/¤gD@>E;SB�>��K357�� >@HIx�W ?�>G;KHI7 Bn4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>=7I; �@8�ACB'4�D@>E<�-7�39?_;�F�D�z|4��K>=A�>E4 ;�F�D@>KA�>K:�39;�A=4�<�>�8�:$39?�> � >@HI<_m�x���>E86HI8@��7I;K39;�79:$39?�>=HI4 ;K3g��DE4KB'?�W �L7I;K358@��DE4�AL;;@?'8��-79:6� �@8�F�:�3L4 ;�4�z|F�: �K35798�:�8 z 39?�>�D@>E;�79<�F�46H�<�7 ��>KD@>K: �K>�mK>@3 ��>@>K:�8�m@; >KD�� >E<qQ91'�,£ 4�:'< ¢ ��1<�46354VU 4�:'<�;�79A=F�HI463S>E< ��46HIF'>E; W
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � � � �
*�+-,�.F�Cpb� /��M79:�>KA=46357�� �K: � >KDE;�798�:�W �M46354 �g7�3 ��;�79:6� �M7 ��>KD@>K:�3�1�354�D@3579:6� �'46HIF'>E; z|8�DG39?�> >KAMtB'8�DE46H%�O4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDE; W
[PQV^@LOQO[ITFJZ¡">/HINC_U[IQ]oBN f QOzF> \aTF[IQO[e^@H b [e?]>jx;[IRX>%NMT ¡;^@LO[e^@T&_U> b >@ACD&_UQO[INMTb DFGFQODFLO>B�FLONMTCQ/Y�CRU§@? NMT_Z"^M_Vz_[PDFS fh^@DFHIQ/Y&? �
�Cp | � �@�Cpb��Cpb� � � , p ,�Cp | � � . p^]�Cpb� � � . p |�Cpb� � �@�Cpb��Cpb� | � . pb�
AF^@QV^-^@HINMTF>Pp-aWrg[�AF^@QV^7[IRXGFLON@nP>jQOzF>3LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�^@T&A�zF>/HIG�QON9_UHe^@LO[tf�o-QOzF>X?]HI[IG�zF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQ]oPpx;zF>B?]HI[IG-^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>j^@Q%QOzF>jQONMG-N f�QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%[e?\[IT9^@JMLO>/>/RX>/TCQ�¥\[IQOz-JM>/NMHINMJM[e_/^@H�RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQO?R7^MAC>W[IT7QOzF> s >/HeA9{a��[IJMDFLO>K�Cp , �P�Vp
��������� � ������� � �� ������ ���� �� ���� � ����������� �� �� � ��� � � ��� � � � ������� ��%N�¥ ¥;>Bz&^/nP>3^3JMNPNCA�[eAC>@^3N f QOzF>3?]HI[IG9AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�^@T&A9[IQV?%LO>/HI[e^@SF[IHI[IQ]o f�LONMR ��NM[ITCQW[ITCnP>/L��
?][INMT9N f0[Cl b ^@T&AnaWrg[-AF^@QV^XD&?][ITFJ7?]>/RX[IJMHINMS&^@H�^@T&A-HI>@^M?]QK?OZPD&^@LO>@?WQO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>@?Up&�%>/ECQ/Y%¥;>BD&?]>QOzF>@?]>%LO>@?]DFHIQV?"QONB_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITXQO>/RXG&NMLV^@HFnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?"[ITXLODFGFQODFLO>%>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@A f�LONMR�TF>@^@L�� s >/HeAX^M_/_U>/HI> �LONMJMLV^@R7?Up��%DFLW^@GFGFLONP^M_Vz9HI[I>@?;[ITgs QOQO[ITFJ3QOzF>B?]QOLONMTFJXJMLONMDFT&A-RXNMQO[INMT-AF^@QV^3SCo7AC>/QO>/LORX[ITF[ITFJjQOzF>S&>@?]Q"QO[IRX[ITFJK^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@AZ¥\[IQOz3QOzF>W?]HI[IG3AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTX_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@ABSCo�[Cl b ^@T&A%aWrg[w��NM[ITCQ"AF^@QV^Cp¦�>KD&?]>jQOzF>j^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_\AF^@QV^X^@T&A7QOzF> f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo�� ACNMR7^@[ITX[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXGFLONC_U>@ACDFLO>jAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@ASCo�k"NMQOQONMT�>/QXk;^@RXGF[IHIHIN�{ ,�./.M| �Vpg\aT QOzF[e?j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyYT¥;>7>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>3QOzFLO>/>-?]NMDFLV_U>7G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?��QOzF>3?]HI[IG�^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>PYFQOzF>BLO[e?]>3QO[IRX>3{aACDFLV^@QO[INMT�N f QOzF>3_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_K?]HI[IG�NMT�^7?]DFS fh^@DFHIQU�VY�^@T&A9QOzF>LODFGFQODFLO>%QO[IRX>W{ QO[IRX>;N f [ITF[IQO[e^@QO[INMTBN f QOzF>%LODFGFQODFLO> f�NML">@^M_VzX?]DFS fh^@DFHIQU�VpCx;zF>ws T&^@H�?]HI[IGX^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>f�NMDFT&A-D&?][ITFJ7JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_jAF^@QV^X[e? s EC>@A7QOzFLONMDFJMz�QOzF>B_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>BR7^@QOLO[IEXN f�QOzF>BG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?Up%¦�>[IRXG&NP?]>j^3nP>/LOo7?]R7^@HIHy?]QV^@T&AF^@LVA�AC>/nC[e^@QO[INMT-NMT9?]HI[IG-G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?\^@QWQOzF>jQONMG-N f�QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ,¥\zF>/LO>QOzF>/oX^@LO>6¥;>/HIH�AC>/QO>/LORX[ITF>@AjSCo�[Cl b ^@T&A�aWrg[&pFl\Q;JMLO>@^@QO>/L\AC>/GFQOz&?UYCQOzF>K?]HI[IGX[e?;^@HIHIN�¥;>@ABQONBnM^@LOo^BHI[IQOQOHI>K^M_/_UNMLVAC[ITFJ3QONBQOzF>jDFT&_U>/LOQV^@[ITCQ]o3NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A7[IT7JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_W[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?Up'\aT9_UNMTCQOLV^M?]Q/YFQOzF>KLO[e?]>QO[IRX>W^@T&AXQOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>KQO[IRX>W^@LO>j^@HIHIN�¥;>@A3QON3nM^@LOoXJMLO>@^@QOHIoXSCoX^@GFGFHIoC[ITFJ3^BHe^@LOJM>KnM^@HIDF>KNMT7QOzF>@?]>QO>/RXG&NMLV^@H�G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?W[IT�QOzF>X^7GFLO[INMLO[;_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>3R7^@QOLO[IE�p�x;zF>/T�¥;>3>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>jQOzF>XQO>/RXG&NMLV^@HG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?�SCoB[ITCnP>/LOQO[ITFJK?]QOLONMTFJjRXNMQO[INMT3AF^@QV^KD&?][ITFJjQOzF>W?]HI[IGXAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTX_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@ABSCoBQOzF>LO>@?]DFHIQV?WN f QOzF>XJM>/NCAC>/QO[e_B[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�^@T&A�^@T ^7GFLO[INMLO["zFNMRXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&?KLO[e?]>3QO[IRX>3^@T&A�^-_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQLODFGFQODFLO>KnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oPpCx;zF> s Q%[e?\?]HI[IJMzCQOHIo3[IRXGFLON@nP>@A3_UNMRXG&^@LO>@AXQON3QOzF>K[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXN f�?]QOLONMTFJXJMLONMDFT&ARXNMQO[INMT7^@HINMTF>X{ax�^@SFHI>j�Cpb� � k"NMQOQONMT->/QWk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY ,�./.M| �Vpx;zF[e?%?]QOLONMTFJ3RXNMQO[INMTX[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTX[IT7QOzF> f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoXACNMR7^@[IT7[e?;TFNMTFHI[ITF>@^@L � ^M?%^3_UNMT&?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PY
�� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������QOzF>�s T&^@H;?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�AC>/G&>/T&AF?KNMT�QOzF>3G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LWnM^@HIDF>@?WN f QOzF>X?]QV^@LOQO[ITFJ-RXNCAC>/Hap�x;zF>/LO> f�NMLO>PY�QON>/ECGFHINMLO>-^9He^@LOJM>9ACNMR7^@[IT [IT�QOzF>-?]NMHIDFQO[INMTyYM¥;>9_UNMRXG&^@LO>XQOzF>-LO>@?]DFHIQV?[¥\[IQOz�AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ3?]QV^@LOQO[ITFJRXNCAC>/He?Up�\aTCnP>/LV?][INMT&?�ACNMTF>:¥\[IQOz3nM^@LO[INMD&?;QO>/RXG&NMLV^@H&[ITF[IQO[e^@H&nM^@HIDF>@?"HI>@^MABQON3?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQOHIo3AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?\{a��[IJMDFLO>%�Cp , �C�VYx¥\zF[IHI>\RX[e? s Q�^@LO>W?][IRX[IHe^@L;{'¡;^@LO[e^@T&_U> b >@ACD&_UQO[INMTB[IT3x�^@SFHI>W�Cpb�P�Vp�Z�nP>/TB[tfQOzF>;TCDFR3S&>/LyN f DFT%�CTFN�¥\T&?�[e?yLO>@ACD&_U>@AKQON%QOzF>;RX[ITF[IRBDFRmD&?][ITFJ6¥\[eAC>\?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?�^@T&Aj_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF[ITFJQOzF>W?]HI[IGX^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>%AC>@ACD&_U>@A�f�LONMR�LV^MAF^@L;[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOoj^@T&A%aWrg[BRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQO?y[IT3QOzF>ws LV?]Q?]QO>/GyY�?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQBAC[e?O_ULO>/G&^@T&_U[I>@?WS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T s T&^@H;RXNCAC>/He?K^@LO>XNMS&?]>/LOnP>@A�¥\zF[e_Vz�RX>@^@T&?KQOz&^@QjQOzF>?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7[e?"TFNMQ;DFTF[eZPDF>PpCx;zF>KLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTXN f QOzF>W[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?�NMT7S&NMQOz-AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>B{ | �CR-��^@T&AXQO[IRX>{ , ?V�"[e?\^@He?]N3QON3QV^��P>W[ITCQON3^M_/_UNMDFTCQ\QONX^M?O?]>@?O?\QOzF>KLO>/HI[e^@SF[IHI[IQ]oBN f QOzF>KLO>@?]DFHIQ/pl%HIQOzFNMDFJMz�QOzF>3LO>@?]DFHIQV?W^@LO>X?O_/^@QOQO>/LO>@A�Y�QOzF>3LODFGFQODFLO>�f�LONMTCQKnP>/HINC_U[IQ]o7[e?W_UHI>@^@LOHIo-nM^@LO[e^@SFHI>7{a��[t�
JMDFLO>B�Cp , �C�Vp�x;zF[e?\QO>/RXG&NMLV^@HyzF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQ]oZ¥\^M?\TFNMQWNMS&?]>/LOnP>@AX[IT7GFLO>/nC[INMD&?\[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?;S&>@_/^@D&?]>N f�QOzF>jQOLV^MAC> �hN v S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T-QOzF>B?]HI[IG9^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>j^@T&A-QO>/RXG&NMLV^@H�G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?\^M?6¥;>/HIH�^M?%QOzF>jQONPN �?]R7^@HIHynM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT�N f�QOzF>jLODFGFQODFLO>�f�LONMTCQWnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oXJM>/TF>/LV^@HIHIo-^@HIHIN�¥;>@A�p�x;zF>BS&>@?]Qws QV?%QONXQOzF>3AF^@QV^^@LO>KNMSFQV^@[ITF>@AP¥\[IQOz7^@T-[ITF[IQO[e^@Hy_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ\LODFGFQODFLO>KnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oBS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T7�Cp��B^@T&A-�@�CRU§@?Up¡;^@HIDF>@?"[ITQOzF[e?;LV^@TFJM>:¥;>/LO>6¥;>/LO>K?]DFJMJM>@?]QO>@A7SCo-k"NMzF>/>K>/QG ;>/LON � ^X{ ,�./. �P^P�Vp�x;zF>KLO>@?]DFHIQ;NMSFQV^@[ITF>@AP¥\[IQOz7^@T[ITF[IQO[e^@H;�P�CRU§@?WLODFGFQODFLO>�f�LONMTCQjnP>/HINC_U[IQ]o-[e?K?]zFN�¥\T NMT ��[IJMDFLO>X�Cp ,/| p�\aT�QOzF[e?K>/EF^@RXGFHI>PY&QOzF>3LO[e?]>QO[IRX>K^@T&A7QOzF>jLODFGFQODFLO>jQO[IRX>W^@LO> f�LO>/>KQONXnM^@LOo7N@nP>/L%^[¥\[eAC>KLV^@TFJM>3^@LONMDFT&A-[ITF[IQO[e^@H�nM^@HIDF>@?\N f��X?^@T&AX^B�:�CRU§@?�LO>@?]G&>@_UQO[InP>/HIoPpMx;zF>W^/nP>/LV^@JM>ws T&^@H�LO[e?]>%QO[IRX>\[e?�N f QOzF>WNMLVAC>/L;N f �KQONj�3?UpCx;zF>WQO[IRX>GFLONMJMLO>@?O?][INMT3N f QOzF>\LODFGFQODFLO>\[e?�nP>/LOojzF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/NMD&?�NMT3QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ"^@HINMTFJjS&NMQOz3QOzF>%?]QOLO[��P>\^@T&A3AC[IGAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTypPx;zF>WLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTXN f QOzF>W[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT3AC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@?M¥\[IQOz7AC>/GFQOzypCx;zF>WQO>/RXG&NMLV^@H&G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?^@LO>j^@He?]N3S&>/QOQO>/L\LO>@?]NMHInP>@A3[IT7He^@LOJM>B?]HI[IG � NMTF>@?Upx;zF[e?3[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT ?]zFN�¥%?X^�?]QOLONMTFJ�nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMTmN f QOzF>-LODFGFQODFLO>-nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o ACDFLO[ITFJ�QOzF>-LODFGFQODFLO>
GFLONC_U>@?O?Up�l\QjQOzF>3QONMG N f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/YT¥\zF>/LO>XG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?K^@LO>XS&>/QOQO>/LB_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@A�Y fh^M?]QBLODFGFQODFLO>nP>/HINC_U[IQO[I>@?;{ TF>@^@LOHIoBzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@H�QO[IRX> � AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>%_UNMTCQONMDFL;[ITX��[IJMDFLO>K�Cp , �P�"_UNM[IT&_U[eAC>,¥\[IQOz7^ � NMTF>WN fzF[IJMz7?]HI[IGypPx;zF>WLODFGFQODFLO>wf�LONMTCQ;^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO>@?2¥\zF>/TX[IQ">/T&_UNMDFTCQO>/LV?"^KzF[IJMz � ?]HI[IG � NMTF>K^@T&AXAC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@?¥\zF>/T�[IQj>/T&_UNMDFTCQO>/LV?KLO>@?][e?]QV^@T&_U>Pp�x;zF>XLODFGFQODFLO>7_/^@T >/[IQOzF>/LKJMN�^@LONMDFT&A ^-LO>@?][e?]QV^@TCQB^@LO>@^�{ >Pp JFpIYQOzF>-?]z&^@HIHIN�¥�LO>@?][e?]QV^@TCQ3^@LO>@^-HINC_/^@QO>@A , ���CR�TFNMLOQOz N fwQOzF>7>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/LKS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T , p | ^@T&A ���7[IT��[IJMDFLO>X�Cp ,/| �WNMLKLO>@?]QV^@LOQB^�f�QO>/Lj^7S&^@LOLO[I>/L3{a^XTF>�¥�GFDFHe?]>3N f LODFGFQODFLO>X^@GFG&>@^@LV?jNMT�QOzF>X?]T&^@G&?]zFNMQ�����Pp | ?\NMT9��[IJMDFLO>K�Cp ,/| �Vp��[IJMDFLO>-�Cp , �7GFLO>@?]>/TCQV?jQOzF>7nM^@HIDF>@?jN fwQOzF>7G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV? f�NMDFT&A f�NMLB>@^M_Vz�?]DFS fh^@DFHIQBD&?][ITFJ�^@T[ITF[IQO[e^@HCLODFGFQODFLO>\nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oKN f �Cpb�6�CRU§@?�^@T&A3^WLO[e?]>\QO[IRX>">@ZPD&^@HFQONj�K?UpPx;zF>\LODFGFQODFLO> f�LONMTCQ"[ITF[IQO[e^@QO>@?
[ITBQOzF>%?]NMDFQOzF>/LOTBG&^@LOQ"N fuQOzF> } NMzFT&?]NMTZ¡;^@HIHI>/o fh^@DFHIQ/YM^@T&AB[IQV?�nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oW[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@?y[ITBQOzF>\RX[eAFACHI>"N fQOzF>ws LV?]Q%?]>/JMRX>/TCQ/Yx¥\zF>/LO>WQOzF>ws LV?]Q\zF[IJMz � ?]HI[IG � NMTF>W[e?;NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A�pCx;zF>KLODFGFQODFLO> f�LONMTCQ\?]HIN�¥%?\^M?;[IQLO>@^M_VzF>@?�QOzF>%TFNMLOQOzF>/LOT3HI[IRX[IQyN f QOzF> } NMzFT&?]NMTP¡;^@HIHI>/o fh^@DFHIQM¥\zF>/LO>W?]HI[IGBQOLV^@T&? f�>/LV?�QONjQOzF>%?]NMDFQOzF>/LOT�%NMRX>@?]QO>@^MA6¡;^@HIHI>/o fh^@DFHIQ/pMx;zF[e?�AC>@_ULO>@^M?]>;N fuS&NMQOz3?]HI[IGB^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>;^@T&ABLODFGFQODFLO>�f�LONMTCQ�nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oW^@QQOzF> ��DFT&_UQO[INMTXN f QOzF>KQ#¥;N�fh^@DFHIQV?�¥\^M?\^@He?]NBNMS&?]>/LOnP>@AXSCoZ¦�^@HeAX>/Q\�%>@^@QONMT�{ ,�./. �C�KpFx;zF>KLODFGFQODFLO>f�LONMTCQWQOzF>/T9^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO>@?\^@JP^@[ITyY�¥\[IQOzF[IT-QOzF>3?]z&^@HIHIN�¥He^@LOJM>3?]HI[IG � NMTF>jHINC_/^@QO>@A9^@QK^@LONMDFT&A-�P�Z�CR
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � ���
Rupture development at the top of the faults
0
10
20
30
Rup
ture
tim
e, s
2 km.s -1
3 km.s -1
5 km.s -1
6 Starting models:
Rupture Velocity (km.s -1)
2.5 3.0 3.5 3.0 3.0 3.0
Rise Time (s)
3.03.03.02.04.05.0
Inversions results:
Begining of the slip
0
5
Ris
e tim
e, s
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
am
plitu
de, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
am
plitu
de, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
am
plitu
de, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
0
2
4
6
8
Slip
am
plitu
de, m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter, km
Slip model deduced from geodesy Observed slip
egf9hC.M�Cp , � / �g79:'46H ��46HIF'>E;C8 z 39?�>LQ�358KB U0DKF�B�35F�D@>�3579A�>g4�:'<G39?�>LQ5A=79<�<�H�> U�DK7I; >-3579A�> z|8�D�;�F�B�>KD � ��7946H;�F�m z|4�F�H^39;�8�mK354�79:�>E<�z|8�DG;�7IP%79: � >KDE;�798�:�; �-7�39?$<�7 ��>KD@>K:�3C79:'7�357946H�3S>KACB'8�DE46H ��46HIF'>E; W-v�P �K>5B�3 z|8�DL39?�>A=8 <�>@H �-7�39? 4�: 79:'7�357946HG?'7^� ? DKF�B�35F�D@> � >@HI8���7�35xyQ ��W � �6A��'; Uo¤ ��>n8�m@; >KD�� >$4n��8 8 < �@8�DKD@>@HI4635798�:mK>@3 ��>@>K:�39?�>GDKF�B�35F�D@>�� >@HI8���7�35x�Q9;KHI8KB�>G79:%39?�>G358KB���DE4KB'? U 4�:'<�39?�>O;KHI7 B$4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>�Q5m@863�358�A UXW ?�>DKF�B�35F�D@> z|DE8�:�3G4����K>@H�>KDE463S>E; ��?�>K:�7�3L>K: �@8�F�:�3S>KDE;%4%;KHI7 Bq4 ;SB�>KDK7�35x�4�:'<�;KHI8���; ��?�>K:�4_D@>E;�7I;K354�: �K>8�����F�DE; W
�� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
0 - 1.5 seconds0 - 1.5 seconds0 - 1.5 seconds
1.5 - 3 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
1.5 - 3 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
1.5 - 3 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
3 - 4.5 seconds
0.5
0.5
3 - 4.5 seconds3 - 4.5 seconds
4.5 - 6 seconds
-10D
epth
, km
4.5 - 6 seconds
-10D
epth
, km
4.5 - 6 seconds
-10D
epth
, km
6 - 7.5 seconds6 - 7.5 seconds6 - 7.5 seconds
7.5 - 9 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
7.5 - 9 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
7.5 - 9 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
9 - 10.5 seconds
0.51
9 - 10.5 seconds9 - 10.5 seconds
10.5 -12 seconds
-10
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance, km
11.5
10.5 -12 seconds
-10
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance, km
10.5 -12 seconds
-10
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance, km
12 - 13.5 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
12 - 13.5 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
12 - 13.5 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
13.5 - 15 seconds13.5 - 15 seconds13.5 - 15 seconds
15 - 16.5 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
15 - 16.5 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
15 - 16.5 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
16.5 - 18 seconds16.5 - 18 seconds16.5 - 18 seconds
18 - 19.5 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
18 - 19.5 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
18 - 19.5 seconds
-10
Dep
th, k
m
t > 19.5 secondst > 19.5 secondst > 19.5 seconds
Johnson Valley F.Homestead Valley F.
Emerson & Camp-Rock F.
South NorthTotal slip
-10
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance, km
0.5 4
Total slip
-10
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance, km
Total slip
-10
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance, km
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0Slip, m
egf9hC.y�Cp ,/| / 79A�>M<�>�� >@HI8KB(A�>K:�3L8 z�39?�> w 4�:'<�>KDE;=DKF�B�35F�D@>L8�mK354�79:�>E<�m�x�39?�>=79: � >KDE;�798�:$8 z :�>E4�D� >@HI<q;K35DE8�:6�$��DE8�F�:'<�A=8635798�: 79:�39?�> z|D@>Ep�F'>K: ��xq<�8�A=4�79: �-7�39?�39?�>$4_B(DK798�DK7M79:Vz|8�DKA=4635798�: 8�:39?�>G;KHI7 Bn4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>M<�>@3S>KDKA=79:�>E< �-7�39?���>E8 <�>@357��=<�46354�W(o$8 <�>@H�8�mK354�79:�>E<%F6;�79:6�%4�:_79:'7�357946H�DKF�B�35F�D@>� >@HI8���7�35x=8 z ��W � �6A��';G4�:'<�4=DK7I; >O3579A�>G>Ep�F�46H�358 �M; W ?�>O3S>KACB'8�DE46H B'4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDE;C4�D@> z|D@>@>g358 ��4�DKx8�� >KD�4 �-79<�>�DE4�:6��>�4�DE8�F�:'<�4�:�79:'7�357946H�DK7I; >=3579A�>%>Ep�F�46H�358 �%;�4�:'<$4 �@8�:�;K354�:�3LDKF�B�35F�D@> z|DE8�:�3� >@HI8���7�35x�Q � �6A��'; UXW ?�>�DKF�B�35F�D@>GB(DE8@��D@>E;@;�798�:_7I;M��7�� >K:q463L79:�3S>KD���46H ;%8 ziR�W �%;�4 ;�HI4�mK>@H�>E<�W ?�>�@8�:�358�F�DM79:�3S>KD���46H�7I; � W ��A�W ?�>LHI4 ;K3-;�:'4KB';@?'863�;@?'8���;L39?�>L35863546H(;KHI7 Bn<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�W
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � �� �
-100
1020
3040
5060
70
24
68
Slip
, m2
46
8S
lip, m
-100
1020
3040
5060
70
0
10
20
30
Time, s
1
1
1
22
2
3
3
3
44
5
-100
1020
3040
5060
70
Distance from epicenter, km
0
10
20
30
Time, s
egf9hC.��Cp , � /2o$8 <�>@H�8�mK354�79:�>E<%F6;�79:6��4�:�79:'7�357946H-DKF�B�35F�D@>�� >@HI8���7�35x%8 z ��W � �6A��';=4�:'<%4�DK7I; >G3579A�>>Ep�F�46H-358 �%; W-39?'D@>@>@tS<�79A�>K:�35798�:'46HCQ �6t � Ui3579A�>@tL<�7I;K354�: �K>�D@>5B(D@>E; >K:�354635798�:n8 z 39?�>M;KHI7 B�4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>z|8�D=39?�>�358KB�;�F�m z|4�F�H^39; W ?�>%79:'7�357946HgDK7I; >�3579A�>%7I;�>Ep�F�46Hg358 ��;/¤L4�:'<_39?�>%79:'7�357946HODKF�B�35F�D@> z|DE8�:�3� >@HI8���7�35x�7I; �@8�:�;K354�:�3GQ � �6A��'; UXW ?�>G358KB�H�>�zV3 � t �y��DE4KB'?=;@?'8���;L39?�>�� 3gmK>@3 ��>@>K:�39?�>C;KHI7 B$8 z039?�>A=8 <�>@HgQ�39?'79:_HI79:�> U 4�:'<�39?�>=8�m@; >KD�� >E<�;�F�D�z|4��K>G;KHI7 B�Q�39?'7�����HI79:�> UXW ?�>=m@863�358�A � t �~��DE4KB'?%;@?'8���;39?�>�79:�3S>KD5B'86HI463S>E< �@8�:�358�F�D�HI79:�>E;$8 zi39?�>�;KHI7 B 4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>�4 ;�4 z|F�: �K35798�:�8 z 3579A�>%4�:'<�<�7I;K354�: �K>46HI8�:6��;K35DK7���>M<�79D@>��K35798�:�W ?�>L39?'7�����HI79:�>L;@?'8���;L39?�>MmK>���79:':'79:6�_8 z�39?�>G;KHI7 B�W
�� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
Rise time, s
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Rise time, s
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m 2.4
1.4
3.4
2.3
1.5
3.0
3.5
3.8
2.7
1.3
2.7
2.5
3.5
4.4
2.7
3.9
2.9
1.9
4.3
1.8
2.1
3.7
4.5
1.5
2.7
3.7
2.8
4.2
3.5
1.6
4.0
1.4
1.7
3.7
2.1
3.2
2.7
4.2
2.6
3.6
1.8
2.7
1.6
2.6
0.9
2.4
2.5
2.6
Slip, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
Slip, m
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m 0.0
-0.1
-0.2
0.1
1.8
4.1
3.1
1.7
0.1
0.7
2.8
-0.1
1.8
6.1
0.0
4.3
3.1
0.6
3.0
3.0
-0.1
2.8
5.4
-0.1
5.1
4.6
0.0
6.7
5.5
2.1
4.6
2.5
-0.2
5.2
3.6
-0.2
1.7
2.3
-0.2
1.3
0.5
0.0
0.7
0.0
1.3
0.0
-0.1
0.0
Rupture time, s
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter
Rupture time, s
-15
-10
-5
Dep
th, k
m
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Distance from epicenter
2.6
2.3
4.0
2.1
2.6
1.2
-0.8
-0.1
0.1
1.4
2.4
2.4
0.2
4.2
3.6
3.8
7.6
4.6
5.8
9.8
7.1
9.6
8.0
7.6
11.4
9.5
10.0
13.1
10.2
12.5
15.1
12.9
14.6
13.8
15.7
16.3
15.8
18.1
18.2
19.3
17.7
18.3
17.0
19.9
20.0
21.0
19.8
21.7
egf9hC.y�Cp , � / �'46HIF'>E;�8 z 39?�>CB'4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDE;M8�mK354�79:�>E<�z|8�DM>E4��@?�;�F�m z|4�F�H^3CF6;�79:6�_4�:_79:'7�357946H-DKF�B�35F�D@>� >@HI8���7�35x�8 z ��W � �6A��';M4�:'<%4�DK7I; >L3579A�>=>Ep�F�46H�358���; W
� � ��(��� �������q���q������ ��� ! �����M����� ������������� � ! ������� � ��
TFNMLOQOz3N fuQOzF>\>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/LyNMT3QOzF>%�%NMRX>@?]QO>@^MA:¡;^@HIHI>/owfh^@DFHIQ"^@T&A3?]NMDFQOz3N fuQOzF>CZ�RX>/LV?]NMT3^@T&A3k;^@RXGb NC_/� fh^@DFHIQV?Up�lW? fh^@LK^M?%QOzF[e?%?]z&^@HIHIN�¥�^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]o7[e?%_UNMT&_U>/LOTF>@A�Y¥;>jNMS&?]>/LOnP>j[IT9��[IJMDFLO>B�Cp ,/| QOz&^@QQOzF>3LODFGFQODFLO>7^@Q s LV?]QjGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@?B^@HINMTFJ-QOzF>3>@ACJM>XN f QOzF>X^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]oPY�?]QV^@LOQV?KQON->/T&_U[ILV_UHI>j[IQ/Y�^@T&As T&^@HIHIo7GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@?W[IT¥\^@LVA�p�x;zF[e?%GFzF>/TFNMRX>/TFNMTyYFS&>@?]QKAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@A7D&?][ITFJ7^Z¥;>/HIHt� �CTFN�¥\T-QO>/LOR N fRX[IHI[IQV^@LOoj?]QOLV^@QO>/JMoX_/^@HIHI>@AjQOzF> � �eACNMDFSFHI>%>/T&_U[ILV_UHI[ITFJWGF[IT&_U>/L"RXN@nP>/R3>/TPQ � �IYP[e?"^@He?]NBNMS&?]>/LOnP>@ABSCoZ�W^M?>/Q[�WNP?]QOLON@n�{ ,�. ]M�P�K[IT�QOzF>/[ILj?]G&NMTCQV^@TF>/NMD&?BLODFGFQODFLO>7?]QOD&ACo�N fw^-?][ITFJMHI>7_U[ILV_UDFHe^@Lj^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]oPp�x;zF>=�^@T&AC>/LV?B>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>XLODFGFQODFLO> s T&^@HIHIo�QO>/LORX[IT&^@QO>@?WNMT�Z�RX>/LV?]NMT ^@T&A�k;^@RXG b NC_/� fh^@DFHIQ3�M�9?^�f�QO>/L\[ITF[IQO[e^@QO[INMTyp
���������� ��� ��� � ���������
x;zF>W_UNMLOLO>/He^@QO[INMT3S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TBQOzF>W?]HI[IGX^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>\^@T&ABQOzF>%LODFGFQODFLO>%nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oK[e?"_UNMT&?][e?]QO>/TCQM¥\[IQOzQOzF>7JM>/TF>/LV^@H%LODFGFQODFLO>-?][IR3DFHe^@QO[INMT�N f��W^/om{ ,�. ]M�P�B[IT�QOzF>7GFLO>@?]>/T&_U>7N f TFNMTCDFTF[tf�NMLOR�GFLO>@?]QOLO>@?O?Up�W^/o f�NMDFT&A QOz&^@Q3[IT LO>/JM[INMT&?[¥\zF>/LO>7QOzF>7GFLO>@?]QOLO>@?O?B[e?B_UHINP?]>7QON�QOzF>7oC[I>/HeA�?]QOLO>@?O?UY"QOzF>7LODFGFQODFLO>nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o-[e?wfh^M?]QO>/LjQOz&^@T�QOzF>XHINC_/^@HO[�¥\^/nP>3nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oPY¥\zF[IHI>3[IT�LO>/JM[INMT&?:¥\zF>/LO>XQOzF>3GFLO>@?]QOLO>@?O?K[e?fh^@L�f�LONMR�oC[I>/HeA�?]QOLO>@?O?UY�QOzF>7LODFGFQODFLO>7nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o9[e?B?]HIN�¥;>/L/p2 ;o ^@T&^@HINMJMot¥\[IQOz��W^/o�`b?jRXNCAC>/HaY=¥;>_/^@T-[IT f�>/L%QOz&^@Q%QOzF>jGFLO>@?]QOLO>@?O?%NMT-He^@LOJM>3?]HI[IG-^@LO>@^M?,¥\^M?%TF>@^@L%[IQV?%_ULO[IQO[e_/^@HyHI>/nP>/H�S&> f�NMLO>jQOzF>jR7^@[IT>/nP>/TCQ/p([PQOLONMTFJ7nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?WN f QOzF>BLODFGFQODFLO>BnP>/HINC_U[IQ]o7^@LO>3^@He?]N7NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A-SCo��%He?]>/T >@3G46H�W { ,�./. �M�[IT�QOzF>/[ILXACoCT&^@RX[e_7?]QOD&ACo�N f QOzF>�=�^@T&AC>/LV?3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Pp;�FLONMR�QOzF[e?�f�NMLE¥\^@LVA�RXNCAC>/HI[ITFJFY�QOzF>/o_UNMT&_UHID&AC>jQOz&^@QK?]DFS&?]NMTF[e_BLODFGFQODFLO>BnP>/HINC_U[IQO[I>@?;JM>/TF>/LV^@HIHIo7NC_/_UDFL6¥\[IQOzF[IT9^@T&A9TF>@^@LWQOzF>jHIN�¥ � ?]QOLO>@?O?^@LO>@^M?BN fwQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/Y2¥\zF>/LO>@^M?BQOzF>-?]DFG&>/LV?]NMTF[e_XNMTF>@?3ACNMRX[IT&^@QO> ¥\zF>/LO>7QOzF>7LODFGFQODFLO>7LO>@?][e?]QV^@T&_U>[e?BLO>/He^@QO[InP>/HIo�HIN�¥Kp;x;zF>/o >/ECGFHe^@[ITF>@A�QOzF>9?]z&^@HIHIN�¥(?]DFG&>/LV?]NMTF[e_-LODFGFQODFLO>-nP>/HINC_U[IQO[I>@?jSCo�QOzF>gf�LO>/>?]DFL�fh^M_U>�¥\zF[e_Vz�GFLONMRXNMQO>@?3QOzF>�JM>/TF>/LV^@QO[INMTN f���QON���_UNMTCnP>/LOQO>@A zF>@^MA ¥\^/nP>@?UpG ;NMD&_VzFNMT >@346H�W { ,�./. ]P�j[IT�QOzF>/[ILj?]QOLO>@?O? s >/HeA9[ITCnP>@?]QO[IJP^@QO[INMT�N f QOzF>-=�^@T&AC>/LV?j>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>3NMS&?]>/LOnP>X^9?]QOLONMTFJ?]G&^@QO[e^@HC_UNMLOLO>/He^@QO[INMTWS&>/Q#¥;>/>/TWQOzF>"HINC_/^@HPLODFGFQODFLO> f�LONMTCQynP>/HINC_U[IQ]o%^@T&AWQOzF>;?]QOLO>/TFJMQOzK>/EF_U>@?O?�{ [ap >PpIYVQOzF>AC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U>"S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TjQOzF>\?]QV^@QO[e_�f�LO[e_UQO[INMTKNML�QOzF>;oC[I>/HeAj?]QOLO>@?O?�^@T&AjQOzF>;[ITF[IQO[e^@HC?]QOLO>@?O?V�VpPlW_/_UNMLVAC[ITFJMHIoPYLODFGFQODFLO>3GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@?j^@QjzF[IJMz�nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o7N@nP>/LK^@LO>@^M?KN f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ:¥\zF>/LO>BQOzF>X?]QOLO>/TFJMQOz�>/EF_U>@?O?%[e?HIN�¥!^@T&A�AC>@_U>/HI>/LV^@QO>@?WDFG&NMT�>/T&_UNMDFTCQO>/LO[ITFJ-LO>/JM[INMT&?@¥\zF>/LO>XQOzF>-?]QOLO>/TFJMQOz >/EF_U>@?O?K[e?KHe^@LOJM>Pp"x;zF>?]G&^@QO[e^@Hy_UNMLOLO>/He^@QO[INMTZ¥;>\NMS&?]>/LOnP>%S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T3QOzF>%LODFGFQODFLO>%nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oB^@T&A3QOzF>W?]HI[IGX^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>\_/^@TXS&>>/ECGFHe^@[ITF>@AXSCoXQOzF>KTFNMQO[INMT-QOz&^@QK^@T9^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]oXGFLONMS&^@SFHIo7NC_/_UDFLV?\[IT9^@T9^@LO>@^[¥\[IQOz9^BHIN�¥?]QOLO>/TFJMQOz>/EF_U>@?O?UY%¥\zF>/LO>jQOzF>BLODFGFQODFLO>B_/^@T9GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>3ZPDF[e_/�CHIo ¥\[IQOzFNMDFQWLO>@?][e?]QV^@T&_U>Pp&x;zF>Z�W[e_/�M^@G&NPN fh^@DFHIQ{a��[IJMDFLO>W�Cpb�P��GFLONMJMLO>@?O?][InP>/HIojQOLV^@T&? f�>/LV?"QOzF>W���h�BR�N f LO[IJMzCQ"He^@QO>/LV^@H�?]HI[IG�f�LONMR!QOzF> } NMzFT&?]NMT ¡;^@HIHI>/ofh^@DFHIQ�QONKQOzF>%�%NMRX>@?]QO>@^MA:¡;^@HIHI>/o fh^@DFHIQ/pP�%NMLOQOzBQONKQOzF>,�W[e_/�M^@G&NPN fh^@DFHIQ/YMQOzF>%?]HI[IGBNMT3QOzF>G[PNMDFQOzF>/LOT�%NMRX>@?]QO>@^MA[¡;^@HIHI>/o fh^@DFHIQ\ACLONMG&?UpFx;zF>K?]DFL�fh^M_U>WLO[IJMzCQ\?]HI[IG3[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@? fh^@LOQOzF>/L;TFNMLOQOz-^@HINMTFJ3^KRXNMLO>TFNMLOQOz¥;>@?]QO>/LOHIoX?]QOLO[��C[ITFJjQOzFLOD&?]Q fh^@DFHIQ/pFx;zF[e?;G&^@LOQ\N f QOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ\[e?;LO> f�>/LOLO>@ABQON3^M?\QOzF>K�%NMRX>@?]QO>@^MA¡;^@HIHI>/o��M?]HI[IG�JP^@G��-S&>@_/^@D&?]>7[IQKS&>@^@LV?B^-TF>/QB?]HI[IG AC> su_U[I>/T&_Uo-LO>/He^@QO[InP>BQON9QOzF>7�-QON-�9R�N fw?]HI[IGNMS&?]>/LOnP>@A9NMT�QOzF>X^MA�� ^M_U>/TCQ fh^@DFHIQj?]>/JMRX>/TCQV?j{��K^@T&^@RXNMLO[ >@3G46H�W Y ,�./. � � [PG&NMQO[IHIHe^X>/Q=[P[I>/zyY ,�./.M|���^M_Vz&^@LO[e^M?]>/T3>/Qg[P[I>/zyY ,�./.M| �VpFx;zF[e?;?]HI[IGBJP^@G7_/^@T3S&>%[ITCQO>/LOGFLO>/QO>@Aj^M?;AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO>@AB?][IRXGFHI>\?]zF>@^@L"NML
�� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������^M?%QO[IHIQO>@A3SFHINC_/�F?K{ar�>/HIQ � >/L >@3C46H�W Y ,�./. �C�Vpyx;zF[e?\LO>@?][e?]QV^@T&_U>j^@QWQOzF>KS&>/JM[ITFTF[ITFJ3N f�QOzF>j�%NMRX>@?]QO>@^MA¡;^@HIHI>/o fh^@DFHIQ;^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@A[¥\[IQOz3HIN�¥ LODFGFQODFLO>%nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oK_/^@TX^@He?]NKS&>W^M?O_ULO[IS&>@ABQONKQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ;^ � [IR3DFQOznM^@LO[e^@QO[INMTB^M?�?]DFJMJM>@?]QO>@AKSCo6 ;NMD&_VzFNMT >@3�46H�W { ,�./. ]P�VpMx;zF>"zF>@^@HI[ITFJ\N f QOzF>"LODFGFQODFLO>"NMTjQOzF>gZ�RX>/LV?]NMT^@T&A9k;^@RXG b NC_/�7?]>/JMRX>/TCQ;[e?;GFLONMS&^@SFHIo-ACDF>KQONX^BHIN�¥�GFLO>@?]QOLO>@?O?\HI>/nP>/H�^@T&A7QON3QOzF>KDFT fh^/nPNMLV^@SFHIoNMLO[I>/TCQO>@A ?]QOLV^@T&A N f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/Y2¥\zF[e_Vz HI[I>@?B^@QX^@S&NMDFQ-� | f�LONMR�QOzF>7LO>/JM[INMT&^@HWAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT N f QOzF>R7^@EC[IR3DFR�_UNMRXGFLO>@?O?][INMTypP�%>/nP>/LOQOzF>/HI>@?O?UY�¥;>WNMS&?]>/LOnP>W^jHe^@LOJM>K?]HI[IG � NMTF>W[ITXQOzF>K?]NMDFQOzF>/LOT7G&^@LOQ\N fQOzF[e?�?]>/JMRX>/TCQy^@T&Aj^@TB^@GFG&^@LO>/TCQ fh^M?]Q�nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o%N f QOzF>"LODFGFQODFLO>�f�LONMTCQ�QOz&^@Q�_/^@TjS&>;QOLO[IJMJM>/LO>@AWSCoWQOzF>ACoCT&^@RX[e_K?]QOLO>@?O?ws >/HeA-JM>/TF>/LV^@QO>@A-SCo7QOzF>BLODFGFQODFLO[ITFJ7N f ^MA�� ^M_U>/TCQwfh^@DFHIQK?]>/JMRX>/TCQV?%^M?K?]DFJMJM>@?]QO>@ASCo� ;NMD&_VzFNMT >@3G46H�W { ,�./. ]P�Vp;�%DFLKRXNCAC>/H�[IT&AC[e_/^@QO>@?WQOz&^@QKQOzF>X?]HI[IG9[e?WLO>/He^@QO[InP>/HIo-?]z&^@HIHIN�¥�^@QKQOzF>TFNMLOQOzF>/LOT->/T&AXN f QOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>Pp
�������� � � ����� �� �������
x;zF>XLO>@?]DFHIQV?WN f�[Cl b [ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?%N f QOzF>7=�^@T&AC>/LV?j>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>3?]zFN�¥!QOz&^@QKLV^MAF^@LB[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LON �RX>/QOLO[e_WAF^@QV^3^@HINMTF>B_/^@T9_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT9QOzF>B?]HI[IG7NMT-QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/p�x;zF>j?]NMHIDFQO[INMT9[e?�¥;>/HIH�_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@A7[ITQOzF>3DFGFG&>/LKG&^@LOQKN f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ/Y=¥\zF[IHI>3^@QjAC>/GFQOz9QOzF>3LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�[e?%G&NPNMLO>/L/Y�^@T&A�?]>/nP>/LV^@H�RXNCAC>/He?¥\[IQOz3_UNMRXGFHI>/QO>/HIoKAC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ"_Vz&^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]QO[e_/?�_/^@TB>/ECGFHe^@[ITB>@ZPD&^@HIHIoKQOzF>L[Cl b AF^@QV^Cp ;oKD&?][ITFJ=[Cl bAF^@QV^CY¥;>W_/^@T7_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT3QOzF>K^M?]G&>/LO[IQO[I>@?�N@nP>/L�QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/pCx;zF>WHe^M_/�jN f LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTX^@Q\AC>/GFQOzX[e?"ACDF>QON7QOzF>�fh^M_UQKQOz&^@Q/Y�[IT9QOzF>3_/^M?]>3N f ^7?]QOLO[��P>B?]HI[IG9RX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R-YFQOzF>3?]DFL�fh^M_U>3AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�^@LONMDFT&AQOzF>�fh^@DFHIQW[e?%RXNMLO>j?]>/T&?][IQO[InP>jQONXQOzF>3?]HI[IG-TF>@^@LKQOzF>B?]DFL�fh^M_U>BQOz&^@T�^@QKAC>/GFQOzypyx;zF>BLO>@?]DFHIQV?%N f�QOzF>[Cl b [ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?;G&NM[ITCQ%NMDFQ%QOzF>jzF[IJMz-zF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQ]o3N f QOzF>B?]HI[IG-^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>WNMT-QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/p�x;zF[e?zF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQ]oj[e?;^@He?]NjNMS&?]>/LOnP>@A3[ITX?]QOLONMTFJBRXNMQO[INMT3[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?;{]k"NMzF>/>W>/QG ;>/LON � ^CY ,�./. �MS � ¦�^@HeA>/QB�%>@^@QONMTyY ,�./. � � k"NMQOQONMT�>/QXk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY ,�./.M| �Vp\�%DFLBRXNCAC>/He?K?]zFN�¥ ^9JMNPNCA�^@JMLO>/>/RX>/TCQ:¥\[IQOzJM>/NMHINMJM[e_/^@H%?]QOD&AC[I>@?X{S[P[I>/z�>/QB^@HapIY ,�./. �P�/�"QOzF>7R7^@EC[IRBDFR�?]DFL�fh^M_U>-?]HI[IG�NC_/_UDFLOLO>@A ^@S&NMDFQ3�P�U�CRTFNMLOQOz�N f QOzF>X>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/L/Y¥\[IQOz�G&>@^���?]HI[IG�TF>@^@L3�XR9pyx;zF>7?]HI[IG�AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�[e?WnP>/LOo9zF>/QO>/LONMJM> �TF>/NMD&?UY�^@T&A9[IQV?%nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?K_/^@T�LO>@^M_Vz�?]>/nP>/LV^@H�RX>/QO>/LV?\N@nP>/LK^ f�>�¥ �C[IHINMRX>/QO>/LV?UYCSFDFQ:¥;>3_/^@TFTFNMQ[eAC>/TCQO[tf�o3zF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQO[I>@?;?]R7^@HIHI>/L"QOz&^@T | �CR ¥\[eAC>jACDF>jQONBQOzF>jHI[IRX[IQO[�TFJj?]G&^@QO[e^@H�AC[e?O_ULO>/QO[ � ^@QO[INMTQOz&^@Q:¥;>3^@LO>3NMSFHI[IJM>@A-QON7D&?]>3QON7R7^��P>KQOzF>3GFLONMSFHI>/R�¥;>/HIH�AC>/QO>/LORX[ITF>@A�p'\aT�QOzF>�[Cl b ^@T&AnaWrg[��NM[ITCQ�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyY@QOzF>\QONMQV^@HFLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT3[e?�?]HI[IJMzCQOHIoK[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@A�pMx;zF>%>/LOLONML�>@?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMTjNMT3NMDFL"G&^@LV^��RX>/QO>/LV?"?]QO[IHIHyAC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@?M¥\[IQOz-AC>/GFQOzyYF^@T&A7?]>/nP>/LV^@H�RXNCAC>/He?M¥\[IQOzXnM^@LO[INMD&?\nM^@HIDF>@?"N f�?]HI[IG7^@Q%AC>/GFQOz_/^@T7>/ECGFHe^@[IT7QOzF>jAF^@QV^Cpx;zF>;[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTWN fu?]QOLONMTFJWRXNMQO[INMTKAF^@QV^CY�¥\[IQOzjQOzF>;?]HI[IGjAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTj^@T&Aj[IQV?�>/LOLONML�_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@A
SCo7QOzF>BLO>@?]DFHIQV?%N f�QOzF>�[Cl b ^@T&A$aWrg[-_UNMR3SF[ITF>@AX[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyY&?]zFN�¥%?K^X?]QOLONMTFJ7nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT9N f�QOzF>LODFGFQODFLO>BnP>/HINC_U[IQ]o7ACDFLO[ITFJ7QOzF>BLODFGFQODFLO>Pp�x;zF>3LODFGFQODFLO>�f�NMHIHIN�¥%?%QOzF>[¥;>@^��P>/L%G&^@QOz�AC>/G&>/T&AC[ITFJXNMTQOzF>KGFLO>@?]QOLO>@?O?;HI>/nP>/HaYMQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ\JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoPYC^@T&AXQOzF>jACoCT&^@RX[e_\GFLONC_U>@?O?Up�x;zF>KLODFGFQODFLO>j^@LO>@^jJMLON�¥%?¥\zF>/T QOzF>7GFLO>@?]QOLO>@?O?j^@T&A QOzF> fh^@DFHIQBNMLO[I>/TCQV^@QO[INMT�^@LO> fh^/nPNMLV^@SFHI>-^@T&A AC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@?jNML3AC[e?O^@GFG&>@^@LV?¥\zF>/T7[IQ\>/T&_UNMDFTCQO>/LV?\^BLO>@?][e?]QV^@T&_U>Pp�[PNMRX>WNMS&?]QV^M_UHI>@?\^@LO>jN@nP>/LV_UNMRX>\SCo7_UNMTCQONMDFLO[ITFJ3NML ��DFRXGF[ITFJFpx;zF>"He^@LOJM>;zF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQO[I>@?F[ITKS&NMQOzB?]HI[IGj^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>�^@T&AKLODFGFQODFLO>"nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o\nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?�?]DFJMJM>@?]Q
� � ��� +�# ��������� ��%�
QOz&^@Q;QOzF>WLODFGFQODFLO>WGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@?;SCo3SFLO>@^��C[ITFJB?]D&_/_U>@?O?][InP>%^M?]G&>/LO[IQO[I>@?"LV^@QOzF>/L;QOz&^@T7SCoBGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[ITFJHI[��P>W^BGFDFHe?]>j^@QW_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ\nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oPp� +�� ����� # ����&(����� �
¦�>m^@LO>�JMLV^@QO> f�DFH3QON �%[eAC[I>/L�d9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q f�NML�GFLON@nC[eAC[ITFJ�^�LV^MAF^@L�[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R N fgQOzF>=�^@T&AC>/LV?3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PpT¦�>-QOz&^@T%� } >@^@T ��k"zFLO[e?]QONMGFzF>naW^@LO[I>/HG¥\zFN�>/T&_UNMDFLV^@JM>@A�QOzF[e?@¥;NMLE��^@T&A�%NMT&^�[C_UNMQOQO[ f�NMLXzF>/HIG f�DFH%AC[e?O_UD&?O?][INMT&?X^@T&Am_UNMRXRX>/TCQV?WNMTmQOzF>-R7^@TCD&?O_ULO[IGFQ/p"x;zF>-G&^@G&>/L7^@He?]NS&>/TF> s QO>@A�f�LONMR!QOzF>W_UNMT&?]QOLOD&_UQO[InP>\LO>/nC[I>�¥%?�N f b NMS&>/LOQG�W[ITFJFY�WDFLOQ;�F>/[IJMHaYP^@T&A b ^"cDFH�d9^MAF^@LO[e^@JP^Cp
Qj£G>��K>K7�� >E<=�GF ��F6;K3 � �¤OR6T�T � � D@>���7I; >E< �'4�:'F�4�DKx ��� ¤OR6T�T�T � 4����K>5B�3S>E< ��>Km�DKF�4�DKx � � ¤OR6T�T�TVU_� j�8KB(x6DK7^� ?�3OR6T�T�T�m�x=39?�>G�GA�>KDK7��@4�: ¢ >E8KB'?'x�;�7��@46H �-:'798�:�W�O4KB�>KDL:'F�A=mK>KD=R6T�T�T ���CT ����� � ��W � R � �6t ����� � �(T�T ��R6T�T�T ���CT ����� � ��� � T�W ���
�7,�� �!5319:��@8�|�</531=&>@?�LFc>@?]DFHIQV^@QV?�AC>\Ha` [IR7^@JM>/LO[I>">/T3AC>/DFE�c>/QV^@G&>@?UYPACDX?Cc>/[e?]RX>;AC>W=�^@T&AC>/LV?UYPG&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ�A�` NMSFQO>/TF[IL
DFT�n;c>/LO[IQV^@SFHI>�s HIR�ACD A;c>@_/^@He^@JM>X>/TCQOLO>3HI>@?KAC>/DFE9Hai>/nCLO>@?KAC>3He^ fh^@[IHIHI>B>/T f�NMT&_UQO[INMT ACD�QO>/RXG&?Up�\aH^ ?]D � AC>��M��?]>@_UNMT&AC>@?XG&NMDFL-LONMRXGFLO>9ACD?]D&A�nP>/LV?3HI>9TFNMLVA�M�t�C[IHINMR9i>/QOLO>@?BAC>�He^ fh^@[IHIHI>9>/QGFLON@nPNCZPDF>/L%HINC_/^@HI>/RX>/TCQ%AC>@?%A;c>@_/^@He^@JM>@?WAC>jGFHID&?][I>/DFLV?%R9i>/QOLO>@?Up'Z�T�_Vz&^MZPDF>jG&NM[ITCQKAC>jHe^�fh^@[IHIHI>PYF_U>A;c>@_/^@He^@JM>7?U` > vu>@_UQODF>X>/T ZPDF>/HeZPDF>@?K?]>@_UNMT&AC>@?X{ >/TCQOLO>X�->/Qj��?]>@_UNMT&AC>@?V�Vp"=&> f�LONMTCQ3AC>XLODFGFQODFLO>7^DFTF>BnC[IQO>@?O?]>jRXN@oP>/TFTF>KAC>BHa` NMLVACLO>BAC>3�Z�C[IHINMR9i>/QOLO>@?"G&^@Lj?]>@_UNMT&AC>PY&R7^@[e?%_U>/QOQO>jnC[IQO>@?O?]>jTy` >@?]Q%G&^M?_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQO>Pp�=�^7AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT9ACD9JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ\>@?]QWz\c>/QFc>/LONMJFi>/TF>Ppy�%T9TFNMQO>BHe^3GFLFc>@?]>/T&_U>BAC>3� � NMTF>@?N�iDXHI>;JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQy>@?]Q�GFHID&?�[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ�ZPDy`b^@[IHIHI>/DFLV?UpPk">@? � NMTF>@?�?]NMTCQ;?Cc>/G&^@LFc>/>@?�G&^@L;AC>@?�LFc>/JM[INMT&?�ZPDF[_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AC>/TCQ"^@DFE � NMTF>@?�AC>;LO>/He^@[e?�>/TCQOLO>"HI>@?�?]>/JMRX>/TCQV?yAC>�fh^@[IHIHI>@?yN�iD3HI>;JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQy>@?]Q�RXNM[IT&ACLO>>/QWN�iD�He^XnC[IQO>@?O?]>3AC>BLODFGFQODFLO>XAC[IRX[ITCDF>Pp��%T�NMS&?]>/LOnP>3ZPDF>BHI>@? � NMTF>@?KAC>BLO>/He^@[e?W?U` NMGFG&NP?]>/TCQ7i^XHe^GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT�AC>3He^7LODFGFQODFLO>PY�R7^@[e?KZPDy` >/HIHI>@?\TF>X?]D � ?]>/TCQKG&^M? f�NMLV_�c>/RX>/TCQ3i^7?]QONMGFG&>/LjHI>X?Cc>/[e?]RX>Ppk">@?%LFc>@?]DFHIQV^@QV?\RXNMTCQOLO>/TCQ%ZPDy` [IH�>@?]QKAC[�� _U[IHI>KA�`b^M?O?]NC_U[I>/LWDFTF>jR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>KR7^@EC[IR7^@HI>Bi^3DFT9LFc>@?]>@^@DAC> fh^@[IHIHI>@?;?]>/JMRX>/TCQFc>/>@?Up
�� � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
egf9hC.&�Cp , ] / w 8��@46HI7I;�4635798�:�<�>E;=R�R=;K354635798�:�;M<�>MA=8�F � >KA�>K:�3 z|8�D@3gF�357�HI7I;�J>�>E;�<�4�:�; �K>@3�3S>�J>@35F�<�>�W
� � ��� +�# ��������� ���
N-S
0
GS
C
E-W
0
U-D
0
0
PA
S
0 0
0
PF
O
0 0
0
SV
D
0 0
0
Am
boy
0 0
0
Bak
er
0 0
0
Bar
stow
0 0
0
Des
ert
0 0
0
For
t
0 0
0
Josh
ua
0 20 40 60 80t, s
0 0
0 20 40 60 80t, s
0
Luce
rne
0 20 40 60 80t, s
egf9hC.��Cp ,�. / j�8�ACB'4�DE4�7I;�8�:n>K:�35D@>�H�>E;%<�8�:':LJ>�>E;_<�>�A=8�F � >KA�>K:�3 z|8�D@3L>K:'D@>���7I;K35D-J>�>E;=B(D(}>E;�<�>�HI4;�8�F�D��K>MHI8�DE;�<�F�;�J>K7I;�A�>�<�> w 4�:'<�>KDE;%Q5mKH�>KF|U >@3CH�>E;�;�7I;�A=8@��DE4�A=A�>E;L;�x6:�39?LJ>@3579p�F'>E;%<�F_A=8 <�}>@H�>�<�>HI4 �g7^��F�D@> � W9R ��Q5DE8�F ��> UXW 8�F�3S>E;LH�>E;OB'4�79D@>E;G<�>O;�7I;�A=8@��DE4�A=A�>E;=Q5<�8�:':LJ>�>E;�>@3-;�x6:�39?LJ>@3579p�F'>E; U ;�8�:�3}4�HI4%A �>KA�>�J>��@?�>@H�H�>�W
� � � � ! &(��� ������� #�! � ���� ��� ��"!$# � ! �����%���_������� ������M& ������ ��������������M����������� # �'&(���������
� ���
� )� !���y���� �
� �"� ���� ���������� ����� �9���� ����� $��( � ���������� �� ����������� ������� �������
� ,/. 0�132�4"576989:;2"</531=&>@?WQOLO>/R3SFHI>/R3>/TPQV?\AC>3QO>/LOLO>BZPDF[�NMTCQ f�LV^@GFG\c>@?WHI>@?%LFc>/JM[INMT&?KA�`��%R3SFLO[I>K>/QKAC>3d9^@LV_VzF>7{5\aQV^@HI[I>
_U>/TCQOLV^@HI>M��>/T ,�./. � � ,�./. ]3?]>%?]NMTCQ"A;c>/LONMDFH/c>@?�?]>/HINMT3DFTF>%_ULO[e?]>;[ITFz&^@SF[IQODF>/HIHI>PpMk">/QOQO> � NMTF>\>@?]Q"LFc>/JMDFHI[ai> �LO>/RX>/TCQ�?]>@_UNMD\c>/>%G&^@L;AC>@?"?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?yR7^@[e?�_U>/QOQO>%?Cc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>;>@?]Q;^M?O?]> � G&^@LOQO[e_UDFHI[ai>/LO>Pp��%>/GFDF[e?�HI>%A;c>/SFDFQAC>3Ha`Oc>/QFc> ,�./. �PY�HI>@?W^@GFG&^@LO>/[IHe?K^/nM^@[I>/TCQW>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>3AC>@?K?]>@_UNMD&?O?]>@?KA�` DFTF>BR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>3AC>3��i^7�Cp | Yz&^@SF[IQODF>/HIHI>@?\QONMDFQKHI>jHINMTFJ-AC>@?Wl%G&>/TFTF[IT&?Up�r�>/LV?]NMTFTF>3TF>BHI>@?%^/nM^@[IQW[ITCQO>/LOGFLFc>/QFc>/>@?%_UNMRXRX>WGFLFc>@_UDFL��?]>/DFLV?�AC>\GFHID&?�JMLONP?Bc>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?Up/r�DF[e?UYMHI>\�M�K?]>/GFQO>/R3SFLO> ,�./. �PYF^%>/DBHI[I>/DjHI>\GFLO>/RX[I>/L�?Cc>/[e?]RX> f�NMLOQ/YAC>%R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>Wd9��� | ���Pp&k">/Q3c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQ�^�c>/QFc>%GFLO[e?�G&NMDFL\HI>%_VzFNC_%GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HapPlmQO>/H&G&NM[ITCQ;ZPDF>AC>@?WG&>/LV?]NMTFTF>@?j?]NMTCQj^@HIH/c>/>@?W^@D&?O?][IQMqNMQj[IT&?]G&>@_UQO>/LWHI>@?KA;c>/J�q^@QV?Up�d9^@[e?UYyZPDF>/HeZPDF>@?%zF>/DFLO>@?WGFHID&?WQV^@LVA�YDFT�^@DFQOLO>X?Cc>/[e?]RX>PYF>/T&_UNMLO>3GFHID&?WnC[INMHI>/TCQj{ad9���!�C�b�P�W^ fh^@[IQKQONMR3S&>/LWAC>3TFNMDFnP>@^@DFE9S�q^@QO[IRX>/TCQV?Upk">@?3ACNMDFSFHI>/QV?UY�>/Tm?][\G&>/DmAC>-QO>/RXG&?UY�?]NMTCQ3QOL/i>@?j[ITCQOLO[IJP^@TCQV?B>/QB[IH\>@?]QBT\c>@_U>@?O?O^@[ILO>-A�` [IR7^@JM>/LjHI>@??]NMDFLV_U>@?%?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?;AC>@?\GFHID&?\JMLONP?W_VzFNC_/?%^�s T9AC>jQO>/TCQO>/L%AC>B_UNMRXGFLO>/T&ACLO>WHI>@?\[ITCQO>/LV^M_UQO[INMT&?;>/TCQOLO>HI>@?\AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQV?3c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?Upl%GFL/i>@?KHI>@?KAC>/DFE�GFLO>/RX[I>/LV?W?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?WACD �M�9?]>/GFQO>/R3SFLO> ,�./. �PY�HI>3TFNMR3SFLO>B>/QjHa` [ITCQO>/T&?][IQFc>3AC>@?
� �ILFc>/GFHI[eZPDF>@? � �CTy` NMTCQ�G&^M?;AC[IRX[ITCD\c>;AC> fh^��_UNMTXLFc>/JMDFHI[ai>/LO>PpMl%D3_UNMTCQOLV^@[ILO>PYMHI> , �KNC_UQONMSFLO> ,�./. �WDFT3TFNMD �nP>@^@D7?Cc>/[e?]RX>B{ad9��� | �b�P�;^3?]>@_UNMD\c>KHe^KG&^@LOQO[I>j?]D&A-AC>WHe^jLFc>/JM[INMTyYFGFL/i>@?\AC>=[P>/HIHe^@TFNX{a��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp , �Vp=�^%?Cc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>;?][e?]RX[eZPDF>�ZPDF[C^\?]>@_UNMD\c>;He^;LFc>/JM[INMTjA�`blW?O?][e?]>;?]>;_UNMRXG&NP?]> s T&^@HI>/RX>/TCQ�AC>\�\?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?
AC>%R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>%?]DFG\c>/LO[I>/DFLO>Bi^ | Yb�K>/Q;AC>%GFHID&?"AC>W�M�M�M��c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?�GFHID&?"G&>/QO[IQV?\{a��[IJMDFLO>@?;�Ppb�P��ZPDF[NMTCQ%?]>@_UNMD\c>KHe^BLFc>/JM[INMT7>/TCQOLO>WHe^ s T ,�./. �B>/Q;HI>jA;c>/SFDFQ ,�./. ]Cp�%NMD&?\^/nPNMT&?;DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>%HI>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?CaWrg[3>/QC[Cl b G&NMDFL\GFLFc>@_U[e?]>/L;He^jHINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMTyYCHe^jJ�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>>/QWHe^7AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�ACD�JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ%?]DFLjHI>@? fh^@[IHIHI>@?W_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF^@TCQB^@DFE9QOLONM[e?WGFHID&?WJMLONP?K?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?
AC>KHe^B?Cc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PpF�%NMD&?%^/nPNMT&?;>/T&?]DF[IQO>KDFQO[IHI[e?Cc>WHI>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?%AC>KRXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ f�NMLOQ\G&NMDFLWA;c>@_ULO[ILO>WHI>A;c>/LONMDFHI>/RX>/TCQ;AC>KHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>KHINMLV?\AC>j_U>@?;QOLONM[e?7c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?Up
� ��� � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
egf9hC.��Pp , / w 8��@46HI7I;�4635798�:$<�>E;�35DE8�7I; J>���J>K:�>KA�>K:�39;�B(DK79: ��7 B'4�F6PnQ�J>@358�7�H�>E; U >@3L<�>E;�D-J>5B�HI79p�F'>E;�>K:�35D@>H�> � � ; >5B�3S>KA=m�D@>%R6T�T � >@3CH�> � � <CJ>��K>KA=m�D@>�R6T�T � W w >E;�A�J>��@4�:'7I;�A�>E;�<�>E;�35DE8�7I;GB(DK79: ��7 B'4�F6P J>���J>@t:�>KA�>K:�39;M;�8�:_79:'<�79p�FGJ>E;�Q9v ��;K35D��8�A >@3C46H�W*¤OR6T�T �VUXW w >E;OB(DK79: ��7 B'4�F6PM;�J>K7I;�A�>E;L?'7I;K358�DK79p�F'>E;=<�>E; � ���
<�>KDK:'7 }>KD@>E;%4�:':LJ>@>E;�;�8�:�3L79:'<�79p�FGJ>E;=B'4�D=<�>E; �@4�DKD-J>E;�4�� >���H�>KF�D�<�463S>�WgHI4�;�7I;�A=7���7�3�J>%>K:�35D@>%R6T�T �$>@3R6T�T � >E;K3=79:'<�79p�FGJ>@>�B'4�D%<�>E; �K>KD��KH�>E;���DK7I; W w >E;�A�J>��@4�:'7I;�A�>E;_4�Fiz|8�x�>KD�<�>E;%;�J>K79A�>E;_<�>�uL8�D���794QSR6T � TVU >@3G<�> ¢ F�m�m�7986t'�C>KDKF ��794qQSR6T � � Ui;�8�:�3�J>���46H�>KA�>K:�3=D@>5B(D-J>E; >K:�3�J>E;=;�F�D �K>@3�3S> �@4�D@3S>�Q5<�r 4KB(D(}>E;�GA=46358%>@3O46H�W*¤CR6T�T �VUXW
��� �� � ����� + ����� � � �
egf9hC.%�Ppb� / �M7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:q3S>KACB'8�D@>@H�H�>_<�>%HI4n;�7I;�A=7���7�3�J>_>K:�35D@>�H�> �_; >5B�3S>KA=m�D@>$R6T�T � >@3MH�>$R �:'8�� >KA=m�D@>�R6T�T � W�Q54VU :'8�A=m�D@> ��F�A=F�H6J>n<�r@J>���J>K:�>KA�>K:�39;�4�x64�:�3�F�:�>nA=4���:'7�35F�<�>�o���� �C� |y>@3A=8�A�>K:�3�;�7I;�A=79p�F'> ��F�A=F�H6J>L4 ;@;�8���7�J>MQ5<�r 4KB(D(}>E;O�GA=46358�>@3-46H�W*¤gR6T�T �VUXW�Q5m U :'8�A=m�D@>C<�>g;�J>K7I;�A�>E;gB'4�D?�>KF�D@>M>@3OA=4���:'7�35F�<�>=<�>E;CB(DK79: ��7 B'4�F6P J>���J>K:�>KA�>K:�39;_Q9o���� � ¤_J>@358�7�H�>E;�:'8�79D@>E; UXW
� � � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������� ,/y ��8 �-2"8-4M~�6U~:| � �94;<@19:%< ��{B8P�}|U�~K<�|2��~:|!6U~ ��{ |U�~ �78U~K19:G~
6U~ �!5 ����5B4;<U2�5k">KG&^@LV^@JMLV^@GFzF>B>@?]Q\DFT9^@LOQO[e_UHI>W>/T7GFLFc>/G&^@LV^@QO[INMT:�
� ���� ��� �U�����K �����q�i�0 )�� ������� ���� � ! �/� ! � + )��� � ���� � !'#�� !'# � � � ! ��&(���KZ� ! �� ) ��� !%� ����� � �� � ��(��� ��������i� ��� �2�2� � �2� � � ! ������� ! �O��� # ������������ # �'&(� +�!'# � ! !
;LODFTFN3�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> � YF�&^@SFLO[e_U>Bk"NMQOQONMTyY�d-[e_VzF>/Hyk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY�FLV^@T �_UNM[e?]>Bk"NMDFLOS&NMDFHI>/E�Y&d9^M?O?][IRXNXk"NC_/_UNFY([C^@HInM^@QONMLO>�[PQOLV^@RXNMT&ACN� ���K � ! +
a%>/NCAC>/QO[e_B^@T&A�?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@H�_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_KAF^@QV^7^@LO>BD&?]>@A-QON-_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT�QOzF>3?]G&^@QO[IN �hQO>/RXG&NMLV^@H>/nPNMHIDFQO[INMT-N f�QOzF>3?]HI[IG-NMT9QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQV?WACDFLO[ITFJXQOzF>jQOzFLO>/>jHe^@LOJM>@?]QW>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?%N f�QOzF> ,�./. � � ,�./. ]c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>W{al%G&>/TFTF[ITF>@?UY&k">/TCQOLV^@H(\aQV^@HIo&�"?]>/[e?]RX[e_;?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PpCd-NMLO>WQOz&^@T7�M�j>/nP>/TCQV?�N f R7^��JMTF[IQOD&AC>%He^@LOJM>/L"QOz&^@T3�Fp | YC^@T&AX^@S&NMDFQ\�M�M�M�j?]R7^@HIHI>/L�?]zFNC_/�F?"NC_/_UDFLOLO>@ABACDFLO[ITFJjQOzF[e?�?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PpC�%T[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L3�M�CY ,�./. ��Q#¥;N _UHINP?]>/HIo HINC_/^@QO>@A >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?X?]QOLOD&_/� QOzF>�k"NMHts NMLO[IQON ^@LO>@^�{a�M��b�M�CY��� � | ��� ^@T&A� . � �P�CYK��� ���C�b�P�7^@T&A�Y%NMT��W_UQONMS&>/L , �FY ,�./. �PYK^@TFNMQOzF>/L->/nP>/TCQ9{ ,/| �b�M�CY����� | �b�P�;NC_/_UDFLOLO>@AX[IT7QOzF>j?]NMDFQOz �h>@^M?]QO>/LOT9?]>@_UQO[INMT7N f QOzF>j?]>/[e?]RXNMJM>/TF[e_ � NMTF>PYCTF>@^@LL[P>/HIHe^@TFNFp
¦�> s LV?]Q"D&?]>GaWrg[jRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TPQV?y^@T&A�[Cl b [ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R7?yQONK>/nM^@HID&^@QO>\QOzF>%_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_�?]HI[IGAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTjNMTjQOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ�GFHe^@TF>@?y[ITB^\He^/oP>/LO>@A%z&^@Htfu?]G&^M_U>Pp�¦�>;D&?]>\AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ fh^@DFHIQ�JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoW^@T&AHINC_/^@QO[INMT&?;_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF[ITFJKQOzF>W?]NMHIDFQO[INMTZ¥\zF[e_VzBGFLON@nC[eAC>@?�QOzF>%S&>@?]Q s Q"QONKQOzF>WAF^@QV^KSCoBLO>@ACD&_U[ITFJWQOzF>LOR7?"RX[e? s Q/px¦�>j^@He?]N3>/ECGFHINMLO>WQOzF>j?]>/Q\N f�^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>K?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?\D&?][ITFJX^jJM>/TF>/QO[e_W^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR9p¦�>s T&^@HIHIoX[ITCnP>/LOQ;?]QOLONMTFJXJMLONMDFT&A7RXNMQO[INMT7AF^@QV^BQONXAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>WQOzF>KQO[IRX>WGFLONMJMLO>@?O?][INMT-N f QOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>Ppx;zF>3?]HI[IG9N f�QOzF>Xk"NMHts NMLO[IQON-�M��b�M�X>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>B[e?%R7^@[ITFHIoXHINC_/^@QO>@A-[IT9QOzF>BTFNMLOQOzF>/LOT9G&^@LOQKN f
QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ�TF>@^@L�QOzF>\zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L�HINC_/^@QO[INMTypP�FNML�QOzF>%� . � �P�W>/nP>/TCQ/Y/QOzF>\RXNMRX>/TCQ�LO>/HI>@^M?]>@Aj[e?�R7^@[ITFHIoHINC_/^@QO>@A9[IT9QOzF>�s LV?]Qj�Z�CR�TFNMLOQOz�QON7QOzF>�f�NC_UD&?Upy�FNMLKQOzF[e?%>/nP>/TCQ/YFQOzF>3LODFGFQODFLO>B[ITF[IQO[e^@QO>@A7[IT9QOzF>?]NMDFQOzF>/LOTBG&^@LOQ�N fuQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ�^@T&ABGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO>@ABQON�¥\^@LVAjQOzF>;TFNMLOQOzF>@^M?]Q/pPlm?]>@_UNMT&Aj?]R7^@HIHI>/L�^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]o[e?%NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A-[IT9QOzF>3DFGFG&>/LWG&^@LOQKN f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQK^@Qj^@S&NMDFQ , � �CR�TFNMLOQOz�N f QOzF>BTCD&_UHI>@^@QO[INMT � NMTF>Ppx;zF>B�W_UQONMS&>/L , �FY ,/| �b�M�%[P>/HIHe^@TFNB>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Wz&^M?%^BSF[IHe^@QO>/LV^@H�LODFGFQODFLO>KGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMTyp
�������� ��� ����������� ������
x;zF> ,�./. � � ,�./. ]nc%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>X{]k">/TCQOLV^@H�\aQV^@HIo&�W?]>/[e?]RX[e_j?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>3?]QOLOD&_/�9QOzF>3TFNMLOQOzF>/LOTG&^@LOQ3N fwQOzF>-l%G&>/TFTF[ITF[e_X^@LV_-^@T&A�_/^@D&?]>@A ?]>/nP>/LO>7AF^@R7^@JM>@?B^@T&A�?]>/nP>/LV^@H\_/^@D&?O^@HI[IQO[I>@?Up�x;zF[e?3?]> �ZPDF>/T&_U>%[e?;_Vz&^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]>@A3SCoBRXNMLO>%QOz&^@T-�M�j>/nP>/TCQV?�N f R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>%He^@LOJM>/L;QOz&^@T7�Fp | {5Z2�F?]QOL��NMR >@346H�W Y ,�./. ]P�VY�^@T&A-^@S&NMDFQW�M�M�M�X?]R7^@HIHI>/L;?]zFNC_/�F?W{al%R7^@QON >@3O46H�W Y ,�./. ]P�Vp�d-NP?]Q%N f QOzF>KQONMQV^@H�?]>/[e?]RX[e_
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � �
RXNMRX>/TCQ�¥\^M?WLO>/HI>@^M?]>@AP¥\[IQOzF[IT9QOzF>�s LV?]QWRXNMTCQOz-N f QOzF>3?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>jSFDFQWQOzF>3^M_UQO[InC[IQ]oX[IT9QO>/LOR(N fTCDFR3S&>/L;N f�>/nP>/TCQ�¥\^M?%[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\DFTCQO[IHyQOzF>j>/T&A7N f�QOzF>KoP>@^@L ,�./. ]9{��%>@?O_Vz&^@RXG&? >@3C46H�W Y��M�M�M�P�Vpx;zF>j^M_UQO[InC[IQ]oX?]QV^@LOQO>@A-^@Q\QOzF>jS&>/JM[ITFTF[ITFJBN f [P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L ,�./. �B[IT7QOzF>3k"NMHts NMLO[IQONBLO>/JM[INMTU¥\[IQOz-^@T>/nP>/TCQWN f R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>B�Fp��Pp"�%T�[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/LK�M�CY ,�./. �7Q#¥;N-_UHINP?]>/HIo9HINC_/^@QO>@A9>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?K?]QOLOD&_/�QOzF>3k"NMHts NMLO[IQON7^@LO>@^-{a�M��b�M�CY���� � | ���3^@T&A9� . � �P�CY���� ���C�b�P�Vpyx;zF> s LV?]QWNMTF>jSFLON��P>jQON�¥\^@LVAQOzF>9?]NMDFQOz�{al%R7^@QON >@3�46H�W Y ,�./. ]P�X^@T&A�QOzF>9?]>@_UNMT&A NMTF>-QONPN��mGFHe^M_U>7TFNMLOQOzmN f QOzF>gf�NMLO>@?]zFNC_/�^M_UQO[InC[IQ]o3LO>/JM[INMTyp&x;zF>B^M_UQO[InC[IQ]o3_UNMTCQO[ITCDF>@A7^�f�QO>/L\QOzF>@?]>jQ#¥;NBR7^@[IT7?]zFNC_/�F?%^@T&A9^BSF[IHe^@QO>/LV^@H�>/nP>/TCQRX[IJMLV^@QO[INMT3[e?�NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A3^@HINMTFJ3^j�,¦ � [�Z�^@EC[e?;_UNMT&?][e?]QO>/TCQM¥\[IQOzXQOzF>W?]QOLO[��P>%^@TFJMHI>WN f QOzF>%R7^@GFG&>@Afh^@DFHIQV?�^@T&ABQOzF>\R7^���NML�>/nP>/TCQ"k;d9x ?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?UpC�%TX�W_UQONMS&>/L , �FY ,�./. �PYC^@TFNMQOzF>/L"[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ�>/nP>/TCQ{ ,/| �b�M�CY;����� | �b�P�WNC_/_UDFLOLO>@A�[IT�QOzF>7?]NMDFQOz �h>@^M?]QO>/LOT�?]>@_UQO[INMT�N f QOzF>7?]>/[e?]RXNMJM>/TF[e_ � NMTF>PY�TF>@^@L[P>/HIHe^@TFNFp�x;zF>�f�NC_/^@H�RX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R N f�QOzF>BR7^@[IT->/nP>/TCQV?\^@LO>3^@HIRXNP?]QWGFDFLO>jTFNMLOR7^@H fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ9{5Z2�F? �QOL��NMR >@3-46H�W Y ,�./. ]P�VpPx;zF[e?yRX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R�[e?y>/ECGFHe^@[ITF>@AWSCoj^W_UNMTCQO>/RXG&NMLV^@TF>/NMD&?y>/ECQO>/T&?][INMT&^@HF_UNMTCQO>/ECQ¥\zF[e_Vz�_/^@T�S&>3>/[IQOzF>/LWACDF>3QON-_ULOD&?]QV^@H�>/ECQO>/T&?][INMT9TFNMLOR7^@H�QON7QOzF>Xl%G&>/TFTF[ITF[e_j_Vz&^@[IT {a�FLO>/G&NMHI[�>/Ql%R7^@QONFY ,�./. � � d-NMTCQONMTF> >@3g46H�W Y ,�./. �M�"NML;QONBAC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ"GFLONC_U>@?O?UYF?]D&_VzX^M?"GFDFHIHt� ^@G&^@LOQ;QO>@_UQONMTF[e_/?�[IT^3?]QOLO[��P>K?]HI[IGXLO>/JM[IRX>j{]k">/HIHIN >@3O46H�W Y ,�./. �M�Vpx;zF>-^@[IR�N fwQOzF[e?jG&^@G&>/LB[e?jQON9LO>/QOLO[I>/nP>3QOzF>7?]NMDFLV_U>7zF[e?]QONMLOo�N fwQOzF>7QOzFLO>/>XR7^@[IT�?]zFNC_/�F?jN f
[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/LW�M�7^@T&A �W_UQONMS&>/L , �FYyD&?][ITFJ7JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_BRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TPQV?\^@T&A�?]QOLONMTFJ-JMLONMDFT&A�RXNMQO[INMT?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R7?%{a��[IJMDFLO>j�Ppb�P�Vp
DInSAR GPS Strong ground motions
Fault location and geometry, slip distribution Rupture history
Inversions in a layered half space
egf9hC.\�Ppb� / ��HI8�� �@?'4�D@3=8 z 39?�>�;�8�F�D��K>�;K35F�<�x$8 z 39?�>%39?'D@>@>�A=4�79:n;@?'8�����;_8 z 39?�>_R6T�T � tER6T�T ��-A=m�DK7946t�o$4�D��@?�>�; >K7I;�A=7��%; >Ep�F'>K: �K>�W ¢ >E8 <�>@357��_4�:'<�:�>E4�D � >@HI< �@8 ; >K7I;�A=7��%; >K7I;�A=86HI8@��7��@46HG<�463544�D@>L79: � >KD@3S>E<�358 �@8�:�;K35DE4�79:�39?�>MA=4�79:�;�8�F�D��K>E; �@?'4�DE4��K3S>KDK7I;K357��@; Wx;zF>XAF^@QV^7LO>@_UNMLVAC>@A�¥\[IQOz�^M_/_UDFLV^M_Uo�ACDFLO[ITFJ7QOzF[e?K?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>BSCo�?]>/nP>/LV^@H�NMLOJP^@TF[e?]R7?K^@QjTF>@^@L
?]NMDFLV_U>7AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>7^@LO>-^@T&^@HIoF?]>@A�QON9>/ECQOLV^M_UQj[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�^@S&NMDFQBQOzF>-?]QV^@QO[e_-{ JM>/NMRX>/QOLO[e_/^@H fh^@DFHIQ_Vz&^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]QO[e_3^@T&A ?]HI[IG AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT��j^@T&A�QOzF> �C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_B^M?]G&>@_UQV?X{ HINC_/^@H%?]HI[IG ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�^@T&ALODFGFQODFLO> f�LONMTCQ\nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o&��N f QOzF>KQOzFLO>/>KR7^@[IT7?]NMDFLV_U>@?Upx;zF>j[ITCQO>/LO>@?]QV?;N f ?]D&_Vz-^X?]NMDFLV_U>B?]QOD&ACo7N f RXNCAC>/LV^@QO>B?][ � >K>/nP>/TCQV?\^@LO>jnM^@LO[INMD&?Up��FLONMR�^BRX> �
QOzFNCACNMHINMJM[e_/^@H;G&NM[ITCQjN f nC[I>�¥KY�[IQK[e?K[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQKQONP�CTFN�¥�[tf [IQK[e?KG&NP?O?][ISFHI>XQON9?]QOD&ACo9QOzF>7?]NMDFLV_U>GFLONC_U>@?O?;N f >/nP>/TCQV?;?]R7^@HIHI>/L�QOz&^@T-QOzF>:�WNMS&>KNML\QOzF>B=�^@T&AC>/LV?;>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>WD&?][ITFJBTF>@^@L s >/HeAXAF^@QV^Cp\aQ%[e?%[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ%QON-AC[e?O_UD&?O?%QOzF>j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT-HI[IRX[IQV?;^@T&A9QON7ZPD&^@TCQO[tf�o7QOzF>BLO>@?]DFHIQV?%LO>/HI[e^@SF[IHI[IQ]oPpF�FNML
� � � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
QOzF>j?]>/[e?]RX[e_\z&^ � ^@LVA-^M?O?]>@?O?]RX>/TCQ/YCQOzF[e?\?]NMDFLV_U>j?]QOD&ACo7[e?;[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ;QON3DFT&AC>/LV?]QV^@T&A7QOzF>jAF^@R7^@JM>AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT-^@T&A7QONXAC[e?O_ULO[IRX[IT&^@QO>%QOzF>j> vu>@_UQV?\^M?O_ULO[IS&>@AXQONX?][IQO>K> vu>@_UQV?\NML%QONBQOzF>B?]NMDFLV_U>K[IQV?]>/Htf�p\aQ\[e?\^@He?]N3[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\[IT7QOzF>j_/^M?]>jN f ?]D&_Vz9^B?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>j_UNMRXG&NP?]>@AXN f�?]>/nP>/LV^@H�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?�¥\[IQOz?][IRX[IHe^@LKR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>XQON��CTFN�¥!QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ3JM>/NMRX>/QOLOo�^@T&A QOzF>-?]HI[IG�AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT QON�^@QOQO>/RXGFQjQONDFT&AC>/LV?]QV^@T&AXQOzF>%[ITCQO>/LV^M_UQO[INMT&?�S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T3>/nP>/TCQV?UpPx;zF[e?;?]NMDFLV_U>K?]QOD&ACo3[e?;^@He?]NB^K[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ f�NML;QOzF>LO>/JM[INMT&^@H;QO>@_UQONMTF[e_/?W[ITCQO>/LOGFLO>/QV^@QO[INMTyYy^@T&A�AC[e?O_UD&?O?][INMT&?KNMT�QOzF> fh^@DFHIQKHINC_/^@QO[INMT&?j^@T&A�QOzF>7?]DFL�fh^M_U>NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?UpFd-NP?]Q"N f QOzF>%AF^@R7^@JM[ITFJK>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?2¥\zF[e_Vz3NC_/_UDFLOLO>@AB[IT�Z�DFLONMG&>B{5\aLOGF[ITF[e^CY�\aQV^@HIoPY,�. ]M� � k"NMLO[ITCQOzyY�a%LO>/>@_U>PY ,�. ]M� � l%[IJM[INMTyY�a%LO>/>@_U>PY ,�./.M| ^@T&A3l\QOzF>/T&?UY�a%LO>/>@_U>PY ,�././. �2¥;>/LO>\TFNMLOR7^@Hfh^@DFHIQO[ITFJW>/nP>/TCQV?Up� ;>/LOT&^@LVA >@3�46H�W { ,�./. �M�"?]QOD&AC[I>@AjQOzF>\R7^@[ITB_Vz&^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]QO[e_/?yN f QOzF>%l%[IJM[INMTB>@^@LOQOz �ZPD&^��P>%D&?][ITFJ�aWrg[&Y'[Cl b YPQO>/HI>@?]>/[e?]RX[e_"AF^@QV^j^@T&A%[ � ¥\^/nP>@?�G&NMHe^@LO[ � ^@QO[INMT&?"LO>@_UNMLVAC>@AB[IT3TF>@^@L�� s >/HeA�px;zF>%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?�N f ?]D&_VzXTFNMLOT&^@H�>/nP>/TCQV?�^@LO>%LV^@LO>PpC�FNML;QOzF>%RXNMRX>/TCQyQOzF>K?]QOD&AC[I>@?�R7^@[ITFHIoj_UNMT&_U>/LOT?]QOLO[��P>W?]HI[IG3>/nP>/TCQV?\{]=�^@T&AC>/LV?UY�=&NMR7^Kr�LO[I>/QV^CY'\aRXG&>/LO[e^@H%¡;^@HIHI>/o&�VpPd-NP?]Q;N f QOzF>WNMQOzF>/L;>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@??]QOD&AC[I>@A�^@LO>XQOzFLOD&?]Q3^@T&A�?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[INMT � NMTF>X>/nP>/TCQV?Up�x;zF>/LO> f�NMLO>3QOzF>7?]QOD&ACo�N f TFNMLOR7^@H">/nP>/TCQK[e?f�DFT&AF^@RX>/TCQV^@H f�NML%QOzF>B?]>/[e?]RX[e_%z&^ � ^@LVA-[IT_Z�DFLONMG&>Pp�xyNXNMDFL,�CTFN�¥\HI>@ACJM>j[IQ%[e?%^@He?]NXQOzF> s LV?]Q%QO[IRX>QOz&^@QKS&NMQOz�TF>@^@L s >/HeA-JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_B^@T&A�?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@H�AF^@QV^7^@LO>3[ITCnP>/LOQO>@AXQON-?]QOD&ACo9QOzF>3?]NMDFLV_U>3N fTFNMLOR7^@H�>/nP>/TCQV?Up
��������� ���� ��
;NMQOz9ACoCT&^@RX[e_%^@T&A9?]QV^@QO[e_KAF^@QV^3^@LO>j[ITCnP>/LOQO>@A�pClW?�fh^@LW^M?\JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_KAF^@QV^X^@LO>j_UNMT&_U>/LOTF>@A ¥;>D&?]>@A �%[tvu>/LO>/TCQO[e^@H�\aTCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_g[PoCTCQOzF>/QO[e_\l%G&>/LOQODFLO> b ^MAF^@LK{��G\aT([Cl b ��[IR7^@JM>@?�^@T&A�a%HINMS&^@Hr�NP?][IQO[INMTF[ITFJ=[PoF?]QO>/R {SaWrg[F��RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TPQV?Up@xyNB?]QOD&ACoBQOzF>\LODFGFQODFLO>%zF[e?]QONMLOoBNMTXQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ"GFHe^@TF>¥;>KD&?]>@AXTF>@^@L s >/HeAX?]QOLONMTFJXJMLONMDFT&A7RXNMQO[INMT&?"LO>@_UNMLVAC>@A7_UHINP?]>KQON3QOzF>j?]>/[e?]RX[e_\?]NMDFLV_U>@?Up
� � �2� � � �� ! &(���x;zF>$[Cl b [IR7^@JM>@?:¥;>/LO>-^M_/ZPDF[ILO>@A SCo�QOzF>_Z�DFLONMG&>@^@T�?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>%Z b [ � , ^@T&AqZ b [ � �Cp b ^�¥[IR7^@JM>@?:¥;>/LO>7GFLONC_U>@?O?]>@A�SCo�\]�La(^@T&Amk;� b � \ b Z;kgZ�JMLONMDFG&?BQON�GFLONCACD&_U>-[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R7?WSCoAC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U[ITFJ3QOzF>jGFz&^M?]>3S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T_[Cl b [IR7^@JM>@?;QV^��P>/T-S&> f�NMLO>3^@T&A9^�f�QO>/LWNMTF>BNMLK?]>/nP>/LV^@Hy>@^@LOQOz �ZPD&^��P>@?;N f�QOzF>j?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>Pp&x;zF>K[IR7^@JM>@?;NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A7GFLON@nC[eAC>j_UNMTCQONMDFLWR7^@G&?;N f QOzF>B_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQ\N f
QOzF>j?]DFL�fh^M_U>KAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ s >/HeAXG&^@LV^@HIHI>/H�QONBQOzF>KAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTXS&>/Q#¥;>/>/TXQOzF>WJMLONMDFT&A-^@T&AXQOzF>KLV^MAF^@LLO>/RXNMQO>W?]>/T&?]NML/p'Z"^M_Vz f�LO[ITFJM>K_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF?;QON3^@T7[ITCQO>/LOnM^@H&N f AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ�N f �6]Cpb�jRXR�QON�¥\^@LVAQOzF>K?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>\NML;[ITXQOzF>WNMGFG&NP?][IQO>KAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTypCx;zF>WnM^@LO[INMD&?;^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?"N f LV^MAF^@L\[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOoQON7_Vz&^@TFJM>@?\[IT_Z"^@LOQOzy`b?W?]DFL�fh^M_U>B^@LO>BAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@A7SCo-d9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/QW>/QW�F>/[IJMH"{ ,�./. ]P�Vpyl f�QO>/L%QOzF> s LV?]Q?]G&>@_UQV^M_UDFHe^@L%LO>@?]DFHIQV?\LO>/He^@QO[InP>KQON3QOzF>X=�^@T&AC>/LV?%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>3{ad9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q >@3C46H�W Y ,�./. �P�,�G\aT([Cl bQO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>%z&^M?;S&>/>/T-AC>/RXNMT&?]QOLV^@QO>@A3QONBS&>K^jG&N�¥;>/L�f�DFHyQONPNMHyQON3?]QOD&ACo7?]DFL�fh^M_U>KAC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT7ACDF>QONX>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?Up�x;zF>jR7^@[IT-^MACnM^@TCQV^@JM>3N f�[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLO[I_WAF^@QV^3[e?\QOz&^@QWQOzF>/o-ACNXTFNMQWD&?]>B[IT&? �QOLODFRX>/TCQV^@QO[INMTBNMT7QOzF>%JMLONMDFT&A�p&x;zF>ws LV?]Q;[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R�NMSFQV^@[ITF>@AXACDFLO[ITFJjQOzF>Lc%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � ��
?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>%[e?;AC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@AX^@T&AX[ITCQO>/LOGFLO>/QO>@ABSCo%[PQOLV^@RXNMT&ACN >@3O46H�W { ,�././. �Vp�[C^@HInC[ >@3g46H�W {a�M�M�M�P�;G&>/L��f�NMLORX>@A9TF>�¥!^M?O_U>/T&AC[ITFJ9^@T&A AC>@?O_U>/T&AC[ITFJ-[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R7?WQON9_UNMRXGFHI>/QO>BQOzF>X[ITCQO>/LOGFLO>/QV^@QO[INMT�N f[Cl b AF^@QV^Cp�\aT�QOzF>3GFLO>@?]>/TCQWG&^@G&>/L@¥;>3HI[IRX[IQ\NMDFLB?]QOD&ACo9QON-QOzF>B[ITCQO>/LOGFLO>/QV^@QO[INMT�N f �7[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LON �JMLV^@R7?UpFx;zF> s LV?]Q\NMTF>K[e?;NMSFQV^@[ITF>@AXSCo7^B� | � AF^/o�Z b [C�BAC>@?O_U>/T&AC[ITFJB[IR7^@JM>%G&^@[ILK{S[PQOLV^@RXNMT&ACN >@346H�W Y ,�././. �W^@T&A9_UN@nP>/LV?;QOzF>jG&>/LO[INCA-S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T_[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/LW�B^@T&A��W_UQONMS&>/L , �Cp��FLO[ITFJM>@?\NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A[ITXQOzF[e?�[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R ^@LO>WR7^@[ITFHIoBACDF>WQONjQOzF>KAC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�s >/HeABN f QOzF>W�jR7^@[IT3>/nP>/TCQV?�N f [P>/G �QO>/R3S&>/L;�M�Cp ,�. �3G&NM[ITCQV?\^@LO>K>/ECQOLV^M_UQO>@A�f�LONMR!QOzF>K[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R![IT7^@LO>@^M?G¥\zF>/LO>WQOzF>j_UNMzF>/LO>/T&_Uo[e?"JMNPNCA7>/TFNMDFJMz-^@T&A3QOzF>wf�LO[ITFJM>@?;_/^@T-_UHI>@^@LOHIojS&>W[eAC>/TCQO[ts >@A�pCx;zF>W>/ECQOLV^M_UQO>@ABG&NM[ITCQV?;^@LO>KHINC_/^@QO>@ANMT7QOzF>Wz&^@TFJM[ITFJ[¥\^@HIH�?][eAC>WN f QOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ\^@T&AX[IT&AC[e_/^@QO>W^@T7[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>%N f QOzF>KAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>WS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T3QOzF>>@^@LOQOz-?]DFL�fh^M_U>j^@T&A7QOzF>K?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>PpCx;zF[e?\NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT-_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF?%QON3^BAC>��u^@QO[INMT-N f QOzF>KJMLONMDFT&A?]DFL�fh^M_U>W^@S&N@nP>WQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ;_UNMT&?][e?]QO>/TCQM¥\[IQOz3QOzF>%TFNMLOR7^@H fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJBk;d9x�?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?;^@T&A3QOzF>%>/ECQO>/T �?][INMT&^@H"QO>@_UQONMTF[e_jN f QOzF>3LO>/JM[INMTyp�c%T f�NMLOQODFT&^@QO>/HIo-TFNMTF>%[Cl b [IR7^@JM>@¥\^M?j^M_/ZPDF[ILO>@A-S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T9QOzF>Q#¥;NjR7^@[ITB>/nP>/TCQV?�N f [P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L"�M�CpFx;zF[e?;R7^��P>@?�_UNMRXGFDFHe?]NMLOoBQONB_UNMT&?][eAC>/L;QOzF>%Q#¥;Nj>/nP>/TCQV?�[ITX^?][ITFJMHI>WRXNCAC>/Hap¦�>ws T&^@HIHIoXD&?]>@A7^B?]>@_UNMT&AX[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO[ITFJjQOzF>K?O_/^@He^@LWAC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTs >/HeAj[ITjQOzF>\JMLONMDFT&A3QONK?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>\^@EC[e?�RXNCACDFHINWz&^@HtfuQOzF>G¥\^/nP>;HI>/TFJMQOzBN f QOzF>\LV^MAF^@L"LO>/RXNMQO>;?]>/T&?]NMLS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T�l%DFJMD&?]Q . ^@T&A��W_UQONMS&>/L , �Pp-\aQj[e?j^_Z b [ , � Z b [C���@��� AF^/o ^M?O_U>/T&AC[ITFJ-[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R{S[C^@HInC[ >@3�46H�W YP�M�M�M�P�Vp¦�>\D&?]>@ABQOzF>W�M�M�KnM^@HIDF>@?�>/ECQOLV^M_UQO>@A f�LONMR f�LO[ITFJM>@?�^@T&A3[ITCnP>/LOQO>@AWQOzF>@?]>WAF^@QV^G&NM[ITCQV?\LO>/He^@QO[InP>WQON3QOzF>=[P>/HIHe^@TFN3LO>/JM[INMT7QONX^M_/_U>@?O?\QON3QOzF>j?]HI[IG-AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT-NMT-QOzF> fh^@DFHIQWACDF>KQONQOzF>B�W_UQONMS&>/L , �3>/nP>/TCQ/p��� �q� ! !
[P>/nP>/LV^@H�aWrg[3G&NM[ITCQV?G¥;>/LO>K?]>/Q\DFG-^@T&A7RX>@^M?]DFLO>@A3S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T ,�./. �3^@T&A ,�./. �3[IT%\aQV^@HIo3SCoXQOzF>\]?]QO[IQODFQON=a%>/NMJMLV^�su_UN3d-[IHI[IQV^@LO>K{5\EaWd_\O��^@T&A3QOzF>W?]QV^@QO[INMT&?;HINC_/^@QO>@AB[IT3QOzF>%>/GF[e_U>/TCQOLV^@HFLO>/JM[INMT ¥;>/LO>RX>@^M?]DFLO>@A3^@JP^@[ITX[IT ,�./. �KSCoBQOzF>L\]?]QO[IQODFQONj�W^ � [INMT&^@HI>WAC[�a%>/N su?][e_/^3{5\]�LaK��ACDFLO[ITFJB^@T&AX^�f�QO>/L;QOzF>?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>Pp@x;zF>CaWrg[KTF>/Q#¥;NMLE�F?�{5\EaWd .M| ^@T&ABx � b aGZ;�W�GZ"x%��QOzF>\AF^@QV^%GFLONC_U>@?O?][ITFJ%GFLONC_U>@ACDFLO>@?^@T&A9QOzF>X_UNMRXGFDFQO>@A9AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ\LO>/He^@QO>@A-QON7QOzF>�c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>j?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>3^@LO>X?]zFN�¥\T�^@T&AAC[e?O_UD&?O?]>@A7SCo-l%T � [eAC>/[ >@3C46H�W {a�M�M�M�P�W^@T&A7RXNCAC>/HIHI>@A3SCo-�%DFT&?]QV^MA >@3O46H�W { ,�././. � � [PQOLV^@RXNMT&ACN >@346H�W { ,�././. �\^@T&A_[C^@HInC[ >@3O46H�W {a�M�M�M�P�Vp�( � ����& � � ������� �y�' �������
\aT QOzF[e?B?]QOD&ACot¥;>7D&?]>@A�QOzF>9?]QOLONMTFJ�JMLONMDFT&A RXNMQO[INMT�AF^@QV^9LO>@_UNMLVAC>@A�¥\[IQOzF[IT��M���CR f�LONMRQOzF>B>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/L%N f QOzF>3>/nP>/TCQV?Up¦�>BR7^@[ITFHIo7D&?]>@A9QOzF>3TF>@^@Lj?]NMDFLV_U>3^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_KAC[IJM[IQV^@H"AF^@QV^LO>@_UNMLVAC>@Am^@Q7lW?O?][e?][j{alL[C� , �P�X^@T&Ak">/LOLO>/QON AC[L[PG&NMHI>/QON�{]kgZ b x%�BQON [ITCnP>@?]QO[IJP^@QO>7QOzF>�?]G&^@QO[IN �QO>/RXG&NMLV^@H�_Vz&^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]QO[e_/?�N f QOzF>K?]NMDFLV_U>K^@Q;HIN�¥ f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoPpPx;zF>M[ � ¥\^/nP>%G&NMHe^@LO[ � ^@QO[INMT&?\^@T&A3QOzF>^@GFG&^@LO>/TCQX?]NMDFLV_U>9QO[IRX> f�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?3^@Q3QOzF>@?]>-Q#¥;N�?]QV^@QO[INMT&?Z¥;>/LO>-D&?]>@A SCo &NMHIHIN >@3�46H�W { ,�././. �QON�_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT QOzF>XHINC_/^@QO[INMT N fwQOzF> f�LV^M_UQODFLO>XNMLO[IJM[IT G&NM[ITCQ/Y�QOzF> fh^@DFHIQBJM>/NMRX>/QOLOoPY�QOzF> s T&^@H\?]HI[IGAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTyY�?][ � >7^@T&A�RX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R�N f QOzF>XQ#¥;N->/nP>/TCQV?WN f�[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L/Yy�M�Cp-\aT�NMDFL3?]QOD&ACoPYT¥;>
� � � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
D&?]>@A7NMQOzF>/LW?]QV^@QO[INMT&?G¥\[IQOz9^BHIN�¥;>/L�¥;>/[IJMzCQ%^@T&A-?]NMRX>/QO[IRX>,¥\[IQOz-^BTF>/JMHI[IJM[ISFHI>6¥;>/[IJMzCQG¥\zF>/T-QOzF>^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMJMLV^@R7?6¥;>/LO>3[IT&_UNMRXGFHI>/QO>BNMLjG&>/LOQODFLOS&>@A�SCo�[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQj?][IQO>X> vu>@_UQV?Up�x;zF>@?]>XTF>@^@L s >/HeAACoCT&^@RX[e_%AF^@QV^B^@LO>WLO>/HI>/nM^@TCQ;QONBHINPN��X^@Q\QOzF>KAC>/QO>/LORX[ITF[e?]QO[e_;?]NMDFLV_U>K>/RX[e?O?][INMT&?"^@Q\HIN�¥ f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoPpx;zF>P¥\^/nP> f�NMLOR7?KLO>@_UNMLVAC>@A _UHINP?]>XQON�QOzF>-?]NMDFLV_U>-^@LO>-[IT&AC>/>@A�nP>/LOo�LO[e_Vz S&>@_/^@D&?]>7>@^M_Vz G&^@LOQ3N fQOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ;[e?"NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A[¥\[IQOz7^B_U>/LOQV^@[ITX^@GFG&^@LO>/TCQ;RX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R¨¥\zF[IHI>W^@Q\QO>/HI>@?]>/[e?]RX[e_"AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>WQOzF>a%LO>/>/Ty`b? f�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?;_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AC[ITFJBQONBAC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ"G&^@LOQ;N f QOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ\^@LO>%[eAC>/TCQO[e_/^@H&^@G&^@LOQ f�LONMR!NMTF>GFz&^M?]>X?]zF[tf�Q/pyl\QK?]D&_Vz�^7_UHINP?]>3AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>BQON7QOzF>X?]NMDFLV_U>PY�Z�RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H-a%LO>/>/T��FDFT&_UQO[INMT�^@GFGFLONP^M_Vz[e?KHI[IRX[IQO>@A-ACDF>XQON-QOzF[e?j^@GFG&^@LO>/TCQB?]NMDFLV_U>XG&^@QOQO>/LOT nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT�LO>@_UNMLVAC>@A9SCo�QOzF>7?]QOLONMTFJ9JMLONMDFT&ARXNMQO[INMTB?]>/T&?]NML"[ITBQO[IRX>Pp@lW?�^W_UNMT&?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PY@QOzF>Ga%LO>/>/Ty`b? f�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?�^@LO>\>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@AKTCDFRX>/LO[e_/^@HIHIoMp ;>@_/^@D&?]>BN f QOzF>3AC[�� _UDFHIQ]o7[IT9RXNCAC>/HIHI[ITFJ3zF[IJMz f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_U[I>@?UYFQOzF>XAF^@QV^7^@LO>3[ITCQO>/JMLV^@QO>@A-Q#¥\[e_U>jQONAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?UpPx;zF>B?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R7?"^@LO>jQOzF>/T7S&^@T&A��hG&^M?O? s HIQO>/LO>@A3S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T-�Cp , ^@T&A , p | � � p&x;zF>?O_/^@QOQO>/LO[ITFJ�[e?jTFNMQ3QV^��P>/T [ITCQON�^M_/_UNMDFTCQB[IT NMDFL , �a��?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>7RXNCAC>/H%AC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@A�[IT QOzF>7TF>/ECQ?]>@_UQO[INMTyY"_UNMT&?]>@ZPDF>/TCQOHIo�NMTFHIo QOzF>7S&>/JM[ITFTF[ITFJ�N f QOzF>-?][IJMT&^@He?3_/^@T�S&>-[ITCnP>/LOQO>@A�p-\aT GFLV^M_UQO[e_U>PY�^QO[IRX>G¥\[IT&ACN�¥�[e?;^@GFGFHI[I>@AX^@Q;QOzF>WS&>/JM[ITFTF[ITFJBN f >@^M_Vz7?][IJMT&^@HapFx;zF>KHI>/TFJMQOzXN f QOzF>6¥\[IT&ACN�¥�R7^@[ITFHIoAC>/G&>/T&AF?yNMTKQOzF>;AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>"S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TWQOzF>;?]NMDFLV_U>;^@T&AKQOzF>;_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@AK?]QV^@QO[INMTyp@l%TFNMQOzF>/Ly[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQGFLONMSFHI>/R�QOz&^@Q�¥;>\z&^MA3QON fh^M_U>%[IT3?]QOD&ACoC[ITFJKQOzF>%LODFGFQODFLO>%GFLONC_U>@?O?"[e?�QOzF>%He^M_/�jN f ^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>WQO[IRX[ITFJ[IT�QOzF>-?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@H\AF^@QV^Cp;x;zF[e?BQO[IRX>X[e?BTF>/nP>/LOQOzF>/HI>@?O?KN f _ULOD&_U[e^@H\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@T&_U>XQON�_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITQOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO> f�LONMTCQ\GFLONMJMLO>@?O?][INMT�^@T&A7QOzF>KHINC_/^@H�?]HI[IG-ACDFLV^@QO[INMTyp�xyNX^M?O?]>@?O?\QOzF>j^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>jQO[IRX>wf�NML>@^M_Vz�?][IJMT&^@H�¥;>7_UNMRXGFDFQO>@A-QOzF>XQOzF>/NMLO>/QO[e_/^@H"^@LOLO[InM^@H;QO[IRX>jN fwQOzF>XAC[ILO>@_UQjr�^@T&A�[�¥\^/nP>@?wf�LONMRQOzF>KzCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L\QON3QOzF>KLO>@_UNMLVAC[ITFJ3?][IQO>@?Up%¦�>KGF[e_/�P>@ABQOzF>Brt¥\^/nP>j^@LOLO[InM^@HyQO[IRX>@?2¥\zF>/T-QOzF>/o7^@LO>GFLO>@?]>/TCQ;NMTXQOzF>WDFT s HIQO>/LO>@AX^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMJMLV^@R7?Up�¦�>WJM>/TF>/LV^@HIHIo3?]D&_/_U>/>@AC>@A3QONjGF[e_/�BQOzF>M[Z¥\^/nP>,¥\zF>/TQOzF>%AF^@QV^WR7^/oKz&^/nP>\S&>/>/TBQOLO[IJMJM>/LO>@AjSCojHe^@QO>G¥\^/nP>%^@LOLO[InM^@He?�LV^@QOzF>/L�QOz&^@T3SCojQOzF>\TCD&_UHI>@^@QO[INMT7{ QOzF[e?_UNMT&_U>/LOT7R7^@[ITFHIojQOzF>jAC[IJM[IQO[e?]>@AX^@T&^@HINMJM[e_/^@HyLO>@_UNMLVAF?V�Vp&x;zF>W>/LOLONML\NMT-QOzF>K^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>jQO[IRX>\[e?;N f QOzF>NMLVAC>/LjN f �Cpb�-?]>@_UNMT&A f�NMLjAC[IJM[IQV^@H;?]QV^@QO[INMT&?KSFDFQB_/^@T�S&>3N f QOzF>3NMLVAC>/LjN f , ?]>@_UNMT&A�NMLKRXNMLO>�f�NML?]NMRX>K^@T&^@HINMJM[e_/^@H�?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R7?M¥\zF>/LO>WQOzF>=[7^@LOLO[InM^@H�_/^@T7TFNMQW_UHI>@^@LOHIo3S&>KGF[e_/�P>@A�p
��������� ���� ���� �� �� ������ ��� ���� �
�FNMLK_UNMT&?][e?]QO>/T&_Uo-LO>@^M?]NMT&?WQOzF>B?O^@RX>B_ULOD&?]QK^@T&A�?]NMDFLV_U>BG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMT-[e?%D&?]>@Agf�NMLWS&NMQOz?]QV^@QO[e_K^@T&AP�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_;RXNCAC>/HIHI[ITFJB^@T&A-^@HIHyQOzF>K>/nP>/TCQV?Up
�( � � + ��� �������� #x;zF>7G&NM[ITCQ3?]NMDFLV_U>_a%LO>/>/T f�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?j^@LO>-_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO>@A f�NML3^9He^/oP>/LO>@A9nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o9RXNCAC>/H"D&?][ITFJ
QOzF>jAC[e?O_ULO>/QO>6¥\^/nP>/TCDFR3S&>/L"[ITCQO>/JMLV^@QO[INMTXRX>/QOzFNCA9{� ;NMD&_VzFNMTyY ,�. ] , �\^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@AP¥\[IQOz7QOzF>KLO>�� >@_ �QO[INMT9QOLV^@T&?]RX[e?O?][INMT-R7^@QOLO[IE3RX>/QOzFNCA�{��W>/TFTF>/QOQ/Y ,�. ]M�P�Vpyx;zF>3_ULOD&?]QV^@H�RXNCAC>/HyD&?]>@A-[IT-QOzF[e?W?]QOD&ACo{ax�^@SFHI>3�Pp , �;[e?\^X���hHe^/oP>/L\RXNCAC>/H�N@nP>/L%^Bz&^@Htf�?]G&^M_U>B^@He?]N3D&?]>@A7SCoU�%>@?O_Vz&^@RXG&? >@3O46H�W {a�M�M�M�P� f�NML^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�-HINC_/^@QO[INMT&?K^@T&A9QOzF>BQV^��P> �hN v ^@TFJMHI>3>/nM^@HID&^@QO[INMT9NMT�QOzF>�f�NC_/^@H;?]GFzF>/LO>Pp(\aT9NMDFLj?]QOD&ACoPY
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � �%�
*�+-,�.��Pp , / 4�m�F�HI4�D � >@HI8���7�35x�A=8 <�>@H�F6; >E<�z|8�DM39?�>�79: � >KDE;�798�:�8 z�;K3546357��_Q ¢ ��1q4�:'< � �K:�1'�,£ U4�:'<�<�x6:'4�A=7��L<�>�z|8�DKA=4635798�:�;�Q9;K35DE8�:6��A=8635798�:�<�46354VU D@>��@8�DE<�>E<M<�F�DK79:6��39?�> ��A=4�79:�;@?'8�����;L8 z039?�>�-A=m�DK7946t�o$4�D��@?�>C; >Ep�F'>K: �K>�W
�%>/GFQOzyYFR ¡WGyYCRU§@? ¡K?UYCRU§@? � Y&� " �@� � � G � ? [PzF>@^@L%RXNCACDFHID&?UYFr�^�Cp ��]M�M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp �M�M�Cp �M�M�Cp , �^] | � , � � ��P�M�M�Cp |M| �M�Cp �M� |M| p �6]M�M�Cp | �M�Cp | �M�Cp �C�b� , � , �x� ��@�M�M�Cp �M�M�M�Cp � | �M�Cp � . �M�Cp | �M�Cp | �M�Cp �C� |M| � , �x� ��M�M�M�M�Cp ]M�M�M�Cp �M�M�M�Fp � , �M�Cp | �M�Cp | �M�Cp �C� , ��� , �x� �
QOzF[e?�RXNCAC>/HF[e?"D&?]>@ABQONB_UNMRXGFDFQO>\QOzF>W?]QV^@QO[e_%AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?\{��G\aT([Cl b ^@T&A%aWrg[BRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQV?V�^@T&A7ACoCT&^@RX[e_\RXNMQO[INMT&?%{ TF>@^@L s >/HeAX?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@H�AF^@QV^P�Vp�x;zF>WnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT7N f QOzF>K?]zF>@^@L\RXNCACDFHID&?¥\[IQOz9AC>/GFQOz-[e?\[IT&AC>/>@AXQV^��P>/T-[ITCQONX^M_/_UNMDFTCQ f�NML%QOzF>jRXNMRX>/TCQ"LO>/HI>@^M?]>@A7_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO[INMTyp&x;zF>3?]QOLOD&_ �QODFLO>;RXNCAC>/HC[e?�^@He?]NWD&?]>@AjQONW>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>"QOzF>\^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>\QO[IRX>"[ITjQOzF>\AF^@QV^Cp�cW?]D&^@HIHIoPY@QOzF>;[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?�N fJM>/NCAC>/QO[e_KAF^@QV^3^@LO>KR7^MAC>W[IT-^@T7zFNMRXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&?\z&^@Htf ?]G&^M_U>KS&>@_/^@D&?]>KQOzF>KQOLV^@T&? f�>/L f�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?%_/^@TS&>%_UNMRXGFDFQO>@A fh^M?]QO>/L"D&?][ITFJK^@TX^@T&^@HIoCQO[e_/^@H f�NMLOR3DFHe^@QO[INMTyp@�%N�¥;>/nP>/L/Y/QOzF>%_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO[INMT&?�_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO[ITFJ^@TXzFNMRXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&?"z&^@Htf ?]G&^M_U>WNML\^j?]QOLV^@QO[ts >@A3RX>@AC[IDFR�HI>@^MABQONB?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQOHIo3AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ"LO>@?]DFHIQV?"^M??]zFN�¥\T3SCo�[C^/nM^@JM>j{ ,�./. ]P�"^@T&A7k;^@QOQO[IT >@3�46H�W { ,�././. � f�NML"QOzF>%AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT s >/HeAB^@T&A ;>/He^@LVAC[ITF>/HIHI[>@3O46H�W { ,�././. ��f�NML%QOzF>jACoCT&^@RX[e_%?]QOLO>@?O?%_Vz&^@TFJM>K[IT7QOzF>j_/^M?]>KN f QOzF>M\aLOGF[ITF[e^=[P>@ZPDF>/T&_U>Pp
! � # �� ! � ! ��� ��� ��� ! �����x;zF>�fh^@DFHIQV?K^@LO>3AC[InC[eAC>@A7[ITCQON7?]>/nP>/LV^@H�?OZPD&^@LO>X?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?K_UNMRXG&NP?]>@A-N f�G&NM[ITCQK?]NMDFLV_U>@?K?]>/G&^��
LV^@QO>@A SCo HI>@?O?BQOz&^@T��M�M��RX>/QO>/LV?jQON�?][IR3DFHe^@QO>XQOzF>9ACoCT&^@RX[e_ ¥\^/nP> s >/HeA DFG�QON , � | ~! Fp\x;zF[e?AC[e?O_ULO>/QO[ � ^@QO[INMT _UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF?BQON�?][IE�G&NM[ITCQV?jG&>/L3?]zFNMLOQO>@?]QZ¥\^/nP>/HI>/TFJMQOz�{������ � , ]M�M���-�Vp;x;zF>?]NMDFLV_U>wf�DFT&_UQO[INMTX^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@AXQONj>@^M_VzX?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ;[e?"_VzFNP?]>/TXQONjS&>W^j?]RXNPNMQOzXLV^@RXGXAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>@A[¥\[IQOzQOzFLO>/>\G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?;{#� Y�& ^@T&A��
�Vp�� _UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF?"QONKQOzF>W^/nP>/LV^@JM>%?]HI[IG3^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>;NMT3QOzF>W�����?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ/Y�QOzF[e?\G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L%RXNCACDFHe^@QO>jQOzF> s T&^@H"^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>KN f�QOzF>jHINC_/^@H"?]NMDFLV_U>BQO[IRX>wf�DFT&_UQO[INMTyp& [e?KQOzF>XLO[e?]>3QO[IRX>PYy^@T&A _UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF?jQON9QOzF>XHINC_/^@H\ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�N fwQOzF>XLODFGFQODFLO>Pp�x;zF>XLODFGFQODFLO>QO[IRX>�� [e?;QOzF>j^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>jQO[IRX>W^@Q,¥\zF[e_VzXQOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>KHINC_/^@HIHIo7?]QV^@LOQV?Up���� � ! � �������� #�# ����&
\aTXNMDFL\RXNCAC>/HaYMQOzF>K?]QV^@QO[e_%JMLONMDFT&A7AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�����^@Q%^KG&NM[ITCQ �"{��G\aT([Cl b NMLGaWrg[BRX>@^M?]D �LO>/RX>/TCQU��[e?;LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@AX^M?%^B?]DFR(N f ��?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ%_UNMTCQOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT&?�����]{-���P�"��� � ���
�]{-���P��� {]�Pp , �¥\zF>/LO> �
�a{9�m�P��LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQV?�QOzF>%?]QV^@QO[e_\JMLONMDFT&AXAC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT7{-���P� f�NML;^KDFTF[IQ"_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ
� �� � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
?]HI[IG7NMT7QOzF>j?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ,��p\aT-QOzF>B?O^@RX>:¥\^/oPYFQOzF>BACoCT&^@RX[e_%JMLONMDFT&A-RXNMQO[INMT ���"^@QW^BG&NM[ITCQ��%{ TF>@^@L s >/HeA-?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R-�
[e?;LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@AX^M?%^3?]DFR N f ��?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ%_UNMTCQOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT&?�����]{y�"��� � � �
�]{y��� >/ECGK{ � {a��� y�� � � {#& � y� {]�Ppb�P�¥\zF>/LO> �
�]{y�yLO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQV?yQOzF>;JMLONMDFT&ABRXNMQO[INMT f�NML"^%DFTF[IQ"_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ"?]HI[IGjNMT3?]DFS fh^@DFQ2� f�NML�QOzF>f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo f�p � [e?�QOzF>W?]NMDFLV_U> f�DFT&_UQO[INMTXAC> s TF>@AB[IT3QOzF> f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UojACNMR7^@[ITZ¥\[IQOzX^K_/^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]QO[e_ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�>@ZPD&^@H�QONXQOzF>BLO[e?]>BQO[IRX>%& p(Z"^M_Vz�?]DFS fh^@DFHIQK[e?\NMTFHIo9^@HIHIN�¥;>@A7QON-?]HI[IG-NMT&_U>3?]RXNPNMQOzFHIoPpx;zF>3?]NMDFLV_U>�f�DFT&_UQO[INMT�� [e?\RXNCACDFHe^@QO>@A7SCo-QOzF>B?]HI[IG�^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>%� ^@T&A-[e?W?]zF[tf�QO>@A7[IT9QO[IRX>WSCoQOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>KQO[IRX>�� p� ��(��� �������q��� � + ������� ���x;zF>%[ITCnP>/LV?]>;GFLONMSFHI>/R�_UNMT&?][e?]QV?�[ITBRX[ITF[IRX[I?][ITFJ\QOzF>%AC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U>\S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TBQOzF>%^M_UQOD&^@H�AF^@QV^K^@T&A
QOz&^@Q\_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO>@A[¥\[IQOzX^ f�NMLE¥\^@LVA3RXNCAC>/HapPx;zF>WDFT%�CTFN�¥\T3G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?�[IT3NMDFL;RXNCAC>/H&^@LO>WQOzF>W?]HI[IG^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>PYPQOzF>KLO[e?]>KQO[IRX>W^@T&A7QOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>KQO[IRX>W^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@A7QON3>@^M_Vz7?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ/p�FNML%JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_jAF^@QV^CY�QOzF>KG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L\nP>@_UQONML\R�^@T&A-QOzF>BAF^@QV^3nP>@_UQONML%A-^@LO>jHI[ITF>@^@LOHIo3LO>/He^@QO>@A
SCo3QOzF>%NMG&>/LV^@QONML � ^M? � � �9pCx;zF>W>/HI>/RX>/TCQV?yN f AX^@LO>WQOzF>MaWrg[BRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQV?y[ITXQOzF>GZ"^M?]Q/Y�%NMLOQOz ^@T&A�¡">/LOQO[e_/^@H;AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT&?j^@T&A�QOzF>U�G\aT([Cl b AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?K[IT�QOzF>XJMLONMDFT&A QON9?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>^@EC[e?Up%¦�> f�NMHIHIN�¥x�^@LV^@TCQONMHe^C`b?K{ ,�. ]P�M��f�NMLOR3DFHe^@QO[INMTXQONX_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO>WQOzF>KRXNCAC>/H�>/ECG&>@_UQV^@QO[INMT-�9p�(��� �! m{ � � � � �� � "� � �� � � � � � � � �� { � � � �U� {]�Ppb�P�
¥\zF>/LO> � ��^@T&A � � ^@LO>3QOzF>3_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>BR7^@QOLO[IE f�NMLj��^@T&A p�l�_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQj?]HI[IG9NMT�^@HIH�QOzF>?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ"[IT3^@JMLO>/>/RX>/TCQT¥\[IQOzBQOzF>\RXNMRX>/TCQy>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>;[e?�JM>/TF>/LV^@HIHIoB_VzFNPNP?]>/T�f�NML"QOzF>\[ITF[IQO[e^@HCRXNCAC>/H� �/p�FNMLB?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@H"AF^@QV^CYT¥;>XD&?]>@A9QOzF>X[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�?O_VzF>/RX>BGFLONMG&NP?]>@A�SCo {]k"NMQOQONMT >/QBk;^@R �
GF[IHIHINFY ,�./.M| �@¥\zF[e_Vz�[e?jS&^M?]>@A�NMT QOzF>XTFNMT�HI[ITF>@^@LK[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�[IT�QOzF> f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo�ACNMR7^@[IT�N fwQOzF>_UNMRXGFHI>/QO>�s >/HeA�N f QOzF>-?]QOLONMTFJ9RXNMQO[INMT�LO>@_UNMLVAF?j[ITCQO>/JMLV^@QO>@A9[IT AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ/pyx;zF>XG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LnP>@_UQONMLWR�^@T&A�QOzF>XAF^@QV^7nP>@_UQONMLjA�^@LO>3LO>/He^@QO>@A9SCo-QOzF>3RXNCAC>/H�NMG&>/LV^@QONML " ^M? � "u{a�-�Vp�x;zF>>/HI>/RX>/TCQ\N f A9^@LO>3LO>@^@H"^@T&A�[IR7^@JM[IT&^@LOo7G&^@LOQV?KN f QOzF>3?]G&>@_UQOLODFR�[IT�AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ\S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T9�Cp ,^@T&A , p | � � N fuQOzF>%?]>/HI>@_UQO>@Aj�W_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQ�?]QV^@QO[INMT&?UpPx;zF>\JKNMG&>/LV^@QONML"[e?�^WTFNMT �hHI[ITF>@^@L f�DFT&_UQO[INMTBN f� ^@T&A & p'\hf_¥;>K^M?O?]DFRX>j^@T7[ITF[IQO[e^@H�G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L"nP>@_UQONML\� �@Y¥;>j_/^@T7JM>/Q\QOzF>W[IQO>/LV^@QO[InP>K?]NMHIDFQO[INMT� ��� � SCo9HI[ITF>@^@LO[e?O^@QO[INMT�N f�" ^@LONMDFT&A�� �B^@QjQOzF>�s LV?]Qj[IQO>/LV^@QO[INMT�^@T&A�^@LONMDFT&A � �;^@Qj>@^M_Vz�?]DFS �?]>@ZPDF>/TCQ�[IQO>/LV^@QO[INMT��Op�cW?][ITFJWQOzF>\[IQO>/LV^@QO[InP>"[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTB^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR�S&^M?]>@ABNMTBQOzF>G¥;NMLE�jN f x�^@LV^@TCQONMHe^{ ,�. ]P�M�%� ��� � [e?;JM[InP>/TXSCo��
� ��� � ��� �� ��@{�� �� � � �� � �� "� � �� � � � {�� �� � � �� { "u{a� � ��� �/� "� � �� {a� ��� � �U� {]�Pp �C�
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � � �
¥\zF>/LO>jS-[e?\^XAF^@RXGF[ITFJ3_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ%S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T-�3^@T&A , D&?]>@A7QONXGFLO>/nP>/TCQ\AC[InP>/LOJM>/T&_U>B{'¥;>jz&^/nP>_VzFNP?]>/T�S��W�Cpb� | �Vp � �%[e?BQOzF> } ^M_UNMSF[e^@T�R7^@QOLO[IE�N f�"u{a� � �Vp;l%HIH;QOzF>9AC>/LO[InM^@QO[InP>@?B^@LO>->/nM^@HID&^@QO>@A^@T&^@HIoCQO[e_/^@HIHIo3[IT7QOzF> f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoXACNMR7^@[ITyp
������� � � ��� � � � ���� ������� � � � �� � �� ����� � ��� �
� �������� � + � ! ! ����(��� �������aWrg[3AF^@QV^jN f QOzF>Lc%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>\?]>/[e?]RX[e_;?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>%^@LO>K^/nM^@[IHe^@SFHI>%NMTFHIo3QONjRXNCAC>/HFQOzF>WQ#¥;N
k"NMHts NMLO[IQONjR7^@[ITB?]zFNC_/�F?%{S[C^@HInC[ >@3�46H�W YC�M�M�M�P�VpFx;zF>WJMNP^@H&N f QOzF[e?�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTjN f aWrg[3^@T&AZ�G\aT([Cl bAF^@QV^3?]>/QV?;[e?;QONX_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT-AC[e?]HINC_/^@QO[INMT-RXNCAC>/He?"R7^@QV_VzF[ITFJKQOzF>KQ#¥;N3AF^@QV^3?]>/QV?\[IT&AC>/G&>/T&AC>/TCQOHIoBNMLQONMJM>/QOzF>/L/p��FNMLZ�G\aT([Cl b AF^@QV^U¥;>7z&^/nP>X>/ECQOLV^M_UQO>@A ,�. ��AF^@QV^9G&NM[ITCQV? f�LONMR�QOzF>X[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R?]zFN�¥\[ITFJ-QOzF>7?O_/^@He^@LBAC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT s >/HeA9[IT�QOzF>XJMLONMDFT&A�QON�?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>3^@EC[e?KS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T�[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L�3^@T&A��W_UQONMS&>/L , �XQON7[ITCnP>@?]QO[IJP^@QO>KQOzF>BQ#¥;NXR7^@[IT9?]zFNC_/�F?WN f [P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L%�M�CpyxyN7>@^M_Vz9G&NM[ITCQW[e?^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@A-^@T->/LOLONML%>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>%[ITCQOLONCACD&_U>@AXQOzFLONMDFJMz9QOzF>jAC[e^@JMNMT&^@H�>/HI>/RX>/TCQV?�N f R7^@QOLO[IE�� � p%¦�>z&^/nP>7_VzFNP?]>/T ^9?]QV^@T&AF^@LVA�AC>/nC[e^@QO[INMT�>@ZPD&^@H;QON��-_UR f�NMLB>@^M_Vzt�G\aT([Cl b G&NM[ITCQ/p��FNMLBQOzF>�aWrg[>/LOLONMLM¥;>\LO> f�>/L"QONKQOzF>%>/LOLONML">@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@?yN f �%DFT&?]QV^MA >@3�46H�W { ,�././. �Vp¦�>W^M?O?]DFRX>\QOz&^@Q\^@HIHFQOzF>WAF^@QV^^@LO>X[IT&AC>/G&>/T&AC>/TCQ3{ N v AC[e^@JMNMT&^@H\>/HI>/RX>/TCQV?\>@ZPD&^@H\�7[IT�QOzF> � � R7^@QOLO[IE&�Vp�¦�>7^@He?]N9[ITCQOLONCACD&_U>X^LO>/He^@QO[InP>�¥;>/[IJMzCQ"QONj^@HIH&QOzF>WAF^@QV^CpCx;zF>ws T&^@H&nM^@HIDF>@?"^MACNMGFQO>@AX^@LO>W^ fh^M_UQONML , f�NML��G\aT([Cl b G&NM[ITCQV?UY^�fh^M_UQONML , � f�NMLWQOzF>BzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@H�_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQV?\N f ��aWrg[-?]QV^@QO[INMT&?wf�NML6¥\zF[e_Vz-QOzF>BAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ[e?W?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQOHIo-zF[IJMzF>/LKQOz&^@T�QOzF>B>/LOLONMLK>/HIHI[IG&?]>X{a?]QV^@QO[INMT&?Bk b �Kk^@T&A�r�Z"�W�K�VY�^ fh^M_UQONML | f�NMLzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@HOaWrg[-G&NM[ITCQV?K[IT�QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQKnC[e_U[ITF[IQ]o f�NML:¥\zF[e_Vz�QOzF>XAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ\[e?K?]HI[IJMzCQOHIo-He^@LOJM>/LQOz&^@T9QOzF>B>/LOLONML%>/HIHI[IG&?]>3{a?]QV^@QO[INMT&?jk\�K=��;Y�k;lWr�l�^@T&A9���K=(\O�\^@T&A�^3TF>/JMHI[IJM[ISFHI>:¥;>/[IJMzCQj{ , � � �/�f�NML;QOzF>LaWrg[3nP>/LOQO[e_/^@HF_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQ;^@T&A3QOzF>WNMQOzF>/LV?OaWrg[3?]QV^@QO[INMT&?UpFx;zF[e?M¥;>/[IJMzCQO[ITFJK[e?;_VzFNP?]>/TX?]NQOz&^@QK>@^M_Vz9AF^@QV^-?]>/QW[e?W^@GFGFLONMGFLO[e^@QO>/HIo-LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@A7QON7NMGFQO[IRX[ � >KQOzF>3_UNMRXGFHI>/R3>/TCQV^@LO[IQaoX^@T&A9QONQV^��P>j[ITCQON7^M_/_UNMDFTCQ f�NMLWQOzF>B[ITCQOLO[IT&?][e_W>/LOLONMLWN f�QOzF>BAF^@QV^7?]>/QV?Up��FNMLWQOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ%G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMTyY¥;>j^M?O?]DFRX>KQOz&^@Q f�NML%QOzF>j�M��b�M�3>/nP>/TCQ/YPQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%_/^@T-S&>jRXNCAC>/HIHI>@A[¥\[IQOz9^X�Pp | �CR(?][eAC>B?OZPD&^@LO>fh^@DFHIQ;AC[InC[eAC>@Aj[ITCQON . ?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?Up¦�>%z&^/nP>%_VzFNP?]>/TXQONKD&?]>K^j?]R7^@HIHCTCDFR3S&>/L�N f ?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?�S&>@_/^@D&?]>NMDFLW^@[IR([e?\QONXAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>KQOzF>jR7^@[IT f�>@^@QODFLO>KN f�QOzF>j?]HI[IG9AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTyp&x;zF[e?\HI[IRX[IQV^@QO[INMTX[e?\ACDF>jQONQOzF>XLV^�¥\TF>@?O?KN fwQOzF>3RXNCAC>/HaY f�NMLj>/EF^@RXGFHI>BQOzF>7^M_UQOD&^@H�fh^@DFHIQV?j^@LO>XTFNMQjG&>/L�f�>@_UQjGFHe^@T&^@LB?]DFL�fh^M_U>Ppd-NMLO>/N@nP>/LG¥;>jACNXTFNMQ%z&^/nP>j>/TFNMDFJMz-[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT7QONXGFLO>@_U[e?]>/HIo3RXNCAC>/HyQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoX^@T&AQOzF>XRX>@AC[IDFR9p(\aQj[e?B^@He?]N9TF>@_U>@?O?O^@LOo�QON9HI[IRX[IQWQOzF>XTCDFR3S&>/LKN fwDFT%�CTFN�¥\T�?]N9QOz&^@QBQOzF>XGFLONMSFHI>/RACNP>@?KTFNMQKS&>@_UNMRX>jDFT&AC>/LVAC>/QO>/LORX[ITF>@A�p&x;zF>3>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/L%HINC_/^@QO[INMT�{ �P�C�b�M�M� | YU�jY , �C�^]M�M�M�6Y�Z;� f�LONMRZ2�F?]QOL��NMR >@3�46H�W { ,�./. ]P�3[e?�s LV?]Q3GFHe^M_U>@A�^@QXQOzF>-HIN�¥;>/L[¦�>@?]Q fh^@DFHIQX_UNMLOTF>/L/p;x;zF>9AC[IGm^@T&A�QOzF>?]QOLO[��P>XN fwQOzF> fh^@DFHIQBGFHe^@TF>-^@T&A QOzF>7LV^��P>7N fwQOzF>-?]HI[IG [IT QOzF[e?jGFHe^@TF>-^@LO> s LV?]Q3^M?O?]DFRX>@A�QON�S&>�P�6Y/Y ,/| �6Y7^@T&A � . �6YBLO>@?]G&>@_UQO[InP>/HIoPp�x;zF>7QONMGmAC>/GFQOz�N fwQOzF>gfh^@DFHIQBGFHe^@TF>7[e?j>@ZPD&^@H\QON , p | �CR9p\aT�QOzF>-?O^@RX>Z¥\^/oPY�QOzF>7� . � �P�9>/nP>/TCQK[e?KRXNCAC>/HIHI>@A�¥\[IQOz�^��Pp | SCo , �Cp | �CR�LO>@_UQV^@TFJMHI>7AC[InC[eAC>@A[ITCQON ,/| ?OZPD&^@LO>-?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?Up��FNMLjQOzF[e?j?]>@_UNMT&A�>/nP>/TCQKQOzF>3>/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/LB{ �P�C�b�M� |M| Y/�jY , �C�^] . , � Y�Z;�W[e?
� � � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
s LV?]QKHINC_/^@QO>@A�^@QKQOzF>BHIN�¥;>/LLZ"^M?]Q fh^@DFHIQj_UNMLOTF>/L/pyx;zF>3AC[IG�N f�QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQW[e?W�P�6Y/Y�[IQV?K?]QOLO[��P>j>@ZPD&^@He?, �M��YK[IQV?%QONMG�AC>/GFQOz9[e?W^@Qj�@�M�XR�^@T&A-QOzF>BRX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R![e?W^XGFDFLO>jTFNMLOR7^@H fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJFpyx;zF>BHI>@^M?]Q��?OZPD&^@LO>7[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�LO>@?]DFHIQV?jD&?][ITFJ�QOzF[e?jG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMT ^@T&A ^@T�zFNMRXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&?j[ITF[IQO[e^@H;RXNCAC>/H� �j{a?]HI[IG-[e?;>@ZPD&^@H�QONX�M�X_UR(^@T&A | �B_UR f�NML%QOzF>B�M��b�M�X^@T&A7QOzF>B� . � �P�3>/nP>/TCQ;LO>@?]G&>@_UQO[InP>/HIo&�"^@LO>?]zFN�¥\T�[IT���[IJMDFLO>7�Pp �Fp�x;zF>XHI>@^M?]Qj?OZPD&^@LO>X[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�?O_VzF>/RX>X{5Z"ZPD&^@QO[INMT��Ppb�P�WHI>@^MAF?WQON-RXNCAC>/Hd , D&?][ITFJg��NM[ITCQ7AF^@QV^CY;RXNCAC>/HWd9��D&?][ITFJ NMTFHIo��G\aT([Cl b G&NM[ITCQV?X^@T&AmRXNCAC>/H%d9��¥\[IQOz aWrg[RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQV?%^@HINMTF>9{a��[IJMDFLO>-�Pp �C�Vp�x;zF> s QjNMSFQV^@[ITF>@A�¥\[IQOz�QOzF[e?KG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMT�[e?KQO>@?]QO>@A^@T&A�_UNMRXG&^@LO>@A9D&?][ITFJ�?]>/nP>/LV^@H fh^@DFHIQBJM>/NMRX>/QOLOo�^@T&A G&NP?][IQO[INMT&?Upg[P>/nP>/LV^@H;[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�LO>@?]DFHIQV?B^@LO>GFHINMQOQO>@A7[IT9��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp �Fp�x;zF>BJM>/NMRX>/QOLO[e_/^@Hy_Vz&^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]QO[e_/?UYCQOzF> s T&^@H�RXNMRX>/TCQV?UYPQOzF>BAF^@QV^�s QW^M?¥;>/HIH�^M?;QOzF>WLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTX>@?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMT3^@LO>WHI[e?]QO>@A3[ITXx�^@SFHI>B�Ppb�Cp¦�>%RXN@nP>@AjQOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ;RXNCAC>/H&[ITXQOzF>AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTBG&>/LOG&>/T&AC[e_UDFHe^@L"QONjQOzF>W?]QOLO[��P>%AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTBN f >@^M_Vz�fh^@DFHIQ"QONjNMS&?]>/LOnP>\QOzF> s Q;RXNCAC[tsu_/^@QO[INMT^M_/_UNMLVAC[ITFJ QON QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ7HINC_/^@QO[INMTyp\x;zF>�S&>@?]Q s QV?7^@LO>�NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A ¥\[IQOz�RXNCAC>/He?Xd��PY\d_] ^@T&Ad . HINC_/^@QO>@A , p | �CR�^�¥\^/o�[IT�QOzF>7?]NMDFQOz � ¥;>@?]Q3AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT�{a_UNMHIDFRXT � �er�NP?][IQO[INMT � �;[IT x�^@SFHI>-�Ppb�P�Vp¦�>7^@He?]N-QO>@?]QO>@A�QOzF>X[IT � DF>/T&_U>BN fwQOzF>XAC[IG ^@TFJMHI>9{ad-NCAC>/He?jd , �7QON�d , ]P�Vp�l%HIH�QOzF>X[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?[IT ��[IJMDFLO>-�Pp ��?]zFN�¥%?B^9_UNMRXRXNMT9G&^@QOQO>/LOT:��QOzF>XQ#¥;N-R7^@[IT�>/nP>/TCQV?K^@LO>-_UNMRXG&NP?]>@A�N fw^9?][ITFJMHI>^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]oPp;x;zF>@?]>9^M?]G&>/LO[IQO[I>@?3^@LO>9HINC_/^@QO>@A�_UHINP?]>-QON�QOzF>-zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L3HINC_/^@QO[INMT&?Up\�FNML3QOzF>��M��b�M�>/nP>/TCQ�QOzF>W?]HI[IGB[e?�HINC_/^@QO>@AB[IT3QOzF>\TFNMLOQOzF>/LOT3G&^@LOQ"N f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ"TF>@^@L�QOzF>%zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L�HINC_/^@QO[INMTX^@T&A^@HIH�QOzF>B[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?W?]zFN�¥�^7?][ITFJMHI>BG&^@QV_Vz9JM>/TF>/LV^@HIHIo-HINC_/^@QO>@A�^@QK^7AC>/GFQOz�S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T-�-^@T&A�� �CR^@T&A-TFNXRXNMLO>WQOz&^@T��Z�CR [PNMDFQOz � Z"^M?]QKN f�QOzF>jzCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L/p&�FNML%QOzF>B� . � �P�X>/nP>/TCQ/YCQOzF>jRXNMRX>/TCQLO>/HI>@^M?]>@A�[e?jR7^@[ITFHIo9HINC_/^@QO>@A [IT QOzF> s LV?]Q7�U�CR�TFNMLOQOz � ¥;>@?]Q3N fwQOzF>gf�NC_UD&?Up"l(?]>@_UNMT&A�?]R7^@HIHI>/L^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]o9^@GFG&>@^@LV?K[IT9QOzF>BDFGFG&>/LKG&^@LOQKN f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQK^@Qj^@S&NMDFQ , � �CR��%NMLOQOz�N f�QOzF>3TCD&_UHI>@^@QO[INMTG&NM[ITCQ\[IT7?]NMRX>%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?UpCx;zF>KS&>@?]Q;RXNCAC>/H&NMSFQV^@[ITF>@A7^@LO>KGFHINMQOQO>@A3[IT7��[IJMDFLO>@?\�Ppb�CY��Pp��K^@T&A-�Pp^]¥\[IQOzX^@TXzF[e?]QONMJMLV^@R!N f QOzF>WAC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U>%S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T3AF^@QV^j^@T&AX?][IR3DFHe^@QO>@AjAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?UpKx;zF>WAF^@QV^s Q\N f RXNCAC>/Hyd_]B^@T&A-d . ^@LO>jAC[e?]GFHe^/oP>@ABNMT9^jR7^@GX[IT s JMDFLO>B�Pp . f�NMLGaWrg[3RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQV?�^@T&A[ITX��[IJMDFLO>K�Pp , � f�NMLG�G\aT([Cl b AF^@QV^KG&NM[ITCQV?�LO>@?]G&>@_UQO[InP>/HIoPpL\aQ"[e?�[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ"QONjTFNMQO>%QOz&^@Q�¥\[IQOz3QOzF>RXNCAC>/HPJM>/NMRX>/QOLOoKd , QOzF>\r�Z"�W��aWrg[j?]QV^@QO[INMTB[e?yHINC_/^@QO>@AKNMTBQOzF>;z&^@TFJM[ITFJ:¥\^@HIHC?][eAC>;N fuQOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ¥\zF[IHI>KQOzF>jRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TPQ"[IT&AC[e_/^@QO>j^BRXNMQO[INMT7N f QOzF[e?%?]QV^@QO[INMT9[IT7QOzF>jTFNMLOQOzF>@^M?]QWAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTyp&x;zF[e??]zFN�¥%?%QOz&^@QWQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%[e?\>/[IQOzF>/L\HINC_/^@QO>@A7RXNMLO>j?]NMDFQOz9NMLWz&^M?W^BHe^@LOJM>BAC[IGyp�lW?O?]DFRX[ITFJBQOzF>B?O^@RX>AF^@QV^K^@T&AjQOzF>\?O^@RX>\?]NMDFLV_U>\G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMTB^M?�RXNCAC>/HFd��PY@QOzF>\?]G&^M_U>\N f ^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>\?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?[e?K>/ECGFHINMLO>@A�¥\[IQOz ^7JM>/TF>/QO[e_3^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR9pyx;zF>7?]HI[IG ^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>BN f >@^M_Vz�?]DFS fh^@DFHIQB[e?K^@HIHIN�¥;>@A9QONnM^@LOo7S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T9�3^@T&A , p | R9pFx;zF>3?]>/Q%N f�?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&? f�NMDFT&A-SCo7QOzF>jJM>/TF>/QO[e_K^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR([e?%?]zFN�¥\TNMT ��[IJMDFLO>X�Pp ,/, p�x;zF>3R7^@[IT9[ITCQO>/LO>@?]QWN f JM>/TF>/QO[e_j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT9[e?%QOz&^@Qj[IQWGFLON@nC[eAC>@?K^7?]>/QKN f R7^@TCo^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>B?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?W^@T&A-QOzF>/T-JM[InP>@?\[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT-^@S&NMDFQKQOzF>jDFTF[eZPDF>/TF>@?O?\N f�QOzF>B?]NMHIDFQO[INMTyp(\aQ[e?W[ITCQO>/LO>@?]QO[ITFJ3QON7TFNMQO>3QOz&^@QK>/nP>/T9[tf�QOzF>3RX[e? s Q%nM^@HIDF>@?WNMSFQV^@[ITF>@A�¥\[IQOz9QOzF>3RXNCAC>/He?%GFHINMQOQO>@A-[IT��[IJMDFLO>9�Pp ,/, ^@LO>-?][IRX[IHe^@L/YyQOzF>7JM>/TF>/QO[e_3[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�z&^M?�f�NMDFT&A ^9He^@LOJM>-AC[InP>/LV?][IQ]o9N f ^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>RXNCAC>/He?Up&x;zF>3_UNMRXG&^@LO[e?]NMT-N f QOzF>BRXNCAC>/He?;GFLONCACD&_U>@A-SCo7QOzF>jJM>/TF>/QO[e_j^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR(JM[InP>@?%^XAC[ILO>@_UQAC>@ACD&_UQO[INMT-N f QOzF>jG&^@LOQV?%N f�QOzF>B?]NMHIDFQO[INMT-QOz&^@QK^@LO>B?]QOLONMTFJMHIo9_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@A7SCo7QOzF>BAF^@QV^X^@T&A-QOzF>G&^@LOQV?,¥\zF>/LO>jQOzF>B?]HI[IG7[e?\>@ZPD&^@HIHIo7^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>jN@nP>/L%^Z¥\[eAC>KLV^@TFJM>Ppyx;zF>B?]HI[IG-AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTgf�NMDFT&A
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � ��
Combined inversion
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
Combined inversion
-5
0
0 5
M1
SAR inversion
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
SAR inversion
-5
0
0 5
M2
GPS inversion
-5
0
0 50.2
0.4
GPS inversion
-5
0
0 5
M3
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5
M4
-5
0
0 5
0.20.4
-5
0
0 5
M5
-5
0
0 50.2
0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5
M6
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
0.6-5
0
0 5
M7
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
-5
0
0 5
M8
-5
0
0 50.2
0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5
M9
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5
0.2
0.4
0.6
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5
M10
-5
0
0 5
0.20.4
-5
0
0 5
M11
-5
0
0 50.
20.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5
M12
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
Dep
th, k
m
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5
M13
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
-5
0
0 5
M14
-5
0
0 5
0.20.2
0.4
0.6-5
0
0 5
M15
-7
-6-5
-4
-3
-2
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5
M16
-5
0
0 5
0.20.4
-5
0
0 5
M17
-5
0
0 50.2
0.4
0.6-5
0
0 5
M18
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
0.6-5
0
0 5
M19
-5
0
0 5Distance along strike, km
0.2
0.4
0.6-5
0
0 5Distance along strike, km
M20
-5
0
0 5
0.2
0.4
0.6-5
0
0 5
M21
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
egf9hC.&�Pp � / 1�HI7 B_<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�; z|8�F�:'< z|8�DO39?�> ��� ��� �=F6;�79:6��39?�>CH�>E4 ;K3�t�;�p�F�4�D@>E;M79: � >KDE;�798�:�;�@?�>KA�>4KB�B�HI7�>E<$358 � �K:�1'�,£ 4�:'< ¢ ��1 �M46354_; >@39;�79: � >KD@3S>E< �|8�79:�3�HIxn8�D�79:'<�>5B�>K:'<�>K:�3�HIx�W ?�>%HI8��@4635798�:4�:'<M��>E8�A�>@35DKx�8 z�39?�> z|4�F�H^3g4 ; ��>@H�H�4 ;G39?�> � 3O4�:'<�39?�> � :'46H(; >K7I;�A=7��MA=8�A�>K:�3O4�D@>G<�>E;��DK79mK>E<�79: 4�mKH�> � W � W �K:�39?'7I; � ��F�D@>O39?�>G:'8�D@39?%>K:'<�8 z 39?�> z|4�F�H^3-7I;G463-39?�>O358KB%H�>�zV3j¤�4�:'<=39?�>O;�8�F�39?%>K:'<�7I;G46339?�>L358KB$DK7^� ?�3g8 z >E4��@?���DE4KB'?�W-j�8�:�358�F�DGHI79:�>E;=4�:'< �@86HI8�DGm@4�DC;@?'8���39?�>G;KHI7 B$4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>M79: � W � A79:�3S>KD���46H ; W ?�>C;�4�A�>G;KHI7 B$4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>G;�@46H�>=7I;MF6; >E<�79:_46H�H�39?�> � ��F�D@>G;�8�39?'463g8�:�> �@4�: �@8�ACB'4�D@>39?�>OB'463�3S>KDK:�79:Vz >KDKD@>E< z|DE8�A 39?�>M<�7 ��>KD@>K:�3O<�46354=; >@39; W 8�mK> �@8�:�3579:'F'>E<%8�: �g7^��F�D@> � W ��W
� � � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
Combined inversion
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.60.8
Combined inversion
-5
0
0 5 10
M1
SAR inversion
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.40.6
0.8
SAR inversion
-5
0
0 5 10
M2
GPS inversion
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4 0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
GPS inversion
-5
0
0 5 10
M3
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8-5
0
0 5 10
M4
-5
0
0 5 10
0.20.2 0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5 10
M5
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
-5
0
0 5 10
M6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.20.2
0.4
0.4
0.60.8
-5
0
0 5 10
M7
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2 0.4
0.60.8
-5
0
0 5 10
M8
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.60.6
0.8
0.8
-5
0
0 5 10
M9
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5 10
M10
-5
0
0 5 10
0.20.2 0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5 10
M11
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
-5
0
0 5 10
M12
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
Dep
th, k
m
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.60.8-5
0
0 5 10
M13
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2 0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5 10
M14
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8-5
0
0 5 10
M15
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
-5
0
0 5 10
0.20.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
-5
0
0 5 10
M16
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2 0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5 10
M17
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
-5
0
0 5 10
M18
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
-5
0
0 5 10
M19
-5
0
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
0.2
0.2
0.40.6
-5
0
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
M20
-5
0
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8-5
0
0 5 10
M21
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
egf9hC.y�Pp |�/21(4�A�>M4 ; �g7^��F�D@> � W ��z|8�DG39?�> � T � � � >�� >K:�3SW
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � �
*�+-,�.��Ppb� / w >E4 ;K3�t�;�p�F�4�D@>=79: � >KDE;�798�:nD@>E;�F�H^39; W ¢ ��1�4�:'< � �K:�1'�,£ <�46354�4�D@>=F6; >E<%358$>���46HIF�463S>39?�>��@8 ; >K7I;�A=7��O;KHI7 B_<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:%8�:�39?�> z|4�F�H^3(B�HI4�:�>E;M8 z 39?�> ��� ��� �=4�:'< � T � � � >�� >K:�39;�Q�39?�>E; >O;KHI7 B<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:%;�86HIF�35798�:�;=4�D@>L<�7I;SB�HI4�x�>E<�79: �g7^��F�D@> � W � UXW �M7 ��>KD@>K:�3 z|4�F�H^3-��>E8�A�>@35DKx�4�:'<LB'8 ;�7�35798�:�;4�D@>G3S>E;K3S>E<�W ��8�DM>E4��@?�A=8 <�>@H�39?�>M<�46354 � 3LQ5DKAL; U 4�:'<�39?�>MD@>E;�86HIF�35798�:�;=4�D@> �@8�ACB(F�3S>E<�Wd-NCAC>/He? � . � �P�B>/nP>/TCQ �M��b�M�3>/nP>/TCQ b >/HI[e^@SF[IHI[IQ]o\#� �W^@QV^ �%[IG r�NP?][IQO[INMT ��� �%[IG r�NP?][IQO[INMT ��� LOR7? s Q/YFRXR b >@?Upd cW?]>@A Y �F� , � ��� � � Y �F� , � ��� � � aWrg[ [Cl b �
, [� La �P� �Cp , �Cpb� �P� �Cp �Cpb� � . �P� � |� [Cl b �P� �Cp , �Cpb� �P� �Cp �Cpb� | � � , � ,� aWrg[ �P� �Cp ,/, pb� �P� �Cp �Cp � � . |M| , �� [� La �P� , p . p^] �P� , p �Cp | �@� �6] | �| [Cl b �P� , p ]Cp | �P� , p �Cp , � | , � � .� aWrg[ �P� , p , �Cpb� �P� , p �Fpb� , � , �M� , �� [� La �P� , p | ]Cp , �P� , p | �Cp�� �M� �@� | �] [Cl b �P� , p | �Pp^] �P� , p | �Cp , �P� , � | �. aWrg[ �P� , p | , �Cp . �P� , p | �Fp . , � ,/, � , ], � [� La �P� �Cp �Pp � �P� �Cp �Cp�� � . �M� |M|,/, [Cl b �P� �Cp �Ppb� �P� �Cp �Cp , �6] �@� | �, � aWrg[ �P� �Cp , �Fpb� �P� �Cp | pb� , � ] . , ], � [� La �C� �Cp �Ppb� | , �Cp �Cp . �M� �M� |M|, � [Cl b �C� �Cp �Pp | | , �Cp �Cpb� �6] �P� | �,/| aWrg[ �C� �Cp ,/| p , | , �Cp | p^] , � . ] , ], � [� La �P� �Cp �Ppb� � , �Cp �Cp | �M� � . |M|, � [Cl b �P� �Cp �Pp , � , �Cp �Cpb� � . �M� | �, ] aWrg[ �P� �Cp , �Cpb� � , �Cp �Fp , ,/| ,/, � , ],�. [� La �P� �Cp �Cp � �P� �Cp �Cpb� � | � , |M|�M� [Cl b �P� �Cp | p . �P� �Cp �Cp , �P� �P� | �� , aWrg[ �P� �Cp , �Fp , �P� �Cp | p | , � , � . , ]
� � � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
09h40 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
0.2
0.20.2
0.2 0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.60.
6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
09h40 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
Dep
th, k
m
00h33 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5Distance along strike, km
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6
00h33 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5Distance along strike, km
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
Dep
th, k
m
36 GPS components
0
2
4
6
8
10
-100 0 100Misfit, mm
= 0.0 mmµ
= 13 mmσ
194 SAR points
0
5
10
15
20
25
Num
ber
-100 0 100Misfit, mm
=-100 mmµ
=117 mmσ
egf9hC.%�Ppb� / Q�358KB U j�DE8 ;@;�; >��K35798�: 8 z 39?�>_<�7 B�t�;KHI7 By<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�<�>@3S>KDKA=79:�>E< z|DE8�A 39?�>�H�>E4 ;K3�t;�p�F�4�D@>E;G79: � >KDE;�798�:�8 z 39?�> ¢ ��1_<�46354GB'8�79:�39;L>EP �KHIF6;�7�� >@HIx_Q5A=8 <�>@H'o$TVU�z|8�DCm@8639? ��� ��� �=4�:'< � T � � �
>�� >K:�39;�8 z01�>5B�3S>KA=mK>KD � � W ?�> �@8�:�358�F�DLHI79:�>=79:�3S>KD���46H-7I; � W � A�W ?�>C��DK79<%D@>5B(D@>E; >K:�39;M39?�> z|4�F�H^3A=8 <�>@H�; >��K35798�:nQ5:'8�D@39? ��>E;K3g8�:%H�>�zV3j¤-;�8�F�39?�>E4 ;K3�8�:�DK7^� ?�3 U <�7I;SB�HI4�x679:6��39?�>C;�F�m z|4�F�H^3O<�7I;��D@>@357Il�4635798�:8 z�39?�>L3 �-8 z|4�F�H^3�B�HI4�:�>E; W ?�>LA=8 <�>@H �@?'4�DE4��K3S>KDK7I;K357��@;M4�D@>L<�>E;��DK79mK>E<�79: 4�mKH�> � W � 4�:'<�39?�>LA=4KBB(DE8 � >��K35798�:�8 z 39?�> z|4�F�H^3�A=8 <�>@H'4 ;���>@H�H�4 ;O39?�> ¢ ��1 � 3�7I;g;@?'8��-:%79: �g7^��F�D@> � W�T�W-Q5m@863�358�A U �L7I;K3586t��DE4�AL;G;@?'8��-79:6� �@8�F�:�3O4 ;M4 z|F�: �K35798�:$8 z�39?�>MD@>E;�79<�F�46H�<�7 ��>KD@>K: �K>MmK>@3 ��>@>K:$<�46354�4�:'<=1(x6:�39?�>@357��@;z|8�DL>E4��@?%<�46354=; >@3SW �K:�39?�>�� DE;K3-?'7I;K358@��DE4�A~39?�>L<�4�D��=m@4�DE; �@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'<M358=39?�> ¢ ��1�B'8�79:�3�?'4���79:6�4%?'7^� ? ��>K7^� ?�3L79:$39?�>�79: � >KDE;�798�:�4�:'<�39?�>=HI7^� ?�3G8�:�>E;�358�39?�> ¢ ��1qA�>E4 ;�F�D@>KA�>K:�39;�:'863GF6; >E<�79:39?�>M79: � >KDE;�798�:�W
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � � �
09h40 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.60.8
09h40 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
Dep
th, k
m
00h33 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5Distance along strike, km
0.2
0.2
0.40.6
00h33 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5Distance along strike, km
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
Dep
th, k
m
36 GPS components
0
2
4
6
8
10
-100 0 100Misfit, mm
= -1.6 mmµ
= 42 mmσ
194 SAR points
0
5
10
15
20
25
Num
ber
-100 0 100Misfit, mm
= -1.0 mmµ
= 16 mmσ
egf9hC.��Pp�� / Q�358KB U 1�HI7 B�<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�: z|8�DL39?�> ��� ��� ��4�:'<%39?�> � T � � � >�� >K:�39; z|DE8�A 39?�>=79: � >KDE;�798�:8 z � �K:�1'�,£~B'8�79:�39;�Q9o �%A=8 <�>@H UXWGQ5m@863�358�A U �L7I;K358@��DE4�AL;L;@?'8��-79:6� �@8�F�:�3G4 ;�4�z|F�: �K35798�:�8 z 39?�>D@>E;�79<�F�46H�<�7 ��>KD@>K: �K>MmK>@3 ��>@>K:$<�46354�4�:'<�;�x6:�39?�>@357��@; z|8�DM>E4��@?_<�46354=; >@3SW
� � � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
09h40 event
-5
0D
ista
nce
alon
g di
p, k
m
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
09h40 event
-5
0D
ista
nce
alon
g di
p, k
m
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
Dep
th, k
m
00h33 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5Distance along strike, km
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6
00h33 event
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5Distance along strike, km
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
Dep
th, k
m
36 GPS components
0
2
4
6
8
10
-100 0 100Misfit, mm
= -3.1 mmµ
= 32 mmσ
194 SAR points
0
5
10
15
20
25
Num
ber
-100 0 100Misfit, mm
= -8.4 mmµ
= 24 mmσ
egf9hC.��Pp^] / Q�358KB U 1�HI7 B�<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�: z|8�DL39?�> ��� ��� �%4�:'<%39?�> � T � � � >�� >K:�39; z|DE8�A 39?�>=79: � >KDE;�798�:8 zg�|8�79:�3 � �K:�1'�,£~B'8�79:�39;�4�:'< ¢ ��1�<�46354�Q9o � A=8 <�>@H UXWCQ5m@863�358�A U �L7I;K358@��DE4�AL;L;@?'8��-79:6� �@8�F�:�34 ;M40z|F�: �K35798�:_8 z�39?�>MD@>E;�79<�F�46H�<�7 ��>KD@>K: �K>MmK>@3 ��>@>K:$<�46354�4�:'<�;�x6:�39?�>@357��@; z|8�DM>E4��@?_<�46354=; >@3SW
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � � �
12˚ 30' 12˚ 45' 13˚ 00' 13˚ 15'
43˚ 00'
43˚ 15'
5.76
5 cm
GPSData
Model M9
0 10 20km
COLF
BEVA
CROC
CAPA
CSAN
FOLI
GAIF
OGAT
PENN
RIVO
TPAR
VISS
10˚ 15˚
40˚
45˚
egf9hC.;�Pp . / ¢ ��1q;K354635798�:�;%HI8��@4635798�:�4�:'<_;�F�D�z|4��K>LB(DE8 � >��K35798�:�8 z 39?�>0z|4�F�H^3MA=8 <�>@HLQ9o$TVUXW ?�>HI79:�>E;�B'4�DE46H�H�>@Hg358$39?�>0z|4�F�H^39;_4�D@>�39?�>%79:�3S>KDE; >��K35798�:�;_mK>@3 ��>@>K:q39?�>�;�F�D�z|4��K>%4�:'<$39?�>0z|4�F�H^3CB�HI4�:�>B(DE86HI8�:6��4635798�:�W9W ?�>M8�m@; >KD�� >E<_Q�39?'79:�HI79:�>E; Ui4�:'<=;�x6:�39?�>@357���<�46354_Q�39?'7�����HI79:�>E; Ui<�>KDK7�� >E< z|DE8�A~o$TA=8 <�>@H-<�7I;SB�HI4�x�>E<%79: �g7^��F�D@> � W � 4�D@>G;@?'8��-:nm�x�4�DKDE8���;/¤ �-7�39?_39?�>=4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>M;�@46HI79:6�_4 ;L;@?'8��-:79:�39?�>M79:�; >KD@3SW
� � � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
DInSAR data
43˚ 00'
43˚ 05'
5.76.0
Model M8
12˚ 45' 12˚ 50' 12˚ 55'
Residual
0 5 10km
egf9hC.��Pp , � / Q�358KB U � �K:�1'�,£ >EP 35DE4��K3S>E<=B'8�79:�39;=4�:'<�4 ;@;�8���79463S>E<%<�7I;SB�HI4��K>KA�>K:�39;�D@>5B(D@>E; >K:�3S>E<%m�x4�DKDE8���; ��?'7��@?_H�>K:6�639?n7I;GB(DE8KB'8�D@35798�:'46H(358�39?�>L;�@46HI4�DM<�7I;SB�HI4��K>KA�>K:�39;�79:_39?�>G��DE8�F�:'<�358�;�463S>@H�HI7�3S><�79D@>��K35798�: Q � � D@>5B(D@>E; >K:�354635798�: UXW ?�> ��79D��KH�>�DE4�<�79F6;�H�>K:6�639?�7I;_>Ep�F�46HC358 � ��A 4�:'<n7I;�39?�>�>KD@tDE8�DL4 ;@;�8���79463S>E<�358MB'8�79:�3O8 z�39?�> � �K:�1'�,£ <�46354�; >@3SWCQ5A=79<�<�H�> U 1(x6:�39?�>@357���<�>�z|8�DKA=4635798�:�;=<�>KDK7�� >E<z|DE8�A~o ��A=8 <�>@H�<�7I;SB�HI4�x�>E<�79: � ��F�D@> � W � 4�:'<�;�F�D�z|4��K>gB(DE8 � >��K35798�:�8 z�39?�> z|4�F�H^3OA=8 <�>@H�Q9o �VU 39?�>HI79:�>E;�B'4�DE46H�H�>@Hg358$39?�>0z|4�F�H^39;_4�D@>�39?�>%79:�3S>KDE; >��K35798�:�;_mK>@3 ��>@>K:q39?�>�;�F�D�z|4��K>�4�:'<$39?�>0z|4�F�H^3CB�HI4�:�>B(DE86HI8�:6��4635798�:�WOQ5m@863�358�A U £G>E;�79<�F�46H ;M<�>�z|8�DKA=4635798�:_mK>@3 ��>@>K:$<�46354�4�:'<�;�x6:�39?�>@357��@; W
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � � �
0940 event
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5
Top of the fault (0 - 1.5 km)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
Slip
am
plitu
de, m
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5
Middle of the fault (1.5 - 3 km)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5Distance, km
Bottom of the fault (3 - 4.5 km)
0033 event
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5Distance, km
egf9hC.C�Pp ,/, / 1�HI7 B_<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�D@>E;�F�H^39; z|DE8�A~8�:�>���>K:�>@357��M46H ��8�DK7�39?'A~79: � >KDE;�798�:0z|8�Dg39?�> � �K:�1'�,£4�:'< ¢ ��1�<�46354�W , ��� A=8 <�>@H ; ��>KD@>�3S>E;K3S>E< z|DE8�A 4$A=8 <�>@H-;SB'4��K> �-7�39?�4�m@8�F�3�, ��� � ;�7^��:'7 � �@4�:�3�HIx<�7 ��>KD@>K:�3gA=8 <�>@H ;LF6;�79:6�%4GB'8KB(F�HI4635798�:�;�7Il >L8 z ����� 4�:'< � ��� ��>K:�>KDE4635798�:�; W ��DE8�A 39?�>�, ��� A=8 <�>@H ;39?'463O4�D@>L3S>E;K3S>E<�¤g39?�>=mK>E;K3 ��� 4�D@>OB�HI863�3S>E<%79:_39?'79:_mKHI4����%HI79:�>E;/¤O39?�>=:�>EP 3GR � � 4����K>5B�354�mKH�>�A=8 <�>@H ;z|8�F�:'< �-7�39?%39?�>g��>K:�>@357��=46H ��8�DK7�39?'A 4�D@>-B�HI863�3S>E<�79:�39?'79:=��D@>KxMHI79:�>E;/¤�39?�>C;�86HIF�35798�:0z|8�F�:'< �-7�39?�39?�>H�>E4 ;K3�t�;�p�F�4�D@>E; z|8�DKA=F�HI4635798�:_7I;OB�HI863�3S>E<%79:�39?'7�����<�4 ;@?�>E<�HI79:�>E; W
� � � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
^@QKQOzF>jQONMGnZ"^M?]QKN f�QOzF>3� . � �P� fh^@DFHIQK?]zFN�¥%?K^7_UNMT&_U>/TCQOLV^@QO[INMT-N f RXNCAC>/He?\[IT�^3LV^@TFJM>3N f ,/| _UR9px;zF>W?]GFLO>@^MA3N f ?]HI[IGXAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTB[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@?2¥\[IQOzXAC>/GFQOzX^@T&A3?]G&^@T&?;^ | �j_UR�?]HI[IG3[ITCQO>/LOnM^@H&^@Q"QOzF>S&NMQOQONMR�N f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/p�x;zF[e?W[IT&AC[e_/^@QO>@?WQOz&^@QjQOzF>7?]HI[IG�[e?WS&>/QOQO>/Lj_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@A�^@QB?]z&^@HIHIN�¥!AC>/GFQOzGFLONMS&^@SFHIoBACDF>\QONKzF[IJMzF>/L�?]>/T&?][IQO[InC[IQ]oWN f QOzF>;RXNCAC>/HF^@Q;?]z&^@HIHIN�¥�AC>/GFQOz�f�NML"^%JM[InP>/TB?]HI[IG3^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>^@T&AjQOzF>;zF[IJMzF>/L�AF^@QV^%TCDFR3S&>/L�^@S&N@nP>;QOzF>;?]NMDFQOzF>/LOTBG&^@LOQ�N fuQOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ/p@�%>/nP>/LOQOzF>/HI>@?O?UY/��[IJMDFLO>\�Pp ,/,?]zFN�¥%?"QOz&^@Q"QOzF>\JM>/TF>/QO[e_\^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR�[e?�[IT3^@JMLO>/>/RX>/TCQT¥\[IQOz3QOzF>\HI>@^M?]Q;?OZPD&^@LO>%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTBAC[e?]GFHe^/oP>@ANMTgs JMDFLO>3�Pp^]7{ LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@AXSCo7AF^M?]zF>@A7HI[ITF>@?;NMT9��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp �C�Vp�x;zF>jR7^@EC[IRBDFR!?]HI[IG � NMTF> f�NMDFT&A¥\[IQOz-QOzF>jJM>/TF>/QO[e_K^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR([e?\[IT&AC>/>@AXNMS&?]>/LOnP>@A7[IT-QOzF>KRX[eAFACHI>K^@T&A-QOzF>jS&NMQOQONMR�N f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ_UHINP?]>WQONjQOzF>WzCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L;HINC_/^@QO[INMT9{a?]NMDFQOz �h>@^M?]QO>/LOT7G&^@LOQ\N f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQU�VpF�FNML;QOzF>K�M��b�M�j>/nP>/TCQ"QOzF>RX[ILOLONML"G&^@QOQO>/LOT7[e?"NMS&?]>/LOnP>@A�pFx;zF>WR7^@EC[IR3DFR�?]HI[IGX[e?"HINC_/^@QO>@A7^@Q\QOzF>WS&NMQOQONMR ¦�>@?]Q\N f QOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ^@T&A9QOzF>3?]HI[IG9^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>K[e?%S&>/QOQO>/LWLO>@?]NMHInP>@A7[IT9QOzF>BTFNMLOQOzF>/LOT9G&^@LOQWN f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQWGFLONMS&^@SFHIo9ACDF>QON3QOzF>KG&NPNMLWAF^@QV^X_UN@nP>/LV^@JM>W[IT7QOzF>=[PNMDFQOz-NMTF>j_/^@T-TFNMQO[e_U>WNMT9��[IJMDFLO>@?%�Pp . ^@T&A��Pp , �Cp
���������� # �'&(� +�!'# ����(��� �������q�i�0 )��U���)���$�x�(�����%N�¥�¥;>%z&^/nP>%^@T3[eAC>@^WN f QOzF>%?]HI[IGXAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT3^@T&A3[IQV?�LO>/HI[e^@SF[IHI[IQ]owf�LONMR �G\aT([Cl b ^@T&A�aWrg[AF^@QV^3[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?\D&?][ITFJ7^3JM>/TF>/QO[e_K^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR�^@T&A9^3HI>@^M?]QW?OZPD&^@LO>3?O_VzF>/RX>PpC�%>/ECQ/Y¥;>jD&?]>jQOzF>@?]>
LO>@?]DFHIQV?K^@T&A�TF>@^@L s >/HeA�?]QOLONMTFJ-JMLONMDFT&A�RXNMQO[INMT�AF^@QV^7QON9_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[IT�QOzF>3QO>/RXG&NMLV^@H"G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?N f QOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>Pp&x;zF>j?]QOLONMTFJXJMLONMDFT&A-RXNMQO[INMTXD&?]>@A7[IT7QOzF[e?\?]QOD&ACo-^@LO>KHI[e?]QO>@AX[IT-x�^@SFHI>B�Ppb�Cp�x;zF>?]QV^@QO[INMT-HINC_/^@QO[INMT-[e?\AC[e?]GFHe^/oP>@A3[IT7��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp , �Cp
¦�>j?]QV^@LOQ,¥\[IQOz7QOzF>j?]HI[IGXRXNCAC>/H�¥\zF[e_Vz7JM[InP>@?"QOzF>KS&>@?]Q s Q\QON3S&NMQOz$aWrg[X^@T&AU�G\aT([Cl b AF^@QV^{ad��\RXNCAC>/H �Vp�¦�>%^M?O?]DFRX>%^W_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ;�Cpb�,�CRU§@?yLODFGFQODFLO>\nP>/HINC_U[IQ]owf�NML"QOzF>\?]QV^@LOQO[ITFJKRXNCAC>/HF^@T&AB^_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ"LO[e?]>%QO[IRX>">@ZPD&^@H&QON , ?]>@_UNMT&A�p�\aT3QOzF[e?�G&^@LOQ;QOzF>\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ�G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L�QONKLO>/GFLONCACD&_U>%[e?QOzF>%QO[IRX>\^@QM¥\zF[e_VzB>@^M_VzX?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ"LODFGFQODFLO>@?UYx¥;>%_VzFNP?]>%QONKJM[InP>%^KJMLO>@^@QO>/LM¥;>/[IJMzCQ�QONKQOzF>%LODFGFQODFLO>QO[IRX>KQOzFLONMDFJMz�QOzF>3_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>BR7^@QOLO[IE�p�l f�QO>/LW?]>/nP>/LV^@H�QO>@?]QV?%QON s T&A9QOzF>BS&>@?]Qj_UNMTCnP>/LOJM>/T&_U>@¥;>_VzFNP?]>9^�?]R7^@HIHI>/Lj^9GFLO[INMLO[%nM^@LO[e^@T&_U> f�NML3QOzF>-LO[e?]>7QO[IRX>-{#� ��� , �C���B^@T&A QOzF>9?]HI[IG�^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>{#� ����� . ���BQOz&^@T f�NMLXQOzF>9LODFGFQODFLO>9QO[IRX>�{#� ��� , �M�C���Vp�¦�>�^M?O?]DFRX>�^�?]R7^@HIH\nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>9NMTQOzF>XAF^@QV^-QON-R7^@QV_Vz9QOzF>3LO>/HI[e^@SFHI>3NMTF>@?KQOzF>3S&>@?]QB^M?KG&NP?O?][ISFHI>Pp��FNMLKQOzF[e?K>/nP>/TCQ/Y�NMTFHIo9QOzF>3QOzFLO>/>_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQV?�N f ?]QV^@QO[INMT&?;lL[C� , �CYPd9x%=�YC^@T&AXkgZ b xWY f�NMLM¥\zF[e_Vz3^%He^/oP>/L�RXNCAC>/HF[e?�^@TX^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>^M?O?]DFRXGFQO[INMT&?UYP^@LO>\[ITCnP>/LOQO>@A�p \aT3NMDFL�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT@¥;>\JP^/nP>%^WJMLO>@^@QO>/LM¥;>/[IJMzCQ�QONKQOzF>%AC[IJM[IQV^@H&?]QV^@QO[INMT&?lL[C� , �9^@T&A�kgZ b x¨¥\zF[e_Vz�z&^/nP>X^M_/ZPDF[e?][IQO[INMT�?]oF?]QO>/R�N f zF[IJMzF>/LBACoCT&^@RX[e_/?%SCo�JM[InC[ITFJ9?]R7^@HIHI>/LnM^@LO[e^@T&_U>@?3{#� � � , � , �C���j_UNMRXG&^@LO>@A�QON9?]QV^@QO[INMT�d9x%={#� � �(�C�b� | �:¥\zF[e_Vz�AC[eA�TFNMQBLO>@_UNMLVAC>@AQOzF>WS&>/JM[ITFTF[ITFJBN f QOzF>j?][IJMT&^@HapFl f�QO>/L\?]>/nP>/LV^@H�QOLO[e^@Hy^@T&AX>/LOLONMLV?�¥;>KAC>@_U[eAC>@A3QONBJM[InP>%TFNZ¥;>/[IJMzCQ"QONQOzF>BNMQOzF>/Lj?]QV^@QO[INMT&?3{#� � � , �� /�%S&>@_/^@D&?]>3N f QOzF>/[ILWHe^M_/�7N f LO>/HI[e^@SF[IHI[IQ]oXNMLj_UNMRXGFHI>/E7?][IQO>3> vu>@_UQV?Upx;zF>X[IQO>/LV^@QO[InP>3GFLONC_U>@ACDFLO>9{5Z"ZPD&^@QO[INMTm�Pp �C�K_UNMTCnP>/LOJM>@?KQON�^P�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_jRXNCAC>/HM¥\zF[e_Vz�R7^@QV_VzF>@?QOzF>jTF>@^@Lws >/HeA7AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?"S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T9�Cp , ^@T&A , p | � � p&x;zF>B[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT7LO>@?]DFHIQV?%^@LO>BAC[e?]GFHe^/oP>@ANMT���[IJMDFLO>7�Pp , �Cp�x;zF>X[ITF[IQO[e^@H;?]HI[IG AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�[e?j?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQOHIo9RXNCAC[ts >@A�YyzFN�¥;>/nP>/LWQOzF>XR7^@[IT?]HI[IG � NMTF>3[e?K?]QO[IHIH�HINC_/^@QO>@A�NMT�QOzF>3TFNMLOQOz�G&^@LOQjN f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQjSFDFQj?]HI[IJMzCQOHIo9?]z&^@HIHIN�¥;>/LKQOz&^@T�¥\[IQOz
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � � �
*�+-,�.P�Ppb� / 1�35DE8�:6�MA=8635798�:M;K354635798�:�; W�� ¢ ��� �Eu ¢ � ¢ J>K8 ;��7�>K: �K>g�Cl�F�DO4�:'< �E;K357�35F�358LuL4 l�798�:'46H�><�7 ¢ >E8 � ;�7��@4�3S>KACB'8�DE46H�:�>@3 �-8�D���W
������� �� ����� ����������� ���� ����������� ������������������ ����! �E�#��� �#��! � �#"E� $ �&%' �� $)(��� � � � ����! � " �#��! � �#� � �����*,+ $ ����! /�#�#� �E��! "#�/��� ������ -���.0/ ����! "/��� � �E��! �/�'�#� �������-� �1 ����! "E�E�#� �#��! � �# � ������ -,2� �1 ����! � �#�# �#��! � � � � $ �&%' �� $ (-,��� ����! �#"/�#� �#��! �#� " ������ -,��- �'��! � �'�#� �E��! �E� �" �������102� ����! � � �# �E��! "E�#� � �������$ *,3 ����! � � �" �#��! �/���#� ������ 45/, �'��! �#� " �#��! ���"#� ������ ��-�. ����! � �#�#� �#��! �#�#�#� ������ ��2�.�� �'��! � "/�#� �E��! �#"# " �������
����6�����7)89��� �� �: �#��; �#� ��<������������ �� 3=����� <#�> :? @ ������� �� :#?��� � � � ��! � �#�*,+ $ ��! � ��"-���.0/ ��! � �' -� �1 �! � �
-,��� ��! � �' $ *,3 ��! � �� 45/, ��! � �����-�. ��! � �'�
����6�����7)89��� �� �: � " ; � � ��<������������ �� 3=����� <#�> :? @ ������� �� :#?��� � � � ��! � � �*,+ $ ��! � ���-���.0/ ��! � ���-� �1 �! � �-,��� ��! � ���$ *,3 ��! � � �45/, ��! � �����-�. ��! � ���
2�A����89��� �'��:���� ; ��� ��<������������ �� 3=����� <#�> :? @ ������� �� :#?������ ��! � �'���� � � � ��! � � �-���.0/ ��! � �'�-,2� �1 ��! � ���-,��- ��! � �102� ��! � ��"��2�.�� ��! � ���
� ��� � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
5.7 6.0
5.65.6
12˚ 30' 12˚ 45' 13˚ 00'
42˚ 45'
43˚ 00'
43˚ 15'
AS010
BVG
CLF
CSA
GBP
MTL
NCR
CERT
Assisi Stallone
Bevagna
Castelnuovo Assisi
Gubbio Piana
Matelica
Nocera Umbra
Cerreto di Spoleto
ANNI
COLF
NORA
FOL
CSC
Annifo
Colfiorito
Norcia
Foligno
Cascia0 10 20
km
egf9hC.F�Pp , � / w 8��@4635798�:�A=4KB%<�7I;SB�HI4�x679:6�L;K35DE8�:6�MA=8635798�:=;K354635798�:�;GF6; >E<M79:�39?'7I;O;K35F�<�xL4�:'<L;�F�D�z|4��K>B(DE8 � >��K35798�:�8 z�39?�> z|4�F�H^3OA=8 <�>@H�W ?�>LHI79:�>E;CB'4�DE46H�H�>@H�358�39?�> z|4�F�H^3gA=8 <�>@H ;M4�D@>G39?�>M79:�3S>KDE; >��K35798�:_8 z39?�> z|4�F�H^3�B�HI4�:�>GB(DE86HI8�:6��4635798�: �-7�39?$39?�>M;�F�D�z|4��K>�W�� ����F�DE463S> �@8�ACB�H�>@3S>�<�7^��7�3546H�; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;=4�D@>4���4�7�HI4�mKH�> z|8�DG39?�>L39?'D@>@>LA=4�79:$>�� >K:�39;�463-;K354635798�:�;L�C1 � R � 4�:'<_j�vM£ W
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � ��
Rise time, s
-5
0
0 5
1
Rise time, s
-5
0
0 5
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
s
Slip amplitude, m
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
Slip amplitude, m
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
Dep
th, k
m
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
m
Rupture time, s
-5
0
0 5Distance along strike, km
Rupture time, s
-5
0
0 5Distance along strike, km
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
0
1
2
3
4
5
s
egf9hC.;�Pp , � / o$4KB';�8 z 39?�>%DK7I; >�3579A�>E¤C;KHI7 B%¤L4�:'<nDKF�B�35F�D@>=3579A�>�8�mK354�79:�>E<nm�x_79:�3S>KD5B'86HI4635798�:q8 z39?�>GD@>E;�F�H^39; z|8�F�:'<�m�xL39?�>L7�3S>KDE46357�� >CHI8��@46H�79: � >KDE;�798�:�8 z 39?�>G:�>E4�D � >@HI<=; >K7I;�A=86HI8@��7��@46H(<�46354 z|8�DO39?�>��� ��� �%>�� >K:�3SW
� ��� � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_jAF^@QV^Cp�x;zF>�s Q%[IT-QO[IRX>%S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T9AF^@QV^X^@T&A-?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_/?;[e?%?]zFN�¥\T9[IT9��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp , �Fpyx;zF>QONMQV^@H"nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>BLO>@ACD&_UQO[INMT {a_ f�p�k"NMzF>/>B>/Q: ;>/LON � ^CY ,�./. �MS��wf�NMLKQOzF[e?%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT-[e?W� . �(^@T&A9QOzF>?]NMHIDFQO[INMT [e? f�NMDFT&A�^�f�QO>/LB��]9[IQO>/LV^@QO[INMT&?Up�x;zF>-ZPD&^@HI[IQ]o�N fwQOzF>7R7^@QV_Vz�S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T ?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_/?j^@T&ANMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?W[e?K^@S&NMDFQj^M?WJMNPNCA ^M?K_/^@T9LO>@^M?]NMT&^@SFHIo9S&>3>/ECG&>@_UQO>@A�Y&JM[InP>/T-QOzF>BDFT&_U>/LOQV^@[ITCQO[I>@?\[ITQOzF>3nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o7RXNCAC>/H"^@T&A9QOzF>3RX[e?O?][ITFJXQOLO[IJMJM>/LO[ITFJ7QO[IRX>jN f QOzF>X?]QOLONMTFJ-RXNMQO[INMT�AF^@QV^Cp�l\QK?]NMRX>?]QV^@QO[INMT&?�TFNMQ�D&?]>@AK[ITKQOzF>"[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyY/?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_�RXNMQO[INMT&?�JM>/TF>/LV^@HIHIo%DFT&AC>/LO>@?]QO[IR7^@QO>"^M_UQOD&^@HF?][IJMT&^@Hapx;zF[e?WDFT&AC>/LO>@?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMT-[IT9RXNP?]QWN f QOzF>3_/^M?]>X_/^@T�S&>3[ITCQO>/LOGFLO>/QO>@A7[IT9QO>/LOR�N f ?][IQO>B> vu>@_UQV?%QOz&^@Q¥;>/LO>\TFNMQ;RXNCAC>/HIHI>@AKNML"QV^��P>/T3[ITCQONK_UNMT&?][eAC>/LV^@QO[INMTX[ITBQOzF>WAC[ILO>@_UQ�RXNCAC>/HI[ITFJFpM�FNML;>/EF^@RXGFHI>;?][IJMT&^@He?LO>@_UNMLVAC>@A ^@Q �¡La ^@T&AmkO[Cl�^@LO>7GFLONMS&^@SFHIo�^@RXGFHI[ts >@A�ACDF>7QON�QOzF>-?]N f�QX?]NM[IH%_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMTyp"x;zF>_UDFR3DFHe^@QO>@A-RXNMRX>/TCQW^@T&A�QOzF>7?]NMDFLV_U>XQO[IRX>�f�DFT&_UQO[INMT�_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AC[ITFJ9QON-QOzF>XRXNCAC>/H;?]zFN�¥\T�[IT��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp , �B[e?;GFHINMQOQO>@AX[IT-��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp ,/| px;zF> s T&^@HjRXNMRX>/TCQ�f�NMDFT&A�[e?7�C� | � , �x��� � � ^@T&A�QOzF[e?XnM^@HIDF>�[e?7?]HI[IJMzCQOHIo HI>@?O?XQOz&^@TQOzF>
NMTF>@?wf�NMDFT&A9D&?][ITFJ fh^@LOQOzF>/LWLO>@_UNMLVAF?B{]���j���F�b�!� , �x��� � � ��Z2�F?]QOL��NMR >@3G46H�W Y ,�./. ]-^@T&A����B��C�^] � , � ��� � � �� � [I>�¥;NMT&?#�C[ >@3O46H�W Y&�M�M�M�P�Vp
���������� # �'&(� +�!'# ����(��� �������q�i�0 )��U� � ) � �$�x�(�����FNML\QOzF>j� . � �P�j>/nP>/TCQ/Yx¥;>K^@He?]NX?]QV^@LOQG¥\[IQOzXQOzF>j?]HI[IGXRXNCAC>/H�¥\zF[e_VzXJM[InP>@?"QOzF>WS&>@?]Q s Q\QONBS&NMQOz
aWrg[X^@T&AP�G\aT([Cl b AF^@QV^X{ad��KRXNCAC>/H �Vp�¦�>j^M?O?]DFRX>W^@T7[ITF[IQO[e^@H��Cpb�@�CRU§@?"LODFGFQODFLO>WnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oB^@T&A^B_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ%LO[e?]>WQO[IRX>%>@ZPD&^@H�QON , ?]>@_UNMT&A�p%¦�>WD&?]>@AXQOzF>j?O^@RX>WnM^@HIDF>wf�NML%QOzF>K_UN@nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>KNMT7QOzF>G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?\N f QOzF>BRXNCAC>/He?%^M?WQOzF>BNMTF>@?WD&?]>@Agf�NMLWQOzF>3�M��b�M�7>/nP>/TCQ/p%¦�>BD&?]>@A-QOzF>3?O^@RX>jQOzFLO>/>?]QV^@QO[INMT&?\D&?]>@A f�NML\QOzF>B�M��b�M�B>/nP>/TCQ\^@T&A7QOzF>j?O^@RX>6¥;>/[IJMzCQ/p&�FNML\QOzF[e?;>/nP>/TCQ\?]QOD&ACoP¥;>j^@He?]N3D&?]>@A�Kk b ?]QV^@QO[INMT {#� � ��C�b� | �G¥\zF[e_Vz7[e?\HINC_/^@QO>@A7NMT9QOzF>jz&^@TFJM[ITFJ ¥\^@HIH ��D&?]QW^@S&N@nP>jQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ/p�x;zF>[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXLO>@?]DFHIQV?\^@LO>jAC[e?]GFHe^/oP>@A3NMT9��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp , �Cpx;zF>%[ITF[IQO[e^@H&?]HI[IG3AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTB[e?"^@He?]Nj?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQOHIojRXNCAC[ts >@A f�NML"QOzF>W� . � �P�W>/nP>/TCQ/pMx;zF>%R7^@[IT?]HI[IG � NMTF>B[e?K?]QO[IHIH�HINC_/^@QO>@A9NMT�QOzF>3?]NMDFQOz�G&^@LOQjN f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQj^@T&A�?]HI[IJMzCQOHIo9?]z&^@HIHIN�¥;>/LWQOz&^@T�¥\[IQOzJM>/NCAC>/QO[e_KAF^@QV^Cp&l?]>@_UNMT&A7^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]oX^@GFG&>@^@LV?\[IT7QOzF>WQONMG-TFNMLOQOzF>/LOT7G&^@LOQ\N f QOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ/p&x;zF>ws Q\[IT
QO[IRX>KS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T9AF^@QV^7^@T&A�?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_/?\[e?W?]zFN�¥\T9[IT���[IJMDFLO>X�Pp , ]Cpyx;zF>BQONMQV^@H�nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>BLO>@ACD&_UQO[INMTf�NMLBQOzF[e?K[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�[e?j�P� ��^@T&A�QOzF>7?]NMHIDFQO[INMT [e? f�NMDFT&A ^�f�QO>/LB� , [IQO>/LV^@QO[INMT&?Up�x;zF>7_UDFR3DFHe^@QO>@ARXNMRX>/TCQ\^@T&A9QOzF>3?]NMDFLV_U>BQO[IRX> f�DFT&_UQO[INMT�_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AC[ITFJ7QONXQOzF>BRXNCAC>/H�?]zFN�¥\T�[IT9��[IJMDFLO>X�Pp , �[e?;GFHINMQOQO>@AX[IT-��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp , �Ppx;zF> s T&^@H�RXNMRX>/TCQ f�NMDFT&A7[e?C]C�b� � , �x��� � ��^@T&A7QOzF[e?\nM^@HIDF>K[e?\?]HI[IJMzCQOHIoXHI>@?O?;QOz&^@T-QOzF>KNMTF>@?
f�NMDFT&A�D&?][ITFJ-LO>/JM[INMT&^@H\^@T&A�QO>/HI>@?]>/[e?]RX[e_KAF^@QV^�{]���3� , �C�b� � , �x��� � � �-Z2�F?]QOL��NMR >@3L46H�W Y ,�./. ]^@T&A����B� ,/, � � � , �x��� � � �=� � [I>�¥;NMT&?#�C[ >@3G46H�W Y��M�M�M�P�Vp�x;zF>3^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>7?]NMDFLV_U>BQO[IRX> f�DFT&_UQO[INMT[e?%_UNMRXG&NP?]>@AXN f�^X?][ITFJMHI>KGFDFHe?]>Pp�\aQV?%?]z&^@G&>3^@T&A7[IQV?%ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�{]�3?V�\^@LO>j[IT-^@JMLO>/>/RX>/TCQ�¥\[IQOz-QOzF>?]NMDFLV_U>WQO[IRX> f�DFT&_UQO[INMTXN f��%HI[InC[I>/LO[F>/QOZ2�F?]QOL��NMR�{ ,�././. �Vp&r�[ITFN >@3g46H�W { ,�././. �\AC>/LO[InP>@ABQOzF>WLO>/He^@QO[InP>RXNMRX>/TCQ&LV^@QO>�f�DFT&_UQO[INMTKD&?][ITFJK^@Tj>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H�a%LO>/>/T f�DFT&_UQO[INMTKRX>/QOzFNCAK^@T&AB^@He?]N%NMS&?]>/LOnP>;^W?]>@_UNMT&A?]R7^@HIHI>/L%GFDFHe?]>X^@QjQOzF>Xl � c�d->@AF�%>/QK?]QV^@QO[INMT�HINC_/^@QO>@An[PNMDFQOz�N f QOzF>3LO>/JM[INMTyp�x;zF>%[PNMDFQOz¥\^@LVA
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � � �
egf9hC.C�Pp , � / 1�35DE8�:6�MA=8635798�:M; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;O8 z 39?�> ��� ��� �=>E4�D@39?'p�F�4���>LQ9;�86HI79<LHI79:�> U �@8�ACB'4�D@>E<��-7�39?;�x6:�39?�>@357��M; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;�Q5<�4 ;@?�>E<�HI79:�> U �@46H���F�HI463S>E<�F6;�79:6�%39?�>MA=8 <�>@H�<�7I;SB�HI4�x�>E<�8�: �g7^��F�D@> � W9R ��W��8�DM>E4��@?%;K354635798�:_39?�> � �@8�ACB'8�:�>K:�39;=8 z�m@8639?_4��K35F�46H-4�:'<�39?�>E8�D@>@357��@46H(; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;L4�D@>gB�HI863�3S>E<463�39?�>G;�4�A�>M4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>G;�@46H�>M<�>@354�7�H�>E<%8�:�39?�>MDK7^� ?�3g8 z�39?�>C��DE4KB'?�; W
� ��� � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.010
17 N
.m.s
-1
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0Time, s
0
1
2
3
4
5
Sei
smic
mom
ent,
1017
N.m
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0Time, s
egf9hC.F�Pp ,/|0/ j�F�A=F�HI463S>E<L; >K7I;�A=7��LA=8�A�>K:�3SW �K:�3S>���DE4635798�:�8�:�39?�> z|4�F�H^3-8 z 39?�>g;�K>K:'4�DK798=<�7I;SB�HI4�x�>E<79: � ��F�D@> � W9R �%A=F�H^357 B�HI7�>E<_m�x�39?�>=HI8��@46H(;@?�>E4�DMA=8 <�F�HIF6;�Q 4�mKH�> � W9R Ui4 ;=4�z|F�: �K35798�:n8 z 4�m@;�86HIF�3S>3579A�>=8 z�39?�> ��� ��� ��>�� >K:�3=Q5m@863�358�A U 4�:'<%7�39;�<�>KDK7���4635798�:x¤O39?�> � � 4�m@;�86HIF�3S>M;�8�F�D��K>L3579A�> z|F�: �K35798�: � �Q�358KB UXW
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � � �
Rise time, s
-5
0
0 5 10
1
1
1.25
1.5
Rise time, s
-5
0
0 5 10
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
s
Slip amplitude, m
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5 10
0.20.2
0.2
0.2
0.4 0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
Slip amplitude, m
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5 10
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
Dep
th, k
m
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
m
Rupture time, s
-5
0
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
23
Rupture time, s
-5
0
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
s
egf9hC.;�Pp , � / o$4KB';�8 z 39?�>%DK7I; >�3579A�>E¤C;KHI7 B%¤L4�:'<nDKF�B�35F�D@>=3579A�>�8�mK354�79:�>E<nm�x_79:�3S>KD5B'86HI4635798�:q8 z39?�>GD@>E;�F�H^39; z|8�F�:'<�m�xL39?�>L7�3S>KDE46357�� >CHI8��@46H�79: � >KDE;�798�:�8 z 39?�>G:�>E4�D � >@HI<=; >K7I;�A=86HI8@��7��@46H(<�46354 z|8�DO39?�>� T � � � >�� >K:�3SW
� � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.010
17 N
.m.s
-1
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0Time, s
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Sei
smic
mom
ent,
1017
N.m
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0Time, s
egf9hC.\�Pp , � / j�F�A=F�HI463S>E<_; >K7I;�A=7���A=8�A�>K:�3 �@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'<�79:6�_358$39?�>�;�K>K:'4�DK798n<�7I;SB�HI4�x�>E<n79: � t��F�D@> � W9R � Q 4�mKH�> � W9R U 8 z 39?�> � T � � � >�� >K:�3�Q5m@863�358�A U 4�:'<�39?�>�4�m@;�86HIF�3S>=;�8�F�D��K>M3579A�> z|F�: �K35798�:Q�358KB UXW
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � �
AC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]ojN f QOzF>j�M��b�M�B>/nP>/TCQ\^@T&A7QOzF>j�%NMLOQOz¥\^@LVA7AC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]ojN f QOzF>j� . � �P�B>/nP>/TCQ;[e?\_UHI>@^@L;[IT��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp , �7^@T&A7[IT-��[IJMDFLO>3�Pp , ]3_UNMRXG&^@LO[ITFJBQOzF>@¥\^/nP> f�NMLOR ^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>K^@T&A-ACDFLV^@QO[INMT9N f S&NMQOz>/nP>/TCQV?�^@Q\?]QV^@QO[INMT&?\kgZ b xm^@T&AXlL[C� , �KHINC_/^@QO>@AX^@Q;QOzF>W?]NMDFQOzF>/LOT7^@T&A3QOzF>%TFNMLOQOzF>/LOTX>@ACJM>%N f QOzF>fh^@DFHIQ\LO>@?]G&>@_UQO[InP>/HIoPp
��������� � ����� �� ��� � � � ��� � ����� � � � ����
� � �2� � � ����(��� ��������FNML�QOzF>C[P>/HIHe^@TFNW>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>;N f �W_UQONMS&>/L , �FYMQOzF>\?]G&^@LV?]>W_UNMT s JMDFLV^@QO[INMT3N fuQOzF>CaWrg[KTF>/Q#¥;NMLE�AC[eAjTFNMQ"^@HIHIN�¥ QONKRX>@^M?]DFLO>\?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQ�AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?�{S[C^@HInC[ >@3�46H�W {a�M�M�M�P�O�VpCx;zF>,�G\aT([Cl b AF^@QV^?]>/Q�D&?]>@A f�NML�QOzF[e?�>/nP>/TCQy[e?�_UNMRXG&NP?]>@AKN f �M�M�WG&NM[ITCQV?�>/ECQOLV^M_UQO>@A f�LONMR�QOzF>\[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R�S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T
l%DFJMD&?]Q . ^@T&A �W_UQONMS&>/L , �Pp�\aQK[e?WTFNMQjTF>@_U>@?O?O^@LOo9QON9_UNMT&?][eAC>/Lj^7He^@LOJM>/LjAF^@QV^-?]>/QKS&>@_/^@D&?]>XQOzF>[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTXLO>@ACDFT&AF^@T&_Uo ¥;NMDFHeAX[ITCnPNMHInP>PYM[IT7QOzF[e?;_/^M?]>PY&?][ITFJMDFHe^@LO[IQ]o3GFLONMSFHI>/R7?"D&?][ITFJBQOzF>KHI>@^M?]Q��?OZPD&^@LO>7[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT ?O_VzF>/RX>Pp�¦�>7z&^/nP>7_VzFNP?]>/T ^�?]QV^@T&AF^@LVA�AC>/nC[e^@QO[INMT >@ZPD&^@H;QON���_UR f�NMLB>@^M_VzG&NM[ITCQ/pCx;zF[e?">@?]QO[IR7^@QO>@AKnM^@HIDF>W[e?�R7^@[ITFHIoB^M?O_ULO[IS&>@ABQONjQOzF>W^@R3SF[IJMDFNMD&?�LO>/He^@QO[INMT&?]zF[IG3S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T3QOzF>GFz&^M?]>jAC[tvu>/LO>/T&_U>\RX>@^M?]DFLO>@A[¥\[IQOzXQOzF>K?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>W^@T&A3QOzF>K^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>jAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ�RXNCAC>/HIHI>@A�pP�FNMLQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ;G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMTyY¥;>WD&?]>@AXQOzF>KG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?"N f RXNCAC>/Hyd-NCAC�BN f [C^@HInC[ >@3g46H�W {a�M�M�M�P�Vpx;zF>W?]QOLO[��P>PY@QOzF>WAC[IGX^@T&ABQOzF>%LV^��P>%N f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ;^@LO>%>@ZPD&^@He?�QON , � | Y@YM� | Y\^@T&A � . �6Y;LO>@?]G&>@_UQO[InP>/HIoPp¦�> s LV?]Q�RXNCAC>/HIHI>@A\QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ=¥\[IQOzB^;LO>@_UQV^@TFJMHI>M¥\zF[e_VzK[e?y���F�¨¥\[eAC>;^@HINMTFJ%QOzF>;AC[IGj^@T&A . �CR�HINMTFJ^@HINMTFJWQOzF>%?]QOLO[��P>Pp@x;zF> fh^@DFHIQ�[e?�AC[InC[eAC>@AK[ITCQONW�@�K?OZPD&^@LO>%?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?UpPx;zF>\zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L;{ �P�C� . ,�. �6Y/�jY, �C� . �M�M�6Y�Z;�;[e?\HINC_/^@QO>@A-�Z�CR f�LONMR(QOzF>jTFNMLOQOz9>@ACJM>jN f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQW^@HINMTFJXQOzF>B?]QOLO[��P>j^@T&A-�Fp | �CR^@HINMTFJ9QOzF>XAC[IG f�LONMR�QOzF>3QONMG N f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQjHINC_/^@QO>@A�^@QB^9AC>/GFQOz�N f �Cp �U�CR9pyx;zF>XHI>@^M?]Q�� ?OZPD&^@LO>[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT3D&?][ITFJBQOzF[e?;G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMTX^@T&A7^@T-zFNMRXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&?"[ITF[IQO[e^@H&RXNCAC>/Hy� �K{a?]HI[IGX[e?">@ZPD&^@HQONW�M�W_URQON%z&^/nP>;^@Tj[ITF[IQO[e^@HPRXNMRX>/TCQ�_UNMT&?][e?]QO>/TCQ=¥\[IQOzjQOzF>"NMTF>�f�NMDFT&AjSCoLZ2�F?]QOL��NMR >@3�46H�W { ,�./. ]P�O�[e?\?]zFN�¥\T-[IT-��[IJMDFLO>B�Pp ,�. px;zF>j?]HI[IG7[e?"HINC_/^@QO>@AX[IT7QOzF>KTFNMLOQOz7S&NMQOQONMR(G&^@LOQ\N f QOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ/p&x;zF>j?]HI[IGXLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7[e?;S&>/QOQO>/L
^@Q;?]z&^@HIHIN�¥mAC>/GFQOzBGFLONMS&^@SFHIoXACDF>\QONKQOzF>%zF[IJMzF>/L"?]DFL�fh^M_U>W?]>/T&?][IQO[InC[IQ]oWQONB?]z&^@HIHIN�¥�?]HI[IG7{a�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> �>@3C46H�W Y ,�././. �Vp�x;zF[e?%RXNCAC>/H s QV?%>/ECQOLO>/RX>/HIo[¥;>/HIH�QOzF>[�G\aT([Cl b AF^@QV^Cp�=&>@?O?%QOz&^@T�NMTF>BQOzF[ILVA7N f ^f�LO[ITFJM>XLO>/R7^@[IT&?WDFTF>/ECGFHe^@[ITF>@A f�NML3^@HIH;QOzF>7AF^@QV^�?]>/QjNMT�^/nP>/LV^@JM>Pp�x;zF>7?]HI[IG�[e?B^@HIHIN�¥;>@A�QON9nM^@LOoN@nP>/Lj^-He^@LOJM>/L fh^@DFHIQj[IT ^9?]>@_UNMT&A�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyp�x;zF>X[IT � DF>/T&_U>3N fwQOzF>X[ITF[IQO[e^@H fh^@DFHIQB?][ � >X^@T&A�QOzF>LO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMTKRXNCAC[tsu_/^@QO[INMTK^@LO>"QO>@?]QO>@AW[ITCQOLONCACD&_U[ITFJ;TF>�¥�G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?Up/x;zF>;?O^@RX>�G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMT[e?X^MACNMGFQO>@A�>/EF_U>/GFQ3NMTF>9RXNMLO>-?]DFS fh^@DFHIQ-^@HIHW^@LONMDFT&AmQOzF>gs LV?]Q fh^@DFHIQ3RXNCAC>/Hap"x;zF>9TCDFR3S&>/LBN f?]DFS fh^@DFHIQV?;[e?;TFN�¥�>@ZPD&^@H�QONB��]Cp&x;zF>KLO>@?]DFHIQ;N f QOzF>K[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTZ¥\[IQOz7QOzF[e?"TF>�¥ fh^@DFHIQ%?][ � >,¥\[IQOz7QOzF>?O^@RX>W[ITF[IQO[e^@Hy?]HI[IG-^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>%[e?;GFHINMQOQO>@AXNMT9��[IJMDFLO>B�Ppb�M�Cpx;zF>j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT-^@He?]NX?]zFN�¥%?W^3?][ITFJMHI>B^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]oXHINC_/^@QO>@A-^@HIRXNP?]Q%^@QWQOzF>B?O^@RX>WGFHe^M_U>jSFDFQ,¥\[IQOz
HI>@?O?%^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>j^@T&A-RXNMLO>B?]GFLO>@^MA-NMT9QOzF> fh^@DFHIQWGFHe^@TF>Pp�[PDFLOGFLO[e?][ITFJMHIo7QOzF>BQONMQV^@H"AF^@QV^�s QW[e?\TFNMQ[IRXGFLON@nP>@AB^@T&A7LO>/R7^@[ITXQOzF>K?O^@RX>6¥\zF[IHI>KQOzF>WTCDFR3S&>/L;N f G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?"[e?;Q#¥\[e_U>PpCx;zF[e?%_/^@T7S&>K>/E��
� � � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
egf9hC.C�Pp , ] / 1�35DE8�:6�MA=8635798�:M; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;O8 z 39?�> � T � � � >E4�D@39?'p�F�4���>LQ9;�86HI79<LHI79:�> U �@8�ACB'4�D@>E< �-7�39?;�x6:�39?�>@357��M; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;�Q5<�4 ;@?�>E<�HI79:�> U �@46H���F�HI463S>E<�F6;�79:6�%39?�>MA=8 <�>@H�<�7I;SB�HI4�x�>E<�8�: �g7^��F�D@> � W9R ��W��8�DM>E4��@?%;K354635798�:_39?�> � �@8�ACB'8�:�>K:�39;=8 z�m@8639?_4��K35F�46H-4�:'<�39?�>E8�D@>@357��@46H(; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;L4�D@>gB�HI863�3S>E<463g39?�>G;�4�A�>L4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>G;�@46H�>M<�>@354�7�H�>E<%8�:�39?�>MDK7^� ?�3O8 z�39?�>C��DE4KB'?�; W
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � �
Slip, m
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
-6
-5
-4
-3
Dep
th, k
m
Resolution, %
-5
0
0 5Distance along strike, km
20
-6
-5
-4
-3
300 SAR points
010203040506070
Num
ber
-100 0 100Misfit, mm
= 0.6 mmµ
= 12 mmσ
egf9hC.;�Pp ,�.{/ Q�358KB U j�DE8 ;@;�; >��K35798�:�8 z 39?�>�<�7 B�t�;KHI7 B�<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:q<�>@3S>KDKA=79:�>E< z|DE8�A 39?�>%H�>E4 ;K3�t;�p�F�4�D@>E;=79: � >KDE;�798�:_8 z�39?�> � �K:�1'�,£ <�46354MB'8�79:�39;=8 z�39?�>�N �K358�mK>KDE¤CR �n>�� >K:�3SW ?�> z|4�F�H^3C7I; �@8�AMtB'8 ; >E<�8 z�3 ��>K:�35x z|8�F�DMR�W ���6A ;�79<�>C;�p�F�4�D@>C;�F�m z|4�F�H^39; W ?�> �@8�:�358�F�DGHI79:�>M79:�3S>KD���46H�7I; � W � A�W ?�>��DK79<�D@>5B(D@>E; >K:�39;�39?�> z|4�F�H^3GA=8 <�>@H�; >��K35798�:�Q5:'8�D@39? ��>E;K3G8�:$H�>�zV3j¤C;�8�F�39?�>E4 ;K3G8�:nDK7^� ?�3 U <�7I;SB�HI4�x679:6�39?�>g;�F�m z|4�F�H^3�<�7I;��D@>@357Il�4635798�:�W-Q5A=79<�<�H�> Ur£G>E;�86HIF�35798�:�8�:�39?�>CA=8 <�>@H6B'4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDE;�;@?'8��-79:6�M?'8�� ��>@H�H4�;KHI7 Bq79:$4=B(D@>���7I; >=4�D@>E4%8�:$39?�> z|4�F�H^3G7I;�D@>E;�86H�� >E< �@8�ACB'4�D@>E<�358�4�:n8639?�>KDL;KHI7 B�4�D@>E4�¤g39?�>�D@>E;�86tHIF�35798�:�7I;�79:%B�>KD��K>K:�3G4�:'<�39?�> �@8�:�358�F�DMHI79:�>%79:�3S>KD���46Hg7I;%R ��� WGQ5m@863�358�A U �L7I;K358@��DE4�AL;M;@?'8��-79:6��@8�F�:�3-4 ;G4 z|F�: �K35798�:%8 z 39?�>GD@>E;�79<�F�46H�<�7 ��>KD@>K: �K>CmK>@3 ��>@>K: � �K:�1'�,£~<�46354OB'8�79:�39;G4�:'<L1(x6:�39?�>@357��@; W
� '� � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
Slip, m
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5 10
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.6-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
Dep
th, k
m
Resolution, %
-5
0
0 5 10Distance along strike, km
10
10
20
20
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
300 SAR points
010203040506070
Num
ber
-100 0 100Misfit, mm
= -1.9 mmµ
= 13 mmσ
egf9hC.F�Ppb�M� / 1(4�A�>C4 ;G79: �g7^��F�D@> � W9R6T=m�F�3-7I;C39?'7I;��@4 ; >g39?�> z|4�F�H^3�B�HI4�:�>O;�F�D�z|4��K>O7I;C3 �-7��K>C4�:'<M39?�>z|4�F�H^3g7I; �@8�ACB'8 ; >E<=8 z-z|8�D@35x=>K7^� ?�3CR�W � �6A~;�79<�>C;�p�F�4�D@>O;�F�m z|4�F�H^39; W ?�> z|4�F�H^3-;�7Il >L8 z �g7^��F�D@> � W9R6T7I;M<�>@HI79A=7�3S>E< �-7�39?_<�4 ;@?�>E<�HI79:�>E; W
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � �
GFHe^@[ITF>@ABSCojQOzF> fh^M_UQ"QOz&^@Q/YPQOzF>%TCDFR3S&>/L�N f DFT%�CTFN�¥\TXz&^M?"[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>@AB^@HIHIN�¥\[ITFJKRXNMLO> f�LO>/>@ACNMR f�NMLQOzF>%AF^@QV^ws Q�SFDFQ"[ITBQOzF>%?O^@RX>�¥\^/ojQOzF>%?]>/T&?][IQO[InC[IQ]oWN fu>@^M_VzBG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L�AC>@_ULO>@^M?]>@AX{a��[IJMDFLO>%�Pp ,�. �Vpx;zF>@?]>WGFLONMSFHI>/R7?"N f DFTF[eZPDF>/TF>@?O?;^@T&AXLO>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT-^@LO>KAC[e?O_UD&?O?]>@AXSCo7k"NMQOQONMT7>/Q%k;^@RXGF[IHIHIN3{ ,�./.M| �[IT7QOzF>j_/^M?]>KN f QOzF>B=�^@T&AC>/LV?\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Pp
�( � ����&���' ����������(��� �������x;zF>�[ITF[IQO[e^@HWRXNCAC>/HW[e?7_VzFNP?]>/T�D&?][ITFJm?][IRXGFHI>9_ULO[IQO>/LO[INMT&?Up�¦�>�?]QV^@LOQP¥\[IQOz�QOzF>�?]HI[IG�RXNCAC>/H
AC[e?]GFHe^/oP>@A7NMT���[IJMDFLO>X�Pp ,�. ¥\zF[e_Vz-R7^@QV_VzF>@?G�G\aT([Cl b AF^@QV^Cp�¦�>3^M?O?]DFRX>B^7_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQK�Cpb� �CRU§@?LODFGFQODFLO>BnP>/HINC_U[IQ]o f�NMLKQOzF>3?]QV^@LOQO[ITFJ7RXNCAC>/H�^@T&A�^7_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQWLO[e?]>BQO[IRX>K>@ZPD&^@H�QON , ?]>@_UNMT&A�pyx;zF>QOzFLO>/>W_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQV?�N f ?]QV^@QO[INMT&?\lW�W�jYPk\�K=�YFlL[C� , �CYF^@T&A7kgZ b xWYC^@LO>W[ITCnP>/LOQO>@A�pMl%HIHFQOzF>@?]>WAF^@QV^^@LO>BAC[IJM[IQV^@H�^@T&A7z&^/nP>KLO>@_UNMLVAC>@AXQOzF>K>/TCQO[ILO>j?]QOLONMTFJ3RXNMQO[INMTyp�\aT7NMDFL%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT ¥;>jJP^/nP>j^BHe^@LOJM>/L¥;>/[IJMzCQjQON9QOzF>7?]QV^@QO[INMT�kgZ b x�HINC_/^@QO>@A ?]NMDFQOz N fwQOzF>7>/nP>/TCQ3{#� � � , � , �C�b�P�B^@T&A�HI>@?O?@¥;>/[IJMzCQQONXQOzF>jNMQOzF>/LV?W?]QV^@QO[INMT&?WHINC_/^@QO>@A7TFNMLOQOz�N f QOzF>B>/nP>/TCQK{#� � � , � . �b�P�Vpyx;zF>B[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT7LO>@?]DFHIQV?W^@LO>AC[e?]GFHe^/oP>@A�NMT���[IJMDFLO>9�Ppb� , ^@T&A QOzF> s Q3[IT�QO[IRX>3S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T�AF^@QV^�^@T&A�?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_/?j[e?3?]zFN�¥\T�[IT��[IJMDFLO>B�Ppb�M�Cpx;zF>BQONMQV^@H�nM^@LO[e^@T&_U>BLO>@ACD&_UQO[INMTgf�NMLWQOzF[e?%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT7[e? �h��] � ^@T&A9QOzF[e?W?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�¥\zF[e_Vz9ACNP>@?
TFNMQjLO>@^@HIHIo-R7^@QV_Vz9QOzF>XAF^@QV^7[e? f�NMDFT&A�^�f�QO>/L , �7[IQO>/LV^@QO[INMT&?Up�x;zF>3S&^MA�ZPD&^@HI[IQ]o-N f QOzF>3R7^@QV_Vz9[e?GFLONMS&^@SFHIo-ACDF>KQONBNMDFL%[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ;DFT&_U>/LOQV^@[ITCQ]o3NMT-QOzF>j^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>KQO[IRX>W[ITXQOzF>jAF^@QV^Cp
������� � ��� � � ��� � � �� ��������������� �� � ��� � ����� �� ��� � � ���� ��� � �
cW?][ITFJ3S&NMQOz-JM>/NCAC>/QO[e_j^@T&A7TF>@^@L s >/HeA-?]QOLONMTFJXJMLONMDFT&A7RXNMQO[INMT-AF^@QV^CY¥;>jz&^/nP>KNMSFQV^@[ITF>@A7QOzF>f�NMHIHIN�¥\[ITFJBLO>@?]DFHIQV?��x;zF>G[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/Ly�M�CY ,�./. �K��b�M�%>/nP>/TCQy[e?�_UNMRXG&NP?]>@AKN f ^W?][ITFJMHI>\^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]ojHINC_/^@QO>@AB_UHINP?]>;QONWQOzF>zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L;^@Q\^BAC>/GFQOz3LV^@TFJM[ITFJBS&>/Q#¥;>/>/TX�j^@T&A7�:�CR9YMQOzF>WLODFGFQODFLO>%GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT-[e?�DFTF[IHe^@QO>/LV^@H
QON�¥\^@LVA7QOzF>j?]NMDFQOzF>@^M?]QWAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTypx;zF>�[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L\�M�CY ,�./. � . � �P�3>/nP>/TCQ\z&^M?WSFLON��P>/T-[IT-QOzF>jNMGFG&NP?][IQO>XAC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT�{ QON�¥\^@LVA-QOzF>TFNMLOQOz¥;>@?]QU�VpFx;zF>WQ#¥;Nj>/nP>/TCQV?�z&^/nP>%TFNMQ\LODFGFQODFLO>@A3[ITX^@T7DFTF[eZPDF>%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>WGFLONMS&^@SFHIo3S&>@_/^@D&?]>
QOzF>/o ^@LO>7HINC_/^@QO>@A�NMT�Q#¥;N�AC[e?]QO[IT&_UQ fh^@DFHIQV?Up"x;zF>9��b�M�9>/nP>/TCQK[e?jHINC_/^@QO>@A�?]HI[IJMzCQOHIo9RXNMLO>XQON�QOzF>TFNMLOQOzF>@^M?]Q/Y\^@T&AmQOzF>9?]QOLO[��P>9AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT�N f QOzF> fh^@DFHIQV?X^@LO>�AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ/p"x;zF>9zFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@HKAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TKQOzF>;Q#¥;Nwfh^@DFHIQV?y[e?yN fuQOzF>;NMLVAC>/L�N f , �CR9p/x;zF[e?�N v ?]>/Q"^M?T¥;>/HIHC^M?�^\nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMTBN fuQOzF>\?]QOLO[��P>^@LO>B?]D � _U[I>/TCQ\QON3GFHe^/o7QOzF>jLONMHI>KN f ^BS&^@LOLO[I>/L/p [PNMRX>KJM>/NCAC>/QO[e_K[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?\?]zFN�¥�QOz&^@Q%QOzF> . � �P�>/nP>/TCQ�[e?�_UNMRXG&NP?]>@AWN f Q#¥;N%?]DFS&>/nP>/TCQV?Up@x;zF>/LO>"[e?�^\R7^@[ITK^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]oKHINC_/^@QO>@AK_UHINP?]>;QON%QOzF>">/GF[e_U>/TCQO>/L/pl ?]>@_UNMT&A�?]R7^@HIHI>/Lj^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]o�_/^@T S&>7?]>/>/T ?]z&^@HIHIN�¥;>/LB^@T&A�TFNMLOQOzF>@^M?]QBN f QOzF>XzCoCG&NC_U>/TCQO>/L/p�x;zF>?]QOLONMTFJBRXNMQO[INMTX[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTX^@He?]NBHI>@^MAF?"QON3^BACNMDFSFHI>K^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]o3>/nP>/TCQ"SFDFQ\QOzF>K?]>@_UNMT&AX^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]o7_/^@TS&>3^@T�^@LOQO[tfh^M_UQWN f�QOzF>j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT-?O_VzF>/RX>Pp�[PNMRX>B?]>@_UNMT&AF^@LOoU¥\^/nP>@?%_/^@T9[IT&AC>/>@AXS&>B[ITCQO>/LOGFLO>/QO>@A^M?W_UNMRX[ITFJ f�LONMR(QOzF>B?]NMDFLV_U>@¥\zF[IHI>KQOzF>/o7^@LO>jLO>�� >@_UQO>@AXSCo7zF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/[IQO[I>@?"TFNMQ%RXNCAC>/HI>@A�pFr�[ITFN
� '� � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
Rise time, s
-5
0
0 5
0.5
0.750.75
1
1
1
Rise time, s
-5
0
0 5
-6
-5
-4
-3
0.000.250.500.751.001.251.50
s
Slip amplitude, m
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5
0.2
0.4
0.40.4
0.60.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
Slip amplitude, m
-5
0
Dis
tanc
e al
ong
dip,
km
0 5
-6
-5
-4
-3
Dep
th, k
m
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
m
Rupture time, s
-5
0
0 5Distance along strike, km
1
2
Rupture time, s
-5
0
0 5Distance along strike, km
-6
-5
-4
-3
0
1
2
3
4
5
s
egf9hC."�Ppb� , / o$4KB';�8 z 39?�>�DK7I; >=3579A�>E¤O;KHI7 Bq4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>E¤L4�:'<_DKF�B�35F�D@>=3579A�>�8�mK354�79:�>E<$m�x�79:�3S>KD@tB'86HI4635798�:�8 z�39?�>MD@>E;�F�H^39; z|8�F�:'<%m�x=39?�>M7�3S>KDE46357�� >LHI8��@46H�79: � >KDE;�798�:_8 z�39?�>M:�>E4�D�� >@HI<�; >K7I;�A=86HI8@��7��@46H<�46354 z|8�DG39?�>�N �K358�mK>KD=R �¤CR � � � �%>�� >K:�3SW
��� ���� ��� �������[�n��� ��� + ��� ! �� q� �����������L��� #�! � �� ������� + �%��� � � #�� ��� �9 � � �
egf9hC.y�Ppb�M� / 1�35DE8�:6�%A=8635798�:%; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;M8 z�39?�>�N �K358�mK>KD=R �¤CR � � � �%>E4�D@39?'p�F�4���>%Q9;�86HI79<�HI79:�> U�@8�ACB'4�D@>E<��-7�39?M;�x6:�39?�>@357��O; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;LQ5<�4 ;@?�>E<GHI79:�> U �@46H���F�HI463S>E<�F6;�79:6�L39?�>CA=8 <�>@H'<�7I;SB�HI4�x�>E<L8�:�g7^��F�D@> � W9R ��W ��8�DG>E4��@?=;K354635798�:�39?�>�� �@8�ACB'8�:�>K:�39;L8 z0m@8639?�4��K35F�46H(4�:'<M39?�>E8�D@>@357��@46H�; >K7I;�A=8@��DE4�AL;4�D@>gB�HI863�3S>E<%463�39?�>G;�4�A�>M4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>G;�@46H�>M<�>5B(7��K3S>E<%8�:�39?�>MDK7^� ?�3�HI4�mK>@H�W
� �� � ��� ��� ! �������������=������� + ��� # ��� �=����������� �� ������� + �%��������������
>/Q\d9^ �/� ^B{a�M�M�M�P�;^@He?]NBNMS&?]>/LOnP>@A3^jACNMDFSFHI>K?]NMDFLV_U>WQO[IRX> f�DFT&_UQO[INMTX^@Q\^jLO>/JM[INMT&^@H�?]QV^@QO[INMT7HINC_/^@QO>@A[PNMDFQOz9N f�QOzF>BLO>/JM[INMT�?]NXQOzF>3?]NMDFLV_U>j[e?%G&>/LOz&^@G&?W_UNMRXG&NP?]>@A-N f�Q#¥;NX^M?]G&>/LO[IQO[I>@?UY&QOzF>3?]>@_UNMT&A-NMTF>S&>/[ITFJ3?]R7^@HIHI>/L/px;zF>��W_UQONMS&>/L , �FY ,�./. � ,/| �b�M�9>/nP>/TCQjNC_/_UDFLOLO>@A�¥\zF>/LO>7QOzF>7LODFGFQODFLO>7N f QOzF> s LV?]Q3NMTF>7z&^MA?]QONMGFG&>@A�p�x;zF[e?;>/nP>/TCQ;z&^M?%^jSF[IHe^@QO>/LV^@HyLODFGFQODFLO>KGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMTypk"NC_/_UN >@3-46H�W {a�M�M�M�P��^M?O?]DFRX[ITFJK^@TBzFNMRXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&?"?]HI[IGBAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�f�NML�QOzF>@?]>\>/nP>/TCQV?�?]zFN�¥;>@AQOz&^@QWQOzF>Bk"NMDFHINMR3S9?]QOLO>@?O?%_Vz&^@TFJM>jGFLONCACD&_U>@A-SCoXQOzF>jGFLO>/nC[INMD&?\>/nP>/TCQV?�fh^/nPNMLO>@A7QOzF>jNC_/_UDFLOLO>/T&_U>
N f QOzF>%TF>/ECQ�NMTF>PpP�%>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/NMD&?"?]HI[IG3AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT&?�HI>@^MABQONKQOzF>%?O^@RX>%_UNMT&_UHID&?][INMT&?\{a�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> �>@3O46H�W Y&�M�M�M�P�Vp�FNMLjQOzF>XQOzFLO>/>3R7^@[IT�?]zFNC_/�F?KN f QOzF>%c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>B?]>/[e?]RX[e_j?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PY�QOzF>7?]HI[IG�G&^@QV_VzF>@?
f�NMDFT&A7D&?][ITFJ3?]QOLONMTFJ3RXNMQO[INMT-AF^@QV^3^@LO>j?]HI[IJMzCQOHIoX?]z&^@HIHIN�¥;>/L;QOz&^@T-D&?][ITFJBJM>/NCAC>/QO[e_KAF^@QV^Cp��%N�¥;>/nP>/LQOzF>/LO>3^@LO>BTFN7[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQW?]HI[IG9^@Qj?]z&^@HIHIN�¥�AC>/GFQOz�^@T&A9QOzF[e?%[e?W_UNMT&?][e?]QO>/TCQ6¥\[IQOz9QOzF>�f�>�¥�?]DFL�fh^M_U>AC[e?O_UNMTCQO[ITCDF[IQO[I>@?�NMS&?]>/LOnP>@AXNMT-QOzF> s >/HeA9{]k"[ITCQO[ >@3O46H�W Y ,�././. �Vpx;zF>K^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>\N f QOzF>KAF^@QV^:¥\^/nP> f�NMLOR�[e?"zF[IJMzF>/L"QOz&^@T7QOzF>W^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>\N f QOzF>K?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_/?�^@Q
?]QV^@QO[INMT&?G �¡La^@T&A7kO[ClTFNMQ;D&?]>@AX[ITXQOzF>W[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTypPx;zF[e?\^@RXGFHI[tsu_/^@QO[INMT3_/^@T7S&>W>/ECGFHe^@[ITF>@ABSCo?][IQO>K> vu>@_UQV?\^@Q\QOzF>@?]>j?]QV^@QO[INMT&?Upx;zF>KZPD&^@HI[IQ]ojN f QOzF>%R7^@QV_VzBS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T3?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_/?"^@T&A3NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?"[e?"^@S&NMDFQ%^M?"JMNPNCA-^M?;_/^@T
LO>@^M?]NMT&^@SFHIoBS&>%>/ECG&>@_UQO>@A�Y@JM[InP>/TBQOzF>%DFT&_U>/LOQV^@[ITCQO[I>@?y[ITBQOzF>%nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oWRXNCAC>/H&^@T&ABQOzF>\>/LOLONML"NMT3QOzF>AF^@QV^Cp&x;zF>W>/LOLONMLV?;[ITP�G\aT([Cl b AF^@QV^jR7^@[ITFHIojLO>/R7^@[IT3[ITXQOzF>K_U[ILV_UDFHe^@L;^@R3SF[IJMDF[IQ]oj[ITXQOzF>WLO>/He^@QO[INMTS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T QOzF>-GFz&^M?]>9^@T&A�QOzF>-AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ/p�lW?�fh^@LX^M?�aWrg[ RX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TPQV?j^@LO>-_UNMT&_U>/LOTF>@AQOzF>X?][IJMT&^@H;^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>B[e?K?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQOHIo-zF[IJMzF>/LKQOz&^@T�QOzF>3>/LOLONMLj^@QjNMTFHIo9Q#¥;N-?]QV^@QO[INMT&?j^@T&A�NMTF>_/^@T-z&^/nP>j^�fh^@He?]>jRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TPQ/pC�FNML\QOzF>B?]QOLONMTFJXRXNMQO[INMT-AF^@QV^BQOzF>jDFT%�CTFN�¥\T-QOLO[IJMJM>/LO[ITFJBQO[IRX>PYQOzF>KAF^@QV^j[IT&_UNMRXGFHI>/QO>/TF>@?O?�^@Q\?]NMRX>W?]QV^@QO[INMT&?\^@T&AXQOzF>WRXNCAC>/H�?][IRXGFHI[e_U[�Q]oKHI[IRX[IQ�NMDFL\nC[e?][INMTXN f QOzF>?]NMDFLV_U>;QON%QOzF>;HIN�¥ f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoWG&^@LOQ�N f QOzF>\?]G&>@_UQOLODFR9p/xyNW[ITCnP>@?]QO[IJP^@QO>"?]D&_VzB?]R7^@HIHM>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?�¥;>z&^/nP>;S&>/>/TjNMSFHI[IJM>@AjQONWHINPN��B^@Q�QOzF>\?]NMDFLV_U>\LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMTBDFGBQON , p | � � pM�%DFL"^@GFGFLONP^M_VzB[e?�_UNMRXGFHI>/QO>/HIoAC>/QO>/LORX[ITF[e?]QO[e_Mp/¦�>;TF>/>@AW[IT&AC>/>@AKQONWHINC_/^@QO>;QOzF>\AF^@QV^W^@T&ABAC>@?O_ULO[IS&>;QOzF>;RXNCAC>/He?�S&NMQOzB[ITjQO[IRX>"^@T&A?]G&^M_U>Pp&lW?%^3_UNMT&_UHID&?][INMTP¥;>j^@QOQV^@[ITF>@A7[IT7QOzF[e?\G&^@G&>/L%QOzF>KHI[IRX[IQ"N f�^@GFGFHI[e_/^@SF[IHI[IQ]o3N f NMDFL%RX>/QOzFNCAS&>@_/^@D&?]>KS&>/oPNMT&A , p | � � ^BAC>/QO>/LORX[ITF[e?]QO[e_\^@GFGFLONP^M_Vz7S&>@_/^@RX>W[ITF> � _U[I>/TCQ"^@T&A7[IQ;[e?;TF>@_U>@?O?O^@LOo3QON^MACNMGFQW^3?]QONC_Vz&^M?]QO[e_K^@GFGFLONP^M_Vzyp� +�� ����� # ����&(������� �
¦�>KQOz&^@T%��Z"�GZ;=�Y�Z"�GZ"ljY�['[C��^@T&A�\ b Z;kgZ ��k;� b f�NML%GFLON@nC[eAC[ITFJ3AF^@QV^Cp
� � ��� +�# ��������� � �� ,�� �!5319:��@8�|�</531�%NMD&?-^/nPNMT&?XGFLFc>@_U[e?Cc>9He^�J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>->/Q7He^�HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT�AC>@? fh^@[IHIHI>@?3>/Q7TFNMD&?-^/nPNMT&?X[IR7^@J�c>
He^�LODFGFQODFLO>�AC>@?XQOLONM[e?3GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@DFE!c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?BAC>9He^�?Cc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>9?][e?]RX[eZPDF>-A�`��%R3SFLO[I> � d9^@LV_VzF>{ ,�./. � � ,�./. ]P�Bi^BHa`b^@[eAC>KAC>jACNMTFT\c>/>@?%AC>j_Vz&^@RXGXGFLONC_VzF>3{SaWrg[&Y([Cl b YCRXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQV? f�NMLOQV?V�Vpk">/QOQO>�c>/QOD&AC>j^�c>/QFc>jA;c>/HI[e_/^@QO>WG&NMDFL%GFHID&?][I>/DFLV?;LV^@[e?]NMT&?��/ k">@?j?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?wf�NMTCQjG&^@LOQO[I>XA�` DFTF>7?Cc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>X?][e?]RX[eZPDF>B>/QB_U>/LOQV^@[ITF>@?KACNMTFT\c>/>@?jJ�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@??]NMTCQ;ACDF>@?Wi^WGFHID&?][I>/DFLV?"?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?Up6Z�TXLO>/nM^@T&_VzF>PYMHI>@?�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?;AC>%RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ f�NMLOQ;TFNMD&?"NMTCQG&>/LORX[e?;A�`Oc>/QOD&AC[I>/L;HI>@?;?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?;AC> fh^��_UNMT-[IT&A;c>/G&>/T&AF^@TCQO>Pp
/ =&>@?;?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�?]NMTCQ;RXNCA;c>/LFc>@?�>/Q"HI>/DFL;ACDFLFc>/>%>@?]Q;AC>WZPDF>/HeZPDF>@?�?]>@_UNMT&AC>@?UYC_U>WZPDF[&LO>/T&ABHa` [ITCnP>/L��?][INMT-AC>@?;RXNMDFnP>/R3>/TCQV? f�NMLOQV?;HI[IRX[IQFc>/>;>/T7LFc>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7_/^@L\TFNMQOLO>j^@GFGFLONC_VzF>jA;c>/QO>/LORX[ITF[e?]QO>\TF>TFNMD&?;G&>/LORX>/Q�G&^M?\AC>W_UNMT&?][eA;c>/LO>/L"HI>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?"?]DFG\c>/LO[I>/DFLO>@?%i^ , � | ~! Fp'\aH&>@?]Q;[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ/Yi^3_U>WGFLONMG&NP?UY�AC>B?]NMDFHI[IJMTF>/L%ZPDF>WHI>@?;QO>/RXG&?;AC>KRXNMTCQFc>/>W?]NMTCQ%QOL/i>@?;R7^@Hy_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQV?Up
/ =&>@?"ACNMTFT\c>/>@?"AC>%RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ f�NMLOQ;AC>@?"?]QV^@QO[INMT&?�G&>/LOR7^@TF>/TCQO>@?�TF>\G&NP?O?Ui>@AC>/TCQ;G&^M?�HI>\QO>/RXG&?^@S&?]NMHIDyY�_U>XZPDF[;LV^���NMDFQO>XAC>@?K[IT&_UNMTFTCDF>@?j^@D�GFLONMSFHai>/RX>Pp=�%>3GFHID&?UY�_U>/LOQV^@[ITF>@?K?]QV^@QO[INMT&?jNMTCQA;c>@_UHI>/T&_Vz\c>W?]DFL%HI>@?"NMT&AC>@? ��>/Q\Ty` NMTCQ\G&^M?\>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>KHI>KA;c>/SFDFQ%ACD9?][IJMT&^@Hap
/ �%>\TFNMR3SFLO>/D&?]>@?�?]QV^@QO[INMT&?"AC>%RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ f�NMLOQ3c>/QV^@[I>/TCQ�HINC_/^@HI[e?Cc>/>@?�H]i^WN�iD7AC>@?�> vu>/QV?"AC>%?][IQO>@??]NMTCQWQOL/i>@?%[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQV?Up&l�_U>@?W?]QV^@QO[INMT&?%HI>@?%> vu>/QV?%A�qD&?Xi^3He^BGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT AC>@?%NMT&AC>@?WAF^@T&?HI>WRX[IHI[I>/DX?]NMTCQ\GFHID&?\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQV?;ZPDF>KHI>@?;QO>/LORX>@?"AC>j?]NMDFLV_U>Pp
d9^@HIJMLFc>W_U>@?;AC[�� _UDFHIQFc>@?�>/Q"JMLMq^M_U>PYCGFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HI>/RX>/TPQ/YFi^KHa`b^@GFG&NMLOQ;GFLFc>@_U[I>/DFEBAC>%Ha` [ITCQO>/L�f c>/LONMRmc>/QOL][I>LV^MAF^@L/YCTFNMD&?\^/nPNMT&?"GFDXGFLFc>@_U[e?]>/L"He^WJ�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>PYMHe^WHINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMTX>/Q;He^jAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTXACDXJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQAC>@?;QOLONM[e?Xc>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?�GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@DFEXAC>KHe^B?Cc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PpF�%NP?;LFc>@?]DFHIQV^@QV?;RXNMTCQOLO>/TCQ;ZPDF>KHI>@?;GFHID&?;JMLONP??Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�?]NMTCQ�GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HI>/RX>/TCQ�_UNMT&?]QO[IQOD\c>@?�A�`b^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>@?�DFTF[eZPDF>@?�>/Q"ZPDF>\HI>\JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQy>@?]Q"?]DFLOQONMDFQ_UNMT&_U>/TCQOLFc>B>/TCQOLO>X�7>/Qj���F��AC>3GFLON f�NMT&AC>/DFL/Y�_U>XZPDF[">@?]QK>/T ^M_/_UNMLVA�^/nP>@_jHI>3TFNMR3SFLO>�fh^@[ISFHI>XAC>LODFGFQODFLO>@?;NMS&?]>/LOn;c>/>@?;>/T-?]DFL�fh^M_U>Pp
� � �
� �� ��� �W#��� � �� �������
� � !�m����� ���� �������� �*� � �������� ����������� ������� �����m)��
� � �
� )� !���y��� �
� !���� ���������� )� ��� ��� �% �� ��������� ��� ��� $� � ���� � � ������ �������
�7,/. 0�132�4"576989:;2"</531=&>@?-c>/QOD&AC>@?\ZPDF>jTFNMD&?W^/nPNMT&?\LFc>@^@HI[e?Cc>/>@?\AF^@T&?%HI>@?\_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>@?;GFLFc>@_�c>@AC>/TCQV?\_UNMT&_U>/LOTF>/TCQ\Ha`b^M?]G&>@_UQ
?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>K{ HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMTyYMJ�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>PY@AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT3ACDBJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ�?]DFL"He^ fh^@[IHIHI>M��>/Q�He^K_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>AC>@?�?]NMDFLV_U>@?\i^WS&^M?O?]> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>%{�� , ~! C�VpC=�` [IR7^@JM>/LO[I>"S&^M?O?]> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>\ACNMTFTF>\DFTF>\nC[e?][INMTBHI[e?O?Cc>/>ACD�GFLONC_U>@?O?]D&?BAC>3LODFGFQODFLO>PY�>/HIHI>BG&>/LORX>/QKAC>3HINC_/^@HI[e?]>/LWHI>@?K^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>@?WR7^���>/DFLO>@?%>/QjAC>XA;c>@_ULO[ILO>BHe^GFLONMJMLO>@?O?][INMTBAC>"He^;LODFGFQODFLO>;?]DFL�He^�fh^@[IHIHI>Pp/k"NMT&?][eA;c>/LO>/LyHe^;G&^@LOQO[I>"S&^M?O?]>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>�G&>/LORX>/Q�A�` DFQO[IHI[e?]>/LDFTF>j^@GFGFLONC_VzF>BA;c>/QO>/LORX[ITF[e?]QO>\R7^@[e?"[IT&ACDF[IQ\DFTF>KG&>/LOQO>jA�` [IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTX[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQO>Pp
\aHy>@?]Q\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\AC>j?O^/nPNM[IL\N�iD�?]NMTCQ7c>/RX[e?]>@?�HI>@?;z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?"G&^@L%LV^@GFG&NMLOQW^@DFE � NMTF>@?AC> f�NMLOQ\JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ"N�iD9?]NMTCQ%LO>/HOq^M_Vz\c>/>@?�HI>@?\_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>@?;?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?Up�=�^BHINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT-AC>j_U>@?3c>/RX[e? �?][INMT&?"z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?�AC>/nCLV^@[IQ"G&>/LORX>/QOQOLO>%AC>%RX[I>/DFEj_UNMRXGFLO>/T&ACLO>\Ha`b^M?]G&>@_UQ;ACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>\AC>WHe^LODFGFQODFLO>j_/^@L\>/HIHI>@?;^@GFG&NMLOQO>/TCQWAC>@?;LO>/T&?]>/[IJMTF>/RX>/TCQV?"?]DFL%HI>K_/^@LV^M_UQ/i>/LO>K[IRXGFDFHe?][tf AC>KHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>Pp
Z�T9_U>jZPDF[�_UNMT&_U>/LOTF>KHI>@?%^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?\AF^@T&?%HI>jACNMR7^@[ITF>jAC>KHa`b^@H/c>@^B?][e?]RX[eZPDF>PYPHI>@?;[ITFJ�c>/TF[I>/DFLV?ACDXJ�c>/TF[I>K_U[InC[IHFNMTCQ;S&>@?]NM[IT7G&NMDFL%AC[IRX>/T&?][INMTFTF>/L�HI>/DFLV?;?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>@?;AC>@?;_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>@?"ACDXRXNMD �nP>/RX>/TCQ%?][e?]RX[eZPDF>B?]DFLjDFT�[ITCQO>/LOnM^@HIHI>3AC>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>B^@HIHe^@TCQKSF[I>/T�^@D�AC>/H]i^7AC> , ~! Fp-\aH�>@?]QjACNMT&_T\c>@_U>@?O?O^@[ILO>KA�`Oc>/QOD&AC[I>/L\_U>@?;LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?\G&NMDFLW?O^/nPNM[IL\N�iD9>/Q%_UNMRXRX>/TPQ">/HIHI>@?;?]NMTCQ\J�c>/T\c>/LFc>/>@?Up
�7,/y 0T��{ [~W4;<�~�6U~:| 4M{B69<�{K2"</531�| �U{B8722~:| �P4��~ �78U~K19:G~:|r�NMDFLXc>/QOD&AC[I>/L"He^WGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT9AC>@?�NMT&AC>@?"z&^@DFQO>@?�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?UYMHI>@?�RX[IHI[I>/DFEK?][IRXGFHI>@?�ZPDF>%TFNMD&?
^/nPNMT&?WDFQO[IHI[e?Cc>@?%G&NMDFLjLFc>@^@HI[e?]>/LWHI>@?%[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?Bi^XS&^M?O?]> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>B?]NMTCQK[IT&?]D � ?O^@TCQV?Up�Z�T�> vu>/Q/Yy[IHfh^@DFQ7A;c>@_ULO[ILO>XQOL/i>@?�s TF>/RX>/TCQjHI>-RX[IHI[I>/D�>/Q3GFLO>/T&ACLO>->/Tm_UNMRXGFQO>XHI>@?BG&>/QO[IQO>@?Bz\c>/QFc>/LONMJ�c>/T\c>/[IQFc>@?j>/QHa`b^@TF[e?]NMQOLONMGF[I>Ppyd9^@HIzF>/DFLO>/D&?]>/RX>/TCQ/YF[IH�>@?]QKQOL/i>@?K?]NMDFnP>/TCQjAC[�� _U[IHI>PYFnPNM[ILO>3[IRXG&NP?O?][ISFHI>PY�A�` DFT�G&NM[ITCQAC>jnCDF>KGFLV^@QO[eZPDF>PY&A�`b^/nPNM[IL%^M_/_Mi>@?Ki^X_U>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?Up��%>jGFHID&?UY&?][�_U>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?7c>/QV^@[I>/TCQ%AC[e?]G&NMTF[ISFHI>@?UY
� ��� ��! ��� ! �������=) ! �� ��� � � �� ������� + ���M��� #�! ������� + ����������������DFTF>B^@GFGFLONC_VzF>3A;c>/QO>/LORX[ITF[e?]QO>WTF>B?]>/LV^@[IQWG&^M?%>/TCnC[e?O^@JM>@^@SFHI>7i^X_/^@D&?]>BAC>BHa` [IT&_UNMz\c>/LO>/T&_U>KAC>@?\NMT&AC>@??][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?Wz&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?Up�r�NMDFL3_UNMTCQONMDFLOTF>/L3_U>@?jAC[�� _UDFHIQFc>@?KGFHID&?][I>/DFLV?�c>/QOD&AC>@?jGFLONMG&NP?]>/TCQA�` DFQO[IHI[e?]>/L;Ha` >/TCnP>/HINMGFG&>WAC>@?\?][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>@?�?O^@T&?\QO>/TF[IL%_UNMRXGFQO>KAC>@?;[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?;AC>KGFz&^M?]>Ppk"NC_/_UN�>/QZ ;NP^@Q#¥\LO[IJMzCQ7{ ,�./. �P�BGFLONMG&NP?]>/TCQ3DFTF>-QO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>XAC>-A;c>@_UNMTCnPNMHIDFQO[INMT�ACD�_/^@LOLFc>-AC>Ha` >/TCnP>/HINMGFG&>W>/T9^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LV^@QO[INMT9A�` DFT9?Cc>/[e?]RX>KG&^@L%HI>B_/^@LOLFc>BAC>jHa` >/TCnP>/HINMGFG&>K>/T9^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LV^@QO[INMT-A�` DFTF>
LFc>/GFHI[eZPDF>Pp�\aHe?\NMSFQO[I>/TFTF>/TCQ%DFT9QV^@DFE9AC>BGFDF[e?O?O^@T&_U>BHI[IS\c>/LFc>/>j^@D�_UNMDFLV?WACD9QO>/RXG&? � p�\aHe?%^@GFGFHI[eZPDF>/TCQ_U>/QOQO>BQO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>B^@D�?Cc>/[e?]RX>BACD��FLO[INMDFH\{]� � � | � . �%>/T�DFQO[IHI[e?O^@TCQ%DFTF>3LFc>/GFHI[eZPDF>BAC>3R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>�9>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>/>9i^-He^7R�q>/RX>B?]QV^@QO[INMTyp"=&>7R7^@EC[IRBDFR�AC>XHe^ f�NMT&_UQO[INMT QV^@DFE�AC>XGFDF[e?O?O^@T&_U>7HI[IS\c>/LFc>/>>@?]QXA;c>@_/^@H/c>-AC>9�C� , ��^@GFL/i>@?BHI>7R7^@EC[IR3DFR�AC>-He^ f�NMT&_UQO[INMT�QV^@DFE�AC>9_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>7HI[IS\c>/LFc>/>Pp-\aHe?j>/T_UNMT&_UHIDF>/TCQ\ZPDF>KHI>WR7^@EC[IR3DFR�AC>KHe^jLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT-z&^@DFQO> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>K_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&A�i^jHe^BGFz&^M?]>jA�`b^@LOL@q>/QAC>KHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>Pp
�K^��P>/zF[�>/QO\aLO[��CDFLV^B{ ,�./. �P�;[IR7^@JM>/TCQ"HI>@? � NMTF>@?;AC>KLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMTXz&^@DFQO>@?�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?"^@[IT&?][�ZPDF>WHI>QO>/RXG&?%AC>3LODFGFQODFLO>X?]DFLKHI>BGFHe^@T�AC>�fh^@[IHIHI>B>/T9DFQO[IHI[e?O^@TCQ9c>/JP^@HI>/RX>/TCQWAC>@?WLFc>/GFHI[eZPDF>@?Up(\aHe?%[ITCnP>/LV?]>/TCQHa` [ITCQO>/T&?][IQFc>XAC>XLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT�>/T�^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LV^@QO[INMTyp�=�` [IR7^@JM>/LO[I>3>@?]QBS&^M?Cc>/>-?]DFL3Ha` zCoCG&NMQOzyi>@?]>7ZPDF>XHe^-LV^��AC[e^@QO[INMT�ACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>j>@?]QKNMSFQO>/TCDF>B>/T�?]NMRXR7^@TCQ%He^7_UNMTCQOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�AC>X?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>@?K^/oC^@TCQWHe^XQV^@[IHIHI>AC>3He^7LFc>/GFHI[eZPDF>Pp�\aHe?WNMS&?]>/LOnP>/TCQ/YyAF^@T&?KHI>X_/^M?jACD ?Cc>/[e?]RX>3AC> �WNP?]zF[ILON ���,�C[W{]����� �P�b�CY } ^@G&NMTyY,�./. �P�WZPDF>jHI>jR7^@EC[IRBDFR!A�`Oc>/RX[e?O?][INMT-AC>jz&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?W{a�C�b� � , �C�b�"~! C�%>@?]Q%LV^/oPNMTFT\c>7i^3He^G\c>/LO[IGFz\c>/LO[I>KAC>KHe^jLFc>/JM[INMT7N�iD�?]NMTCQ%J�c>/T\c>/LFc>/>@?"HI>@?;S&^M?O?]>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?%{a�C�b� | � �C�b�"~! C�Vp�W^@T&?WHI>j_/^M?WACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>jAC>[�WNMS\c>7{]��� �������P�b�CY } ^@G&NMTyY ,�./.M| �VY�DFTF>3?]NMDFLV_U>jz&^@DFQO>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>>@?]Q�HINC_/^@HI[e?Cc>/>\?]NMD&?"He^%nC[IHIHI>;AC>,�WNMS\c>K{��K^��P>/zF[ >@3-46H�W Y ,�./. �P�VpFk">/QOQO>%?]NMDFLV_U>%_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&A9i^%He^%GFz&^M?]>A�`b^@LOL@q>/QBAC>XHe^7LODFGFQODFLO>7^@D TFNMLVA��h>@?]Q/p-Z�HIHI>7?]>7?][IQODF>7AF^@T&?jHe^7LFc>/JM[INMT�N�iD�HI>@?KA;c>/J�q^@QV?jNMTCQ c>/QFc>3HI>@?GFHID&?j[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQV?Up�=&>@?jNMT&AC>@?jz&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?9c>/RX[e?]>@?%GFL/i>@?BAC>XHe^7nC[IHIHI>X?]NMTCQ3_U>/LOQV^@[ITF>/RX>/TCQLO>@?]G&NMT&?O^@SFHI>@?%AC>@?7c>/TFNMLORX>@?;A;c>/J�q^@QV?%?]DFL\HI>@?\?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>@?\AC>KG&>/QO[IQO>KQV^@[IHIHI>Pp�W^@LOQ � >/HIH >@3G46H�W { ,�./. �P�W[ITCnP>/LV?]>/TCQ%Ha` >/TCnP>/HINMGFG&>j>/T�^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LV^@QO[INMT9>/T�DFQO[IHI[e?O^@TCQKAC>@? f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?AC>�a%LO>/>/T9>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?;>/QWDFT�^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFRX>jzCoCSFLO[eAC>X{]=&[ID >@3G46H�W Y ,�./.M| �WG&NMDFLK[IR7^@JM>/L%Ha` [ITCQO>/T&?][IQFc>AC>@?\LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?%z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?;>/Q%HI>jQO>/RXG&?\AC>jLODFGFQODFLO>B?]DFLWHe^�fh^@[IHIHI>Pp�\aHe?%^@GFGFHI[eZPDF>/TCQ%_U>/QOQO>
Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>K^@D-?Cc>/[e?]RX>%AC>j�%NMLOQOzFLO[eACJM>B{]�������C���PY&k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[I>PY , � � ^@TCnC[I>/L ,�./. �C�;>/TXDFQO[IHI[e?O^@TCQ , �?]QV^@QO[INMT&?�>/Q"�%LFc>/GFHI[eZPDF>@?UpP=&>/DFLV?�LFc>@?]DFHIQV^@QV?"?]DFJMJFi>/LO>/TCQ/YPZPDF>\AF^@T&?�HI>%_/^M?�ACD3?Cc>/[e?]RX>\AC>%�%NMLOQOzFLO[eACJM>PYHI>@?\z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?W{ , �b� � ,/| �b�"~! C�W?]NMTCQ9c>/RX[e?]>@?;^@D9S&NMLVA�AC>@?\LFc>/JM[INMT&?%N�iD�?]NMTCQ9c>/RX[e?]>@?"HI>@?S&^M?O?]>@?�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?Up-\aHe?j[IR7^@JM>/TCQBAC>/DFE�?]NMDFLV_U>@?Bz&^@DFQO>@?�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?Up"=�^�GFLO>/RX[ai>/LO>3>@?]Q3GFLONC_VzF>AC>3Ha` zCoCG&NC_U>/TCQOLO>B>/Qj_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&Ami^7Ha` [ITF[IQO[e^@QO[INMT9AC>3Ha`b^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>-i^ f�NMLOQO>X_VzCDFQO>3AC>X_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>Pp�=�^?]>@_UNMT&AC>j?]>j?][IQODF>KGFL/i>@?\AC>KHe^ � NMTF>jA�`b^@LOL@q>/Q%AC>KHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>Pp=&>@?jc>/QOD&AC>@?�_U[IQFc>/>@?�GFLFc>@_�c>@AC>/RXR3>/TCQ&NMTCQ�DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>;AC>@?�?][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>@?�AC>;G&>/QO[IQV?�?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?y_UNMRXRX>
f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?KAC>�a%LO>/>/Typ &>/TFJ >@3G46H�W { ,�./. �P�W[ITCnP>/LV?]>/TCQ\HI>3_/^@LOLFc>3AC>@?%>/TCnP>/HINMGFG&>@?%>/T�A;c>/GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQAF^@T&?KHI>B_/^M?KACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>BAC>X=&NMR7^7r�LO[I>/QV^-{]�����!�P� , Y�k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[I>PY , �3NC_UQONMSFLO> ,�. ] . �Vp-\aHe?%DFQO[t�HI[e?]>/TCQ%DFT�RXNCA�i>/HI>jAC>BnC[IQO>@?O?]>BHI[e?O?]>jG&NMDFLB_/^@He_UDFHI>/L\QOz\c>/NMLO[eZPDF>/RX>/TCQ\HI>@? f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?WAC>�a%LO>/>/Typ�=�^����� � d�8���&#$T$�./7'&_gs>�-�W#7')*8�-� ��&#-:./-�c�(B./)*<
� � ! &(��� ���������=� ! ��� ! ��������) ! �� ����� � �� ������� + ��� � ��
AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTmAC>@?3?]NMDFLV_U>@?XAC>-LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?3z&^@DFQO>@?�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?B?]DFLXHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>-ACNMTFTF>9DFTF>-[IR7^@JM>_UNMRXGFHai>/QO>/R3>/TCQ\AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>BAC>3_U>/HIHI>jAC>BHe^7AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT9ACD�JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQK{a��[IJMDFLO>�]Cp , �Vp�=�`Oc>/TF>/LOJM[I>z&^@DFQO> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>K>@?]Q%LV^/oPNMTFT\c>/>7i^BHe^�f�LONMTCQO[ai>/LO>jAC>@? � NMTF>@?%AC> f�NMLOQWJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ/p�Z�HIHI>K>@?]QWJ�c>/T\c>/LFc>/>HINMLV?WAC>@?\GFz&^M?]>@?WA�`b^@LOL@q>/Q%>/QWAF^@T&?KAC>@?\LFc>/JM[INMT&?W^/nP>@_WDFTF>j[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQO>jnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT9AC>BHa`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>ACD7JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ/p
egf9hC.O]Cp ,i/ 1=J>K7I;�A�>_<�> w 8�A=4��ODK7�>@354�Q ���*���P� ,�¤�j�46HI7 z|8�DK:'7�>E¤�R � 8��K358�m�D@>_R6T ��TVUXW=Q9?'4�F�3 U<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�<�>GHEr 4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>L<�F=�6HI7I;@; >KA�>K:�3�;�F�DGH�>gB�HI4�:�<�> z|4�7�H�H�>=>K: �K>K:�3579A�}>@35D@>E; WOQ5m@4 ; U <�7I;K35DK7�tm�F�35798�:�<�>GHEr 79:�3S>K:�;�7�3�J>M<�>E;MDE4�<�794635798�:�;O?'4�F�3S>E; z|D-J>Ep�F'>K: �K>E;�Q ��A �6A UXW w r ?'x@B'8��K>K:�35D@>C>E;K3�HI8��@46HI7I;�J>n}4HI4LB'8 ;�7�35798�: � �6A ; >@HI8�:%HI4�HI8�:6��F'>KF�DM<�>GHI4 z|4�7�H�H�>=>@3%}4=HI4LB'8 ;�7�35798�:�R � �6A ; >@HI8�:%HI4�HI4�D���>KF�DL<�>CHI4z|4�7�H�H�>%Q���>K:6��>@3C46H�W*¤OR6T�T �VUXW
� ��� ��! ��� ! �������=) ! �� ��� � � �� ������� + ���M��� #�! ������� + �����������������W^��M^@z&^@LV^ >@3O46H�W { ,�./. ]P�\_/^@He_UDFHI>/TCQ"Ha` >/TCnP>/HINMGFG&>%AC>@?�f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?\AC>Ma%LO>/>/TyYF_UNCAF^3_UNMRXGFLO[e?]>PY&i^Ha`b^@[eAC>%AC>\He^WQOz\c>/NMLO[I>%ACD3QOLV^@T&? f�>/LOQ"LV^MAC[e^@QO[tf >/TBRX[IHI[I>/DFEKAC[tvuD&?\{S[C^@QON >@3�46H�W Y ,�./. �M�"G&NMDFL"GFHID&?][I>/DFLV?S&^@T&AC>@?;AC> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>%A�` DFTF>\NC_UQV^/nP>j{ , �b� �7�C�b�"~! FYF�C�b� �X�F�b�"~! FYP�F�b� �%]C�b�"~! FY']C�b� � , �C�b�"~! C�Vpr�NMDFLj_Vz&^M_UDFTF>XAC>X_U>@?%S&^@T&AC>@?jAC>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>j[IHe?W[IR7^@JM>/TCQW?]DFLjHI>BGFHe^@T�AC>�fh^@[IHIHI>BHI>@?%LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?
z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?yACD�["c>/[e?]RX>"AC>O[C^@TFLO[��CDX{]������P���PY } ^@G&NMTyYP�6]%A;c>@_U>/R3SFLO> ,�./. �C�VpC=&>@?yz&^@DFQO>@?f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?;?]NMTCQ%GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HI>/RX>/TPQ"J�c>/T\c>/LFc>/>@?"HINMLV?%AC>KHa`b^@LOL@q>/Q\AC>KHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>3{a��[IJMDFLO>M]Cpb�P�Vp
egf9hC.O]Cpb� /k1=J>K7I;�A�>_<�>%1(4�:'DK7��6FyQ ���*���P��� ¤ �'4KB'8�:x¤ � ��<CJ>��K>KA=m�D@>$R6T�T � UXW=Q54VU DE4�<�794635798�:<�>=HEr@J>K:�>KD���7�>%<�4�:�; �_��4�A=A�>E;�<�>M?'4�F�3S>E;0z|D-J>Kp�F'>K: �K>E; WgHI4�354�7�H�H�>%<�>E;=;�8�F6;Kt z|4�7�H�H�>E;_>E;K3G<�r >K: ��79DE8�:�M���F� �B�M���F� U{Q5m U <�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:%<�>CHEr 4�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>L<�FL�6HI7I;@; >KA�>K:�3�;�F�DOHI4 z|4�7�H�H�>�W w r@J>@358�7�H�>L79:'<�79p�F'>H�>OB'8�79:�3O8O}F�;�r 79:'7�357�>LHI4%DKF�B�35F�D@>�Q9uL4��64 ?'4�DE4%>@3O46H�W*¤OR6T�T �VUXW
�7,�� ����|T~W4 �@{K2"</531�|Z�T�QOLV^@[IQV^@TCQWHI>@?%ACNMTFT\c>/>@?K?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[eZPDF>@?\ACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>jAC>X=�^@T&AC>/LV?W>/QWGFHID&?%G&^@LOQO[e_UDFHI[ai>/LO>/R3>/TCQ
>/TX^@T&^@HIoF?O^@TCQ\AF^@T&?;Ha` >@?]G&^M_U>\QO>/RXG&? � f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>;HI>@?�>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLO>/RX>/TCQV?yGFL/i>@?"ACD7?Cc>/[e?]RX>PY@TFNMD&?"TFNMD&??]NMRXRX>@?\^@G&>/L �_UD&?KZPDF>BHI>@?W?][IJMT&^@DFE9Ty`Oc>/QV^@[I>/TCQWG&^M?K?]oCT&_VzFLONMTF>@?Bi^XQONMDFQO>@?WHI>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?\>/QKZPDF>He^3ACDFLFc>/>jACD9?][IJMT&^@H�nM^@LO[e^@[IQ\>/Tgf�NMT&_UQO[INMT9AC>KHe^BJP^@RXRX>WAC> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?\_UNMT&?][eA;c>/LFc>/>@?Up'c%TF>KG&^@LOQO[I>AC>j_U>/QOQO>jAC[e?]G&>/LV?][INMT7>@?]Q%ACDF>B^@D fh^@[IQWZPDF>KHI>@?"NMT&AC>@?%?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?;?]>KGFLONMG&^@JM>/TCQW^/nP>@_WAC>@?;nC[IQO>@?O?]>@?AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>@?"?]>/HINMTXHI>%Q]oCG&>WAC>%nC[ISFLV^@QO[INMT9{ HINMTFJM[IQOD&AC[IT&^@HI>@?�NMDXQOLV^@T&?]nP>/LV?O^@HI>@?V��>/Q;ZPDF>%HI>/DFL\_UNMTCQO>/TCDf�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U[I>/H�>@?]QBAC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQ/p�=�^9GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMTmAF^@T&?jHI>XRX[IHI[I>/D-RXNCAC[ts >�c>/JP^@HI>/RX>/TCQWHe^gf�NMLORX>XAC>@??][IJMT&^@DFE�p\k">@?3G&>/LOQODFLOS&^@QO[INMT&?X^�vu>@_UQO>/TCQ3GFHID&?BG&^@LOQO[e_UDFHI[ai>/LO>/RX>/TPQjHI>@?jNMT&AC>@?3z&^@DFQO>@?�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?ZPDF[�?]NMTCQ%?]>/T&?][ISFHI>@?\^@DFEXz\c>/QFc>/LONMJ�c>/T\c>/[IQFc>@?\AC> fh^@[ISFHI>WQV^@[IHIHI>Pp
� �Z��������� ! ������� � � �
243˚ 30' 244˚ 00'
34˚ 00'
34˚ 30'
35˚ 00'
’ Landers M=7.3
jst
egf9hC.C]Cpb� / w 8��@46HI7I;�4635798�:�<�Fq;�J>K7I;�A�>$<�> w 4�:'<�>KDE;n>@3�<�>_HI4�;K354635798�:�<�> �'8 ;@?'F�4 D@>@>�Q � ;K3 UXWw r@J>@358�7�H�>L;�7�35F'>MHI4=B'8 ;�7�35798�:_<�>LHEr@J>5B(7��K>K:�35D@>�>@3OH�>E;=HI7^��:�>E;�:'8�79D@>E;=D@>5B(D-J>E; >K:�3S>K:�3g;�@?LJ>KA=463579p�F'>KA�>K:�3HI4%35DE4��K>M<�>MHI4�z|4�7�H�H�>�>K:�;�F�D�z|4��K>�W w 4%DKF�B�35F�D@>G;�r >E;K3-B(DE8KB'4��CJ>�>M<�F�;�F�< � >KDE;=H�>=:'8�DE<�W w 4=;K354635798�:<�> �'8 ;@?'F�4 D@>@>�>E;K3G4�:�357�tS<�79D@>��K357�� >%>@3-B�>KDKA�>@3G<�8�: ��<�r 8�m@; >KD�� >KD�>K:�<CJ>@354�7�H-H�>E;�8�:'<�>E;M�CJ>K:LJ>KD-J>�>E;B'4�D�HI4M;�8�F�D��K>�W �C7�>K:=; �F�DOH�>E;O;�7^��:'4�F6P=8�m@; >KD���J>E;O;�8�:�3�J>S��46H�>KA�>K:�3gA=8 <�7 �{J>E;OHI8�DE;G<�>OHI4CB(DE8KB'4���4635798�:<�4�:�;MH�>MA=7�HI7�>KF'W
�W^@T&?KHI>X_/^M?KACD ?Cc>/[e?]RX>BAC>7=�^@T&AC>/LV?UY�N�iD�HI>3RX[IHI[I>/D7>@?]Qj^M?O?]> � ?][IRXGFHI>j>/QKG&NMDFLjHI>@ZPDF>/H�TFNMD&?^/nPNMT&?%AC>@?%?]QV^@QO[INMT&?%AC>jRXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ f�NMLOQ%QOL/i>@?;GFL/i>@?%AC>jHe^B?]NMDFLV_U>PY�AC>@?\_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>@?\_UNMT&_U>/L��T&^@TCQ%Ha`Oc>/RX[e?O?][INMT-i^BHe^3?]NMDFLV_U>KG&>/DFnP>/TCQKq>/QOLO>jAC[ILO>@_UQO>/RX>/TCQ�NMS&?]>/LOn;c>/>@?\?]DFL%HI>@?\?][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>@?UpC=�^��[IJMDFLO>�]Cpb�3RXNMTCQOLO>jHe^3HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT�AC>BHe^X?]QV^@QO[INMT�AC> } NP?]zCD&^7xyLO>/>3ZPDF[�^X>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>jHI>3?Cc>/[e?]RX>AC>K=�^@T&AC>/LV?">/T ,�./. �Cp&k"NMRXRX>;TFNMD&?"Ha`b^/nPNMT&?�RXNMTCQOLFc>\^@D7_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>%�CYPHI>W?Cc>/[e?]RX>\AC>K=�^@T&AC>/LV?;?U` >@?]QGFLONMG&^@J�c>%ACDB?]D&AjnP>/LV?�HI>"TFNMLVAB^/nP>@_�DFTF>;nC[IQO>@?O?]>;AC>;LODFGFQODFLO>\AC>;Ha` NMLVACLO>;AC>\�C�����F� � � �/pM=�^W?]QV^@QO[INMTAC> } NP?]zCD&^jxyLO>/>%>@?]Q"[eA;c>@^@HI>/RX>/TCQyGFHe^M_�c>/>K{a^@TCQO[t� AC[ILO>@_UQO[InP>M��G&NMDFL;NMS&?]>/LOnP>/L">/TXA;c>/QV^@[IHFHI>@?�NMT&AC>@?�J�c> �T\c>/LFc>/>@?"G&^@L;He^B?]NMDFLV_U>PpF=&>j?Cc>/[e?]RX>%AC>j=�^@T&AC>/LV?;>@?]Q%_UNMRXG&NP?Cc>%GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HI>/RX>/TCQ�AC>K� � NMTF>@?;AC>wf�NMLOQJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ%?Cc>/G&^@LFc>/>@?WAC>3� | i^X�M���F�9p�k">@?WAC>/DFE9^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>@?%R7^���>/DFLO>@?%?]NMTCQK_UHe^@[ILO>/RX>/TCQ;nC[e?][ISFHI>@?AF^@T&?\HI>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?\>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>/>@?Ki^BHe^3?]QV^@QO[INMT9AC> } NP?]zCD&^XxyLO>/>3{a��[IJMDFLO>@?O]Cp �FY(]Cp | Y�]Cpb�P�;G&NMDFLKAC>@?
� ��� ��! ��� ! �������=) ! �� ��� � � �� ������� + ���M��� #�! ������� + ����������������f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?;[IT f c>/LO[I>/DFLO>@?Ki^ , ~! Fp�=�^7ACDFLFc>/>B^@GFG&^@LO>/TCQO>3?Cc>/G&^@LV^@TCQK_U>@?%AC>/DFE7GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HI>@?%^@LOLO[In;c>/>@?S&^M?O?]> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>;>@?]Q�H/c>/JFi>/LO>/RX>/TCQy[IT f c>/LO[I>/DFLO>Wi^K�M� �PpFk">/QOQO>%ACDFLFc>/>\>@?]Q"_UNMz\c>/LO>/TCQO>%^/nP>@_"He^WAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>>/TCQOLO>%HI>@?"AC>/DFE � NMTF>@?"GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HI>@?"AC>wf�NMLOQ;JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ�[IR7^@J�c>/>@?"^@D7_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>W�Cp7�%TXG&>/DFQ;NMS&?]>/L��nP>/L;ZPDF>%HI>WGFLO>/RX[I>/L�GFDFHe?]>WS&^M?O?]>wf�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>%>@?]Q"GFLFc>@_�c>@A;c>%G&^@L\AC>@?"NMT&AC>@?;GFHID&?"z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?{a?]DFG\c>/LO[I>/DFLO>@?ji^ , ~! C�W_U>/QOQO>B_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>K>@?]QWG&^@LOQO[e_UDFHI[ai>/LO>/RX>/TPQ;nC[e?][ISFHI>B?]DFLWHe^X_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>>@?]Q-{a��[IJMDFLO>�]Cp �C�Vp;r�^@LX_UNMTCQOLO>PY�>/Tm_U>-ZPDF[%_UNMT&_U>/LOTF>-HI>-?]>@_UNMT&A GFDFHe?]>7S&^M?O?]> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PY�TFNMD&?NMS&?]>/LOnPNMT&?KHe^-_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>B[ITCnP>/LV?]>Pp(\aH;^@GFG&^@LV^@q ` QBZPDF>3HI>X?]>@_UNMT&A�GFDFHe?]>3S&^M?O?]> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>B>@?]Q?]DF[InC["A�`b^@LOLO[In;c>/>@?KA�` NMT&AC>@?WGFHID&?Wz&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?Upyk">/QOQO>3NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT�G&>/DFQ7q>/QOLO>3ACDF>X^@D fh^@[IQZPDF>PYFHINMLV?%AC>jHa` [ITF[IQO[e^@QO[INMTX>/QWAC>KHa`b^@LOL@q>/Q%ACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>WHe^BnC[IQO>@?O?]>jAC>KLODFGFQODFLO>jnM^@LO[I>�c>/TFNMLORmc>/RX>UTCQ">/Q_U>/QOQO>WnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT-J�c>/Tyi>/LO>jAC>@?;LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?\z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?UpFr�^@L%_UNMTCQOLO>jAF^@T&?\HI>@? � NMTF>@?\AC> f�NMLOQJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ/YCHe^XnC[IQO>@?O?]>BAC>BLODFGFQODFLO>BnM^@LO[I>BGFLONMS&^@SFHI>/RX>/TCQ%AC>�fh^��_UNMT�GFHID&?W_UNMTCQO[ITCDF>j>/QWHI>@?\NMT&AC>@?c>/RX[e?]>@?y?]NMTCQ;?]DFLOQONMDFQ;AC>@?�S&^M?O?]>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?�_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AF^@TCQKi^%He^wf�NMLOQO>%_VzCDFQO>\AC>%_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>%?]QV^��QO[eZPDF>PpCk">@?�[ITCQO>/LOGFLFc>/QV^@QO[INMT&?�AC[ILO>@_UQO>@?;i^KG&^@LOQO[IL;AC>\Ha` NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMTXAC>@?"ACNMTFT\c>/>@?"?]NMTCQ"QOL/i>@?"A;c>/HI[e_/^@QO>@?_/^@LKAC>@?\> vu>/QV?WA�qD&?3i^BHe^3GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT�AC>@?%NMT&AC>@? ��D&?OZPDy`b^@D-LFc>@_U>/GFQO>/DFL/YFnC[I>/TFTF>/TCQ%?]>3?]DFG&>/LOG&NP?]>/Li^9Ha`Oc>/RX[e?O?][INMT�AC>@?jNMT&AC>@?3?]DFL3He^ fh^@[IHIHI>Pp�k">/QOQO>7[ITCQO>/LOGFLFc>/QV^@QO[INMT >@?]QBT\c>@^@TFRXNM[IT&?j>/T�^M_/_UNMLVA�^/nP>@_AC>@?;RXNCA�i>/HI>@?;ACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>@?�>/Q\ZPD&^M?][t� ACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>@?%{ad9^MAF^@LO[e^@JP^CY ,�. �@� � d9^MAF^@LO[e^@JP^CY ,�. �M� � k;^@R �GF[IHIHINFY ,�. ]M�P�%ZPDF[�RXNMTCQOLO>/TCQ\ZPDF>BAC>@?\NMT&AC>@?\z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?\?]NMTCQ%LV^MAC[/c>/>@?ji^BHa` [ITF[IQO[e^@QO[INMT7>/Qji^Ha`b^@LOL@q>/Q\AC>KHe^BLODFGFQODFLO>K>/Q\HINMLV?OZPDF>KHe^jnC[IQO>@?O?]>KAC>KLODFGFQODFLO>j_Vz&^@TFJM>KSFLODFQV^@HI>/RX>/TCQ/p�%NMD&?WG&NMDFnPNMT&?9c>/JP^@HI>/RX>/TCQ\LO>/R7^@LVZPDF>/L/Y&ZPDF>BHe^XLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT9z&^@DFQO>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>X{ ��| ~! C�WACDFLO>GFHID&?"HINMTFJMQO>/RXG&?"?]DFL;He^j_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>WnP>/LOQO[e_/^@HI>K{a��[IJMDFLO>G]Cpb�P�"ZPDF>K?]DFL;HI>@?;_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>@?�zFNMLO[ � NMT �QV^@HI>@?%{a��[IJMDFLO>L]Cp �FY%]Cp | �Vp�k">/QOQO>WNMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT7>@?]Q\G&>/DFQ�� q>/QOLO>W>/ECGFHI[e_/^@SFHI>%G&^@L\He^j_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQFc>%AC>WHe^LODFGFQODFLO>Xi^BG&>/QO[IQO>9c>@_VzF>/HIHI>W_UNMRXRX>\G&^@L%>/EC>/RXGFHI>WAC>@?;RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQV?�TFNMLOR7^@DFE9i^BHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>Pp
c%T-RXNCA�i>/HI>B^@T&^@HINMJM[eZPDF>j>/T9RXNMD&?O?]>PY&^XG&>/LORX[e?\AC>jRX>/QOQOLO>K>/Tc>/nC[eAC>/T&_U>jAC>@?%RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQV?"TFNML��R7^@DFE�i^-He^ fh^@[IHIHI>9{� ;LODFTF> >@3=46H�W Y ,�./. �P�Vp\=�` >/EF_�c>@AC>/TCQBA�` NMT&AC>@? �(z&^@DFQO>@?�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?KNMS&?]>/LOn;c>?]DFLKAC>@?W^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LONMJMLV^@RXRX>@?;ACD9LFc>@?]>@^@D�AC>�a%DF>/LOLO>/LONXG&>/DFQ3q>/QOLO>B>/ECGFHI[eZPD\c>KG&^@LKAC>@?%RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQV?TFNMLOR7^@DFE�i^jHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>B{]k;^M?]QOLON >@3O46H�W Y ,�./. , �Vp=&>@?WNMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?KACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>jAC>X=�^@T&AC>/LV?wfh^@[IQO>@?Bi^XHe^X?]QV^@QO[INMT�AC> } NP?]z&^@D xyLO>/>3_UNMT s LORX>/TCQZPDF>3HI>@?KLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?Kz&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?%TF>7?]NMTCQjG&^M?jJ�c>/T\c>/LFc>/>@?K_UNMRXRX>jHI>@?KS&^M?O?]>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?Up
=&NC_/^@HI[e?]>/LjHI>@? � NMTF>@?KN�iDm?]NMTCQBLV^/oPNMTFT\c>/>@?WHI>@?Kz&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?%G&^@LBLV^@GFG&NMLOQ3^@DFE�LFc>/JM[INMT&?KN�iD?]NMTCQ�LO>/HOq^M_Vz\c>/>@?&HI>@?�_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>@?�?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?UY@^@T&^@HIoF?]>/L�_U>;LV^/oPNMTFTF>/RX>/TCQ�z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?yAC>/nCLV^@[IQG&>/LORX>/QOQOLO>WAC>KRX[I>/DFE3_UNMRXGFLO>/T&ACLO>K_UNMRXRX>/TCQ"?]>jA;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>WHe^BLODFGFQODFLO>j?]DFL\He^ fh^@[IHIHI>Pp
\aH fh^@DFQ3T\c>@^@TFRXNM[IT&?jLO>/R7^@LVZPDF>/LjZPDF>7QONMD&?3HI>@?B?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?KTF>-?]>9A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/TCQjG&^M?�f�NMLV_�c>/RX>/TCQ^/nP>@_KHI>@?\R�q>/RX>/?;_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>@?Up�=�^7_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQFc>KAC>jHe^3LODFGFQODFLO>B?][e?]RX[eZPDF>K>@?]QWGFLONMS&^@SFHI>/RX>/TCQ_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMTFT\c>/>%G&^@L\HI>W_UNMTCQO>/ECQO>%QO>@_UQONMTF[eZPDF>PYPHI>W_Vz&^@RXGXAC>K_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>%[ITF[IQO[e^@HaYMHe^KJ�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>%AC>WHe^fh^@[IHIHI>PYPHI>@?;GFLONMGFLO[/c>/QFc>@?\ACD-RX[IHI[I>/DB>/Q\HI>wf�LONMQOQO>/RX>/TCQ/p
� �Z��������� ! ������� � � �
> 2 Hz
-1
0
1
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40time, s
time (5%) : 3.52 s
time (95%) : 29.86 s
duration : 26.34 s
0.5 - 2 Hz
-1
0
1
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40time, s
time (5%) : 6.24 s
time (95%) : 31.90 s
duration : 25.66 s
0.1 - 0.5 Hz
-1
0
1
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40time, s
time (5%) : 9.70 s
time (95%) : 37.14 s
duration : 27.44 s
data
-2
-1
0
1
2
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40time, s
spectrogram
0
1
Log(
freq
uenc
y, H
z)
0 10 20 30 40time, s
0.000 0.085 0.169 0.254 0.339 0.424 0.508 0.593
spectral amplitude
Station : jst
Component : east
egf9hC.�]Cp � / £G>5B(D-J>E; >K:�354635798�:_<�4�:�;GHEr >E;SB'4��K>G3S>KACB';Kt z|D-J>Kp�F'>K: �K>=<�>GHEr 4�����J>@H6J>KDE4635798�:_<�F=;�86H�>K:'D@>���7I;Kt35D-J>@>$}4=HI4M;K354635798�: �'8 ;@?'F�4 D@>@>E¤�HI8�DE;L<�F=;�J>K7I;�A�>L<�> w 4�:'<�>KDE;O; >@HI8�:%HI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>gv�;K3SW�Q � ��F�D@>E;<�>���4�F �@?�> U�t�4�����J>@H6J>KDE8@��DE4�A=A�>E; � H^35D-J>E;G<�4�:�;O35DE8�7I;Cm@4�:'<�>E;C<�> z|D-J>Ep�F'>K: �K>G>@3-79:�3�J>���DE46H�>C:'8�DKA=46HI7I;�J>@><�>LHEr 4�����J>@H6J>KDE4635798�:n4�F �@4�DKD-J>gB�>KDKA�>@3�354�:�3C<�>M<CJ> � :'79D=F�:�>=<�F�D-J>@>M<�r@J>KA=7I;@;�798�:�WCQ � ��F�D@>E;=<�>M<�DE8�7�3S> UtO4�����J>@H6J>KDE8@��DE4�A=A�>G:'8�: � H^35D-J>=>@3-;SB�>��K35DE8@��DE4�A=A�>MQ�HI4=HI7^��:�>L?'8�DK7Il�8�:�3546H�>L<�4�:�;GH�>G;SB�>��K35DE8@��DE4�A=A�>; >G;�7�35F'>�}4 � �Cl UXW
�%� � ��! ��� ! �������=) ! �� ��� � � �� ������� + ���M��� #�! ������� + ����������������
> 2 Hz
-2
-1
0
1
2
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40time, s
time (5%) : 4.56 s
time (95%) : 30.60 s
duration : 26.04 s
0.5 - 2 Hz
-2
-1
0
1
2
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40time, s
time (5%) : 6.12 s
time (95%) : 35.32 s
duration : 29.20 s
0.1 - 0.5 Hz
-2
-1
0
1
2
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40time, s
time (5%) : 9.26 s
time (95%) : 34.06 s
duration : 24.80 s
data
-2
-1
0
1
2
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40time, s
spectrogram
0
1
Log(
freq
uenc
y, H
z)
0 10 20 30 40time, s
0.000 0.083 0.165 0.248 0.331 0.413 0.496 0.579
spectral amplitude
Station : jst
Component : north
egf9hC.(]Cp |�/ �g7^��F�D@>M79<�>K:�3579p�F'>q}4�HI4MB(D-J>���J>K<�>K:�3S>CB'8�F�DGHI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>CuL8�DE<�W
� �Z��������� ! ������� �%���
> 2 Hz
-2
-1
0
1
2
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40time, s
time (5%) : 3.02 s
time (95%) : 28.28 s
duration : 25.26 s
0.5 - 2 Hz
-2
-1
0
1
2
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40time, s
time (5%) : 4.84 s
time (95%) : 31.22 s
duration : 26.38 s
0.1 - 0.5 Hz
-2
-1
0
1
2
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40time, s
time (5%) : 7.60 s
time (95%) : 34.18 s
duration : 26.58 s
data
-1
0
1
acce
lera
tion,
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40time, s
spectrogram
0
1
Log(
freq
uenc
y, H
z)
0 10 20 30 40time, s
0.000 0.048 0.096 0.144 0.193 0.241 0.289 0.337
spectral amplitude
Station : jst
Component : up
egf9hC.�]Cpb� / �g7^��F�D@>L79<�>K:�3579p�F'>�}4�HI4MB(D-J>���J>K<�>K:�3S>CB'8�F�DGHI4 �@8�ACB'8 ;�4�:�3S>���>KD@357��@46H�>�W
�%��� ��! ��� ! �������=) ! �� ��� � � �� ������� + ���M��� #�! ������� + �����������������7,]+ �!5319:��@8�|�</531=�^XHINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT9AC>@?%LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?%z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?\Ty` >@?]Q%G&^M?W^@[e?Cc>/>3_/^@LBi^3Ha`Oc>/RX[e?O?][INMT7AC>BHe^
?]NMDFLV_U>KnC[I>/TFTF>/TCQ\?U`b^���NMDFQO>/L\HI>@?;G&>/LOQODFLOS&^@QO[INMT&?\ACDF>@?%^@D7RX[IHI[I>/DypP�-c>@^@TFRXNM[IT&?UYPTFNP?\NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?UYHI>@?KRXNCA�i>/HI>@?WQOz\c>/NMLO[eZPDF>@?K>/QjHe^-GFHIDFG&^@LOQBAC>@?j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?KAC>@?jLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?jz&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?K_U[t�QFc>/>@?BAF^@T&?X_U>-_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>7G&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQjAC>9_UNMT&_UHIDFLO>-ZPDF>7HI>@? f�NMLOQO>@?BnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?3AC>-He^-nC[IQO>@?O?]>-AC>LODFGFQODFLO>7{ G&^@LW>/EC>/RXGFHI>%Ha` [ITF[IQO[e^@QO[INMT7>/Q%Ha`b^@LOL@q>/QU�;J�c>/Tyi>/LO>/TCQWAC>@?\LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?Wz&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?Up�\aH>@?]Q-c>/JP^@HI>/RX>/TCQ;G&NP?O?][ISFHI>BAC>KJ�c>/T\c>/LO>/LWAC>@?\LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?\z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?;^/nP>@_WDFTF>B_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>?][IRXGFHI>%>/Q%AC> f�NMLOQO>@?\z\c>/QFc>/LONMJ�c>/T\c>/[IQFc>@?;AC>KJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ;?]DFL%HI>WGFHe^@T9AC> fh^@[IHIHI>PpCd9^@HIzF>/DFLO>/D&?]>/RX>/TCQ"HI>R7^@T&ZPDF>XAC>3LFc>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?B?]G&^@QO[e^@HI>@?K>/QKQO>/RXG&NMLO>/HIHI>@?WAC>@?K[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?K?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?K>/QB_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>@?ACD3JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ�?]DFL"HI>%GFHe^@TXAC> fh^@[IHIHI>W{ nPNM[IL"G&^@LOQO[I>C\E\E\O��TF>%G&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ�G&^M?"A�`b^M_/_�c>@AC>/L"^@DFEX_/^@D&?]>@?AC>%He^j_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQFc>;AC>@?�LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?"z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?Up�\aH&>@?]Q"G&NP?O?][ISFHI>KZPDy` [IHF?]>WGFLONCACDF[e?]>3i^KG&>/QO[IQO>c>@_VzF>/HIHI>WAC>@?;RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQV?�TFNMLOR7^@DFE�i^BHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>Pp&=�^3ACDFLFc>/>jAC>KHe^B?]NMHIHI[e_U[IQV^@QO[INMT-?][e?]RX[eZPDF>WA;c>/G&>/T&AAC>BHe^3S&^@T&AC>XAC>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>B_UNMT&?][eA;c>/LFc>/>Pp��%NMT&_BG&NMDFLKHI>@?-c>/QOD&AC>@?WAC>3ACDFLFc>/>7{ nPNM[ILW_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO> . �VY�[IHfh^@DFQ s HIQOLO>/L;HI>j?][IJMT&^@H�AF^@T&?\He^jS&^@T&AC>jDFQO[IHI>WG&NMDFL%HI>@?;[ITFJ�c>/TF[I>/DFLV?\AC>@?\?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>@?W{a�C� | � , �"~! C�Vp
�%� �
� )� !���y��� �
� � !�m����� ���� �������� �*� � �������� ����������� �������
�7,/. 0�132�4"576989:;2"</531l%GFL/i>@?�He^K_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMTXAC>@?"?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�?]D&_U>/GFQO[ISFHI>@?�AC>W?]>%GFLONCACDF[ILO>WGFL/i>@?"A�` DFTX?][IQO>WACNMTFT\c>PYPHe^
?]>@_UNMT&AC>9c>/QV^@G&>KAC>WHa`Oc>/nM^@HID&^@QO[INMTXAC>WHa`b^@H/c>@^j?][e?]RX[eZPDF>;G&NMDFL%HI>@?�[IT&?]QV^@HIHe^@QO[INMT&?;_ULO[IQO[eZPDF>@?UYP_UNMT&?][e?]QO>3i^_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]>/L"HI>\RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TPQ�?][e?]RX[eZPDF>Pp6\aHF>/EC[e?]QO>%^M_UQODF>/HIHI>/RX>/TCQ�AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQV?�RXN@oP>/T&?�G&NMDFL;>@?]QO[IRX>/LHI>@?�RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQV?�?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?�GFLONMS&^@SFHI>@?UYCGFLONCACDF[IQV?;G&^@L;DFT7?Cc>/[e?]RX>%AC>WQV^@[IHIHI>WACNMTFT\c>/>K?]DFLOnP>/T&^@TCQWi^DFTF>\_U>/LOQV^@[ITF>"AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>\A�` DFTj?][IQO>\_UNMT&?][eA;c>/LFc>Pp@�%TjG&>/DFQ�HI>@?y_UHe^M?O?]>/L�?]>/HINMTKQOLONM[e?yQ]oCG&>@?�A�`b^@GFGFLONC_VzF>@?��>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>PYP?]>/RX[t�h>/RXGF[�LO[eZPDF>\>/Q\QOz\c>/NMLO[eZPDF>Pp�=�`b^@GFGFLONC_VzF>K>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>%LO>/G&NP?]>B?]DFLWAC>@?\HINM[e?\A�`b^@QOQFc> �TCD&^@QO[INMT�LO>/HI[e^@TCQWHI>@?%JMLV^@T&AC>/DFLV?j_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>@?WAC>@?WRXNMDFnP>/R3>/TCQV?\ACD�?]NMHWi^XHe^XR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>B>/Qi^3He^XAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>Ppyk">@?%HINM[e?W?]NMTCQKA;c> s TF[I>@?ji^3G&^@LOQO[ILKAC>BS&^M?]>@?WAC>3ACNMTFT\c>/>@?WA�`b^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[�>PpFk">/QOQO>^@GFGFLONC_VzF>WGFLFc>@?]>/TCQO>%DFT7_U>/LOQV^@[IT3TFNMR3SFLO>WA�` [IT&_UNMTCn;c>/TF[I>/TCQV?�_UNMRXRX>;He^KGFLO[e?]>W>/TX_UNMRXGFQO>%JMLONP?O?][ai>/LO>AC>@?�_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMT&?�AC>\?][IQO>">/Q�Ha` NMSFQO>/TCQO[INMTjA�` >@?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMT&?�G&>/D su^@SFHI>@?y>/TB_Vz&^@RXGWGFLONC_VzF>Pp@He^\Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>QOz\c>/NMLO[eZPDF>j>@?]Q%S&^M?Cc>/>B?]DFLKAC>@?%A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/RX>/TCQV?"GFDFLO>/RX>/TCQ;TCDFRmc>/LO[eZPDF>@?">/QW?]DFGFG&NP?]>3DFTF>jS&NMTFTF>_UNMTFT&^@[e?O?O^@T&_U>KAC>@?"_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMT&?"AC>W?][IQO>PpC=�`b^@GFGFLONC_VzF>W?]>/RX[t�h>/RXGF[IL][eZPDF>;_UNMT&?][e?]QO>Bi^K?][IR3DFHI>/LyDFTXJMLONP??Cc>/[e?]RX>PY@>/T3DFTXHI[I>/D3ACNMTFT\c>PY�i^KG&^@LOQO[IL;A�` >/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLO>/RX>/TCQV?�A�` DFT3NMD7AC>%GFHID&?][I>/DFLV?Bc>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?yGFHID&?G&>/QO[IQV?W{�f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?%AC>=a%LO>/>/T7>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?V��?][IQOD\c>@?\^@D-R�q>/RX>\>/T&ACLONM[IQ/p
�7,/y z�~:|��*576��~ ��~:| 2 � �~W5B4;<��78U~:| ~%2 |T~:� <��~:� ��</4;<��78U~:|=&>@?7RXNCA�i>/HI>@?X_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>@?B?][IRXGFHI>@?3TF>�G&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ3G&^M?-AC>�J�c>/T\c>/LO>/LXHI>�_UNMTCQO>/TCDmz&^@DFQO>
f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>-AC>@?X?][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>@?Up�r�NMDFLXG&^@HI[I>/L9i^�_U>9A;c> fh^@DFQ7AC>@?3RXNCA�i>/HI>@?jGFLO>/T&^@TCQX>/Tm_UNMRXGFQO>He^�_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQFc>-ACD�A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/RX>/TCQ3AC>9He^�LODFGFQODFLO>9NMTCQ�c>/QFc>9A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG\c>@?Up\=�^ _UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQFc>-AC>@?>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLO>/RX>/TCQV?�LFc>/>/He?"G&>/DFQjq>/QOLO>jACDF>Xi^jHe^B_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>%QOL/i>@?\_Vz&^@TFJM>@^@TCQO>KACDgf�LONMTCQ%AC>KLODFGFQODFLO>{]k;^@RXGF[IHIHIN >@3�46H�W Y ,�. ] . �Vp��%>@?�RXNCA�i>/HI>@?&_UNMRXG&NP?][IQO>@?uf�NMLORmc>@?&A�` DFTj^@JMLFc>/JP^@Q�AC>;?]NMDFLV_U>@?y?]>@_UNMT&AF^@[ILO>@?
�%� � �M! � ! + ���� ��� ! �����q��������=�(�������M��������������{ zCoCG&NMQOzyi>@?]>jAC>j?]>/Htfe� ?][IRX[IHe^@LO[IQFc>M�yG&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ;^@D&?O?][�AC>KJ�c>/T\c>/LO>/L%AC>@?\?][IJMT&^@DFE7LFc>@^@HI[e?]QO>@?Upr�^@LORX[7_U>@?�RXNCA�i>/HI>@? _UNMRXG&NP?][IQO>@?UYjNMT(_U[IQO>/LV^HI>@?�RXNCA�i>/HI>@?mi^�^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>�{]=�^/o�>/Q �K^@T&^��
RXNMLO[aY ,�. ] | �VY�>/QXi^XS&^@LOLO[ai>/LO>@?B{ar�^@G&^@JM>/NMLOJM[INMD >/QKl,�C[aY ,�. ]M�P�WG&NMDFLjHI>@?OZPDF>/He?%Ha` z\c>/QFc>/LONMJ�c>/T\c>/[IQFc>BAC>He^KLODFGFQODFLO>K?]>KA;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>%JMLMq^M_U>3i^jAC>@? � NMTF>@?;AC>WLFc>@?][e?]QV^@T&_U>K^@DXJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ/Y@NMD-^@D7_UNMTCQOLV^@[ILO>KAC>@?� NMTF>@?\AC> f�NMLOQO>B^M_/_UDFR3DFHe^@QO[INMTXAC>j_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>Pp
�%>TFNMR3SFLO>/DFE�RXNCA�i>/HI>@?UYjS&^M?Cc>@?m?]DFL�Ha` DFQO[IHI[e?O^@QO[INMT!AC> f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?�AC>~a%LO>/>/T >/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?{ >/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLO>/RX>/TCQ"AC>WG&>/QO[IQV?\?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?"^/oC^@TCQ;HI[I>/DX^@D7R�q>/RX>;>/T&ACLONM[IQ%ZPDF>WHI>K?Cc>/[e?]RX>ji^B?][IR3DFHI>/LU�yNMDDFQO[IHI[e?O^@TCQ\AC>@? f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?\AC>=a%LO>/>/T7GFDFLO>/RX>/TCQ"TCDFRmc>/LO[eZPDF>@?UYPNMTCQ7c>/QFc>KA;c>/nP>/HINMGFG\c>@?Up=�`b^@GFGFLONC_VzF>WGFDFLO>/RX>/TCQ�TCDFRmc>/LO[eZPDF>;T\c>@_U>@?O?][IQO>\DFTF>%QOL/i>@?"S&NMTFTF>K_UNMTFT&^@[e?O?O^@T&_U>KACDXRmc>@_/^@TF[e?]RX>
i^3He^X?]NMDFLV_U>3ACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>W>/QKAC>jHe^X?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>jJ�c>/NMHINMJM[eZPDF>3AC>jHe^ � NMTF> c>/QOD&AC[/c>/>Pp�k">@?%ACNMTFT\c>/>@?W?]NMTCQG&^@L�f�NM[e?%AC[�� _U[IHI>/R3>/TCQ"^M_/_U>@?O?][ISFHI>@?Up&>/TFJ >@3g46H�W { ,�./. �C�"DFQO[IHI[e?]>/TCQ"AC>@? f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?;AC>Ma%LO>/>/T3TCDFRmc>/LO[eZPDF>@?y>/Q\AC>@?"?]NMD&? � c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?^/oC^@TCQKDFTF>XAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�AC>3QV^@[IHIHI>3ZPDF[;?]DF[IQKDFTF>3HINM["GFDF[e?O?O^@T&_U>PYyLFc>/G&^@LOQO[e?K^@H/c>@^@QONM[ILO>/RX>/TCQW?]DFLjHe^
fh^@[IHIHI>B{a��[IJMDFLO> . p , �Vp
egf9hC. . p , / o$8 <�}>@H�> �@8�ACB'8 ;�7�3S>LB�>KDKA�>@3�354�:�3M<�>M�CJ>K:LJ>KD@>KD%<�>E;�A=8�F � >KA�>K:�39;�z|8�D@39;$Q54�ACB�HI7�35F�<�>E¤<�F�D-J>�>E¤C;SB�>��K35D@>�<�> ��8�F�DK7�>KD U{D-J>K46HI7I;K3S>E; W w 4 � ��F�D@>%A=8�:�35D@>=HI4n<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�<�>%R � � <�>E;�;�8�F6;KtJ>���J>K:�>KA�>K:�39;G;�F�D�HI4 z|4�7�H�H�>-B'8�F�DgF�:�>�;�79A=F�HI4635798�:�W w 4G<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�<�>g354�7�H�H�>G<�>E;g;�8�F6;Kt(J>���J>K:�>KA�>K:�39;;�F�7�3�F�:�>_HI8�7OB(F�7I;@;�4�: �K>�W=j�?'4�p�F'>%;�8�F6;Kt(J>���J>K:�>KA�>K:�3��CJ>K:LJ>KD@>$F�:nB(F�H ; >_<�> �CDKF�:�> }4�F�:�3S>KACB';<CJ>@3S>KDKA=79:LJ>-B'4�DgF�:�> ��7�3S>E;@; >C<�>ODKF�B�35F�D@> �@8�:�;K354�:�3S>_}4OB'4�D@3579Dg<�>gHEr ?'x@B'8��K>K:�35D@>GQ���>K:6��>@3�46H�W*¤-R6T�T � UXW
�%>/LOLO>/LON�>/QP ;>/LOT&^@LVA�{ ,�./. �C�VY\NMTCQXGFLONMG&NP?Cc>�AC>�A;c>@_ULO[ILO>7He^�LODFGFQODFLO>�?]DFLXHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>-^/nP>@_7DFTRXNCA�i>/HI>jACNMTCQWHa`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>KACD�?]G&>@_UQOLO>BACD9JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ%?]DFLWHI>jGFHe^@T9AC>�fh^@[IHIHI>jA;c>@_ULONMq` Q%>/T�� � �B{a�c>/QV^@TCQ;HI>WTFNMR3SFLO>WA�` NMT&AC>j?]G&^@QO[e^@H �Vp&k">KRXNCA�i>/HI>j{a��[IJMDFLO> . pb�P�"GFLONCACDF[IQ\DFTF>jA;c>@_ULONM[e?O?O^@T&_U>W>/T � � �ACD�?]G&>@_UQOLO>B>/T9A;c>/GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQKi^Xz&^@DFQO>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>Pp ;>/LOT&^@LVA >@3G46H�W { ,�./. �P�WNMTCQ-c>/QOD&AC[/c>jHI>@?%> vu>/QV?AC>�AC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQFc>XHI[/c>@?3^@DFE�nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?7AC>-He^�nC[IQO>@?O?]>9AC>9LODFGFQODFLO>Pp� ;>/LOJM> � x;zF[I>/LOLOo >@3�46H�W { ,�./. ]P�NMTCQ fh^@[IQKDFTF>X?][IR3DFHe^@QO[INMT9ACD ?Cc>/[e?]RX>BAC>Z�WNMS\c>�i^XHa`b^@[eAC>3A�` DFT�RXNCA�i>/HI>BAC>X?]NMDFLV_U>3>/T�� � �/Y�A�` DFT
� � ���=����g"� # ���G ) ������ ���������M���������j�@��n���9� ���(����� �%�
AC>/RX[t�h>@?]G&^M_U>\i^%?]QOLV^@QO[tsu_/^@QO[INMTjGFHe^@TF>">/QyNMTCQ�GFLO[e?�>/TB_UNMRXGFQO>�HI>@?�> vu>/QV?�TFNMT �hHI[IT\c>@^@[ILO>@?�GFL/i>@?�ACDj?][IQO>Pp
egf9hC. . pb� / v�P�>KACB�H�>C<�>O<�7I;K35DK79m�F�35798�:�<�>-�6HI7I;@; >KA�>K:�3�;�46357I; z|4�7I;�4�:�3�H�>OA=8 <�}>@H�>C>K: ��� � W�jg>gA=8 <�}>@H�>E¤4 ;@;�8���7�J>�}4_F�:�>%DKF�B�35F�D@> ��79:LJ>KA=463579p�F'>�;�79ACB�H�>MB�>KDKA�>@3G<�>M�CJ>K:LJ>KD@>KD%F�:$;SB�>��K35D@>�>K:q<CJ>5B�HI4��K>KA�>K:�34�x64�:�3gF�:�>=<CJ>���DE8�7I;@;�4�: �K>M>K: � � � Q��M>KDKD@>KDE8�>@3 �G>KDK:'4�DE<�¤OR6T�T � UXW
=�`b^@GFGFLONC_VzF>X?]>/RX[t�h>/RXGF[ILO[IZPDF>PYCG&>/LORX>/QWA�` >/ECGFHINM[IQO>/L%HI>@?W[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?W_UNMTCQO>/TCDF>@?WAF^@T&?KHa` >/T �LO>/JM[e?]QOLO>/RX>/TCQ�AC>%G&>/QO[IQV?"?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?yG&NMDFL\RXNCA;c>/HI[e?]>/L�AC>@?�RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TPQV?yGFHID&? f�NMLOQV?UpFk">/QOQO>%Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>PYAC[IQO>jAC>@?�f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?\AC>=a%LO>/>/T7>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?UYP^ c>/QFc>KGFLONMG&NP?Cc>/>jG&^@LW�W^@LOQ � >/HIH�{ ,�. � ]P�Vp(Z�HIHI>KGFLFc>@?]>/TCQO>Ha`b^/nM^@TCQV^@JM>XA�` DFQO[IHI[e?]>/LKAC>@?wf�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?jAC>�a%LO>/>/T�ZPDF[;_UNMTCQO[I>/TFTF>/TCQKA;c>���i^XHa` [IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�AC>3He^7LFc> �G&NMT&?]>KACD7?]NMHaYC^@[IT&?][�ZPDF>%He^KGFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT-AC>@?�NMT&AC>@?">/TCQOLO>%He^K?]NMDFLV_U>W>/Q"HI>%LFc>@_U>/GFQO>/DFL/p6\aH&TF>%LO>@?]QO>>/T&?]DF[IQO>XGFHID&?BZPDy`ei^-?][IR3DFHI>/LKHI>XJMLONP?B?Cc>/[e?]RX>9i^-G&^@LOQO[IL3A�` DFT NMD�AC>XGFHID&?][I>/DFLV?�c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?%GFHID&?G&>/QO[IQV?;>/T-?]>KS&^M?O^@TCQW?]DFLWAC>@?;zCoCG&NMQOzyi>@?]>@?%AC>j?]>/Htfe� ?][IRX[IHe^@LO[IQCc>Ppr�NMDFL\ZPDy` DFTXG&>/QO[IQ\?Cc>/[e?]RX>\GFDF[e?O?]>3q>/QOLO>%DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>W_UNMRXRX>;DFTF> f�NMT&_UQO[INMT-AC>La%LO>/>/TX>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>PY@[IH
fh^@DFQ"ZPDy` [IHC?]>\QOLONMDFnP>\?]DFL�HI>;GFHe^@T3AC>�fh^@[IHIHI>;ACD3?Cc>/[e?]RX>Wi^W?][IR3DFHI>/L�>/Q"ZPDy` [IHC^@[IQ�HI>;R�q>/RX>�Rmc>@_/^@TF[e?]R3>Pp=&>WGFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@H&A;c> fh^@DFQ\AC>K_U>/QOQO>%^@GFGFLONC_VzF>K>@?]Q;A�qD-^@D fh^@[IQ\ZPDF>%He^ f�NMT&_UQO[INMTXAC>Ma%LO>/>/T3>@?]Q\A;c>/GFHe^M_�c>/>?]DFLjHI>3GFHe^@T AC> fh^@[IHIHI>PYy?O^@T&?B_UNMLOLO>@_UQO[INMT�ACD AC[e^@JMLV^@RXRX>3AC>3LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT ZPDF[;nM^@LO[I>�f�NMLOQO>/RX>/TCQW>/T_Vz&^@RXGXGFLONC_VzF>Pp
\aLO[��CDFLV^3{ ,�. ]M�P�;DFQO[IHI[e?]>WAC>@?�f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?\AC>Ma%LO>/>/TX>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?�G&NMDFL%?][IR3DFHI>/L�HI>@?"RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQO?f�NMLOQV?\HINMLV?\AC>KJMLONP?%?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?Upr�^/nC[e_ >@3O46H�W {a�M�M�M�P�\NMTCQ\> vu>@_UQOD\c>KDFTF>�c>/QOD&AC>jAC>j?]>/T&?][ISF[IHI[IQFc>K^�s T9AC>KQO>@?]QO>/L%He^jnM^@HI[eAC[IQFc>KAC>jHe^Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>KAC>@?�f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?%AC>=a%LO>/>/T7>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?Up
�%� � �M! � ! + ���� ��� ! �����q��������=�(�������M���������������7,�� z�~:| �/53<�|(6��#{K2�2��~K178U{K2"</531=&>@?%S&^M?]>@?KAC>BACNMTFT\c>/>@?WA�`b^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[I>%G&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ\AC>3A;c> s TF[ILWAC>@?%HINM[e?\>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?Up&k">@?
HINM[e?�LO>/HI[I>/TCQ"AC>@?"JMLV^@T&AC>/DFLV?;_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>@?"ACD3RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQ�ACD7?]NMH"i^KHe^WR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>WACD7?Cc>/[e?]RX>>/Q�i^ He^ AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>�?]NMDFLV_U> � ?][IQO>Pp\r�^@LORX[WHI>@?3TFNMR3SFLO>/D&?]>@?3HINM[e?X>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?BGFDFSFHI[/c>/>@?UY;LO>/HI[e^@TCQXHI>?]G&>@_UQOLO>BAC>KLFc>/G&NMT&?]>-i^BHe^3AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>K>/QBi^BHe^BR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>PYFNMT-G&>/DFQW_U[IQO>/LWk;^@[IHIHINMQ\>/Q6 \^@LVA�{ ,�./. �P�VYl%R3SFLV^M?]>/oF? >@3_46H�W { ,�./. �M^P�VYBl%SFLV^@z&^@R7?]NMT�>/Q�[P[IHInM^{ ,�./. �M�VY[ ;NPNMLO> >@3_46H�W { ,�./. �M�VY3k;^@RXG �S&>/HIH"{ ,�./. �M�;>/QWk"NMQOQONMT >@3C46H�W { ,�././. �Vpk">@?3HINM[e?UY"R�q>/RX>X?][W>/HIHI>@?jTF>9G&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQjG&^M?7AC>9ACNMTFTF>/L7AC> fh^��_UNMTmGFLFc>@_U[e?]>-He^ f�NMLORX>9ACD
RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TPQ�?][e?]RX[eZPDF>PY f�NMDFLOTF[e?O?]>/TCQ;T\c>@^@TFRXNM[IT&?UYMG&^@L\HI>%SF[e^@[e?;A�`Oc>@_/^@LOQ��hQ]oCG&>W^@DFQONMDFL%AC>@?;_UNMDFLOS&>@?RXN@oP>/TFTF>@?UY�AC>@?B>/TCnP>/HINMGFG&>@?jLV^@[e?]NMTFT&^@SFHI>@?Up\k">@?BHINM[e?B>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?K?]NMTCQ7^M_UQODF>/HIHI>/RX>UTCQKDFQO[IHI[e?Cc>/>@?G&NMDFLW_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]>/L;HI>WRXNMDFnP>/RX>/TPQ"?][e?]RX[eZPDF>Bi^jGFLO>/T&ACLO>K>/T-_UNMRXGFQO>%G&NMDFL%Ha`Oc>/nM^@HID&^@QO[INMT7AC>KHa`b^@H/c>@^?][e?]RX[eZPDF>WAC>@?;[IT&?]QV^@HIHe^@QO[INMT&?%_ULO[IQO[eZPDF>@?Up
�7,]+ � �~%22~W4�� <@1U{K2"</531�~:� ��</4;<��78U~�6U~ ��{*698-4��~6~�698 �*538 �Z~ ���~K132 |�<�|2� <��78U~
=�^3ACDFLFc>/>j^@GFG&^@LO>/TCQO>jA�` DFT-?Cc>/[e?]RX>%>/TXDFT-HI[I>/D7ACNMTFT\c>K>@?]Q\DFT7G&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>KZPDF[�>@?]Q%AC>KGFHID&?;>/TGFHID&?\AC>/R7^@T&A;c>WG&^@L%HI>@?;[ITFJ�c>/TF[I>/DFLV?"G&NMDFLWAC[IRX>/T&?][INMTFTF>/L;HI>@?;?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>@?%ZPDy` [IHe?3c>/QOD&AC[I>/TCQW{a_/^@He_UDFHe?ACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>@?jTFNMT �hHI[IT\c>@^@[ILO>@?V�Vp�Z�Tm> vu>/Q3G&NMDFL-_U>@?3_/^@He_UDFHe?B[IH fh^@DFQXTFNMT�?]>/DFHI>/RX>/TCQjGFLO>/T&ACLO>->/T_UNMRXGFQO>KHa`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>WAC>BHe^3?]NMHIHI[e_U[IQV^@QO[INMT-?][e?]RX[eZPDF>KZPDF[�>@?]Q f�NMDFLOTF[I>jG&^@LWHI>B?]G&>@_UQOLO>BAC>jLFc>/G&NMT&?]>PYR7^@[e?;^@D&?O?][�He^BACDFLFc>/>jAC>j_U>/QOQO>K?]NMHIHI[e_U[IQV^@QO[INMTypl�G&^@LOQO[IL�AC>�S&^M?]>@?�AC>�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?9>/DFLONMG\c>/>/TFTF>@?9>/Q�_/^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[I>/TFTF>@?UYW[IHBTFNMD&?�>@?]Q�G&NP?O?][ISFHI>
G&^@L-?][IRXGFHI>XLFc>/JMLO>@?O?][INMTA�` >@?]QO[IRX>/LjHe^�ACDFLFc>/>�A�` DFT�?][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>XG&NMDFL7DFTF>9AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>9>/QXDFTF>R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>9ACNMTFT\c>/>Pp%=�^ AC[e?]G&>/LV?][INMT�AC>@?XACNMTFT\c>/>@?3>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>/>@?3GFL/i>@?XAC>9He^�?]NMDFLV_U>9G&NMDFL-AC>@?c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?"AC> f�NMLOQO>BR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>K>@?]Q%JMLV^@T&AC>B>/Q%Ha` >@?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMTXAC>jHe^XACDFLFc>/>jAC[�� _U[IHI>PpFr�NMDFLOQV^@TCQ/YHI> f�NMLOQW?Cc>/[e?]RX>WGFLONC_VzF>j>@?]QWDFT9?Cc>/[e?]RX>WQOL/i>@?\G\c>/T&^@HI[e?O^@TCQWZPDF>jHa` NMT->@?]QW?]NMDFnP>/TCQW^@RX>/T\c>Xi^BGFLO>/T&ACLO>>/T-_UNMRXGFQO>KAF^@T&?\Ha`Oc>/nM^@HID&^@QO[INMT7AC>KHa`b^@H/c>@^B?][e?]RX[eZPDF>Pp
Z�T�_Vz&^@RXGXGFLONC_VzF>PY&HI>@?;> vu>/QV?WACD&?ji^3Ha` NMLO[I>/TCQV^@QO[INMT-AC>@? fh^@[IHIHI>@?;>/Q%^@D�A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/RX>/TCQ;ACoCT&^��RX[eZPDF>WAC>WHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>j?]DFL%_U>/HIHI>@? � _U[�{aAC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQFc>PYMLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT7z&^@DFQO> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>M��[IT � DF>/TCQXc>/TFNMLORmc> �RX>/TCQ%?]DFL%He^�f�NMLORX>K>/Q%He^XACDFLFc>/>BACD�?][IJMT&^@Hapy=&>@?%>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLO>/RX>/TCQV?;AC>B_Vz&^@RXG7GFLONC_VzF>BRXNMTCQOLO>/TCQDFTF>KJMLV^@T&AC>BnM^@LO[e^@SF[IHI[IQFc>B{a^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>PYCACDFLFc>/>M�">/Q%AC>B?][IRXGFHI>@?�LFc>/JMLO>@?O?][INMT&?\TF>KG&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ;G&^M?%AC>HI>@?BA;c>@_ULO[ILO>Pp�\aH�fh^@DFQXACNMT&_mc>/QOD&AC[I>/LjHI>@?jGFz\c>/TFNMR9i>/TF>@?KGFzCoF?][eZPDF>@?jZPDF[\NMTCQBDFTF>7[IT � DF>/T&_U>7?]DFL3HI>_UNMTCQO>/TCD�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/TCQO[I>/HP>/Q�He^KACDFLFc>/>%AC>@?"?][IJMT&^@DFE3AC>%_Vz&^@RXGjGFLONC_VzF>PYC^�s TXAC> fh^@[ILO>%AC>@?"?][IR3DFHe^@QO[INMT&?UYG&NMDFL%>/T&?]DF[IQO>j_UNMT&?][eA;c>/LO>/L;HI>@?\_/^M?\HI>@?"GFHID&?\G\c>/T&^@HI[e?O^@TCQV?Up
� � ��� ��� ���� ! �9���n�������� ����������� #�! ����� ����%��������=�(�������M�������������� �%��
�G������ � +�!'# ���� ��� ���� ! �����n�i� )���&(� ����������) !%� ����&n����� ! �����������% � ! �� ! �� ) ��� !%� ����������&��K � ����&n��' ����� ! +2+ � # ��� �'&(� ! ��r� ��������&(��������� ����& ! ��� # � +�! �������
Wp&�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> � YF�;p&k"NMQOQONMT��� � � � � �'�,¤ , � ��� s�8�D@HI<�j�8�:Vz >KD@>K: �K>M8�:�vO4�D@39?'p�F�4���>�>K:6��79:�>@>KDK79:6��¤ �M�M�M�Cp
����� ! ���[PQOLONMTFJ-RXNMQO[INMT�ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�[e?K^@T�[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQWG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/Lwf�NML fh^@[IHIDFLO>3N f _UNMT&?]QOLOD&_UQO[INMT�DFT&AC>/L
QOzF>7HINP^MA�N f ^9?]>/[e?]RX[e_3?]NMHI[e_U[IQV^@QO[INMTyp�lW?j^�_UNMT&?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PYyQOzF>-?]>/[e?]RX[e_jz&^ � ^@LVA�^M?O?]>@?O?]RX>/TCQjLO> �ZPDF[ILO>@?%QOzF>3GFLO>@AC[e_UQO[INMT9N f QOzF>BJMLONMDFT&A ?]z&^��C[ITFJ-ACDFLV^@QO[INMTyp=¦�>3GFLO>@?]>/TCQ/Y�[IT�QOzF[e?WGFLONC_U>/>@AC[ITFJFYy^GFLO>/HI[IRX[IT&^@LOoX>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@HyRXNCAC>/H f�NMLj?]QOLONMTFJ-RXNMQO[INMT9ACDFLV^@QO[INMT AC>/LO[InP>@A f�LONMR�^-k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^@T�^@T&A\aQV^@HI[e^@T7zFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@Hy^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_\AF^@QV^@S&^M?]>Pp�x;zF[e?;RXNCAC>/H�GFLO>@AC[e_UQV?;QOzF>KRX>@^@T3JMLONMDFT&A-RXNMQO[INMTACDFLV^@QO[INMT7^M?\^ f�DFT&_UQO[INMTXN f >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>%R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>PYPAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>K^@T&AX?]NM[IHy_/^@QO>/JMNMLOoPpCx;zF>WLO>/He^@QO[INMT �?]zF[IG&?�[e?�>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@HC^@T&A3QOzF>%_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQ]oWN f QOzF>W?]NMDFLV_U>%GFLONC_U>@?O?"[e?�TFNMQ;QV^��P>/TB[ITCQONj^M_/_UNMDFTCQ/pClW?�^_UNMT&?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>\QOzF[e?�RXNCAC>/HF_/^@TXTFNMQ"S&>%D&?]>@A�f�NML;?]NMDFLV_U> � ?][IQO>WAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>%HI>@?O?�QOz&^@TXQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ�HI>/TFJMQOzyp\aT-TF>@^@L�� s >/HeA�Yy^@T&A9^@He?]N ¥\zF>/T9QOzF>BRX>@AC[IDFR [e?\nP>/LOo-_UNMRXGFHI>/E�YCNMTFHIo9^3JMNPNCA��CTFN�¥\HI>@ACJM>jN f�QOzF>fh^@DFHIQ�JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoj^@T&A3^WAC[ILO>@_UQ�RXNCAC>/HF^@GFGFLONP^M_Vz3[e?�> � _U[I>/TCQyQONKQV^��P>\[ITCQONW^M_/_UNMDFTCQ"QOzF>%AC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]o^@T&A7[IT9?]NMRX>K_/^M?]>@?\QOzF>jTFNMT-HI[ITF>@^@L\> vu>@_UQV?UY&^M?W?]zFN�¥\T-SCoU ;>/LOJM> � x;zF[I>/LOLOo >@3C46H�W { ,�./. ]P� f�NML%QOzF>,�./.M| �WNMS&>B>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Pp&�%N�¥;>/nP>/L/YC[IT-QOzF> fh^@Lws >/HeA7^@GFGFLON@EC[IR7^@QO[INMT�{'¥\zF>/T-QOzF>B?]NMDFLV_U>BQONX?][IQO>AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>B[e?\JMLO>@^@QO>/LWQOz&^@T�QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQ%HI>/TFJMQOz��G¥;>3_/^@T9D&?]>BQOzF[e?%>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H�LO>/He^@QO[INMT&?]zF[IG&?\QON7GFLO> �AC[e_UQ\QOzF>KRX>@^@T7nM^@HIDF>@?\N f QOzF>KJMLONMDFT&A9?]z&^��C[ITFJZ¥\zF[e_Vz7[e?%^@T-[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L�f�NMLW?]>/[e?]RX[e_z&^ � ^@LVA-^M?O?]>@?O?]RX>/TCQ/p
��� ���� ��� ����������� ������
� ��� ! � ��������������� + ����� ! ����� � ���� )�� �� ��� + )������� ! ����� !'# � ! � ��/� � � # �x;zF>B�FLO>/T&_Vz9�FDFT&AF^@RX>/TCQV^@H�[C^�f�>/Q]o b DFHI>X{ b ^@GFG&NMLOQ:�GZg[&Y ,�./. ]P� f�NMLWQOzF>B?]QV^@T&AF^@LVA9TCD&_UHI>@^@L[IT&?]QV^@HIHe^@QO[INMTmAC>@?][IJMTm[e?3AC>/QO>/LORX[ITF[e?]QO[e_Mp�x;zF>�^@T&^@HIoF?][e?3R7^@[ITFHIo�S&^M?]>@A�NMTmzF[e?]QONMLO[e_/^@HW?]>/[e?]RX[e_U[IQ]o
^@T&A-?]>/[e?]RXNMQO>@_UQONMTF[e_W_UNMT&?][e?]QV?\QONXAC>/QO>/LORX[ITF>%QOzF>jRXNP?]Q%^@JMJMLO>@?O?][InP>jGFLONMS&^@SFHI>j>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?Up&x;zF>?]G&>@_UQOLV^X^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@A-QONXQOzF>@?]>K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?%^@LO>3_UNMRXGFDFQO>@AXD&?][ITFJX^@QOQO>/TCD&^@QO[INMT9He^�¥%?K{]k;^@[IHIHINMQ%>/Q \^@LVA�Y ,�./. � � l%R3SFLV^M?]>/oF? >@3=46H�W Y ,�./. �M^ � l%R3SFLV^M?]>/oF? >@3M46H�W Y ,�./. �@S � k;^@RXGFS&>/HIHaY ,�./. � � ;NPNMLO>>@3M46H�W Y ,�./. �M�Vp b >@_U>/TCQKLO>@?]>@^@LV_Vz�LO>@?]DFHIQV?UY�_UNMT&_U>/LOTF[ITFJ-G&^@HI>/NP?]>/[e?]R7?WNML3ACDFLV^@QO[INMT N fwQOzF>-?]QOLONMTFJJMLONMDFT&AmRXNMQO[INMT f�NMLX>/EF^@RXGFHI>PY�^@LO>-TFN�¥([IT&_UHID&AC>@A [IT�QOzF>-TF>�¥��FLO>/T&_Vz��FDFT&AF^@RX>/TCQV^@HG[C^�f�>/Q]ob DFHI>PpFlW? fh^@LW^M?\QOzF>jJMLONMDFT&A-?]z&^��C[ITFJ7ACDFLV^@QO[INMT-[e?\_UNMT&_U>/LOTyYF[IQ\[e?\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\QON3S&>B^�¥\^@LO>KQOz&^@QQOzF>/LO>3^@LO>X^XTCDFR3S&>/L%N f ?][IQOD&^@QO[INMT&?K[IT�¥\zF[e_Vz9QOzF>3LO>@?]G&NMT&?]>XN f QOzF>B[IT&?]QV^@HIHe^@QO[INMT�AC>/G&>/T&AF?WnP>/LOo?]QOLONMTFJMHIo�TFNMQBNMTFHIo�NMT QOzF>-^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>3N fwQOzF>7JMLONMDFT&A ^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMT�SFDFQ3^@He?]N�QOzF>XTCDFR3S&>/LKN f_UoF_UHI>@?Up�lW?K^-_UNMT&?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PY�[IT�^MAFAC[IQO[INMT�QON-QOzF>3LO>@?]G&NMT&?]>7?]G&>@_UQOLV^CYy[IQK[e?WTF>@_U>@?O?O^@LOo9QON7JM[InP>BQON
�%� � �M! � ! + ���� ��� ! �����q��������=�(�������M��������������QOzF>B?]QOLOD&_UQODFLV^@H�>/TFJM[ITF>/>/LV?;QOzF>j> vu>@_UQO[InP>KACDFLV^@QO[INMT-N f ^@T->@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>B^@Q%QOzF>B_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@A7?][IQO>KQON^@HIHIN�¥_UNMRXGFHI>/QO>W?]QOLOD&_UQODFLV^@H�?]QOD&AC[I>@?Up
�%��� ! �����q���K �� ! ����� � � �� �K � ����&���' �����x;zF>9> vu>@_UQO[InP>-ACDFLV^@QO[INMTm>/nM^@HID&^@QO[INMT f�NML7^�JM[InP>/T�R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>9^@T&AmAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>-S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T�QOzF>
?]NMDFLV_U>j^@T&AXQOzF>K?][IQO>W[e?"TFNMQ\>@^M?]oPpFx;zF>/LO> f�NMLO>PYPQOzF[e?;G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/L"[e?"TFNMQ\oP>/Q;QV^��P>/TX[ITCQONB^M_/_UNMDFTCQ;[ITRXNP?]Q�N fuQOzF>%?]>/[e?]RX[e_�?O^�f�>/Q]oB_UNCAC>@?UpPx;zF>;TCDFR3S&>/LyN f ^/nM^@[IHe^@SFHI>\AF^@QV^%[e?�TFN�¥ [IT&_ULO>@^M?][ITFJK^@T&AjN vu>/LV?QOzF>KG&NP?O?][ISF[IHI[IQ]oXQON3?]QOD&ACo7QOzF>j?]QOLONMTFJXJMLONMDFT&A7RXNMQO[INMT-ACDFLV^@QO[INMTgf�NML\nM^@LO[INMD&?\QO>@_UQONMTF[e_K_UNMTCQO>/ECQV?Up\aTjQOzF[e?yG&^@G&>/L/Y�¥;>;GFLO>@?]>/TCQ�^\GFLO>/HI[IRX[IT&^@LOo%>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H@RXNCAC>/H f�NML"?]QOLONMTFJWJMLONMDFT&AjRXNMQO[INMTjACDFLV^@QO[INMTAC>/LO[InP>@A f�LONMR�zFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@H�k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^@TX^@T&A�\aQV^@HI[e^@TX?]QOLONMTFJBRXNMQO[INMT3AF^@QV^CpFx;zF[e?">/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@HPRXNCAC>/HGFLO>@AC[e_UQV?\QOzF>BRX>@^@T7nM^@HIDF>BN f�QOzF>3ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�^M?W^�f�DFT&_UQO[INMT9N f ?]NMDFLV_U>BR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>B^@T&A9AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>^@T&A7?]NM[IH�_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMT&?\^@T&A7_/^@T7S&>KD&?]>@A f�NML\QOzF>j?]>/[e?]RX[e_;z&^ � ^@LVA7^M?O?]>@?O?]RX>/TCQ/p'\aQ;[e?;[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ"QONS&>W^�¥\^@LO>%QOz&^@Q"[IT3TF>@^@L�� s >/HeA�YMQOzF[e?"?][IRXGFHI>"RXNCAC>/HF[e?�D&?]>/HI>@?O?UYP^@T&A3NMTFHIo3^WJMNPNCA �CTFN�¥\HI>@ACJM>\N f QOzF>fh^@DFHIQ%JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoX^@T&A-^3_UNMRXGFHI>/QO>WAC[ILO>@_UQ\RXNCAC>/H�[e?;> � _U[I>/TCQ;QON3QV^��P>K[ITCQON3^M_/_UNMDFTCQ%QOzF>j_UNMRXGFHI>/E?]NMDFLV_U>BLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT�G&^@QOQO>/LOT�^@T&A9AC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]oPpFx;zF>X���a�!_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQ]o3N f�QOzF>BRX>@AC[e^CY&S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T-QOzF>>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j?]NMDFLV_U>B^@T&A7QOzF>j?][IQO>PY&^@He?]N3G&>/LOQODFLOS&?\QOzF>jJMLONMDFT&A7RXNMQO[INMT-ACDFLV^@QO[INMT9^@T&A-TF>/>@AF?;QOzF>D&?]>KN f RXNMLO>K_UNMRXGFHI>/QO>W^@T&A-AC>/QO>/LORX[ITF[e?]QO[e_;RXNCAC>/He?Up
��� ����� � ������� ���������� � �� ������ ���� �� �������
����������' � + ����� +�+ ���� �� �x;zF>gs LV?]Q3?]QO>/G N f NMDFL3>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H�RXNCAC>/H\_UNMT&?][e?]QV?B[IT�?]>/HI>@_UQO[ITFJ-QOzF>-AF^@QV^Cpg\aT��FLV^@T&_U>PY�QOzF>
HIN�¥?]>/[e?]RX[e_%^M_UQO[InC[IQ]oXACNP>@?\TFNMQW^@HIHIN�¥�QONXAC>/LO[InP>W>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@HFHe^�¥%?\D&?][ITFJBQONPNXLV^@LO>j?]QOLONMTFJXRXNMQO[INMTLO>@_UNMLVAF?UY"?]N�QOz&^@Q[¥;>-_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@A ^-RX[IEC>@A�l%RX>/LO[e_/^@T�^@T&Aq\aQV^@HI[e^@T�?]QOLONMTFJ�RXNMQO[INMT AF^@QV^@S&^M?]>Ppk"NMT&?][eAC>/LO[ITFJ9AF^@QV^gf�LONMR�NMQOzF>/LB_UNMDFTCQOLO[I>@?6¥\^M?jQOzF>XDFTF[eZPDF>3G&NP?O?][ISF[IHI[IQ]o9QON-NMSFQV^@[IT�^-ZPDF[IQO>3zFN �RXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&?\AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT7N f >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?;[IT7QO>/LOR7?"N f R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>K^@T&A-?][IQO>KQON3>/nP>/TCQ\AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>Pp\aT�QOzF>gf�DFQODFLO>U¥\[IQOz�QOzF>-[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>-N f ?]QOLONMTFJ�RXNMQO[INMT�TF>/Q#¥;NMLE�F?3^@T&A QOzF>-NMG&>/TF[ITFJ�N f�?]>/nP>/LV^@HAF^@QV^@S&^M?]>BQONXGFDFSFHI[e_6¥;>jGFHe^@T-QONXD&?]>jRXNMLO>jAF^@QV^X_UNMRX[ITFJ�f�LONMR Z�DFLONMG&>@^@T�?]z&^@HIHIN�¥>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>{ RXNMLO>W[IT-^M_/_UNMLVAF^@T&_U>:¥\[IQOz7QOzF>j?]>/[e?]RXNMQO>@_UQONMTF[e_%_UNMTCQO>/ECQG¥;>Wz&^/nP>KQONX_UNMT&?][eAC>/L\[IT7�FLV^@T&_U>M�Vp
� ! ! ��� # � + �����\aT NMLVAC>/LBQON9JM>/Q3^-JMNPNCA{ad9^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>PY2�%[e?]QV^@T&_U>M�jAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�N fw>/nP>/TCQV?UY=¥;>XRX[IEC>@A�AC[tfe�
f�>/LO>/TCQXAF^@QV^ ?]>/QV?Up\�%>/nP>/LOQOzF>/HI>@?O?UY�QON�^/nPNM[eA�^@TCo�SF[e^M?7ACDF>9QON�nP>/LOo G&^@LOQO[e_UDFHe^@LXJM>/NCACoCT&^@RX[e_/^@H_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMTyY�¥;>X?]oF?]QO>/R7^@QO[e_/^@HIHIoX>/EF_UHID&AC>@A->/nP>/TCQV?,¥\zFNP?]>7AC>/GFQOz�¥\^M?WJMLO>@^@QO>/LKQOz&^@T �M�P�CR�{ QOzF>�FLO>/T&_VzjRX>/QOLONMG&NMHI[IQV^@TB?]>/[e?]RX[e_U[IQ]o%[e?�?]z&^@HIHIN�¥W�VpMx;zF>%R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>;D&?]>@Aj[e?�QOzF>\HINC_/^@HFR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>�f�NMLR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>WHI>@?O?\QOz&^@T9�j>/nP>/TCQV?\^@T&A7QOzF>j?]DFL�fh^M_U>:¥\^/nP>KR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>wf�NML%QOzF>KHe^@LOJM>/L\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?
� � ��� ��� ���� ! �9���n�������� ����������� #�! ����� ����%��������=�(�������M�������������� �%�%�
S&>@_/^@D&?]>BQOzF>jHINC_/^@H�R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>@?\?O^@QODFLV^@QO>�f�NML%RXNMRX>/TCQ;R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>@?\He^@LOJM>/L%QOz&^@T��Cp | p�x;zF>3AC[e? �QV^@T&_U>B_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@A7[e?;QOzF>B_UHINP?]>@?]QWAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>jS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T7QOzF> fh^@DFHIQW^@T&A-QOzF>B?][IQO>Pp&x;zF>X{ad9^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>PY�%[e?]QV^@T&_U>M�\_UNMDFGFHI>@?\N f QOzF>3k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^@T9^@T&A�\aQV^@HI[e^@T-zFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@H�^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMJMLV^@R7?"D&?]>@A9^@LO>jHI[e?]QO>@A[IT-x�^@SFHI> . p , p
��� ����� � ��� ���� ������ � � �� ������� ���������� � �� ������ �������� ������
� ������� � + ��� � ���9 �������x;zF>/LO>-[e?jTFN�DFTF[InP>/LV?O^@H%^M_/_U>/GFQO>@A AC> s TF[IQO[INMT f�NML7^@GFG&^@LO>/TCQX?]QOLONMTFJ�JMLONMDFT&A�RXNMQO[INMT�ACDFLV^��
QO[INMT�ACDF>XQON�^@T >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Pp�l!He^@LOJM>7TCDFR3S&>/LWN fwLO>@?]>@^@LV_VzF>/LV?Kz&^/nP>XGFLONMG&NP?]>@A�AC> s TF[IQO[INMT&?KN f>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j?]QOLONMTFJ3JMLONMDFT&A-RXNMQO[INMT7ACDFLV^@QO[INMT-N@nP>/L\QOzF>KHe^M?]Q%QOzFLO>/>jAC>@_/^MAC>@?Up&x;zF>@?]>jAC> s TF[IQO[INMT&?^@LO>WLO>/nC[I>�¥;>@Aj[IT7_VzFLONMTFNMHINMJM[e_/^@H&NMLVAC>/L\SCo7{� ;NMRXRX>/L�>/Q;d9^@LOQO[ITF> � � r�>/LO>/[ILV^CY ,�././. �\^@T&AX_UHe^M?O?][ts >@A^M_/_UNMLVAC[ITFJ3QON�f�NMDFLWJM>/TF>/LO[e_WJMLONMDFG&?j{ � �ISFLV^M_/�P>/QO>@AXACDFLV^@QO[INMT � �aY � �IDFTF[tf�NMLOR�ACDFLV^@QO[INMT � �aY � �e?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQACDFLV^@QO[INMT � ��^@T&A-AC> s TF[IQO[INMT&?;S&^M?]>@A7NMT-QOzF>KLO>@?]G&NMT&?]>jN f ?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>KQON3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>WHINP^MAC[ITFJC�Vp�%� � ���9 �����t� ! ��������� � � � ! � � �� �������9/�
\aTBNMDFL;?]QOD&ACoPYMQOzF>%^@GFG&^@LO>/TCQ"ACDFLV^@QO[INMTX_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO[INMTB[e?�S&^M?]>@AjNMT3QOzF>%^M_/_UDFR3DFHe^@QO[INMTjN fu>/TF>/LOJMo[IT7QOzF>B^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMJMLV^@R LO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@A3SCoXQOzF>K[ITCQO>/JMLV^@HyN f QOzF>B?OZPD&^@LO>KN f QOzF>jJMLONMDFT&A-^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMTypx;zF[e?7AC> s TF[IQO[INMTm[e?3LO>/He^@QO>@A�QON QOzF>�l%LO[e^M?3[ITCQO>/T&?][IQ]oPY\{al%LO[e^M?UY ,�. �@�P�7^@T&Am[e?7_UHe^M?O?][ts >@A�[ITmQOzF>� �e?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQ\ACDFLV^@QO[INMT � ��JMLONMDFGypFlW?;?]zFN�¥\T7[IT7��[IJMDFLO> . pb�CYCQOzF>KAF^@QV^B^@LO>ws LV?]Q\S&^@T&AXG&^M?O?�s HIQO>/LO>@AS&>/Q#¥;>/>/TX�Cp | ^@T&A , �B� � pCl\Q;HIN�¥;>/L f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoPYP?][IQO>@?"> vu>@_UQ\_/^@T7RXNCAC[tf�oBQOzF>W>/ECG&>@_UQO>@A3ACDFLV^@QO[INMT^@T&A9^@QWzF[IJMzF>/Lwf�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_U[I>@?�¥;>B_/^@T9NMS&?]>/LOnP>B?]NMRX>j?O_/^@QOQO>/LO[ITFJFp�x;zF[e? f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoXLV^@TFJM>PY�[e?W^@He?]NFYQOzF>-NMTF>�_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@A f�NMLX>/TFJM[ITF>/>/LO[ITFJ�^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?Up;x;zF>�?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQXACDFLV^@QO[INMTm[e?XAC> s TF>@A�^M?QOzF>j[ITCQO>/LOnM^@HyS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T-QOzF>jQO[IRX>@?\^@Q6¥\zF[e_Vz | � ^@T&A .M| � N f QOzF>3l%LO[e^M?\[ITCQO>/T&?][IQ]o3[e?W^@QOQV^@[ITF>@A{axyLO[tf�DFT&^M_j>/Q@ ;LV^MACoPY ,�. � |�� �%NMSFLOo >@3L46H�W Y ,�. � ]P�Vp�x;zF[e?KAC> s TF[IQO[INMT9z&^M?WQOzF>3^MACnM^@TCQV^@JM>XQOz&^@QK[IQ_UNMT&?][eAC>/LV?jQOzF>X>/TCQO[ILO>7^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMJMLV^@R�^@T&A�AC> s TF>@?j^�_UNMTCQO[ITCDFNMD&?KQO[IRX>Z¥\[IT&ACN�¥%?j[ITt¥\zF[e_Vz�QOzF>RXNMQO[INMT7_/^@T-S&>j_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@A7^M?\S&>/[ITFJ3?]QOLONMTFJFp
��� ��� � � � ��������� ��� � ������� � ��� �� ������� � �� ������ �������� ������
� ���-����� + ���i�0 )���� ���� ��� ����� � + �����=���x�(� # ���������=���� )�� ! ��� ! � ���������� ! �����x;zF>�fh^@DFHIQWJM>/NMRX>/QOLOo9{ HI>/TFJMQOzyY¥\[eACQOzyYyAC[IG9^@T&A�?]QOLO[��P>M�\^@T&A-QOzF>3?]G&^@QO[IN �hQO>/RXG&NMLV^@H"AC>/nP>/HINMG �
RX>/TCQ%N f QOzF>3LODFGFQODFLO>-{a?]HI[IG9LV^��P>PY�LODFGFQODFLO>3nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oPY�AC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]o7^@T&A9LO[e?]>3QO[IRX>M�\^@LO>3JM>/TF>/LV^@HIHIo_UNMRXGFHI>/EX^@T&A�^3GFLO[INMLO[�DFT%�CTFN�¥\Typ�c%T f�NMLOQODFT&^@QO>/HIoPY&QOzF>@?]>jG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?\z&^/nP>B^X?]QOLONMTFJ7[IT � DF>/T&_U>NMT�QOzF>3JMLONMDFT&A�RXNMQO[INMT�?]z&^@G&>X^@T&A�ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�>@?]G&>@_U[e^@HIHIo9_UHINP?]>BQON7QOzF>X?]NMDFLV_U>Ppyx;zF>3TF>@^@L s >/HeAAF^@QV^9R7^/o�S&>-D&?]>@A GFLO>@_U[e?]>/HIo9QON�?]QOD&ACo QOzF>P�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_3AC>/nP>/HINMGFRX>/TCQWN f QOzF>-?]NMDFLV_U>-GFLONC_U>@?O?{a�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> �_>@3G46H�W Y ,�././. �Vp-\aQW[e?WnP>/LOo-AC[�� _UDFHIQ%QON7[IT&_UNMLOG&NMLV^@QO>@A�QOzF>@?]>[�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_W> vu>@_UQV?%[IT�^
� � � �M! � ! + ���� ��� ! �����q��������=�(�������M��������������
*�+-,�. . p , / w 7I;K3-8 z039?�> � �� 4����K>@H�>KDE8@��DE4�AL;GF6; >E<�79:�39?'7I;C;K35F�<�x�W ��8�DL>E4��@? �@8�F�B�H�>�QS>E4�D@39?'p�F�4���>E¤;K354635798�: U ��>MF6; >M39?�> � ?'8�DK7Il�8�:�3546H �@8�ACB'8�:�>K:�39;=8 z�39?�>L;K35DE8�:6�M��DE8�F�:'<%A=8635798�:�;K354635798�:�; W ?�>E; ><�46354 �@8�A�> z|DE8�A j�46HI7 z|8�DK:'794_QSR � ��D@>��@8�DE< ; U 4�: �@3546HIx�QSR � T�4����K>@H�>KDE8@��DE4�AL; UXW�� ��8�DC39?�>E; > �@8�F�B�H�>E;8�:�HIx�8�:�>G?'8�DK7Il�8�:�3546H �@8�ACB'8�:�>K:�3g7I;=4���4�7�HI4�mKH�>=8�DLF6; >E<�W
-��> � ����� � -��> � ����� � ����> ����������������� 4 @): ��7 ���������������� 4 @): ��7 ���������������� 4 @): ��730�������> � ��! � �! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �#��! � 1��� ��> ��! � � � ! �
-���������> ��� ��! � "�! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " � ��! � 1��� ��> �! � ����! � ��7 �)3��� ����� �! " � � ! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �E��! � 1��� ��> �! � �'��! � ��7 �)3��� ����� �! " �E��! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �� �! � 1��� ��> �! � �'��! � ��7 �)3��� ����� �! " �#"�! " ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " � � ! � 1��� ��> ��! � � � ! � ��7 �)3��� ����� �! " ��! ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �# �! � *,� ?�? � ��! �/�! � ��������� ? ��! � �E�! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �! " -��7 6������� �! � �#��! � ��������� ? ��! � �/�! " ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " � � ! " -��7 6����� �! � �E�! �30�������> � ��! � �E��! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �# �! � -��7 6����� ��! � �E��! �30�������> � ��! � �'��! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " /�! -��7 6������� ��! � �E��! �30�������> � ��! � �! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �"�! " 7)8��� � ��! � �#��! �30�������> � ��! � �E��! ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " � ��! � ���� � ��! � �# �! �30���� � ��> ��� �! � �! ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " ��! ���� � ��! � �#��! �30���� � ��> � �! � "�! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �! � ���� � ��! � �#��! �30���� � ��> � �! � �'��! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " ����! � ���� ��� ��! � �#��! �30���� � ��> � �! � ����! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �'��! � ���� � ��! � �� �! �30���� � ��> � �! � �' �! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " ����! � 1��� ��> � ��! � �#�! �
���� 1������������� �! �#��! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �#�! � 1��� ��> �! � ����! ����� 1������������� �! ��"�! ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �E�! � *,� ?�? � ��! � � ! ����� 1������������� �! ����! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " ��"�! *,� ?�? � ��! � ��! ����� 1������������� �! � ! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " ����! � �����A� � ��! � ��! �-��������� ���� ��! � ��! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " � ��! � -��7 6����� �! � � ��! �-��������� ���� ��! � ��! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �/�! � -��7 6������� �! � � ��! �-��������� ���� ��! � �! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " ����! � -��7 6����� ��! � ����! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � �! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " #��! � -��7 6����� ��! " �'��! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � ��! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " �'��! � -��7 6������� ��! " � ��! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � �'��! � ��7 ��3��� ����� �! " � ��! � -��7 6����� ��! � ����! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � � ��! � ��������� ? ��! � � ��! � -��7 6����� ��! " �'��! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � ����! � ��������� ? ��! � E��! � -��7 6����� ��! � �' �! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � �#��! � ��������� ? ��! � �#��! � -��7 6����� ��! � �' �! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � �� �! � ��������� ? ��! � ����! " -��7 6������� ��! " ����! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � ��! ��������� ? ��! � �#�! � -��7 6����� ��! � �' �! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � ��! � ��������� ? ��! � � ��! � -��7 6����� ��! " ����! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � � � ! ��������� ? ��! � �� �! � -��7 6����� ��! � � � ! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � �#��! � ����> � -��7 6����� ��! � �#"�! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � �' �! � ���������������� 4 @): ��7 -��7 6����� ��! � � � ! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � �! � ����A������� ��! � ��"�! � -��7 6������� ��! � �#"�! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � ��! � ����A����� ��! � ����! � -��7 6����� ��! � � ! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � � ! ����A����� ��! � � ��! � -��7 6����� ��! �#�! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � ��! � 1��� ��> ��! � � � ! � -��7 6����� ��! � ����! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � ��! � 1��� ��> ��! � �'��! � -��7 6������� ��! � ����! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � ����! 1��� ��> ��! � �' �! � 7)8��� � ��! � �/�! � �7 69���� �>�+0�> > ��� �! � ��! � 1��� ��> ��! � �#�! � 7)8��� � ��! � ��"�! �������� -��������� ��! � � � "�! � 1��� ��> � ��! � �#��! � 7)8��� � ��! � � � ! �������� -��������� ��! � �E��! � 1��� ��> ��! � ����! � ���� � ��! � ����! �������� -��������� ��! � �E��! � 1��� ��> ��! "�! � ���� � ��! � �#�! �������� -��������� ��! � � � ��! � 1��� ��> ��! ����! � ���� � ��! � ����! � ��7 �)3��� ����� �! " � ��! � 1��� ��> �! � �#�! � ���� � ��! � � � ! �
� � ��� ��� ���� ! �9���n�������� ����������� #�! ����� ����%��������=�(�������M�������������� � � �
raw accelerogram
-150-100
-500
50100150
Acc
eler
atio
n, c
m.s
-2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Time, s
0.5Hz<f<10Hz
-150-100
-500
50100150
Acc
eler
atio
n, m
.s -
2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Time, s
Square acceleration integral
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Time, s
Square acceleration integral
0
50
100
%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Time, s
egf9hC. . pb� / �MF�DE4635798�: �@46H���F�HI4635798�: � ?�>ODE4��%;K35DE8�:6�C��DE8�F�:'<LA=8635798�:�;C4�D@> � DE;K3�m@4�:'<OB'4 ;@; � H^3S>KD@>E<mK>@3 ��>@>K: � W � �Cl%4�:'<nR � �Cl W ?�> �MF�DE4635798�:n7I;%<�> � :�>E<$4 ;�39?�>�79:�3S>KD���46HgmK>@3 ��>@>K:q39?�>�3579A�>�463��?'7��@? � � 4�:'<�T�� � 8 z�39?�>L35863546H�79:�3S>���DE46H�8 z�4����K>@H�>KDE4635798�:%;�p�F�4�D@>E<�7I;M463�354�79:�>E<�W
� � � �M! � ! + ���� ��� ! �����q��������=�(�������M��������������?][IRXGFHI>�RXNCAC>/HaY/^M?�^%LO>@?]DFHIQV?UY/QOzF>;>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H@LO>/He^@QO[INMT&?]zF[IGyY�¥;>\_VzFNP?]>\AC>/G&>/T&AF?yNMTFHIoKNMTBR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>^@T&A-?][IQO>jAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>j^@T&A7?][IQO>j_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMTyp
�%��� ! �����t�(��� ������ ! &(���9 �����%�����K ! � + � ! ��������� # /�����x;zF>BACDFLV^@QO[INMT-N f QOzF>K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j?][IJMT&^@H�JMLON�¥%?G¥\[IQOz-AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>jACDF>KQONXAC[tvu>/LO>/TCQG¥\^/nP>WGFLON �
G&^@JP^@QO[INMT�nP>/HINC_U[IQO[I>@?%^@T&A�R3DFHIQO[IGFHIoXLO>�� >@_UQO>@A9^@T&A�LO> f�LV^M_UQO>@A9^@LOLO[InM^@He?UY�^@T&A9QOzF[e?W[e?WLO>�� >@_UQO>@A-[ITQOzF>7ACDFLV^@QO[INMTmAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�N fwQOzF>7AF^@QV^�^M?B^gf�DFT&_UQO[INMT N f AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>@?KLO>/GFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@A�SCo�ACNMQV?j[IT��[IJMDFLO> . p �FpFx;zF>KACDFLV^@QO[INMTXN f QOzF>K?]QOLONMTFJBJMLONMDFT&A3RXNMQO[INMT3[e?;_UHINP?]>/HIojLO>/He^@QO>@A3QONjQOzF>WACDFLV^@QO[INMT7N fQOzF>wfh^@DFHIQ;LODFGFQODFLO>Pp�\hf ^j_UNMT&?]QV^@TCQ\LODFGFQODFLO>WnP>/HINC_U[IQ]oj[e?"^M?O?]DFRX>@A�YC^@T&AX[tf QOzF>%LO[e?]>WQO[IRX>\[e?�TF>/JMHI>@_ �QO>@A�YyQOzF>3RXNMRX>/TCQ\R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>B[e?WGFLONMG&NMLOQO[INMT&^@H\QON7QOzF>3HINMJP^@LO[IQOzFR�N f QOzF>X?][ � >3N f QOzF>�fh^@DFHIQKNMT¥\zF[e_Vz3QOzF>WLODFGFQODFLO>WGFLONMJMLO>@?O?][INMTX[e?"HI[ITF>@^@L/pClW?;^j_UNMT&?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>,¥;>W_/^@T7AC>/LO[InP>%^jGFLONMG&NMLOQO[INMT&^@HI[IQ]oS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T-LODFGFQODFLO>3ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�^@T&A9RXNMRX>/TCQ;R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>Pp&x;zF>3?][IQO>3_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMT�^@LO>B[IT&_UNMLOG&NMLV^@QO[ITFJQOzFLONMDFJMz ^XAC[e_VzFNMQONMRXNMD&?%nM^@LO[e^@SFHI>7{ LONC_/�-NMLj?]NM[IH �%^M?W[IT {ad9_ a%DF[ILO>B>/Q: \^@LOTFz&^@LVA�Y ,�. � .�� r�^@G&^��� ^M_VzFNP? >@3C46H�W Y ,�./. �P�Vp�x;zF>jJM>/TF>/LV^@H f�NMLOR(N f�QOzF>B>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H�RXNCAC>/HyD&?]>@A-[IT-QOzF[e?%GFLO>@?]>/TCQW?]QOD&ACo[e?��
HINMJW{#������� � ��� �y�"���� ��y��� " � ����� �� %HINMJ&{#� ��� � ������ ��� � � { . p , �
¥\zF>/LO> HINMJm[e?-QOzF> T&^@QODFLV^@HBHINMJP^@LO[IQOzFR � ������� � ��� ��[e?-QOzF> ?][IJMTF[tsu_/^@TCQ�ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�[IT�?]>@_UNMT&AF? ���� " � ����� �� [e?"QOzF>WHINC_/^@H�R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>wf�NML;R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>WHI>@?O?"QOz&^@T-�K>/nP>/TCQV?"^@T&AXQOzF>j?]DFL�fh^M_U>6¥\^/nP>R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC> f�NML%QOzF>KJMLO>@^@QO>/L%>/nP>/TCQV? � � ��� � ���� � [e?;QOzF>B_UHINP?]>@?]Q%AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>KS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T7QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%^@T&AQOzF>9?][IQO> � ^@T&A�[PNM[IH%[e?j>@ZPD&^@H%QON , [tf QOzF>_[ � ¥\^/nP>-nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o9N f QOzF>-?][IQO>-[e?jHI>@?O?BQOz&^@T�� | ��RU§@?^@T&A��X[tf [IQW[e?W^XLONC_/�9?][IQO>Pp�^CY�SyYy_B^@T&A�A�^@LO>BQOzF>B>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@Hy_UNP> � _U[I>/TCQ%N f QOzF>BRXNCAC>/H f�NMLWQOzF>f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoBLV^@TFJM>B{a�Cp | � , �B� � �Vp'[PNMRX>W?]QOD&AC[I>@?UYC?]D&_Vz7^M?\xyLO[tf�DFT&^M_%>/QG ;LV^MACo-{ ,�. � | �;_UNMT&?][eAC>/LO>@AQOzFLO>/>K_/^@QO>/JMNMLO[I>@?W{ LONC_/�7^@T&A-?]QO[tv ^@T&A-?]N f�Q%?]NM[IHe?V�Vp�k;^@[IHIHINMQW{ ,�./. �P�%?]QOD&AC[I>@A3QOzF>K[IT � DF>/T&_U>WN f ?][IQO>> vu>@_UQV?;NMT9ACDFLV^@QO[INMT-[IT7AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQ f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo3S&^@T&AF?Up L!'# �������i�0 )��������� # � ! � ! ��� ��� �x;zF>jG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?\^CYFSyY&_MY&^@T&A9A7^@LO>B_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITF>@A7D&?][ITFJX^@T-NMLVAC[IT&^@LOo7NMTF>B?]QO>/G7R3DFHIQO[IHI[ITF>/^@L
HI>@^M?]Q�� ?OZPD&^@LO>@?�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTj?O_VzF>/RX>Pp@x;zF>\nM^@HIDF>@?�N f QOzF>\RXNCAC>/HPG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?�^@LO>\JM[InP>/Tj[IT3x�^@SFHI> . pb�Cpx;zF>BAF^@QV^3^@T&A-QOzF>KRXNCAC>/Ha`b?;GFLO>@AC[e_UQO[INMT&?\^@LO>j?]zFN�¥\T9[IT-��[IJMDFLO> . p �9{aACNMQV? f�NML%QOzF>jACDFLV^@QO[INMT�AC> �LO[InP>@A f�LONMR AF^@QV^B^@T&AX?]QV^@LV?�f�NML;QOzF>W_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&AC[ITFJ3ACDFLV^@QO[INMTXGFLO>@AC[e_UQO>@A7{5Z"ZPD&^@QO[INMTXLO> f ¥\_U>/>x� > , �¥\[IQOz7QOzF>W>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@HFRXNCAC>/H �VpCx;zF>jAXnM^@HIDF>K[e?"G&NP?][IQO[InP>PYF^M?%^B_UNMT&?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>WQOzF>K?]NM[IHy[IT&_ULO>@^M?]>WQOzF>ACDFLV^@QO[INMT-N f QOzF>j?]QOLONMTFJXJMLONMDFT&A7RXNMQO[INMTyp
�G� � �������K �� ! �����n���q )�������� ! ��������� ����� + �����k"HINP?]>-QON�QOzF>-?]NMDFLV_U>PY"QOzF>/LO>7[e?3^9He^@LOJM>9AC[e?O_ULO>/G&^@T&_Uo S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T QOzF>7>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H;RXNCAC>/H\^@T&A
QOzF>BAF^@QV^3R7^@[ITFHIoX^M?O_ULO[IS&>@A7QON3QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ%JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoX^@T&A-QOzF>jLODFGFQODFLO>BAC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]oB> vu>@_UQV?G¥\zF[e_Vz
� � ��� ��� ���� ! �9���n�������� ����������� #�! ����� ����%��������=�(�������M�������������� � � �
0
10
20
30
40
Sig
nific
ant d
urat
ion,
s
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120Distance, km
3.00 3.75 4.50 5.25 6.00 6.75 7.50Magnitude
272 measurements
Regression: Duration = e (-1.04 + 0.44 x Magnitude + 0.19 * ln(Distance) + 0.04 x Soil)
Duration deduced from dataDuration computed using the regression
Data set: California+Italy (0.5-10Hz) (5-95%)
egf9hC. . p � / vOACB(79DK7��@46H�A=8 <�>@H z|8�DO1�35DE8�:6� ¢ DE8�F�:'<Lo$8635798�: �MF�DE4635798�:�W ?�>CHI79:�>E; �@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'<M35839?�>O��DE4KB'?'7��LD@>5B(D@>E; >K:�354635798�:�8 z�39?�>M>KACB(79DK7��@46H(D@>@HI4635798�:�;@?'7 BqQ5<�F�DE4635798�: � >KDE;�F6;M<�7I;K354�: �K> U �@8�DKD@>E;KtB'8�:'<�79:6��358=39?�>LA=4���:'7�35F�<�>M8 z039?�>LA=79<�<�H�>M8 z039?�> �@86HI8�F�DGm@4�D��KHI4 ;@; >E; W ?�>G<�8639; �@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'< ;C35839?�>L<�F�DE4635798�:%<�>KDK7�� >E< z|DE8�A <�46354�W ?�>C;K354�DE; �@8�DKD@>E;SB'8�:'< ;C358=39?�>L<�F�DE4635798�: �@8�ACB(F�3S>E<�F6;�79:6��39?�>>KACB(79DK7��@46H�A=8 <�>@HgQ9vOp�F�4635798�:_T�W9R U 4�:'<%A=4���:'7�35F�<�>M4�:'<%<�7I;K354�: �K>M8 z�39?�>M<�46354$Q 4�mKH�>MT�W9R UXW
� ��� �M! � ! + ���� ��� ! �����q��������=�(�������M��������������
*�+-,�. . pb� / o$8 <�>@H6B'4�DE4�A�>@3S>KDE;G8 z039?�>L>KACB(79DK7��@46H(A=8 <�>@H-Q9vOp�F�4635798�:�T�W9R U <�>KDK7�� >E< z|DE8�A~39?�> � ���@3546HI794�:_4�:'<_j�46HI7 z|8�DK:'794�:�4����K>@H�>KDE8@��DE4�AL;/¤�4�:'<�;K354�:'<�4�DE<�<�>���794635798�:_8 z�39?�>MD@>@HI4635798�:�;@?'7 B�W
�FLO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo3S&^@T&A ^ S _ A ��Cp | � , �3� � � , pb�@� �Cp �M� �Cp ,�. �Cpb�@� �Cp ��]
^@LO>3TFNMQjQV^��P>/T�[ITCQON-^M_/_UNMDFTCQK[IT�QOzF>3>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@HyLO>/He^@QO[INMT&?]zF[IGypyx;zF>X?]QV^@T&AF^@LVA AC>/nC[e^@QO[INMT�N f QOzF>LO>/JMLO>@?O?][INMT�{ He^M?]Q-_UNMHIDFRXT�[ITx�^@SFHI> . pb�P�3[e?XN f�QOzF>9NMLVAC>/L7N f�QOzF>9[IT � DF>/T&_U>9N f�NMTF>�NMLVAC>/L7[ITR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>WNMT7QOzF>KGFLO>@AC[e_UQO>@AXACDFLV^@QO[INMTyp&x;zF>j?]QV^@T&AF^@LVA-AC>/nC[e^@QO[INMT7NMT7QOzF>jACDFLV^@QO[INMT-_UNMRXGFDFQO>@Af�NML%QOzF>j�P�@�XAF^@QV^3[e?;>@ZPD&^@HyQON | p �X?Up�x;zF[e?\?O_/^@QOQO>/L%[e?\ACDF>jQON3QOzF>j?][IRXGFHI[e_U[IQ]ojN f QOzF>KRXNCAC>/HyD&?]>@A¥\zF[e_Vz9NMTFHIo-QV^��P>B[ITCQON7^M_/_UNMDFTCQWR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>PY�^@T&A9?][IQO>3AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>3^@T&A�_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMT&?Upy�%>/nP>/LOQOzF>/HI>@?O?QOzF[e?;LO>/He^@QO[INMT&?]zF[IG7GFLO>@AC[e_UQ\^@T9^/nP>/LV^@JM>KnM^@HIDF>KN f QOzF>K>/ECG&>@_UQO>@AXACDFLV^@QO[INMT9ACDF>KQONX^@T7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>f�NML,¥\zF[e_VzP¥;>@�CTFN�¥QOzF>KR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>j^@T&A-QOzF>j?][IQO>BAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>j^@T&A9_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMT&? � ^@T&A-QOzCD&?%_/^@T-S&>D&?]>@A7^M?%^@T->/HI>/RX>/TCQ�N f QOzF>j?]>/[e?]RX[e_\z&^ � ^@LVA-^M?O?]>@?O?]RX>/TCQ/p
��� ����� � ����� �� ������� �
¦�>3z&^/nP>BGFLO>@?]>/TCQO>@A-QOzF>3GFLO>/HI[IRX[IT&^@LOoXLO>@?]DFHIQV?%N f ^@T�>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H�ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@HyRXNCAC>/HS&^M?]>@ABNMT3^WRX[IEC>@Ajk;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^@T3^@T&A�\aQV^@HI[e^@T3?]QOLONMTFJKRXNMQO[INMTBAF^@QV^@S&^M?]>PpCx;zF[e?�>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@HMLO>/He^@QO[INMT �?]zF[IG�_/^@T�S&>BD&?]>@A-QON7GFLO>@AC[e_UQ%QOzF>3^/nP>/LV^@JM>BJMLONMDFT&A�?]z&^��C[ITFJ-ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�ACDF>BQON7^@T�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PYJM[InC[ITFJBQOzF>WR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>K^@T&A7QOzF>j?][IQO>KAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>j^@T&A7_UNMT&AC[IQO[INMT&?Up&x;zF>:�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_;N f QOzF>KLODFGFQODFLO>z&^/nP>\TFNMQ;S&>/>/T3QV^��P>/T3[ITCQONj^M_/_UNMDFTCQ"[IT&AC>/>@AjQOzF>WACDFLV^@QO[INMT7_/^@T3nM^@LOoX?]QOLONMTFJMHIo3AC>/G&>/T&AC[ITFJKNMTXQOzF>LODFGFQODFLO>3AC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]oX>@?]G&>@_U[e^@HIHIo-_UHINP?]>jQON7QOzF>3?]NMDFLV_U>Ppy�%>/nP>/LOQOzF>/HI>@?O?UYFNMDFLKLO>/He^@QO[INMT&?]zF[IG9GFLO>@AC[e_UQV?^@TX^/nP>/LV^@JM>;nM^@HIDF>\N f QOzF>\>/ECG&>@_UQO>@AjACDFLV^@QO[INMTXACDF>\QONK^@T3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>\^@T&A3_/^@T3S&>\D&?]>@AB^M?"^@T3>/HI> �RX>/TCQ"N f QOzF>K?]>/[e?]RX[e_\z&^ � ^@LVA7^M?O?]>@?O?]RX>/TCQ/pFk"HINP?]>KQONBQOzF>j?]NMDFLV_U>WNMTFHIo7^jJMNPNCAU�CTFN�¥\HI>@ACJM>WN f QOzF>fh^@DFHIQ�JM>/NMRX>/QOLOoj^@T&A3^WAC[ILO>@_UQ�RXNCAC>/HF^@GFGFLONP^M_Vz3[e?�> � _U[I>/TCQyQONKQV^��P>\[ITCQONK^M_/_UNMDFTCQ�QOzF>%AC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]o^@T&A7[IT9?]NMRX>j_/^M?]>@?\QOzF>KTFNMT-HI[ITF>@^@L\> vu>@_UQV?UY&^M?W?]zFN�¥\T-SCoU ;>/LOJM> � x;zF[I>/LOLOo >@3C46H�W { ,�./. ]P� f�NML%QOzF>,�./.M| �WNMS&>K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>Pp�\aQ;[e?\^@He?]NB[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ"QONBTFNMQO[e_U>WQOz&^@Q f�NML\>@ZPD&^@H�>/TF>/LOJMoPYC?]zFNMLOQ%?]z&^��C[ITFJACDFLV^@QO[INMT9{aAC[ILO>@_UQO[InP>\?][IQO>@?V�yGFLO>@?]>/TCQ;^WJMLO>@^@QO>/L;z&^ � ^@LVA3QOz&^@T3HINMTFJjJMLONMDFT&AX^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMT3ACDFLV^@QO[INMT{a^@TCQO[\AC[ILO>@_UQO[InP>X?][IQO>@?V�Vp�x;zF[e?KGFLO>/HI[IRX[IT&^@LOo-RXNCAC>/H;[e?KQON9S&>7[IRXGFLON@nP>@A�p�¦�>7?]z&^@HIH%_UNMHIHI>@_UQKRXNMLO>AF^@QV^3QON3z&^/nP>j^BRXNMLO>KzFNMRXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&?K{aAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>PYFR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>jAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT��;^@T&A-[IT7NMLVAC>/L%QONXS&>RXNMLO>W[IT9^M_/_UNMLVAF^@T&_U>:¥\[IQOz-QOzF>j�FLO>/T&_Vz-?]>/[e?]RXNMQO>@_UQONMTF[e_%_UNMTCQO>/ECQ/p¦�>B?]z&^@HIHyQO>@?]Q%QOzF>j?]>/T&?][IQO[InC[IQ]oN fwQOzF>3LO>@?]DFHIQV?KD&?][ITFJ�AC[tvu>/LO>/TCQK[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�QO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>@?B{ JMHINMS&^@H;[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTyY�= , TFNMLOR�RX[ITF[IR3[e?O^��QO[INMT-[IT&?]QO>@^MAXN f QOzF>B_UHe^M?O?][e_/^@HyHI>@^M?]Q%?OZPD&^@LO>@?\NMTF>M�Vp%¦�>B^@He?]N3GFHe^@T-QON3D&?]>j^BQ#¥;NX?]QO>/G-LO>/JMLO>@?O?][INMT{ } N@oCTF>/Lj>/Q@ ;NPNMLO>PY ,�. ] , � �FD%�CD&?]zF[IR7^X>/QBx�^@T&^��M^CY ,�./. �P�K[IT�NMLVAC>/LjQON9^/nPNM[eA�QOzF>7AC>/G&>/T&AC>/T&_U>S&>/Q#¥;>/>/TXQOzF>KR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>j^@T&AXQOzF>jAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>Pp
� � ��� +�# ��������� � ��
� +�� ����� # ����&(������� �¦�>"G&^@LOQO[e_UDFHe^@LOHIo%QOz&^@T%�K�FLFc>@A;c>/LO[e_�d-NM[ITF>/Q�^@T&A } >@^@T ��k"zFLO[e?]QONMGFzF>CaW^@LO[I>/H f�NMLyQOzF>;_UNMT&?]QOLOD&_UQO[INMTN f QOzF>KRX[IEC>@AXk;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^@T9^@T&A�\aQV^@HI[e^@T7AF^@QV^@S&^M?]>Pp
�7, � �!5319:��@8�|�</531lW_UQODF>/HIHI>/RX>UTCQ�He^j_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMT7AC>@?"RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQV?�?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?\i^KGFLO>/T&ACLO>W>/T7_UNMRXGFQO>PYMG&NMDFL
HI>@?�[IT&?]QV^@HIHe^@QO[INMT&?;i^\LO[e?OZPDF>PY/LO>/G&NP?]>\?]DFL�AC>@?yHINM[e?yA�`b^@QOQFc>/TCD&^@QO[INMTypPk">@?yHINM[e?�>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?&?]NMTCQ�A;c> s TF[I>@?i^jG&^@LOQO[IL%AC>WS&^M?]>@?%AC>KACNMTFT\c>/>@?\A�`b^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[I>PpP�%DFQOLO>WHI>K?]G&>@_UQOLO>jAC>WLFc>/G&NMT&?]>PYFHI>@?"[ITFJ�c>/TF[I>/DFLV?NMTCQ\S&>@?]NM[IT9AC>KHe^BACDFLFc>/>jACD7RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQ"?][e?]RX[eZPDF>%G&NMDFL%QO>@?]QO>/L\HI>@?\?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>@?Up=&>@?;RXNCA;c>/HI[e?O^@QO[INMT&?"GFDFLO>/RX>/TCQ"TCDFRmc>/LO[eZPDF>@?\{ &>/TFJ >@3O46H�W Y ,�./. � � �%>/LOLO>/LONj>/QG ;>/LOT&^@LVA�Y ,�./. � �
;>/LOJM> � x;zF[I>/LOLOoPY ,�./. �M�7NMD i^ Ha`b^@[eAC>�AC> f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?-AC>qa%LO>/>/TyZ�RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?7{� ;NMDFL/Y ,�./. � � =�^��_VzF>/Q/Y ,�./. �P�B?]NMTCQXAC>@?j^@HIQO>/LOT&^@QO[InP>@?Xi^9_U>@?KHINM[e?BA�`b^@QOQFc>/TCD&^@QO[INMTyp"k">@?jRmc>/QOzFNCAC>@?WG&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQjAC>GFLONCACDF[ILO>%DFTF>%?][IR3DFHe^@QO[INMTBACD3RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQy?][e?]RX[eZPDF>\?]D&?O_U>/GFQO[ISFHI>\A�`eq>/QOLO>\>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>%AF^@T&?"Ha`Oc>/nP>/T �QOD&^@HI[IQFc>KA�` DFT f�NMLOQW?Cc>/[e?]RX>Pp
� ��� +�# ���������q& ���� ���� !'# � � � �
� �����$"��������� ' ���� ��� !$��
=&>%HI>@_UQO>/DFL�G&NMDFLOLV^j?]>%LO>/G&NMLOQO>/L;^@DFE3AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQV?�_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>@?�G&NMDFL;HI[ILO>;HI>@?"_UNMT&_UHID&?][INMT&?�LO>/He^@QO[InP>@?i^3_Vz&^M_UDFTF>KAC>@?Xc>/QOD&AC>@?Up
� �~:|�8�� �~ 6U~:| �94;<@19:%< ��{B8P��4��~:|�8 �U22{K2M|�%NMD&?3^/nPNMT&?3A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG\c>7>/Q3DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>7AC>@?BRmc>/QOzFNCAC>@?jG&>/LORX>/QOQV^@TCQ3AC>9_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]>/LBHe^�?]NMDFLV_U>
?][e?]RX[eZPDF>�>/Q�A�` [IR7^@JM>/L�He^\LODFGFQODFLO>\?]DFL�He^ fh^@[IHIHI>%i^%Ha`b^@[eAC>"AC>\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?�AC>\_Vz&^@RXGWGFLONC_VzF>W{ [ITCQO>/T&?][IQFc>@?R7^M_ULONP?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?UYMRX>@?]DFLO>@?"J�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@?;>/Q%ACNMTFT\c>/>@?\AC>KRXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQ f�NMLOQU�Vp
� �������� �� ��� ���� ������ ����� � �� � ��� ��� ��� �� ���������������%NMD&?B^/nPNMT&?KDFQO[IHI[e?Cc>XAC>@?K[ITCQO>/T&?][IQFc>@?WR7^M_ULONP?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?UYFLO>@_UDF>/[IHIHI[I>@?%HINMLV?jAC>7?Cc>/[e?]RX>@? f�LV^@T �_/^@[e?
LFc>@_U>/TCQV?;>/Q7c>/JP^@HI>/RX>/TCQ;>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>@?;G&^@LWAC>@?\[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQV?;?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[eZPDF>@?UYCG&NMDFLWnM^@HI[eAC>/L%AC>@?\Rmc> �QOzFNCAC>@?jR7^M_ULONP?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?K{a_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>X�P�Vp"=&>@?KR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>@?W>/QjHI>@?WGFLON f�NMT&AC>/DFLV?BZPDF>XTFNMD&?B^/nPNMT&?QOLONMDFn;c>/>@?\^/nP>@_\HI>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?;R7^M_ULONP?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?�?]NMTCQ\>/T-^M_/_UNMLVA7^/nP>@_%HI>@?">@?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMT&?"[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/T �QV^@HI>@?Up&�%NMD&?%^/nPNMT&?\DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>WDFTF>j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTX>/T-JMLO[IHIHI>WTFNMD&?\G&>/LORX>/QOQV^@TCQ%A�` >@?]QO[IRX>/L"Ha` >/LOLO>/DFL\?]DFL%He^A;c>/QO>/LORX[IT&^@QO[INMTXAC>@?\G&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>@?Upk">@?�Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>@?�R7^M_ULONP?][e?]RX[eZPDF>/?�?]NMTCQ"HI>@?"?]>/DFHe?�NMDFQO[IHe?�ZPDF[&TFNMD&?"G&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ�AC>W_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]>/L
HI>@?\?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�zF[e?]QONMLO[eZPDF>@?Up
�! ������ ����� ��������� ��� ������ �� �� ���� � ���� ������ ��� � ��� � � ������� ���r�NMDFL[IR7^@JM>/L�He^!AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�ACD�JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ�>/QA;c>/QO>/LORX[ITF>/L�?]>@?mnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?�?]G&^@QO[IN �
QO>/RXG&NMLO>/HIHI>@?K?]DFLBHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>PYyTFNMD&?3^/nPNMT&?jDFQO[IHI[e?Cc>7AC>@?jRX>@?]DFLO>@?KJ�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@?j>/Q3AC>@?BACNMTFT\c>/>@?3AC>RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ f�NMLOQ/p�%DF[IQ9?]QV^@QO[INMT&?�AC>�RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQ�f�NMLOQ9TFNMD&?9NMTCQ9G&>/LORX[e?7A�` [IR7^@JM>/L7HI>@?7nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?�?]G&^@QO[IN �
QO>/RXG&NMLO>/HIHI>@?�ACDXJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ�?]DFL;HI>%GFHe^@T7AC>wfh^@[IHIHI>\HINMLV?;ACD7?Cc>/[e?]RX>\RX>/EC[e_/^@[IT3AC>K�W^@EF^M_/^j>/T ,�././.{a_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>K�C�Vp�=&NMLV?WAC>j_U>j?Cc>/[e?]RX>PYPHe^BLODFGFQODFLO>j^3_/^M?O?Cc>BAC>/DFE7^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>@?\GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HI>@?Wi^BHa` [ITCQFc>/LO[I>/DFLAC>KHe^jGFHe^MZPDF>Bk"NC_UNP?Up
� ��� � ��� +�# ����������& ���� ���� !'# �
=�^XR7^@DFnM^@[e?]>BZPD&^@HI[IQFc>jAC>@?%>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLO>/RX>/TCQV?"TF>BTFNMD&?W^3G&^M?WG&>/LORX[e?\AC>jQOLONMDFnP>/LWDFT-RXNCA�i>/HI>_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>wsu^@SFHI>jG&NMDFLWHI>B?Cc>/[e?]RX>W[IT&AC[I>/T9AC>3k"z&^@RXNMHI[�AC> ,�././. p�=�` NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT�AC>@?WACNMTFT\c>/>@?>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>/>@?Ki^3DFTF>B?]QV^@QO[INMT-QOL/i>@?\GFLONC_VzF>jTFNMD&?W^3QONMDFQWAC>jR�q>/RX>%G&>/LORX[e?;AC>jGFLO[InC[IH/c>/JM[I>/L;Ha` zCoCG&N �QOzyi>@?]>jA�` DFTF>KLODFGFQODFLO>j?]DFL\DFTF> fh^@[IHIHI>Bi^�fh^@[ISFHI>KG&>/T&AF^@JM>X{a_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO> | �Vp�%NMD&?"^/nPNMT&?�>/T&?]DF[IQO>\LFc>@^@HI[e?Cc>\AC>@?�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?�>/T3AC>/DFE�c>/QV^@G&>@?UpC=&>@?�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?�J�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@?�?]NMTCQ
QONMDFQ3A�`b^@S&NMLVA�DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>/>@?WG&NMDFLB>@?]QO[IRX>/LWHe^-AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT ACD JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ/py=&>@?BACNMTFT\c>/>@?jAC>XRXNMD �nP>/RX>/TCQ�f�NMLOQWG&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ\>/T&?]DF[IQO>BAC>B_UNMTCQOLV^@[IT&ACLO>BHI>BA;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/RX>/TCQ"QO>/RXG&NMLO>/H�AC>jHe^3LODFGFQODFLO>AC> fh^��_UNMT9[IT&A;c>/G&>/T&AF^@TCQO>Pp��W^@T&?WHI>j_/^M?WACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>K_/^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[I>/T9AC>3=�^@T&AC>/LV?B{ ,�./. �P�VY�TFNMD&?K^/nPNMT&?c>/QFc>X_/^@G&^@SFHI>7A�` [IR7^@JM>/LWGFLFc>@_U[e?Cc>/RX>/TCQ%He^7GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMTmAC>3He^7LODFGFQODFLO>7?]DFLjHe^ fh^@[IHIHI>-{a_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>X�CY�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> �_>@3C46H�W Y ,�./. �PY��%>/LOT&^@T&AC> ��>@3G46H�W Y ,�././. �Vp2�W^@T&?WHI>B_/^M?KAC>BHe^X?Cc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>j[IQV^@HI[I>/TFTF>BAC>k"NMHts NMLO[IQON3{ ,�./. � � ,�./. ]P�"Ha`Oc>/QOD&AC>\?]>\LFc>/n�i>/HI>"GFHID&?�AC[�� _U[IHI>Wi^W_/^@D&?]>%AC>\He^%QV^@[IHIHI>;RXNCA;c>/LFc>/>\AC>@?jc>/n;c>/TF> �RX>/TCQV?"{a_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>W�PYC�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> �=>@3-46H�W YC�M�M�M�P�Vp&=�` [ITCQO>/L�f c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[�>"LV^MAF^@L">@?]Q"DFTF>WACNMTFT\c>/>\LFc>@_U>/TCQO>ZPDF>3TFNMD&?B^/nPNMT&?K[ITCQOLONCACDF[IQBAF^@T&?KHI>@?�c>/QOD&AC>@?KA�` [IR7^@JM>/LO[I>3AC>3He^-?]NMDFLV_U>Pp2�W^@T&?KHI>@?j_/^M?�c>/QOD&AC[/c>@?UYHa`b^@GFG&NMLOQWAC>KHa` [ITCQO>/L�f c>/LONMR�c>/QOLO[I>\LV^MAF^@L%>@?]Q\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ/p&k">@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?\TFNMDFnP>/HIHI>@?"TFNMD&? f�NMDFLOTF[e?O?]>/TCQAC>@?"[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?�GFLFc>@_U[I>/D&?]>@?"?]DFL;HI>@?;_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]QO[eZPDF>@?�?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?;AC>WHe^j?]NMDFLV_U>Pp�W^@T&?;HI>K_/^M?;AC>@??Cc>/[e?]RX>@?W[IQV^@HI[I>/T&?KAC>9k"NMHts NMLO[IQON9Ha` [ITCQO>/L�f c>/LONMR�c>/QOLO[I>jLV^MAF^@LBTFNMD&?3^9ACNMTFT\c>7S&>@^@D&_UNMDFG�A�` [IT f�NMLOR7^��QO[INMT&?"?]DFL"He^WHINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT3>/Q"He^%J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>\AC>@?�GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@DFE�c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?UpM=&>@?"ACNMTFT\c>/>@?gaWrg[B?]NMTCQ_UNMRXGFH/c>/RX>UTCQV^@[ILO>@?WAC>@?jACNMTFT\c>/>@?BA�` [ITCQO>/L�f c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[�>BLV^MAF^@L/p�Z�T > vu>/QjHI>@?KRX>@?]DFLO>@?MaWrg[�NMTCQB>/TJ�c>/T\c>/LV^@H;DFTF>XRX>/[IHIHI>/DFLO>jGFLFc>@_U[e?][INMT�?]>/HINMT�HI>@?j_UNMRXG&NP?O^@TCQO>@?KzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@HI>@?j^@HINMLV?BZPDF>XHa` [ITCQO>/L�f c>/LON �Rmc>/QOLO[I>%LV^MAF^@L%TFNMD&?\G&>/LORX>/Q\A�`b^M_/_�c>@AC>/L\^@D9_Vz&^@RXG7AC>jA;c> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT-AF^@T&?\Ha`b^@EC>K?]NMHt� ?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>KZPDF[AF^@T&?%HI>j_/^M?%AC>@?%?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>@?OZ b [ � , >/QGZ b [ � ��fh^@[IQ%DFT9^@TFJMHI>3AC>j�M�6YWG&^@L%LV^@GFG&NMLOQXi^BHe^3AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMTnP>/LOQO[e_/^@HI>Ppx�%>@?"[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?"J�c>/T\c>/QO[eZPDF>@?�TFNMD&?;NMTCQ\G&>/LORX[e?�AC>KQO>@?]QO>/L"Ha` DFTF[e_U[IQFc>WAC>@?;?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?\AC>WHe^AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT7ACD7JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ"?]DFL\HI>WGFHe^@T-AC>wfh^@[IHIHI>WAC>@?\?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?"AC>j=�^@T&AC>/LV?\>/Q\AC>K_U>/DFEXA�`^\aQV^@HI[I>Pp=&>@?KLFc>@?]DFHIQV^@QV?KAC>X_U>@?W[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?%[IT&AC[eZPDF>/TCQKZPDF>3He^7AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�ACD�JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ/YFNMSFQO>/TCDF>3G&^@L[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXAC>@?;ACNMTFT\c>/>@?"J�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@?">@?]Q;RX[I>/DFEB_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>%>/T7?]DFL�fh^M_U>KZPDy` >/T3GFLON f�NMT&AC>/DFL/p�k">@_U[>@?]Q;A�qD-^@D�fh^@[IQ;ZPDF>%HI>@?"ACNMTFT\c>/>@?"?]NMTCQ\AC>@?�RX>@?]DFLO>@?�AC>WA;c> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?�?]DFG&>/L�su_U[I>/HIHI>@?�ZPDF[�?]NMTCQ"G&^@LT&^@QODFLO>jGFHID&?\?]>/T&?][ISFHI>@?;^@DFE-?]NMDFLV_U>@?;GFLONC_VzF>@?%ACNMT&_WG&>/D-GFLON f�NMT&AC>@?Up
� �������� �� ��� ���� ������ ����� ��� � �� ���� ��� ��� �������
r�NMDFL\^M_/_�c>@AC>/L;^@DFEXA;c>/QV^@[IHe?"ACD3GFLONC_U>@?O?]D&?\AC>%LODFGFQODFLO>W[IH fh^@DFQ;HINC_/^@HI[e?]>/L"HI>@?�LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?"z&^@DFQO>@?f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?">/Q\HI>@?;_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?]>/L/p'c%TF>K?][IRXGFHI>%NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT9AF^@T&?\Ha` >@?]G&^M_U>WQO>/RXG&? � f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?"AC>@??][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>j^M_/ZPDF[e?Bi^7He^X?]QV^@QO[INMT AC> } NP?]zCD&^-xyLO>/>3HINMLV?KACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>BAC>X=�^@T&AC>/LV?KRXNMTCQOLO>BZPDF>S&^M?O?]>@?�>/Q�z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?y?]NMTCQ�A;c>@_UNMDFGFH/c>/>@?"{a_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO>g]P�VpP=�^%_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?O^@QO[INMTBACDBRXNMDFnP>/R3>/TCQ?][e?]RX[eZPDF>%?]DFL;DFTF>%He^@LOJM>WS&^@T&AC>KAC>wf�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?;{a?]G&>@_UQOLO>@?;AC>WLFc>/G&NMT&?]>@?UYFACDFLFc>/>jpIpIp���>@?]Q"DFQO[IHI>%G&NMDFLHI>@?�[ITFJ�c>/TF[I>/DFLV?Upx�W^@T&?;_U>/QOQO>\QOzyi>@?]>PYMTFNMD&?;^/nPNMT&?;A;c>/LO[In;c>;DFTF>%QO>/HIHI>\HINM[&>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>"LO>/HI[e^@TCQ�He^KACDFLFc>/>PYHe^XR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>j>/QWHe^7AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>3?]NMDFLV_U> � ?][IQO>Ppy�%NMD&?%RXNMTCQOLONMT&?WZPDF>3_U>/QOQO>BHINM[�Ty` >@?]QWG&^M?WnM^@He^@SFHI>-i^_UNMDFLOQO>BAC[e?]QV^@T&_U>Pp�r�L/i>@?WAC>jHe^X?]NMDFLV_U>PY&[IH fh^@DFQWDFQO[IHI[e?]>/L%AC>@?%RXNCA�i>/HI>@?\ZPDF[�QO[I>/TFTF>/TCQ%_UNMRXGFQO>jAC>BHe^
� ��� +�# ���������q& ���� ���� !'# � � � �
GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT�AC>KHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>j?]DFL%He^ fh^@[IHIHI>W>/Q%AC>j?O^3_UNMRXGFHI>/EC[IQFc>K{a_Vz&^@GF[IQOLO> . �Vp
� | ��~K:;2M|�� �~%2 �-576-5 �/5 3<��78U~:|� ��� ���� ���������� � ���� ������ �� �� ����� ��� �� ���� ���������� � � ��� ��� ��������������
Z�T7J�c>/T\c>/LV^@HaYPHI>@?"J�c>/NCA;c>@?][I>/T&?">/Q;HI>@?;?][e?]RXNMHINMJMDF>@? f�NMTCQ\AC>@?3c>/QOD&AC>@?;?Cc>/G&^@LFc>/>@?;AC>@?\?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�^/nP>@_HI>@?�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?�GFLON@nP>/T&^@TCQ"AC>\HI>/DFL"AC[e?O_U[IGFHI[ITF>Pp/r�^@L;^@[IHIHI>/DFL/Y@HI>@?yLV^@LO>@?Bc>/QOD&AC>@?UY@DFQO[IHI[e?O^@TCQ"AC[InP>/LV?yQ]oCG&>@?AC>7ACNMTFT\c>/>@?UY�Rmc>/He^@TFJM>/TCQKQONMDFQO>@?jHI>@?K[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?jZPDy` >/HIHI>@?W_UNMTCQO[I>/TFTF>/TCQjG&NMDFLBHI>@?K[ITCQO>/LOGFLFc>/QO>/L?][IR3DFHIQV^@T\c>/R3>/TCQ/p
�W^@T&?-_U>/QOQO>-QOzyi>@?]>�DFTF>�^@GFGFLONC_VzF>�AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>9>@?]Q7^MACNMGFQFc>/>PY\>/HIHI>->@?]Q7_UNMz\c>/LO>/TCQO>9>/Q7_UNMDFGFHI>QONMD&?3HI>@?BQ]oCG&>@?3AC>9ACNMTFT\c>/>@?XAC>9_Vz&^@RXG GFLONC_VzF>Pp\k">/QOQO>-Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>7>@?]QX[ITFTFN@nM^@TCQO>9_/^@L3>/HIHI>7>@?]Q>/T9AC>/DFEmc>/QV^@G&>@?%>/Q\DFQO[IHI[e?]>jAC>@?%ACNMTFT\c>/>@?%A�` [ITCQO>/L�f c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[I>\LV^MAF^@LB{S[Cl b �Vp�=&>@?WACNMTFT\c>/>@?\J�c>/NCA;c> �?][eZPDF>@?W{S[Cl b Y(aWrg[F�\?]NMTCQ%QONMDFQWA�`b^@S&NMLVA7DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>/>@?;G&NMDFLW_UNMTCQOLV^@[IT&ACLO>KHI>@?;G&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>@?\?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?G&>/LORX>/QOQV^@TCQ%AC>3A;c>@_ULO[ILO>KHe^X?]NMDFLV_U>7{ G&NP?][IQO[INMTyY�J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>W>/QKAC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT9ACD9JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ%?]DFLWHe^fh^@[IHIHI>M�Vp�=&>@?jACNMTFT\c>/>@?jAC>3RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQ f�NMLOQjTFNMD&?jG&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ%>/T&?]DF[IQO>XA�`b^M_/_�c>@AC>/L3i^-He^7AC>@?O_ULO[IG �QO[INMT7QO>/RXG&NMLO>/HIHI>WAC>KHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>K>/Q%A�` NMS&?]>/LOnP>/L;He^BLODFGFQODFLO>j?]> fh^@D s He^@TCQ\>/TCQOLO>KHI>@?"S&^@LOLO[ai>/LO>@?Up�k">@?G&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>@?�QO>/RXG&NMLO>/He?Bc>/QV^@TCQ\>@?]QO[IRmc>@?�[IT&A;c>/G&>/T&AC>/RXRX>UTCQ"AC>WHa`b^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>\ACD7JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ/YP_U>/QOQO>^@GFGFLONC_VzF>-TFNMD&?3G&>/LORX>/QBA�`b^M_/_�c>@AC>/L3^@DFE nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?3AC>-He^9nC[IQO>@?O?]>-ACD f�LONMTCQ3AC>-LODFGFQODFLO>9?O^@T&?AC>BQOLONMG f�NMLOQO>@?K_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>@?%^XGFLO[INMLO[ap�r�NMDFLKAC>@?WLV^@[e?]NMT&?KAC>3_UNMz\c>/LO>/T&_U>PYFHI>@?%LFc>/G&NMT&?]>@?K?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?{ G&NMDFL;HI>@?"ACNMTFT\c>/>@?�J�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@?V��>/Q;ACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>@?"{ G&NMDFL;HI>@?"ACNMTFT\c>/>@?"AC>%RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQ f�NMLOQU��?]NMTCQ_/^@He_UDFH/c>/>@?">/T7DFQO[IHI[e?O^@TCQ;He^jR�q>/RX> f�NMLOR3DFHe^@QO[INMTX>/Q\HI>WR�q>/RX>\RX[IHI[I>/Dypr�NMDFL;[IR7^@JM>/L"He^WLODFGFQODFLO>3i^KHa`b^@[eAC>WAC>@?;ACNMTFT\c>/>@?;AC>WRXNMDFnP>/R3>/TCQ f�NMLOQ;TFNMD&?;^/nPNMT&?"DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>%DFTF>
Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>\A�` [ITCnP>/LV?][INMTjAF^@T&?�HI>%ACNMR7^@[ITF>\AC>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?"{]k"NMQOQONMTyY ,�./.M| �VpF=&>@?�S&^M?O?]>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@??]NMTCQWLFc>@?]NMHIDF>@?%[IT&A;c>/G&>/T&AF^@RXRX>/TCQ\AC>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?\GFHID&?-c>/HI>/n;c>/>@?Up�=�^XHI[IRX[IQO>WS&^M?O?]>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>BAC>Ha` [ITCnP>/LV?][INMT7A;c>/G&>/T&A9AC>@?%ACNMTFT\c>/>@?UY&[IH�>@?]Q%[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQWAC>jTFNMQO>/LKZPDF>KHI>@?\[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQV?\AC>jRXNMDFnP> �RX>/TCQ f�NMLOQ�LFc>@_U>/TCQV?�?]NMTCQ"AC>;GFHID&?�>/TBGFHID&?�He^@LOJM>;S&^@T&AC>%>/Q�nPNMTCQ�G&>/LORX>/QOQOLO>;AC> fh^@[ILO>\AC>@?�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?��D&?OZPDy`ei^%He^ f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U> � c>/LONKZPDF[&_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&A-i^%He^KA;c> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTB?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>\RX>@?]DFLFc>/>"G&^@L"He^%J�c>/NCA;c>@?][I>{a_M` >@?]Q\HI>B_/^M?%AC>jTFNMQOLO> c>/QOD&AC>j^@D�d->/EC[eZPDF>M�Vp&=�^3HI[IRX[IQO>%z&^@DFQO>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>W>@?]QKACDF>7i^BHa`b^@GFGFLONC_VzF>A;c>/QO>/LORX[ITF[e?]QO>%_VzFNM[e?][I>KZPDF[yTF>KG&>/LORX>/Q;G&^M?%A�`Oc>/QOD&AC[I>/L;He^B?]NMDFLV_U>j^@D9AC>/H]i^BAC> , ~! 3>/TCnC[ILONMTypFr�NMDFLc>/QOD&AC[I>/L�HI>@?�LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?�z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?UY/[IH�fh^@DFQ;^MACNMGFQO>/L�DFTF>%^@GFGFLONC_VzF>W?]QONC_Vz&^M?]QO[eZPDF>\>/Q�QO>/TF[IL_UNMRXGFQO>KAC>KHe^BAC[tvuD&?][INMT9AF^@T&?\HI>WRX[IHI[I>/D7{a_UNCAF^P�Vp� � � ���� ����� �� ��� ��� ���������� �� � ��� ����������� �� �� ��� ��� ���� � ���������
xyLONMDFnP>/LWDFTF>3?]NMHIDFQO[INMT�i^3DFT9GFLONMSFHai>/RX>K>/T�?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[I>PYFTy` >@?]QWG&^M?WDFTF> s T�>/T9?]NM[ap�Z�T9> vu>/Q/Y[IH�>@?]QW?]NMDFnP>/TCQ%^M?O?]> � fh^M_U[IHI>KAC>jQOLONMDFnP>/L\DFT7RXNCA�i>/HI>KACNMTFT&^@TCQ%DFT-S&NMT9^M_/_UNMLVA-^@DFE7ACNMTFT\c>/>@?Upy�%TG&>/DFQ\G&^@L%>/EC>/RXGFHI>\[ITCQOLONCACDF[ILO>WDFT7TFNMR3SFLO>WQOL/i>@?"[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\AC>KG&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>@?"G&NMDFLW^@DFJMRX>/TCQO>/L"HI>
�� � � ��� +�# ����������& ���� ���� !'# �
TFNMR3SFLO>WAC>WAC>/JMLFc>@?;AC>WHI[IS&>/LOQFc>WACDXGFLONMSFHai>/RX>PpPd9^@HIzF>/DFLO>/D&?]>/RX>/TCQ/Y@>/T3GFLONC_�c>@AF^@TCQ%AC>WHe^j?]NMLOQO>PYPHI>@?ACNMTFT\c>/>@?jTF>7?]NMTCQjGFHID&?K>/T�TFNMR3SFLO>X?]D � ?O^@TCQBG&NMDFLBLFc>@?]NMD&ACLO>PY�AC> fh^��_UNMT su^@SFHI>PY�HI>3RXNCA�i>/HI>Pp�=&>GFLONMSFHai>/RX>%>@?]QW^@HINMLV?\?]NMD&? � A;c>/QO>/LORX[IT\c>W>/Q\He^B?]NMHIDFQO[INMT-TFNMT �hDFTF[eZPDF>Pp�%NMD&?;^/nPNMT&?UYF^@D7_UNMDFLV?;AC>W_U>/QOQO>-c>/QOD&AC>%DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>\DFTF>WG&^@LV^@Rmc>/QOLO[e?O^@QO[INMT3G&>/LORX>/QOQV^@TCQ"AC>WA;c>@_ULO[ILO>
He^3LODFGFQODFLO>B^/nP>@_KDFT-TFNMR3SFLO>jLFc>@ACDF[IQWAC>jG&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>@?\G&^@LK?]NMD&? � fh^@[IHIHI>j>/Q%DFT9TFNMR3SFLO>KQONMQV^@H"A�` [IT �_UNMTFTCDF>@?;>/T7LO>/He^@QO[INMT-^/nP>@_%HI>WTFNMR3SFLO>KAC>jACNMTFT\c>/>@?;>/Q\He^jLO>@ACNMT&AF^@T&_U>BAC>KHa` [IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTXZPDy` >/HIHI>@?_UNMTCQO[I>/TFTF>/TCQ/py�%NMD&?j^/nPNMT&?jDFQO[IHI[e?Cc>3AC>@?KRmc>/QOzFNCAC>@?KA�` [ITCnP>/LV?][INMT9G&>/LORX>/QOQV^@TCQjAC>XQO>@?]QO>/LKHa` DFTF[e_U[IQFc>AC>BHe^3?]NMHIDFQO[INMT {�fh^@RX[IHIHI>@?;AC>BRXNCA�i>/HI>@?V�">/QKA�` >@?]QO[IRX>/L;Ha` >/LOLO>/DFL%?]DFLWHI>@?\G&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>@?\[ITCnP>/LV?Cc>@?W{ LFc> �?]NMHIDFQO[INMTyY%c>@_/^@LOQ��hQ]oCG&>@?V�VpF�%NMD&?%^/nPNMT&?7c>/JP^@HI>/RX>/TCQ"LO>/GFLFc>@?]>/TCQFc>PYCHa`b^M_/_UNMLVAX>/TCQOLO>KHI>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?\>/Q\HI>@??]oCTCQOz\c>/QO[eZPDF>@?"_/^@He_UDFH/c>@?"^/nP>@_;HI>@?"RXNCA�i>/HI>@?�GFLONMG&NP?Cc>@?UYFG&^@L%AC>@?"JMLV^@GFzF[eZPDF>@?">/Q;AC>@?;_/^@He_UDFHe?"AC>WLFc>@?][t�ACD&?Up&k">@?"QO>@?]QV?;?]NMTCQ\[IT&AC[e?]G&>/T&?O^@SFHI>@?�G&NMDFL\G&NMDFnPNM[IL7c>/nM^@HIDF>/L;_U>WZPDF[�nC[I>/TCQ"AC>@?;ACNMTFT\c>/>@?">/Q\_U>WZPDF[Ty` >@?]Q\G&^M?%_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQ/p
� ��� ���� �������� ����� ���� � ���������� �� ��
=�` [ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXA;c>/nP>/HINMGFG\c>/>\>@?]Q\?]NMDFGFHI>WA�` DFQO[IHI[e?O^@QO[INMTyp'[P>/HINMT3He^jZPD&^@TCQO[IQFc>%>/Q;He^KZPD&^@HI[IQFc>WAC>@?;ACNMT �T\c>/>@?\AC[e?]G&NMTF[ISFHI>@?\Ha` [IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT3nM^BnP>/TF[IL%AC>KHe^jJ�c>/NCA;c>@?][I>X{]k"NMHts NMLO[IQONFY(\aQV^@HI[I>M�VYCAC>jHe^B?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[I>{]�W^@EF^M_/^CY�d->/EC[eZPDF>M�;NMD�i^7He^ f�NM[e?jAC>@?KACNMTFT\c>/>@?j?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?W>/QjACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>@?j{]=�^@T&AC>/LV?UY"k;^@HI[tf�NML��TF[I>M�Vp��%NMQOLO>7^@GFGFLONC_VzF>7Ty` >@?]QBG&^M?B?]oF?]QFc>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>PYy[IH fh^@DFQ3QONMDFQ3A�`b^@S&NMLVA�^@T&^@HIoF?]>/LjHI>@?B?][IJMT&^@DFE�p=&NMLV?OZPDF>BHI>/DFLWZPD&^@HI[IQFc>jTF>jG&>/LORX>/QOQO>/TCQ;G&^M?WDFTF>j[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�{]k"z&^@RXNMHI[aY�\aT&AC>M�VY&Ha` >/EF^@RX>/T7^@QOQO>/TCQO[tfAC>@?KACNMTFT\c>/>@?KG&>/DFQBACNMTFTF>/LjAC>@?K[IT&AC[e_/^@QO[INMT&?Up�=�i^-N�iD�AC>3S&NMT&?KLFc>@?]>@^@DFE9NMTCQ�c>/QFc>3[IT&?]QV^@HIH/c>@?%>/QKN�iDHI>@?�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?"?]NMTCQ"LV^@GF[eAC>/RXRX>/TCQ�LFc>@_UDFG\c>/LV^@SFHI>@?UY@TFNMD&?;?]NMRXRX>@?y_/^@G&^@SFHI>@?"A�` NMSFQO>/TF[IL"AC>@?�LFc>@?]DFHIQV^@QV?su^@SFHI>@?BAF^@T&?jHI>XNMD HI>@?jZPDF>/HeZPDF>@?WRXNM[e?KZPDF[\?]DF[InP>/TCQKHI>7?Cc>/[e?]RX>PYy_UNMRXRX>B_U> f�DFQBHI>X_/^M?jG&NMDFL3HI>?Cc>/[e?]RX>WAC>j�W^@EF^M_/^Cp&l%nP>@_\HI>KA;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/RX>/TCQ"AC>@?;LFc>@?]>@^@DFEX^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[eZPDF>@?UYMAC>KGFHID&?">/T7GFHID&?A�` [ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?%nPNMTCQKG&NMDFnPNM[IL7q>/QOLO>3LFc>@^@HI[e?Cc>/>@?Up-[C^@T&?jACNMTFT\c>/>@?K[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQV^@HI>@?UY&He^7R7^M_ULONP?][e?]RX[e_U[�QFc>ACNMTFTF>9QONMDFQ7AC>9R�q>/RX>XZPDF>/HeZPDF>@?B[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?3?][%NMTmDFQO[IHI[e?]>-HI>@?BR�q>/RX>@?KGFLO[IT&_U[IG&>@?BG&NMDFLXHI>@?[ITCQO>/LOGFLFc>/QO>/LW{a^@T&^@HIoF?]>jAC>KLFc>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT7>/Q\QO>@?]Q%A�` DFTF[e_U[IQFc>M�Vp
� �~:|�8 �U22{K2M|�4M~ ��{K2"< �| �{ ��{*:\53191U{B<�|2|T{B19:G~�6U~:| |U�~K<�|2��~:|
� � � � �� � ���� ��� ��� ��������� � � ����� ������������ � ����� � � � �� ��������� ��������
=�^�_UNMTFT&^@[e?O?O^@T&_U>9AC>XHe^-J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[I>XAC>7He^gfh^@[IHIHI>X>/QBAC>7He^9AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�ACD JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQj?]DFL_U>/HIHI> � _U[\>@?]QXR7^@[ITCQO>/T&^@TCQ3DFTF>�ACNMTFT\c>/>�AC>9S&^M?]>�T\c>@_U>@?O?O^@[ILO>�i^�DFT�JMLV^@T&AmTFNMR3SFLO>9A�`b^@T&^@HIoF?]>@?Up�W^@T&?K_U>/LOQV^@[IT&?W_/^M?%He^3HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT�AC>BHe^X?]NMDFLV_U>B>/QWHI>jRmc>@_/^@TF[e?]RX>W^@D f�N@oP>/L%TF>3?]D � ?]>/TCQ%GFHID&?Upc%TF>3AC>@?O_ULO[IGFQO[INMT9GFLFc>@_U[e?]>BAC>BHe^7?]NMDFLV_U>B>@?]QWDFQO[IHI>BG&NMDFLKRXNCA;c>/HI[e?]>/L%HI>@?\> vu>/QV?KAC>3?][IQO>B>/T�_Vz&^@RXGGFLONC_VzF>Pp"=&>@?�c>/QOD&AC>@?j_UNMT&_U>/LOT&^@TCQjHI>@?KQOLV^@T&? f�>/LOQV?BAC>7_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>@?K>/QjHI>@?K[ITCQFc>/LV^M_UQO[INMT&?j?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?NMD�ACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>@?B>/TCQOLO>9?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?B?]NMTCQXS&^M?Cc>/>@?X?]DFLXHe^�_UNMTFT&^@[e?O?O^@T&_U>�AC>-He^�_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>7AC>9He^
� ��� +�# ���������q& ���� ���� !'# � ��=�
LODFGFQODFLO>PpM=�` >@?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMTKAC>"Ha` zF[e?]QONM[ILO>"AC>@?ynM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?�AC>;_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>@?y?]DFLyHI>"GFHe^@TBAC> fh^@[IHIHI>�LO>@ZPDF[I>/LOQc>/JP^@HI>/RX>/TCQB_U>7Q]oCG&>-AC>-LFc>@?]DFHIQV^@QV?Up"xyLONMDFnP>/L3He^�AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�ACD�JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQj>/Q3?]NMT(c>/nPNMHIDFQO[INMTQO>/RXG&NMLO>/HIHI>%>@?]QWACNMT&_K>@?O?]>/TCQO[I>/HIHI>PpP�%NMD&?\G&>/T&?]NMT&?WZPDF>KHe^BRmc>/QOzFNCAC>WGFLONMG&NP?Cc>/>BG&>/DFQWAC>/nP>/TF[IL;DFTF>Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>%?]QV^@T&AF^@LVAXZPDF[FG&>/LORX>/QOQOLV^WA�` >@?]QO[IRX>/LyLV^@GF[eAC>/RX>/TCQ�AC>@?�RXNCA�i>/HI>@?�_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>@?�G&NMDFL;HI>@?JMLONP?%?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?"[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQFc>@?Up
� �� �� ��� �� ���� �� �� ��� ��� ��� �� ������
=�`Oc>/QOD&AC>jACD-?Cc>/[e?]RX>WAC>B=�^@T&AC>/LV?W^jG&>/LORX[e?;AC>KRX>/QOQOLO>%>/T�c>/nC[eAC>/T&_U>WAC>@?;nC[IQO>@?O?]>@?\AC>KLODFGFQODFLO>QOL/i>@?jLV^@GF[eAC>@?B>/QBG&NMDFnM^@TCQ3R�q>/RX>3HINC_/^@HI>/RX>/TCQXq>/QOLO>XGFHID&?BLV^@GF[eAC>@?BZPDF>7He^9nC[IQO>@?O?]>7AC>@?BNMT&AC>@? �ACD�RX[IHI[I>/D�{aAF^@T&?KHI>@? � NMTF>@?KAC>�f�NMLOQjJMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQU�Vp�k">@?KNMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?j?]NMTCQj>/T�^M_/_UNMLVA�^/nP>@_BAC>@?RXNCA�i>/HI>@?"ACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>@?\{]�%He?]>/T >@3g46H�W Y ,�./. �M�;>/Q\AC>@?;>/ECG\c>/LO[IRX>/TCQV^@QO[INMT&?�AC>KHe^@S&NMLV^@QONM[ILO>3{ b NP?O^��C[e?>@3g46H�W Y ,�././. �Vp&�%NP?"LFc>@?]DFHIQV^@QV?"NMTCQ\_UNMT s LORmc>%ZPDy` >/TXJ�c>/T\c>/LV^@H&He^KLODFGFQODFLO>K?][e?]RX[eZPDF>\>@?]Q;z\c>/QFc>/LONMJFi>/TF>Pp�%NMD&?"^/nPNMT&?�NMS&?]>/LOn;c>WAF^@T&?�HI>%_/^M?"A�` DFTF>\JMLV^@T&AC> fh^@[IHIHI>\AF^@T&?�DFTX_UNMTCQO>/ECQO>%A;c>@_ULONC_Vz&^@TCQ\{]=�^@T&AC>/LV?V�ZPDF>WHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>j?U` >@?]Q\A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG\c>/>W>/T7_/^M?O_/^MAC>Pp&r�HID&?][I>/DFLV?;^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>@?\?]NMTCQ%?Cc>/G&^@LFc>/>@?;G&^@L%AC>@?;S&^@L��LO[ai>/LO>@?Up�W^@T&?\HI>K_/^M?\AC>@?;?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?"AC>WHe^B?Cc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>WAC>Bk"NMHts NMLO[IQON7{a_UNMTCQO>/ECQO>%>/T fh^@[IHIHI>@?�TFNMLOR7^@HI>@?V�VY_Vz&^MZPDF> c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQ;>@?]QK_UNMT&?]QO[IQOD\c>3A�` DFTF>3^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>BGFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@HI>Pp�W^@T&?K_U>@?WAC>/DFE9_/^M?K_U>3?]NMTCQWHI>@?S&^@LOLO[ai>/LO>@?�J�c>/NMRmc>/QOLO[eZPDF>@?�ZPDF[�A;c>/HI[IRX[IQO>UTCQ�He^WQV^@[IHIHI>WAC>@?"^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>@?%{]=�^@T&AC>/LV?V��NMD7_U>/HIHI>%AC>@?"?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?{]k"NMHts NMLO[IQONC�Vp%�W^@T&?;HI>K_/^M?;AC>@?\?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�AC>jk"NMHts NMLO[IQONFYCHI>@?;ACNMTFT\c>/>@?C[Cl b ?]NMTCQ\>@?O?]>/TCQO[I>/HIHI>@?�H]i^KN�iDHI>@?WACNMTFT\c>/>@?W^M_/_�c>/H/c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[eZPDF>@?">/QMaWrg[9?]NMTCQjAC>3ZPD&^@HI[IQFc>jRmc>@AC[INC_ULO>KNMD�G&>/D�TFNMR3SFLO>/D&?]>@?Up�=&>@?LODFGFQODFLO>@?;[IQV^@HI[I>/TFTF>@?;?]NMTCQ%HINC_/^@HI[e?Cc>/>@?;>/T7GFLON f�NMT&AC>/DFL%A�`b^@GFL/i>@?\TFNP?\[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?Up
� 1�|T~K< 31U~:��~K132M| ��538-4 � �T�~ �@{ �@8U{K2"</531 6U~ � �#{ �G�~6{}|�<�|2� <��78U~� �� � ���� ��� ������ ����� � �������� � ������� ����� � �� � ��� ���
�W^@T&?yDFTj_UNMTCQO>/ECQO>"?][e?]RXNMQO>@_UQONMTF[eZPDF>�_UNMRXG&^@LV^@SFHI>%i^%_U>/HIDF[MAC>"He^\�FLV^@T&_U>%{]=�^@T&AC>/LV?V�VY/DFTB?Cc>/[e?]RX>G&>/DFQ f�LV^@T&_VzF[ILjAC>@?WS&^@LOLO[ai>/LO>@?Up�=&NMLV?BACD ?Cc>/[e?]RX>BAC>-=�^@T&AC>/LV?KHe^7LODFGFQODFLO>X^7>/T�> vu>/QKLFc>/D&?O?][Ki^-?]>GFLONMG&^@JM>/LX?]DFL3QOLONM[e?3?]>/JMRX>/TCQV?jAC> fh^@[IHIHI>PY�He^�?]>/JMRX>/TCQV^@QO[INMT ^9G&>/LOQODFLOS\c>7He^�_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>3AC>-He^LODFGFQODFLO>7?][e?]RX[eZPDF>BR7^@[e?WHI>@?WS&^@LOLO[ai>/LO>@?KTy` NMTCQjG&^M?�c>/QFc>X?]D � ?O^@TCQO>@?jG&NMDFLBHa`b^@LOL@q>/QO>/L/p=�W^@T&?jHI>X_/^M?AC>Bk"NMHts NMLO[IQON3>/T-LO>/nM^@T&_VzF>WHI>@?\^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>@?\NMTCQ%_�c>@A;c>KHI>@?;DFTF>@?\^@GFL/i>@?\HI>@?\^@DFQOLO>@?%?]NMD&?\He^�f�NMLORX>KAC>GFHID&?][I>/DFLV?-c>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQO?Up&k">@?WNMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT&?WRX>/QOQO>/TCQ\>/T�c>/nC[eAC>/T&_U>jAC>/DFE-GFLONMSFHai>/RX>@?\_UNMT&_U>/LOT&^@TCQHa`b^@H/c>@^3?][e?]RX[eZPDF>PpFr�LO>/RX[ai>/LO>/R3>/TCQ/YP[IH�>@?]QWQOL/i>@?WA;c>/HI[e_/^@QWAC>BA;c> s TF[ILWDFTF>BQV^@[IHIHI>jAC>3?Cc>/[e?]RX>KR7^@EC[IR7^@H_UNMTFT&^@[e?O?O^@TCQ%He^B?]>/JMRX>/TCQV^@QO[INMT7AC>@?�fh^@[IHIHI>@?"AF^@T&?\DFTF>KLFc>/JM[INMT-ACNMTFT\c>/>j_/^@L%DFT-?Cc>/[e?]RX>%>@?]Q%_/^@G&^@SFHI>AC>%_/^M?O?]>/L"AC>@?�S&^@LOLO[ai>/LO>@?UpP=&>%AC>/DFEC[ai>/RX>"GFLONMSFHai>/RX>;_UNMT&_U>/LOTF>\He^%GFLFc>@AC[e_UQO[INMTBAC>\He^%HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMTXAC>@?LFc>/GFHI[eZPDF>@?�>/Q%ZPDF>/HeZPDF> f�NM[e?"AC>j?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?"AC>WQV^@[IHIHI>9c>/JP^@HI>WnPNM[ILO>K?]DFG\c>/LO[I>/DFLO>K^@D7GFLO>/RX[I>/LBc>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQ/p\aH fh^@DFQKq>/QOLO>WQOL/i>@?�GFLOD&AC>/TCQ\^@GFL/i>@?"DFT7?Cc>/[e?]RX>%_/^@L;DFTF>K^@DFQOLO>K?]>@_UNMD&?O?]>KA�` [IRXG&NMLOQV^@T&_U>W_UNMRXG&^@LV^@SFHI>G&>/DFQ%?]DFLOnP>/TF[IL%ZPDF>/HeZPDF>@?;?]>@_UNMT&AC>@?W{5\aLOGF[ITF[e^P�"NMD7GFHID&?][I>/DFLV?;zF>/DFLO>@?W{]k"NMHts NMLO[IQONC�\^@GFL/i>@?\>/Q\GFLON@nPN �
�� � � ��� +�# ����������& ���� ���� !'# �
ZPDF>/L"AC>@?�G&>/LOQO>@?"AC>%nC[I>@?�zCDFR7^@[ITF>@?Kc>/nC[IQV^@SFHI>@?�_UNMRXRX>"_U> f�DFQ�R7^@HIzF>/DFLO>/D&?]>/RX>/TCQ�HI>%_/^M?Wi^KlW?O?][e?]>PYN�iD�AC>@?%>/ECG&>/LOQV?\NMTCQ9c>/QFc>jQOD\c>@?%G&^@LWHI>BAC>/DFEC[ai>/RX>W_VzFNC_BZPDF[�^3>/D9HI[I>/D-?]>/DFHI>/RX>/TCQ . zF>/DFLO>@?%^@GFL/i>@?HI>KGFLO>/RX[I>/L/p� �������� �� ��� ���� ������ ����� ��� � �� ���� ��� ��� �������
�%NMD&?j^/nPNMT&?jNMS&?]>/LOn;c>X?]DFLBHI>@?K?][IJMT&^@DFE�ACD�?Cc>/[e?]RX>3AC>7=�^@T&AC>/LV?j>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>9i^-He^-?]QV^@QO[INMT AC>} NP?]zCD&^-xyLO>/>XZPDF>3He^7ACDFLFc>/>XAC>XHe^7?]NMHIHI[e_U[IQV^@QO[INMT�?][e?]RX[eZPDF>BA;c>/G&>/T&A�AC>3He^XS&^@T&AC>7AC>�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?_UNMT&?][eA;c>/LFc>/>Pp6\aH�fh^@DFQ"ACNMT&_\AC>@?�LFc>/JMLO>@?O?][INMT&?�AC>\He^WACDFLFc>/>\AF^@T&?�He^%S&^@T&AC>%AC> f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>"[ITCQFc>/LO>@?O?O^@TCQO>G&NMDFLKHI>BJ�c>/TF[I>jG&^@LV^M?][e?]RX[eZPDF>X{a�Cp | � , �"~! C�Vp��%NMD&?K^/nPNMT&?WA;c>/LO[In;c>jDFTF>BQO>/HIHI>jHINM[�ZPDF["ACNMTFTF>X^@DFE[ITFJ�c>/TF[I>/DFLV?jAC>@?j[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?j_UNMRXGFH/c>/R3>/TCQV^@[ILO>/?Bi^9_U>/HIHI>@?KQOLV^MAC[IQO[INMTFTF>/HIHI>/RX>UTCQwf�NMDFLOTF[I>@?KG&^@L3HI>?]G&>@_UQOLO>WAC>WLFc>/G&NMT&?]>PpFk">/G&>/T&AF^@TCQ;[IH fh^@DFQKq>/QOLO>W_UNMT&?O_U[I>/TCQ;ZPDF>%HI>@?�HINM[e?"A�`b^@QOQFc>/TCD&^@QO[INMT7?]NMTCQ;S&^M?Cc>/>@??]DFLKHI>@?%HINM[e?W>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?;G&NMDFLjHI>@?OZPDF>/HIHI>@?\He^X?]NMDFLV_U>3>@?]QK>/T�J�c>/T\c>/LV^@H�LFc>@ACDF[IQO>-i^XDFT�G&NM[ITCQ/pT�W^@T&?HI>�_/^M?7AC> f�NMLOQO>@?XR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>@?UY;>/T�_Vz&^@RXGmGFLONC_VzF>PY;TFNMD&?7RXNMTCQOLONMT&?XZPDF>�AC>9QO>/HIHI>@?3LO>/He^@QO[INMT&?>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?"TF>B?]NMTCQ%G&^M?%DFQO[IHI[e?O^@SFHI>@?UYF[IHy>@?]QW^@HINMLV?%T\c>@_U>@?O?O^@[ILO>jA�` DFQO[IHI[e?]>/L%AC>@?\RXNCA�i>/HI>@?\AC>B?]NMDFLV_U>G&>/LORX>/QOQV^@TCQ\AC>KJ�c>/T\c>/LO>/L%AC>@?\?][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>@?�LFc>@^@HI[e?]QO>@?W{aACDFLFc>/>PYF^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>PYC?]G&>@_UQOLO>M�Vp
� ��� ����� + �j�(��� �� �
� �� ��� ���m��� ����
0�1322~W4 �94��~%22~W4�6U~:|�6-53191 �~6~:|�6U~ � �@8�| ~K1 � �@8�|(1-5Z� �94M~K8�|T~:|
l%nM^@TCQ ,�.M| �CYBHI>@?�c>/QOD&AC>@?�AC>�?]NMDFLV_U>(c>/QV^@[I>/TCQ�S&^M?Cc>/>@? ?]DFL�HI>@?�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?�R7^M_ULONP?][e?]RX[eZPDF>/?{ HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMTyYyQV^@[IHIHI>M�Vpy=�^-G\c>/LO[INCAC>3>/TCQOLO> ,�.M| �->/Q ,�./. �9_UNMLOLO>@?]G&NMT&Ami^7Ha` q^@JM>XA�` NMLjAC>@?KACNMTFT\c>/>@?RXNMT&AC[e^@HI>@?W>/QBLFc>/JM[INMT&^@HI>@?3{ HINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMTyY�Rmc>@_/^@TF[e?]RX>B^@D f�N@oP>/L/Y f�NMT&_UQO[INMT ?]NMDFLV_U>M�VpM�%>/GFDF[e?jAC[IE^@T&?j>/TCnC[ILONMTyY�TFNMD&?B?]NMRXRX>@?\LO>/TCQOLFc>@?jAF^@T&?KHa`Ii>/LO>3AC>@?K[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQV?%z&^@DFQO>XGFLFc>@_U[e?][INMT AC>X_Vz&^@RXGGFLONC_VzF>3{ [IR7^@JM>/LO[I>WACD9A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/RX>/TCQ"AC>KHe^jLODFGFQODFLO>j?]DFL%HI>WGFHe^@T9AC> fh^@[IHIHI>M�Vp=�` [ITCQO>/L�f c>/LONMRmc>/QOLO[I>�LV^MAF^@L"TFNMD&?"^@GFG&NMLOQO>WAC>@?�[IT f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT&?yGFLFc>@_U[I>/D&?]>@?y>/Q�G&>/LORX>/Q�A�`b^/nPNM[IL�AC>@?
ACNMTFT\c>/>@?\AC>B_Vz&^@RXG3GFLONC_VzF>jAF^@T&?%HI>@? � NMTF>@?\TFNMT7[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQFc>/>@?Up=&>@?3ACNMTFT\c>/>@?BAC>7RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQwf�NMLOQX?]NMTCQB[ITCQOLO[IT&?Ui>@ZPDF>/RX>/TCQWHI>@?BACNMTFT\c>/>@?B?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[eZPDF>@?KHI>@?
RX[I>/DFEX^MAF^@GFQFc>/>@?Bi^3Ha` [IR7^@JM>/LO[I>WAC>jHe^3LODFGFQODFLO>Pp�Z�T9> vu>/Q/Y&G&NMDFLWHI>@?%ACNMTFT\c>/>@?W?][e?]RXNMHINMJM[eZPDF>@?;GFHID&?HINM[ITCQV^@[ITF>@?UYMHe^WnM^@LO[e^@QO[INMTXAC>@? f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?;AC>La%LO>/>/TBGFLON@nP>/T&^@TCQ;AC>@?"AC[tvwc>/LO>/TCQO>@?�G&^@LOQO[I>@?"AC>%He^wfh^@[IHIHI>>@?]Q%?][IRXGFHI>/R3>/TCQ�DFTF>jAC[tvwc>/LO>/T&_U>KAC>KGFz&^M?]>Pp=�`b^@DFJMRX>/TCQV^@QO[INMT�ACD�TFNMR3SFLO>mAC>mACNMTFT\c>/>@?�T\c>@_U>@?O?][IQO>�AC> fh^@[ILO> c>/nPNMHIDF>/L�TFNMQOLO>mRmc>/QOzFNCAC>
A�` [IR7^@JM>/LO[I>Pp6\aH fh^@D&ACLV^j_/^@He_UDFHI>/L�DFTXTFNMR3SFLO>%AC>wf�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?;AC>La%LO>/>/TXGFHID&?�[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ">/Q"[ITCnP>/LV?]>/LAC>@?%R7^@QOLO[e_U>@?"GFHID&?%JMLV^@T&AC>@?Up�\aH�>@?]QKACNMT&_jT\c>@_U>@?O?O^@[ILO>jAC>BQOLONMDFnP>/LWAC>@?%Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>@?%AC>B_/^@He_UDFH�GFHID&?LV^@GF[eAC>@?Up
�%>-TFNMDFnP>/HIHI>@?jACNMTFT\c>/>@?XAC>-_Vz&^@RXG GFLONC_VzF>7nPNMTCQX_U>/LOQV^@[ITF>/RX>/TCQj^@GFG&^@LV^@q ` QOLO>9AF^@T&?3HI>@?jGFLON �_Vz&^@[ITF>@? ^@TFT\c>/>@?Up�Z�T J�c>/NCA;c>@?][I>?]G&^@QO[e^@HI>PYBG&^@Lm>/EC>/RXGFHI>PYWDFTF>QO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>�A�` [ITCQO>/LV_UNMLOLFc>/He^@QO[INMTA�` [IR7^@JM>@?%?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>@?\G&>/LORX>/Q%A�`b^M_/_�c>@AC>/LW^@D�A;c>/GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ\G&>/LOG&>/T&AC[e_UDFHe^@[ILO>7i^3Ha`b^@EC>BAC>BnC[e?Cc>/>3ACD_/^@GFQO>/DFL3{ad-[e_VzF>/H >@3L46H�W Y ,�././. �VpT�%>3TFNMDFnP>/HIHI>@?%QO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>@?%AC>X_U>BJM>/TFLO>3nPNMTCQK_U>/LOQV^@[ITF>/RX>/TCQ%?]>A;c>/nP>/HINMGFG&>/L;>/Q\He^jGFLFc>@_U[e?][INMT-AC>@?\ACNMTFT\c>/>@?\nM^B^@D&?O?][�?U`b^@Rmc>/HI[INMLO>/L/pk">@?jACNMTFT\c>/>@?WTFNMDFnP>/HIHI>@?WG&NMDFLOLONMTCQ fh^M_U[IHI>/RX>/TCQjq>/QOLO>3[ITCQO>/LOGFLFc>/QFc>/>@?W^/nP>@_jHI>@?WQO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>@?%GFLFc> �
?]>/TCQFc>/>@?KAF^@T&?j_U>/QOQO>3QOzyi>@?]>Pp�Z�T�> vu>/Q/YyTFNMD&?jG&NP?O?Cc>@ACNMT&?BAC>@?KNMDFQO[IHe?WG&>/LORX>/QOQV^@TCQKAC>7_/^@He_UDFHI>/LWHI>@?LFc>/G&NMT&?]>@?;?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?�>/Q;ACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>@?y>/T3QONMDFQ"G&NM[ITCQ;A�` NMS&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMTXG&NP?O?][ISFHI>%>/Q"ACNMT&_%^@GFGFHI[e_/^@SFHI>@??]DFLWAC[InP>/LV?]>@?;ACNMTFT\c>/>@?Up
�� � � ��� ����� + �j�(���� <�~K8P� �94M~K196-4M~ ~K1 :\5Z� �-22~ ��{ :\5Z� � ��~,�9<U2��~�698�� < �@<�~K8=&>@?WRXNCA�i>/HI>@?ji^7?]QOLV^@QO[tsu_/^@QO[INMT&?WGFHe^@TF>@?KZPDF>BTFNMD&?WDFQO[IHI[e?]NMT&?WG&NMDFLj_/^@He_UDFHI>/L%HI>@? f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?KAC>
a%LO>/>/T�TF>BGFLO>/TFTF>/TCQWG&^M?K>/T�_UNMRXGFQO>BHI>@?%> vu>/QV?KAC>@?K?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>@?%z\c>/QFc>/LONMJFi>/TF>@?Up�k">/LOQV^@[ITF>@?%NMT&AC>@?G&>/DFnP>/TCQWq>/QOLO>%[ITCQO>/LOGFLFc>/QFc>/>@?�_UNMRXRX>\AC>@?�QO>/LORX>@?�AC>K?]NMDFLV_U>W^@HINMLV?\ZPDy` >/HIHI>@?�?]NMTCQ\ACDF>@?�>/TXLFc>@^@HI[IQFc>ji^AC>@?;LFc>�� >@_UQO>/DFLV?;GFL/i>@?\AC>KHe^B?]NMDFLV_U>KNMD i^3AC>@?;> vu>/QV?\AC>j?][IQO>Pp&r�NMDFL\HI[IRX[IQO>/L"_U>@?;> vu>/QV?\TFNMD&?%^/nPNMT&?HI[IRX[IQFc>�TFNP?jc>/QOD&AC>@?�^@DFEjS&^M?O?]>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?y>/Q�TFNMD&?�Ty`b^/nPNMT&?yG&^M?�[ITCnP>/LV?Cc>"HI>@?yNMT&AC>@?�QV^@LVAC[InP>@?�AF^@T&?HI>@?\?][e?]RXNMJMLV^@RXRX>@?Up�%NMD&?B^/nPNMT&?3_U>/G&>/T&AF^@TCQjHe^-G&NP?O?][ISF[IHI[IQFc>-AC>XRX[I>/DFE9QO>/TF[ILB_UNMRXGFQO>7AC>XHe^-GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT�AF^@T&?
HI>KRX[IHI[I>/Dyp'[&` [IHy>@?]Q%SF[I>/T9_/^@LV^M_UQFc>/LO[e?Cc>PYFHI>@?�f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?WAC>�a%LO>/>/T-G&>/DFnP>/TCQjq>/QOLO>j_/^@He_UDFH/c>/>@?\^/nP>@_KAC>@?_UNCAC>@?;AC>%_/^@He_UDFHe?�QOLO[eAC[IRX>/T&?][INMTFTF>/He?Up6[P[ITFNMT3HINMLV?OZPDF>WAC>@?�G&>/QO[IQV?Bc>/n;c>/TF>/RX>/TCQV?y?]NMTCQ;>/TFLO>/JM[e?]QOLFc>@?�^@DR�q>/RX>j>/T&ACLONM[IQBZPDF>XHI>X_VzFNC_3GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@H"[IHe?KG&>/DFnP>/TCQXq>/QOLO>3DFQO[IHI[e?Cc>@?K_UNMRXRX>�f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?jAC>�a%LO>/>/T>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?Up&�%NMD&?j^/nPNMT&?K_U>/G&>/T&AF^@TCQKLO>/R7^@LVZPD\c>BZPDF>X_U>/QOQO>3^@GFGFLONC_VzF>7_UNMRXG&NMLOQV^@[IQjAC>@?WHI[IRX[IQV^��QO[INMT&?"[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQO>@?�ACDF>@?;^@DFEBHINM[e?"A�`Oc>@_VzF>/HIHI>@?y>/Q;^@D7AC[e^@JMLV^@RXRX>\AC>%LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?"QOL/i>@?"nM^@LO[e^@SFHI>@?�>/T_Vz&^@RXGXGFLONC_VzF>Pp
� 2"< �@<�|T~W4�6��#{B872�4M~:| 22~K: �919<��78U~:| 6��O<@1��Z~W4�|�</531�%NMD&?WG&NMDFnPNMT&?WQO>@?]QO>/LKA�`b^@DFQOLO>@?W^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFRX>@?%A�` [ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?%ZPDF>3_U>/DFE7GFLFc>@?]>/TCQFc>@?WAF^@T&?K_U>/QOQO>
QOzyi>@?]>PYM_UNMRXRX>�G&^@L�>/EC>/RXGFHI>"AC>@?�[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT&?�zCoCSFLO[eAC>@?�ZPDF[F_UNMR3SF[ITF>/TCQyAC>@?�^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFRX>@?yJMHINMS&^@DFE�Y>/Q%AC>@?;QO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>@?;ZPDF[�_UNMTCnP>/LOJM>/TCQ"nP>/LV?;DFTF>j?]NMHIDFQO[INMT-HINC_/^@HI>Pp
z�57:G{ �@<�|T~W4 ��~:| 4M{B69<�{K2"</531�| �U{B8722~:| �P4��~ �78U~K19:G~:| |�8-4 ��{��x{B< � ��~\aH�>@?]Q\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ\AC>j?O^/nPNM[IL;N�iD�?]NMTCQ7c>/RX[e?]>@?�HI>@?"LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?\z&^@DFQO>@?�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?"G&^@L%LV^@GFG&NMLOQ
^@DFE � NMTF>@?;AC> f�NMLOQ;JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ�N�iD-?]NMTCQ;LO>/HOq^M_Vz\c>/>@?�HI>@?"_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>@?;?]QV^@QO[eZPDF>@?UpF=�^KHINC_/^@HI[e?O^@QO[INMT7AC>_U>@?�c>/RX[e?O?][INMT&?%z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?KAC>/nCLV^@[IQKG&>/LORX>/QOQOLO>XAC>3RX[I>/DFE9_UNMRXGFLO>/T&ACLO>3Ha`b^M?]G&>@_UQjACoCT&^��RX[eZPDF>%AC>WHe^KLODFGFQODFLO>K_/^@L;>/HIHI>@?"^@GFG&NMLOQO>/TCQ%AC>@?"LO>/T&?]>/[IJMTF>/RX>/TCQV?�?]DFL;HI>K_/^@LV^M_UQ/i>/LO>%[IRXGFDFHe?][tf AC>WHe^LODFGFQODFLO>Ppk">/QOQO>�c>/QOD&AC>KT\c>@_U>@?O?][IQO>WDFTF>j^@GFGFLONC_VzF>j?]QONC_Vz&^M?]QO[eZPDF>7i^B_/^@D&?]>BAC>KHe^jT&^@QODFLO>K[IT&_UNMz\c>/LO>/TCQO>KAC>@?
LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT&?"z&^@DFQO>@?�f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?UpCk">%GFLONMSFHai>/RX>\[IRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ"G&NMDFL\He^WLODFGFQODFLO>K?][e?]RX[eZPDF>;>@?]Q\A;c>/HI[e_/^@Q_/^@LBHI>@?jACNMTFT\c>/>@?7{ >/TCnP>/HINMGFG&>@?�c>/TF>/LOJ�c>/QO[eZPDF>@?V�W?]NMTCQ3G&>/D LO[e_VzF>@?K>/Qj[IH�fh^@DFQ3QO>/TF[ILB_UNMRXGFQO>XAC>7He^AC[tvuD&?][INMT9AC>@?;NMT&AC>@?%AF^@T&?\HI>WRX[IHI[I>/Dyp
�[��� � � � � � � � � � � ��
� ����$����('( !�*)����
l%SFLV^@z&^@R7?]NMTyY&�jpFljpIYP>/QG[P[IHInM^CY¦�p } pIY ,�./. �PY(Z�RXGF[ILO[e_/^@HFLO>@?]G&NMT&?]>B?]G&>@_UQOLV^@H�^@QOQO>/TCD&^@QO[INMT7LO>/He^��QO[INMT&? f�NML%?]z&^@HIHIN�¥�_ULOD&?]QV^@Hy>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?�� 1�>K7I;�A=86H�WT£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y ��� Y . � / , �M�Cpl%zFNMLOTF>/L/Y&=�pIY ,�. ]M�CY&�%[e?]QONMLO[e_/^@H�?]>/[e?]RX[e_U[IQ]oj^@T&A3GFLO>@?]>/TCQ�� AF^/o3RX[e_ULONP>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>\^M_UQO[InC[IQ]oBN f QOzF>b zF>/TF[e?]z3d9^M?O?][tf � 79: �=W ��F �@?�;L>@3-46H�W-QS>E< ; Uo¤��gHI463S>E4�F ��B�HI7 zV3j¤�1�B(DK79:6��>KDE¤ �G>KD@HI79: YPG&^@JM>@? ,�. ] / �M� , pl,�C[aY2�BpIY�>/Q b [e_Vz&^@LVAF?UY�r�pIY ,�. ]M�CY � D&^@TCQO[IQV^@QO[InP>X?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJMo���x;zF>/NMLOo ^@T&A RX>/QOzFNCAF?��T¦�p"�jp�FLO>/>/R7^@T7^@T&A9k"NFpl%R7^@QONFY�ljpIY�l �/� ^@LV^CY b pIY�k"zF[e^@LV^@SFS&^CY;k%pIY"k"[IRX[ITF[aY�ajp2 WpIY�k"NC_/_UNFY"d�pIYT�%[G ;NMT&^CY�d�pIY�d9^@L��JMzF>/LO[IQO[aY\=�pIY\d9^ �/� ^CYO[&pIY;d->/HI>PY"�;pIYO[P>/HInM^@JMJM[aYCajpIY� \^M?][IHI[aY"ljpIY� ;NP?O_VzF[aY�Z\pIY%k"NMDFLOS&NMDFHI>/E�Y\�;pIY�%>@?O_Vz&^@RXG&?UY�ljpIY-aW^�vu>/Q/Yg[&pIYT ;[IQOQV^@LO>/HIHI[aY�ajpIY"k"zF[e^@LV^@HID&_U>PY�=�pIY�r�[e_/_U[ITF[ITF[aY=�jpIYy>/Q b [IG&>/G&>PY�d�pIY,�./. ]CY\x;zF> ,�./. �$c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>PY�\aQV^@HIoPY�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>-?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>M��^ s LV?]Q3HINPN���^@Q3QOzF>7R7^@[IT?]zFNC_/�F?%^@T&A-^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�F?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y � YF�6]M� ,V/ �6]M�M�Fpl%R3SFLV^M?]>/oF?UY&�jpy�jpIY�[P[IRXG&?]NMTyY��BpIY&>/Q: ;NMRXRX>/L/Y } p } pIY ,�./. �M^CY�r�LO>@AC[e_UQO[INMT9N f zFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@H�LO>@? �G&NMT&?]>%?]G&>@_UQOLV^%[IT=Z�DFLONMG&>x� vO4�D@39?'p�F�4���>gvO:6��79:�>@>KDK79:6�=4�:'<G1�35DKF �K35F�DE46H �Mx6:'4�A=7��@; Y � Y@�P� ,V/ �P�M�Cpl%R3SFLV^M?]>/oF?UYM�jpC�jpIY�[P[IRXG&?]NMTyYx�BpIYM>/Q� ;NMRXRX>/L/Y } p } pIY ,�./. �@SyYFr�LO>@AC[e_UQO[INMT3N f nP>/LOQO[e_/^@HFLO>@?]G&NMT&?]>?]G&>@_UQOLV^B[IT�Z�DFLONMG&>x� vO4�D@39?'p�F�4���>LvO:6��79:�>@>KDK79:6��4�:'<�1�35DKF �K35F�DE46H �Mx6:'4�A=7��@; Y�� YF�P� ,V/ � , �Cpl%R3SFLV^M?]>/oF?UY"�jpIY ,�. ] | YC\aTCQO>/T&?][IQ]o ^@QOQO>/TCD&^@QO[INMT�^@T&AmR7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC> �h[ITCQO>/T&?][IQ]o�LO>/He^@QO[INMT&?]zF[IG&?�f�NML�%NMLOQOz¥;>@?]Q�Z�DFLONMG&>@^@T�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?�� vO4�D@39?'p�F�4���>_vO:6��79:�>@>KDK79:6� 4�:'<�1�35DKF �K35F�DE46H �Mx6:'4�A=7��@; Y� � Y��@�M� / � ]6]Cpl%T � [eAC>/[aYMd�pIYx \^@HeAC[aYPr�pIY�aW^@HInM^@TF[aYCljpIYP�%DFT&?]QV^MA�Y�\VpIYMr�>@?O_U[aYPljpIYM>/QM ;NP?O_VzF[aY�Z\pIYP�M�M�M�CY�k"NP?]>/[e?]RX[e_AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQWN f QOzF>7�P�/QOz�[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L ,�./. �_c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>X{5\aQV^@HIo&�%>@^@QOz&ZPD&^��P>@?jAC>/QO>@_UQO>@ASCo�aWrg[�&_/^@RXG&^@[IJMT&?\^@T&A-AF^@QV^� ��W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�Wl%LV_VzCDFHI>/QV^CY b p } pIY ,�. ]@�FYyl fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ3RXNCAC>/H f�NML%QOzF> ,�. � . \aRXG&>/LO[e^@H�¡;^@HIHI>/oPY&k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^B>@^@LOQOz �ZPD&^��P>x� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y � �yYF� |M|/. / � | ] | pl%LO[e^M?UY�ljpIY ,�. �@�CY;l!RX>@^M?]DFLO>3N f >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>X[ITCQO>/T&?][IQ]on[P>/[e?]RX[e_[�%>@?][IJMT f�NML3�%D&_UHI>@^@Ljr�N�¥;>/Lr�He^@TCQV?�� �L4�:�; >K:x¤�£MW�¤-o�� �OD@>E;@;/¤Cj�4�A=m�DK79<���>E¤-o$4 ;@;�4��@?'F6; >@3�39; Y&G&^@JM>@?\�P�6] / ��]M�Cp
�� � �[��� � � � � � � � � � � ;>/He^@LVAC[ITF>/HIHI[aYFd�p(Z\pIY�k"NC_/_UNFYyd�pIYyk"NMDFQV^@TCQ/Y��jpIY&>/Qjk"NMQOQONMTyYy�;pIY ,�././. Y b >@AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT-N f ACo��T&^@RX[e_3?]QOLO>@?O?BACDFLO[ITFJ9_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_jLODFGFQODFLO>@?��-Z�nC[eAC>/T&_U>�f�NML�fh^@DFHIQj[ITCQO>/LV^M_UQO[INMT ^@T&A�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>QOLO[IJMJM>/LO[ITFJ%� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W Y=� � � Y , � . � | / , � . � | p ;>/TF[IN v Yy�jpIY ,�. �@�FY�x;zF>BGFzCoF?][e_/^@H�>/nM^@HID&^@QO[INMT�N f ?]>/[e?]RX[e_KAC>@?]QOLOD&_UQO[InP>/TF>@?O?�� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A�W-1(8�� W�GA�W Y � � Y&� . ] / �P�M�Cp ;>/LOJM> � x;zF[I>/LOLOoPYCk%pIYC=&D&?O?]NMDyY&r�pIYP�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> � Yx WpIYCk"NMQOQONMTyYF�;pIYM>/QOaW^@LO[I>/HaY } p ��k%pIY ,�./. ]CY&k"NMRXGFD �QV^@QO[INMTBN fuQOzF>\?]QOLONMTFJWRXNMQO[INMTjACDFLO[ITFJWQOzF> ,�./.M| �%oPNMJMN � �P>/Tj�W^@TCSFDj>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PYM_UNMR3SF[ITF[ITFJ;QOzF>��� ?OZPD&^@LO>7?]G&>@_UQOLV^@H\?]NMDFLV_U>XRXNCAC>/H;^@T&A�QOzF>7AC[e?O_ULO>/QO>Z¥\^/nP>/TCDFR3S&>/L%QO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>x� 1�>��@8�:'<��K:�3S>KD@t:'4635798�:'46H(1(x6ACB'8 ;�79F�A 8�: ?�>Ov ��>��K3g8 z 1(F�D�z|4��K> ¢ >E86HI8@��xM8�:�1�>K7I;�A=7��Go$8635798�:x¤�1(79A=F�H^354�:�>E8�F6;1(79A=F�HI4635798�: z|8�D �M8�mK>E¤��'8��68 ?'4�A=4�¤ �'4KB'4�: Y �T� � � Y , � . / ,/, ]Cp ;>/LOJM> � x;zF[I>/LOLOoPY"k%pIY ,�./. �PY\d-NCA;c>/HI[e?O^@QO[INMT z&^@DFQO> � f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>-AC>@?B?]NMDFLV_U>@?3?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?UY�^@GFGFHI[e_/^��QO[INMT&?%^@D-LO[e?OZPDF>K?][e?]RX[eZPDF>x�Cx;zyi>@?]>PY'c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQFc>Wr�^@LO[e?G¡L\E\VYF�FLV^@T&_U>Pp ;>/LOT&^@LVA�Y&r�pIY&�%>/LOLO>/LONFY&ljpIYC>/Q6 ;>/LOJM>PY&k%pIY ,�./. �CYyd-NCAC>/HI[ITFJXAC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]ojN f zF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/NMD&?%>@^@L��QOz&ZPD&^��P>KLODFGFQODFLO>@?�� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y ��� Y ,/, � . / ,/, �P�Cp ;>/LOT&^@LVA�Y�r�pIY= ;LO[INMHI>PY�r�pIYyd->/oP>/L/Y� WpIY�=&oPNMT ��k;^@>/TyY��jpIY�a%NMRX> � � a%NMT � ^@HI> � Y } p � d�pIYyx;[IS&>/LO[aYyk%pIYk;^@QOQO[ITyY b pIYy�W^@Q � f�>/HeA�Y��jpIY�=�^M_VzF>/Q/Y�k%pIY�=&>/SFLODFTyY= WpIY=�%>@?O_Vz&^@RXG&?UY�ljpIYyk"NMDFLOS&NMDFHI>/E�Y��;pIY�=�^@L��LONCZPDF>PYFk%pIY b [IJMNFYCljpIYMd9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q/Y�jpIYPr�^@G&^MAC[IRX[IQOLO[INMDyYMr�pIYx�K^M?O?O^@LV^M?UY } pIYx�%[e^@JMNMDFLOQV^M?UY%�jpIYPd9^���CLONMG&NMDFHINP?UYx�BpIY/>/QT¡">/[e?UY6ajpIY ,�./. �PYPx;zF>\d �C�W�Cpb�CY } DFTF> ,/| Y ,�./.M| l%[IJM[INMTj>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>%{Sa%LO>/>@_U>M��Z�nC[eAC>/T&_U>wf�NML%HIN�¥^@TFJMHI>KTFNMLOR7^@H fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJB[IT7QOzF>Bk"NMLO[ITCQOz7LO[tf�Q�� ��W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�W YT�&Y , � ,V/ ,/| �Cp ;HI>�¥\[IQOQ/Y�ajpIY��%>�� [ITyY2 Wp��jpIY��%DFLV?]Q/Y2�Bp } pIY } > vu>/LV?]NMTyY��jp;k%pIYT¦�>/SFSyY"�;p��jpIY�>/Q &DFR3S&>/LOJM>PY} p&�;pIY ,�./. �CY�l%S&?]NMHIDFQO> fh^@L�� s >/HeA7AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV? f�LONMR QOzF>j�6] } DFTF> ,�./. �X=�^@T&AC>/LV?\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>x� uL4635F�D@> Y � � �&Y&�@�P� / �@�P�Cp ;NMRXRX>/L/Y } p } pIY@>/Q�d9^@LOQO[ITF> � � r�>/LO>/[ILV^CY/ljpIY ,�././. YCx;zF>;> vu>@_UQO[InP>"ACDFLV^@QO[INMTBN fu>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>\?]QOLONMTFJRXNMQO[INMT=� �'8�F�DK:'46H�8 z0vO4�D@39?'p�F�4���>GvO:6��79:�>@>KDK79:6� Y � Y , �P� / , �@�Cp ;NPNMLO>PYT�jp�d�pIY } N@oCTF>/L/Y�¦�pT WpIY�>/Qj�FDFR7^@HaY�xWp�Z\pIY ,�./. �PY-Z"ZPD&^@QO[INMT f�NMLK>@?]QO[IR7^@QO[ITFJ3zFNMLO[ � NMT �QV^@H�LO>@?]G&NMT&?]>X?]G&>@_UQOLV^X^@T&A9G&>@^��9^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMTgf�LONMR�¥;>@?]QO>/LOT-TFNMLOQOz�l%RX>/LO[e_/^K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?���^?]DFRXR7^@LOoBN f LO>@_U>/TCQ�¥;NMLE�F?�� 1�>K7I;�A=86HI8@��7��@46H�£G>E; >E4�D��@? w >@3�3S>KDE; Y ��� Y , �6] / ,/| �Cp ;NMD&_VzFNMTyYFd�pIYCk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFYPd�pIYM>/Q%k"NMQOQONMTyYF�;pIY ,�./. ]CY([PQOLO>@?O? s >/HeA3^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@A ¥\[IQOzXQOzF>%LODFGFQODFLO>N f QOzF> ,�./. � =�^@T&AC>/LV?UY\k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^CY�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>-^@T&A�[IQV?j[IRXGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?K_UNMT&_U>/LOTF[ITFJ�QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ?]QOLO>/TFJMQOz9^@Q%QOzF>KNMT&?]>/Q\N f QOzF>K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W Y�� �� Y&� , Yb� . ,V/ � , Yb� . �Cp ;NMD&_VzFNMTyY�d�pIY ,�. ] , Y"l!?][IRXGFHI>jRX>/QOzFNCA9QON9_/^@He_UDFHe^@QO>%a%LO>/>/Ty`b?wf�DFT&_UQO[INMT f�NMLjHe^/oP>/LO>@A-RX>@AC[e^��CF�H�H�W-1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y���&Y .M|/. / . � , p
�[��� � � � � � � � � � � ����
;NMD&_VzFNMTyY"d�pIY ,�./. �PY;x;zF>-?]QV^@QO>7N f ?]QOLO>@?O?jNMTm?]NMRX> fh^@DFHIQV?jN fwQOzF>_[C^@Tml%T&ACLO>@^M?B?]oF?]QO>/R�^M?[IT f�>/LOLO>@A f�LONMR TF>@^@L�� s >/HeA7?]QOLONMTFJ3RXNMQO[INMT7AF^@QV^� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W Y�� � ��Y ,/, Y��@� ,V/ ,/, Y��/�M�&p ;NMDFL/YCd�pIY ,�./. �CY�[P[IR3DFHe^@QO[INMTBAC>@?�RXNMDFnP>/R3>/TCQV?uf�NMLOQV?�G&^@L"He^WRmc>/QOzFNCAC>%AC>@? f�NMT&_UQO[INMT&?"AC>La%LO>/>/T>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>@?��Px;zyi>@?]>PY�c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQFc>WAC>=[PQOLV^M?]S&NMDFLOJFYy�FLV^@T&_U>Pp ;LODFTF>PY } p;�jpIY } NMzFT&?]NMTyY\r�p;ljpIY">/Q7k%pIYO[&pIY ,�./. �CY%�%D&_UHI>@^@QO[INMTyY�GFLO>@AC[e_UQV^@SF[IHI[IQ]o�^@T&A�LODFGFQODFLO>RX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R�[IT f�NP^@R(LODFSFS&>/L\RXNCAC>/He?"N f >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� ��W �L79A=46HI4�x64�: ¢ >E86H�W Y=�&Y ,/|M| / , �M�Cpk;^@[IHIHINMQ/Y�¡BpIY�>/Q: \^@LVA�Yyr�p � �BpIY ,�./. �CY�d9^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>3AC[e?]QV^@T&_U>X^@T&A�?][IQO>3AC>/G&>/T&AC>/TCQj?]G&>@_UQOLV^ f�LONMR\aQV^@HI[e^@T-^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_\AF^@QV^� vOF�DE8KB�>E4�:�vO4�D@39?'p�F�4���>GvO:6��79:�>@>KDK79:6� Y2�&Y&�P� / ��]Cpk;^@[IHIHINMQ/Y¡BpIY ,�./. �CY � D&^@TCQO[tsu_/^@QO[INMT9?]QV^@QO[e?]QO[eZPDF>j>/Q-c>/QOD&AC>j>/ECG\c>/LO[IRX>/TCQV^@HI>WAC>jRXNMDFnP>/R3>/TCQV?"?][e? �RX[eZPDF>@?���^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMTi^-Ha` >/nM^@HID&^@QO[INMT ACD LO[e?OZPDF>x��r�zyp*�(x;zF>@?][e?UY�c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQFc> } NP?]>/GFzm�FNMDFLO[I>/L/Ya%LO>/TFNMSFHI>M\VYF[IT-�FLO>/T&_Vzypk;^@RXGFS&>/HIHaY=�BpT¦�pIY ,�./. �PY�Z�RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H�TF>�¥!?]NMDFLV_U>7^@QOQO>/TCD&^@QO[INMT�LO>/He^@QO[INMT&?]zF[IG&? f�NMLjzFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@H^@T&A7nP>/LOQO[e_/^@H�_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQV?"N f G&>@^��7JMLONMDFT&A-^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMTyYPG&>@^��XJMLONMDFT&A7nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oPYC^@T&AXG&?]>/D&ACN^@S&?]NMHIDFQO>B^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMTXLO>@?]G&NMT&?]>B?]G&>@_UQOLV^� 1�>K7I;�A=86H�WT£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y ��� Y ,/| � / , � . pk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY&d�pIY�aW^@LO[I>/HaY } p ��k%pIY�l,�C[aY�BpIY&>/QL[C^@T&_VzF> � � [P>@?]R7^CY&�;p } pIY ,�. ] . YT�%>@?]QOLOD&_UQO[InP>B?]QOLONMTFJJMLONMDFT&AmRXNMQO[INMTm[ITmd->/EC[e_UN k"[IQ]o6�O[PNMDFLV_U>PY"G&^@QOz^@T&A�?][IQO>-> vu>@_UQV?XACDFLO[ITFJ�QOzF>na%LO>@^@Q ,�. ] |d-[e_VzFNP^M_/^@T7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� �CF�H�H�W-1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y��%�yY , � , ] / , �@� | pk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFYCd�pIYP>/Q\l%LV_VzCDFHI>/QV^CY b p } pIY ,�./. �CY�l�LODFGFQODFLO>WRXNCAC>/H f�NML\QOzF>K�6] } DFTF> ,�./. �X=�^@T&AC>/LV?UYk;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^B>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y�� � Y&�@�C� / � | �Cpk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY�d�pIY ,�. ]M�CY;�%DFRX>/LO[e_/^@H�>/nM^@HID&^@QO[INMT�N fwTF>@^@L�� s >/HeA�Y�zF[IJMz � f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo�LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT f�LONMRZPD&^M?][t� ACoCT&^@RX[e_W_U[ILV_UDFHe^@L�fh^@DFHIQV?�� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y�� � Y��@�M� / �@�@�Fpk;^@LOHe?]NMTyY } p�d�pIY&>/Qj=�^@TFJM>/L/Y } p�[&pIY ,�. ] . Y�d->@_Vz&^@TF[e_/^@H�RXNCAC>/H�N f ^@T9>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>�fh^@DFHIQ�� ��?'x�; W£G>�� W�� Y � � YF�@�C�@� / �@��]M�Fpk;^M?]QOLONFY b p b pIYMl%T&AC>/LV?]NMTyY } p�ajpIYM>/QM ;LODFTF>PY } pP�jpIY ,�./. , Y&�%LO[IJM[ITBN f zF[IJMzCQ � � ��?]G&>@_UQOLV^@HFLV^@QO[INP?f�LONMR QOzF>=a%DF>/LOLO>/LONX^M_/_U>/HI>/LONMJMLV^@GFz-^@LOLV^/o�� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y � �&YF�M�M�6] / �M�6]6]Fpk;^@QOQO[ITyY b pIYx ;LO[INMHI>PYMr�pIYC=&oPNMT ��k;^@>/TyYC�jpIYx ;>/LOT&^@LVA�YPr�pIYM>/Q"r�[ITF>/QOQO>@?UYPr�pIY ,�././. Y'Z vu>@_UQV?�N f ?]DFG&>/L��su_U[e^@H"He^/oP>/LV?WNMT _UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_jAC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV? f�NMLBAC[IG � ?]HI[IG fh^@DFHIQj^@T&A�JM>/NMGFzCoF?][e_/^@H"[IRXGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?��¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W �K:�3SW Y=� � ��Y , � . / ,/| ]Cpk">/HIHINFYgajpIY;d9^ �/� NMHI[aY�[&pIY;xyNMT&AC[aYgZ\pIY�>/QXxyDFLV_UNFYgZ\pIY ,�./. �PY\lW_UQO[InP>XQO>@_UQONMTF[e_/?B[IT QOzF>�k">/TCQOLV^@Hl%G&>/TFTF[ITF>@?"^@T&ABG&NP?O?][ISFHI>W[IRXGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?uf�NML\?]>/[e?]RX[e_�z&^ � ^@LVAX^@T&^@HIoF?][e?�[IT3G&>/TF[IT&?]DFHe^@Lg\aQV^@HIo�� >��Kt358�:'8KB'?'x�;�7��@; Y �����YF�P� / �6]Cp
�� � �[��� � � � � � � � � � �k"[ITCQO[aYM�;p b pIYPk"D&_/_U[aYP=�pIYMd9^@LOLV^CYP�;pIY@>/Q"d-NMTCQONMTF>PYMr�pIY ,�././. YCx;zF> ,�./. �Gc%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>%{5\aQV^@HIo&�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>X?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>x��LO>/He^@QO[INMT&?]zF[IG�S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T9JMLONMDFT&A AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�^@T&A�?]>/[e?]RXNMJM>/TF[e_B?]QOLOD&_ �QODFLO>x� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y � � Y'] .M| / ] . ]Cpk"NC_/_UNFYWd�pIY;r�^M_VzF>@_UNFY } p\�;pIYC[P[ITFJMzyYG[&pG�BpIY;>/Q9k"NMDFLOS&NMDFHI>/E�Y%�;pIY ,�./. �PYWx;zF> &[IzCD&^@QV^@TF>���NFYd->/EC[e_UNK>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>WN f_�%>@_U>/R3S&>/L , �CY ,�./. �-{ad���Cpb�P��F?]NMDFLV_U>K_Vz&^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]QO[e_/?"^@T&AXQO>@_UQONMTF[e_[IRXGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W �K:�3SW Y=� � �&Y , � | / , � | pk"NC_/_UNFY�d�pIYF�%NP?]QOLONFY�k%pIYC>/QCZ2�F?]QOL��NMR9Y'ajpIY&�M�M�M�CY�[PQV^@QO[e_K?]QOLO>@?O?\_Vz&^@TFJM>@?\^@T&A fh^@DFHIQ\[ITCQO>/LV^M_UQO[INMTACDFLO[ITFJ3QOzF> ,�./. ��c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>x� ��W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�Wk"NC_/_UNFY�d�pIY�>/Q@ ;NP^@Q#¥\LO[IJMzCQ/Y } pIY ,�./. �CY"x;zF>3>/TCnP>/HINMG&>@?%N fw^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMT9QO[IRX>jzF[e?]QONMLO[I>@?�� �CF�H�H�W1�>K7I;�A�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y � � Y , � .M| / ,/,/, �&pk"NC_Vz&^@LVA�Y�ljpIY�>/Qjd9^MAF^@LO[e^@JP^CY b pIY ,�./. �FY2�%oCT&^@RX[e_ fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ7DFT&AC>/LKLV^@QO> � AC>/G&>/T&AC>/TCQ f�LO[e_UQO[INMT=��OF�D@>G�gB�B�H�W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W Y�� � ��YF� ,�. / �M� | pk"NMzF>/>PY� Wp�r�pIY�>/QZ ;>/LON � ^CYgajp;k%pIY ,�./. �P^CY\l(_UNMRXG&^@LO[e?]NMT N f Q#¥;N�RX>/QOzFNCAF? f�NMLB>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>?]NMDFLV_U>W[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT3D&?][ITFJB?]QOLONMTFJBRXNMQO[INMTX?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R7?�� �G:':'46HI7-<�7���>E8KB'?'x�;�7��@4 Y � ��Y ,/| ,/| / ,/| �6]Cpk"NMzF>/>PY Wp&r�pIYC>/Q, ;>/LON � ^CY�ajp�k%pIY ,�./. �MSyY�[PHI[IG7AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT7N f QOzF> ,�./. �X=�^@T&AC>/LV?\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>^@T&A3[IQV?�[IRXGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?uf�NML">@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>%?]NMDFLV_U>\RX>@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R�� �CF�H�H�W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�W'1(8�� W'�GA�W Y ��� YP� . � /� , �Cpk"NMQOQONMTyY��;pIY&k;^@RXGF[IHIHINFYCd�pIY%�%>@?O_Vz&^@RXG&?UYFljpIYC>/Q b ^M?]QONMJM[aY� Wp%�BpIY ,�./. �CY b DFGFQODFLO>KzF[e?]QONMLOo7^@T&A?]>/[e?]RXNMQO>@_UQONMTF[e_/?"N f QOzF> ,�./. , c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF[aY&�%[IR7^@He^/oC^%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� >��K358�:'8KB'?'x�;�7��@; Y � �� Y&� | /| , pk"NMQOQONMTyY��;pIY% ;>/LOJM> � x;zF[I>/LOLOoPYFk%pIY&d9^@[e?]QOLO>PYF�;pIYC>/Q%�FD%�CD&?]zF[IR7^CY��BpIYFdc>/QOzFNCAC>jAC>KA cQO>/LORX[IT&^@QO[INMTAC>@?W?]G&>@_UQOLO>@?W^MAF^@GFQFc>@?W^@D�?][IQO>BAF^@T&?WHI>B_/^MACLO>BAC>jHe^3RXNCAC[tsu_/^@QO[INMT9AC>jHe^ b ��[%\Vpb�Cpb_��IY b ^@GFG&NMLOQ[IG&?]T � ACGFLO> � ?]>/LOJPA ./. � �M�CY2 ;DFLO>@^@D�A�`Oc>/nM^@HID&^@QO[INMT AC>@?WLO[e?OZPDF>@?K?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?\G&NMDFLjHe^-?]DFLO>/QFc>XAC>@?W[IT?]QV^@HIHe^@QO[INMT&?\TCD&_UH/c>@^@[ILO>@?UY ,�././. pk"NMQOQONMTyYy�;pIYF>/QKk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFYFd�pIY ,�./. �FYyl%GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT7N f ?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R(?]oCTCQOzF>@?][e?;QONXQOzF>j?]QOD&ACo-N f>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j?]NMDFLV_U> f�LONMR�?]QOLONMTFJ3RXNMQO[INMTXLO>@_UNMLVAF?�� �G:':'46HI7�<�7 ¢ >E8 � ;�7��@4 Y � ��Y ,/| � . / ,/| �@�&pk"NMQOQONMTyY��;pIY�>/Qjk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY&d�pIY ,�./.M| Y�\aTCnP>/LV?][INMT-N f ?]QOLONMTFJ7JMLONMDFT&A�RXNMQO[INMT-[IT9QOzF>�f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoACNMR7^@[IT:�Pl%GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMTBQONjQOzF> ,�./. �3=�^@T&AC>/LV?UYFk;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^W>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W Y%� �� Y� . � ,V/ � . � | pk"NMQOQONMTyYy�;pIY ,�./.M| Y�\aR7^@JM>/LO[I>KAC>jHe^3?]NMDFLV_U>B?][e?]RX[eZPDF>%G&^@LW[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT7AC>@?\RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TCQV? f�NMLOQV?\>/Qc>/QOD&AC>jAC>@?\nM^@LO[e^@QO[INMT&?%AC>j_UNMTCQOLV^@[ITCQO>@?\^M?O?]NC_U[/c>/>@?%^@DFE7?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?��Fx;zyi>@?]>PY'c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQFc>Ma%LO>/TFNMSFHI>M\VYa%LO>/TFNMSFHI>PY&�FLV^@T&_U>Pp
�[��� � � � � � � � � � � ���
k"NMDFQV^@TCQ/Yy�jpIY ,�. ] . Yyr�LONMJMLV^@RXRX>WAC>j?][IR3DFHe^@QO[INMT3TCDFRmc>/LO[eZPDF>Wl%EC[IQOLV^�&=�aG\]xWY(a%LO>/TFNMSFHI>Pp�W^M?UYg[&pIY�>/QBl,�C[aYT�BpIY ,�. �M�PY"�&^@DFHIQBGFHe^@TF> ¥\[IQOz�S&^@LOLO[I>/LV?��"^7nP>/LV?O^@QO[IHI>3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>XRXNCAC>/H�� ��W¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y � ��Y | � | ] /�| �P�@�Cp�W^M?UYC[&pIY">/Q �WNP?]QOLON@n�Y� WpM¡BpIY ,�. ]M�CY, ;LO>@^��C[ITFJ9N f�^�?][ITFJMHI>9^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]o6�"LODFGFQODFLO>-GFLONC_U>@?O?X^@T&A?]>/[e?]RX[e_\LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT=� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y ��� YF�P�P�M� / �P�6]6]Cp�W^M?UY�[&pIYM>/Q��WNP?]QOLON@n�Y Wp�¡BpIY ,�./. �CY'\aTCnP>/LV?][INMT�f�NML;?]>/[e?]RX[e_;?]HI[IGBLV^@QO>K^@T&A3AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMTZ¥\[IQOzX?]QV^��SF[IHI[ � [ITFJ3_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQV?��&l%GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT7QON3QOzF> ,�. ]M�Xl%T&AC>@^@TFN f \]?]He^@T&AF?%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W Y%� Y&�6] ./. / � . , �Fp�W^M?UY'[&pIYM>/QM�WNP?]QOLON@n�Yx Wp�¡BpIY ,�./. �FY%�%[InP>/LV?][IQ]oWN f ?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?�N f QOzF>\GFLONMSFHI>/R�N f >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P> fh^@DFHt�QO[ITFJj[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTypPl%GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT3QON�[C� ¥\^/nP>@? f�NML;QOzF>WJMLO>@^@Q ,�. ] . d9^M_/ZPD&^@LO[I> b [eACJM>W>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x���?'x�; W(vO4�D@39? �gHI4�:�>@3SW �K:�3S>KD�W Y �� Y&� . � / � , ]Cp�W^M?UYC[&pIY">/Q%[PDFz&^MACNMHe_MY\r�pIY ,�./. �CY%�%TmQOzF>-[ITCnP>/LV?]>7GFLONMSFHI>/R f�NMLX>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>-LODFGFQODFLO>M�;x;zF>�W^M?#�P>/HIHt�hQ]oCG&>K?]NMDFLV_U>KRXNCAC>/H�� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y�� � �&Y | �@� | /�| �@�6]Cp�W^/oPY-[&p�d�pIY ,�. ]M�CY�x;zFLO>/> � AC[IRX>/T&?][INMT&^@H"?][IR3DFHe^@QO[INMT9N fw?]G&NMTCQV^@TF>/NMD&?jLODFGFQODFLO>M��x;zF>3> vu>@_UQKN fTFNMTCDFTF[tf�NMLOR GFLO>@?]QOLO>@?O?�� �CF�H�H�W-1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y�����Y , ]6] ,V/ ,�. �M�Cp�%>@?O_Vz&^@RXG&?UY&ljpIY&k"NMDFLOS&NMDFHI>/E�Yy�;pIY�aW^�vu>/Q/Y�[&pIY�=&NMR7^@E�Y&ljpIY%¡W[ILO[I>/DFE�Y } pIY&l%R7^@QONFY&ljpIYFl �/� ^@LV^CYljpIY&k;^M?]QO>/HIHINFY WpIY&k"zF[e^@LV^@SFS&^CYyk%pIY�k"[IRX[ITF[aY�ajp� WpIY&k"NC_/_UNFY&d�pIY%�%[2 ;NMT&^CY&d�pIYFd9^@LOJMzF>/LO[IQO[aY&=�pIYd->/HI>PY��;pIY�[P>/HInM^@JMJM[aY�ajpIY= ;DF[IQOQV^@LO>/HIHI[aY�ajpIY�k"zF[e^@LV^@HID&_U>PYy=�pIY�r�[e_/_U[ITF[aY�jpIY�>/Q b [IG&>/G&>PYyd�pIY��M�M�M�CY[PG&^@QO[IN �hQO>/RXG&NMLV^@H�AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT-N f�?]>/[e?]RX[e_%^M_UQO[InC[IQ]o7ACDFLO[ITFJ3QOzF>=c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>W_ULO[e?][e?UY ,�./. �x���W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�%NMSFLOoPY b pIY�\]ACLO[e?O?UY�\Vp/d�pIYU>/Q��%JFY�Z\pIY ,�. � ]CY��%DFLV^@QO[INMTB_Vz&^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]QO[e_/?&N f zFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@HP_UNMRXG&NMTF>/TCQV?N f�?]QOLONMTFJ �hRXNMQO[INMT7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>KLO>@_UNMLVAF?�� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y ��� Y , ��]P� / ,/| �M�Fp� � [I>�¥;NMT&?#�C[aY�ljp�d�pIY(Z2�F?]QOL��NMR9Y(ajpIY�>/QWd9^@QO>/LOTFN@nF?#�M^/oC^CYy�jpIY&�M�M�M�CY�k">/TCQOLONM[eA��hRXNMRX>/TCQ;QO>/T&?]NML?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&? f�NML } DFHIo�� [P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L/Y ,�./. �x� ��?'x�; W(vO4�D@39? �gHI4�:�>@3SW �K:�3S>KD�WZ2�F?]QOL��NMR9Y�ajpIYMd-NMLO>/HIHI[aY@ljpIY� ;NP?O_VzF[aY Z\pIYM>/Q2� � [I>�¥;NMT&?#�C[aY@ljpMd�pIY ,�./. ]CYCd-NMRX>/TCQ�QO>/T&?]NML;^@T&^@HIoF?][e?N fuQOzF>\_U>/TCQOLV^@H�\aQV^@HIoW>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>\?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>"N f [P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L����W_UQONMS&>/L ,�./. �x� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y� Y ,�. � ,V/ ,�. �/�&p�&^/nCLO>@^@DyY�r�pIY(\aNMTF>@?O_UDyY�\Vp b pIY&>/Qjk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFYFd�pIY ,�././. ^CY��%T�ACoCT&^@RX[e_K?]HI[eAC[ITFJZ¥\[IQOz9LV^@QO> � ^@T&A?]QV^@QO> � AC>/G&>/T&AC>/TCQ f�LO[e_UQO[INMTXHe^�¥%?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W �K:�3SW Y=� � �yY&�P� ,V/ �P� ]Cp�&^/nCLO>@^@DyYMr�pIYMk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY/d�pIY/>/Q-\aNMTF>@?O_UDyY6\Vp b pIY ,�././. SyY�\aTF[IQO[e^@QO[INMTKN f \aT � r�He^@TF>\?]zF>@^@L�[IT&?]QV^@SF[IHI[IQ]oDFT&AC>/LW?]HI[IG � AC>/G&>/T&AF^@TCQ f�LO[e_UQO[INMT=� �CF�H�H�W�; >K7I;�A�W(1(8�� W��GA�W Y � �yY , �6]M� / , � .M| p
� �� �[��� � � � � � � � � � ��F>/[IJMHaY=�Bp�=�pIY-[P>/LOJM>/TCQ/YyljpIY�>/Q } ^M_/Z&YT�jpIY ,�./.M| Y�Z"?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMT9N f ^@T�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>�f�NC_/^@H"RX>@_Vz&^��TF[e?]R f�LONMR ^B?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>%LV^MAF^@L%[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R��Pl%GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMTXQONBQOzF>:�%>@_U>/R3S&>/L��FY ,�./. �X=�^@T&AC>/LV?^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/��� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y ����Y , �M�P� / , �@��]Cp�FLFc>@_VzF>/Q/Y } pIYyx;zFNMDFnP>/TFNMQ/Y��;pIY } >/T&^@QOQONMTyY"=�pIY��%NP^@TFJ9x;zFNMTFJFY�r�pIY�>/Qj�FLONMJMTF>/DFE�Y�d�pIY ,�./. �CY;=&>?Cc>/[e?]RX>3ACDqa%LV^@T&At ;NMLOT&^@T&A�{a�W^@DFQO>%[C^/nPNM[I>M�WACD , �9A;c>@_U>/R3SFLO> ,�./. �G��DFT _UNMDFHI[e?O?O^@JM>7AC>/ECQOLO>AF^@T&?%HI>K?]NC_UHI>j?]DFS&^@HIGF[IT=� jgW*£MW(� �@4�<�W(1 ��7�>�W=�O4�DK7I; Y � � � Y | , � /�| �@�Fp�FLO>/G&NMHI[aY�ljpIYy>/Qjl%R7^@QONFYyljpIY ,�./. �PY;k"NMTCQO>/RXG&NMLO>@^@TF>/NMD&?W>/ECQO>/T&?][INMT ^@T&A�_UNMRXGFLO>@?O?][INMT�[IT�QOzF>�%NMLOQOz7l%G&>/TFTF[ITF>@? f�LONMR�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>wfh^@DFHIQ"GFHe^@TF>K?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W �K:�3SW Y�� �%�yYF�M�6] / �6]6]Cp�FD%�CD&?]zF[IR7^CY �BpIY�>/Q7x�^@T&^��M^CY\xWpIY ,�./. �CY b >/nC[e?]>@A ^@QOQO>/TCD&^@QO[INMTmLO>/He^@QO[INMT�N f G&>@^���zFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@H^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMT-SCo7D&?][ITFJX^3TF>�¥�AF^@QV^3S&^M?]>x� �ODE8@��DE4�A 4�:'<�4�m@;K35DE4��K39;M39?�>L1�>K79A�W�1(8�� W �'4KB'4�: Y ��Y,/, �Cp�FD%�CDFoC^@R7^CY�Z\pIYC>/Q\d-[��CDFRXNFYCxWpIY ,�./. �CY�%oCT&^@RX[e_\LODFGFQODFLO>j^@T&^@HIoF?][e?��C[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�f�NML\QOzF>j?]NMDFLV_U>GFLONC_U>@?O?�N fuQOzF> ,�./. �G\ � D ���W?]zF[IR7^CY } ^@G&^@TyYM>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>W{ad��W�Cp | �/� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y�� � YM� | � . /� | �P�CpaW^@JMTF>/G&^@[IT �a ;>/oCTF>/[IE�Y } pIY&�W^@>@?]HI>/L/Y&�jpIYF>/QWd-NCAC[e^@TFNFY�xWpIY ,�. ]M�CY�x;zF>jGCoCLO>/TF>@^@T7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>jN f�F>/SFLOD&^@LOo7� . Y ,�. ]M����^@T->/EF^@RXGFHI>%N f�_UNMRXGFHI>/E�fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ%� >��K358�:'8KB'?'x�;�7��@; Y �� Y&�P�@� / � . �CpaW^@LVAC[aYMljpIY@k"NC_/_UNFYMd�pIY/�%>/JMLO>@ACNFY@ljpIY [C^@S&^MAC[ITF[aY b pIY/>/Q-[P[ITFJMzyY6[&p��BpIY@�M�M�M�CY��%oCT&^@RX[e_�d-NCAC>/HI[ITFJN f QOzF>j?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[INMT � NMTF>KN f k">/TCQOLV^@Hyd->/EC[e_UN%� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W �K:�3SW Y�� +2+ ���� ��� pa%>/[e?]Q/Y�Z\p�=�pIY�>/Q:�%RXN�¥%?#�M^CY b pIY ,�././. Y�=&NC_/^@H"QV?]DFT&^@RX[e?%^@T&A�AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO>@A9?]HI[IG�^@QWQOzF>3?]NMDFLV_U>x��OF�D@>G�gB�B�H�W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W Y�� '� YF��] | /�| , �Cpa%NCAC> f�LON@oPY;r�pIY\=�^@R3S&>/LOQ/Y } pIY\=&>/nCLO>/Q/Y"ljpIY�>/QZ¡;^M?#�PN@n�Y"r�pIY ,�./. �CY\x;zF>9�FLO>/T&_Vz R7^M_ULONP?]>/[e?]RX[e_AF^@QV^@S&^M?]> � ��[�\ b Z"�GZ � �'�&�M�@T&A_a%>/TF>/LV^@H�lW?O?]>/R3SFHIojN f QOzF>MZg[Fk%Y \^@LV_U>/HINMT&^Cpa%NCAC> f�LON@oPY&r�pIYF>/Q%=&>/nCLO>/Q/YFljpIY ,�./. �CYyk"LO>@^@QO[INMT-^@T&A7R7^@T&^@JM>/RX>/TCQ�N f�^BAF^@QV^@S&^M?]>BAC>@AC[e_/^@QO>@A3QONzF[e?]QONMLO[e_/^@H\^@T&A _UNMTCQO>/RXG&NMLV^@LOo�R7^M_ULONP?]>/[e?]RX[I_U[IQao7[IT �FLV^@T&_U>M��nM^@LO[INMD&?B^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?K[IT�>@^@LOQOz �ZPD&^��P>B>/TFJM[ITF>/>/LO[ITFJFY�[IT b >@_U>/TCQWlWACnM^@T&_U>@?W[IT$Z"^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>�Z�TFJM[ITF>/>/LO[ITFJ7^@T&An[PQOLOD&_UQODFLV^@H��%o��T&^@RX[e_/?��&�%DF>@?]QCZ"AC[IQO[INMT&?UY&r�LO>@?O?]>@?\lW_/^MA;c>/RX[eZPDF>@?Up�W^M^���Y��jp¦�pIYFnM^@T� ;NCAC>/JMLV^/nP>/TyY } p&ljpIY([PHI>/>/R7^@TyY b pIY%¡">/LOS&>/[ILO>/TyY b pIY&l%zFNMLOTF>/L/Y�=�pIY&d->/[eACN�¥KY�jpIY'a%LODFTCQOz&^@HaY'ajpIYC�%NP^@TFJ3xyLONMTFJFYFr�pIYCd-D&?O?]NMTyY b pCd�pIYC�%>/TFTF[aYPr�pIY'[C_VzF>/T%�PN@nM^CY �pIYM>/Q &[IRXN@nM^CYb pIY ,�./.M| Y"x;zF>7R7^M_ULONP?]>/[e?]RX[e_KR7^@G�N fwQOzF> ,�./. � b NP>/LORXNMT&A�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PYyQOzF>7�%>/QOzF>/LOHe^@T&AF?��¢ >E86HI8@��7�>=>K:%o$7 �|:'m@8�F � Y�� �=� � � � YF�M� | / �P�@�Cp�W^@T%�F?UYFxWp&k%pIYC>/Q��K^@T&^@RXNMLO[aYF�jpIY ,�. � . Y�lmRXNMRX>/TCQ�R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>W?O_/^@HI>x� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W%£G>E; W Y ��� Y�M�@��] / �M� | �Cp
�[��� � � � � � � � � � � � � �
�W^@LOQ/Y�Z\px¦�pIY ;LOoC^@TCQ/Y�¦�pCljpIYM>/Q;xyLO>/[IR7^@TyY } pCljpIY ,�./. �CY([PDFL�fh^M_U> fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJj^M?O?]NC_U[e^@QO>@A ¥\[Iz3QOzF>} DFTF> ,�./. �X=�^@T&AC>/LV?%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PY&k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^� j�46HI7 z W ¢ >E86H�W Y ��� Y , � / , �Cp�W^@LOQ � >/HIHaY�[&p;�jpIY;=&[IDyY;r�pIY�>/QXd->/T&ACN � ^CY;k%pIY ,�./. �CY\x;zF> ,�./. � �%NMLOQOzFLO[eACJM>PY\k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^CY�>@^@L��QOz&ZPD&^��P>x��\aTCnP>@?]QO[IJP^@QO[INMT�N f LODFGFQODFLO>-nP>/HINC_U[IQ]oPYyLO[e?]>7QO[IRX>PY�^@T&A zF[IJMz � f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo�LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT=� ��W¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y�� � �&Y&�M�M� . ,V/ �M� , ��]Cp�W^@LOQ � >/HIHaY6[&pP�jpIY/>/Q"�%>@^@QONMTyYMxWpP�jpIY ,�. ]M�CY�\aTCnP>/LV?][INMTjN f ?]QOLONMTFJKJMLONMDFT&ABRXNMQO[INMTB^@T&AjQO>/HI>@?]>/[e?]RX[e_¥\^/nP> f�NMLOR�AF^@QV^ f�NML7QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ7LODFGFQODFLO>�zF[e?]QONMLOomN f�QOzF> ,�. � . \aRXG&>/LO[e^@H,¡;^@HIHI>/oPY\k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^CY>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y� � Y ,/|M| � / ,/| ]M�Fp�W^@LOQ � >/HIHaY�[&p&�jpIY ,�. � ]CY(Z"^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>B^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�F?%^M?Ga%LO>/>@^C`b?�f�DFT&_UQO[INMT&?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y Y ,V/ �Fp�%>@^@QONMTyY�xWpy�jpIY ,�./. �CY-Z�nC[eAC>/T&_U>�f�NMLj^@T&A9[IRXGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?;N f ?]>/Htfe�hzF>@^@HI[ITFJ7?]HI[IG9GFDFHe?]>@?W[IT9>@^@LOQOz �ZPD&^��P>KLODFGFQODFLO>x� ��?'x�; W�vO4�D@39?_4�:'<[�gHI4�:�>@3SW �K:�3SW Y ��� Y ,V/ �M�Cp�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> � Y2 WpIY�k"NMQOQONMTyY"�;pIY�k;^@RXGF[IHIHINFYyd�pIYy>/Q3d9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q/Y2�jpIY ,�./. �PY;l _UNMRXG&^@LO[e?]NMT�S&>/Q��¥;>/>/T-?]zFNMLOQWQO>/LOR�{a_UN � ?]>/[e?]RX[e_@��^@T&A-HINMTFJ3QO>/LOR�{ NMTF>KoP>@^@LU�\?]HI[IG f�NML%QOzF>B=�^@T&AC>/LV?%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x�d->@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQV? f�LONMR�?]QOLONMTFJ�RXNMQO[INMT�^@T&A�[Cl b [ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOo� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y � � Y,/| � . / ,/| ]M�Fp�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> � Y% WpIY&k"NMQOQONMTyY��;pIYF>/QWk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFYCd�pIY ,�././. Y�k"NMTCQOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT7N f LV^MAF^@L%[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOoQON�^�Q#¥;N � ?]QO>/Gm[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT�N f QOzF>��C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_XGFLONC_U>@?O?3N f�QOzF> ,�./. ��=�^@T&AC>/LV?X>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� ��W¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y�� � � Y , �M�6]M� / , �M� .2. p�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> � Y2 WpIY"k"NMQOQONMTyY"�;pIY"k;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY�d�pIY"k"NMDFLOS&NMDFHI>/E�Y"�;pIY"k"NC_/_UNFY"d�pIY�[PQOLV^@RXNMT&ACNFYg[&pIY>/Q=[C_UNMQOQO[aYy�jpIYy�M�M�M�CY b DFGFQODFLO>BzF[e?]QONMLOo9N f QOzF> ,�./. �%c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>3{a_U>/TCQOLV^@H�\aQV^@HIo&�\He^@LOJM>@?]Q>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?�f�LONMR([ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXN f aWrg[&Y��G\aT([Cl b ^@T&A-?]QOLONMTFJ3RXNMQO[INMT7AF^@QV^� , � � �M� } DFTF>B�M�M�M�CY\aTCQO>/LOT&^@QO[INMT&^@H&?O_VzFNPNMHFN f a%>/NMGFzCoF?][e_/?UY , �/QOz7k"NMDFLV?]>x�P�&^@DFHIQ�[ITCQO>/LV^M_UQO[INMTjSCoB?]QOLO>@?O?�QOLV^@T&? f�>/L��MTF>�¥zFNMLO[ � NMT&? f�NML%DFT&AC>/LV?]QV^@T&AC[ITFJ3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>WNC_/_UDFLO>/T&_U>PY'Z�LO[e_U> � [P[e_U[IHIoPYMG&NP?]QO>/L/p�%>/LOLO>/LONFY"ljpIY�>/QZ ;>/LOT&^@LVA�Y"r�pIY ,�./. �FY\l �C[IT\c>/R7^@QO[e_3?]>/Htfe� ?][IRX[IHe^@LjLODFGFQODFLO>7GFLONC_U>@?O?�f�NML3>@^@LOQOz �ZPD&^��P>@?�� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y ��� Y , � , � / , �M�6]Fp�%NP^@TFJKxyLONMTFJFY@r�pIY/>/Q b NMDFHe^@T&A�Y��jpIY ,�. � , YPdc>@_/^@TF[e?]RX>�^@D f�N@oP>/LyACDj?Cc>/[e?]RX>"A�`bl%LO>/QOQO>PYUr�oCLFc>/T\c>/>@? �l\QOHe^@TCQO[eZPDF>@?�� jgW*£MW(� �@4�<�W(1 � W*�O4�DK7I; Y � �����p�%NMD&?]TF>/L/YCajp�¦�pIY ,�. � , YKk;^@He_UDFHe^@QO[ITFJ�QOzF>-LO>@?]G&NMT&?]>�N f�^@TmNP?O_U[IHIHe^@QONMLXQON�^@LOSF[IQOLV^@LOo�JMLONMDFT&ARXNMQO[INMT=� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y � �&Y , �P� / , � . p�%D&ACTCDFQ/Y�Bp¦�pIY ;NC_/��Y �BpIY&k"HI[ITF>PYCd�pIYF�&^@TFJFY�r�pIYF�F>/TFJFY �BpIYF�FLO>/oCR3DF>/H�HI>/L/Y } pIY(a%>PY�dBpIY�a%LONP?O?UY¦�p2�BpIY } ^M_/�F?]NMTyY2�jpIY2�W[IR9Y�d�pIYT�W[ITFJFY��jp�Z\pIY�=�^@TFJMS&>/[ITyY } pIY"=�^@LV?]>/TyY�[&p"k%pIY�=&[e?]N�¥%?#�C[aY�d�pIY
� � � �[��� � � � � � � � � � �[PzF>/TyY��p%�BpIY�[PnM^@LV_MY } pIYP>/Q &z&^@TFJFY } pIY ,�./. �FY�k"N � ?]>/[e?]RX[e_%AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?�N f QOzF> ,�./. �X=�^@T&AC>/LV?>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>x� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y ��� Y&�M� | / �@� | p�%DFT&?]QV^MA�Y�\VpIYPl%T � [eAC>/[aY@d�pIYCk"NC_/_UNFYCd�pIYx \^@HeAC[aYMr�pIY�aW^@HInM^@TF[aYCljpIY@>/Q;r�>@?O_U[aYMljpIY ,�././. YCd-NCAC>/HIHI[ITFJ_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_7AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQBACDFLO[ITFJ�QOzF> ,�./. �nc%R3SFLO[e^g��d9^@LV_VzF>7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>�{a_U>/TCQOLV^@HG\aQV^@HIo&�/�¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W �K:�3SW Y=� � �yY&�6]M� / � .M| p\]AC>PY�[&pIYF>/QWx�^��P>/NFY�d�pIY ,�./. �CY�x;zF>BACoCT&^@RX[e_WLODFGFQODFLO>jGFLONC_U>@?O?%N f QOzF> ,�./. � �WD&?]zF[ILON ���,�C[�>@^@L��QOz&ZPD&^��P>x� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W Y�� � �&Y | �M� ,V/�| �P� | p\aLO[��CDFLV^CY�BpIY ,�. ]M�CY�[P>/RX[t�h>/R3GF[ILO[I_/^@HF>@?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMTXN f�?]QOLONMTFJ3JMLONMDFT&A-RXNMQO[INMT&?\ACDFLO[ITFJBHe^@LOJM>j>@^@L��QOz&ZPD&^��P>x� �CF�H�H�W �M7I;�4 ; W��OD@>�� W�£G>E; W �K:�;K3SW*¤ �Mx686358 �-:'7�� W Y �� Y&�M� / , �@�Fp} N@oCTF>/L/Y= WpIY�>/Q@ ;NPNMLO>PYyd�pIY ,�. ] , Y�r�>@^��9zFNMLO[ � NMTCQV^@H"^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMT�^@T&A�nP>/HINC_U[IQ]o f�LONMR�?]QOLONMTFJ �RXNMQO[INMT7LO>@_UNMLVAF?;[IT&_UHID&AC[ITFJjLO>@_UNMLVAF?�f�LONMR QOzF> ,�. � . \aRXG&>/LO[e^@H¡;^@HIHI>/oPYFk;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^CYF>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x��CF�H�H�W-1�>K7I;�A�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y����&Y&�M� ,/,V/ �M�M�6]Cp�K^��P>/zF[aY �BpIY�\aLO[��CDFLV^CY��BpIYU>/Q��%NP?]zF[IS&^CY@�jpIY ,�./. �CY6Z"?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMTWN f zF[IJMz � f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo,¥\^/nP>�LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT^@LO>@^M?7NMT�QOzF> fh^@DFHIQ7GFHe^@TF>9N f�QOzF> ,�./.M| �%oPNMJMN � �P>/T��W^@R3SFD�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>9SCo�QOzF>9>/TCnP>/HINMG&>[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXN f�^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMT7?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R7?�� ��W���?'x�; W(vO4�D@39? Y ��� Y | � | /�| , �Pp�K^��P>/zF[aY��BpIY&>/QM\aLO[��CDFLV^CY��BpIY ,�./. �CY-Z"?]QO[IR7^@QO[INMT-N f zF[IJMz � f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoP¥\^/nP>jLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT�^@LO>@^M?WNMTQOzF> fh^@DFHIQ\GFHe^@TF>jSCoXQOzF>K>/TCnP>/HINMG&>K[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTXN f�^M_/_U>/HI>/LV^@QO[INMT7?]>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R7?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W �K:�3SW Y� � Y�] . � / . �M�Cp�K^@T&^@RXNMLO[aYP�jpIYMx;zF[INFYP�jp��BpIYx�%LO>/JM>/L/Y��jpIYP�W^@D%�F?O?]NMTyY�Z\pIY@>/Q"�%>@^@QONMTyYPxWpIY ,�./. �CY�\aTF[IQO[e^@HC[ITCnP>@?]QO[t�JP^@QO[INMT7N f QOzF>j=�^@T&AC>/LV?%k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>%N f �6] } DFTF> ,�./. �BD&?][ITFJBxy>/LOLV^M?O_UNMG&>x� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y=��yY&�M�M�P� / �M�P�@�Cp�K^@T&^@RXNMLO[aY��jpIY&>/QLa%[InP>/TyY } p�¦�pIY ,�. ] , Y�cW?]>BN f�HINMTFJ �hG&>/LO[INCA�?]DFL�fh^M_U>@¥\^/nP>@? f�NMLWLV^@GF[eA9AC>/QO>/L��RX[IT&^@QO[INMTXN f >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j?]NMDFLV_U>KG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?�� ��?'x�; W(vO4�D@39? �gHI4�:�>@3SW��K:�3S>KDK798�DE; Y ���Y�] / � , p�K^@T&^@RXNMLO[aY/�jpIYU>/Q�[PQO>�¥\^@LOQ/Y6ajp6[&pIY ,�. � ]CY�[P>/[e?]RXNMHINMJM[e_/^@HM^M?]G&>@_UQV?�N f QOzF>Oa%D&^@QO>/R7^@He^">@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>N f��F>/SFLOD&^@LOoX�FY ,�. �@�� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y � � Y&�@�P�P� / �@�P�@�Fp�K^@LOT�c` ��YG¡BpIY ,�. � . YM[P>/[e?]RX[e_U[IQao�N f�QOzF>nZ�DFLONMG&>@^@T�l%LO>@^�G�jp b >/[eAC>/HWr�DFSFHI[e?]zF[ITFJmk"NMRXG&^@TCoPY�%NMLVACLO>@_VzCQ/Y&�%NMHIHe^@T&A�p�K^�¥\^��M^@QV?]DyYF�jpIY ,�./.M| YFl%DFQONMR7^@QO>@AjTF>@^@L��hLO>@^@HIQO[IRX>%k;d9x [ITCnP>/LV?][INMT=� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y ����Y� | � . / � | �M�Cp�W>/TFTF>/QOQ/Y Wp�=�pIY&>/Q,�W>/LOLOoPY&�jp } pIY ,�. � . Y�[P>/[e?]RX[e_G¥\^/nP>@?;[IT9^3?]QOLV^@QO[ts >@A7z&^@Htf ?]G&^M_U>x� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W��W�£MW(�C;K35D�W�1(8�� W Y ��Y |M| � /�| ]M�Cp
�[��� � � � � � � � � � � � ���W>/TFTF>/QOQ/Y� Wp@=�pIY ,�. ]M�CY�[P>/[e?]RX[e_=¥\^/nP>"GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMTB[ITj?]QOLV^@QO[ts >@AWRX>@AC[e^�/k;^@R3SFLO[eACJM>�c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQ]or�LO>@?O?UY&�%>�¥ �"NMLE��p�WNP?]QOLON@n�Y Wp%¡BpIYP>/Q,�W^M?UY�[&pIY ,�. ]6]CYyr�LO[IT&_U[IGFHI>@?�N f >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>K?]NMDFLV_U>jRX>@_Vz&^@TF[e_/?��Ck;^@R3SFLO[eACJM>c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQ]o3r�LO>@?O?UY&�%>�¥ �"NMLE��p�WNP?]QOLON@n�Y% Wp�¡BpIY ,�. �M�CY'c%T&?]QO>@^MACo3GFLONMG&^@JP^@QO[INMT7N f HINMTFJM[IQOD&AC[IT&^@H�?]zF>@^@L\_ULV^M_/�F?�� ��W��gB�B�H�W�o$4639?�Won>��@?�W Y �� Y | ,/,V/�| ,�. p� �NMnP>@?]HI[IJM>/QOzCoPY b pIY ,�. �P�PY�[P>/[e?]RX[e?O_VzF>/L�[PQ��^@LE�P>/JMLV^MAKDFT&A=\aTCQO>/T&?][IQ��^@Q�AC>/L2 ;>/S&>/T=� ¢ >KD@HI4�:'< ; �G>K7�35D�W¢ >E8KB'?�W Y � p=�^M_VzF>/Q/YFk%pIY ,�./. �CY&�%S&?]>/LOnM^@QO[INMT7AC>@?�?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�>/T3RX[IHI[I>UDFEWDFLOS&^@[IT&?��Cdc>/QOzFNCAC>@?;?][IRXGFHI>@?�A�`Oc>/QOD&AC>AC>@?;> vu>/QV?\AC>K?][IQO>W>/Q\AC>j?][IR3DFHe^@QO[INMT3AC>@?;RXNMDFnP>/RX>/TPQV? f�NMLOQV?��&x;zyi>@?]>PY'c%TF[InP>/LV?][IQFc>%AC>Ma%LO>/TFNMSFHI>PY�FLV^@T&_U>Pp=�^@R3S&>/LOQ/Y } pIY ;>/LOT&^@LVA�YPr�pIYCk � [IQOLONMR9Y�ajpIYx�%DFSF[/c>PY } p � �BpIY�a%NCAC> f�LON@oPYCr�pIYP>/Q;=&>/nCLO>/Q�� l%HIS&^@LO>/Q/YPljpIY,�./. �PYy=&>@?;QOLO>/R3SFHI>/R3>UTCQV?�AC>WQO>/LOLO>W>/T7�FLV^@T&_U>PpC�%[I>/L/YC^@D ��NMDFLVA�` zCDF[aYFAC>/R7^@[IT=��Z"AC[IQO[INMT&?� b aWd�Y�FLV^@T&_U>Pp=�^@R3S&>/LOQ/Y } pIY�>/Q7=&>/nCLO>/Q�� l%HIS&^@LO>/Q/Y"ljpIY ,�./. �CY%d-[IHIHI>-^@T&?XAC>9?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?j>/Tm��LV^@T&_U>Pp\k;^@QV^@HINMJMDF>A�`Oc>/GF[e_U>/TCQOLO>@?��PG&^@LV^@R9i>/QOLO>@?">/Q\LFc> f c>/LO>/T&_U>@?��&�%DF>@?]QCZ"AC[IQO[INMT&?UY&r�LO>@?O?]>@?\lW_/^MA;c>/RX[eZPDF>@?UYP�W^@TCQO>@?Up=�^/oPY\xWpIY;>/QP�K^@T&^@RXNMLO[aY;�jpIY ,�. ] | Y%l%T�^M?]G&>/LO[IQ]o�RXNCAC>/H%N f JMLO>@^@Q7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� vO4�D@39?'p�F�4���>�OD@>E<�7��K35798�:x¤-o$4�F�DK7��K>Cv �-79:6��1�>KDK7�>E; Y � Y | � . /�|/. �Cp=�^/oPYFxWpIYC>/Q�¦�^@HIHe^M_U>PYCxWp&k%pIY ,�./.M| Y&d-NCAC>/LOT7JMHINMS&^@H�?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJMo��PlW_/^MAC>/RX[e_;GFLO>@?O?UY�[C^@TU�%[I>/JMNFp=&>@�FNMLOQ/Y�r�pIY ,�. � | Y"�%[IR7^@He^/oC^���x;zF>7_UNMHIHI[eAC>@A9LV^@TFJM>Pp�r�LO>@?]>/TCQ@�CTFN�¥\HI>@ACJM>XN f QOzF>7_UNMTCQO[ITF>/TCQV^@H^@LV_�� �GA�W ��W(1 ��7�W Y � �� � �-Y ,V/ �M�Fp=&>/nCLO>/Q/YyljpIY� \^M_/�P>PY } p�k%pIY�>/Qjk"D&?]zF[ITFJFYyd�pIY ,�./. �FY�l\QOHe^M?%N f�R7^M_ULONP?]>/[e?]RX[e_%R7^@G&? f�NMLj�FLO>/T&_Vz>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?�¥\[IQOz7QOzF>/[IL\GFLO[IT&_U[IG&^@Hy_Vz&^@LV^M_UQO>/LO[e?]QO[e_/?�� uL4635F�DE46H �L4 l�4�DE< ; Y� � Y ,�. / �P�Cp=&[IDyY"r�p"k%pIY"�W^@LOQ � >/HIHaY�[&pIY�>/Q�[PQO>/GFzF>/T&?]NMTyY2¦�pIY ,�./.M| Y;�%NMTFHI[ITF>@^@LjR3DFHIQO[IG&^@LV^@RX>/QO>ULW[ITCnP>/LV?][INMTD&?][ITFJ9^XzCoCSFLO[eA-JMHINMS&^@H\?]>@^@LV_Vz�^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR �yl%GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT9[IT9LO>�� >@_UQO[INMT�?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJMo�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W��W �K:�3SW Y=� ����Y ./. ,V/ , �M�M�Cp=&NMR7^@E�Y;ljpIY">/Q%[PTF[I>@AC>/L/Y b pIY ,�./. �FY%��[IT&AC[ITFJ ?]>/QV?3N f�^M_/_U>/GFQV^@SFHI>9?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?Z¥\[IQOz�^�JM>/TF>/QO[e_^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFR ¥\[IQOz�^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT�QON-?]DFL�fh^M_U>Z¥\^/nP>BJMLONMDFG AC[e?]G&>/LV?][INMT�[IT$Z�DFLONMG&>x� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W=£G>E; Ww >@3�3SW Y ���&Y&�M� , � / �M�M�M�Cp=&oPNMT ��k;^@>/TyY&�jpIYP>/Q\d-NMHIT&^@L/YFr�pIY ,�. ]M�CY�k"NMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQV?;NMT7QOzF>K?]QOLOD&_UQODFLO>WN f QOzF>K�%[IR7^@He^/oC^M? f�LONMR^@T�^@T&^@HIoF?][e?%N f JMLV^/nC[IQ]o-^@TFNMR7^@HI[I>@?%^@T&A�^ � >/ECDFLV^@H�RXNCAC>/H�N f�HI[IQOzFNP?]GFzF>/LO>x� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W=£G>E; W Y��� Y�] , � ,V/ ] ,�. , p
� � � �[��� � � � � � � � � � �d9^CY�BpP�;pIYx�K^@T&^@RXNMLO[aYP�jpIY@>/QO[C^@QV^��P>PYx�BpIY ,�././. YFd->@_Vz&^@TF[e?]R�N f QOzF> ,�. � | �K^@He^@G&^@T&^CYC�W^�¥\^@[I[aY>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>K[IT f�>/LOLO>@A�f�LONMR QV?]DFT&^@RX[�AF^@QV^� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y�� � � Y , � ,/| � / , � , �P�Cpd9^MAF^@LO[e^@JP^CY b pIY ,�. �@�CY%�%oCT&^@RX[e_"N f ^@T3>/ECG&^@T&AC[ITFJj_U[ILV_UDFHe^@L fh^@DFHIQ�� �CF�H�H�W(; >K7I;�A�W�1(8�� W'�GA�W Y ��� Y�M� . / �M�M�Cpd9^MAF^@LO[e^@JP^CY b pIY ,�. �M�PY&�%[IJMz � f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UojLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT f�LONMR!_ULV^M_/�X{a?]QOLO>@?O?;ACLONMG���RXNCAC>/He?�N f >@^@LOQOz �ZPD&^��P> fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ%� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W�£MW(�C;K35DE8�:�W(1(8�� W Y �&Y&�M� | / � | , pd9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q/Y2�jpIY b NP?O?][aY�d�pIY�k;^@LORXNMT&^CY�k%pIY�lWACLV^@JMT&^CY��;pIYyr�>/HIQ � >/L/Y�ajpIYy�F>/[IJMHaY=�Bp�=�pIY�>/Q b ^��S&^@DFQO>PY;xWpIY ,�./. �CY\x;zF>9AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ s >/HeA�N f QOzF>�=�^@T&AC>/LV?3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>-R7^@GFG&>@A�SCo LV^MAF^@L[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOo�� uL4635F�D@> Y � ��� Y , �6] / , �P�Cpd9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q/Y6�jpIY\�F>/[IJMHaY��BpW=�pIY b NP?O?][aY%d�pIY;>/Q-lWACLV^@JMT&^CY%�;pIY ,�./. �FY b ^MAF^@L7[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLO[e_R7^@GFGF[ITFJWN f AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMTj[IT3QOzF>\oP>@^@L"^�f�QO>/L"QOzF>K=�^@T&AC>/LV?�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� uL4635F�D@> Y � � �yYC�M�P� / �M�M�Cpd9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q/Y2�jpIY�x;z&^@QV_VzF>/L/Y�¦�pIYy>/Q@¡;^MACNMTyY��jpIY ,�./. �CYM�%>/QO>@_UQO[INMT�N f G&NP?]QV?]>/[e?]RX[e_ fh^@DFHIQ�� � NMTF>_UNMHIHe^@G&?]> f�NMHIHIN�¥\[ITFJBQOzF>B=�^@T&AC>/LV?\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� uL4635F�D@> Y � � ��Y&� , � / � , �Cpd9^M?O?]NMTFTF>/Q/Y�jpIYM>/Q"�F>/[IJMHaY��BpC=�pIY ,�./. ]CY b ^MAF^@L;[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOoW^@T&AB[IQV?�^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT3QONj_Vz&^@TFJM>@?[IT7QOzF>K>@^@LOQOzy`b?\?]DFL�fh^M_U>x� £G>�� W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W Y � � YF�M� ,V/�| �M�Cpd9_ a%DF[ILO>PY b p%�BpIYC>/Q, \^@LOTFz&^@LVA�Y&xWp&r�pIY ,�. � . Y�x;zF>KD&?]> f�DFHITF>@?O?;N f JMLONMDFT&A7RXNMQO[INMT7ACDFLV^@QO[INMT7[ITGFLO>@AC[e_UQO[INMT3N f ?]>/nP>/LO[IQ]oKN f ?]>/[e?]RX[e_;?]z&^��C[ITFJ%� 1�>��@8�:'< ��1%uL4635798�:'46H-j�8�:Vz >KD@>K: �K>L8�:�vO4�D@39?'p�F�4���>vO:6��79:�>@>KDK79:6��¤O1�354�:Vz|8�DE< YCG&^@JM>@?W� , � / �@�M�Cpd->@ACnP>@AC>/n�Y([&pIY�[PG&NMTFzF>/DF>/L/Y�Z\pIY&>/Q:�K^@LOTF[���Y¡BpIY ,�. �M�CY�\aTCQO>/T&?][IQ]o7?O_/^@HI>jN f >@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x�(\aTCQO>/L��T&^@QO[INMTFT&^@H-c%TF[INMT7N f a%>/NCAC>@?]o7^@T&A_a%>/NMGFzCoF?][e_/?UY'dL\E\E\;k"NMT f�>/LO>/T&_U>PY% ;>/LE�P>/HI>/oPpd->/[eACN�¥KY@�jpIYU>/Q�l%zFNMLOTF>/L/Y@=�pIY ,�./.M| YPd9^M_ULONP?]>/[e?]RX[e_y> vu>@_UQV?�[IT=a%>/LOR7^@TCo%N f QOzF> ,�./. � b NP>/LORXNMT&A>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j^@T&A7QOzF>/[IL;[ITCQO>/LOGFLO>/QV^@QO[INMT=� ¢ >E86HI8@��7�>=>K:%o$7 �|:'m@8�F � Y�� �=� � � � YF�P� ,V/ �6] . pd->/T&ACN � ^CYFk%pIYC�W^@LOQ � >/HIHaY�[&pIYM>/Q;d-NMT f�LO>/oPYPxWpIY ,�./. �FY¦m[eAC> �hS&^@T&A3^@T&^@HIoF?][e?"N f QOzF>W�KR7^@LV_Vz ,�. ] |k">/TCQOLV^@Hyk"zF[IHI[F>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>M�@N@nP>/LV^@HIH&?]NMDFLV_U>%GFLONC_U>@?O?"^@T&A3LODFGFQODFLO>\zF[e?]QONMLOo�� �CF�H�H�W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W�GA�W Y�� � Y&� |M| / �M� . pd-[e_VzF>/HaY b pIYyl%nPNMD&^M_MY } p � r�pIY�>/QKx�^@S&NMDFLOoPY } pIY ,�././. Y�d->@^M?]DFLO[ITFJ7JMLONMDFT&A�AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV? f�LONMR[Cl b ^@RXGFHI[IQOD&AC>\[IR7^@JM>@?��P^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT3QONKQOzF>K=�^@T&AC>/LV?;>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W%£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y � � Y]P� | / ]P� ]Cpd-[��CDFRXNFYFxWpIY&�%[ILV^@z&^@LV^CY�BpIYF>/Q%d-[IoC^@QV^��P>PYFxWpIY ,�. ]P�PY=�%oCT&^@RX[e_/^@Hufh^@DFHIQ\LODFGFQODFLO>jGFLONC_U>@?O?]>@?\[ITzF>/QO>/LONMJM>/TF>/NMD&?\RX>@AC[e^� >��K358�:'8KB'?'x�;�7��@; YT� ��� Y ,�. / �M�Cp
�[��� � � � � � � � � � � � �
d-[��CDFRXNFYMxWpIY'[P[ITFJMzyY�[&p�BpIYM>/QO[C^@TCQON@oPNFYCd�pPljpIY ,�././. YFlmG&NP?O?][ISFHI>W?]QOLO>@?O?"[ITCQO>/LV^M_UQO[INMTBS&>/Q#¥;>/>/THe^@LOJM>�QOzFLOD&?]Q-^@T&AmTFNMLOR7^@Ht� fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?X[ITmQOzF>�d->/EC[e_/^@Tm?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[INMT � NMTF>x� �CF�H�H�W1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y � �yY , � , ] / , �P�P�Ppd-[��CDFRXNFYCxWpIY([C^@TCQON@oPNFY&d�pFljpIYC>/QG[P[ITFJMzyY�[&p%�BpIY&�M�M�M�CY��%oCT&^@RX[e_%LODFGFQODFLO>j^@T&A-?]QOLO>@?O?%_Vz&^@TFJM>[IT�^XTFNMLOR7^@H fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>B[IT9QOzF>X?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[ITFJ9k"NC_UNP?KGFHe^@QO>x� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W �K:�3SW Y2� � � Y� ,/,V/ �M�M�Cpd-[IoC^@QV^��P>PY�xWpIY ,�./. �CY b >@_UNMT&?]QOLOD&_UQO[INMT9N f ACoCT&^@RX[e_jLODFGFQODFLO>BGFLONC_U>@?O?KN f ^@T�>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>[¥\[IQOz_UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQV?\N f_�C[ITF>/R7^@QO[e_\G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y���yY&�@� . / � | �Cpd-NMHIT&^@L/Y�r�pIYF>/Q%x�^@GFG&NMTF[I>/L/Y�r�pIY ,�. � | Y�xy>@_UQONMTF[e_/?\N f�lW?][e^���k"NMT&?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?%^@T&A7[IRXGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT3N f^3_UNMTCQO[ITF>/TCQV^@Hy_UNMHIHI[e?][INMT=� 1 ��7�>K: �K> YT� � �yYF� ,�. / �P�M�Cpd-NMTCQONMTF>PYPr�pIYPl%R7^@QONFY@ljpIYM�FLO>/G&NMHI[aYMljpIYMd9^@LO[ID&_/_U[aYMd�pMxWpIYM>/Q;k">@?O^@LONFYPd�pIY ,�./. �PY&k"LOD&?]QV^@H&?]QOLO>@?O?LO>/JM[IRX>%[IT�\aQV^@HIo�� �G:':'46HI7g<�7 ¢ >E8 � ;�7��@4 Y�� � ��� Y&�/� ,V/ � | �Pp�W^��M^@z&^@LV^CYF�jpIYP�%[e?]zF[IR3DFLV^CYMxWpIY�[C^@QONFYF�jpIY@>/Q\�%zCQV^��P>PYPd�pIY ,�./. ]CY�[P>/[e?]RXNMJMLV^@R�>/TCnP>/HINMG&>\[ITCnP>/L��?][INMTgf�NML\QOzF>j?]G&^@QO[e^@H�AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT7N f zF[IJMz � f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoX>/TF>/LOJMo3LV^MAC[e^@QO[INMTgf�LONMR QOzF>K>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>fh^@DFHIQ=�Cl%GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMTjQONKQOzF> ,�././. ��fh^@L">@^M?]Q"N v{[C^@TFLO[��CD3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PY } ^@G&^@T=� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W Y� �� Y�] |M| / ]M�P�Pp�%[aY } pIY�>/Q: \^@LV^@T � ^@TFJM[aY�d�pIY ,�. ]@�FY�[P>/[e?]RXNMQO>@_UQONMTF[e_/?\N f QOzF>BzF[IR7^@He^/oC^@T9_UNMHIHI[e?][INMT � NMTF>M��a%>/N �RX>/QOLOo7N f�QOzF>BDFT&AC>/LOQOzFLOD&?]QO[ITFJ7[IT&AC[e^@T9GFHe^@QO>jS&>/TF>@^@QOz�QOzF>3�%[IR7^@He^/oC^� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W=£G>E; W Y � �yY,/, �C� / ,/, �M�Fp�,�M^MAF^CY�BpIY ,�. ] | YO[PDFL�fh^M_U>-AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�ACDF>7QON�?]zF>@^@LX^@T&A QO>/T&?][IHI> fh^@DFHIQV?j[IT�^9z&^@Htfe� ?]G&^M_U>x��CF�H�H�W-1�>K7I;�A�W(1(8�� W��GA�W Y�� Y ,/, � | / ,/,/| �Fp�,�M^MAF^CY �BpIY ,�./. �CY�\aTCQO>/LOT&^@H\AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT�ACDF>XQON�?]zF>@^@L3^@T&A�QO>/T&?][IHI>�fh^@DFHIQV?K[IT ^-z&^@Htfe� ?]G&^M_U>x��CF�H�H�W-1�>K7I;�A�W(1(8�� W��GA�W Y � ��Y , � , ] / , �@�C�Cp�%HI[InC[I>/LO[aY&d�pIY&>/QLZ2�F?]QOL��NMR9Y�ajpIY ,�././. Y b DFGFQODFLO>Z�%>/GFQOz&?K^@T&An[PNMDFLV_U>Xr�LONC_U>@?O?]>@?WN f QOzF> ,�./. � �,�./. ]�Z"^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>=[P>@ZPDF>/T&_U>W[IT9k">/TCQOLV^@H�\aQV^@HIo�� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y � �yY&�M� | / � , �Cp�%He?]>/TyY=�Bp� WpIY�d9^MAF^@LO[e^@JP^CY b pIY&>/QKl%LV_VzCDFHI>/QV^CY b p } pIY ,�./. �PY�x;zFLO>/> � AC[IRX>/T&?][INMT&^@H�ACoCT&^@RX[e_j?][t�R3DFHe^@QO[INMTXN f QOzF> ,�./. �7=�^@T&AC>/LV?\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� 1 ��7�>K: �K> Y �� � Y�]M�@� / ]M�6]Cp�%He?]NMTyY�ljp��jpIY�>/QBl%T&AC>/LV?]NMTyY } p�ajpIY ,�. ]6]CY�\aRXGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?\N f\f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_Uo�� ACNMR7^@[IT9[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT9N f>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>"JMLONMDFT&AjRXNMQO[INMT f�NML�LO>@?]NMHInC[ITFJ\QOzF>\?]G&^M_U> �hQO[IRX>"AC>/G&>/T&AC>/T&_U>"N fu?]HI[IGKNMTB^@TB>/ECQO>/T&AC>@Afh^@DFHIQ�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W ��W Y� � YF�M�P� / � |M| p�%He?]NMTyY�ljp&�jpIYC>/QWl%G&?]>/HaY b p } pIY ,�. ]M�CYy��[ITF[IQO>wfh^@DFHIQW^@T&A7[ITCnP>/LV?]>WQOzF>/NMLOoP¥\[IQOz9^@GFGFHI[e_/^@QO[INMT&?;QONQOzF> ,�. � . \aRXG&>/LO[e^@H¡;^@HIHI>/o3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y�����Y ,�. � . / �M�M� , p
� � � �[��� � � � � � � � � � �� � ^�¥\^CY-[&pIY�d-DFLV^��M^@RX[aY�d�pIYy�FD ��[�¥\^@LV^CY-[&pIY�>/QjxyNMSF[IQV^CY�d�pIY ,�./. �PYg[PoCTCQOzF>/QO[e_B^@G&>/LOQODFLO>3LV^MAF^@L[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMJMLV^@R�N f QOzF> ,�./.M| �WNMS&>->@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>-^@T&A [IQV?jJM>/NCAC>/QO[e_7[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT=� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; WM£G>E; Ww >@3�3SW Y � � Y&�CYb�M�P� / �CYb�M�M�Cpr�^@G&^@JM>/NMLOJM[INMDyYWljpC[&pIY;>/Q-l,�C[aY��BpIY ,�. ]M�CY%l�?]G&>@_U[tsu_-S&^@LOLO[I>/LXRXNCAC>/Hwf�NML7QOzF>�ZPD&^@TCQO[IQV^@QO[InP>AC>@?O_ULO[IGFQO[INMT-N f�[ITFzFNMRXNMJM>/TF>/NMD&? fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJX^@T&A-QOzF>BQOzF>jGFLO>@AC[e_UQO[INMT-N f ?]QOLONMTFJ7JMLONMDFT&A-RXNMQO[INMTyYr�^@LOQG\�%�%>@?O_ULO[IGFQO[INMT7N f QOzF>KRXNCAC>/H�� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y�� � Y&� . � / �@�M�Cpr�^@G&^ � ^M_VzFNP?UY% WpCk%pIYPr�^@G&^@[e^@TFTFNMDyYFk%pCljpIYMd9^@LOJP^@LV?UY¡BpP�jpIY@>/Q;x;zF>/NCACDFHI[eAC[e?UYP�jpIY ,�./. �CY�[P>/[e?]RX[e_z&^ � ^@LVA7^M?O?]>@?O?]RX>/TCQ;[IT�a%LO>/>@_U>%S&^M?]>@AXNMT7?]QOLONMTFJ3RXNMQO[INMTXACDFLV^@QO[INMT=� >K:�39?�s�8�D@HI<%j�8�:Vz >KD@>K: �K>8�:%vO4�D@39?'p�F�4���>LvO:6��79:�>@>KDK79:6��¤go$4�<�DK79< Y ��YF�P� | / �P�M�Cpr�^/nC[e_MY b pIY��WNMHIHI>/L/Y�d�p�ajpIY= \^@LVA�Yyr�p � �BpIYF>/Qj=�^M_/^/nP> ��=�^M_VzF>/Q/Y�k%pIY��M�M�M�CY�a%LONMDFT&A9RXNMQO[INMT-GFLO> �AC[e_UQO[INMT�¥\[IQOz�QOzF>3>/RXGF[ILO[e_/^@H�a%LO>/>/Ty`b?wf�DFT&_UQO[INMT�QO>@_VzFTF[eZPDF>M�yl%T�^M?O?]>@?O?]RX>/TCQWN f DFT&_U>/LOQV^@[ITCQO[I>@?^@T&A-_UNMT suAC>/T&_U>KHI>/nP>/H�� ��W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�W Y � Y |/. / �M�Ppr�>/HIQ � >/L/Y�ajpIY��%D&ACTCDFQ/Y��Bp�¦�pIY&>/QK�F>/[IJMHaY��Bp�=�pIY ,�./. �FY�l%T&^@HIoF?][e?\N f _UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_K?]DFL�fh^M_U>3AC[e?]GFHe^��_U>/RX>/TCQ�JMLV^MAC[I>/TCQV?;D&?][ITFJBLV^MAF^@L\[ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOo��M�%>�¥m[IT&?][IJMzCQV?"[ITCQONjQOzF>j=�^@T&AC>/LV?\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x���W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y%��yY&� , Y . � ,V/ � , Y . ] , pr�>/HIQ � >/L/Y'ajpIY b NP?]>/TyY&r�pIY b NMJM> � Y&�;pIYC>/Q\�%D&ACTCDFQ/Y%�Bp%¦�pIY ,�./. �CY�r�NP?]QV?]>/[e?]RX[e_\LO>/S&NMDFT&A7[IT fh^@DFHIQ?]QO>/G �hN@nP>/LV?\_/^@D&?]>@A7SCo3G&NMLO> � DF[eA � N�¥:� 1 ��7�>K: �K> Y �� � Y , �M�M� / , �M�@�&pr�[ITFNFYy�jp�ljpIY&d9^ �/� ^CY�[&pIY&>/Q6 ;NP?O_VzF[aY�Z\pIY ,�././. Y b DFGFQODFLO>BAC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]o3N f�QOzF>BR7^���NML%?]zFNC_/�F?%[ITQOzF> ,�./. ��c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>B{]k">/TCQOLV^@H�\aQV^@HIo&�\?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U> f�LONMR(LO>/JM[INMT&^@H�SFLONP^MACS&^@T&A�¥\^/nP> f�NMLOR7?��¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y�� � Y&� , � ,V/ � , �@�Fpr�[ITFNFYM�jp@ljpIYU>/Q�d9^ �/� ^CY6[&pIY@�M�M�M�CYPx;zF>gc%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>;{]k">/TCQOLV^@H'\aQV^@HIo&�F>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?��/LO>/He^@QO[INMTS&>/Q#¥;>/>/T7LODFGFQODFLO>jAC[ILO>@_UQO[InC[IQ]oB^@T&A-?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>W>/nPNMHIDFQO[INMT f�NML\QOzF>B��� �m| ?]zFNC_/�F?�� ��W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�W� DF[ITyY;�jpIY ,�./. �CYG�%oCT&^@RX[e_7?]QOLO>@?O?3ACLONMG�^@T&A�LODFGFQODFLO>9ACoCT&^@RX[e_/?jN f QOzF>��W_UQONMS&>/L ,/| Y ,�. � .\aRXG&>/LO[e^@H�¡;^@HIHI>/oPYFk;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^CYC>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� >��K358�:'8KB'?'x�;�7��@; Y=�%� Y . � / ,/, �Ppb ^@GFG&NMLOQ��GZg[&Y ,�./. ]CY%r�LONMG&NP?][IQO[INMT�AC>9RXNCAC[tsu_/^@QO[INMT�AC>9He^�L/i>/JMHI> f�NMT&AF^@RX>/TCQV^@HI>9AC>�?MqDFLO>/QFc>, pb�Cpb_BLO>/He^@QO[InP>7i^7He^7A;c>/QO>/LORX[IT&^@QO[INMT9AC>@?WRXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQV?\?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?ji^7GFLO>/T&ACLO>3>/T�_UNMRXGFQO>BG&NMDFLHe^B?MqDFLO>/QFc>jAC>@?"QOLV^@T&_VzF>@?;TCD&_UH/c>@^@[ILO>@?"_UNMRXG&NMLOQV^@TCQ;DFT7LFc>@^M_UQO>/DFLWi^j>@^@D-?]NMD&?;GFLO>@?O?][INMTyY&^@GFGFHI[e_/^@SFHI>i^�Ha` >/T&?]>/R3SFH�>XAC>@?B[IT&?]QV^@HIHe^@QO[INMT&?BTCD&_UH/c>@^@[ILO>@?jAC>-S&^M?]>x�g\aT&?]QO[IQODFQ3AC>9r�LONMQO>@_UQO[INMT�>/Q3AC>$[�qDFLO>/QFc>PY�FNMTCQO>/T&^/o�� ^@DFE�� b NP?]>@?Upb [e_VzCQO>/L/YFk%p&�;pIY ,�.M| ]CY(Z�HI>/RX>/TCQV^@LOo3?]>/[e?]RXNMHINMJMo��C�FLO>/>/R7^@T7^@T&A9k"NFY([C^@T9�FLV^@T&_U[e?O_UNFpb [IJMNFY&ljpIYCr�^@D&_VzF>/Q/YF�jpIY'[PNMDFLO[e^@DyY&ljpIY'a%LO>@?][IHIHe^@D&A�YCljpIYF�%[e_UNMHe^M?UYCd�pIYF�%HI[InP>/LV^CYFk%pIYC>/Q\��[IJMDF>/LV^M?UY[&pIY ,�./. �PYyx;zF>j�F>/SFLOD&^@LOo ,�./. �3>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>j?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>W[IT7QOzF>j>@^M?]QO>/LOT-r�oCLO>/TF>/>@?�� s LV?]Q%LO>@?]DFHIQV?����W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�W YT�&Y&� / , �Fp
�[��� � � � � � � � � � � � � �
b NP?O^��C[e?UY"ljp } pIY�[C^@R3D&ACLV^@He^CY��jpIY�>/Q3k"N��P>/L/YT�jpIY ,�././. Y\k"LV^M_/�F? fh^M?]QO>/LBQOz&^@T QOzF>7?]zF>@^@L[¥\^/nP>?]G&>/>@A�� 1 ��7�>K: �K> Y � ��� Y , �M�P� / , �@�P�Cp[C^@HInC[aY�[&pIY-[PQOLV^@RXNMT&ACNFY�[&pIY�k"NC_/_UNFY�d�pIY�[C^@T&?]NP?]QO[aY-Z\pIYy�%DFT&?]QV^MA�Y�\VpIYyl%T � [eAC>/[aY�d�pIY= ;LO[INMHI>PY�r�pIY \^@HeAC[aY�r�pIYyxy>@?O^@DFLONFYyd�pIY�=�^@T&^@LO[aY�Z\pIY=�%NMDFR7^ � Y��;pIY�r�>@?O_U[aY�ljpIY&>/QMaW^@HInM^@TF[aYyljpIY��M�M�M�CY�d-NCAC> �HI[ITFJB_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_;AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQV?yLO>@?]DFHIQO[ITFJ f�LONMR [Cl b [ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOoK^@T&A�aWrg[BRX>@^M?]DFLO>/RX>/TCQO?ACDFLO[ITFJ3QOzF> ,�./. ��c%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>%?]>/[e?]RX[e_%?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>x� ��W(1�>K7I;�A=86H�W[C^@QV^��P>PY�BpIYC>/Q%x�^@TF[IN��M^CY��BpIY ,�././. Y�[PNMDFLV_U>@?;N f x\?]DFT&^@RX[�^@T&A-x\?]DFT&^@RX[IJM>/TF[e_\>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?;[IT?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[INMT � NMTF>@?�� �OF�D@>C�gB�B�H�W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W Y�� '� YF�P�P� / ��]M�Cp[C^@QONFY��jpIYy�W^��M^@z&^@LV^CY��jpIY&>/QB�%zCQV^��P>PY�d�pIY ,�./. �PY-[PoCTCQOzF>@?][e?%N f ?O_/^@QOQO>/LO>@A9>/TF>/LOJMo9AC>/T&?][IQ]o f�NMLTFNMT&?]GFzF>/LO[e_/^@HCLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT�f�LONMR�^\G&NM[ITCQ�?]zF>@^@L�� AC[e?]HINC_/^@QO[INMT3?]NMDFLV_U>;S&^M?]>@AjNMTjQOzF>;LV^MAC[e^@QO[InP>"QOLV^@T&? �f�>/L\QOzF>/NMLOo�� ��?'x�; W(vO4�D@39?=B�HI4�:�>@3SW��K:�3S>KD�W Y=� � � Y ,V/ , �Cp[C^/nM^@JM>PY } p&k%pIY ,�./. ]CY�%[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ s >/HeA�f�NML%^@TX>@ACJM>KAC[e?]HINC_/^@QO[INMTX[ITX^KHe^/oP>/LO>@ABz&^@Htfe� ?]G&^M_U>x� ��W¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y�� �� Y&�@�P� . / �@�M�P�Cp[C_VzFNMH � Y�k%pIY ,�. ] . Y�x;zF>7d->@_Vz&^@TF[e_/?%N f Z"^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>7^@T&A��&^@DFHIQO[ITFJ%��k;^@R3SFLO[eACJM>�c%TF[In�pyr�LO>@?O?UYk;^@R3SFLO[eACJM>PY'c6�Bp[C_UNMQOQO[aY��jpIY�=&>/nCLO>/Q/YFljpIYF>/Q%�%>/LOT&^@T&AC> � Y% WpIY ,�././. Y¡">/LO[tsu_/^@QO[INMT7N f R7^M_ULONP?]>/[e?]RX[e_;RX>/QOzFNCAF?;NMTs nP>jd ���m| [IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQV^@H&>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?;[IT-�FLV^@T&_U>x� ��?'x�; W�j�?�>KA�W(vO4�D@39? Y � � YF� .M| / � ./. p[C_UNMQOQO[aY��jpIY ,�./. ]CY�d->@_Vz&^@TF[e_/?%N f QOzF>Z¡"D&^M_VzF>�fh^@DFHIQ3{a�FLO>/T&_Vz�l%HIG&?V�%S&^M?]>@A�NMT�zF[e?]QONMLO[e_/^@H"^@T&A[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQV^@H�AF^@QV^�(Z�DFLONMG&>@^@Tna%>/NMGFzCoF?][e_/^@H�[PNC_U[I>/Q]oPYF�%[e_U>Pp[PzF>/TyY �p&�jpIY } ^M_/�F?]NMTyY��jp��jpIY&�F>/TFJFY �BpIY�k"HI[ITF>PYFd�pIY�W[IR9YCd�pIY&�&^@TFJFY�r�pIYF>/Q, ;NC_/��Y �BpIY ,�./. �FYr�NP?]QV?]>/[e?]RX[e_7AC> f�NMLOR7^@QO[INMT f�NMHIHIN�¥\[ITFJ�QOzF>�=�^@T&AC>/LV?X>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PY;k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^CY\�6] } DFTF> ,�./. ���CF�H�H�W-1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y ��� Y�� ]M� / � . , p[P[I>/zyY%�BpIYP>/Q\^@HapIY ,�./. �CY&�%>@^@L�s >/HeA3[ITCnP>@?]QO[IJP^@QO[INMT3N f QOzF>j=�^@T&AC>/LV?;>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>K?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>PYCl%GFLO[IHQON } DFHIo ,�./. �� 1 ��7�>K: �K> Y � � � Y , � ,V/ , �@�Cp[P[ITFJMzyY�[&p�BpIYP�W^/nF?#�PN@n�Y } pIYCd9_/�W^@HIHIoPY��BpIYCr�NMT&_U>PYC=�pIYC�%>@^@LOTyYCxWpIYP>/QM¡;^M?O?][IHI[INMDyYCd�pIY ,�. ]M�CY&x;zF>�W^@EF^M_/^CYyd->/EC[e_UNB>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>jN f�� . �%N@nP>/R3S&>/L ,�. � ]��^BGFLO>/HI[IRX[IT&^@LOo3LO>/G&NMLOQWNMT�^�f�QO>/LV?]zFNC_/�F?��1 ��7�>K: �K> Y � � ��Y , � ,/,V/ , � , �Cp[P[ITFJMzyYO[&pM�BpIY"�W^/nF?#�PN@n�Y } pIY�>/QXlW?]QO[ � Y"=�pIY ,�. ] , YC[P>/[e?]RX[e_BJP^@G&?X^@T&A LO>@_UDFLOLO>/T&_U>7G&>/LO[INCAF?BN fHe^@LOJM>->@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?B^@HINMTFJ�QOzF>-d->/EC[e_/^@T ?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[INMT � NMTF>M�"^9LO>/>/EF^@RX[IT&^@QO[INMT=� �CF�H�H�WC1�>K7I;�A�W1(8�� W��GA�W Y����&Y']M�P� / ]@�P�Cp
� � � �[��� � � � � � � � � � �[P[ITFJMzyY-[&pT�BpIY�[PD%c^@LO> � Y-ajpIYy>/Q:�%NMR�c` TFJMDF> � YyxWpIY ,�. ] | Y"x;zF>3JMLO>@^@QB�W^@EF^M_/^7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>3N f ,/|} ^@TCD&^@LOo ,�. � , ��HI[IQOzFNP?]GFzF>/LO>BTFNMLOR7^@Ht� fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJ7[IT�QOzF>X?]DFS�ACD&_UQO>@A�k"NC_UNP?jGFHe^@QO>x� uL4635F�D@> Y � �%��Y| � /�| ]Cp[P[ITFJMzyY�[&pT�BpIY��%LVAF^ � Y�d�pIY�r�^M_VzF>@_UNFY } p��;pIY � D&^M^M?UY b pIY�l%He_/^@TCQV^@LV^CY�=�pIY�l%He_UNC_U>/L/Y�[&pIY-a%DFQO[I> �LO> � Y�k%pIY�d->/HI[aY b pIY�>/QB�%nM^@T&ACNFY�Z\pIY ,�././. Y"l�GFLO>/HI[IRX[IT&^@LOoXLO>/G&NMLOQjNMT�QOzF>Xxy>/zCD&^M_/^@TyY�d->/EC[e_UN>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>KN f } DFTF> ,/| Y ,�././. {ad9�3�K�Ppb�P�/� 1�>K7I;�A�W=£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y� � YF��] . /�| �@�Fp[P[ITFJMzyYg[&p2�BpIY"�%LVAF^ � Y�d�pIY�l%He_/^@TCQV^@LV^CY"=�pIY�[Pz&^@GF[ILONFY"�jpIYT�WNP?]QONMJMHINCACN@n�YM¡BpIY�r�^M_VzF>@_UNFY } p��;pIYl%He_UNC_U>/L/Y-[&pIY�a%DFQO[I>/LOLO> � Y�k%pIY � D&^M^M?UY b pIY�d-[��CDFRXNFYyxWpIY�>/Q3�%nM^@T&ACNFY�Z\pIY��M�M�M�CY;x;zF>-�W^@EF^M_/^>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>%N f [P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L��M�CY ,�././. {ad9�3�K�Pp | ��ClmTFNMLOR7^@Ht� fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJK>/nP>/TCQ�[IT3QOzF>W?]DFS�ACD&_UQO>@Ak"NC_UNP?%GFHe^@QO>x� 1�>K7I;�A�W=£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y����&Y&�P� / � ]Cp[P[IG%�C[ITyY�[&pIY ,�./. �FY b ^@GF[eAXAC>/QO>/LORX[IT&^@QO[INMT3N f JMHINMS&^@HyRXNMRX>/TCQ��hQO>/T&?]NML;?]NMHIDFQO[INMT&?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W%£G>E; Ww >@3�3SW Y ���&Y , �M�P� / , �P�@�Cp[PG&NMTFzF>/DF>/L/Y=¦�pIY ,�. �M�CY�d->/QOzFNCAC>/T � DFLK�%>/LVACQO[I> f�>/TCS&>@?]QO[IR3RjDFTFJB[IT�AC>/LKd9^��CLONP?]>/[e?]RX[���� ��D@>K7�tmK>KD���>KD ��8�DE;�@?'F�:6� ;@? Y �Z� ��� p[PG&NMQO[IHIHe^CY } pyljpIY&>/QM[P[I>/zyY=�BpIY ,�./.M| Y-a%>/NMHINMJM[e_B[ITCnP>@?]QO[IJP^@QO[INMT9N f ^ � �I?]HI[IG�JP^@G � �"[IT9QOzF>3?]DFL�su_U[e^@HLODFGFQODFLO>@?jN f QOzF> ,�./. ��=�^@T&AC>/LV?j>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PY�?]NMDFQOzF>/LOTmk;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W2£G>E; W YM� �� Y| �P� /�| �M�Cp[PQOLV^@RXNMT&ACNFY�[&pIY�xy>@?O^@DFLONFY�d�pIY� ;LO[INMHI>PY&r�pIY�[C^@T&?]NP?]QO[aY�Z\pIY�[C^@HInC[aY�[&pIYy=�^@T&^@LO[aY b pIY�l%T � [eAC>/[aY&d�pIY \^@HeAC[aYPr�pIYC�FNMLOT&^@LONFY�ajpIYPl%nM^@HIHINMTF>PYPljpIYx ;DFNMTFJM[INMLOTFNFYFd�pC�;pIYP�FLV^@T&_U>@?O_VzF>/QOQO[aY�ajpIYP>/Q� ;NP?O_VzF[aY�Z\pIY,�././. Yyx;zF>�[P>/GFQO>/R3S&>/L;�M�CY ,�./. �Xk"NMHts NMLO[IQONFY(\aQV^@HIoPYC>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>@?��FRXNCAC>/HI>@AX_UNP?]>/[e?]RX[e_%?]DFL�fh^M_U>AC[e?]GFHe^M_U>/RX>/TCQ f�LONMR [Cl b [ITCQO>/L�f�>/LONMRX>/QOLOoB^@T&A_aWrg[� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y � � Y�]6]M� / ]6]M�Cpx�^@GFG&NMTF[I>/L/Yyr�pIY&>/QWd-NMHIT&^@L/Yyr�pIY ,�. �M�PY�lW_UQO[InP> fh^@DFHIQO[ITFJX^@T&A�k">/TF> � NM[e_KQO>@_UQONMTF[e_/?\[IT�k"zF[IT&^� ��W¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y � ��Y&� . � | / � . � . px�^@LV^@TCQONMHe^CY�ljpIYF>/Q6¡;^@HI>/QOQO>PY WpIY ,�. ]M�CY-a%>/TF>/LV^@HI[ � >@AXTFNMTFHI[ITF>@^@LW[ITCnP>/LV?]>KGFLONMSFHI>/R�?]NMHInP>@A7D&?][ITFJQOzF>KHI>@^M?]QW?OZPD&^@LO>@?\_ULO[IQO>/LO[INMT=� £G>�� W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�1�B'4��K>6��?'x�; W Y�� � Y&� ,�. / �M�M�Cpx�^@LV^@TCQONMHe^CY\ljpIY ,�. ]P�PYO\aTCnP>/LV?]>XGFLONMSFHI>/R�QOzF>/NMLOo��gZ�He?]>/nC[I>/L/Y�l%R7?]QO>/LVAF^@R ���%E�f�NMLVA�� �%>�¥ �"NMLE���xyN��CoPNFpx;zFNMDFnP>/TFNMQ/Y"�;pIY��FLFc>@_VzF>/Q/Y } pIY�x�^@GFG&NMTFTF[I>/L/Y"r�pIY�x;zFNMR7^M?UY } p ��k%pIY"=&>P ;LODFTyY2 WpIY�dc>/T&^@LVA�Y�ajpIY=�^M_/^M?O?][ITyY b pIY } >/T&^@QOQONMTyY�=�pIY�a%LV^M?O?]NFY } p � b pIY�k"NMDFQV^@TCQ/Y��jpIYyr�^@DFHaY�ljpIY&>/QK�W^@Q � f�>/HeA�Y��jpIY ,�./. ]CYx;zF>jd �7| pb�=Z�G&^@JMTCo9{a�FLO>/T&_Vz7l%HIG&?V��>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>WN f ,�./. � } DFHIo ,/| �&^jHINMTFJ � ^�¥\^@[IQO>@AX>/nP>/TCQ"NMTQOzF>:¡"D&^M_VzF> fh^@DFHIQ�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�;�7��@46H �'8�F�DK:'46H �K:�3S>KDK:'4635798�:'46H Y2� � Y�]P�@� / ] . �CpxyLO[tf�DFT&^M_MY�d�p=�jpIY�>/Q: ;LV^MACoPYyljp�ajpIY ,�. � | Y�l�?]QOD&ACo9NMT�QOzF>3ACDFLV^@QO[INMT�N f ?]QOLONMTFJ7>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>JMLONMDFT&A-RXNMQO[INMT=� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A�W�1(8�� W(�GA�W Y �� Y | ] ,V/ �M�M�Cp
�[��� � � � � � � � � � � � � �
¡;^@HeAC[IoC^CY�Bp�[&pIY ,�. ]M�CY�x;zF>BQ#¥;N3[ITCQOLV^M_ULOD&?]QV^@H�S&NMDFT&AF^@LOo9QOzFLOD&?]QV?%N f�QOzF>3�%[IR7^@He^/oC^� >��K358�:'86tB'?'x�;�7��@; Y ��� Y&�M�M� / �@��]Cp¡;^@HeAC[IoC^CY��Bp�[&pIY ,�./. �PYC�%[IJMz[�W^@R7?�[ITB_U>/TCQOLV^@HF�%[IR7^@He^/oC^"[IT3_UNMTCQO>/ECQ�N f ^M_UQO[InP> fh^@DFHIQV?�?]>/[e?]RX[e_U[IQ]o^@T&A-?]NC_U[I>/QV^@HyGFLONMSFHI>/R7?�� ��W ¢ >E86HI8@��7��@46H�1(8���7�>@35x�8 z �K:'<�794 Y � �yYF�C� . / � . �Fp¡"NM[e?][ITyYMk%pIYMk;^@RXGF[IHIHINFY/d�pIY \aNMTF>@?O_UDyY \Vp b pIYMk"NMQOQONMTyYM�;pIY/>/Q�[C_UNMQOQO[aYM�jpIY@�M�M�M�CYPx;zF>;�M�W�%N@nP>/R3S&>/L/Y,�. ]M�n\aLOGF[ITF[e^X>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>M��TF>�¥ _UNMT&?]QOLV^@[ITCQV?jNMT QOzF> f�LO[e_UQO[INMT�He^�¥!G&^@LV^@RX>/QO>/LV?�� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W Y ������� ����� p¦�^@HeA�Y2�jp } pIYy>/QB�%>@^@QONMTyY�xWp��jpIY ,�./. �FYg[PG&^@QO[e^@H\^@T&A�QO>/RXG&NMLV^@H;AC[e?]QOLO[ISFDFQO[INMT�N fw?]HI[IG f�NMLjQOzF>,�./. �7=�^@T&AC>/LV?UYyk;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^CYF>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>x� �CF�H�H�W�1�>K7I;�A=86H�W�1(8�� W��GA�W Y ��� YF�M�6] / � . , p�^M_Vz&^@LO[e^M?]>/TyY } pIYP>/QO[P[I>/zyY�BpIY ,�./.M| Y&x;zF>WQOLV^@T&? f�>/L;N f ?]HI[IG3S&>/Q#¥;>/>/T3Q#¥;Nj>/T3>@_VzF>/HINMTX?]QOLO[��P> � ?]HI[IGfh^@DFHIQV?��Cl�_/^M?]>W?]QOD&ACo�f�LONMR�QOzF> ,�./. �3=�^@T&AC>/LV?">@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PYP?]NMDFQOzF>/LOT-k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W Y�� �� Y ,/| Yb�6] ,V/ ,/| Yb�M�M�Fp&>/TFJFY��BpIYPl,�C[aYx�BpIYM>/Q;xy>/TFJFYCxWp ��=�pIY ,�./. �CY&d9^@GFGF[ITFJKQOzF>%zF[IJMz � f�LO>@ZPDF>/T&_UoB?]NMDFLV_U>WLV^MAC[e^@QO[INMT�f�NMLQOzF>B=&NMR7^Br�LO[I>/QV^j>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>PY�k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[e^� ��W ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W�£G>E; W Y%��yY ,/,�. ] ,V/ ,/,�./. �Cp&>/TFJFY �BpIY�l%T&AC>/LV?]NMTyY } p�ajpIYy>/Q �"DyY-ajpIY ,�./. �FY"l _UNMRXG&NP?][IQO>X?]NMDFLV_U>XRXNCAC>/H f�NML3_UNMRXGFDFQO[ITFJLO>@^@HI[e?]QO[e_W?]oCTCQOzF>/QO[e_W?]QOLONMTFJ3JMLONMDFT&A-RXNMQO[INMT&?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y����&Y��@� | / �@�6]Cp&NMHIHINFY@ljpIY/d9^@LV_UD&_/_U[aY [&pIY@d-[IHe^@T&^CY ajpIY/>/Q�k;^@GFD&^@TFNFYPr�pIY ,�././. YMx;zF> ,�./. �Cc%R3SFLO[e^�� d9^@LV_VzF>"{]k">/T �QOLV^@HO\aQV^@HIo&�%>@^@LOQOz&ZPD&^��P>X?]>@ZPDF>/T&_U>M��\aT&?][IJMzCQV?WNMT QOzF>3R7^@[IT&?]zFNC_/�9LODFGFQODFLO>@?wf�LONMR�TF>@^@LB?]NMDFLV_U>?]QOLONMTFJXRXNMQO[INMTXLO>@_UNMLVAF?�� ¢ >E8KB'?'x�; W£G>E; W w >@3�3SW Y�� � Y&� , � | / � , �6]Fp
� �U�P� � ����
� ������
�
^@H/c>@^B?][e?]RX[eZPDF>��O�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�O� , Y | �^@HIJMNMLO[IQOzFRX>WJ�c>/T\c>/QO[eZPDF>K�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�C�C�PY ./. Y , �M�l%TFTF>@_UoW�U�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/� | �l%G&>/TFTF[IT&?��/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� , � ,^@LV_Vz\c>/NP?][e?]RX[e_U[IQFc>y�O�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/� �M�l%LO>/QOQO>;�V�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� | �l%LOD&ACoK�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/� | �lW?][I>\�U�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/� |^M?]G\c>/LO[IQFc>y�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�]�/�FY . �CY ,/| �PY , �/�lW?O?][e?]>%�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/� , � ,^ � [IR3DFQOz3�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�M�M�
�S&^@LOLV^@JM>"�@�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�V� |S&^@LOLO[ai>/LO>W�U�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� . �CY ,/| �PY , �/�
�
k;^@HI[tf�NMLOTF[I>W�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�6] . Y , �@�FY , � ]k"z&^@RXNMHI[C�U�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� |_Vz&^@LOLO[e^@JM>K�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�P�@�_VzF>/nM^@D&_VzF>/RX>/TCQ��/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�P�@�FYy� | Y��@�k"NMHts NMLO[IQON\�@�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/� , � ,_UNMHIHI[e?][INMT7_UNMTCQO[ITF>/TCQV^@HI>"�V�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�V�@�_UNMTCnP>/LOJM>/T&_U>y�V�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�a�@�
�A;c>@_UNMHIHI>/RX>/TCQ&�O�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�O�@�A;c>@_ULONC_VzF>/RX>/TCQy�O�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�O� |AC>/ECQOLO>��U�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�]� | Y�] .?]>/TF>@?]QOLO>��U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�a� |AC[ILO>@_UQO[INMT7ACD-JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ&�O�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�a�@�ACNMTFT\c>/>@?;J�c>/NCA;c>@?][eZPDF>@?��/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�V� . Y . �ACNMTFT\c>/>@?;QFc>/H/c>@?][e?]RX[eZPDF>@?��O�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�6]
ACDFLFc>/>jACD-RXNMDFnP>/RX>UTCQ"?][e?]RX[eZPDF>��V�/�/�/�/�U� , �M��> vu>/QWAC>j?][IQO>;�U�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�U�M�fh^@[IHIHI>��U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/� �@�
A;c>@_ULONC_Vz&^@TCQO>��/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�O� |[ITCnP>/LV?]>%�U�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�@�@�FYy� |TFNMLOR7^@HI>W�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�M�@�FY��M�CY , � ,fh^@[IHIHI>KACDU¡"D&^M_VzF>y�V�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U� | ��&^/nP>/LOJM>��U�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/� | ��-aGZ��/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/� , �@�f�NMT&_UQO[INMT9AC>=a%LO>/>/T7>/RXGF[ILO[eZPDF>;�/�/�/�/�/�U�/� , �@��FLV^@TFJMo-�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/� | ��FLO[INMDFHy�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/� , �@��
J�c>/TF[I>KG&^@LV^M?][e?]RX[eZPDF>"�U�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�V�M�J�c>/NMRXNMLOGFzFNMHINMJM[I>\�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�M�a-c>/NP?O_UNMG&>\�@�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�6]aW^@LOz¥\^@HC�@�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/� |JMHI[e?O?]>/RX>/TCQ"�V�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�@�M�aWrg[X�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�P� . Y�] . Y . �CY , �M�CY , �M�CY , �P�a%LV^@T&A��a ;NMLOT&^@T&AW�M�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/� | �JMLV^/nC[IRmc>/QOLO[I>%�V�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�@� .
�z&^@DFQO>@? f�LFc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>@?y�U�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� , �M��%[IR7^@He^/oC^%�O�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�/� |�%oPNMJMN � �P>/T � �W^@R3SFDB�V�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� , �/��
[IT&_UHI[ITFNMRmc>/QOLO[I>��O�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/� � .\aT&AC>"�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U� |
��� � � �U�P� �
[ITCQO>/T&?][IQFc>WR7^M_ULONP?][e?]RX[eZPDF>��O�/�/�/�/�/�]�6]CY | , Y | �[ITCnP>/LV?][INMT\�V�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/� � ,>/T7JMLO[IHIHI>y�V�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/� �P�JMHINMS&^@HI>y�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� �P�zCoCSFLO[eAC>\�U�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�C�HINC_/^@HI>y�U�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U� �P�CY . ]CY , �M�?]>/RX[t�hJMHINMS&^@HI>%�U�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�C�PY ./. Y , �M�
\ b \E[;�U�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�]�6][e?]NP?Cc>/[e?]QO>@?\�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/� | �\aQV^@HI[I>y�U�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� , � , Y , �@�FY , � ]
�
} ^@G&NMT��/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/� , � | Y , �/��
�WNMS\c>;�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� , �/��WNP?]zF[ILON ���,�C[��/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U� , �@�
�=�^@T&AC>/LV?��@�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/��] . Y , �M�CY , �M�HINM[e?\A�`b^@QOQFc>/TCD&^@QO[INMT-�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�C�M�CY , �@�=&NMR7^Br�LO[I>/QV^;�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U� , �@�
�Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>WR7^M_ULONP?][e?]RX[eZPDF>"�O�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/� | ,Rmc>/QOzFNCAC>@?;A�` [ITCnP>/LV?][INMT%�U�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�]�P�R7^@JMTF[IQOD&AC>W�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�P� | Y��M�d9^@LV_VzF>"�U�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/� , � ,d� \x��U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�@�d�k;x��/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�@�d->/EC[eZPDF>;�V�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�U�M�RXNCA�i>/HI>
l%EC[IQOLV^%�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U� ,_U[IT\c>/R7^@QO[eZPDF>��O�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�]� |_UNMRXG&NP?][IQO>��U�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� , �/�ACoCT&^@RX[eZPDF>��V�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�O� |>/T-� � ���/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� , �/��,�M^MAF^W�@�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/� ,RXNCA�i>/HI>KAC>j�W^M?#�P>/HIH/�V�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�a�P�RXNCA�i>/HI>KAC>j?]NMDFLV_U>K�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/� , �@�
RXNMRX>/TCQ"?][e?]RX[eZPDF>��V�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�]� | Y�� .RXNMDFnP>/R3>/TCQV? f�NMLOQV?\�U�/�P�M�CY��M�CY��M�PY ,/, �CY , �P�d$[���U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�@�6]d-DFT&?][e^@LO[/�U�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�a�@�
�T\c>/NMQO>@_UQONMTF[eZPDF>��V�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�]�M��%NMLOQOzFLO[eACJM>j�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/� , �@�
��W^@EF^M_/^\�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�U�M��%R3SFLO[I>��O�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U� , � ,
�
G&^@H/c>/NP?][e?]RX[e_U[IQFc>��O�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�O�M�G&>/T&AF^@JM>y�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/� �M�CYy�@�GFHe^MZPDF>Kl%Rmc>/LO[eZPDF>y�V�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�a�M�GFHe^MZPDF>jk"NC_UNP?\�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�M�M�GFHe^MZPDF>W>/DFLV^M?][I>/TFTF>"�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�U� |GFHe^MZPDF>W[IT&AC[I>/TFTF>"�U�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�U� |GFHe^MZPDF>WHI[IQOzFNP?]GFz\c>/LO[eZPDF>W�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�P�M�GFLONMSFHai>/RX>%[ITCnP>/LV?]>"�V�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�O� ,GFLON s H�AC>KTF[InP>/HIHI>/R3>/TCQ��/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�M� .
�LFc>/GFHI[eZPDF>@?��V�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�V�M�CY , � ,LFc>@?]NMHIDFQO[INMT;�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/� ,/, �LO>@_UDF[IQ\?][IR3DFH/c>��O�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�a�C�LO>/He^@QO[INMT7AC>B=&>/nCLO>/Q��U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/� |M|LO>/He^@QO[INMT7AC>=[PG&NMTFzF>/DF>/L��@�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/� | �LO[e?OZPDF>K?][e?]RX[eZPDF>W�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�C� ,LODFGFQODFLO>K>/T-?]DFL�fh^M_U>��/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�]�M�CY(] .
�?Cc>/[e?]RX>@?�zF[e?]QONMLO[eZPDF>@?"�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�@�M�CY | ,?Cc>@ZPDF>/T&_U>K?][e?]RX[eZPDF>y�O�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/� , � ,[C^@[ITCQ�� r�^@DFHt� AC> � �F>/TFNMDF[IHIHI>/Q&�V�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/� | �[C^@TFLO[��CD\�U�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/� , � |[Cl b �/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�P� . Y(] . Y . �CY , � , Y , �M�CY , �M�?O^@QO>/HIHI[IQO>y�V�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�a� .
� �U�P� � ��� �?]>/JMRX>/TCQV^@QO[INMT7AC>@?�fh^@[IHIHI>@?"�U�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�@�@�?]>/JMRX>/TCQV?;AC> fh^@[IHIHI>\�V�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�K] .[P>/HIHe^@TFNK�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/� , � ,[�\ b Z"�GZ��U�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�M�M�CY | ,?][e?]RX[e_U[IQFc>\[IT&?]QOLODFRX>/TCQV^@HI>��V�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�]�M�?]NMDFLV_U>j?][e?]RX[eZPDF>K�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�F� , Y&�P�?]G&>@_UQOLO>jAC>KLFc>/G&NMT&?]>%�@�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�@�M�?]G&>@_UQOLONMJMLV^@RXRX>W�V�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/� , �M�?]DFS�ACD&_UQO[INMT9�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�C�M�
�
QFc>/H/c>@A;c>/QO>@_UQO[INMTW�V�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�O� .xy>/zCD&^M_yc^@TK�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�V�M�QO>/RXG&?;AC>KRXNMTCQFc>/>y�V�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�a�M�QOz\c>/NML/i>/RX>WAC>KLO>/GFLFc>@?]>/TCQV^@QO[INMT%�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�a�P�QONMG&NMJMLV^@GFzF[I>y�@�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�a�@�QOLO[e^@TFJMDFHe^@QO[INMT;�@�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/� � .QV?]DFT&^@RX[e?\�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�C�M�
�
c%QOQV^@LE�M^M?]zF[P�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�U� |
¡;^@[��CLO[IQV^K�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�P�@�nC[IQO>@?O?]>KAC>KLODFGFQODFLO>%�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�@�M�CY&� .nCDFHIT\c>/LV^@SF[IHI[IQFc>;�V�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�U�/�/�/�/�/�/�U�U� ,
� )g"������������� + ��� ! ���� # � � ���j�(��� ���9 �� � ��������)������� �����[� � � ������ # � �� � �������U� � � � �U�P���
Oj-�<'7')*7'>�7=4�&�"%$'8�7'&#W#7')*8�-6T4�&ML��>�$'��&MAT>�W#(��&E./)*$'&���f�8�-�7'&#-�.E0 ./>�� R=8�<'&#<��>�$'&E./>64 � H%3�./(*>�7')*8�-G4�&#<2R=)*<���>�&#<TL�)*<'+,)���>�&#<�d�8�>�$=(B.�L��>�$'��&�4�&#<=Oj-�<'7�./(*(B./7')*8�-�<�AT>�W#(��&E./)*$'&#<
� X�<'&#$'3�./7'8�)*$'&M4�&MF2$'&#-�8�X�(*&m./X�8�$�./7'8�)*$'&24�&MF���d�]�0�<')���>�&2Oj-�7'&#$'-�&MT;%&#W#7'8�-�8�d�]�0�<')���>�&� ��������������=����=�(������� � � ���� �=������ #�! & ������ ��������$"!$# � ��� �����%��� #�! ��)��������������� #�!� ���� ��� ����������������*) ! ��� # � +�! �����y"!$# � ! � !'# �����%��� # � !'# �� ! ��������������
���������� ���� 5�&T7'$�.E3�./)*(�&#<'7=W#8�-�<�./W#$��&��.2(����'>�4�&T4�&2(B.2<'8�>�$'W#&2<')*<'+,)���>�&�&#-,>�7')*(*)*<�./-�74�&#<=4�8�-�- �&#&#<=4�&TW�]�./+,dd�$'8�W�]�&�C�L�&#(*8�-G(B.!��>�./-�7')*7��&T�(B.!��>�./(*)*7��&=4�&#<=4�8�-�- �&#&#<=4�)*<'d�8�-�)*X�(*&#<���-�8�>�<=.E3�8�-�<�./d�d�(*)���> �&T4�) n"�&#$'&#-�7'&#<T+��']�8�4�&#<d�8�>�$�WE./$�./W#7��&#$')*<'&#$6(B.6$'>�d�7'>�$'&6<')*<'+,)���>�&�CAT8�>�<G.E3�8�-�<��7'8�>�7�4 � ./X�8�$'4 �%3�./(*)*4 �&G4�&#<G+��']�8�4�&#<�+6./W#$'8�<')*<'+,)���>�&#<<'>�$T4�&#<=<��&#)*<'+,&#<bgs$�./-�#WE./)*<=$��&#W#&#-�7'<ECx5�&#<T4�8�-�- �&#&#<Td�&#$'+,'7'&#-�7T4 � &#<'7')*+,&#$�(B.M(*8�WE./(*)*<�./7')*8�-GT(B.M7�./)*(*(*&T4�&#<T<��&#)*<'+,&#<]�)*<'7'8�$')���>�&#<<'8�-�7>�7')*(*)*<��&#&#<d�8�>�$WE./$�./W#7��&#$')*<'&#$=(*&#<<��&#)*<'+,&#<$�.Td�$'&#-�4�$'&2&#-GW#8�+,d�7'&�(*8�$'<%4�&T(�����./(*>�./7')*8�-24�&=(�� ./(��&E.4�./-�<�4�&#<=$��&#c�)*8�-�<%�.M<')*<'+,)*W#)*7��&=+,8�4 �&#$��&#&�C�mx&#<=4�8�-�- �&#&#<=c&��4 �&#<')���>�&#<M?�L�S2R!��FM"L�I-�8�>�<�8�-�7�d�&#$'+,)*<4 � &#<'7')*+,&#$(B.4�)*<'7'$')*X�>�7')*8�-G4�>Gc�(*)*<'<'&#+,&#-�7%<'>�$�(B.vg ./)*(*(*&�(*8�$'<4�>G<��&#)*<'+,&=WE./(*) gs8�$'-�)*&#-�4�&Tm./-�4�&#$'<2? ��'�'�� I#C�5�&#<�4�8�-�- �&#&#<=-�8�>�<8�-�7d�&#$'+,)*<4�&2d�$��&#W#)*<'&#$T(B.2(*8�WE./(*)*<�./7')*8�-G�(B.Mc&��+��'$')*&=4�&#<bg ./)*(*(*&#<�.E0�./-�7)( 8�> �&T(*8�$'<�4�&#<=d�$')*-�W#)*d�./>��*�+�&#-�&#+,&#-�7'<=4�&(B.2<��&���>�&#-�W#&2<')*<'+,)���>�&�)*7�./(*)*&#-�-�&=4�&25�8�( uw8�$')*7'8G? ��'�'�, I#C�H%-ouw-,(*&#<�4�8�-�- �&#&#<�4�&T+,8�>�3�&#+,&#-�7 gs8�$'7�-�8�>�<8�-�7d�&#$'+,)*<4 � &#<'7')*+,&#$(*&=d�&#-�4�./c�&T4�&T(B.vg ./)*(*(*&=.E0�./-�7$'8�+,d�>�(*8�$'<4�>G<��&#)*<'+,&=)*-�4�)*&#-G4�&25�]�./+,8�(*)x? ��'�'�' I#C/AT8�>�<�.E3�8�-�<>�7')*(*)*<��&4�&#<�4�8�-�- �&#&#<=4�&=+,8�>�3�&#+,&#-�7igs8�$'7d�8�>�$W#8�-�7'$�./)*-�4�$'&T(*&T4 ��&#(*8�d�d�&#+,&#-�74�&=(B.2$'>�d�7'>�$'&2(*8�$'<4�>G<��&#)*<'+,&=+,&���)*WE./)*-4�& � .-��./WE.P? ��'�'�' I#Cmx&#<,4�8�-�- �&#&#<64�&:+,8�>�3�&#+,&#-�7 gs8�$'7,8�-�7.���&@>�7')*(*)*<��&#&#<,&#-U./<'<'8�W#)B./7')*8�-P.E3�&#W:4�&#<,4�8�-�- �&#&#<c&��4 �&#<')���>�&#<Td�8�>�$T$'&#+,8�-�7'&#$T./>64 ��&#(*8�d�d�&#+,&#-�7=7'&#+,d�8�$'&#(4�&2(B.�$'>�d�7'>�$'&�(*8�$'<=4�>6<��&#)*<'+,&24�&�m./-�4�&#$'<TT4�&2(B.<��&���>�&#-�W#&2<')*<'+,)���>�&4�&T5�8�( uw8�$')*7'8�C/H%-GW#&$��>�)�W#8�-�W#&#$'-�&T(*&=<��&#)*<'+,&�4�&2m./-�4�&#$'<���(B.$��>�./(*)*7��&�(B.TW#8�+,d�(��&#+,&#-�7�./$')*7��&4�&#<M4�8�-�- �&#&#<�-�8�>�<M8�-�7Md�&#$'+,)*<24 � 8�X�7'&#-�)*$2>�-[3+�&#$')*7�./X�(*&`uw(*+ 4�>[c�(*)*<'<'&#+,&#-�7ECm.,$'>�d�7'>�$'&,&#<'7M] ���&#$'8�c��&#-�&�C � --�8�7'&T(B.Md�$��&#<'&#-�W#&M4�&$/#8�-�&#<=80�>,(*&Tc�(*)*<'<'&#+,&#-�7&#<'7=d�(*>�<�)*+,d�8�$'7�./-�7���> � ./)*(*(*&#>�$'<EC�5�&#< /#8�-�&#<=<'8�-�7�<��&#d�./$��&#&#<Td�./$�4�&#<$��&#c�)*8�-�< ��>�)xW#8�$'$'&#<'d�8�-�4�&#-�7M./>���/#8�-�&#<T4�&2$'&#(B./)*<�&#-�7'$'&M(*&#<=<'&#c�+,&#-�7'<�4�& g ./)*(*(*&=80�>,(*&2c�(*)*<'<'&#+,&#-�7&#<'7T+,8�)*-�4�$'&=̌�>6(B.M3�)*7'&#<'<'&M4�&2$'>�d�7'>�$'&M4�)*+,)*-�>�&�C13254 �6�67-8 ������ L�8�>�$'W#&G<')*<'+,)���>�&���ST(��&E.,<')*<'+,)���>�&���Oj-�7'&#-�<')*7��&#<��L�S2R!�FM"L0�x968�>�3�&#+,&#-�7'<vgs8�$'7'<��xOj-�3�&#$'<')*8�- �m./-�4�&#$'<�� � .-��./WE.���5�]�./+,8�(*)���5�8�( uw8�$')*7'8�C
���������� + � ���� ��� �_�K ���=����������&���� ! ���@������� + �_� ! ! ) � ��� # � +�! �����q �n���������� + ) ! � ! � �! ���������������
9�: � 4�;-< 7 4 � ;=]�)*< ��8�$'DGd�$'&#<'&#-�7'<T<'&#)*<'+,)*WT<'8�>�$'W#&M<'7'>�4�)*&#<=>�<')*-�cG-�&E./$=�uw&#(*464�./7�.�C�Oj-:./W#W#8�$'4�./-�W#& �=)*7'],7']�&��>�./(*)*7j0:./-�4[7']�&���>�./-�7')*7j0:8hgv.E3�./)*(B./X�(*&M4�./7�. ��&G4��&#(*8�d�d� ./-�4Z./d�d�(*)*@3�./$')*8�>�<2+,']�8�4�<27'8:W�]�./$�./W#7'&#$')�/#&7']�&,<'&#)*<'+,)*W�<'8�>�$'W#&�C9:./W#$'8�<'&#)*<'+,)*W�4�./7�.:./$'&,>�<'Z7'8:3�&#$') gs0:) gb<')*+,d�(*&G./-�4[$'8�X�>�<'7�+,']�8�4�<2>�<'Z8�-[$'&#W#&#-�7)*-�<'7'$'>�+,&#-�7�./(%&E./$'7']���>�./D�&#<M+6.E06d�$'8/3�)*4�&G.,c�8�8�4@7'8�8�(7'86WE./(*)*X�$�./7'&G]�)*<'7'8�$')*WE./(%�&#-�7'<�)*-[f�$�./-�W#&�Cx;=]�&#<'&,4�./7�../$'&68hgs7'&#-Z>�<' 7'8[W�]�./$�./W#7'&#$')�/#&:&E./$'7']���>�./D�&#<G7'8[X�&67�./D�&#-Z)*-�7'8[./W#W#8�>�-�7`gs8�$�<'&#)*<'+,)*WG]�.-/E./$'4P./<'<'&#<'<'+,&#-�7G)*-+,8�4�&#$�./7'&=<'&#)*<'+,)*W#)*7j0�$'&#c�)*8�-�<EC�F2�4�')*W24�./7�.G?�L�S2R!��FM"L�I./$'&2>�<',7'8�&#<'7')*+6./7'&=7']�&2<'(*)*dG4�)*<'7'$')*X�>�7')*8�-G8�-,7']�&g ./>�(*7T4�>�$')*-�c,7']�& ��'�'�� ��m./-�4�&#$'<��5=./(*) gs8�$'-�)B.�&E./$'7']���>�./D�&�Cx;=]�&#<'&G4�./7�.,./$'&G./(*<'86>�<'@7'86d�$'&#W#)*<'&G7']�&G(*8�WE./7')*8�-./-�467']�&Mc��+,'$'0,8hgk7']�&M+6./)*-G�&#-�7'<T8hgk7']�& ��'�'�, ��5�8�( uw8�$')*7'85��W#&#-�7'$�./(Oj7�./(*0>��&E./$'7']���>�./D�&M<'&���>�&#-�W#&�Cf)*-�./(*(*0>�7']�&T<'7'$'8�-�cM+,8�7')*8�-�<W#8�-�7�./)*-G7']�&T+,8�<'7%W#8�+,d�(*'&�)*-ogs8�$'+6./7')*8�-M./X�8�>�7$'>�d�7'>�$'&2d�$'8�W#&#<'<EC�;=]�&#<'&24�./7�.2./$'&T>�<',7'84�)*<'W#$')*+,)*-�./7'&�X� ��&#&#-:7 ��8Md�8�<'<')*X�(*&vg ./>�(*7d�(B./-�&#<�8hg 7']�& ��'�'�' �/-�8�$'7'],Oj-�4�)B.���5�]�./+,8�(*)�&E./$'7']���>�./D�&�C�;=]�&T<'7'$'8�-�c+,8�7')*8�-�<$'&#W#8�$'4�,W#(*8�<'&=7'8M7']�& ��'�'�' �/96&���)*W#85� � .-��./WE.T&E./$'7']���>�./D�&T./$'&=>�<',7'82W#8�-�<'7'$�./)*-G7']�&T$'>�d�7'>�$'&T]�)*<'7'8�$'0�CL�7'$'8�-�c[+,8�7')*8�-�<M./$'&:./(*<'8@>�<'P)*-ZW#8�+GX�)*-�./7')*8�- �=)*7']Zc��4�')*W64�./7�.@7'8[./W#W#&#<'<,7']�&:$'>�d�7'>�$'&:]�)*<'7'8�$'0[8hg_7']�&m./-�4�&#$'<=&E./$'7']���>�./D�&M./-�4,7']�&M+6./)*-��&#-�7'<=8hgi7']�&M5�8�( uw8�$')*7'8M<'&#)*<'+,)*WT<'&���>�&#-�W#&�Cxf�8�$�7']�&Mm./-�4�&#$'<T&E./$'7']���>�./D�&��7']�&G4�./7�.���>�./(*)*7j0:./-�4@W#8�+,d�(*&#+,&#-�7�./$')*7j0G8hn &#$'[7']�&Gd�8�<'<')*X�)*(*)*7j0,7'864�&#<'W#$')*X�&,7']�&G$'>�d�7'>�$'&G4��&#(*8�d�+,&#-�7 �=)*7']./W#W#>�$�./W#0�C/;=]�&�(B./$'c�&]�'&#$'8�c�&#-�&#)*7')*&#<)*-�X�8�7']M<'(*)*d�./+,d�(*)*7'>�4�&./-�4�$'>�d�7'>�$'&�3�&#(*8�W#)*7j0M3�./$')B./7')*8�-�<x<'>�c�c�&#<'7%7']�./7%7']�&$'>�d�7'>�$'&Md�$'8�d�./c�./7'&#<=X�0GX�$'&E./D�)*-�c�<'>�W#W#&#<'<')*3�&G./<'d�&#$')*7')*&#<=$�./7']�&#$T7']�./-,X�0,d�$'8�d�./c�./7')*-�cM(*)*D�&2.Md�>�(*<'&M./7�W#8�-�<'7�./-�73�&#(*8�W#)*7j0�C�;=]�&M$'>�d�7'>�$'& gs$'8�-�7�<'(*8��=<T./<=)*7=&#-�W#8�>�-�7'&#$'<TX�./$'$')*&#$'<2./-�4:./W#W#&#(*&#$�./7'&#< �=)*7']�)*-,+6./)*-,./<'d�&#$')*7')*&#<EC? �>@0A 25;�B �C� L�&#)*<'+,)*W,<'8�>�$'W#&���L�&#)*<'+,)*W,]�.-/E./$'4 �%Oj-�7'&#-�<')*7')*&#<���L�S2R!�FM"L0�L�7'$'8�-�c[+,8�7')*8�-�<��xOj-�3�&#$'<')*8�- �m./-�4�&#$'<�� � .-��./WE.���5�]�./+,8�(*)���5�8�( uw8�$')*7'8�C