application of solar pvs in india

8/14/2019 APPLICATION OF SOLAR PVS IN INDIA

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PVS IN

INDIA

BY

NaveenMethre

ME-3,

III yr Mechanical


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Condition of use of solar PV

cellsCold weather

Cloud condition

Isolated generation


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Solar power or solar

photovoltaic electricitySolar photovoltaic electricity is generated

from light, employing photovoltaic modules orcells ,which convert sunlight into electricityusing cells with semi conductors


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Brief Overview of Solar

PV Technology

Solar cells are made ofsilicon(microelectronics/semiconductors)Treated to be positive on one side and negative on theother.When light energy hits the cell, electrons are knocked loosefrom the atoms in the semiconductor material.If electrical conductors are attached to the positive andnegative sides, forming an electrical circuit, the electronscan be captured in the form of an electric


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Every single photovoltaic cell has smalldimensions and generally produces a powerbetween 1 and 3 watts and 0,5Volts, at thestandard test conditions (STC) of 1000W/m.

To get a bigger power and voltage, it isnecessary to connect several cells among

themselves to create bigger units calledmodules


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The modules, in their turn, can be connectedto constitute panels, called photovoltaic fieldstoo, that produce the power wanted from theapplication

Therefore the photovoltaic system is aunification of mechanical, electric and

electronic components that contribute to captand transform the available solar energy,making it usable from the usership in electricenergy


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The photovoltaic system structure can bevery different Systems with fixed inclination -(fixed supporting structure)

Systems with active tracking - single/doubleaxis tracking systems (characterized by stepby step motors and control electronics)

Lonely systems or stand aloneNetwork connected systems or grid

connected


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Some benefits of

photovoltaicsNo fuel requirements - In remote areas diesel

or kerosene fuel supplies are erratic and oftenvery expensive

Modular design - A solar array comprisesindividual PV modules, which can beconnected to meet a particular demand.

Reliability of PV modules - This has beenshown to be significantly higher than that ofdiesel generators.


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Easy to maintain - Operation and routinemaintenance requirements are simple

Long life - With no moving parts and alldelicate surfaces protected, modules can beexpected to provide power for 15 years ormore.

Environmentally benign - There is no pollutionthrough the use of a PV system nor is thereany heat or noise generated which couldcause local discomfort


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PV applicationsRural electrification lighting and power supplies for remote

building (mosques, churches, temples etc

.farms, schools, mountain refuge huts) - lowwattage fluorescent lighting is recommended

power supplies for remote villages

street lighting individual house systems

battery charging

mini grids


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Used for pumping

system

PV can be used to power water pumping systems Practical Action


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2.Water pumping and treatment systems

pumping for drinking water

pumping for irrigation dewatering and drainage

ice production

saltwater desalination systems

water purification


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3.Health care systems

lighting in rural clinics

UHF transceivers between health centres vaccine refrigeration

ice pack freezing for vaccine carriers

sterilises

blood storage refrigerators


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4. Communications

radio repeaters

remote TV and radio receivers remote weather measuring

mobile radios

rural telephone kiosks

data acquisition and transmission (forexample, river levels and seismographs)


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5. Transport aids

road sign lighting

railway crossings and signals hazard and warning lights

navigation buoys

road markers


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6. Security systems

security lighting

remote alarm system electric fences


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7. Miscellaneous

ventilation systems

calculators pumping and automated feeding systems on

fish farms

solar water heater circulation pumps

boat / ship power

vehicle battery trickle chargers

earthquake monitoring systems

emergency power for disaster relief


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Indias Solar Profile

India ranks 3rd in annualproduction capacity of solar

PV ahead of Germany,

France and Australia

India increasing budget for

implementing solar power

plants


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India Has a Lot of

SunlightSunlight on the surface of earth is the

radiation received from sun.

India has adequate sunshine available formost parts of the year, including rural areas.

The amount of solar energy impacting thesurface of earth is 1000 watts per square

meter, which is about 32.8 million MW everysecond on the Indian land mass.

*A large part of the incident heat is reflectedto the outer space or radiated back to space.


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Solar lanterns :A recent innovation in solartechnology is the solar lantern. Originallydesigned for the outdoor leisure market inwestern countries, this simple lantern with asmall PV module (5 -10 watts) is extremelyappropriate to use in rural areas of developingcountries for replacing kerosene lamps. Cost

is still a barrier, as is the potential for localmanufacture, but there is enormous scope forwidespread dissemination of a simple, robustsolar lantern.


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Cost Analysis of

Different Lamps


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Illumination Level of

Lamps


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Investigation on Solar

Lamps

The out put power generated by PV Source during insolation


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A Basket weavers in a Solar Rural House of Bodam Village In

Patamda Block of East Singhbhoom District of Jharkhand State


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Q Ah San Solar Power Lantern for FloodAffected Area IEEE 2000 page 487 492

INTELLIGENT SOLAR LAMPS FOR RURALINDIA-Case study in jharkhand by S. N .Singh , Dr A .K .Singh Dept of ECE NITJAMSHEDPUR.


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Ministry of New and

Renewable EnergyPhotovoltaic Program:55000 street lighting systems340,000 home lighting systems

1566 kW of power plants540,000 solar lanterns have been produced


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A total of 32 grid interactive solar PV powerplants have been installed in the country withfinancial assistance from the Federal

Government

These plants, with aggregate capacity of 2.1MW, are estimated to generate about 2.52million units of electricity in a year

For rural electrification as well as employmentand income generation, about 16,530 solarphotovoltaic lighting systems were installed

during 2004-05


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PHOTOVOLTAIC OUTPUT

BY STATE


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SELECTED FOR SOLAR

ELECTRIFICATION


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FUTURE PLANS BY MNESA 10 million square meter solar collector area

capable of conserving electricity equivalent tothat generated from a 500 MW power plant is

expected to be set up by 2022.

India has recently proposed to augmentcooking, lighting, and motive power withrenewable in 600,000 villages by 2032,starting with 10,000 remote off-grid villagesby 2012.


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minigrids in

SunderbansNine SPV mini-grids with a cumulative

installed capacity of 344.5 kWp have beeninstalled by WBREDA in Sunderbans

Each of the 1,750 consumers, who typicallywould have used kerosene for lighting anddiesel- based battery charging for TV viewing,has the potential of saving 228.2 kg CO2emissions annually, as per a study conductedin the year 2000


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Another survey in this region has reportedupon the tangible benefits of SPV mini-grids

These benefits include:-

the ability to do agricultural work at night

longer periods of work for small trades and

an ensuing increase in income due to these

extended hours of operation


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Kaveri Agri-Care Pvt.

Ltd., IndiaThe plant specializes in drying coir peat,which is a fine granular material extractedfrom underneath the coconut skin.

The final product is extremely absorbent andbuoyant,making it ideal for usage in soilreplacement and oil spills

It was important to have a drying process thatwould be cost effective, that would not addfurther pollution to the local environment, andthat would not adversely harm the coir peat.


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It was determined that SolarWall technologywould provide a cost-effective means forreducing diesel fuel. 414 m square (4456 ft2)

of solar cladding were installed on the southfacing roof.

The heat from the panels is ducted down intothe burner, yielding a nominal air flow of 60m3/h/m2 and preheating the air entering thedryer by 20 C.

It displaces about 14% of the heating fuel,

yielding a 2 year payback.


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SolarWall panels are mounted on the roof of the processing plant to provide a

supply of warm air to dry the coir peat


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PV Manufacturers in IndiaTATA BP

BHEL

CENTRAL ELECTRONICS LTDSELCO INDIA


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Disadvantages of Solar

Energy for Rural IndiaLow intensity or dispersionIts unpredictability, which varies with the

whims of weather (Monsoon Season)

Cost of Solar Equipment for the poor Financing schemesIndian Renewable Energy Development Agency

(IREDA) - a Public Limited Company, providingrevolving fund to financing and leasingcompanies offering affordable credit for thepurchase of PV systems


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CONCLUSIONIn India, the scientific focus is deliberately

moving towards transforming coal into cleanenergy as well as harnessing hydropower.

The recent surge in nuclear energy is alsodiverting focus from the solar energyenhancement.

In all probability, the Indian government willsupport off-grid solar energy productionthrough a decentralized manner


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http://ecoworld.com/features/2007/05/15/india

Solar Energy: Alternative to CombatEnergy Insecurity in India, Shikha Bisht &Biswajayee Patra Article No:96, December 12,2006

http://www.economywatch.com/business-and-

Akanksha Chaurey, TERI, E-mail:[email protected]

BIBILOGRAPHY
http://ecoworld.com/features/2007/05/15/indias-solar-power/http://www.economywatch.com/business-and-economy/india-energy.htmlhttp://www.economywatch.com/business-and-economy/india-energy.htmlhttp://ecoworld.com/features/2007/05/15/indias-solar-power/


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Chaurey, A. Ramakrishna Mission InitiativeImpact Study. Final Report under thecontract NREL/SR-520-28601. Available at

.http://Solarwall.com

Photovoltaic systems: solar energy based

technologyhttp://dev.emcelettronica.com/print/51991

http://practicalaction.org
http://solarwall.com/http://dev.emcelettronica.com/print/51991http://practicalaction.org/http://practicalaction.org/http://dev.emcelettronica.com/print/51991http://solarwall.com/


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http://www.ren21.net

http://mnes.nic.in/annualreport/2004_2005_En

CII Godrej GBC Publication, RES - Fact Sheet- No.3

INTELLIGENT SOLAR LAMPS FOR RURALINDIA a case study by S. N . Singh , Dr A

.K .Singh- NIT JAMSHEDPUR
http://www.ren21.net/http://mnes.nic.in/annualreport/2004_2005_English/ch12_pg1.htmhttp://mnes.nic.in/annualreport/2004_2005_English/ch12_pg1.htmhttp://www.ren21.net/


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application of solar pvs in india

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