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Application Optimization

Anthony Lockhart, WAAS Product Manager

BRKRST-2514

© 2017 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

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• How is the WAN Changing

• Application Optimization

• How WAAS Works

• Leveraging Akamai Connect

• Deploying Application Optimization

• Central Manager Overview

• Interception Overview

• Branch Deployment

• Data Center Deployment

Agenda


Which of the following impacts user experience?

WAAS Quiz

Packet lossBandwidth Latency

All of the above

BRKRST-2514 5


Which top SaaS app customer inquire about?

WAAS Quiz

BRKRST-2514 6


In which of the following public cloud, Cisco WAAS is available?

WAAS Quiz

BRKRST-2514 7


Which of the following HW platforms supports WAAS?

WAAS Quiz

ENCS

UCS-C

ISR4000

UCS-E

All of the above

BRKRST-2514 8

How is the WAN Changing


Why are enterprises thinking about SD-WAN?

Have either 2 or 3 WAN

connections/branch

70%

of Apps accessed via

Internet

50%

Cite poor application

performance and latency as

corporate WAN concern

48.6%

Cite management of

connectivity at branch as a

challenge

32.4%

Source: IDC Worldwide SD-WAN Survey Special Report (May 2016) BRKRST-2514 10


IT Priorities Focused on Business Outcomes

BRKRST-2514 11


Application Performance Impacts Business Productivity

REVENUE LOSS

Source: Walmart Source: Akamai

EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY

Conversion Rate Abandonment Rate

Abandonm

ent

Rate

(%

)

>150-1 3-4 7-8 11-12

Page Load Time (sec)

Population % Conversion Rate

Page Load Time (sec)

iPhone

Employee Experience

Source: Aberdeen Group

Decreased employee satisfaction

58%

Lost Revenue opportunity

50%

Decreased responsiveness to needs

47%

Damage to brand reputation

32%

Decreased effectiveness of IT staff

31%

Slower Pages Low Conversion RateEmployee

Experience

BRKRST-2514 12

Application Optimization (WAAS)


Building Blocks of WAAS

Bandwidth

Object

Cache

Latency Application Behavior

DRE LZTCP Flow

OptimizationAO AO AO

BRKRST-2514 14

Leveraging Akamai Connect


Transport

Independent

DMVPN/IPSec Performance Routing (PfR)

Intelligent

Path Control

Application Visibility and Control (AVC)

Akamai Connect

WAAS

Application

Optimization

IOS Firewall/IPS

Cloud Web Security

Secure

Connectivity

Akamai Connect Part of Cisco Intelligent WANCisco Intelligent WAN

AKAMAI Connect

Transparent

CacheDynamic URL Cache

Akamai

Connected Cache

Content

Pre-positioning

CISCO WAAS

LZ Compression

TCP Optimization

Data De-duplication

Application Specific Acceleration

BRKRST-2514 16


Akamai HTTP/S Object Caching Technology & Intelligence Integrated Into Cisco ISR-AX Routers & WAVE Appliances

Akamai Connect accelerates HTTP/HTTPS applications, video and content

in the branch, while maximizing existing enterprise network bandwidth

Branch

End-UserAkamai Connect

integrated into

Cisco ISR-AX

routers

ISR-AX+AC INTERNET

Akamai Intelligent Platform

Data Center

WAAS

WAN

BRKRST-2514 17


WAAS and Akamai Connect Integration

BRKRST-2514 18


Challenges

• Delivering corporate live video over the enterprise network - serving 70K+ end users across 250 branches globally

• End-users in South America and Asia suffer from WAN congestion and video quality issues with frequent re-buffering and slow load times

Benefits

• Cisco IWAN with Akamai Connect caches live and on-demand HTTP video fragments

• Resulted in significant WAN offload while improving video quality & end-user experiences

• Reduced IT tickets related to corporate video webcast quality/performance issues

Use Case - Accelerate Live Video and Offload the WAN

WAN/Internet

Private/Public Cloud

Branch

ISR-AX+AC

Private/Public Cloud

Branch

RouterWAN/Internet

Without Cisco IWAN with Akamai Connect

With Cisco IWAN with Akamai Connect

BRKRST-2514 19

© 2017 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20BRKRST-2514

Software Updates Are Overwhelming The Enterprise Network


Updating 3 iPads resulted in

2.67GB of WAN offload

Software updates keep growing and consuming more enterprise network bandwidth

iOS 7 Update = ~700MB; iOS 8 Update = ~ 1.1GB

Windows 10 update = ~2.7GB

Akamai Connect can help by caching iOS, OSX, and Windows Updates updates locally

Improving performance

Offloading the enterprise network

Akamai Connect Use Case – Software Downloads

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

WAN response(MB)

LAN response(MB)

Content requested from

download.windowsupdate.com

Microsoft software

updates delivered from

the router in the branch

BRKRST-2514 21


Object Versus Byte Caching – 1st Pass

Byte caching

End-user

Data Center

WAAS

Branch

WAAS

Object 1 Object 1

Data transferred over link

WAN

Symmetric deployment over WAN/MPLS

Functions at TCP layer

WAN / Internet

Object caching

End-user

Data Center

WAAS

Branch

WAAS+AC

Object 1 Object 1Data transferred

over link

Both symmetric & asymmetric deployment over WAN/MPLS & Internet

Functions at HTTP layer

BRKRST-2514 22


Object Versus Byte Caching – 2nd Pass

Byte caching

End-user

Data Center

WAAS

Branch

WAAS

Object 1 Object 1Data transferred over link

WAN

Symmetric deployment over WAN/MPLS

Functions at TCP layer

WAN / Internet

Object caching

End-user

Data Center

WAAS

Branch

WAAS+AC

Object 1

No data transferred over link

Both symmetric & asymmetric deployment over WAN/MPLS & Internet

Functions at HTTP layer

BRKRST-2514 23

Cisco WAAS Form Factors


Router Integrated Virtual AppliancePhysical Appliance

WAAS Form Factors

BRKRST-2514 25


Cisco Application Optimization Form Factors

Cisco

WAAS

WAAS Appliance Application acceleration

Scalable platforms for range of

deployments

200 – 150,000 optimized flows

ISR-WAAS on ISR4K Zero footprint integration on ISR 4000

Identical features and management as other WAAS options

Simple installation has you up and running in 7 minutes

Seamlessly add capacity with AppNav

Included in Cisco One Foundation and AX

Virtual WAAS on UCS-E

Ideal for hosting on UCS-E on ISR 4K

with other apps

Flexible hardware options for WAAS & other apps

Software on-demand provisioning

No forklift upgrade

Included with Cisco and AX on ISR4K router

Virtual WAAS in the cloud For public Cloud and SaaS acceleration

200 Connection to 12K Connections

Hourly or BYOL

Solution template for ease of deployment

WAAS NFV on ENCS Scale as you grow

WAAS 200 Conn-12K conn

Interop/Service Chaining with other NFVs

Included in WAN Foundation

BRKRST-2514 26


Appliance FamilyP

erf

orm

an

ce

Scalability

WAVE-294

WAVE-594

WAVE-694

WAVE-7541

WAVE-7571

WAVE-8541

2 Gbps

1 Gbps

500 Mbps

200 Mbps

100 Mbps

20Mbps

400

1,300

6,000

60,000

18,000

150,000

BRKRST-2514 27


• Hypervisors supported: Microsoft HyperV, VMWare ESXI, and KVM

(RHEL and CentOS), NFVIS

vWAAS FamilyP

erf

orm

an

ce

Scalability

vWAAS 750

vWAAS 6000

vWAAS 12000

vWAAS 150

vWAAS 50000

vWAAS 1300

vWAAS 2500

vWAAS 200

BRKRST-2514 28


Router Integrated OptionsUCS-E

ISR-WAAS

ISR-4xxx Series

BRKRST-2514 29


ISR-WAAS on ISR4K

Delivering a High Quality Experience Across All Branches

ISR 4321ISR-WAAS 200

ISR 4331ISR-WAAS 750

ISR 4351 ISR-WAAS 750

ISR 4431 ISR-WAAS 1300

ISR 4451-X ISR-WAAS 2500

ISR-WAAS is virtualized WAAS running

within a VM container on ISR-4K

BRKRST-2514 30


Branch IT Device & Maintenance Consolidation

ServerAppl AccelADSL ServiceMPLS + VoicePoE Switch • MPLS + DIA

• App Server• App Acceleration• Voice GW• PoE Switch• Security

- Lower Maintenance –One Support Contract

- Less Space, Less Power, Less Noise

• 5 Power Sockets

• 5 Support Contracts

BRKRST-2514 31


Cisco WAAS & Akamai Connect Deployment Models

Data Center or

Private CloudWAAS

Appliances

VMware ESXi

vWAAS

Appliances

Server VMs

Branch OfficeISR-WAAS

on ISR 4000

WAN

Internet

vWAASServer

VMs

VMware ESXi Server

Nexus 1000v

UCS /x86 Server/CSP 2100

FC SAN

Virtual Private Cloud

Branch OfficeWAAS

Appliance

Branch Office

WAAS

Appliance

Branch Office

WAAS

Service

Module/ UCSe

CSR1000v +

AppNav-XE

ASR1K +

AppNav-XE

BRKRST-2514 32

Sizing


Factors Influencing Application Optimization Design

Business drivers

a) New application role out (video, SaaS apps, digital signage, etc.)?

b) WAN Bandwidth upgrade avoidance?

c) Solve existing application performance challenge?

d) BYOD / VDI initiative?

Network Considerations

a) Number of locations and WAN Bandwidth and Latency

b) Hub and spoke or full/ partial mesh topology from an application access perspective?

c) Direct Internet Access?

d) Existing network devices and software versions (e.g. routers, switches, etc.)

e) HA requirements

BRKRST-2514 34

Deploying Application Optimization

The WAAS Central Manager (CM)


Comprehensive Management

Central Configuration

Device Grouping

Monitoring & Alerts

Easy-to-use Interface

Graphical U/I, Wizards

IOS CLI

Roles-based admin

Proven Scalability

Up to 2,000 nodes

Redundancy and recovery

Centralized Management

BRKRST-2514 37


• Available for ESXi, Hyper-V or RHEL KVM

WAAS VIRTUAL CM FamilyP

erf

orm

an

ce

Scalability

vCM 1000

vCM 100

vCM 2000

vCM 500

BRKRST-2514 38


Appliance CM FamilyP

erf

orm

an

ce

Scalability

WAVE-294

WAVE-594

WAVE-694

2000 Nodes

1000 Nodes

250 Nodes

BRKRST-2514 39


Manage All Devices from a Centralized Location

BRKRST-2514 40


Device Dashboard

BRKRST-2514 41


Real Time Statistics

BRKRST-2514 42

Interception Methods


WAN

Branch office1Branch Office2

Branch Office3

WAE1

WAE2

WAE3

Mask based flow distribution• Source/Destination IP and port• Calculated Mask

Mask Value Result

00:00:03:00 00:00:00:00 WAE-1

00:00:03:00 00:00:01:00 WAE-2

00:00:03:00 00:00:02:00 WAE-3

Redirect ACL

Several Hundred ACL Entries

TCA

M E

ntr

ies

CP

U u

tiliz

atio

n

• Traditional In-Line has limited scale • Heavy administration for redirect ACLs

• TCAM memory and high CPU utilization

WAN

Pre-AppNav Deployment Challenges

Traditional WCCP:

BRKRST-2514 44


Data Center

AppNav Solution

Data Center

AppNav

Interception

Load

Dis

trib

ution

Optimization

Redirection

Asymmetric Traffic and H.A.

AppNav-XE

BRKRST-2514 45


AppNav policyFlow distribution policy (AppNav -> WAAS)• AppNav Classmap traffic classification

• Per peer OR 3 tuple SRC/DST IP and DST port• Mix one peer + SRC/DST IP and DST port

• AppNav Policy• Primary (& backup WNGs)• Monitoring of Aos• Nested policy

Optimization policyOptimization/accelration associated with given traffic (WAAS)• Optimization Classmap identifying traffic• Optimization/acceleration tied to the traffic

• TFO• LZ• DRE (Uni, Bi, Adaptive)• AO

AppNavpolicy

WN1 WN2 WN3

Unclassifiedtraffic

WN4 WN5

WN6 WN7 WN8

SN9

Pass-through

AppNav Controller

Optimizationpolicy

Unoptimizedtraffic

Unoptimized

HTTP AO

HTTPS AO

CIFS AO

MAPI AO

WAAS

Where do I send the Packets What do I do with the Packets

AppNav and WAAS Policy Engine

BRKRST-2514 46


TFO and AO Load-Based Optimization Data Center

WAAS1

WAAS2

CiscoAppNav

WAN

Branch Office

OverloadFeedback

• AO Not running (not configured, not licensed or disabled)

AO running but no new connections accepted due to:

• Its connection/resource thresholds exceeded

• It is losing keepalives with policy engine (may be overloaded)

• Overall device connection/resource thresholds exceeded

• DRE processing latency is above threshold

If AO is not monitored, load

refers to the maximum TFO-

optimized connection limit of

the WN

BRKRST-2514 47


AppNav Affinity Features

• AppNav’s powerful policy engine allows for easy separation of branch traffic

• No knowledge of IP addresses or ACLs requiredBr1_WAAS

Br2_WAAS

Br3_WAAS

Branch1 Traffic

Branch2 Traffic

Branch3 Traffic

DataCenter

Cisco AppNav

Branch Office_1

Branch Office_3

Branch Office_2

WAN

Other Cluster

SSL Cluster

HTTP Cluster Cisco

AppNav

Branch Office

Branch Office

Branch Office

WAN

HTTP Traffic

SSL Traffic

Other Traffic

• Split traffic into separate application clusters

• Allows WAAS to easily adapt to application traffic increases and changes.

BRKRST-2514 48


WAN

WAAS_1

WAAS_2

Data Center

WAAS_3

Branch Office

Cisco WAAS device down

WAN

Branch Office

Cisco WAAS device up

WAAS_1

WAAS_2

Data Center

WAAS_3

WAAS Node High Availability

BRKRST-2514 49


AppNav Form Factors

Both part of WAAS no explicit license needed

AppNav IOM

AppNav Appliance

AppNav-XE on CSR, part of AX

AppNav-XE on ISR 4xxx, part of AX

AppNav-XE on ASR 1K, part of AES or AIS

BRKRST-2514 50


AppNav-XE (AppNav on IOS-XE)

Software Based

Intercepts network traffic as a feature on an interface

Supports VRF

Up to 32 Service Contexts

Can interoperate with many features

No extra external equipment and cabling

AppNav appliance (Hardware Module)

Hardware based

Intercepts network traffic inline or via WCCP

Does not support VRF

Single Service Context

AppNav-XE vs AppNav Appliance

BRKRST-2514 51


Key Benefits of AppNav-XE

• No extra external equipment and cabling

• No other interception protocol needed such as WCCP or PBR

• VRF Aware

WCCP/PBR

BRKRST-2514 52

Deploying Application Optimization -Branch


Configuring a Single AppNav-XE on ISR-4K

54TECCRS-2004

Step 2: Configure the AppNav Controller Group (IP address of the ANC)

service-insertion service-node-group sng1

service-node 2.43.182.34

Step 3: Configure the Service Node Group (IP address of the SN)

service-insertion appnav-controller-group ancg

appnav-controller 2.43.183.133

Step 1: Choose an interface (or create an interface) for the AppNav-XE

interface Loopback0

ip address 2.43.183.133 255.255.255.255



55TECCRS-2004

Step 5: Configure the AppNav Class Map(s)

policy-map type appnav AppNav-policy

class default

distribute service-node-group sng1

Step 6: Configure the Policy Map(s)

class-map type appnav match-any AppNav-default-class

match access-group name AppNav-default-ACL

Step 4: Configure the AppNav Access Control List(s)

ip access-list extended AppNav-default-ACL

permit tcp any any



56TECCRS-2004

Step 8: Enable AppNav Interception

interface wan_interface

service-insertion appnav

Step 7: Configure the Service Context

service-insertion service-context appnav/1

appnav-controller-group ancg

service-node-group sng1

service-policy AppNav-policy

enable

© 2017 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 57TECCRS-2004

Configuring AppNav-XE and ISR-WAAS (EZConfig)

rtr97-02#service waas enable

**************************************************************************

**** Entering WAAS service interactive mode. ****

**** You will be asked a series of questions, and your answers ****

**** will be used to modify this device's configuration to ****

**** enable a WAAS Service on this router. ****

**************************************************************************

Continue? [y]: y

At any time: ? for help, CTRL-C to exit.

Prerequisites

• Copy an ISR-WAAS image to the bootflash before

• Need two routable addresses

• Need the address of the CM

• Automatically creates the AppNav configuration, installs ISR-WAAS with a basic configuration, and registers to the CM


AppNav-XE EZConfig ACLsip access-list extended AUTOWAAS

permit tcp any any

ip access-list extended CIFS

permit tcp any any eq 139


ip access-list extended Citrix-CGP


ip access-list extended Citrix-ICA


ip access-list extended EPMAP

permit tcp any any eq msrpc

ip access-list extended HTTP

permit tcp any any eq www





ip access-list extended HTTPS


ip access-list extended NFS


ip access-list extended RTSP



ip access-list extended SN_OR_WCM

permit tcp host 2.43.182.50 any

permit tcp any host 2.43.182.50

permit tcp host 2.43.183.230 any

permit tcp any host 2.43.183.230


AppNav-XE EZConfig class-maps

class-map type appnav match-any RTSP

match access-group name RTSP

class-map type appnav match-any AUTOWAAS

match access-group name AUTOWAAS

class-map type appnav match-any MAPI

match protocol mapi

class-map type appnav match-any HTTP

match access-group name HTTP

class-map type appnav match-any CIFS

match access-group name CIFS

class-map type appnav match-any Citrix-CGP

match access-group name Citrix-CGP

class-map type appnav match-any EPMAP

match access-group name EPMAP

class-map type appnav match-any HTTPS

match access-group name HTTPS

class-map type appnav match-any SN_OR_WCM

match access-group name SN_OR_WCM

class-map type appnav match-any NFS

match access-group name NFS

class-map type appnav match-any Citrix-ICA

match access-group name Citrix-ICA


AppNav-XE EZConfig policy-mappolicy-map type appnav AUTOWAAS

description AUTOWAAS global policy

class SN_OR_WCM

pass-through

class HTTP

distribute service-node-group AUTOWAAS-SNG

monitor-load http

class MAPI


monitor-load mapi

class HTTPS


monitor-load ssl

class CIFS


monitor-load cifs

class Citrix-ICA


monitor-load ica

class Citrix-CGP


monitor-load ica

class EPMAP


monitor-load MS-port-mapper

class NFS


monitor-load nfs

class RTSP


monitor-load video

class AUTOWAAS



AppNav-XE EZConfig service-insertionservice-insertion service-node-group AUTOWAAS-SNG

description "AUTOWAAS”


no node-discovery enable

!

service-insertion appnav-controller-group AUTOWAAS-SCG

description "AUTOWAAS”


!

service-insertion service-context waas/1

appnav-controller-group AUTOWAAS-SCG

service-node-group AUTOWAAS-SNG

service-policy AUTOWAAS

vrf default

enable

We recommend you disable node-discovery.


AppNav-XE EZConfig VirtualPortGroup

interface VirtualPortGroup31

ip address 2.43.182.49 255.255.255.240

no mop enabled

no mop sysid

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0.921

description Vlan921

encapsulation dot1Q 921

ip address 2.43.183.163 255.255.255.224

no cdp enable

service-insertion waas

The service-insertion is added to the WAN interfaces you designated during the EZConfig


ISR 4K’s Branch Use-Case Dual Router

• Challenges/Needs: Dual router, asymmetrical in the branch, router redundancy

• Solution: ISR4K integrated AppNav and WAAS, form single cluster

• Benefit: Eliminate complex configuration with integrated AppNav

AppNav

communication

WAAS

communication

Branch

LAN WAN

MPLS

INTERNET

TECCRS-2004 63


Dual ISR 4K Deployment – Configure CLI mode• Run EZConfig on both Routers

• Modify the service-node-group on each router to include the other ISR-WAAS

• Modify the appnav-controller group on each router to include the other ISR-4K

• Benefit = Saves resources on your WCM

• Disadvantage = CLI administration for changes and troubleshooting

Router 1

service-insertion service-node-group AUTOWAAS-SNG

description "AUTOWAAS"



node-discovery enable

!





Router 2

service-insertion service-node-group AUTOWAAS-SNG




node-discovery enable

!





Assign 4K to AppNav

Controller group on each other

Assign ISR-WAAS to WAAS

Node Group on each other


Dual ISR 4K Deployment – Verify CLI mode

Router-1#show service-insertion appnav-controller-group

All AppNav Controller Groups in service context

Appnav Controller Group : AUTOWAAS-SCG

Member Appnav Controller Count : 2

Members:

IP Address

192.168.2.2

192.168.2.3

AppNav Controller : 192.168.2.2

Local AppNav Controller : Yes

Current status of AppNav Controller : Alive

Time current status was reached : Mon Apr 6 01:15:32 2015

Cluster protocol ICIMP version : 1.1

Cluster protocol Incarnation Number : 1

Cluster protocol Last Sent Sequence Number : 0

Cluster protocol Last Received Sequence Number : 0

Current AC View of AppNav Controller

IP Address

192.168.2.2

192.168.2.3

Current SN View of AppNav Controller

IP Address

192.168.2.10

192.168.2.11


Dual ISR 4K Deployment – GUI mode• Run EZConfig on both Routers to install ISR-WAAS (don’t specify interface for intercept)

• Register Both Routers to WCM (enable http secure server & ssh on routers)

• Run AppNav Wizard

• Benefit = Single view of interception & optimization, easier troubleshooting & customization

• Disadvantage = Consumes resources on WCM (Max = 300 AppNav Clusters)

ip domain-name cisco.local

username admin privilege 15 password 0 default

ip http secure-server

ip http authentication local

line vty 0 15

transport input ssh


Dual ISR 4K Deployment – GUI mode

• After the routers are registered, the routers and the ISR-WAAS running on those routers will both show as devices in the Devices list

• Now, you can use the AppNav Cluster Wizard to build the AppNav Cluster

Be sure to select the correct interfaces for WAN interface, Cluster interface for each device.

67TECCRS-2004


Verify WAAS Operation

• For AppNav-XE, check…show service-insertion appnav-controller-group

show service-insertion service-node-group

show service-insertion statistics service-node-group

• For AppNav Controller (AIOM), check…show wccp statistics

show service-insertion appnav-controller-group

show service-insertion service-node-group

show statistics service-insertion service-node-group

• For AppNav Service Node (SN), check…show service-insertion service-node

show statistics service-insertion data-path

AppNav Health



• Is WAAS optimizing connections, how, and how many?

• Are the connections optimized as expected?

• Are connections passed-through that should be optimized?

• From the GUI, Monitor -> Optimization -> Connection Statistics

‘show statistics connection’



• AppNav Clusters -> (cluster name)

WAAS Central Manager GUI

Deploying Application Optimization -DC


AppNav XE Deployment (ASR or CSR)

BRKRST-2514 72



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BRKRST-2514 83

Akamai Connect


Akamai Connect

• Go to Configure Caching Akamai Connect

• Check the Enable box

• Accept the EULA

• Load the Akamai Connect License file

• If the device doesn’t have direct access to the Internet, specify a Proxy

• Watch status (up to 2 hours to become completely active)

Enable Akamai feature


Akamai Connect

• Connected cache delivers content through the Akamai CDN

• Transparent caching (standard mode) enabled by default

• Works in both dual-sided and single-sided

Connected cache and transparent caching


Akamai Connect

• WAAS optimizations are performed across the WAN between peers, and the content is cached near the client

• Includes Intranet content

Dual-sided


Akamai Connect

• Generic Internet content with proxy-specific HTTP cache-control headers

• No WAAS peer, so other WAAS optimizations (e.g. TFO, DRE, LZ, HTTP AO, SSL AO) are not used

• Content is cached near the client

Single-sided

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