appendix 15 currumbin to currumbin ... - city of gold coast · scats, tracks along fence. evidence...

Critical corridor and substantial remnant – final report ecosure.com.au | 168

Appendix 15 Currumbin to Currumbin Valley with Currumbin to Cobaki (Tweed Shire) critical corridors - detailed barrier assessment and recommendations


Table 33 Currumbin to Currumbin Valley with Currumbin to Cobaki (Tweed Shire) critical corridors - ground truthed barrier assessment and site specific recommendations (from Chenoweth 2010). Highlighted lines are those which occur within the current critical corridor extent.

KEY

Found within corridor

Barr

ier Field Site

Number

Attribute

Assessed

Physical

Description

Evident fauna

use

Located in

Corridor

(Y/N)?

Critical Crossing

location

(Y/N)?

Discussion Image Recommendations

Teem

ag

num

Str

eet

(Barr

ier

A: T

eem

an

gum

Str

eet an

d W

oo

dge

e

Str

eet)

A1 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Muliiple

1x0.5m box

culverts

- None evident Y N - Being located in the

eastern extent of the

corridor fauna use would e limited to primarily highly mobile species capable of

moving over the road pavement. The culverts

are relatively narrow.

- No specific

recommendations

given the location and nature of this crossing.

Gold

Coast H

ighw

ay

(Barr

ier

B)

B1 Road - 4 lane road

with central fence and

chain wire fencing on either side

- Various birds

including Pale

Headed Rosella

Y N - Little opportunities for

enhancement

- No specific

recommendations in relation to the road. Continue maintenance

and enhancement of vegetation either side of road.

Gold

Coast H

ighw

ay

B2 Potential

overpass

crossing of road

- 4 lane road

with

substantial cutting

- None evident Y Y - The road represents a

major barrier

- Potential opportunities

for overpass structures. - Fauna studies would be

necessary to justify a

full fauna overpass or a rope bridge.


C)

Barr

ier Field Site

Number

Attribute

Assessed

Physical

Description

Evident fauna

use

Located

in Corridor

(Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing location

(Y/N)?


Gold

Coast H

ighw

ay

(Barr

ier

B)

B3 Potential underpass

crossing of road

- 2x3m box culvert

- None evident Y Y - The box culvert is used to access either side of the

Currumbin wildlife sanctuary. The culvert is

paved and includes a small rail line.

- Could potentially be enhanced through the

use of some furniture. This would be subject

to knowledge of existing fauna use in the area.

Pacific

Hig

hw

ay (

Barr

ier

C)

C1a Potential underpass

crossing of

road

- 2x3m pedestrian

underpass

- None evident Y N - Pedestrian underpass is devoid of vegetation at

entrances and has an

asphalt base.

- Difficult to enhance without compromising

pedestrian safety

Pacific

Hig

hw

ay (

Barr

ier

C1b Potential underpass

crossing of road

- 0.5m diam RCP

- None evident Y N - RCP is immediately adjacent to the Pedestrian

underpass and caries low flows under the road.

- Too small and long for any

movement.

- Little opportunities for improvement, therefore

there are no specific recommendations


Barr

ier Field Site

Number Attribute Assessed

Physical Description

Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Pacific

Hig

hw

ay (

Barr

ier

C)

C2 Potential

underpass crossing of road

- Two 0.5m

RCP

- None evident Y N - Pipes blocked to park by

1.8m tall chain wire fence. Surrounded by mown grass.

- Too small and long for any movement.

- Little opportunities for

improvement, therefore there are no specific recommendations

Pacific

Hig

hw

ay (

Barr

ier

C)

C3 Potential

overpass crossing of

road

- Road cutting

with 4 lanes of traffic, median and

merging lane.

None evident Y Y - Although topography in this

location may prohibit the use of a full fauna

overpass, it may allow for a rope bridge. This may be

an important consideration in the area given the presence of Phascogale at

Tugun Hill.

- Fauna studies would be

necessary to justify a full fauna overpass or a

rope bridge.

Pacific

Hig

hw

ay (

Barr

ier

C) C4a Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Four 1m

diam RCP

- None evident Y N - Pipes under Pacific

Motorway are all wet cells.

- Enhance crossing under

the road when future

road upgrades allow. Enhance riparian vegetation along length

of trapezoidal drain. - Fish friendly passage

designs be

incorporated into any future upgrades or

modifications to this barrier.


ide

ntified a

s a

sp

ecific

Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Pacific

Hig

hw

ay (

Barr

ier

C)

C4b Potential


- Two 1m

diam RCP under

bikepath

- None evident Y N - Water draining from pipes

under the Pacific Motorway flows under a 3m wide

bikepath to a concrete trapezoidal drain with little fringing vegetation.

- Enhance riparian

vegetation along length of trapezoidal drain.

Pacific

Hig

hw

ay (

Barr

ier

C)

C4c Riparian

vegetation

- Trapezoidal

drain

- Dead black

rat in drain

Y N - Trapezoidal drain

connecting Pacific Highway with Blamey

Drive

- Enhance riparian

vegetation along length of trapezoidal drain.

Thro

wer

Drive (

no

t

barr

ier)

D1 Road - Road cutting None evident Y N - Cuttings on Thrower Drive

are likely to prohibit

movement for some ground dwelling fauna.

- Given settlement in the

area and the nature of Thrower Driver there is

unlikely to be any viable improvement to crossings other than

retention of any ‘at grade’ crossing plus

maintenance of canopy connectivity.


Bla

mey D

rive, C

rest D

rive,

Barr

ier Field Site

Number

Attribute

Assessed

Physical

Description

Evident fauna

use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Thro

wer

Drive (

ba

rrie

r D

:

Duri

ng

an S

treet,

Estu

ary

vie

w L

ane

, S

ara

wak

Aven

ue, T

hro

wer

Dri

ve)

D2 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Bridge

structure

approx 5m tall x100m wide

- None evident Y N - Northern bank of

Currumbin Creek includes

better quality vegetation.

- No specific

recommendations

Mill

ers

Ro

ad

(B

arr

ier

E:

Bla

mey D

rive, C

rest D

rive,

Alp

ha

Ave

nu

e, La

nsell

Drive,

Mill

ers

Drive),

)O

ce

an G

rove

E1 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Four

1x0.5m? box culverts

- None evident Y N - All cells wet. Good riparian

vegetation either side of

road. Most movement likely to be above the road.

Salvinia molesta is present

in the waterway.

- Upgrade to larger cells

with dry passage when

road works permit. - Guide fencing may be

appropriate subject to

monitoring actual movement pattern.

- Fish friendly passage

designs be



Bla

mey D

rive

(B

arr

ier

E:

Alp

ha

Ave

nu

e, La

nsell

Drive, M

illers

Dri

ve),

E2 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Three

1x0.5m box

culverts in concrete

trapezoidal drain

- None evident Y N - North side of drain is

clogged with bull rush.

Little opportunities for improvement in this

location.

- Additional planting of

riparian vegetation.

- Fish friendly passage designs be incorporated into any

future upgrades or modifications to this barrier.


F)

Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Pacific

Moto

rway (

Barr

ier

F)

F1a Potential


- Bridge

structure approx 8m

tall x170m wide

- None evident Y N - The height and width of the

crossing makes it suitable for a range of fauna,

however, there are likely to be limited ground based fauna in this area.

- Additional restoration

will improve movement opportunities for some species

Pacific

Moto

rway (

Barr

ier

F)

F1b Potential

underpass crossing of pedestrian

bridge

- Bridge

structure approx 1m tall x170m

wide

- None evident Y N - Although the crossing is

low in height, it is likely to be adequate for the ground dwelling fauna utilising the

area.

- As above.

Pacific

Moto

rway (

Barr

ier

F1c Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Drainage line

to

immediate west of Pacific

Motorway incorporatin

g fencing

- None evident Y N - Fencing to the west of the

Pacific Motorway further

limits the viability of the area to ground dwelling fauna

- As above.


F)

Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Pacific

Moto

rway (

Barr

ier

F)

F2 Potential


- 0.5m diam

RCP - Includes

gabions

- Wallaby

scats, tracks along fence.

Evidence of fauna forcing

under fencing.

Yellow faced Whip Snake

Y N - Small, separated by catch

drains, gabions etc. - Too small and long for any

movement.

- The proposed Energex line and railway will impact

roadside vegetation.

- Endeavour to retain

roadside vegetation as part of Energex line and railway planning.

- Examine the potential improvement of the

structure as part of Energex line and railway planning.

Pacific

Moto

rway (

Barr

ier

F)

F3 Potential

overpass crossing of

road

- Road cutting - None evident Y N - Topography in this location

would prohibit the use of a full fauna overpass, but may allow for a rope

bridge. This may be an important consideration in the area given the

presence of Phascogale at Tugun Hill.

- The proposed Energex line

and railway will impact roadside vegetation.


roadside vegetation as part of Energex line

and railway planning. - Examine the potential

installation of a rope

bridge as part of Energex line and

railway planning.

Pacific

Moto

rway (

Barr

ier

F4 Underpass

crossing of

road

- Bridge

structure

approx 10m tall x 100m wide

None evident Y Y - Hidden Valley

- Excellent revegetation and retention of native

vegetation. Excellent opportunities for

movement.

- No specific

recommendations

given the quality of the existing structure. However, existing

vegetation should be maintained


(Barr

ier

G)

Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Curr

um

bin

Cre

ek R

oa

d

(Barr

ier

G)

G1 Potential


- Not

assessed

- Not assessed Y N - Vehicular and pedestrian

bridge crossings of a tributary of Currumbin

Creek occur on Currumbin Creek Road. Riparian vegetation in this area

appears adequate, however the functionality

of the bridge crossing was not assessed.

- Revegetate areas on

the southern bank to between the Galleon

Way Bridge and Currumbin Creek Road Bridge.

Curr

um

bin

Cre

ek R

oa

d

(Barr

ier

G)

G2 Potential underpass

crossing of

road

- Bridge structure

approx 5m tall x 30m

wide

- None evident Y Y - Poccock Bridge. - Rocky banks although

there are some earthen

areas.

- Replacing rock with a more appropriate

surface to enable at least one ‘clean’ passage through under the structure would be

beneficial. - Revegetate areas

western banks of

Currumbin Creek.

Curr

um

bin

Cre

ek R

oa

d

G3 Potential


- Bridge

structure approx 5m

tall x 50m wide

None evident Y Y - Nicols Crossing

- The height and width of the underpass is excellent, however, rocky cobble

under bridge on both banks is likely to prohibit the movement of a wider diversity of fauna.

- Replacing cobble with a

more appropriate surface to enable at least one ‘clean’ passage through under

the structure would be beneficial.


Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Curr

um

bin

Cre

ek R

oa

d

(Barr

ier

G)

G4 Potential


- Bridge

structure approx 5m

tall x 30m wide

None evident Y Y - Craigs Crossing.

- The height the underpass is excellent, however, steep

rocky cobble on the eastern and western is likely to prohibit the

movement of a wider diversity of fauna.


more appropriate surface to enable at

least one ‘clean’ passage through under the structure would be beneficial.

Curr

um

bin

Cre

ek R

oa

d

(Barr

ier

G)

G5 Potential

underpass crossing of

road

- Bridge

structure approx 5m tall x 20m

wide

Only pedestrian

and indeterminate

prints present

Y Y - Boyds Bridge.

- Good riparian vegetation and earth banks present

under bridge.

- No specific

recommendations - Existing riparian

vegetation should be

retained and enhanced.

Curr

um

bin

Cre

ek R

oa

d (

Barr

ier

G)

G6 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Six 0.8m

diam RCPs

None evident Y Y - Dolan Crossing.

- No dry passage available. - All cells included fast

flowing water at the time of

the inspection which is likely to affect upstream

movement of aquatic fauna.



road works permit incorporating dry cells for terrestrial fauna

movement and cells to enable the passage of

aquatic fauna. More specifically, fish friendly passage designs be

incorporated into any future upgrades or modifications to this

barrier.


Galle

on W

ay to T

iern

ey D

rive)

Barr

ier Field Site

Number

Attribute

Assessed

Physical

Description

Evident fauna

use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Galle

on W

ay (

Barr

ier

H:

Galle

on W

ay to T

iern

ey

Drive)

H1 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- 0.5m (?)

diam RCP

None evident Y N - No dry passage available.






Galle

on W

ay (

Barr

ier

H:

Galle

on W

ay to T

iern

ey D

rive) H2 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Two 1.2m

diam RCPs

None evident Y N - No dry passage available.







designs be



Galle

on W

ay (

Barr

ier

H:

H3 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Two 1.2m

diam RCPs

- None evident Y N - Reasonable riparian

vegetation on either side of

culvert. - Being located in the

eastern extent of the

corridor fauna use would e limited to primarily highly

mobile species capable of moving over the road pavement



road works permit. - Existing riparian

vegetation should be



designs be incorporated into any



Drive)

Barr

ier Field Site

Number

Attribute

Assessed

Physical

Description

Evident fauna

use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Galle

on W

ay (

Barr

ier

H: G

alle

on

Way to T

iern

ey D

rive

)

H4 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Three tidal

gates

covering unknown diam RCPs

None evident Y N - Tidal gates prohibit any

movement.


with dry passage (minus tidal gate

restrictions) when road works permit.

- Guide fencing may be appropriate subject to




future upgrades or modifications to this

barrier.

Galle

on W

ay (

Barr

ier

H: G

alle

on W

ay to T

iern

ey H5 Potential

underpass

crossing of road

- Bridge

structure

approx 5m tall x 50m wide

- None evident Y Y - Rock protection on either

bank limits movement

opportunities for ground dwelling fauna. Limited riparian vegetation

adjacent to the southern bank further limits movement opportunities.

- NOTE: Vehicular and

pedestrian bridge crossings of a tributary of

Currumbin Creek occur to the immediate east of this

site on Currumbin Creek Road. Riparian vegetation in this area appears

adequate, however the functionality of the bridge

crossing was not assessed.


more appropriate

surface to enable at least one ‘clean’

passage through under the structure would be beneficial.

- Revegetate areas on

the southern bank to between the Galleon

Way Bridge and Currumbin Creek Road Bridge.


Sim

pso

ns R

oa

d a

nd M

ars

h

Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Sim

pso

ns R

oa

d (

Barr

ier

I: S

impsons

Roa

d a

nd M

ars

h P

lace)

I1 Road - NA None evident Y N - Properties either side of the

road are likely to limit movement opportunities in

this location – although some movement is probable. There is good

canopy connectivity in this location.

- There are many fauna crossing signs along the

length of Simpsons Rd (illustrated is a community

sign). - There is variability in the

permeability of fencing

along the length of Simpsons Rd

- Ensure canopy

connectivity is maintained by

engaging road works staff and road engineers.

- Engage with rural

residential land owners to restrict the use of

fencing that excludes fauna movement.

Sim

pso

ns R

oa

d (

Barr

ier

I:

Pla

ce)

I2 Road - NA None evident Y N - Properties either side of the road are likely to limit

movement opportunities in this location – although

some movement is probable.

- There are many fauna crossing signs along the

length of Simpsons Rd. - There is variability in the

permeability of fencing

along the length of

Simpsons Rd

- Ensure canopy connectivity is

maintained by engaging road works

staff and road engineers.

- Engage with rural residential land owners

to restrict the use of



(Barr

ier

J)

Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Talle

bu

dg

era

Con

nectio

n

Roa

d (

Barr

ier

J)

J1 Road - NA None evident Y N - Although surrounded by

rural residential properties the road in this specific

location is relatively at grade and provides potential movement opportunities.

- Ensure canopy



- Engage with rural



Talle

bu

dg

era

Con

nectio

n R

oad

J2 Road - NA Macropod scat

at water tower

Y Y - The steep batters on the

western side of the road and frequent guard rail on the eastern side of the

road limits fauna movement opportunities.

- A narrow ‘pad’ is located

around the fence

surrounding the water tower leading to a crossing of the road that is relatively

at grade.

- A program to assess

actual fauna use in this and surrounding

locations might assist in determining the

value of this ‘window’ and whether additional remedial measures are

needed to facilitate fauna movement.


maintained by engaging road works staff and road

engineers.


Roa

d to D

ucats

Roa

d)

Barr

ier Field Site

Number

Attribute

Assessed

Physical

Description

Evident fauna

use

Located

in Corridor

(Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing location

(Y/N)?


Talle

bu

dg

era

Con

nectio

n R

oad

(Barr

ier

J)

J3 Potential underpass

crossing of road

- Three 0.8m diam RCP

None evident Y N - Weeds either side of road

- Upgrade to larger cells with dry passage when




- Restore riparian

vegetation. - Fish friendly passage

designs be

incorporated into any


Tre

es R

oa

d (B

arr

ier

K:

Tre

es K1 Road - NA None evident Y N - The road in this location

allows good canopy

connectivity in many locations as illustrated.

However clearing works associated with the

powerline affects connectivity in some places.

- Fences associated with

rural residential property in this location are currently permeable.


maintained by engaging road works

staff and road engineers.


to restrict the use of fencing that excludes

fauna movement.


(Barr

ier

M)

Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Ducats

Roa

d (

Barr

ier

K:

Tre

es R

oa

d to D

ucats

Roa

d)

K2 Road - NA None evident Y N - The road in this location

allows good canopy connectivity in many locations as illustrated

- Ensure canopy



- Engage with rural



Pow

elin

e (

Barr

ier

L)

as

vie

we

d fro

m T

om

ew

in

Curr

um

bin

Cre

ek R

oa

d

L1 Powerline - NA None evident Y N - Power line easement with

native vegetation crossing the corridor in low lying

locations.

- Ensure energy provider

retains vegetation in low lying locations.

Tom

ew

in M

ou

nta

in R

oad

M1 Road - NA - None evident Y N - The road in this location

allows good canopy

connectivity in many locations as illustrated – although powerlines

reduces connectivity in some locations.

- Ensure canopy

connectivity is


engineers. - Engage with rural

residential land owners


fauna movement.


Barr

ier Field Site

Number

Attribute

Assessed

Physical

Description

Evident fauna

use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Tom

ew

in M

ou

nta

in R

oad

(Barr

ier

M)

M2 Road - NA None evident Y N - The road in this location

allows good canopy

connectivity in many locations as illustrated

- Ensure canopy

connectivity is


engineers. - Engage with rural

residential land owners


fauna movement.

Tom

ew

in M

ou

nta

in R

oad

(Barr

ier

M)

M3 Road - NA None evident Y N - The road in this location

allows good canopy

connectivity in many locations as illustrated

- Ensure canopy




to restrict the use of fencing that excludes fauna movement.

Bie

nven

ue d

rive

O1 Quality of

vegetation

- A narrow

strip of trees

runs between

Stewart Rd and the Pacific

Motorway behind residential

dwellings and

industrial buildings.

None evident Y N - The area provides

additional, albeit minor,

connection with vegetation associated road reserves

in the vicinity of Border Drive.


and railway will impact


- Consider retention and

enhancement of

vegetation as part of future development

application assessments.


Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Bie

nven

ue D

rive

O2 Potential


- 2x1m culvert None evident Y N - No dry passage available.

- No vegetation to the east, but good mangal

vegetation aligning drainage line to the west.



future upgrades or modifications to this

barrier. - Existing riparian

vegetation to be


Bord

er

Drive

P1 Park crossing - Narrow

paths of open space

connecting roadside vegetation

with wooded ridgeline to west

None evident Y N - Although the area currently

probably does not provide high value connectivity

opportunities there is potential given its dedication as open space.

- The proposed Energex line and railway will impact



roadside vegetation as

part of Energex line and railway planning.

- Enhance vegetation in

open space through

the establishment of diverse habitat.

- Investigate the potential

for a rope bridge connecting such restoration over Border

Drive.

Bord

er

Drive

P2 Park

Crossing

- Narrow

paths of

open space connecting

roadside vegetation with wooded

ridgeline to west

- None evident Y N - Although the area currently

probably does not provide

high value connectivity opportunities there is

potential given its dedication as open space.


and railway will impact



roadside vegetation as

part of Energex line and railway planning.

- Enhance vegetation in open space through

the establishment of diverse habitat.

- Investigate the potential

for a rope bridge connecting such restoration over Border

Drive.


Barr

ier Field Site



Evident fauna use

Located

in

Corridor (Y/N)?

Critical

Crossing

location (Y/N)?


Bain

s R

oad

Q1 Potential


- Bridge

structure approx 3m

tall x 15m wide

None evident Y N - Earth banks present under

bridge. - Lon Tan Park to the east of

the bridge supports sparse

vegetation.

- Enhance riparian

vegetation in Lon Tan Park.

© Ecosure Proprietary Limited 2016 Commercial in confidence. The information contained in this document produced by Ecosure Pty Ltd is solely for the use of the Client identified on the cover sheet for the purpose for which it has been prepared and Ecosure Pty Ltd undertakes no duty to or accepts any responsibility to any third party who may rely upon this document. All rights reserved. No section or element of this document may be removed from this documents, reproduced, electronically stored or transmitted in any form without the written permission of Ecosure Pty Ltd.

Revision History

Revision No.

Revision date

Details Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by

00 6/10/2015 Critical corridors and

substantial remnants – preliminary draft report

Rebecca Sims-Castley (Senior

Environmental Scientist); Marianne Donoghue (GIS

Analyst); Beth Kramer (Senior Environmental Scientist)

Jess Baglin,

Senior Environmental Scientist

Beth Kramer,

Senior Environmental Scientist


substantial remnants – draft report; incorporating comments from the City


Environmental Scientist); Marianne Donoghue (GIS Analyst); Julie Whelan (Senior Ecologist)

Beth Kramer

(Senior Environmental Scientist)

Dr Alan House, Principal Ecologist


substantial remnants; displaying track changes


Environmental Scientist); Marianne Donoghue (GIS Analyst)

Beth Kramer

(Senior Environmental Scientist)

Dr Alan House, Principal Ecologist


substantial remnants – final report

Marianne Donoghue (GIS Analyst)

Beth Kramer (Senior Environmental Scientist)

Distribution List

Copy # Date Type Issued to Name

1 29/01/2016 Electronic City of Gold Coast Sam Bonney

2 29/01/2016 Electronic Ecosure Administration

Citation: Ecosure (2016), Critical corridor and substantial remnant mapping – draft report revision 2, Report to City of Gold Coast, Publication Location – Burleigh Heads

Report compiled by Ecosure Pty Ltd

ABN: 63 106 067 976

[email protected] www.ecosure.com.au

PRGE385-RE.Final Report.docx

Adelaide

PO Box 145

Pooraka SA 5095

P 1300 112 021

M 0407 295 766

Brisbane

PO Box 675

Fortitude Valley QLD 4006

P 07 3606 1030

Gold Coast

PO Box 404

West Burleigh QLD 4219

P 07 5508 2046

F 07 5508 2544

Rockhampton

PO Box 235

Rockhampton QLD 4700

P 07 4994 1000

F 07 4994 1012

Sydney

PO Box 880

Surry Hills NSW 2010

P 02 9437 6919

appendix 15 currumbin to currumbin ... - city of gold coast · scats, tracks along fence. evidence...

Documents