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Changing Learning Through Invention,

Research, and Connection

Eva L. BakerNational Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, & Student TestingGraduate School of Education & Information StudiesUniversity of California, Los Angeles

Asia-Pacific Educational Research AssociationThe Ecology of Human Growth and Sustainable Societal Development: Contributions from Educational Research and InnovationsPutra World Trade Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

23 November 2010

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Learning Is a Social Activity with New Implications in the Shrinking World

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Finding the Balance for Joyful Learning

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World Education Research Association

• How can we pursue these tasks?

• Do we know what and how to share?

• Growth and development, intellectual, emotional, economic, geographic

• Trustworthy evidence to guide practice

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Essential Goals for Future

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Presentation Structure

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Two Perspectives on Inventions

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Invention Targets

• New goals, new solution

• Old goals, new solution

• Solve, ameliorate, transform

• Direct to user or tools to mediate inventions

• Reproducible results

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Invention Targets (Cont’d)

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Sources of Invention

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Technology-Push

• Inductive process

• Invention meets new purposes

• Spinning out options

• Tape

• Medications

• Games

• Relaxing constraints

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New Generations of Inventions

• Intelligent tutoring systems

• Mobile computing

• Computing “in the wild”

• Social networks

• fMRI findings

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Criteria for Learning Inventions 

1. Intuitive attractiveness

2.Addressing a new goal, to enhance individual or community capacity, including Innovation and invention as a goal to be pursued

3.A solution or tool that is feasible for use in the intended setting applying adapted or invented strategies to meet current and future requirements

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More Criteria for Learning

4. Embedded in an articulated conceptual framework or theory rather than being a one-off artifact—extensible

5. Modifiable for ranges of learners and settings, that is, adaptable

6. Acceptable to users—feasible and useful

7. Evidence of effectiveness

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Mindsets

 http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://remodelista.com/img/sub/uimg/Julies%2520Images/hook%2520lady%2520four%2520hooks.jpg&imgrefurl=http://remodelista.com/posts/hardware-brass-hooks-from-the-hook-lady&usg=__SW3TFIpZhml4uExBWmQJ8skMhfg=&h=327&w=475&sz=31&hl=en&start=516&zoom=1&tbnid=RwvBpG0werOQLM:&tbnh=167&tbnw=213&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dhook%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26biw%3D1767%26bih%3D828%26tbs%3Disch:11%2C11095&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=812&vpy=228&dur=187&hovh=186&hovw=271&tx=187&ty=120&ei=buDaTPTsMpGesQPB3K3gBw&oei=VODaTLCuGI3msQPhoJC3Bw&esq=21&page=16&ndsp=36&ved=1t:429,r:32,s:516&biw=1767&bih=828

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Failure as a Context for Invention

• Professor Baker at play

• Graduate Student Baker at work

• Thomas A. Edison

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Try and Try Again

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/facts-on-thomas-edison.html

I will not say I failed 1000 times. I will say that I discovered there are a 1000 ways that can cause failure.

http://www.picturesdepot.com/quotes/4963/thomas+edison+failure.html

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Failure and Success

Failure Success

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Research Considerations for Proactive, Integrative, and Anticipatory Learning

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200407/30/images/0729_B35.jpg&imgrefurl=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200407/30/eng20040730_151311.html&h=418&w=280&sz=55&tbnid=T60LMEhYkfqcPM:&tbnh=274&tbnw=184&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmalaysian%2Bchildren&zoom=1&q=malaysian+children&hl=en&usg=___ctUORpiuWW1PNgWIVsevPFm1yM=&sa=X&ei=2fm9TJGKK4a6sQOAnbXGBA&sqi=2&ved=0CBYQ9QEwAg

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Dealing with Differences

• Individual traits

• Cultural and linguistic factors

• Cognitive readiness

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rhinoceros_hornbill_national_aviary.jpg

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Cognitive Readiness: Preparation for the Unknown

• Problem-Solving

• Adaptation

• Risk-Assessment

• Decision-Making

• Situation Awareness

• Collaboration

• Teamwork

• Communication

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Goals of Cognitive Readiness

• Flexibility

• Integration

• Transfer

• High function in new situations

• Competence and resilience with rapidly changing constraints

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Integrating Invention and Research with Games: The River City Project

http://muve.gse.harvard.edu/rivercityproject/images/screen_skyline2.jpg

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Impact of Games

• Targeted learning

• Brain functions

• Visualization

• Verbal trade-offs

• Accelerated learning

• Re-norming of intelligence tests

• Collective mental models

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Evidence• To understand phenomena

• Attainment and growth

• Extended performance across content and context

• Assessment and accountability

• Amazon user votes

• Reliability, comparability

• Validity integration

• New psychometrics

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On Connection

• APERA and WERA membership

• Model high quality scholarship and collective conclusions

• Recommendations to influence world-wide approaches to learning research, invention, and practice

• Learning and sharing, building a new tradition

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Summary

“The best way to predict the future is to invent it.”

-----Alan Kayhttp://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Alan_Kay;http://www.viewpointsresearch.org/html/people/founders.htm

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Is it Time to Flower?

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://visuallens.files.wordpress.com/2008/07/img_4326a.jpg%3Fw%3D500%26h%3D657&imgrefurl=http://visuallens.wordpress.com/2008/07/05/the-beautiful-flower-hibiscus-bunga-raya/&usg=__x_VVKd_9k8EnxNg6x7bws9-l7gc=&h=657&w=500&sz=65&hl=en&start=180&zoom=0&tbnid=CTy8FpT0wVzhgM:&tbnh=131&tbnw=101&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmalaysia%2Bnational%2Bflower%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26biw%3D995%26bih%3D542%26tbs%3Disch:10%2C4982&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=139&vpy=313&dur=6166&hovh=138&hovw=105&tx=64&ty=50&ei=bGbZTInJOYfEsAPHicneBw&oei=-2PZTO_wD4m0sAPYzMCaBw&esq=37&page=13&ndsp=17&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:180&biw=995&bih=542

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Malaysia

Malaysia

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http://www.cse.ucla.edu

Eva L. Baker310.206.1530310.267.0152baker@cse.ucla.edu

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