AP Chemistry

Course Description:

This course is the equivalent to a full year of college level General Chemistry and

is designed to prepare students for the AP Chemistry Exam. It is intended for students

who are committed to succeeding at the college level during their high school experience.

This class requires the expectations of college students which includes considerable study

time outside of the classroom and the ability to think and reason at a higher level.

The course will challenge students to incorporate mathematical skills in the

solutions of chemistry problems, both through the use of textbook and laboratory

activities. Therefore, those students enrolled in the class should be on the accelerated

math program, meaning currently taking 4H or higher.

Textbook:

Chemistry, Fourth Edition by Zumdahl.

Resources:

Chemistry: The Central Science by Brown, LeMay Bursten

Chemistry, Eighth Edition by Chang

Chemistry: Connections to Our Changing World, Prentice Hall

by LeMay, Beall, Robblee, and Brower

Multiple-Choice and Free-Response Questions in Preparation for the AP

Chemistry Examination, Fifth Edition, D& S Markenting Systems, Inc.

The Ultimate Chemical Equations Handbook, by Hague and Smith

A Demo A Day: Volumes 1 and 2, by Gross, Bilash II, and Koob

Laboratory Text:

Chemistry: The Central Science Laboratory Experiments,

Eight Edition by Brown, LeMay, Bursten

AP Chemistry: Laboratory Investigations,

by Hostage and Fossett

Resources:

Laboratory Experiments for Advanced Placement Chemistry,

by Vonderbrink

Course Outline:

Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations (5 days)

Metric System, Unit Analysis, Dimensional Analysis, Significant Figures, Significant

Figures in Calculations, Precision and Accuracy, Temperature, Classification of Matter

Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions (6 days)

Fundamental Chemical Laws, Electrons, Nuclear Atom, Modern Atomic Theory,

Isotopes, The Periodic Table, Covalent and Ionic Bonds, Writing Chemical Formulas,

Naming Compounds

Chapters 1 and 2 Test

Chapter 3: Stoichiometry (9 days)

Atomic Mass, Mole, Mole Conversions, Molar Mass, Percent Composition of

Compounds, Determining Formulas from Percent Composition, Chemical Equations and

Balancing, Theoretical Yield, Percent Yield, Limiter

Chapter Test

Chapter 4: Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry (11 days)

Parts of a Solution, Water as a Solvent, Process of Dissolving, Electrolytes, Non-

Electrolytes, Molarity, Standard Solution, Stock Solution, Stoichiometry Problems Using

Solution Reactions, Types of Reactions, Molecular Equations, Net Ionic Equation,

Precipitation Reactions, Acid-Base reactions, Bronsted-Lowry Reactions, Titration,

Balancing Redox Reactions, Redox Reactions in Acidic or Basic Solution, Redox

Titrations

Chapter Test

Chapter 11: Properties of Solutions (7 days)

Molarity, Mass Percent, Mole Fraction, Molality, Solubility, Factors Affecting Solubility,

Colligative Properties, Raoult’s Law, Van’t Hoff Factor, Boiling Point Elevation,

Freezing Point Depression, Osmotic Pressure, Colloids

Chapter Test

Quarterly Exam

Chapter 5: Gases (6 days)

Pressure, Gas Laws, Avogadro’s Law, The Ideal Gas Law, Molar Volume of a Gas at

STP, Molar Mass of a Gas, Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure, Mole Fraction, Kinetic

Molecular Theory of Gases, van der Waals Equation, Root Mean Square Velocity,

Diffusion

Chapter Test

Chapter: 13: Chemical Equilibrium (10 days)

Equilibrium, Mass Action Expression, Equilibrium Position, Equilibrium Expression for

Gaseous Systems, Heterogeneous Equilibrium, Evaluating K, Reaction Quotient,

Calculation Equilibrium Concentrations (and Pressure), Le Chatelier’s Principle, Change

of Concentration, Pressure, and Temperature

Chapter Test

Chapter 14: Acids and Bases (12 days)

Arrhenius Theory, Bronsted-Lowry, Conjugate Acid – Base Pair, Structure of Acids,

Acid Strength, Water, The “p” Function, pH Scale, Calculating the pH of Strong Acid

Solutions, Calculating the pH of weak Acid Solutions, Percent Dissociation, Polyprotic

Acids, Bases, Calculating the pH of a strong Basic Solution, Non-Hydroxide Bases,

Calculating the pH of a weak Base Solution, Salts, Neutral Solutions, Acidic Solutions,

Basic Solutions, Acid – Base Properties of Oxides, Oxides of Non-metals, oxides of

Metals, Lewis Acid – Base Model

Chapter Test

Chapter 15: Applications of Aqueous Equilibria (12 days)

Buffered Solutions, Titrations, Equivalence Point, Titrations (pH) Curve (Strong acid

with Strong Base, Weak Acid with Strong Base, Weak Base with Strong Acid), Acid

Base Indicators, Solubility Product Constant, Relative Solubility, Common Ion Effect,

Precipitation, Complex Ions

Chapter Test

Chapter 7: Atomic Structure and Periodicity (Holiday Break and 3 days)

Electromagnetic Radiation, Plank, Einstein, de Broglie, Bohr Model, Heisenberg

Uncertainty Principle, Schrödinger, Modern Atomic Theory, Aufbav Principle, Hunds

Rule, Lanthanide and Actinide Series, Quantum Numbers, Pauli Exclusion Principle,

Ionization Energy, Effective Nuclear Charge, Trends in Ionization Energy, Electron

Affinity, Atomic Radius, Periodic Table

Chapter 8: Bonding: General Concepts (5 days)

Chemical Bonds, Types of Bonds, Ionic (positive ions, negative ions, isoelectric ions),

Energies Involved in Forming an Ionic Solid, Lattice Energy, Polar Molecule, Nonpolar

Molecule, Bond Energy, Lewis Structures, Exceptions to Octet Rule, Resonance,

Molecular Structure: VESPR Model, Double and Triple Bonds

Midterm

Chapter 9: Covalent Bonding: Orbitals (5 days)

Localized Electron Model, Hybridization of Orbitals, Sigma Bonds, Pi Bonds, Molecular

Orbital Model, Bonding Molecular Orbital, Antibonding Orbital, Bond Order,

Paramagnetism, Diamagnetism, Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules, Molecular Orbital

Theory

Test

Chapter 10: Liquids and Solids (5 days)

Condensed States, Ionic Solids, Molecular Substances, Hydrogen Bonds, London

Dispersion Forces Liquid State, Surface Tension, Capillary Action, Viscosity,

Vaporization, Heat of Vaporization, Vapor Pressure (molecular weight, Intermolecular

Forces, Temperature), Solid State, Types of Crystalline solids, Atomic Solids, Metals,

Alloys, Network Solids, Molecular Solids, Ionic Solids, Changes of State, Heating Curve,

Cooling Curve, Sublimation, Super Cooling, Super Heating, Phase Diagram, Triple Point,

Critical Point, Critical Temperature, Critical Pressure

Chapter Test

Chapter 6: Thermodynamics (4 days)

Thermodynamics (system, surroundings), Exothermic Reaction, Endothermic Reaction,

The first Law of Thermodynamics, Work at Constant Pressure, Enthalpy, Calorimetry,

Heat Capacity, Hess’s Law, Standard Enthalpy of Formation

Chapter 16: Spontaneity, Entropy, and Free Energy (6 days)

Spontaneous Change, Entropy changes in Chemical reactions, Absolute Entropy, Third

Law of Thermodynamics, Entropy vs. Structure, Gibbs Free Energy, Standard Free

Energy Change, Standard Free Energy of Formation, Non-standard Conditions, Free

Energy and Equilibrium

Chapter 6 and 16 Test

Chapter 22: Organic Chemistry (Complete by students during winter recess)

Properties of Carbon, Bonding Characteristics of Carbon, Molecular versus Structural

Formulas, Isomers, Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons, Homologous Hydrocarbon

Series, Naming of Hydrocarbons, Structural Formulas, Organic Compounds, Formation

and Characteristics (Functional Groups), Naming, Structural Formulas, Organic

Reactions, Addition, Substitution, Fermentation, Saponification, Combustion,

Esterification, Polymerization

Chapter 17: Electrochemistry (10 days)

Oxidation, Reduction, Half Reactions, Galvanic cells, Cell Potential, Standard Reduction

Potentials, Faraday, Dependence of E on Solution Concentration, Nernst Equation,

Electrolysis, Amperes, Mass

Chapter Test

Chapter 12: Rate Kinetics (9 days)

Kinetics, Rate, Mechanism, Rate Determining Step, Rate Law, Writing a

Mechanism, Order of a Reactant from Graphing, 1st Order Reactants, Orders Greater than

1, Half-Life, Zero Order Reaction, Collision Model, Activation Energy, Factors Affecting

Rate of Reaction, Concentration, Temperature, Pressure, Catalyst

Chapter Test

Equation Writing (4 days)

Review and Test Preparation (9 days)

Laboratory Experiments:

All lab experiments are performed hands-on and in class with a lab partner(s).

Each lab experiment will be a minimum of 2-3 lab hours or 3 to 4 lab periods. Labs will

be completed in successive days since we meet double period each day.

Students are required to have the pre-lab questions complete on the day of the lab

for pre-lab discussion. Post-lab questions are required the day following completion of

the lab for post-lab discussion.

AP laboratory experiments build on the foundation of the laboratory experiments

completed in the honors class as a prerequisite.

Laboratory Reports:

Each student must complete a formal laboratory report, which includes data

tables, calculations, results, etc. Please refer to the “Lab Report Procedure” handout for

the proper write-up of all labs. The laboratory reports will be graded and kept in a lab

portfolio. All lab reports and the portfolio must be complete to receive credit.