ap biology discussion notes wednesday 11/18/2015
DESCRIPTION
11/18 Question of the Day What are some ways that one species could drive another to Extinction? (You could think about us or about other species.)TRANSCRIPT
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AP Biology Discussion Notes
Wednesday 11/18/2015
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Goals for the Day1. Be able to describe & explain natural
selection & biological fitness
2. Be good AP readers & test takers!
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11/18 Question of the Day
• What are some ways that one species could drive another to Extinction? (You could think about us or about other species.)
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Evidence for EvolutionThe Tree of Life
• Is this theory saying that everything can be traced back to one common ancestor?
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Your Questions
• How can one species have supposedly turned into another if there are still organisms from that species that still exist today? (Monkey’s “turned” into humans – monkeys still exist)
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Your Questions
• How can one species have supposedly turned into another if there are still organisms from that species that still exist today? (Monkey’s “turned” into humans – monkeys still exist)
• Saying we shared a common ancestor..
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Origin of Species
• Two Main Ideas– Natural Selection– Descent with Modification
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Descent with Modification
• Descent -the fact or process of originating by generation from an ancestor
• Descent with modification all life comes from a common ancestor.
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Evidence for Descent with Modification
• Fossil Record• Homologies
– Tree of Life– (Not chain of being)
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The Fossil Record• Fossils provide an actual record of Earth’s
past life-forms and gives evidence that:
1. Earth is about 4.5 billion years old.
2. Organisms have inhabited Earth for most of its history.
3. All organisms living today share common ancestry with earlier, simpler life-forms.
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Evidence for Natural Selection
• Fossil Record shows the– Succession of
Fossil forms
– Chronological appearance of vertebrates and other groups
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Formation of Fossils
Why isn’t the fossil record complete?
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Evidence for Descent with Modification
• Fossil Evidence– Cetaceans (Whales)– Whales are mammals,
unlike sharks which are fish !
• Tree of Life– Not chain of being
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Evidence for Descent with Modification• Homologies – characteristics resulting
from common ancestry– Anatomical Homology– Embryological Homology– Molecular ( __ __ __ )Homology
How & why collect all of those animals?– To compare their structure and describe them.
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Evidence for Descent with Modification• Anatomical Homologies – fore limbs of mammals have
the same bones, which have changed over time to adapt to different lifestyles of different organisms
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Evidence for Descent with Modification• Embryological Homologies – development of vertebrates
is very similar in early stages
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Evidence for Descent with Modification• Molecular Homologies
– All species of life use the same basic machinery (DNA & RNA)
• Used to build Molecular Phylogenies
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Evidence for Descent with ModificationUsed to build Molecular Phylogenies
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Evidence for Descent with ModificationUsed to build Molecular Phylogenies
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Evidence for EvolutionMolecular Homologies
Used to build Molecular Phylogenies
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Your Questions
• Is there any scientific evidence against natural selection? What are the theories, and are they convincing?
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Your Questions• Are religion & evolution opposed to each
other – can you believe in both?
• What is behind nature?
• Is a theory saying all life is related “unreligious”?
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CER – Evolution AP Questions• NO PHONES ALLOWED – REAL AP Qs
• Write question # and then write – C: – E:– R:
• The claim is the answer you are choosing, it does not have to be the first thing you write.
• Evidence – what supports your claim• Reasoning – why or how your evidence is
connected to your claim.
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_______ 1. (32) I chose ___ as the answer to the question. (This is your claim.) Evidence: What evidence could you use to support your claim? Birds and turtles both have lungs, but so do amphibians,
mammals, and lungfish Mammals do not share a direct common ancestor with
birds. Birds share a direct common ancestor with dinosaurs only. Reptiles, birds, and early mammals (i.e. platypus/echidna)
all lay amniotic eggs Crocodiles are not the direct descendent of ray-finned
fishes. Both lungfish and amphibians branch off much before crocodiles and after ray-finned fish.
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_______ 1. (32) I chose __C_ as the answer to the question. (This is your claim.)
•Reasoning: Tie your evidence back to your claim.• Since reptiles, birds, and early mammals all
lay amniotic eggs the theory of evolution would suggest that is a trait from their common ancestor that these groups later diverged from.
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CER – Evolution AP Questions• NO PHONES ALLOWED – REAL AP Qs
• Write question # and then write – C: – E:– R:
• The claim is the answer you are choosing, it does not have to be the first thing you write.
• Evidence – what supports your claim• Reasoning – why or how your evidence is
connected to your claim.
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Looking Ahead
• Quiz on Chromatography Lab & Principles Friday 11/20– Will include water potential/diffusion questions
• 4th Reading Discussion – Thurs 12/03