Goldschmidt Industrial

Specialties

Antifoams for the

production of PVC

Datum | Name der Präsentation Seite | 2

Our Products are Suitable in All

Production Steps

TEGO®Antifoam application range

�

Polymerization

Reactor

�

Blowdown

Vessel

Monomer

Recovery

(Monomers, water,

surfactants, etc.)

Storage

Tank

StrippingColumn

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The Sintered Glass Test is

Fast, Simple & Reliable

Preparation

� One litre surfactant solution in 2-litre cylinder

� Defined amount of prediluted antifoam is added

Procedure

� Air is passed through the sintered glass (6 l/min)

� Foam is generated

� Time to reach 2 litre mark is noted

� Test is finished

Interpretation

The measured time is used as paramater to evaluate

the defoamer performance. The longer the time the

better the defoamer.

PVC defoamers are tested at 60 °C.

Lab equipment for

sintered glass test

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Sintered glass

To start, the cycliner is

filled with 1 l of surfactant

solution + defoamer

Time is noted when foam

reaches 2 l mark

The Sintered Glass Test – That is What it

Looks Like

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TEGO Antifoams KE 600 & 2280 are

Perfect for S-PVC

0,1 % PVOH, standard for S-PVC(sintered glass test)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

time [min]

TEGO

Antifoam

KS 53

TEGO

Antifoam

KS 95

TEGO

Antifoam

KE 600

TEGO

Antifoam

2280

Comp. 1

(silicon oil

based)

Comp. 2

(mineral oil

based)

Comp. 3

(vegetable

oil based)

low

high

Performance

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TEGO Antifoams KS 53 & KS 95 are

Perfect for MS-PVC and E-PVC

1 % alkyl benzene sulfonate, standard for MS- and E-PVC(sintered glass test)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

time [min]

TEGO

Antifoam

KS 53

TEGO

Antifoam

KS 95

TEGO

Antifoam

KE 600

TEGO

Antifoam

2280

Comp. 1

(silicon oil

based)

Comp. 2

(mineral

oil based)

Comp. 3

(vegetable

oil based)

low

high

Performance

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Besides good antifoaming performance

Antifoams need to be compatible to:

� The production process, which should not be affected by the type

of antifoam you use

� The existing statutory regulations, like chemical inventories or

food contact regulations

� The properties of the PVC resin, no matter in which final application

it is used

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How Antifoams can Affect the

Production Process

� Effect: separation of aqueous phase and polymeric particles

� Very seldom phenomenon which occurs only if very high amounts

of antifoam are used (> 1%).

Destabilisation of the slurry or latexDestabilisation of the slurry or latex

Inhibition of the polymerisationInhibition of the polymerisation

� Effect: polymerization yields no product or product with poor quality

� May occure in the production of E-PVC if antifoams are used

containing unsaturated C-C bonds

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Tego Antifoams are Available for

All Types of PVC

Process Production stepTEGO®

AntifoamKS 53

TEGO®

AntifoamKS 95

TEGO®

AntifoamKE 600

E-PVC

Polymerisation

Blow-downStripping

Mikro S-PVC

Polymerisation

Blow-downStripping

S-PVC

Polymerisation

Blow-downStripping

––

first recommendation

alternative recommendation

not recommended for this application

TEGO®

Antifoam2280

–

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Antifoams Need to be Listed

� Necessary to avoid limitations for final use of PVC grade

� Most important: FDA, European directive 2002/72/EC

Listing correlated to food contactListing correlated to food contact

National chemical inventoriesNational chemical inventories

� Necessary to sell a product in countries with chemical inventories

� Inventories exist all over the world

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Overview of Food Contact

Inventories for our PVC Antifoams

2002/72/EC: Commission Directive of 6 August 2002 relating to plastic materials and

articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs.

Directive

2002/72/EC

FDA

176.210

TEGO®

Antifoam

2280

TEGO®

Antifoam

KE 600

---

TEGO®

Antifoam

KS 95

TEGO®

Antifoam

KS 53

���� Most of our products can be used for food contact applications

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Tego Antifoams for PVC are Listed

in all National Inventories

TSCATSCA

DSLDSL

EINECSEINECS

ENCSENCS

AICSAICS

ECLECL

PICCSPICCS

IECSCIECSC

���� Our products can be sold in every country of the world without limitations

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Which Effect Antifoams can have on

PVC resins

Increase electrical conductivity: cable isolationIncrease electrical conductivity: cable isolation

Fogging: automotive industryFogging: automotive industry

Hazy films: production of clear filmsHazy films: production of clear films

Reduced printability and foamability: packaging, cable, tubesReduced printability and foamability: packaging, cable, tubes

Welding properties: assembling of window framesWelding properties: assembling of window frames

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Which Antifoam for Which Application?

PVC propertyTEGO®

AntifoamKS 53

TEGO®

AntifoamKS 95

TEGO®

AntifoamKE 600

TEGO®

Antifoam2280

Fogging behavior

Transparency of films

Electric resistance

Welding properties

Printability and foamability

no negative influence observed

influence may occur (depending on defoamer dosage and the total PVC formulation

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