ansys cfd + maxwell + structure
DESCRIPTION
Ansys CFD + Maxwell + StructureTRANSCRIPT
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. 101年5月31日星期四
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ANSYS Maxwell + CFD + structure
虎門科技股份有限公司 CAE事業部
李奇錄
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. 101年5月31日星期四
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Electrical Magnetic Fluid Mechanical Thermal Acoustic
Circuit
System
Component
ANSYS Workbench
ANSYS機電 – 系統解決方案
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Maxwell 2-D/3-D 電磁元件
場域求解
模型生成
HFSS
ANSYS
Mechanical 熱/應力
ANSYS CFD Fluent
PExprt 磁力
RMxprt 馬達設計
Maxwell 設計流程 – 場域耦合
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ANSYS Multiphysics Workflow
FE Motor Analysis • Efficiency • Inductance, Torque • Optimization
Analytical Motor Design • Geometry • Winding • Materials
CFD Analysis • Temp Distribution • External Cooling
Thermal FE Analysis • Temp Distribution
Structural Analysis • Stress • Deformation
Vibration Analysis • Modal • Harmonic
AutoSetup For FEA
Losses
Convective Coefficients
EM Losses Temp. Feedback
Electromagnetic Forces
Electromagnetic Force - FFT
Temperature
Temp.
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ANSYS Multiphysics Simulation Example
• From electromagnetic fields to heat, cooling, and stress
Electromagnetic field Thermo-fluid
Heat transfer
Stress
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•Resistance loss – Copper loss – Eddy current loss – Stray load loss
•Magnetic loss – Hysteresis loss
•Mechanical loss – Friction loss – Windage loss
•Coil – Copper Stranded loss – Stray load loss
•Electrical steel sheet (core) – Hysteresis loss – Eddy current loss
•Permanent magnet – Eddy current loss
•Other – Friction loss – Windage loss
Loss of Motors
Classified by loss causes Classified by parts
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Previous proposed workflow: one-way
Geometry
Losses
Maxwell Model
CFD Model
Mapped Losses
Temperature
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CFD Thermal Analysis: Results
Forced water cooling
Forced air cooling Natural air cooling
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Customers Requirements: Two Way Thermal Analysis
Geometry
Losses
Maxwell Model
CFD Model Mechanical
No fluid mesh Use HTC
Mapped Losses
Temperature Temperature Deformation
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Customers Requirements : Two Way CFD Thermal Analysis, R14
Geometry
Losses
Maxwell Model
CFD Model
Mapped Losses
Temperature
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馬達噪音
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Introduction
• Low noise regulation – Aimed at reduction in noise pollution
• Comfort Criteria – Noise causes discomfort and fatigue – Noise suppression demonstrates
technological/marketing edge
• Component Failure – Sensitivity of structure to acoustic resonances
• The above Applies to many Industry sectors:
– Transportation, Power, Environmental, Building services
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• 在電機中噪聲和振動有許多來源. • ANSYS 提供了優良的電機設計和分析能力: :
– 電磁性能 – 電氣驅動性能 – 結構分析 – 熱分析 – 聲學分析
• ANSYS 耦合技術允許映射 電磁力於多物理場域分析
簡介
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Noise Sources [1]
Magnetic
Radial
Slot Harmonics
Magnetic Unbalance
Mechanical
Self
Stator
Modes of Vibration
Rotor
Bearings Balancing
Dynamic Eccentricity
Unbalanced Rotor
Elliptical Rotor Surface
Static Eccentricity
Auxiliaries Load Induced
Couplings
Foundation
Aerodynamic
Fluid Cooling Phenomena
Electronic
Switching Harmonics
[1] P. Vigayraghavan, R. Krishnan, “Noise in Electric Machines: A Review,” IEEE, 1998
Audible Frequencies
20 Hz 20 kHz 5 kHz 261.63 Hz 60 Hz 4.186kHz
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• ANSYS Machine Design Methodology – RMxprt: 計算額定機械性能 – Maxwell:在時域計算磁有限元分析 – Simplorer:耦合RMxprt及 Maxwell協同模擬驅動設計.
電磁設計與分析
0
IGBT3
IGBT2D10
D11
D8
IGBT1
IGBT4
IGBT5D7
D12
D9
IGBT6
SINE2SINE1 SINE3
TRIANG1
+ VVM
1
E1
E2
RphaseA
RphaseB
RphaseC
w +V_ROTB1
PhaseA_in
PhaseB_in
PhaseC_in
MotionSetup1_in
PhaseA_out
PhaseB_out
PhaseC_out
MotionSetup1_out
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Maxwell – Simplorer 模擬模型 2D IPM (Interior Permanent Magnet) motor model created from RMxprt and Maxwell UDP (User Defined Primitive) for rotor
• 4 pole, 1500 RPM, 220 Volt DC bus. • Two Control Strategies used:
• 6 step inverter – In Maxwell • PWM current regulated – Cosimulation
Maxwell with Simplorer 0
0
LPhaseA
LPhaseB
LPhaseC
2.00694ohmRA
2.00694ohmRB
2.00694ohmRC
0.000512893H*KleLA
0.000512893H*KleLB
0.000512893H*KleLC
LabelID=VIA
LabelID=VIB
LabelID=VIC
+ -11VLabelID=V14
+ -11VLabelID=V15
+ -11VLabelID=V16
+ -11VLabelID=V17
+ -11VLabelID=V18
+ -11VLabelID=V19
100ohmR20
100ohmR21
100ohmR22
100ohmR23
100ohmR24
100ohmR25
LabelID=IVc1 LabelID=IVc2 LabelID=IVc3 LabelID=IVc4 LabelID=IVc5 LabelID=IVc6
-
+ 110VLabelID=V32
-
+ 110VLabelID=V33
D34
D35
D36
D37
D38
D39
D40
D41
D42
D43
D44
D45
V
S_46
V
S_47
V
S_48
V
S_49
V
S_50
V
S_51
Model
DModel1
ModelV
SModel1
0
IGBT3
IGBT2D10
D11
D8
IGBT1
IGBT4
IGBT5D7
D12
D9
IGBT6
SINE2SINE1 SINE3
TRIANG1
+ VVM
1
E1
E2
RphaseA
RphaseB
RphaseC
w +V_ROTB1
PhaseA_in
PhaseB_in
PhaseC_in
MotionSetup1_in
PhaseA_out
PhaseB_out
PhaseC_out
MotionSetup1_out
20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]
-1.10
-1.00
-0.38
0.25
0.88
1.10
Y1
Basic_Inverter1Sine Triangle ANSOFT
Curve InfoSINE1.VAL
TRSINE2.VAL
TRSINE3.VAL
TRTRIANG1.VAL
TR
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Maxwell – Simplorer 模擬模型
20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
Y1
[A]
SAS IP, Inc. Basic_Inverter1Currents ANSOFT
Curve InfoRphaseA.I
TRRphaseB.I
TRRphaseC.I
TR
20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]
0.00
2.50
5.00
7.50
10.00
12.50
15.00
FEA
1.TO
RQ
UE
SAS IP, Inc. Basic_Inverter1Torque ANSOFT
Curve InfoFEA1.TORQUE
TR
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力的計算 • 用氣隙磁通密度計算力
• Maxwell Stress Tensor – Force calculation at a point on the stator. – Force on a line in the airgap – Force on a line co-linear with the stator tooth
• Edge Force Density – Default field quantity available in Maxwell – Can be used for creating lumped force
calculations on tooth tips
• Automatic Force mapping from Maxwell to ANSYS Mechanical. (2D-2D, 2D-3D, 3D-3D)
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Edge Force Density in Maxwell
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00Time [ms]
-250.00
-200.00
-150.00
-100.00
-50.00
-0.00
50.00
Forc
e (N
ewto
ns)
02_DC-6step_IPMRadial Force on Tooth Tips ANSOFT
Curve InfoExprCache(ToothTipRadial_Full1)ExprCache(ToothTipRadial_2)ExprCache(ToothTipRadial_3)ExprCache(ToothTipRadial_4)ExprCache(ToothTipRadial_5)ExprCache(ToothTipRadial_6)
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00Time [ms]
-30.00
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
Forc
e (N
ewto
ns)
02_DC-6step_IPMTangential Force on Tooth Tips ANSOFT
Curve InfoExprCache(ToothTipTangent_Full1)ExprCache(ToothTipTangent_2)ExprCache(ToothTipTangent_3)ExprCache(ToothTipTangent_4)ExprCache(ToothTipTangent_5)ExprCache(ToothTipTangent_6)
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偏心模型
Right Side Tooth
Left Side Tooth
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偏心之電磁力 的參數研究
• 轉子偏移 0%, 25%, 50%
• 可用多核心求解模型
• 呈現: 於右方齒型上之 徑向力
• FFT of 徑向力
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邊端受力密度, 50% 偏心
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50% 偏心: 徑向和切線力 在左邊及右邊
20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]
-300.00
-250.00
-200.00
-150.00
-100.00
-50.00
0.00
Forc
e (N
)
Radial Tooth Tip Forces ANSOFT
Curve InfoRadial Force Small GapRadial Force Large Gap
20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]
-30.00
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
Forc
e (N
)
Tangential Tooth Tip Forces ANSOFT
Curve InfoTangential Force Small GapTangential Force Large Gap
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ANSYS Force Mapping
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• Direct Force Mapping – Electromagnetic forces from Maxwell to Mechanical by linking systems in
Workbench – Transient Analysis for Stress prediction
Force Mapping
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– Case 1: 0% Eccentricity
• No misalignment
– Case 2: 50 % Eccentricity • Eccentricity amount is set to
50% of gap width • Creates unbalanced electromagnetic forces
Direct Force Mapping Scenario: Study the effect of Rotor Eccentricity
Peak Edge Force Density 1.5e6 N/m2
Peak Edge Force Density 1.9e6 N/m2
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Directional Deformation Radial
• Case 1 0% Eccentricity
• Case 2 50 % Eccentricity
Max Deformation vs time
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Von Misses Stress
• Case 1 0% Eccentricity
• Case 2 50 % Eccentricity
Max Stresses vs time
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ANSYS Harmonic Analysis
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模態分析:共振頻率
Mode #1, 8502 Hz Mode #2, 8708 Hz Mode #3, 8708 Hz
Mode #4, 9080 Hz
前四個自然頻率, 相應的模式形狀
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• 確保可以在不同頻率的正弦負載設計
• 必須要可避免共振響應
• 確認聲音響應
Boundary Conditions
Input Forces
Appling harmonic forces from Maxwell into ANSYS Mechanical
Why Harmonic Analysis
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Harmonic Response – Bode plot
Helps determine that Max Amplitude (1.7mm) occurs at 8710 Hz on the selected vertex
Frequency response at a selected node location of the model.
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Amplitude distribution of the displacements at a specific frequency,
Deformation plot at 8710 Hz
Harmonic Response – Contour plot
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ANSYS Acoustics
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ANSYS中的聲學功能
• 聲學研究為聲波在介質中的產生、傳播、吸收、反射.
• 聲學問題可以認定義為: – Vibro-Acoustics: 結構產生的聲音 (ANSYS Mechanical)
– Aero-Acoustics : 空氣動力學產生的聲音 (ANSYS CFD)
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Modeling Aero-Acoustics (ANSYS CFD)
• Free-Space Problem with no solid surfaces: – sound generated from turbulence, jet noise
• Free-Space Problem with solid surfaces: – Fan noise, airframe noise, rotor noise, boundary layer noise,
cavity noise • Interior problem:
• Duct noise, mufflers, ducted fan noise
Sound pressure fluctuations
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Vibro-Acoustics (ANSYS Mechanical) Computing the acoustic field radiated by a vibrating structure
• Structure modeled in ANSYS Mechanical where vibration patterns are calculated (Modal, Harmonic Analysis). Applied loads are obtained from Maxwell.
• Vibration patterns used as boundary conditions to compute acoustic field radiated by structure (ANSYS MAPDL, ANSYS Acoustic Structures-ACTRAN)
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Acoustic Analysis – Pressure Plot
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Acoustic Analysis – Pressure Plot
0.5 m
Pres_1 Pres_2 Pres_3
Freq(Hz)
Pres
sure
(Pa)
Pressure vs Freq
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Appendix: ANSYS 14版場域映射能力
Maxwell 2D/3D ANSYS Static/Transient Structural(Two-Way Link)
ANSYS Static/Transient Structural One-Way Link (Maxwell upstream)
Electrostatic
Magnetostatic
Eddy Current
Magnetic Transient
Electric Transient
Maxwell 2D/3D ANSYS Static/Transient Thermal Two-Way Link
ANSYS Static/Transient Thermal One-Way Link (Maxwell upstream)
Electrostatic
Magnetostatic
Eddy Current
Magnetic Transient
Electric Transient
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Appendix: ANSYS 14版場域映射能力
Maxwell 2D/3D Fluent Steady State (Thermal link) Two-Way Link
Fluent Transient (Thermal link)
One-Way Link (Maxwell upstream)
Electrostatic
Magnetostatic
Eddy Current
Magnetic Transient
Electric Transient
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Thank You