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Annual Report 2010

Karolinska Institutet Annual Report 2010

This publication is an abridged version of the documentdelivered to the Swedish Government in February, 2011

Compiled by:The University Administrative Department, Karolinska Institutet

Coordinator:Nils-Fredrik Ankarcrona

Published by:The Information and Public Relations OfficeKarolinska Institutet171 77 Stockholm

ki.se

Karolinska Institutet A

nnual Report 2010

COVER

Eleven-year old Emil Sundestrand from Lerum listens attentively as Christina Ehrenborg, medical student at Karolinska Institutet, describes the anatomy of the human skeleton. Emil was one of nine young finalists for the Junior Medicine Prize, which was awarded for the first time in 2010.

The Junior Medicine Prize was inaugurated in KI’s jubilee year as part of an initiative to fire young people’s interest in science. Working in association with Kamratposten magazine and its website (KPwebben.se), KI brought young scientists from around the country into contact with doctoral students and researchers at KI.

The young people were given the opportunity to carry out a range of tasks, including researching the answers to medical problems. At the end of every month, the entrant to have produced the most successful research was named “research of the month”. To be in with a chance of winning, all researchers of the month had to respond to the last and perhaps toughest challenge of all: to write their own research plan. Here is an extract from Emil’s research plan:

“I want to research into hearing and find a way of making people hear even when they’re deaf. I want to research into this because I’m deaf and know how it feels. It’s also really annoying because CI* (the name of the hearing aid) isn’t waterproof, so I can’t join in when my friends are playing in the water unless I take it off! And then I can’t hear anything! It’s the same when I’m having a bath or a shower. I always sleep without my CI. I want to discover a way of making deaf people hear without CI!”

All nine finalists won a trip to Stockholm to visit the Kamratposten offices and take part in exciting experiments in the company of researchers, doctoral students and medical students at Karolinska Institutet. The first prize was awarded to 12-year old Michelle Atlas from Ljungbyhed.

Photo: Stefan Zimmerman

* CI stands for cochlea implant, an electronic aid to help the deaf and hard of hearing. CI stimulates the auditory nerve and enables the wearer to hear sounds, but does not replace hearing.

Karolinska Institutet is one of the world´s leading medical universities. Its mission is to contribute to the improvement of human health through research and education. Karolinska Institutet accounts for over 40 per cent of the medical academic research conducted in Sweden and offers the country´s broadest range of education in medicine and health sciences. Since 1901 the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has selected the Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine.

Karolinska Institutet Annual Report 2010Design: Sofia Lindberg

Print: ElandersISBN: 978-91-85681-32-7

Annual Report 2010Karolinska Institutet

(File no. 281/2011-100)

KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 20102

Contents

A medical university .................................................................................... inside front cover

Karolinska Institutet in brief, 2010 ....................................................................................................................................4Key ratios ....................................................................................................................................................................................5Karolinska Institutet’s structure 2010 ................................................................................................................................6Karolinska Institutet’s education and research 2010 ....................................................................................................7President’s comments on the year 2010 ..........................................................................................................................8Operational results ..................................................................................................................................................................9

Bachelor’s and Master’s education .........................................................................................10

Goals and goal achievement ............................................................................................................................................ 10The programme syllabus ................................................................................................................................................... 10Students .................................................................................................................................................................................. 13The first mission – education ............................................................................................................................................ 16Special undertakings ........................................................................................................................................................... 20Other undertakings ............................................................................................................................................................. 22Financial account ................................................................................................................................................................. 24

Doctoral education and research ...........................................................................................26

Research .................................................................................................................................................................................. 26Doctoral education ............................................................................................................................................................. 36Financial account ................................................................................................................................................................. 40

Collaboration ................................................................................................................................42

Collaboration with Stockholm County Council ......................................................................................................... 43Karolinska Institutet’s system for supporting innovations and provate sector collaboration ..................... 44Karolinska Institutet Holding AB ...................................................................................................................................... 46

Quality assurance procedures ..................................................................................................48

General quality assurance .................................................................................................................................................. 48Quality assurance and development: Bachelor’s and Master’s education ......................................................... 50Quality assurance and development: Doctoral education ..................................................................................... 52KI’s roadmap for research .................................................................................................................................................. 53Quality development and evaluation: research ......................................................................................................... 53Initiatives to improve teaching proficiency and learning skills ............................................................................. 54

Internal control ............................................................................................................................56

KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2010 3

Internationalisation .................................................................................................................... 58

Internationalisation of Bachelor’s and Master’s education ......................................................................................58Internationalisation of Doctoral education ..................................................................................................................61International research collaborations and agreements ............................................................................................62Karolinska Institutet in the world .....................................................................................................................................66

Sustainable development ......................................................................................................... 68

Equal treatment ........................................................................................................................... 72

Gender equality measures and results: students ........................................................................................................ 72Gender equality measures and results: staff ................................................................................................................ 75

Human Resources ....................................................................................................................... 78

Report on Human Resources ........................................................................................................................................... 78Competence supply management report .................................................................................................................... 82

Premises ......................................................................................................................................... 84

Asset management ..................................................................................................................... 88

Background ............................................................................................................................................................................ 88Funds ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 88Foundations ........................................................................................................................................................................... 89

Financial report ........................................................................................................................... 90

Revenue .................................................................................................................................................................................. 90Costs ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 91Change in capital ................................................................................................................................................................. 92Outcome compared with forecast ................................................................................................................................. 92Revenue statement .............................................................................................................................................................. 94Balance sheet ........................................................................................................................................................................ 95Accounting against funding and revenue headings ................................................................................................. 97Accounting principles .......................................................................................................................................................... 98Notes ......................................................................................................................................................................................100

The University Board ............................................................................................................... 112

Measurement cost per performance ..........................................................................................................................116Tables .....................................................................................................................................................................................118Glossary and abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................127


Karolinska Institutet in brief, 2010

Bachelor’s and Master’s educationProgrammes with number of degrees awardedProfessional Qualificationsn Occupational therapy 67n Midwifery 70n Biomedical laboratory science 64n Speech and language pathology 2n Medicine 219n Optometry 44n Psychotherapy 10n Radiography nursing 34n Physiotherapy 112n Nursing 311 n Specialist nursing 362n Dental hygiene 39n Dentistry 65n Dental technology 17

General Qualificationsn University diplomas 4n Bachelor’s 460n Master’s (one year) 176n Master’s (two year) 74n Broad Master’s (one year) 14Total 2,144(No. of individual students: 1,786)

KI also arranges single-subject courses for supplementary qualifications and further education.

5,524 full-time equivalent (FTE) students and 5,050 annual performance equivalents (APEs).

273 incoming students and 182 outgoing students on exchange programmes.

Research and education – Doctoral leveln 4,936 articles published (2009)n 2,076 active Doctoral students (≥10% active)n 367 Doctoral degrees and 21 licentiate degrees awarded

Asset management (market capitalisation)n SEK 268 million in fund managementn SEK 1,244 million in foundation management

Staff3,944 employees (FTE), comprising:n 331 professors (24%)n 152 senior lecturers (55%)n 138 postdoctoral fellows (52%)n 180 lecturers (75%)n 708 senior research fellows (51%)n 519 Doctoral students (65%)n 1,002 lab and technical staff (73%)n 896 administrative staff (84%)Note: The figures in brackets give the percentage of women. Total number of women: 2,566 (65%)

FundingTotal: SEK 5,253 million, of which:n 2,335 direct Government fundingn 597 research councilsn 299 other Government agencies n 671 Swedish foundations and organisationsn 222 Swedish companiesn 595 county councils and municipalitiesn 505 foreign financiers, including - 233 EU - 198 foundations and other organisations - 74 companiesn 29 financial revenue

PremisesTotal area: 204,494 m2Cost: SEK 565 million

A MEDICAl UnIvERSITy


Key ratios2010 2009 2008 2007 2006

Education and researchFTE students 1 5,524 5,595 5,336 5,516 5,851Cost per FTE student (SEK thousand)* 144 143 143 130 127APE students 1 5,050 5,012 5,052 5,203 5,478Cost per APE student (SEK thousand)* 157 159 151 138 136

New Doctoral admissions 450 420 420 398 378- women 63% 61% 60% 62% 59%- men 38% 39% 40% 38% 41%

Doctoral students, total >_ 10% activity 2,076 2,028 2,080 2,073 2,081- women 62% 61% 61% 61% 60%- men 38% 39% 39% 39% 40%

Doctoral students with studentship (FTEs) 519 515 491 553 495Doctoral students with grant (FTEs) 347 342 362 329 356Average stydy time, licentiate students (net) 2,05 2,38 2,19 2,72 2,54Average study time, Doctoral students (net) 4,21 3,94 3,83 3,65 3,50Doctoral degrees awarded 367 392 352 345 378Licentiate degrees awarded 21 17 15 31 43Peer-reviewed scientific publications*** 3,728 3,757 3,519 3,314Cost per peer-reviewed scientific publication** 1,042 933 938 960

StaffFTEs 3,944 3,875 3,453 3,529 3,444Average staff 4,545 4,382 3,988 3,996 3,936Teaching staff: (FTEs)1 801 812 753 739 717- women 46% 47% 48% 47% 47%- men 54% 53% 52% 53% 53%

Teaching staff with Doctoral degrees (FTEs) 665 634 573 543 525- women 40% 38% 38% 34% 32%- men 60% 62% 62% 66% 68%

Professors (FTEs) 331 328 316 307 305- women 24% 21% 20% 18% 17%- men 76% 79% 80% 82% 83%

FinanceRevenue, total (SEK million), of which 5,253 4,880 4,476 4,166 4,034

Bachelor’s and Master’s education (SEK million) 851 853 850 843 834

- direct Government funding 89% 89% 89% 87% 84%

- external revenue 11% 11% 11% 13% 16%

Doctoral education and research (SEK million) 4,402 4,027 3,626 3,324 3,200

- direct Government funding 36% 33% 36% 37% 37%

- external revenue 64% 67% 64% 63% 63%

Costs, total (SEK million) 4,994 4,734 4,325 4,100 4,002- Staff 52% 53% 51% 51% 52%- Premises 11% 12% 12% 12% 12%

Premises costs2 per m2 (SEK) 2,761 2,791 2,696 2,653 2,633

Balance sheet total (SEK million), of which 4,658 4,105 3,626 3,193 3,181- unexpended grants 2,224 2,030 1,652 1,503 1,453- change in capital for the year 255 149 164 72 72- administrative capital (inc. change in cap. for the year) 1,079 812 665 532 484- of which subsidiaries (KI Holding AB) 129 122 119 137 156

1 Excluding contract and commissioned education2 As stated in the Revenue statement* Including costs incurred within funding for medical training and research and the dental care centre** Including costs incurred within funding for medical training and research*** Figure not given owing to delay in registration, which would otherwise distort the statistics.



Karolinska Institutet’s structure 2010

PRESIDENTManagement Group

Board ofHIGHER EDUCATION

KI Solna CampusDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology (CMB)Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME)Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB)Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB)Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology (MTC)Department of NeuroscienceDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyInstitute of Environmental Medicine (IMM)

KI at Karolinska University Hospital (Solna) and Danderyd HospitalDepartment of Clinical NeuroscienceDepartment of Clinical Science, Danderyd HospitalDepartment of Medicine, SolnaDepartment of Molecular Medicine and SurgeryDepartment of Oncology-PathologyDepartment of Public Health SciencesDepartment of Woman and Child Health

KI Huddinge Campus with Karolinska University Hospital (Huddinge) and Söder HospitalDepartment of Biosciences and NutritionDepartment of Clinical Science and Education, Söder HospitalDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC)Department of Laboratory MedicineDepartment of Medicine, HuddingeDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS)Department of Dental Medicine

UNIVERSITY BOARD Internalaudit

University Administration

University Library

KI Holding AB

Board ofDOCTORAL EDUCATION

Board ofRESEARCH

Councils and Committees

22 DEPARTMENTS



Söder Hospital267 FTE studentsResearch SEK 47 million 49 FTE employees

Karolinska Institutet’s education and research 2010

“Research” indicates total assets, excluding premises and funding for medical training and research.

KI Solna Campus1,035 FTE studentsResearch SEK 1,347 million 1,675 FTE employees

KI Huddinge Campus with Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge2,696 FTE studentsResearch SEK 844 million 1,042 FTE employees

Karolinska University Hospital, Solna1,371 FTE studentsResearch SEK 1,197 million1,147 FTE employees

Danderyd Hospital155 FTE studentsResearch SEK 39 million31 FTE employees

The University BoardBack row: Isidor Braekke (student representative), Eskil Franck (government appointee), Gunnar Sten-berg (staff representative), Mattias Lindsäter (student representative) Anna Aleman (staff representative), Patriq Fagerstedt (staff representative), Torbjörn Rosdahl (government appointee) Bengt Norrving (University Director, primary rapporteur).

Front row: Lotta Widén Holmqvist (faculty represen-tative), Ola Nilsson (student representative), Harriet Wallberg-Henriksson (President, ex-officio mem-ber), Susanne Eberstein (Chair-person, government appointee), Jan Andersson (Vice-President, additional member), Marie Wahrén-Herlenius (faculty representative), Annika Andersson (govern-ment appointee).

Absent: Richard Bergström (government appointee), Eva Fernvall (government appointee), Klas Kärre (faculty representative).


Photo: Camilla Svensk


Two hundred yearsIt began with a school for army surgeons in 1810. Last year, Karolinska Institutet (KI) celebrated its 200th jubilee – and what a year – filled with activities that gave us every kind of oppor-tunity to showcase our history and our development into an international medical university. Our jubilee was also observed in other parts of the world. Successful research was presented at scientific symposias in such places as Washington DC, Singa- pore, Tokyo and San Francisco. KI was also given its own special issue stamp by the Swedish post office bearing an image of silicon and selenium, the elements discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius. The jubilee year drew to a close on our actual anniversary, 13 December, when a baton was symbolically handed over to the students with the encouragement to take KI into its third century.

Breakthroughs for lifeKI brought its first fundraising campaign to an end during the year. ”Breakthroughs for Life” raised one billion kronor, money which will go towards important research in such medical fields as cancer, regenerative medicine, brain disease and cardiovascular disease. We have also received funding for a new auditorium, which will serve as a central meeting venue for the university. I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to all the generous donors who have made all this possible.

The new auditorium – a crucial meeting placeIn September, the first turf was turned for the building which will host the new auditorium, which is scheduled to open in 2013. The 1,000-seat hall has been designed by architect Gert Wingårdh, and will be a venue for researchers, students and the

public to gather together for different purposes, from attending Nobel lectures to participating in the education of tomorrow’s healthcare staff. The building of the new hall has been made possible by a generous donation from the Erling-Persson Family Foundation.

Strategic research areasKI has been successful in the national competition for the strategic research areas included in the Government’s research bill. Strategic research areas offer us a unique opportunity to achieve our aim of building internationally competitive research environments – and thus of strengthening Sweden’s status as a leading knowledge nation – by sharpening the cutting edge of our research.

The Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) was established during the year. SciLifeLab, which is Sweden’s largest investment in biotech research to date, is the product of joint efforts to create a national cutting-edge resource for large-scale bioscience research. This exciting project is run collaboratively by the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm University, Uppsala University and KI, and forms part of the Government’s strategic research areas.

CollaborationOur most important collaboration partner is the Stockholm County Council, without whom we would be unable to conduct the high quality clinical education and research that we do. The partnership was developed further during the year. The princi-pal areas on which we collaborate are resource allocation, acade-mic healthcare and the Centre of Medical Excellence. September saw the start of the construction of the new university hospital, an ultramodern university hospital tasked with providing highly specialised and specialised healthcare. The new hospital will open for its first patients in 2016.

A central aspect of our business is to put the results of scien-tific research to good use. We already have a well-developed and internationally acclaimed innovation system, which is now backed up by our Innovation Office, which we opened in November with special Government funding. This will enable us to snap up marketable ideas more readily and strengthen contacts and exchanges with the private sector.

It has been an unforgettable experience to be part of the 200- year celebrations. I would like to thank everyone who has helped Karolinska Institutet become the unique university it is today.

Harriet Wallberg-Henriksson, President Karolinska Institutet

President’s comments on the year 2010

Phot

o: L

asse

Sko

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The Swedish Annual Reports and BudgetDocumentation OrdinanceSection 3, article 1 of the Swedish Annual Reports and Budget Documentation Ordinance (2000:605) states that an agency shall report and comment on the outcome of its operations in accordance with the requirements stipulated by the Government in the public service agreement or in another decision. Profit and loss accounting shall primarily concern the development of the authority’s output in terms of volume and costs. In cases where the Government has not stipulated reporting require-ments, the agency shall report and comment on the develop-ment of its output in terms of volumes and costs.

Directions for Higher Education Institutions: The Higher Education ActThe public service agreement for higher education institutions (HEIs) for 2010 states that the overarching goals for HEI opera-tions are set forth in the Higher Education Act (HEA).

The HEA provides that “courses and study programmes based on scholarship or artistic practice and on proven expe-rience” and “research and artistic research and development as well as other forms of development activities” are the two primary missions of HEIs.

The third mission of HEIs is to include “third stream activities and the provision of information about their activities, as well as ensuring that benefit is derived from their research findings”. In addition, activities are to be conducted in such a way that

n there are close links between research, and courses and study programmes

n they attain high standardsn the resources available shall be used effectively n they promote sustainable developmentn they take into account and promote equality between women

and menn they promote understanding of other countries and interna-

tional circumstances.

Over and above this, students shall be entitled to exert influence over the courses and study programmes, and HEIs are to actively promote widening participation in higher education.

Strategy 2012In December 2009, KI approved a development strategy for the 2010–2012 period:

KI’s mission is to improve human health through research and education.

KI’s vision is to be one of the world’s leading medical universities.

The mission and vision constitute the platform upon which KI has formulated the values and the six challenges that it has published in its Strategy 2012. For more details, see Strategy 2012 at ki.se.

It is on the basis of the goals and reporting requirements of this document that this annual report is organised.

A separate appendix to this report gives an account of the work being done by HEIs to develop tools to measure costs per performance in accordance with the Swedish Annual Reports and Budget Documentation Ordinance.

Operational results



Bachelor’s and Master’s education

The Board of Higher Education is delegated by the University Board with overall responsibility for first-cycle/Bachelor’s and second-cycle/Master’s education at KI. The board’s sub-organi-sation was reorganised on 1 January 2010, whereby the number of programme committees was reduced from twenty to ten after each committee was assigned several study programmes. The objective of the new structure is to raise quality by introducing a clearer role allocation between requester and provider and to reduce administrative costs. As before, the programme commit-tees have responsibility for the planning and quality assessment of the study programmes, and for deciding which departments are to hold the various programme courses. All study program-mes have a programme director responsible for their day-to-day running.

KI offers 16 beginners’ study programmes and 22 continua-tion study programmes and over one hundred single-subject courses. The total number of full-time equivalent (FTE) stu-dents in 2010 was 5,524, which was slightly lower than in 2009, owing, in part, to previous operational cuts and to the loss in 2008 of the degree-awarding powers of the study programme in nursing.

These powers were restored to KI in 2010, and 179 students were admitted in the autumn term of that year. The start of the new study programme in nursing was preceded by intensive reform work, which will be evaluated in 2011.

Starting from the autumn term of 2010, KI is required to in-crease admissions to the psychology programme by 30 students a year until 2015, to bring the number of FTE students on this study programme to 150. The development of the medicine and dentistry study programmes continues in accordance with an earlier Government decision. KI believes that the development of these study programmes is critical from a labour market perspective.

KI’s collaboration with Stockholm County Council was further consolidated during the year, and a project was conduc-ted to clarify the shared managerial responsibility that managers and leaders in the Stockholm County Council, private health-care providers and academia have as regards clinical placements. This resulted in action plans designed to improve and develop collaboration on clinical placements.

Goals and goal achievement

The programme syllabus

Karolinska Institutet is unique in Sweden as regards the breadth and comprehensiveness of its medicine and healthcare prospectus. In 2010, KI offered 38 study programmes, with the emphasis mainly on courses that lead to a professional qualification. Of the 16 beginners’ programmes that KI offers, 13 lead to a professional qualification at Bachelor’s or Master’s level; of the 22 continuation programmes, 11 lead to a professional qualifica-tion at Master’s level.

BACHElOR’S AnD MASTER’S EDUCATIOn

THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACTn The Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) shall provide

courses and study programmes based on scholarship and proven experience.

n HEIs shall actively promote and widen participation in higher education.

n The students shall be entitled to exert influence over the courses and study programmes at HEIs and HEIs shall endeavour to enable students to play an active role in the continued development of courses and study programmes.

STRATEGy 2012KI shall apply quality assurance in education and promote learning by e.g.:

n reviewing and modifying the courses and study pro-grammes on offer, such that an increased proportion of the education is given at Master’s level in fields that correspond to KI’s profile of high-quality research,

n reinforcing clinical placements by establishing several new clinical adjunct and joint employment positions, and by increasing the academic and educational exper-tise of clinical supervisors.


BSc AND MSc LEVEL EDUCATION

Photo: Erik Cronberg


During the year, 1,786 students graduated from Karolinska Institutet


Bachelor’s and Master’s courses*(including courses settled against supplementary funding)

2008 2009 2010

FTEs % FTEs % FTEs %

Bachelor’s 3,786 71 3,603 64 3,423 62

Master’s 1,317 25 1,848 33 2,035 37

Unclassified 232 4 144 3 66 1

Total 5,335 100 5,595 100 5,524 100

*The stated number of FTE students relates to actual numbers recorded in Ladok (Swedish national student registry database).

General and professional qualification study programmes and single-subject courses.* (including courses settled against supplementary funding)

2007 2008 2009 2010

FTEs % FTEs % FTEs % FTEs %

General qualification – beginner 356 6 277 5 328 6 264 5

General qualification – continuation 107 2 236 4 344 6 393 7

Professional qualification – beginner 4,098 75 4,052 76 3,939 70 3,726 67

Professional qualification – continuation 508 9 513 10 585 10 566 10

Single-subject courses 420 8 258 5 399 7 575 11

Total 5,489 100 5,336 100 5,595 100 5,524 100

*The stated number of FTE students relates to actual numbers recorded in Ladok (Swedish national student registry database).

The education strategy adopted for 2009–2012 states that the KI prospectus is to comprise 70–75 per cent beginners’ study programmes, 20 per cent Master’s continuation programmes and 5–10 per cent single-subject courses. KI has many strong research fields and thus good opportunities for providing expert teaching at Master’s level. Given the moratorium on new admissions to the nursing programme, it is difficult to compare percentages with previous years. In the study programmes leading to general qualifications, a shift has occurred towards more continuation programmes, of which the majority lead to a Master’s degree in line with KI’s education strategy. Some older beginners’ study programmes are being phased out, while the new one- and two-year Master’s programmes are being develo-ped to increase the proportion of education at Master’s level.

KI launched a new two-year Master’s study programme in

health informatics in 2010 in collaboration with Stockholm University, and is engaged in long-term efforts to produce new fields for all Master’s education.

The greatest difference compared with previous years is the high number of single-subject courses, which accounted for 10 per cent of FTE studies in 2010; however, this figure is expected to decline once the study programme in nursing is fully under-way again. The single-subject prospectus is largely for students who already have a professional qualification in the healthcare field. They are often held for smaller groups, and would not be possible to offer for larger groups. KI introduced a large number of single-subject courses to raise the proportion of such courses, which saw an increase of almost 50 per cent in FTE students between 2009 and 2010.

The table compares figures with 2008 and 2009 only, as the new level categories were not introduced until the autumn term of 2007, and as can be seen, the proportion of Master’s courses continued to increase over this period (although their compara-bility is affected to some extent by the moratorium on admis-sions to the study programme in nursing). Courses at Master’s level can be held within both beginners’ and continuation study

programmes, as many of the longer vocational programmes for beginners include courses at both Bachelor’s and Master’s levels.

Professional qualification course for opticiansIn 2010 there were no admissions to professional qualification courses for opticians. The last admissions took place in the autumn term of 2008, and the course was concluded in the spring of 2010.



ApplicantsThe acceptance ratio for KI’s beginners’ programmes remained high in 2010 for most programmes, increasing in total for all programmes from 3.6 to 4.1 qualified first-choice applicants per planned place. The study programme in medicine had the highest such ratio (8.7), followed by psychology (8.1), physio-therapy (6.1) and dental hygiene (4.9). A total of 8,579 qualified first-choice applicants competed for the 2,087 places available.

The sharp decrease in the number of applicants to the study

programme in specialist nursing in 2009 does not seem to have been permanent, as the number of applicants saw a dramatic rise in 2010 from 1,098 to 1,399 qualified first-choice applicants.

The one- and two-year Master’s programmes had roughly the same acceptance ratios as in 2009, despite an increase in the number of advertised places. This increase was mainly attributa-ble to international applicants, although the number of applicants in the national round also rose.

Minimum credit requirements for admission, 2nd selection

Term Autumn 07 Autumn 08 Autumn 09 Autumn 10

Programme BG* BG* BG* BI*Occupational therapy 16.53 15.83 15.76 17.37

Audiology - - 15.10 16.71

Biomedicine 17.43 16.13 16.84 17.60

Biomed lab. science, physiology 16.70 - - -

Biomedical lab. science, lab. medicine 14.45 13.50 13.21 13.30

Public health science 15.70 14.40 14.70 14.82

Speech and language pathology 19.48 - 19.33 21.10

Medicine 20.00 20.00 20.00 22.50

Optometry 15.83 15.77 14.70 12.00

Podiatry 11.64 10.32 - -

Psychology 20.00 20.00 19.83 21.90

Radiography nursing 16.24 15.42 15.40 17.20

Physiotherapy 18.40 17.90 17.98 20.05

Nursing (Huddinge) 16.51 16.37 - 18.10

Nursing (Norrtälje) 17.52 16.80 - -

Nursing (Huddinge, distance) 19.50

Nursing (Visby) 15.83 15.42 - 17.40

Dental hygiene 16.53 16.60 16.99 17.17

Dentistry 20.00 20.00 20.00 22.00

Dental technology 17.97 17.40 17.72 17.70

*New selection groups were introduced in 2010. Group BI has a maximum school-leaving grade of 22.5, whereas the former BG had 20.0.

Acceptance ratio by programme type (qualified first-choice applicants)*

2007 2008 2009 2010

Places Ratio Places Ratio Places Ratio Places Ratio

Beginner 1,335 4.6 1,293 4.5 986 4.8 1,142 5.1

Continuation - excl. Master’s (1/2 year) 502 4.2 549 3.2 678 2.1 511 2.9

Master’s (1/2 year) 210 2.0 255 1.9 225 2.8 334 2.9

Total 2,047 4.3 2,097 3.9 1,893 3.6 2,087 4.1

*A full account of the ratio of first-choice applicants per planned place for all of KI’s study programmes is provided in table 2 of the Tables Appendix.

The changes in minimum credit requirements for admission from 2007 to 2010 are provided in the table below.

Students



0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

35- years25-34 years-24 years

Beginner's total

Dental technology

Dentistry

Dental hygiene

Physiotherapy

Radiography nursing

Psychology

Optometry

Medicine

Speech and language pathology

Public health science

Biomedical lab. science

Biomedicine

Audiology

Occupational therapy

First-year students on beginners’ programmes by age, 2010

Selection criteriaKI applies a test- and interview-based selection procedure for many of its beginners’ programmes (e.g. speech and language pathology and medicine), in accordance with the selection regulations issued by the National Agency for Higher Educa-tion. KI has applied for and received permission to use a similar procedure for more than one third of the places available on the dentistry programme (50 per cent).

Widening participationKI has a strategy plan in place to reduce social bias in its recruit-ments. Despite the efforts made to this end, social bias has increased over the past ten-year period: in 1999/2000, 42 per cent of KI’s students had parents with an academic background, while in 2009/2010 this figure had risen to 48 per cent. Accor-ding to statistics from the National Agency for Higher Educa-tion, 23 per cent of the students in Sweden should have parents with an academic background if the national population (aged 19 to 34) was to be properly represented. The agency interprets the difference between these two distributions as a rough mea-sure of recruitment bias at higher education institutions.

The proportion of students on beginners’ study program-mes at KI under the age of 24 increased sharply from 2009 to 2010 (see table 4 in the Tables Appendix), which is possibly attributable to new admissions and selection rules. According to the Government’s ”Three routes to open academia” report (SOU 2004:29), several studies suggest that people from homes with no academic traditions start university studies later on in

life, which means that the new selection rules might actually exacerbate the social bias.

The action KI has taken to reduce social bias in its recruit-ments includes demonstrating its activities to school students who would otherwise not come into contact with academic edu-cation. One example is its participation in the Ung-08 teenagers’ festival in Stockholm, which for KI is an opportunity to reach out to a younger target group. Many of the visitors come from the poorer outlying suburbs of Stockholm, and the tent in which KI had its presence had approximately 1,500 active visitors. KI also works closely with Huddinge, Tensta and Solna upper secondary schools in the conviction that such collaboration engenders a sense of security amongst the students that enables them to feel comfortable in academic environments. This will potentially increase the number of applications from people who do not have parents with an academic background. KI is also a member of the Include network, which is a platform from which HEIs can work to widen participation, and for the past three years has been its coordinator.

Another important aspect of the effort to widen participation involves giving students at KI good opportunities to complete their studies. For several years, KI has therefore arranged semi-nars taking various approaches to student support. One link in the support chain for existing students at KI is the university’s language workshop, which helps students to compose and write scientific papers. In 2010, the service was doubled to one full-time facilitator’s post, which has allowed the workshop to reach more study programmes and more students. The workshop



0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Continuation total

Master's 2 year

Master's 1 year

Specialist nursing

Psychotherapy

Odontological prophylactics

Midwifery

35- years25-34 years-24 years

First-year students on continuation programmes by age, 2010

offers lectures, seminars and individual support. In 2010, there were over 450 individual supervisory sessions, and some 650 students and teachers took part in the lectures and workshops.

Breakdown by ageThe tables below give the age distribution of beginners on beginners’ and continuation programmes. After having been relatively stable during the 2007–2009 period, the proportion of beginners under 24 increased from 39 per cent to 48 per cent from 2009 to 2010, while the proportion of beginners over 35 decreased over the 2007–2010 period from 28 per cent to 22 per cent (see table 4 in the Tables Appendix). The increase in the proportion of beginners under 24 between 2009 and 2010 is possibly attributable to the new admissions and selection system that was introduced in the 2010 autumn term.

Student influenceThe HEA provides that students shall be entitled to exert influence over the courses and programmes and that HEIs shall endeavour to enable students to play an active role in the conti-nued development of courses and study programmes.

KI sees student participation as an important part of the drafting and decision-making process regarding student-related issues. Opportunities for students to influence their education are offered by all of the university’s drafting and decision-making bodies, and as of 2010, they have representation on the President’s newly formed management group. For many years KI has arranged seminars for students active in its drafting and decision-making bodies in order to help them navigate the university’s organisational and decision-making structures. In 2010, an introductory course was added to these seminars for students interested in educational affairs.

The new programme organisation that came into effect in January has reduced the number of programme committees from 20 to 10. Since KI considers it especially important to have strong student representation on bodies that have direct responsibility for education issues, there are student represen-

tatives from all study programmes on each committee. Neither the programme committees nor the Board of Higher Education are quorate unless at least one student representative is present (provided that at least one has been appointed).

In 2009, KI and the student unions drew up a strategy plan for safeguarding student influence after the abolition of the obligatory union membership rules. In 2010, KI signed an agreement with its two unions – Medicinska Föreningen (the medical students’ union) and the Dental Students’ Union – on the unions’ responsibilities (e.g. for educational affairs) and the grants they receive for their activities and premises. KI has also decided to subsidise the Medicinska Föreningen’s student ombudsman. This financial support is to be provided for the coming three years.

To date, KI has seen no effects of the abolition of obligatory union membership on student representation on the University Board, the three faculty boards or the programme committees. However, the total number of student representatives fell com-pared with 2009 when the new programme committee organisa-tion – with half the number of programme committees – was introduced.

The gender distribution of student representatives on the programme committees remains uneven, the imbalance having increased since 2009; women made up 77 per cent of the pro-gramme committees in 2010, in contrast to 72 per cent in 2009. The gender distribution on the three faculty boards (the Board of Higher Education, the Board of Research and the Board of Doctoral Education) and the University Board is, however, relatively even (46 per cent women). However, given that 73 per cent of the FTE student population at KI are women (see table 5 in the Tables Appendix), the gender distribution of programme committee members is more representative. In total, the propor-tion of female student representatives on KI’s central drafting and decision-making bodies increased slightly from 69 per cent in 2009 to 71 per cent in 2010. However, no conclusions can be drawn from this, as representation tends to vary by a few percentage points from one year to the next.



The first mission – education

Results and goal achievementIn 2010, the total number of full-time equivalent (FTE) students within the compass of the funding cap was 5,453 and the num-ber of annual performance equivalents (APEs) was 4,997. As these figures remained effectively unchanged from 2009, the result in 2010 was also negative. However, since the public service agreement for 2010 allocated 450 new places for the 2010–2011 period, the negative result was actually greater in 2010 than it was in 2009, with KI falling short of the funding cap by SEK 67.6 million. This may be compared with the forecast submitted to the Government at the end of October, in which KI estimated a shortfall of SEK 53 million.

In addition to this, as in previous years, KI received supple-mentary funding (2:58 ap. 10) of just over SEK 6 million. The number of FTE students and APEs within the compass of this funding was 70 and 53 respectively.

KI will therefore be reporting a result that falls short of the funding cap by SEK 67.6 million. For many years, KI far exceeded the number of students covered by the funding cap, and in 2007 began to adjust the places on its programmes to the resources received in order not to jeopardise quality by diluting the resources available per student. This strategy was more effective than expected and contributed to the shortfall of recent years, despite counter measures to redress the balance. However, the main reasons for the shortfall for 2010 were the loss of KI’s powers to award nursing degrees and the subsequent morato-

rium on admissions for three terms, and the temporary increase in the funding cap in terms of extra places. To mitigate the effects of the suspended nursing study programme, the number of students on other programmes and single-subject courses was increased. Study programmes that include a clinical placement component require long-term planning and a sufficient number of places, which makes temporary increases difficult to imple-ment. Therefore the largest increases were instead made on the single-subject courses, starting in the 2009 autumn term. Un-fortunately, this did not have the desired effect as it has not been possible to fill the courses with the forecast number of students.

The discrepancy between the actual result, including the supp-lementary funding, and the October forecast was SEK 14.6 mil-lion. The number of FTE students was a little over 50 fewer than forecast owing to a higher degree of credit transfer than expected on certain study programmes. The greatest deviation from forecast was the number of APEs, which was 100 fewer than expected. The deficit in 2009 was largely attributable to a generally lower student completion rate and uncertainty as to how long the downturn would last. By 2010, the student completion rate on both continu-ation and beginners’ study programmes had risen again, from 91 to 94 per cent, bringing it back to its previous level. On the other hand, the completion rate for the single-subject courses remains low, something that was not factored into the forecast. The low rate is partly attributable to the large increase in intake during the autumn term (since some examination components were not held until January 2011) and to the fact that these courses generally seem to have a lower completion rate than forecast.

Remuneration for FTEs/APEs within the funding cap, 2007–2010 (SEK thousand)

2007 2008 2009 2010

Funding cap 533,663 534,305 546,204 613,248

Remuneration 527,010 499,831 524,562 545,689

Difference -6,653 -34,474 -21,642 -67,559

Remuneration for FTEs/APEs within the supplementary funding, 2008–2010 (SEK thousand)

2007 2008 2009 2010

Funding - 6,000 6,000 6,201

Remuneration - 5,913 5,975 5,674

Difference - -87 -25 -527

The expected remuneration for the year amounted to SEK 545,689,000. With the SEK 2,405,000 in performances to be carried over from 2009, SEK 548,094,000 will be taken against

the funding for 2010, giving a closing funding saving of SEK 71,160,000, of which SEK 9,835,000 is over 10 per cent of the funding cap.

Remuneration within the framework of the supplementary fun-ding amounted to SEK 5,674,000 in 2010. With the SEK 3,800 in performances to be carried over from 2009, SEK 5,677,000 will

be taken against the funding for 2010, giving a closing funding saving of SEK 636,000, of which SEK 15,000 is over 10 per cent of the funding cap.



FTE students, 2010 (total 5,524*)

FTE students per subject field, 2007–2010, including supplementary funding

Subject field 2007 2008 20009 2010

Humanities, social sciences 569 716 650 609

Natural sciences, technology 604 589 627 586

Health sciences 1,735 1,506 1,618 1,572

Odontology 380 389 400 414

Medicine 2,228 2,135 2,300 2,343

Total 5,516 5,336 5,595 5,524

Single-subject courses 10%

Other continuation programmes 9%

Specialist nursing (cont.) 8%

Other beginners' programmes 9%

Nursing incl. radiography 8%

Biomedical lab science 3%Occupational therapy 4%

Dentistry 7%

Psychology 3%

Physiotherapy 6%

Optometry 2%

Biomedicine 3%

Medicine 27%

APEs per subject field, 2007–2010, including supplementary funding

Subject field 2007 2008 2009 2010

Humanities, social sciences 489 637 587 546

Natural sciences, technology 529 533 535 541

Health sciences 1,691 1,476 1,493 1,478

Odontology 375 388 375 366

Medicine 2,119 2,018 2,021 2,118

Total 5,203 5,052 5,012 5,050

The number of FTE students and APEs in different subject fields is provided in the tables below. A full account of FTE students and APEs on the different study programmes is provided in

table 7 of the Tables Appendix. Settlement against the funding cap is provided in Note 1 of the Revenue statement.

*Including supplementary appropriation (2:58 ap. 10)

The number of FTE students and APEs covered by the supplementary funding was 70 and 53 respectively.



Beginners (registered in term 1) and FTE students on the study programme in medicine – actual and planned numbers as per KI Board decision

2010 Planned 2011

Planned Actual

Beginners 305 317 305

FTEs 1,532 1,492 1,581

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

5,500

6,000

FTEs

APEs

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Number

FTE and APE students

Beginners (registered in term 1) and FTE students on the dentistry programme – actual and planned numbers as per KI Board decision

2010 Planned 2011

Planned Actual

Beginners 85 92 85

FTEs 380 376 398

Admissions study programme in psychology KI’s study programme in psychology was introduced in the 2007 autumn term with 40 places, an additional 15 beginners’ places (7.5 FTEs) being granted to KI in both the 2009 and 2010 public service agreements, giving a total planned number of places of 70.

In the autumn term of 2010, a total of 86 students were regis-tered on term one of the study programme in psychology.

Beginners and FTE students on the study programmes in medicine and dentistry Twenty-nine new places were added to the study programme in medicine in 2009, giving a planned total of 305 beginners in 2010. Ten beginners’ places were added to the study programme in dentistry in 2009, giving a total of 85.

New university placesKarolinska Institutet has been allocated 450 new places for the 2010–2011 period. These additional places have been long awai-ted, but in combination with the effects of the cancelled new ad-missions to the study programme in nursing, it was not possible to fully utilise these places during the year. With an educational structure largely based on a study programme model, KI has trouble quickly expanding its education scope, a process that takes a considerable amount of planning and time, and so lar-gely concentrates its expansion efforts on single-subject courses. However, KI failed to fill all the planned places on every adver-tised course, even if only a few of the courses were cancelled. A large number of new single-subject courses were devised in 2009 and 2010, and they will also be offered in the 2011/12 prospectus. The majority of these courses are for healthcare practitioners, while the remainder provide an introduction to different aspects of the fields of medicine and health for begin-ners. With this greater range of courses on offer, KI expects to fully utilise the extra places in 2011.



Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees, 2007–2010

Degrees 2007 2008 2009 2010

Professional

Occupational Therapy 63 59 61 67

Audiology 1 11 16 0

Midwifery 63 62 65 70

Biomedicine lab. science 72 43 67 64

Speech and language pathology

28 9 33 2

Medicine 214 249 250 219

Optometry 42 48 48 44

Psychotherapy 12 20 15 10

Radiography nursing 33 28 31 34

Physiotherapy 120 115 95 112

Nursing 384 384 325 311

Specialist nursing 388 345 372 362

Dental hygiene 41 40 37 39

Dentistry 51 59 55 65

Dental technology 16 9 18 17

General

University diplomas 16 4 7 4

Bachelor’s 791 360 429 460

Master’s (1 year) 178 149 185 176

Master’s (2 year) - - 43 74

Broad Master’s (1 year) 136 61 33 14

Total degrees 2,649 2,055 2,185 2,144

Total students 1,853 1,744 1,792 1,786

DegreesThe total number of degrees awarded was slightly lower than in 2009, having fallen from 2,185 to 2,144, partly on account of the audiology and speech and language pathology study program-mes, both of which have periodised admissions and thus no batch of students graduating in 2010. The number of two-year Master’s degrees is increasing, and in 2010, 74 such degrees – as defined in the new Higher Education Ordinance – were awarded. Two new primary subject areas in which two-year Master’s de-grees were issued were introduced in 2010: bioentrepreneurship and toxicology.

Medical degrees returned to the 2007 level. Ahead of the start of the new study programme in medicine in 2007, the pro-gramme contacted the students who lacked certain components on the older study programme and urged them to resume their studies and complete these credits, which might explain the temporary increase noted in 2008 and 2009.

Contract operationsThe Continuing Professional Development Office, which operates under the University Administration, has responsibility for coordinating and arranging contract education at KI. The role of the office is to serve as a bridge between KI and the wider community.

Revenue from contract education amounted to SEK 51.3 million in 2010, and from commissioned education to SEK 11.0 million.

The number of FTE students in credit-bearing contract edu-cation at KI in 2010 was 178, which is roughly the same volume as in 2009. The number of APEs was, however, only 128, which is far fewer than in 2009. The main reason for this is that much of the year’s education extends into the new year and that the results are not reported until the courses have come to an end. The statistics also include a number of courses that were concluded at the end of the year but for which the results have probably not yet been reported.

A major project for the year was KI’s collaboration with the Delegation for Occupational Healthcare, which resulted in a significant volume of courses on the subject, and its campaig-ning work in relation to the National Board of Health and Wel-fare and its psychiatry initiative, which generated a large volume of psychiatry courses.

0

25

50

75

SEK million

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Revenue from contract activities



Student fees for students from a third countryTo meet the demands that the new fee requirements for students from a third country place on KI, the university commissioned an inquiry in the spring of 2009 to propose a plan for the neces-sary adaptation and development of its current activities and organisation. The final report proposed a strategy for how KI should act and the measures it should take to ensure success in the recruitment of students from a third country.

The work has continued as an implementation project set up to take a decision on the proposals presented in the report and put them into effect. The goal is to recruit the most promising international students to KI, students who can help to lift the quality of KI’s education by bringing experiences and perspec-tives from other countries, and who can form a platform for recruitment to further studies and research at KI. The target is 100 new third-country students for the 2012/2013 academic year, and 500 third-country students at the university by the 2015/2016 academic year. As part of its recruitment drive, KI ran several marketing activities, including a recruitment tour of India, for which it and the Royal Institute of Technology enga-ged a recruitment agent.

KI also set the fees for all programmes and courses, esta-blished a recruitment plan and competence development programme for teachers and administrative staff, and has taken its final decision on scholarship administration. The possibility of setting up scholarship finds has also been investigated.

According to the final report thus produced, the introduction of a student fee organisation is an issue that must be dealt with at a central level, as it is directly linked to overarching strategic and financial standpoints, opportunities and risks, and therefore requires careful follow-up.

Special undertakings

Dental careThe public service agreement requires KI to operate a dental care centre connected to the study programme in dentistry. Its objective is to meet the needs of the study programme and of research and development in clinical odontology. This requi-res a certain degree of scope to its operations. The care provided by the centre covers everything from basic advice to highly advanced specialist care. Support functions include a sterilisa-tion unit, dental laboratory, patients’ pay desk and reception. In 2010, the centre handled around 35,000 patient visits, trea-ting children as well as adults. The centre was allocated a budget of SEK 87,305,000 and had costs totalling SEK 92,873,000. KI allocated some funds to the centre over and above the allot-ted funding. As of 2010, costs include all indirect costs, which means that the result is not immediately comparable with those of previous years.

FTEs and APEs in contract education, 2007–2010

2007 2008 2009 2010

FTE 326 245 181 178

APE 289 176 192 128

Foreign funding 7%

Swedish companies 25%

Organisations and foundations 3%

Higher education institutions 23%

County and municipal councils 28%

Other government agencies 14%

Contract activities by funding sourceTotal SEK 62.4 million, 2010



BSc AND MSc LEVEL EDUCATION

Optometric care The public service agreement allows KI to operate an optometry centre connected to the optometry programme. The centre meets the needs of the study programme as regards clinical practice and clinical optometric research and development. The optome-try centre is located in KI’s premises at St Erik Eye Hospital in Stockholm. The optometric care provided by the centre includes eye tests, ear and throat checks, contact lens examinations and the prescription and sale of vision aids. The centre also receives a number of patients on referral from private opticians. In 2010, the centre handled around 2,500 patient visits.

Complementary education for doctors, nurses and dentists from a third countryKarolinska Institutet, along with the universities of Lund, Goth-enburg and Linköping, has been tasked with arranging comple-mentary courses worth a maximum of 120 higher education credits (HECs) for people with a medical, dentistry or nursing degree from a third country. Karolinska Institutet is coordina-ting these activities.

Complementary education for doctorsComplementary education for doctors comprises one year’s full-time study worth 60 HECs, including 30 HECs clinical placement. The education builds upon the students’ previous

knowledge and experiences, while the teaching is mainly geared towards integrating theoretical and applied knowledge in a Swedish healthcare context. Learning methods comprise integrated seminars, group teaching, lectures and self-study. The clinical placement component is held at nursing wards, doctors’ surgeries, accident and emergency units and healthcare clinics, at which students are given practical training in dialogue techni-ques with patients, examination techniques and journal keeping. The application of legislation and regulations, the organisation and function of the healthcare service and so forth are illustrated and discussed.

Twenty students out of 77 applicants were admitted for the 2010 autumn term, and all began their studies, although one dropped out.

Of the 23 students admitted in the 2009 autumn term, nine have completed their education with a pass grade. A further six are ready for their internship after having passed a test of medical knowledge for doctors trained in countries not covered by EU directives or the Nordic agreement (called TULE test). Of those who have not completed their studies, one has dropped out.

Again, selection through structured interview was a success for the 2010 round of admissions. For this student group, con-ventional grounds of selection such as grades and university aptitude tests are inapplicable.

Previous experience shows that this student group is highly motivated, but is very diverse as regards supervision require-ments. Looking back over the past two student cohorts, KI is


Phot

o: E

rik

G S

vens

son

Dental hygiene students treat patients at Karolinska Institutet’s dental clinic in Huddinge.


even more convinced that the education – in order to be suc-cessful – must be adapted to the individual needs and abilities of the students. This is very expensive, but is offset in a national economic perspective by the fact that the study time that a cus-tomised programme design requires can be kept low.

Complementary education for nursesThe complementary education for nurses comprises one year’s full-time study worth 60 HECs, and combines theoretical stu-dies with clicinal placement. Twenty-four HECs are made up of clinical placement components in medical, surgical or geriatric care, primary care and municipal healthcare.

There were 26 qualified applicants at KI for the autumn 2010 round of admissions. No selection procedure was applied as all qualified applicants could be offered a place. Twenty-four students were admitted and began their education, two of whom have subsequently dropped out.

KI was contracted by Lund University to arrange a comple-mentary education programme for nurses for the 2009/2010 academic year. Of the 32 students admitted, 23 have completed their studies, two never started and one dropped out. Five of the six who have not yet finished have failed to pass their clinical placement components.

The Swedish skills of the students vary, and in some cases the lack of a sufficient grasp of the language is an obstacle to course completion. It is therefore important that KI offers students with insufficient Swedish skills support and advice and informs them about its language workshop. The students’ spoken and written skills are also developed during their education through written assignments, discussion forums and the like.

Complementary education for dentistsIn the 2010 autumn term, KI admitted the first ever students to its complementary education for dentists. Of 48 qualified applicants, 17 were admitted and 16 began their studies. One dropped out after having passed the National Board of Health and Welfare test and received a placement in the national dental service.

The complementary education for dentists comprises one year’s full time study worth 60 HECs, and combines theoretical studies and clinical training. Most of the theoretical component is held with students on the regular study programme in den-tistry. During the introductory term, the clinical skills training consisted of preclinical courses in the clinical disciplines of periodontology, cariology, endodontics and prosthetics. In the second part of the term, the students also began working with their own patients under the direction of handpicked expe-rienced clinical supervisors. When necessary, the skills training will be customised to suit individual students’ clinical expe-rience within different subject fields.

Selection by interview was a success. The Swedish skills of this group also clearly vary and so it is essential that the students

apply their language skills whenever they can. It appears that some students have been finding it hard to keep up with the lectures, which are held with students on the regular dentistry study programme, since the language of these lectures is not modified for students with Swedish as a second language. Even though the lectures are rather demanding, KI still believes that co-teaching is important as it offers the students opportunities to develop language proficiency.

Other undertakings

The second mission: To develop clinical education and researchKarolinska Institutet received funding of SEK 1,586,000 (2:56 ap. 9) for developing clinical education and research. The need to develop clinical education has been judged particularly pres-sing since the clinical placement component constitutes a large part of most of KI’s study programmes. KI therefore decided that the funding would continue to be used for the activities of the Centre for Clinical Education (CKU) in 2010. The CKU is also provided with additional funds from KI, Stockholm County Council and the private university colleges.

The CKU is part of the collaboration organisation between KI and Stockholm County Council. The collaboration was formalised during the year and extended to cover the three private higher education institutions: Ersta Sköndal University College, the Red Cross University College and Sophiahemmet University College. The CKU links these university colleges with the healthcare sector (i.e. Stockholm County Council) and with local municipalities and private operators.

The CKU continued to build up its four areas of operation: interprofessional education, teacher training and development, pedagogical development and research, and the administration of clinical education places. Its objective is to further develop KI’s clinical placements to a high, consistent quality and suf-ficient scope.

The CKU dedicated much of the year to clarifying the responsibilities that managers and leaders at Stockholm County Council, private operators and academia have as regards clinical education. This work resulted in plans of action designed to improve and develop collaboration around clinical placements.

Much of the work the CKU does is interprofessional and designed to support unity of vision and integration within and between education programmes. Four project managers with different professional backgrounds and competencies worked during the year on promoting and encouraging interprofessio-nal learning and on facilitating the start of new interprofessional learning environments.

As regards the supplementary pedagogical education of teachers, the CKU launched and implemented a 7.5 HEC course



entitled “Pedagogical methods for teachers and supervisors in clinic-based education at university level” (see also under Quality). The aim of the course is to strengthen the teachers’ educational skills and encourage them to adopt a reflective and academic approach towards students and learning on clinical placements . The course is an important vehicle for the exchange of information between the clinical and academic environments.

As regards pedagogical development and research, a number of seminars and workshops were arranged during the year on such matters as the integration of theory and practice, standar-dised patients, pedagogical supervision, interprofessional lear-ning and applying for pedagogical project funding.

The CKU has been developing a system for evaluating the quality of clinical placements. The evaluation, which is based on a number of quality indicators, is conducted from three perspectives: the students’, the teachers’/supervisors’, and the clinical managers’.

In order to meet Stockholm County Council’s safety and quality requirements, the CKU has almost completely fulfilled its obligation to ensure that all clinical placements are admini-strated via the online clinical placement programme tool (called KliPP), and that all clinical placements education students are provided with Stockholm County Council’s e-services card before they enter clinical practice.

Karolinska Institutet received funding of SEK 1,586,000 (2:56 ap. 9) for developing clinical education and research. The need to develop clinical education has been judged particularly pres-sing since the clinical placement component constitutes a large part of most of KI’s study programmes. KI therefore decided that the funding would continue to be used for the activities of the Centre for Clinical Education (CKU) in 2010. The CKU is also provided with additional funds from KI, Stockholm County Council and the private university colleges.

The CKU is part of the collaboration organisation between KI and Stockholm County Council. The collaboration was formalised during the year and extended to cover the three private higher education institutions: Ersta Sköndal University College, the Red Cross University College and Sophiahemmet University College. The CKU links these university colleges with the healthcare sector (i.e. Stockholm County Council) and with local municipalities and private operators.

The CKU continued to build up its four areas of operation: interprofessional education, teacher training and development, pedagogical development and research, and the administration of clinical education places. Its objective is to further develop KI’s clinical placements to a high, consistent quality and suffi-cient scope.

The CKU dedicated much of the year to clarifying the responsibilities that managers and leaders at Stockholm County Council, private operators and academia have as regards clinical education. This work resulted in plans of action designed to improve and develop collaboration around clinical placements.

Much of the work the CKU does is interprofessional and designed to support unity of vision and integration within and between education programmes. Four project managers with different professional backgrounds and competencies worked during the year on promoting and encouraging interprofessio-nal learning and on facilitating the start of new interprofessional learning environments.

As regards the supplementary pedagogical education of teachers, the CKU launched and implemented a 7.5 HEC course entitled “Pedagogical methods for teachers and supervisors in clinic-based education at university level” (see also under Quality). The aim of the course is to strengthen the teachers’ educational skills and encourage them to adopt a reflective and academic approach towards students and learning on clinical placements . The course is an important vehicle for the exchange of information between the clinical and academic environments.

As regards pedagogical development and research, a number of seminars and workshops were arranged during the year on such matters as the integration of theory and practice, standar-dised patients, pedagogical supervision, interprofessional lear-ning and applying for pedagogical project funding.

The CKU has been developing a system for evaluating the quality of clinical placements. The evaluation, which is based on a number of quality indicators, is conducted from three perspectives: the students’, the teachers’/supervisors’, and the clinical managers’.

In order to meet Stockholm County Council’s safety and quality requirements, the CKU has almost completely fulfilled its obligation to ensure that all clinical placements are adminis-trated via the online KliPP (clinical placement programme) tool, and that all clinical placements education students are provided with Stockholm County Council’s e-services card before they enter clinical practice.



Bachelor’s and Master’s education, total SEK million

2007 2008 2009 2010

REvEnUE

Direct Gov. funding 734.1 754.1 759.2 754.0

Fees and other remuneration 104.8 87.5 84.9 83.9

Grants 2.8 8.3 8.8 12.7

Financial revenue 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.1

Total revenue 842.6 850.0 852.9 850.7

COSTS

Staff 391.8 404.2 420.3 434.0

Premises 104.4 101.4 100.5 99.5

Other operating costs 271.6 287.3 304.4 295.1

Financial costs 4.0 0.3 0.2 0.2

Depreciation 25.7 25.6 23.6 23.3

Total costs 797.5 818.8 849.0 852.1

TRAnSFERS


Funds received from public authorities 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0

Contribution paid -12.5 -9.8 -6.1 -4.3

CHAnGE In CAPITAl

For the year 45.0 31.2 3.9 -1.4

Brought forward (opening balance) 57.6 102.7 134.1 137.9

Total (closing balance) 102.7 134.1 138.0 136.5

Financial account

Bachelor’s and Master’s educationKarolinska Institutet’s turnover for its Bachelor’s and Master’s education segment decreased by SEK 2.2 million in compari-son with 2009 to SEK 850.7 million. The decrease in turnover is found primarily in the revenue/funding category and is mainly attributable to the loss in December 2008 of the degree-awarding powers of its nursing study programme and to the subsequent moratorium on admission for three terms, and to the temporarily raised funding cap regarding extra places. KI therefore reports an under-production for 2010 and a total funding saving of SEK 71.8 million (including 2009). Of this, SEK 9.9 million is to be repaid to the Swedish National Debt Office, as the authority’s total funding saving may not exceed 10 per cent of the year’s allocated funding cap (see Note 1).

Change in capital

Departments’ results 17.1Global operations, KI -18.5Change in capital finance for the year -1.4



Fee-financed educationFee-financed education comprises contract courses and courses commissioned by other HEIs.

Bachelor’s and Master’s education, 2010 SEK million

Funding-financed Contract Operations REvEnUE education By order By contract Total


Fees 21.6 11.0 51.3 83.9

Grants 12.6 0.0 0.1 12.7


Total revenue 788.3 11.0 51.3 850.7

COSTS

Staff 426.2 4.4 3.4 434.0

Premises 75.2 0.5 23.8 99.5



Depreciation 13.6 0.1 9.5 23.3

Total costs 794.8 5.3 52.0 852.1

CHAnGE In CAPITAl

For the year -6.5 5.8 -0.6 -1.4

Brought forward (opening balance)

129.5 -1.4 9.8 137.9


Fee-financed first- and second-cycle education (contract) SEK million

2007 2008 2009 2010

REvEnUE


Fees 81.3 57.5 56.6 62.3

Grants 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1


Total revenue 81.4 57.6 56.7 62.4

COSTS

Staff 31.9 14.8 7.6 7.8

Premises 23.8 23.9 23.9 24.2




Total costs 81.1 58.3 51.0 57.2

CHAnGE In CAPITAl

For the year 0.3 -0.7 5.7 5.1

Brought forward (opening balance)

3.2 3.5 2.7 8.4


A financial summary for Bachelor’s education, broken down into funding-financed and fee-financed education, is given in the table below.

Uncategorised revenue and costsThe results from participations in subsidiaries and associated companies and revenue collection operations have not been categorised into operational areas (education and research). See under Financial report: Revenue statement.



The Board of Research and the Board of Doctoral Education have responsibility for research activities and third-cycle/Docto-ral education, respectively, at KI. Both bodies operate on behalf of the University Board, which assigns them specific tasks every financial year on which they are required to submit a year-end report. Research at KI is conducted by some 3,200 researchers in a total of 500 or so groups. At the end of 2010, there were some 2,300 registered Doctoral students.

One of the bodies operating under the Board of Research is the Recruitment Committee, which prepares and decides upon certain matters concerning the employment of senior lectu-rers and professors, including adjuncts, assistant lecturers and visiting senior lecturers, and applications for promotion to the positions of senior lecture or professor. The Grants Committee prepares applications for travel and research grants from KI’s funds.

One of the bodies operating under the Board of Doctoral Education is the Dissertation Committee, whose responsibility it is to check that theses presented at KI fulfil the formal require-ments of the Higher Education Ordinance (HEO) and KI, that the examination procedure can be completed correctly, and that the examiners are free from conflict of interest. For each public defence held, the committee appoints an Examination Board, sets the date and venue, and checks to make sure that the student’s individual study plan has been followed and that all constituent projects have been given ethical approval.

KI’s collaboration with Stockholm County Council is a key factor in its ability to dovetail research and Doctoral education with clinical practice, where the research results achieved will eventually benefit individual patients. The Research Strategy Committee is the body in which this goal is expressed through joint planning and resource allocation.

Research

Doctoral education and research

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DOCTORAl EDUCATIOn AnD RESEARCH

THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACTn In their activities the higher education institutions (HEIs) shall uphold academic credibility and good research practice.

The following general principles shall apply to research: 1. research issues may be freely selected, 2. research methodologies may be freely developed, and 3. research results may be freely published.

STRATEGy 2012n Conduct medical research of high quality in an

international perspective.

A student at the department of oncology-pathology looks at some microscope slides for his project.


New research findings: some examplesEvery year, research from a wide range of medical fields at KI is presented in international scientific journals, often in collabora-tion with other Swedish and international researchers. The research conducted at KI is very broad, and in 2010 spanned everything from basic genetic mapping to clinical patient-end research. Here is a selection of the results presented during the year.

Cardiovascular diseaseThe most common cause of death in Sweden are cardiovascular diseases, and can be the result of atherosclerosis, a condition caused by plaques accumulating on the inside of blood vessels. A new study showed how the immune defence’s T cells are involved in the inflammation that leads to atherosclerosis. By producing a vaccine against the T cell receptors, the re-searchers have managed to inhibit the development of blood vessel inflammation in animals. The results are expected to be of considerable significance to the future treatment of athero-sclerosis, heart attack and stroke (Journal of Experimental Medicine, May).

Atherosclerosis is also exacerbated by high cholesterol levels in the blood, and a clinical trial co-conducted by researchers at KI has found a potential drug candidate that operates specifi-cally on the liver and reduces blood cholesterol without serious adverse reactions (New England Journal of Medicine, March). Another discovery that can lead to future medicines was presented in a study describing how the blood-brain barrier, which normally protects the brain from harmful substances but which also blocks the delivery of drugs to the brain, is regulated (Nature, October).

Applying heart massage alone as first aid in the event of a cardiac arrest is as effective as giving heart massage in combina-tion with artificial respiration, one study showed (New England Journal of Medicine, July).

Foetal malnutrition and low birth weight are associated with a greater risk of the child developing kidney disease and high blood pressure later on in life. Researchers gave hope of being able to prevent serious kidney disease in utero when they disco-vered that a substance related to the heart medicine digitalis can protect the cells in the foetal kidneys so that they can develop normally despite the foetus being malnourished (Nature Com-munications, July).

It was also confirmed that thrombolysis, the active breakdown of blood clots in the brain, can be administered safely up to four and a half hours after a stroke, in contrast to the previous three-hour limit. The new results mean that a new, large patient group can benefit from safe and efficacious treatment (The Lancet Neurology, July).

neuroscienceHigh concentrations of vitamin E in the blood was linked to a lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease in people over 80 (Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, July). Another study showed that vitamin B12 can have a protective effect against Alzheimer’s disease (Neurology, October). These findings confirm previous studies on the role of diet in reducing the risk of dementia diseases.

New basic discoveries on how organisms move were published in two papers. In the one, researchers used zebra fish to show how the nerves are activated when swimming (Nature Neuro-science, November); in the other, researchers created a geneti-cally modified mouse with nerve cells that could be activated by blue light. By directing blue light onto cells in the brain stem or spinal cord of these mice, the team was able to switch on and off walking-like motor activity (Nature Neuroscience, January). The results are of potential significance to the development of future treatments for people with spinal injury.

Stem cellsPeople with spinal injury might one day be helped by new research demonstrating that a new group of stem cells in the spinal cord called ependymal cells can repair damaged tissue. The study, which was conducted on mice, showed that these stem cells are inactive in the healthy spinal cord, and are only stimulated when the spinal cord is damaged (Cell Stem Cell, October). The same team is behind another study that added to scientists’ fundamental understanding of the special cells and environments that surround and protect mouse stem cells (Cell Stem Cell, December). The study sheds light on how stem cells in the adult body can produce new cells throughout life.

The very ability of stem cells to replace lost cells has raised hopes of radical new types of therapy. However, for any future clinical use to be possible, stem cells must be cultivatable with-out the addition of animal-derived substances. In one study, researchers were able for the first time to cultivate human embryonic stem cells under chemically controlled circumstan-ces and without the use of animal-based substances (Nature Biotechnology, May). Researchers also managed to identify the skin’s most primitive stem cell (Science, March), a finding that enhances scientists’ basic knowledge of the process of cell rene-wal in the skin and that opens up new ways of understanding and influencing the healing of wounds and skin cancer.

CancerOesophageal and gastric cancer are aggressive forms of tumour for which there is an urgent need to find factors that can predict a patient’s chances of survival after treatment. Since serious heart burn is the most important risk factor for gland cell cancer in the oesophagus, the researchers had hoped that operating for pyrosis would have a protective effect. However, a large-scale



Zebra fish serving science In a study using zebra fish, researchers at KI were able to show the mechanism governing how organisms move. In order to achieve a certain speed and strength in the motion the nerve cells – the motor neuron – have to be activated in a specific sequence.

Better understanding on infertilityFertilization starts with the encounter between sperm and the extracellular matrix of the egg, the zona pellucida (ZP). The pic-ture shows the 3D structure of ZP3, the ZP component that acts as receptor for sperm, overlayed on top of a scanning electron microscopy image of the ZP surrounding a human egg.

Fat droplets accumulate and adhere to a coronary artery wallThe most common cause of cardiac infarct is blockage of a coro-nary artery following the rupture of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque, which is an unstable collection of fatty acids and white blood cells in the wall of an artery. In 2010 several KI researchers published new findings on understanding, preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.

Study on mobile phone use People who have used mobile phones regularly for at least ten years run no higher risk of developing the glioma and menin-gioma brain tumour types, this according to Interphone, the largest international study to date on cancer and mobile phone use.

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Swedish study showed that patients thus operated remained in the high-risk zone for oesophageal cancer for a long time after surgery (Gastroenterology, February). Another study showed that changes in the patients’ self-rated life quality after treatment for oesophageal and gastric cancer can predict the chances of survival over the long term (Journal of Clinical Oncology, March).

Patients with incurable cancer were also the subjects of a study at KI. Researchers asked patients with inoperable lung cancer what they found most stressful about their circumstances. Their results showed that several stressful factors are overlooked by standardised questionnaires; for example, one in four of the interviewed patients said that they were stressed by the lack of communication with the healthcare services (Journal of Clinical Oncology, April).

People who have used mobile phones regularly for at least ten years run no higher risk of developing the glioma and meningi-oma brain tumour types, this according to Interphone, the largest international study to date on cancer and mobile phone use (International Journal of Epidemiology, May).

For a cancer tumour to grow, the cancer cells must stimulate the formation of new blood vessels that can supply the tumour with oxygen and nutrients. By blocking a receptor molecule on the surface of blood vessel cells, scientists were able to prevent the development of tumour blood vessels in mice, thus halting the growth of the tumour. A substance that exploits this mecha-nism is a possible candidate for a new cancer drug (Journal of Experimental Medicine, January).

Inflammation and immunologyIt has long been assumed that inflammation of fat tissue is a contributor to impaired insulin function (insulin resistance) and, eventually, to adult (type II) diabetes. However, one re-search group questioned this theory with a study showing that a certain type of inflammation is necessary for the normal forma-tion of new fat tissue and the breakdown of fat cells (New Eng-land Journal of Medicine, March). Another study showed that blood vessels in the heart and muscles can regulate the uptake of the fatty acids we ingest with our food (e.g. meat and dairy pro-ducts). The researchers behind the study also identified how the regulation is controlled by the muscle cells themselves (Nature, March). The results pave the way for new treatments for morbid fat accumulations in the muscles, which in turn increase the risk of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Our immune defence consists of a complex interaction between a variety of cells and the substances they secrete. Researchers at KI are trying to understand the details of this interaction and showed that the natural killer (NK) cells, which form part of the body’s endogenous immune defence, might have a memory function, something that scientists previously did not believe

was the case (Journal of Experimental Medicine, December). Understanding how the immune defence works is particularly important when it comes to individuals suffering from autoim-mune diseases in which certain cells are activated against their own body. One discovery is that some patients with auto- immune diseases have lower levels of NK T-cells, and that this is a contributor to their disease (Journal of Experimental Medicine, May). The discovery can be of considerable signifi-cance in the treatment of serious diseases such as MS and rheumatoid arthritis.

GeneticsA number of studies mapping the genetic basis of different diseases were also published. One international team of scien-tists, which included a group from KI, found six gene variants behind almost 40 per cent of all cases of childhood asthma (New England Journal of Medicine, September). Another international team identified 18 new genetic loci linked to BMI-rated obesity (Nature Genetics, October). Studies also reported on genes that can be linked to other diseases, such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, lymphoma, psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis (Nature Genetics, March-November).

Public health scienceSuicide is one of the most common causes of death in the 15-44 age group. New research showed that the method used to attempt suicide very much determines whether or not the act is brought to completion (British Medical Journal, July). Another study showed that people suffering from severe acne attempt suicide more often than others (British Medical Journal, November).

The importance of avoiding passive smoking was underpinned by a study from KI and the World Health Organisation showing that it causes an estimated 600,000 premature global deaths every year (The Lancet, November).

Medical technologyCarbon nanotubes are a material comprising a single layer of carbon atoms rolled into a tube. Scientists once thought that carbon nanotubes were not broken down by the body or in nature. However, KI researchers and their American colleagues showed for the first time that carbon nanotubes can in fact be broken down by an enzyme found in white blood cells. This finding can be of significance to the future use of carbon nano-tubes in medical contexts (Nature Nanotechnology, April).

ReproductionThe mapping of the 3D structure of the receptor on the surface of the human egg that receives the sperm at the moment of ferti-lisation, was published in October. The results provide a better understanding of infertility and can lead to radical new types of contraceptive (Cell, October).


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Staffan Bergström received the 2010 RFSU prize and the 2010 Hedenius Prize.

Ylva Dalén was named Female Inventor of the Year 2010.

Sten Grillner became an elected member of the National Academy of Sciences.

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Prizes and distinctionsLars Alfredsson was awarded Skandia’s Lennart Levi prize for his health promo-ting research and inspirational contribu-tions to education.

Catarina Almqvist Malmros was awar-ded the 2010 Romain Pauwels Award for young research leaders by the European Respiratory Society for her studies on early risk factors for asthma and allergic disease.

Clas Baltsar Johansson and Sergey Rodin received a Swedish-French Prize from the French embassy in Sweden and the French-Swedish Young Scientists Association.

Jonas Bergh was appointed visiting professor at the University of Manches-ter for his outstanding contributions to academic research.

Staffan Bergström received the 2010 RFSU prize for his “untiring efforts to combat maternal mortality”.

Staffan Bergström was also awarded the 2010 Hedenius Prize by the Swedish Humanist Association for “working in a true enlightenment spirit, with medical expertise and humanistic pathos, to save the lives of thousands of women in Africa”.

Christer Betsholtz received the 2010 Axel Hirsch MD Prize for a series of internationally acclaimed and often cited papers on how blood vessels are formed.

Niklas Björkström was awarded the 2010 Asclepius Prize by the Swedish Society of Medicine for the best scientific article.

Ola Brodin was awarded the 2010 SLUSG Prize, which was founded by AstraZeneca and the Swedish Lunch Cancer Study Group, for his important contributions to the field of lung cancer.

Marie Carlén and Konstantinos Meletis received the 2010 NARSAD Young Investigator Award.

Francesca Chiodi, Marta Granström, Ingeborg van der Ploeg and Hans Rosling were designated honorary professors at Hanoi Medical University in Vietnam for their commitment to the university’s research and Doctoral education.

Ylva Dalén was named Female Inven-tor of the Year 2010 by the Swedish Inventors’ Association for her creation of Hoppolek (”jump-and-play”), an aid for disabled children that helps to prevent osteoporosis through play.

Liv Eidsmo was awarded the newly founded Psoriasis Scholarship for her research into psoriasis and the mecha-nisms underlying the disease.

Patrik Ernfors became an elected mem-ber of the EMBO (European Microbio-logy Organisation).

Fang Fang was awarded the Dimitris N. Chorafas Prize for her thesis entitled “Epidemiologic studies of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis”.

Maria Feychting received the Swedish Risk Academy Award from the Swedish Society for Risk Sciences for “acting and communicating on strictly scientific grounds and with great pedagogical skill, even when under pressure from the media, lobby groups and individuals”.

Laura Fratiglioni was awarded the Silviahemmet’s research and education scholarship for 2010 for her groundbrea-king research in the field of dementia.

Susanne Gabrielsson received a share of the 2010 Grand SFFA Scholarship.

Bengt Glimelius received the Hamil-ton Fairley Award from the European Society for Medical Oncology.



Sten Grillner became an elected mem-ber of the National Academy of Sciences in recognition of his outstanding contri-butions to research.

Sten Hellström was awarded Swedbank’s Amanda and Per Algot Månberg Memo-rial Prize for Science for his outstanding research on the interaction between the different parts of the inflamed ear.

Hassan Kansoul received Stockholm City’s Innovation Scholarship of SEK 50,000 for his biopsy needle.

Ole Kiehn was awarded the 2010 Söderberg Endowment Professorship in Medical Research.

Lars Klareskog received the 2010 Söder-berg Medicine Prize.

Hugo Lagercrantz and Torbjörn Tänn-sjö were awarded the Dagens Medicin Grand Debate Prize. Hugo Lagercrantz was also awarded the 2009 Lars Salvius Prize for particularly outstanding contri-butions to scientific writing and popular science.

Jonas Ludvigsson was named Rising Star 2010 within European gastroenterology.

Anna Nilsson received a prize from the Swedish Society of Medicine for the best project application.

Staffan Normark was awarded the Pasteur Medal for his fundamental dis-coveries in bacteriology in the spirit and tradition of Pasteur.

Per Renström was awarded the 2010 Duke of Edinburgh Prize by the British Institute of Sports and Exercise Medi-cine, together with Professor Emeritus Lars Peterson from the Sahlgrenska Academy, for their unique contributions to research into sports medicine and in society.

Hans Rosling received the Royal In-stitute of Technology’s Grand Prize for disseminating knowledge of health in the world using accessible statistics in an engaged, informative and educational manner.

Lars Rydén was appointed honorary doctor at the Medical University of Sile-sia in Katowice, Poland.

Lena Sahlquist received the Natur och Kultur Prize for the best manuscript for literature on the study programme in nursing.

Catarina Träger and Andreas Mårtens-son were awarded the Grand Paediatrics Prize for their research on neuroblas-toma and malaria in children.

Gunnar Tydén was awarded the 2010 Scandinavian Transplant Prize.

Lena Törnkvist was named Nursing Ma-nager of the Year by the Swedish Society of Nursing.

Lars-Olof Wahlund was awarded the Inga Sandeborg Prize, together with An-ders Wallin, professor at the University of Gothenburg, for their research on dementia diseases, primarily Alzheimer’s disease.

Harriet Wallberg-Henriksson was ap-pointed honorary doctor at the Univer-sity of Minnesota for having intensified and deepened the collaborative relation-ship between KI and the University of Minnesota.

Hans Wigzell received the Swedish Network for Innovation and Technology Transfer Support Diamond Prize 2010 for having “demonstrated great insight into the utilisation of research results through the establishment of KIAB” during his time as President of KI.

Bengt Winblad was awarded the 2010 Wajlit and Eric Forsgren Prize for excel-lent Alzheimer’s researchers for being “an internationally leading dementia researcher with an unmatched breadth of scientific activity, from cell biology via epidemiology to nursing”.

Ole Kiehn was awarded the 2010 Söderberg Endowment Professor-ship in Medical Research.

Lars Klareskog received the 2010 Söderberg Medicine Prize.

Lena Sahlquist received the Natur och Kultur Prize for the best manuscript for literature on the study programme in nursing.

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Scientific production: BibliometricsKI uses bibliometrics to measure the spread and impact of its research findings. Bibliometrics involves the application of mathematical and statistical procedures to articles, books and other media. Different indicators have been developed for measuring the scientific impact of a university or research group. Reported data1 is analysed over a long period of time, and so individual year-on-year comparisons must be made with cau-tion. Several different measurements should be used to make a fair bibliometric assessment possible. The number of articles is a rough measure of scientific production and depends on a variety of factors, such as the publication patterns of different discipli-nes. The bars of the histogram above represent publications with some kind of organisational link to KI.

Figures for the number of publications are based on year of publication, but since the database is updated with a slight time lag, there are no complete statistics for the past year at the time of publishing this annual report. In order to present a fair assess-ment of the development, figures for 2010 will not be given. A more accurate assessment of scientific production is possible by making comparisons over a longer period of time. KI has therefore decided to draw comparisons for the 2000–2009

period, during which the total production of publications increased by 28 per cent. Scientific and review articles alone accounted for an increase of 24 per cent. The production of other types of publication increased by 76 per cent.

Information on the calculation of bibliometric values mentio-ned here is available in the “Bibliometric Handbook for Karolin-ska Institutet”, which can be downloaded from the KI website.

The “field normalised citation score” compares the citation rate of a particular article with publications of the same class (i.e. the same kind of document from the same year and on the same subject). An individual article’s indicator is 1 if it is cited as many times as the mean citation rate for similar articles. The diagram above gives the mean field normalised citation score for all articles from KI per year. Between 2001 and 2009, KI’s score climbed from 1.4 to 1.5 – a relatively stable citation rate indica-ting that KI is maintaining its global position. Indicators of the “field normalised citation score” kind require a certain volume of publications and citations to be statistically significant. At the time of writing this annual report, publications from 2010 have not yet been registered or cited to the extent required to provide stable and reliable data, and have therefore been omitted from the above diagram.

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500Other

Letter

Editorial Material

Meeting Abstract

Review

Article

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

5,000

2009

Publications

0,00

0,25

0,50

0,75

1,00

1,25

1,50

1,75

Score

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

KI

2009

Field normalised citation scores

1 Certain data included herein is derived from the 1995–2010 Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index and Arts & Humanities Citation Index Tagged data prepared by

the Thomson Scientific Inc (TS), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: © Thomson Reuters Inc® 2010. All rights reserved.

Number



Research funding

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

20102001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

SEK million

External

Government

2009

Research funding, 2001–2010 (current prices)

Total revenue for research, 2007–2010, SEK million (current prices)

Source 2007 2008 2009 2010Change

2009–2010

Foundations and organisations 575 576 645 654 1.4%

Foreign funding (see below) 396 436 467 496 6.0%

Research councils 350 437 484 597 23.3%

County and municipal councils 284 335 559 551 -1.5%

Other Government funding 175 186 304 260 -14.5%

Swedish business sector 197 177 196 196 -0.2%

KI funds 89 63 57 53 -6.2%

Financial revenue 59 78 18 17 -3.3%

Total external funding 2,125 2,290 2,731 2,824 3.4%

Direct Government funding 1,244 1,296 1,326 1,581 19.3%

Total 3,369 3,586 4,057 4,405 8,6%

Proportion of external funding 63% 64% 67% 64%

Breakdown of foreign funding, SEK million

EU 186 213 234 231 -1.0%

Foundations and organisations 104 127 134 195 45.5%

Business sector 106 96 100 69 -30.4%

Total 396 436 467 496 6.1%

KI’s total assets as regards research increased by almost nine per cent in the 2010 financial year, mainly on account of direct Government funding. This is a clear trend break and testifies to the impact made by the strategic reinforcements of the direct Government funding. Funds from research councils increased by 23 per cent. KI’s own funds and financial revenue were affec-

ted by the the economic development i society as a whole, and declined slightly. County and municipal councils and the Swe-dish business sector showed only minor changes. The total share of external funding being invested in research was 63 per cent, a decline of three percentage points from the 2009 financial year.



Funds for strategic research fieldsKI was very successful in the national allocation of strategic research areas and has established six research initiatives in the fields of diabetes, neuroscience, healthcare science, cancer, epidemiology and stem cells/regenerative medicine. Each stra-tegic research area seeks to develop effective research environ-ments by establishing recruitment programmes for junior and senior researchers, organising competitive infrastructures and easing mobility between preclinical and clinical research and industry. Prioritising the activities in each area has necessitated a certain run-up to bring projects to implementation. A total of SEK 11.9 million was utilised in 2010 by the six areas for which KI has responsibility. The development of the strategic research area environments and the synergy effects with other strategic initiatives give KI a strong basis for creating internationally leading research profiles in each field. A total of SEK 4.6 million has been paid to partners, which breaks down as follows: SEK

1.2 million from the field of diabetes to Umeå University; SEK 1.0 million from the field of neuroscience to Umeå University and SEK 0.4 million to the Royal Institute of Technology; and SEK 2.0 million from the field of healthcare science to Umeå University.

KI is involved in two more strategic research area initiatives in molecular bioscience (SciLifeLab) and in e-science. SciLife-Lab represents a mustering of resources from KI, the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm University and Uppsala Uni-versity, and its establishment has given researchers at KI unique opportunities to carry out technology-intensive and large-scale research projects on gene and protein function locally. SciLi-feLab gives researchers at KI and elsewhere in Sweden access to the modern techniques and instruments created by today’s rapid technological developments. In the future, SciLifeLab will include state-of-the-art imaging facilities for studying cellular phenomena.

Strategic research funds for which KI was the principal applicant, SEK thousand

Cancer Diabetes Epidemiology neuroscienceStem cells/

regenerative medicine

Healthcare sciences

Total

Revenue

Funding 5,600 8,000 6,000 10,000 12,000 10,000 51,600

Total revenue 5,600 8,000 6,000 10,000 12,000 10,000 51,600

Costs

Staff 81 3,328 121 1,295 1,172 1,965 7,962

Other operating costs

97 635 2 1,258 1,663 248 3,903

Total costs 178 3,963 123 2,553 2,835 2,213 11,865

Balance 5,422 4,037 5,877 7,447 9,165 7,787 39,735

Strategic research funds for which KI was a co-applicant, SEK thousand

Molecular bioscience e-science Total

Revenue

Funding 11,667 800 12,467

Total revenue 11,667 800 12,467

Costs

Staff 2,616 100 2,716

Other operating costs 5,025 26 5,051

Total costs 7,641 126 7,767

Balance 4,026 674 4,700



The Karolinska Public Health Academy On 1 January 2009, KI took over Stockholm County Council’s Centre for Public Health in order to strengthen collaboration between KI and Stockholm County Council in the public health field. The transfer involved almost 200 employees, and as explai-ned in the 2009 annual report there were some problems with finances, commissions and organisation.

The organisation, now called the Karolinska Public Health Academy, was reviewed in 2010 and the finances were consoli-dated. Certain operational adjustments were also made. A plan was drawn up for 2011, with implementation in 2012, for the remaining issues.

International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (INCF) The INCF was created through the OECD in August 2005 in order to develop infrastructure for neuroinformatics (informa-tics with a neuroscientific orientation). Following an internatio-nal OECD report, the INCF Secretariat offices have been located at KI and the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. The INCF currently has 16 member nations, including the USA, Japan, South Korea, India and 12 EU countries, all of which develop neuroinformatics locally and implement various INCF activities. The INCF is financed by membership fees from each country set in proportion to the investments they make in research and development, which cover the secretariat’s opera-tions and salaries for its 12 staff, most of whom hold doctorates. KI places premises and a certain amount of administrative ser-vice at the INCF’s disposal, and the Royal Institute of Techno-logy provides a professorship in neuroinformatics and a person employed at the Parallel Computer Centre.

Neuroinformatics is part of bioinformatics, and spans a field that is critically important for amassing knowledge of the function and diseases of the nervous system as quickly as pos-sible. Such diseases concern both psychiatry and neurology and, often being chronic in nature, cause a great deal of suffering for patients and expense for society. In Europe, Japan and the USA, such diseases account for 33–35 per cent of total healthcare costs.

The INCF operates through a number of programmes designed to develop different sub-fields of neuroinformatics and to disseminate and anchor this knowledge to different neuroscientific fields. This is achieved through the INCF portal (www.incf.org), which contains all necessary information on its activities as well as other publicly accessible information about

different databases, tools and programmes for modelling (www.software.incf.org). The INCF also operates through each member country’s national node and an annual neuroinfor-matics conference, which in 2010 was held in Kobe, Japan, for some 250 delegates.

The overarching objectives of the four INCF programmes are to create a standardised method of describing and cataloguing data; to develop an interface for integrating different well-established softwares for simulating and visualising the nervous system and its function; and to create standardised lexicons for naming cell types and their properties.

One of the results of the digital atlases programme has been the development of a standardised reference atlas of the mouse brain called “Waxholm Space”. A practical problem in this field has been that while a number of digital atlases have been deve-loped, each with its own specific data (e.g. genetic or morpho-logical), it has not been possible to link them. This problem has recently been solved by the development of the new digital atlas. A similar reference atlas is now being planned for the rat and primate brains.

Large, well-functioning databases require a hierarchically organised, computer-orientated terminology; in other words, a generally accepted ontology. A structured lexicon is under de-velopment for the translation and definition of terms describing neural structures. A register has also been started of the cellular and molecular properties of different neuronal cell types in or-der to create a defined, globally accepted terminology for nerve cells defined in a standardised way.

Computer modelling is critical to experimental neurosci-ence. A standardised mark-up language is being developed in the “multiscale modelling” programme to increase precision and reproducibility and to simplify the simulation process. Another important result of the programme is the preparation of the INCF’s Multi-Simulation Coordinator (MUSIC), an interface tool that enables simulators for different parts of the brain to be used at system level.

The fourth and newest programme, “standards for data sharing”, has been designed to develop standardised metadata, initially for neuroimaging and electrophysiological databases, to enable the digital storage of experimental data from earlier studies.

The results of the INCF’s various programmes and activities are published in reports available from Nature Precedings.



0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

2010200920082007200620052004200320022001

Men Women Total

Number

Active Doctoral students at KI

Doctoral education: admissions, registered students and degrees

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Doctoral admissions 378 398 420 420 450

- of which licentiates 30 17 12 19 18

Registered Doctoral students (active _>10%) 2,081 2,073 2,080 2,028 2,076

Licentiate degrees 43 31 15 17 21

PhD degrees 378 345 352 392 367

- of which with previous licentiate 36 38 18 20 12

Doctoral education

VolumeThere were 450 new Doctoral admissions in 2010, an increase of seven per cent on the previous financial year. Of the new intake, 18 were aiming for a licentiate degree. This is the highest registered intake and one reason for this is that KI is currently in an expansive phase with several new major research appro-priations. Also, KI has started two national research schools in the areas of clinical psychiatry and clinical cancer research, each with approximately 30 students. The issue of balancing the volume of Doctoral education with, above all, the need for more mid-level academic posts has once again been brought to the fore with the increase in intake. The total volume of Doctoral students has, however, shown no increase from the 2006-2009 period.

THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACTn Third-cycle/Doctoral education shall essentially build

on the knowledge that students acquire in first-cycle/Bachelor’s and second-cycle/Master’s education or corresponding knowledge.

In addition to what applies to Bachelor’s and Master’s education, Doctoral education shall develop the knowledge and skills needed to be able to conduct research independently.

STRATEGy 2012n Strengthen education at Doctoral level to compete

with increasing global competition.




The Blue Hall in Stockholm City Hall is the venue for the

conferment ceremony for Doctoral students

Photo: Erik G Svensson



DegreesThe number of Doctoral degrees declined by 4.8 per cent from 2009. Seen over a five-year period, the number of PhDs has remained relatively stable while the number of licentiate degrees has almost halved.

Breakdown by age and genderThe gender proportion in Doctoral education remained the same as in previous years, although the increase in active Doctoral students between the 2009–2010 budget years was solely attributable to women. The age distribution also remained largely unchanged, with almost a third of Doctoral students falling into the 40-plus age group. This reflects the difficulties faced by certain groups, women in particular, in pursuing their Doctoral education in tandem with their clinical education and clinical practice.

Actual period of studyOver the past five years, the actual period of study has gradually approached the expected four years for PhDs and two years for licentiates. One reason for this is that KI has ascribed particular weight in its follow-ups to the immediate admission and regist-ration of Doctoral students when a project commences that can be assumed to lead to a degree. This is especially important for clinical placements, where a Doctoral project is often conducted alongside clinical practice.

Student financeDoctoral studentships accounted for some 78 per cent of student financing in the form of direct Government funding and external funding, a level that has remained stable over the reporting period. The ratio of external funding to direct Govern-ment funding fell by ten percentage points from 2007 to 68 per cent in 2010, a possible reason being the introduction of KI’s scheme for the part-financing of Doctoral students from direct Government funding (so called KID funding). This programme was launched in 2006 with 60 places; in the 2010 financial year, this number had risen to 415. Other forms of financing include scholarships, other employment at KI, or financing through clinical practice.

0

100

200

300

400

Men Women Total

Number

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Theses defended at KI

Doctoral education: degrees awarded, 2010

Field of research

PhDs with no

previous licentiate1

PhDs with

previous licentiate1

licen-tiates1

Doctoral degrees2

Medicine 355 12 21 371,5

1 Unadjusted figures.2 A PhD counts as one degree if not preceded by a licentiate degree. A licentiate degree

and a PhD preceded by a licentiate each count as half a degree.


Active (at least 10%) Doctoral students by age and gender, 2010

Age Female Male Total Proportion

-29 363 (28%) 208 (27%) 571 27%

30–39 522 (41%) 348 (44%) 870 42%

40- 405 (31%) 230 (29%) 635 31%

Total 1,290 (62%) 786 (38%) 2,076 100%

Student finance by discipline, SEK thousand

Source 2007 2008 2009 2010

Doctoral studentship 218,486 78% 208,897 77% 219,711 78% 227,127 78%

Doctoral grant 60,357 22% 62,885 23% 63,203 22% 63,639 22%

Total 278,843 271,782 282,914 290,766

of which direct Government funding

62,247 22% 68,819 25% 79,568 28% 93,715 32%

of which external funding 216,596 78% 202,963 75% 203,346 72% 197,051 68%

Actual period of study


0

1

2

3

4

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Year

Licentiate

Doctor of Philosophy


Financial account

The report on the Doctoral education and research seg-ment includes asset management. The results of asset management are also given in a separate section.

Doctoral education and researchKI’s turnover for its Doctoral education and research segment increased by SEK 375.7 million (9.3 per cent) on the previous year. The greatest increase was seen in the direct Government funding category, which was SEK 255.5 million up on 2009. The increase in grant re-venue is largely attributable to the greater utilisation of previously received revenue, compared to previous year.

Change in capital The change in capital for the year was a surplus of SEK 260.2 million, which breaks down as follows:

Departments’ results 263.7Global operations, KI 0.1Result of asset management -3.6Change in capital for the year 260.2

Doctoral education and research, total(inc. asset management), SEK million

2007 2008 2009 2010

REvEnUE

Direct Government funding 1,244.4 1,296.1 1,326.0 1,581.5


Grants 1,541.6 1,718.1 1,925.6 2,095.0


Total revenue 3,323.8 3,625.5 4,026.7 4,402.4

COSTS

Staff 1,709.5 1,786.4 2,074.9 2,171.7

Premises 383.3 401.4 452.2 465.0

Other operating costs 1,089.2 1,136.9 1,251.0 1,364.0

Financial costs 8.8 66.7 -13.5 7.4

Depreciation 111.2 115.2 120.4 134.1

Total costs 3,302.2 3,506.6 3,885.0 4,142.2

TRAnSFERS

Direct Government funding 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.1


Other funding 28.2 27.2 20.0 35.5


CHAnGE In CAPITAl

For the year 21.8 119.0 141.7 260.2





Doctoral education and research (contract activities), SEK million

2007 2008 2009 2010

REvEnUE



Grants 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2


Total revenue 386.0 413.7 566.7 424.7

COSTS

Staff 275.0 292.9 374.6 296.1

Premises 15.2 15.6 48.1 37.9




Total costs 378.7 403.0 544.8 426.8

TRAnSFERS

Funds received from public authorities 0.0 0.0 0.0 0,3

Other funding 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Contribution paid 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3

CHAnGE In CAPITAl

For the year 7.4 10.7 21.9 -2.1

Brought forward opening balance) 15.9 23.3 33.9 55.8


Co-financingIn January 2010, KI implemented a model for indirect costs devised by the Association of Swedish Higher Education, but the effect of the new method of reporting co-financing, since it was only applied to new grant-funded projects, will not show through this first year. Co-financing has occurred previously, although not with the clarity offered by this new model.

SEK 39 million of direct Government funding was used to co-finance grant-funded research and Doctoral educa-tion activities (equivalent to two per cent of the total financing).

Contract researchRevenue from fees and other remuneration decreased by SEK 142.1 million on 2009. The main reason for this is that billed salaries to Stockholm County Council for 2010 are reported under grant-funded activities, which also affects the cost side as staff and premises costs have been similarly transferred.

Contract research was financed by external customers as follows:

Financing categories (%) 2009 2010County and municipal councils 57 56Foreign financiers (companies and organisations) 17 15Swedish companies 17 18Other Government agencies 8 9Organisations and foundations 1 2 Uncategorised revenue and costsThe results from participations in subsidiaries and asso-ciated companies and revenue collection operations have not been categorised into operational areas (education and research). See under Financial report: Revenue statement.

Doctoral education and research, total(inc. asset management), SEK million

2007 2008 2009 2010

REvEnUE

Direct Government funding 1,244.4 1,296.1 1,326.0 1,581.5


Grants 1,541.6 1,718.1 1,925.6 2,095.0


Total revenue 3,323.8 3,625.5 4,026.7 4,402.4

COSTS

Staff 1,709.5 1,786.4 2,074.9 2,171.7

Premises 383.3 401.4 452.2 465.0

Other operating costs 1,089.2 1,136.9 1,251.0 1,364.0

Financial costs 8.8 66.7 -13.5 7.4

Depreciation 111.2 115.2 120.4 134.1

Total costs 3,302.2 3,506.6 3,885.0 4,142.2

TRAnSFERS



Other funding 28.2 27.2 20.0 35.5


CHAnGE In CAPITAl

For the year 21.8 119.0 141.7 260.2





Collaboration

KI collaborates extensively with other HEIs, companies and organisations around the world, and this collaboration is critical to its success as a university. KI also publicises information about the latest research to a wider public.

KI is the largest academic partner in Sweden for researchers in other countries (see the diagram showing co-authored publications under Internationalisation) and works closely with several important authorities, some of which, such as the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, are co-localised with KI. Much of the research at KI is conducted in collaboration with Swedish and overseas companies, which provides considerable opportunities for knowledge exchange as well as sources of financing. In 2010, the private sector invested SEK 265 million in research at KI, of which SEK 69 million came from companies based abroad. KI also starts its own companies, which KI’s inno-vation system helps to grow and become viable. The KI Science Park can offer premises for growing and established companies wishing to settle in proximity to the university. KI’s single largest collaboration partner is Stockholm County Council (SCC), which provides resources for extensive clinical research and education.

THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACTn The mandate of higher education institutions (HEIs) shall

also include third stream activities and the provision of information about their activities, as well as ensuring that benefit is derived from their research findings.

STRATEGy 2012n Education and research at KI shall interact in a mutual

exchange of knowledge and experience, and education and research at KI shall be characterised by a sincere responsibility for society. An important component of this collaboration is the transfer of research results into clinical application. KI and Stockholm County Council (SCC) have adopted a joint road map for the develop-ment of research. The innovative work carried out at KI also plays a significant role as a bridge between the research world and the pharmaceutical and medical products industries.

COllABORATIOn

Phot

o: E

rik

G S

vens

son

Tumour material from a pancreas is taken to be measured, described an examined microscopically. Some of the material is stored in a biobank for future research.


Collaboration with Stockholm County Council

The shared objectives of KI and SCC for their collaboration on education and research are to conduct research of future benefit to patients, to educate healthcare personnel, and to develop the healthcare sector by implementing new research results and trying new drugs and medical technical equipment. This is to strengthen the Stockholm region’s international competitiveness in healthcare and research and stimulate business growth.

Stockholm’s academic healthcare system is the organisational expression of the achievement of this aim, and is based on the idea that healthcare must be designed with particular attention paid to research, education and development. The KI/SCC collaboration is largely conducted under the regional medical training and research agreement (so called ALF agreement, based on a national ALF agreement between the Government and six county councils on Bachelor’s and Master’s medical education and clinical medical research).

The collaboration takes place along two parallel tracks, the one being the joint prioritisation of RE&D (research, education and development) resources, the other being the organisation and management of academic healthcare, including the plan-ning of the New Karolinska Hospital in Solna (NKS) and Bio-Medicum. Collaboration also takes place within the Centre of Medical Knowledge, SCC and the Science for Life Laboratory.

Collaboration on the distribution of RE&D resourcesCollaboration on the distribution of RE&D resources is organi-sed on two levels: a senior management level and an operational level. At the senior management level is the KI/SCC Manage-ment Group and three strategic cooperating bodies for research, education and infrastructure. The basic intention is that this organisation will gain a general, overall view of resource use in each area. The collaboration organisation overviews the medical training and research agreement funds (so called ALF funds) and the RE&D funds that SCC invests in the partnership, as well as the Government faculty funding and the Government funding for Bachelor’s and Master’s education assigned to KI. At the ope-rational level, the collaboration is organised in joint RE&D groups.

The budget is largely drafted by the Research Strategy Com-mittee, the Board of Higher Education and the Infrastructure Advisory Committee. The KI/SCC Management Group then forwards a complete proposal for the RE&D budget to SCC for decision on SCC-administrated RE&D funds.

In 2010, the Board of Higher Education allocated SCC-administrated funds for Bachelor’s and Master’s education to the study programmes in medicine, speech and language pathology and to teaching premises. Resources were also allocated to the Centre for Clinical Education (CCE) and clinical lecturers. The board produced a new model for the distribution of funds to the Clinical Training Centre, the Clinical Education Ward and

clinical interprofessional education in an out-patient setting, whereby allocations will adhere more directly to student placements. The collaboration between the healthcare orien-tated HEIs in Stockholm, SCC and KI was strengthened by the establishment of a steering group for the CCE. In addition, a teachers’ academy has been set up within the CCE to create an open forum for coordinated and structured competence deve-lopment for all teachers/supervisors involved in clinical place-ments. In June 2010 the CCE held its first training programme for heads of departments and clinical managers, which attracted some 70 participants. Other Board of Higher Education initia-tives include the ”Academic Healthcare Clinics” project, which began during the year in order to strengthen the presence of academia, both research and education, in primary care.

In 2008, the Research Strategy Committee drew up a general long-term roadmap for investments in translational thematic research centres, spearhead recruitments, announcements of grants for particularly prominent professors, and core facilities, in order to raise the level and quality of medical research and health care. In 2010, the committee and the Board of Research discussed a follow-up of the eight medical research centres that received funds and how such a follow-up is to be conducted, not least in relation to the follow-up that KI is to conduct of the Government’s strategic research areas. The Research Strategy Committee is also responsible for distributing funds assigned by activity for research to the RE&D groups and for advertising medical training and research agreement project funds and sup-port for clinical postdocs and clinical researchers.

The Infrastructure Advisory Committee coordinates invest-ments and certain operational costs in the areas of property development, animal house facilities, biobanks, informatics and learning environments of common interest to KI and SCC. Investment decisions are taken by the respective line organisa-tion based partly on the Infrastructure Committee’s recommen-dations. In order to be able to take important strategic initiatives, the KI/SCC Management Group set aside a small budget for joint infrastructure investments. In 2009, informatics develop-ment initiatives resulted in two projects: linking the Take Care and quality registers, and the Quality Register Centre. The Take Care project is designed to improve the transferability of patient journals and quality registers, and the Quality Register Centre is a node for developing the registers and for securing data for more effective care provision and improved knowledge.

Collaboration on academic healthcareA handful specifically appointed KI heads of departments take part in meetings of the divisional management at Karolinska University Hospital. The heads of department at Danderyd and Söder hospitals and an appointed KI head for collaboration with the Healthcare Provision, Stockholm County also work with the respective hospital management (or the equivalent) on issues relating to academic healthcare, and the KI management holds meetings with the hospital managers in question. In 2010, KI started to participate in SCC’s work concerning national specialised medical care.

COllABORATIOn


Karolinska Institutet’s system for supporting innovations and private sector collaboration

Universities have the potential to improve public welfare through, amongst other channels, the commercialisation of research and collaboration with the private sector. According to Strategy 2012, the challenge is to create a long-term and sustai-nable innovation system that can use its own revenue to finance

the commercialisation of scientific discoveries and the development of entrepreneurial and innovative spirit amongst researchers, teachers and students. Much of KI’s research is conducted in close collaboration with Swedish and overseas companies, which is also an important source of financing. KI’s innovation system is able to gather up ideas at an early stage, offer collaborative opportunities or assist with company forma-tion for the commercial market. This system can briefly be described in terms of its five component entities, which are controlled by KI and organisationally based both inside and outside the university:

Unit for Bioentre-preneurship (UBE)

Innovation Office Karolinska Institutet Innovations AB (KIAB)

Karolinska Institutet Science Park, (KISP)

Karolinska Development (KD)

Primary concern Research and education in entrepreneurship

Supporting colla-boration with the private sector, information and guidance for researchers on matters related to innovation

Incubator. Support with commercialisa-tion and company formation. Licensing.Mature companies are sold to market players, e.g. KD

Supply of premises, installations and Facility Management for life science companies

Investment firm with company portfolio, many of which originated in KIAB.

Organisational base/ownership

LIME, Karolinska Institutet

University Admin., Karolinska Institutet

Karolinska Institutet Holding AB (KIHAB)

Karolinska Institutet Holding AB (KIHAB)

Independent limited company. KIHAB is majority shareholder

Note that Life Science refers to the entire sector, covering drugs, biotechnology and health-related services.

COllABORATIOn

The medical training and research agreement (AlF), SCC and external funds 2005–2010, SEK million

REvEnUE 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

ALF funds 511.1 524.9 527.5 531.3 542.2 562.7

SCC funds 724.7 874.4 950.3 979.3 1,008.2 1,046.4

External funds 113.0 137.7 192.4 220.5 269.2 177.2

Total revenue 1,348.8 1,537.0 1,670.2 1,731.1 1,819.6 1,786.3

As part of the planning process for the new hospital in Solna (so called NKS – the New Karolinska Solna), KI is represented on advisory bodies in the hospital’s administration. At the same time NKS has representatives taking part in the planning process for a new laboratory complex at KI – BioMedicum – which will tie together experimental and translational research at KI with NKS.

Collaboration on the Centre of Medical Knowledge, SCCOver and above the collaborative activities that take place within the regulated collaboration organisation and through agreements on the management of academic healthcare, the close and broad

partnership between KI and SCC is expressed by KI’s represen-tation on the Centre of Medical Knowledge, SCC’s new organi-sation for the development of its knowledge management. The mandate of the centre is to support development work being done in the healthcare sector and to promote good examples so that the work by healthcare personnel can be supported by the best available medical knowledge. KI takes part in this through its representation on the Stockholm County Council Pharma-ceuticals Committee, all 28 specialist committees and the SCC committee for knowledge management.

The following table shows changes in RE&D funds admini-strated by SCC.


Internal External

Primary target groups

• Researchers, prospective researchers and students at KI

• Clinical practitioners at associated hospitals

• Researchers, prospective researchers and students at uni-versities with which the Innovation Office has partnered

• Research companies, primarily in the pharmaceutical medtech and diagnostic sectors

Primary collaboration units (besides units included in KI’s innova-tion system)

• Grants Office (EU applications etc)

• Development Office (companies primarily outside the life science sector)

• Innovation offices, collaboration offices and similar: Stockholm University, the Royal Institute of Technology, Södertörn University, Stockholm County Council

• Commercialisation units and similar at Swedish universities with medical faculties, chiefly via KIAB (Upp-sala University is the most frequent collaboration partner)

• Companies and organisations with innovation- supporting activities, e.g. Actar

Competence and staff developmentThe Innovation Office engaged a person to complement its knowledge of intellectual property law in 2010, and recruited another to develop press and information material and online information. Two of its staff attended a course on bioentrepre-neurial teaching in 2010, and another had a placement financed by Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (so called VINNOVA) with an innovation-support organisation in the USA in the spring of 2010. The staff represent a wide spectrum of knowledge and experience of both research and business. In 2010, the Innovation Office had five full-time and three part-time employees, representing a fair balance in terms of gender and age. A new unit manager was recruited in 2010 to start on 1 January 2011.

Activities in 2010In 2010, a considerable portion of human resources capacity was used for competence development, planning and operatio-nal development. 2010 was a year of considerable investment for the future. The Innovation Office planned common information and inspiration activities with the UBE, KIAB and KISP ahead of 2011. The following activities were undertaken in 2010:• JointinformationmeetingswithresearchgroupsatKIand

staff from KIAB.• Coordinationmeetingswithrepresentativesofinnovation

offices and similar around the region.• Companymeetingsandhandlingrequestsfromresearchers

about possible collaborations with companies or commercia-lisation opportunities.

• Activeparticipationinacollaborationprojectforsmalland

COllABORATIOn

The Innovation OfficeIn 2009, the Swedish Parliament passed a resolution to establish eight innovation offices in Sweden in line with Research Bill 2008/09:50. KI was allocated SEK 10 million for the budget years 2009 and 2010 for the installation of an innovation office. KI matched this investment over the same period. The Innova-tion Office opened in its present form on 1 November 2010, its activities having previously fallen to the Unit for Collaboration with Business and Industry, operating with the Unit for Bioen-trepreneurship (UBE) and Karolinska Institutet Innovations AB (KIAB), in 2009 and part of 2010.

The overarching goal of the Innovation Office is to facilitate innovation development and help strengthen the relationship between research and market. This is achieved by:• raisingawarenessofcollaborationopportunitiesand

commercialisation through information and education• helpingideastofindsuitableprocessesthroughinitial

assessment, advice and guidance• supportingscientistsseekingcommercialpartners• supportingscientistsseekinggrantswithcommercialpartners

• helpingcompaniestofindsuitableacademicpartners• registeringandhandlingpatentableinventionsintheevent

of changes in legislation on mandatory reporting at universities.

A competence development programme was held in 2010 to ensure a broader spectrum of requests as per the new require-ments applying to innovation offices. A clearer delegation of responsibilities between various organisational units at KI was worked out. Product-related ideas are commercialised (or con-verted into companies) through KIAB.

Coordination and knowledge exchanges with innovation offices and similar bodies at other universities in the region and with similar activities within SCC were effected during the year. The primary target groups were researchers, prospective researchers and students, clinics and commercial actors seeking collaboration with academia. A vision is for these groups to acquire adequate knowledge of the opportunities, rules and risks of commercialisation and collaboration with the private sector. See diagram below:


COllABORATIOn

medium-sized enterprises in the Stockholm region (so called Kunskapslotsen). Participating alongside KI were the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm University, Södertörn University, the University College of Arts, Crafts and Design, and Stockholms Akademiska Forum.

• Participationinforumsandevents,includingtheVentureCup (business idea competition) and the KI Inspiration Day (career information for students).

The Innovation Office conducted status analyses during the year within three areas to obtain a strategic data-set and platform for assessing and following up its operational development. These were as follows:• Anattitudeandknowledgesurveyofinnovationsatfivepilot

institutions (conducted with the UBE).• Macroandmicrostatisticsonvolumesandtrendsinthe

pharmaceutical industry and research financing at KI.• Aninvestigationoflocal,regionalandnationalfinanciersand

organisations with other forms of innovation support.

Work was carried out during the year to develop key ratios and indicators. As of 2011, data will be available for the quantified reporting of information activities, collaboration projects, etc.

New investments for operational development at the Innovation OfficeIt is essential that the processes of finding information, both digital and printed, and arranging meetings, through set visiting hours and group telephone numbers, are straightforward and user-friendly. Investments were made during 2010 in:• anewwebsitewitheasyandefficientself-helpandnaviga-

tion facilities to key players,• informationmaterialdescribingtheInnovationOffice’sservices,• makingtheInnovationOfficeeasiertofindandcreating

more purposive spaces for advice and meetings,• back-officetools,suchassubscriptionstoinformationdata-

bases for efficient market orientation,• competencedevelopmentandreinforcement,• activitiesfortargetgroups,includingeventsforstudentsand

researchers.

The Innovation Office’s costs for 2010 amounted to SEK 10.1 million, of which salary costs were SEK 5.3 million and service delivery (from e.g. UBE and KIAB) costs were SEK 3.4 million.

Entrepreneurship trainingThe Unit for Bioentrepreneurship (UBE) is an academic unit at KI for education and research in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship. The UBE holds courses and programmes, and educates students and researchers by raising awareness and by offering practical tools and networking opportunities. The UBE develops and runs a two-year Master’s programme, Bachelor’s and Doctoral degree projects and courses with a focus on both pro-duct and service-based enterprise. In 2010, the UBE also offered services in collaboration with the Innovation Office (see above).

Karolinska Institutet Holding AB

OperationsKarolinska Institutet Holding AB (KIHAB) manages shares and participations in project and service companies, the purpose of which is to put knowledge and research results to good use by commercially exploiting the projects or knowledge produced by or originating within the framework of operations at Karolin-ska Institutet. KIHAB has eight wholly owned subsidiaries, five of which are active, two are dormant and one is being wound down. The active companies are Karolinska Institutet Innova-tions AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park AB, Karolinska Institutet University Press AB, Karolinska Institutet Health Management AB and University Accommodation Centre AB. KIHAB is also the majority shareholder of public investment company Karolinska Development AB.

On 18 February 2009 the Karolinska Institutet University Board decided on an owner directive (revised 1 June 2009) for Karolinska Institutet Holding AB and its wholly owned subsidiaries. The directive is based on the Government’s ownership policy, the Swedish Code of Corporate Governance, the Government’s guidelines for the terms and conditions of employment for senior executives of state-owned companies, and guidelines for external reporting by state-owned companies. A written report was submitted to the KI University Board at the end of June 2010.

Pursuant to the owner directive, KIHAB is to build value for Karolinska Institutet by• establishingsubsidiariesneededinKarolinskaInstitutet’s

relations with the wider community,• offeringpart-ownershipinnewpromisingcompaniesesta-

blished by Karolinska Institutet’s researchers or students,• supportingsubsidiariesandassociatedcompaniesbyprovi-

ding services in company administration,• managingitssecurityholdings.

The KIHAB group’s liquid assets amounted to SEK 43 million in 2010 (SEK 60 million in 2009 – the main reason for the decrease being the transfer of KI Education AB to KI). Aside from its subsidiaries, KIHAB has holdings in 31 (37) companies. Equi-ties in associated companies amounted at year-end to SEK 123 million (SEK 106 million).

An amendment to the 2009 public service agreement made on 12 November 2009 enables universities to carry out innova-tion activities, with the instruction that funds may be disbursed to holding companies once an analysis has been conducted in accordance with the Market Economy Investment Principle. After the necessary inquiry, KI intends to transfer the SEK 9 million provided by the Government for holding company activities (as per Research Bill 2008/09:50 and the 2009 Govern-ment decision) in early 2011.


COllABORATIOn

KIHAB group companies in the innovation systemKarolinska Institutet Innovations ABKarolinska Institutet Innovations AB (KIAB) offers professional evaluations of research discoveries as regards patentability and commercial potential to KI’s researchers and others engaged in similar activities. Researchers with high-potential projects are offered services for completing the commercialisation process (licensing or company formation) for a share in future revenue. Collaboration with KIAB is free for the researchers, and the future profits that KIAB generates are re-invested in the deve-lopment of coming innovations.

A total of 1,210 projects have been evaluated since KIAB was formed in 1996. Its collaboration with Biocelex Oy in Åbo (Finland) has generated an influx of 14 interesting projects/companies. Through its collaboration with KDAB, KIAB also evaluated four projects from Birkeland (Inven2, Norway). KIAB collaborates with its counterparts at Umeå, Uppsala, Lund and Gothenburg universities and the Royal Institute of Technology, and with Stockholm Innovation & Growth (STING). Projects also came in from Stockholm University, one of which is now active under KIAB. Joint information meetings with research groups at KI, advisory services, outreach activities and other forms of knowledge transfer were carried out during the year with the Innovation Office.

Karolinska Institutet Science Park ABKarolinska Institutet Science Park AB (KISP) supports the de-velopment of companies and the commercialisation of research and innovations by:• offeringmodern,interactivelaboratoriesandoffices,• offeringacreativeenvironmentandinfrastructureaswellas

advanced equipment and service, installations and facility management,

• encouragingthetransferofknowledgeandtechnology between academia, business and the community,

• offeringanattractivemeetingplaceforlife-sciencecompanies.

KISP appeals to growing and established innovative life-science companies as well as service companies (Swedish and foreign) with links to or an interest in KI’s research, research environ-ments or innovation systems. KISP collaborates with SCC and the Huddinge and Botkyrka municipalities on commercial development in Flemingsberg. KISP also operates three units in Solna to facilitate the growth of start-up companies. The num-ber of companies in the park increased from 53 to 56 in 2010, 14 of which are based in Flemingsberg. KISP also provides an important forum for meetings and valuable knowledge-transfer seminars for these companies and for the various units of KI’s innovation system.

Karolinska Development ABKarolinska Development AB (KD) manages an active portfolio of some 40 companies. Most of KD’s companies are based on promising research projects from Swedish and other Nordic

universities that have been refined and commercially developed via Karolinska Institutet Innovations AB (KIAB). KD occupies a unique position in the innovation system in that the company has all the resources and expertise needed for taking seed companies all the way to marketable product. Amongst the companies owned by KD is Actar, a screening company. At year-end, the KD group had an equities portfolio valued at SEK 1.4 billion and an additional SEK 0.3 billion in liquid funds. With 12 per cent of the share capital and 35 per cent of the voting rights (after restric-tions on voting rights), KIHAB is KD’s single largest shareholder.

Other KIHAB companies

Karolinska Institutet University Press ABActivities during the year were focused on the KI jubilee, for which a dozen or so books were published. Consequently, the number of commercial titles was relatively small, and comprised two new books and a revision of one previous publication. Ka-rolinska Institutet University Press AB participated in numerous fairs during the year, and direct sales to visitors accounted for a greater proportion of total sales, which amounted to a record SEK 3.0 million in 2010.

Karolinska Institutet Health Management ABKI Health Management AB (KI Health) was launched in Sep-tember 2008 to conduct business activities based on KI’s know-ledge and expertise of health promotion and disease prevention. In 2010, KI Health’s primary focus was on – and will remain on the coming years – the following services:• Chartingthehealthandpsychosocialenvironmentsofcom-

panies and organisations using the AHA method (amongst others), which is a verified method developed by KI.

• Strategydevelopmentandfollow-ups.KIHealthsupportscompany and organisational management by assisting with the development of sustainable health strategies using sur-veys and analyses and in association with e.g. the Depart-ment of Public Health Sciences’ Occupational and Environ-mental Health division.

University Accommodation Center ABUniversity Accommodation Center AB (UAC) sub-lets flats to visiting overseas researchers and students in Stockholm working or studying at Karolinska Institutet, the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm University and the Stockholm School of Economics. In 2010, clients bought services to a value of SEK 3,580,000.

In 2010, the company had 314 units at its disposal, 183 of which comprised accommodation for researchers and 131 for students. The turnover for the year is in line with budget. The occupancy rate remained unchanged from previous years at approximately 90 per cent, which by category of occupant constituted 94 per cent (94) researchers and 86 (86) per cent students. The number of visiting researchers and exchange stu-dents was approximately 300 and 450 respectively, representing 29 countries.


General quality assurance

The Quality Committee, whose members consist of representa-tives of the KI management, the three faculty boards, the heads of departments, administrative managers and the student body, has responsibility for the overall coordination of KI’s quality assurance management and a mandate to encourage and sup-port quality assessment and initiate and coordinate evaluations. As of 2010, the committee is led by the Vice-President, who has special responsibility for quality assurance.

The committee is supported in its work by KI’s plan for quality assurance. Responsibility for the quality of operations lies with the three faculty boards and the heads of department. The preparations made ahead of the external audit governed the general quality work for the year.

Auditing quality assurance at KIIn 2010, KI decided on an external audit of its quality assurance. The audit is conducted along the lines of the model applied by the National Agency for Higher Education, which includes self- evaluation, a site inspection and an evaluation in accordance with the standards and guidelines issued by the European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education. Departments and faculty boards conducted internal evaluations in the spring of 2010.

A group of external assessors was appointed by KI’s President in June, comprising representatives of other higher education institutions and the City of Stockholm. An overarching descrip-tion and evaluation of KI’s quality assurance, based in part on the self-evaluations made, was prepared in the autumn of 2010 as a source document for the external assessors. The self-evaluations were delayed, however, and the site inspection was rescheduled for February 2011, with the report due in the following spring.

Management modelThe management model introduced by KI was developed during the year, the aim being to have it fully developed and implemented in 2012. KI’s management model comprises an operational plan, budget, resource allocation, internal control, quality assurance and annual report. Risk analyses are carried out within the framework of internal control on the basis of KI’s strategic goals. The integrated operational plans highlighted KI’s systematic quality assurance and many of the quality reinforcement measures taken at departmental level.

A quality indicator-based model was developed in 2010 to enable the follow-up of goal achievement as per Strategy 2012. Each of the faculty boards coordinated their efforts to create target values during the year, and a decision by KI’s President is due in the first half of 2011.

To improve the systematic compilation of information and link different databases, KI launched a process for introducing a management and information system called the Operational Information System (VIS), the long-term objective of which is to develop a user-friendly tool to support the follow-up, analysis and management of activities.

Department visitsBy way of following up the university’s quality assurance, KI’s admi-nistrative management (University Director, Director of Finance, Human Resources Director, etc.) and the faculty boards carry out yearly visits to the departments. KI’s administrative management reports direct to the President and the relevant sections of the

Quality assurance procedures

QUAlITy ASSURAnCE PROCEDURES

THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACTn The operations of higher education institutions (HEIs)

shall be arranged to ensure that high standards are attained in courses and study programmes as well as in research, and artistic research and development.

n The resources available shall be used effectively to sustain a high standard of operation.

n Quality assurance procedures are the shared concern of staff and students at higher education institutions.

STRATEGy 2012n Conduct medical research of high quality in an inter-

national perspective.n Apply quality assurance in education and promote

learning.n Reinforce on-site training by establishing several new

clinical adjunct and joint employment positions, and by increasing the academic and educational expertise of clinical supervisors.

PlAN fOR qUAlITy ASSURANCEn Quality maintenance and improvement work shall

contribute to the fulfilment of the goals set forth in internal strategy and quality documents, and of the requirements imposed by the Higher Education Act, the Higher Education Ordinance and external audits.

KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2010 49 Photo: Camilla Svensk


In the 2010 student barometer survey, students gave their views

on teaching methods, student influence, course content and

study environments


university administration, and reports back to the departments themselves.

The Board of Higher Education and the Board of Doctoral Education carried out an inspection of the departments in 2010. General issues discussed included organisation and responsibili-ties, operational planning and budgets, documentation and rule application as well as operational development and follow-ups.

Research-based educationTo strengthen the relationship between education and research, the Board of Research allocated funds to teachers for linking research to education. Teachers whose main responsibility is teaching are thus given the financial backing and time to con-duct their own research. Their opportunities to compete for research resources are, however, limited in terms of both exter-nal funds and Government research funding, especially now that greater consideration is paid to the initiative on the allocation of internal resources.

new guidelines for docentshipsIn 2010 KI drew up guidelines for docentships. In that the em-phasis on the academic activities of the individual employee is on research, clinical development or teaching, three main tracks were created for how a teacher may qualify for a docentship: teaching, research or clinical research and development. App-licants decide for themselves the track by which their applica-tion is to be assessed. Merits are judged on a three-point scale. The lecture-based teaching test was abolished and replaced by a docent lecture after the awarding of a docentship. These new guidelines are expected to come into effect in 2011.

Follow-up of student surveys

The Student BarometerKI’s Student Barometer survey was conducted for the third time in 2010. The survey provides KI with the data it needs to continue the quality development of its study programmes. The target group comprised students who entered one of KI’s begin-ners’ programmes by the autumn of 2009 at the latest. A total of 4,207 students were invited by email to take part in the online survey. The response ratio was 44 per cent, which was slightly higher than for the previous survey.

The main areas surveyed were teaching methods, student influence, student health, study guidance, examination, course content, study environments, libraries, teachers and supervisors.

The results showed that students were more satisfied with their education at KI in 2010 than they were at the time of the previous Student Barometer in 2004. They were, however, less inclined to recommend KI as a university. The results of the survey were analysed in the autumn at programme level and plans of action were drawn up and agreed upon in consultation with the students.

Exit PollFor the past few years, KI has distributed an Exit Poll to all graduating Doctoral students ahead of their defence or licentiate exam, surveying the students’ opinions of their studies and any improvements that need to be made.

The results showed that a majority (88 per cent) of students were wholly or partly satisfied with their education and that as many would wholly or partly recommend their supervisor to future students. However, only half of respondents felt that they had been given a good introduction to Doctoral education at KI. The previous Exit Poll returned similar results, which led to the introduction of an obligatory induction course for all new Doctoral students in the autumn of 2009. It is hoped that the proportion of students who are pleased with their introduction to Doctoral education will increase in two years or so when the students now commencing their studies start to graduate.

Alumni surveyThe first coordinated alumni survey at KI was conducted in the spring of 2010 for all students who graduated with a degree (Bachelor’s, Master’s, Licentiate or PhD) from KI during the 2006/2007 academic year. The survey was conducted by Statistics Sweden in connection with its biennial “Entrance to the Labour Market” survey. KI will continue to conduct alumni surveys every other year in order to obtain the data needed to develop the quality of its courses and study programmes to ensure that KI graduates are well equipped for a future labour market. The results for Bachelor’s and Master’s graduates are still being analysed at the time of writing this annual report.

The results for Doctoral graduates showed that almost all respondents were fairly or very pleased with their current em-ployment (97 per cent). Two thirds (66 per cent) felt that a Doc-toral degree was a sufficient level of education for their current employment. Twenty-one per cent of respondents worked in the private sector, which is somewhat higher than the national av-erage (14 per cent). KI decided to add two extra question areas to the survey on the content of present employment and on managership. Of the respondents with a Doctoral degree, 65 per cent said that research was part of their work. Twenty-two per cent of Doctoral graduates had attained a managerial position three years after graduation, the majority having responsibility for fewer than ten employees.

Quality assurance and development: Bachelor’s and Master’s education

KI’s strategy plan for the quality assessment of Bachelor’s and Master’s education for 2008–2012 requires its study program-mes to draw up a long-term plan for quality development, to



conduct a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis of the conditions under which they operate and of their form and structure, and to write a self-evaluation of the results in terms of their goals. Almost all programmes drew up a long-term plan for quality development in 2009, and the pro-gramme directors were offered a seminar during the 2009/2010 academic year on SWOT analyses. The programme directors analysed their programmes as required during the year, and three of the programmes wrote a self-evaluation.

The strategy plan for quality assessment also requires evaluations of how well examinations correspond with the intended learning outcomes of the courses. The departments work continually with developing the content and form of their examinations ahead of this evaluation, and in 2010 a number of departments concentrated particularly on developing examina-tions consistent with their courses’ intended learning outcomes in accordance with the “constructive alignment” principle.

Quality assurance of degree projectsIn 2010, KI drew up and set new guidelines for assessing degree projects. The guidelines relate to the general goals laid out in the Degree Ordinance and will come into effect in the 2011 spring term. The idea is that they will form a platform on which to develop assessment criteria at programme level.

Guidelines for the ethical review of Bachelor’s and Master’s projects were also established. Since students at KI often con-duct degree projects that include human studies, this issue is particularly relevant to the university.

Quality assurance of study programmes and the programme prospectus

Continued development of the nursing programmeThe Swedish National Agency for Higher Education decided at the start of 2010 to return to KI its powers to award nursing degrees, which meant that the university could resume student admissions onto the study programme in nursing for that autumn term. In 2010, development activities were focused on planning the new courses, especially in terms of work and examination methods, with particular attention being paid to linking education and research and progression. KI decided that this development work will be followed up – a process that will make use of the experiences of students and faculty alike – early in 2011.

validation of the specialist nursing programmesIn order to identify the need for skilled specialist nurses and to clarify KI’s ability to conduct specialist nursing education, KI validated all nine specialist nursing programmes during the year. KI judges that the general need for skilled specialist nurses will increase, and decided on the basis of the validations to reduce the number of variants (i.e. study pace and methods) and courses so that larger groups can be admitted to each course.

This will make it easier for KI to offer high quality education more cost-effectively. A decision was also taken to hold courses in the care of the elderly, which have a relatively low applicants-per-place ratio, in association with Uppsala University. Finally a new specialist programme in internal medical and surgical care is being planned.

Evaluation of the study programme in medicineIn the interests of quality assurance, the new study programme in medicine was evaluated in 2010 by an international panel of experts. The panel judged the structure and content of the programme to be of a high international standard, but identified a number of areas of improvement, including the overarching goals of the programme (which could be made clearer) and the links between goals, implementation and expected results (which could be made stronger). The panel also felt that the programme’s sub-organisation – such as the roles of the theme managers – required better definition. A number of measures were subsequently taken; for example, the goal descriptions of all courses were clarified and work started on constructing matrices linking goals, teaching methods and examination – a process which is necessary for the development of “constructive alignment”. The programme’s examinations were detailed and revised, its sub-organisation was reorganised, and its IT sup-port was strengthened for curricula mapping, e-portfolios and simulated patients.

Quality assurance of the study programme in biomedical laboratory science (with physiology)In its 2006 evaluation, the Swedish National Agency for Higher Education questioned KI’s entitlement to award degrees in biomedical laboratory science, having judged the physiology component to be inadequate as regards meeting the degree’s general competence requirements. The agency subsequently investigated the study programme and in 2010 gave Sweden’s universities the go-ahead to offer this specialisation in physio-logy for the biomedical laboratory science degree. After having judged its ability to provide education of sufficient quality on the basis of its quality assurance guidelines for new study pro-grammes (which include details of the scope, content, financing, research links, teacher competence and student demand), KI decided to resume the physiology specialisation for the 2011 autumn term. The number of places on the physiology com-ponent was increased from the previous round of admissions in order to give a better financial base for the provision of high quality education.

KI’s future prospectusA SWOT analysis of the current range of courses on offer was carried out during the year to supply material upon which KI’s future prospectus can be reviewed. The analysis showed that KI has a generally high degree of teacher competence, which is, however, not fully exploited, and offers education that produces



highly employable graduates. However, KI has a wide-ranging prospectus and the teaching competence is uneven. Some study programmes are relatively small, and in being dependent on only a few teachers they are more vulnerable than others. KI intends to work systematically on its prospectus to ensure that it meets student demand and labour market needs, and that it maintains a high level of quality. The committee appointed for this comprises members from each of the three faculty boards in order to secure ties between education and research.

Other steps taken to raise the quality of Bachelor’s and Master’s education

Teachers’ Academy A Teachers’ Academy was established at KI during the year in order to strengthen and detail career paths for SCC employees (and similar) involved in KI’s study programmes, and to develop and support teachers and supervisors. The focus of the academy is on strengthening the academic and educational development of the clinical placement components of KI’s study programmes.

Pedagogical AcademyThe purpose of the Pedagogical Academy set up by the Board of Higher Education is to draw attention to and reward the quality, ambition and pedagogical awareness of teachers. Teachers who have made untiring efforts to promote quality of education and who meet KI’s criteria for teaching excellence can become members. Member teachers are then expected to contribute to continuing pedagogical development at KI. The first members will be selected in 2011 following a review of pedagogical merits conducted by an outside panel of experts.

Direct settlementAs part of its efforts to strengthen its internal financial control, KI modified its resource allocation model in 2010 so that its resources more closely match course performance (in terms of FTE students) than previously. This is to ensure that KI has its global finances in balance and that resources are allocated with optimal effect throughout the organisation.

Quality assurance and development: Doctoral education

Development of recruitment and selection procedures KI seeks to increase the number of Doctoral places advertised. A decision was taken that supervisors in receipt of KID funds (faculty funds for the part-financing of new Doctoral students) for Doctoral projects are to recruit the Doctoral student via pu-blic announcement. Common guidelines for admission to clini-

cal research schools at KI were drawn up, and include eligibility requirements as well as a description of the assessment process and the assessment criteria that apply to applications.

Project funds for pedagogical development KI announced project funds in 2010 for encouraging innova-tiveness and creativity in Doctoral education. Funds were available for the development of teaching methods or forms of examination and other such projects. Three projects were awar-ded funding in 2010 for the development of web-based courses in scientific writing, basic statistics and biostatistics.

Career developmentKI’s Careers Service arranges regular career development activities for Doctoral students. Three career developers work with planning, developing and implementing activities on a broad front for all Doctoral students. These include hearings on applying for postdoc and research financing, courses in career planning, seminars on applying for non-academic jobs, communication techniques and entrepreneurship. In addition to this, an annual careers day is held comprising seminars on academic and non-academic careers for Doctoral students and researchers, at which participants have the opportunity to meet representa-tives of different organisations, public authorities and companies. In 2010 the Career Service arranged a credit-bearing Doctoral course on academic careers and research financing. Some 1,500 Doctoral students, postdocs and researchers take part in these activities every year. The largest target group comprises Doc- toral students, who constitute approximately 45 per cent of visitors.

Training for Doctoral supervisorsKI’s rules for education at Doctoral level provide that the principal supervisors are to have undergone supervisor training or must possess the equivalent competence. The supervisor training programme at KI is designed to define the supervisor’s role, and includes KI’s organisation and rules, communication, ethics and issues of non-discrimination and equality. To meet the growing demand, the number of places and courses was increased. Seven courses were held during the year with 35–40 participants each. A total of 253 prospective and current super-visors underwent training.

The online supervisor course is primarily for those who have already supervised at least one Doctoral student through to completion with a PhD in Sweden. At year-end, a total of 668 people had passed this course.

A continuation course for Doctoral supervisors was held for the first time during the year with a focus on pedagogical approaches. The course develops competence in supervising learning at Doctoral level for both individuals and groups, and includes educational and learning theories and research, and how they can be applied to Doctoral education. Twenty-four participants were admitted to the course.



KI’s roadmap for research

Following a planning and grant notification phase in the 2009 financial year, KI’s roadmap for research has now reached im-plementation. The investments are made jointly by KI and SCC, and will create opportunities for strengthening clinical and basic research in five areas. An estimated total of SEK 200 million will be invested in roadmap initiatives.

Thematic research centresEight multidisciplinary, translational thematic centres were established to bring together successful groups active in the biomedical field. A total of SEK 47 million was distributed to eight thematic research centres in the fields of cancer (three centres), regenerative medicine, diabetes, infection medicine, cardiovascular diseases and inflammation diseases. Supplying the most outstanding researchers/groups with extra resources makes it easier for them to compete in scientific excellence and for the major external grants, which benefits the university as a whole. The scheme will be evaluated in 2012 once it has been operational for three years.

Identification and recruitment of new researchersThe objective is to actively enrich the diversity and competi-tiveness of the researcher body by identifying and recruiting researchers in important fields who are also leading represen-tatives of their subjects. This is done by establishing strategic professorships in receipt of central grants for, normally, a five-year period. Nominations for professorships are requested from KI’s heads of department. During the year it was decided to advertise a strategic professorship in chemical biology, and preparations were made for a professorship in clinical medical research, which was made possible by a donation from the Torsten and Ragnar Söderberg Foundation.

Resource support for distinguished professors Resource support for distinguished professors (known as the Distinguished Professors Award – DPA) was awarded at the end of 2009 to 35 professors, each of whom received SEK 4.5 million for a five-year period. In April, however, the KI University Board decided that the funds earmarked for the scheme were to be restored for a new allocation decision, which meant that the amount paid to the recipients was reduced to SEK 3.5 million. At the same time, SEK 35 million was reserved for a new expert review of the applications that did not receive an award in the initial process. The board decided at the end of the year to share this sum between an additional ten professors.

Strengthening core facilities and infrastructureStrengthening core facilities and infrastructure makes advanced technical platforms accessible to all researchers. The area is developed jointly by KI and SCC as regards, for example, how

the core facilities that receive financial support are to file their reports.

KI is also the principal body for two major national infra-structure investments that began during the year: the Bioban-king and Molecular Resource Infrastructure of Sweden and the Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden (CBCS). The total grant for these initiatives amounted to SEK 148 million and SEK 55 million respectively.

Another important initiative is the Science for Life Laboratory, a joint project between KI, the Royal Institute of Technology and Uppsala and Stockholm universities in the field of molecular bioscience that forms a technical platform for large-scale biome-dical analysis methods. The Government funding for SciLifeLab will gradually increase to just over SEK 145 million by 2012.

Support for junior researchersKI runs a programme for the regular advertisement of funds for two-year senior researcher posts at the level directly above postdoctoral research fellow. The programme includes 15 posts, each of which is financed with a budget of SEK 500,000. A sur-vey evaluation of the people who received funds in the 2007 and 2008 financial years was made, and the follow-up shows that the group have developed considerably in their research. All have applied for and received external research financing in open competition, 79 per cent from the Swedish Research Council. Ninety per cent supervise Doctoral students, 80 per cent have their own research group, and 70 per cent have taken on postdocs.

In another programme, funds were announced for five two-year postdoc posts, each of which is to be financed with a budget of SEK 450,000 per year. Another investment at mid-level was decided for five wholly financed four-year posts as postdoctoral research fellow with support amounting to SEK 750,000 per post and year.

Within the framework of the KI/SCC partnership there is also a programme for the regular announcement of funds for ten clinical postdocs and five clinical researcher posts.

Quality development and evaluation: research

Evaluation of KI’s researchKI has decided to conduct an external evaluation of research quality. An evaluation organisation was set up during the year and IT support procured. The results of the evaluation are due in the summer of 2011, when they will provide a source docu-ment for strategic discussions at KI. The evaluation process can be followed at a dedicated website.

Review of research documentationThe high quality documentation of the research process and results achieved is essential for being able to trace and repeat



experiments; it is also a statutory requirement and is necessary for patent applications. Proper documentation requires clear guidelines, training, electronic support for greater traceability, and improved IT security, and a project is underway to achieve these objectives with a focus on education/information and the introduction of electronic laboratory notebooks (ELNs). The course is primarily aimed at Doctoral students and supervisors, and a handbook has been written. Responsibility for the further dissemination of the documents within the departments (inclu-ding follow-ups) rests with the heads of department.

Quality requirements for new teaching staff New employment regulations were drawn up during the year to come into effect on 1 January 2011. This was done against the backdrop of the Government bill entitled “Academia for this day and age – greater freedom for universities and other higher edu-cation institutions”, which presents proposals for the extensive deregulation in the HEA and HEO of higher education teaching positions. Accordingly, the qualification portfolios are also now subject to review.

Quality-based model for the allocation of resources

The Government funding is largely distributed in accordance with the degree of research activity, which, as of 2010, includes a bibliometric component. The model underpins the importance of rewarding research activity and quality.

Organisation of laboratory animal activitiesAll strategic issues for KI and SCC in this area were brought together on 1 January 2010 under a new academic manage-ment structure. The new Laboratory Animals Board comprises representatives of both organisations, and has been delegated considerable powers and freedoms as regards the development and coordination of laboratory animal activities. Operational activities at KI are brought together under an internal organisa-tional unit led by an operations manager.

The President has decided on an upgrade of the animal house infrastructure, which will entail considerable investment in the coming years.

Initiatives to improve teaching proficiency and learning skillsThere are several pedagogical support functions at Karolinska Institutet specially designed to develop the pedagogical com-petence of its teachers and supervisors, and to encourage them to undertake pedagogical research and development projects. In order to improve their coordination and management, the Board of Higher Education appointed a Pedagogical Committee in 2010, to which it assigned the prioritisation and distribution of resources to these activities.

Courses in academic practiceAn important aspect of the work of these support functions is the courses they arrange in academic practice.

KI offered 11 courses in academic practice in 2010, all of which were open to employees of both KI and SCC. The most popular courses are in academic practice for work-based educa-tion teachers and supervisors and in basic university teaching. Other courses include an international leadership course entitled “Leading for Change in Health Professional Education”, which was arranged by KI in association with the British Medi-cal Journal, and which attracted 31 participants from around the world. The course focused on pedagogical change processes, and was offered for people in leadership positions in the field of health education.

“IT in Education” was another course held during the year, at which teachers were given opportunities to think about when, where and how computer-based educational tools promote lear-ning, especially as regards methods of student activation.

The table below provides the number of teachers employed at KI and elsewhere (mainly SCC) who underwent professional training in academic practice in 2010. The total number of course participants was 459, but since some teachers took more than one course, the actual number of teachers/individuals is somewhat lower (416). As can be seen from the table, there was a slight decline from 2009 for reasons not yet ascertained.

Conferences, seminars, workshops and networksOther forms of educational development were offered, including competence development for SCC clinical managers and KI’s heads of department to coordinate approaches for managing and developing clinical education. Workshops were held on such themes as interprofessional education, the integration of theory and practice, and application support for pedagogical project funds. Twenty-three lunch seminars – “pedagogical forums” – were arranged at four Stockholm hospitals by KI and SCC in 2010 for students, teacher and healthcare workers. At these seminars, authors, actors and other professionals addres-sed the educative perspective on learning from different angles. Some departments organised teachers’ days and series of semi-nars at which issues related to education theory and practice were discussed.

A mentor programme for teachers was launched during the year. Many of KI’s teachers are also involved in networks with other HEIs in order to develop and improve KI’s courses and programmes; one such network is the Stockholm-Uppsala University Network (SUUN), which arranged a conference during the year on the theme “Dialogue for Learning”.

The year’s education congress was on the theme of “The student of tomorrow: stakeholder or participant?” and was directed at people involved in education at KI and, for the first time, at participants from other HEIs in Sweden. A total of 360 participants took part in the congress, which the subsequent evaluation showed was popularly received. KI also arranges an annual teachers’ day. The theme for 2010 was “Who are the



Teachers on academic practice courses, 2008–2010*

2008 2009 2010

Medicine F M To F M To F M To

Professor 0 2 2 0 1 1 0 1 1

Senior lecturer 11 7 18 11 5 16 7 3 10

Lecturer 50 5 55 45 6 51 33 6 39

Postdoc. research fellow 18 11 29 10 13 23 14 14 28

Other researcher/teacher 126 96 222 53 28 81 46 27 73

Doctoral students 4 3 7 8 5 13 5 0 5

Total, KI employees 209 124 333 127 58 185 105 51 156

Total, non-KI employees 207 29 236 209 74 283 184 76 260

Total 416 153 569 336 132 468 289 127 416

*Data collected from the departments running academic practice courses. Since the data for 2007 was collected differently and is therefore not fully comparable with that for 2008-2010, the table only provides figures for the past three years.

students and patients of the future?”, the aim being to highlight the importance of preparing today’s students for the challenges of tomorrow. A total of 260 teachers, supervisors and admini-strators took part.

Teacher competence surveysDuring the year, several of KI’s departments conducted sur-

veys of their teachers’ scientific competence, pedagogical cour-ses attended, educational responsibilities held and wishes for further professional development. Other departments plan to do the same in 2011. Using the data returned by these surveys, the departments produced staffing plans that include individual competence development plans, and teachers judged to be in need of improving their academic practice skills were offered supplementary competence development during working hours.

Project funds and prizesEvery year, KI allocates project funds to stimulate creativity and enterprise in the development of educational applications. Everyone involved in KI’s programmes may apply for these funds. Seven projects were granted just under SEK 1 million in 2010. In addition, KI and SCC announce medical training and research agreement project funds for research and development projects in teaching and training in higher education. These funds are to be used to achieve educational development and quality improvements in the regular healthcare science pro-grammes that KI and other HEIs in the Stockholm region run within SCC’s healthcare organisation. In 2010, SEK 5 million was granted to eight projects.

KI also awards an annual teaching prize to individual teachers, teaching teams or administrative personnel who have made significant contributions to educational development or renewal on KI’s Bachelor’s and Master’s study program-mes. In 2010 the prize went to Professor Anna Josephson for her long-standing and full commitment to KI’s pedagogical activities, from her interest in the active role of the teacher to

the running of pedagogical projects and participation in various drafting and steering committees. The clinical learning through organisational and competence development (so called KLOK) prize was instituted in 2009 to reward particularly significant contributions to quality improvements in education made by a healthcare unit in the county. In 2010, the prize was awarded to Department 53 of Northern Stockholm Psychiatry for its clinical teaching department, which was developed in order to strengthen interprofessional education. A KI department also instituted a pedagogical prize for outstanding clinical supervi-sors in order to encourage teachers to develop their professional role.

Every other year, KI awards a prize in research into medical education in order to contribute to pedagogical development by stimulating research in the field. In 2010, the prize was shared by Professor Richard K. Reznick of Queen’s University in Kings-ton, Canada, and Professor David M. Irby of the San Francisco School of Medicine, USA, both of whom have paved the way for the successful application of quantitative and qualitative methods in medical education research.

Development of learning environmentsThe affect of space on learning is an urgent and current topic at KI. During the year KI continued its project on future learning environments, which it is running with SCC in order to create prototype learning environments for the future, both formal and informal, in healthcare education. Clinical environments where patient-end activities are undertaken are also included. The idea is to join formal and informal environments. Contex-tual analyses were carried out during the year, on the basis of which a number of pedagogical principles considered essential to the development of future learning environments have been established; these include peer-learning, collaborative learning, interprofessionalism and flexibility. Work will continue in 2011, when the construction of the physical learning environments will commence.



Internal control

Compliance with the Internal Control Ordinance: achievements in 2010Work concerning internal control has been carried out in accor-dance with the “Rules and Regulations for Internal Control at KI” as established by the University Board and the strategy plan for 2010/2011 laid down by KI’s President. Internal control is coordinated by the university administration’s Unit for Plan-ning, Monitoring and Coordination, and was the focus of a collaboration with the Transcendent Group in 2010.

The strategy plan requires a thorough risk analysis every three years, which then undergoes revision in the intervening period. An extensive risk analysis was conducted in 2009 and subsequently revised for 2010; the risk analysis for 2010 and the associated control measures were then approved by the Univer-sity Board. In the overarching risk analysis for KI as a whole for 2010, the KI Management Group, augmented with an IT mana-ger, a planning manager and a safety and security manager, assessed over 30 identified risks. Risk analysis work at KI is based on KI’s mission as stated in the HEA, the HEO and the public service agreement, and in Strategy 2012. The risks assessed were identified through interviews, reports from the previous years’ analyses, and observations recorded by internal and external audits. The highest assessed risks in the 2010 analysis were in the fields of data security, IT, research documentation and recruit-ment. KI’s departments also conducted their own risk analyses in the autumn as part of their operational planning activities.

The previously decided control measures continued. This work was followed up on two occasions during the year (May and September) and again in February 2011, and the results were reported to the University Board.

Work on the internal control modelOne of the highest assessed risks in the 2009 analysis concerned KI’s organisational structure, to which substantial work was devoted in 2009 and 2010.

The President appointed a commission in 2009 to review KI’s organisation. The ensuing report contained proposals for chan-ges, on the basis of which a committee, set up by the University Board and led by the Vice President, submitted a proposal for a new management organisation. The proposal included a new internal board for improved coordination and with greater responsibility over KI’s entire operations, and was circulated for comment and addressed at two open hearings. The opinions thus gleaned supported an adjustment of the management orga-nisation in the interests of better communication, but gave only weak backing to the notion of an internal board. In the autumn

of 2010, the President was requested to submit an alternative proposal for changes, on which the University Board took its decision on 22 December.

The Board decided against an internal board. Instead, the re-quired efficiency will be achieved through the clearer coordina-tion and drafting of strategic issues by KI’s existing Management Group.

Data securityKI is an organisation for which goal achievement is very much dependent on adequate data security. Risks in this area were assessed to be high in the 2010 risk analysis, so the University Board decided that special funds were henceforth to be ear-marked for the IT field. The highest assessed risk in the 2010 analysis concerned how research data is recorded and archived.

Work continued during the year on control measures in the field. A risk-reduction project for research documentation was conducted by the Board of Research, and the group assigned to the task drew up proposals for a strategy for scientific documen-tation and a guidebook for how research at KI is to be recorded. The strategy was approved by the President and the handbook came into use in October. Work on implementation and infor-mation is still underway. Scientists at KI have two electronic tools at their disposal for their research: Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) and Electronic Laboratory Note-book (ELN). LIMS is mainly used for handling structured data on sample providers and samples, while ELN replaces paper-based laboratory notebooks. Work continued on the introduc-tion of ELN in 2010.

A penetration test and pilot studies on data classification were conducted in 2010, and the recording of major incidents commenced. An IT strategy was drawn up, and once it has been accepted by the organisation it will be officially approved. Work continues on clarifying and improving the rules and regulations on data security, and a decision on “Guidelines for data security at KI” was taken in December. A review of operationally critical systems, existing needs and required measures was begun, and a subsequent follow-up showed that the planned measures will take longer to implement than expected, which means that the pace of work must henceforth be stepped up.

The University Board’s statement In light of the approved risk analysis and the work conducted and planned on the agreed control measures, the President proposed to the University Board to let the annual report record that internal control at KI is satisfactory.

InTERnAl COnTROl


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Information security is crucial for Karolinska Institutet’s operations. Johan Hagelin, from IT-support, attempts to solve a problem in one of KI’s server rooms.


Organisation of internationalisation activitiesInternationalisation activities are organised under each faculty board for their respective areas of operation. The Board of Higher Education has appointed a committee for international issues with responsibility for the thematic field of internatio-nalisation. The committee is led by a board member, who also oversees its internationalisation reference group. Each study programme has set up an international committee responsible for its internationalisation, and the chairpersons of these com-mittees also sit on the above mentioned reference group. Inter-national coordinators and international student administrators from the central university administration support the interna-tionalisation efforts of the board and the study programmes.

The Board of Doctoral Education has responsibility for the internationalisation of third-cycle/Doctoral education and the office has an administrator who supports the board, depart-ments and individual researchers in their work in this regard. The board has also appointed a committee (The Karolinska Institutet Research and Training Committee – KIRT) to initiate, drive and develop international collaborations with universities in low- and middle-income countries.

The Board of Research annually appoints a number of scientific coordinators, who actively work with strengthening collaborations within a particular region or with a particular university. In 2010, the Board of Research appointed 11 scienti-fic coordinators with responsibility for the USA, China, Japan, Vietnam, Malaysia, India, Thailand and Canada. Administrators

in the board’s office with special responsibility for international relations and collaboration support the management, depart-ments and individual researchers.

Internationalisation activities are coordinated by the Inter-national Strategy Committee, which comprises representatives of all three faculty boards, administrators for the three areas of operation and members of the university’s Information and Pu-blic Relations Office. Coordination makes it easier to prioritise initiatives and enables broad platforms to be built with interna-tional partners from a wider operational perspective.

Internationalisation of Bachelor’s and Master’s education

The internationalisation of KI’s study programmes was effected in accordance with the decisions contained within the “Strategy plan for the internationalisation of first-cycle/Bachelor’s and second-cycle/Master’s education, 2010–2012”. The overall goals of this plan are for KI’s study programmes to provide students with international experience and skills needed to work effec-tively in multicultural environments and in a global labour market, and for KI to be an attractive university for internatio-nal students. The education provided by KI should also provide students with knowledge and insight regarding international circumstances within their particular professional/academic fields and regarding social diversity in Sweden as well. Interna-tionalisation work is conducted at faculty level and within each study programme.

Goals and activities during the year Goal: To increase the international mobility of teaching staff

Internationalisation

InTERnATIOnAlISATIOn

THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACTn In their operations, higher education institutions (HEIs)

should promote understanding of other countries and of international circumstances.

Outgoing teachers by exchange programme

2007 2008 2009 2010

Erasmus 36 42 32 24

Nordplus 6 12 - 4

Linnaeus-Palme 19 21 20 10

Mobility for teachers and students in higher education* 5

Total 61 75 52 43

81 and 67 per cent, respectively, of outgoing and incoming teachers in 2010 were women.

*Programme launched in 2010.



Incoming teachers by exchange programme

2007 2008 2009 2010

Erasmus 9 13 30 14

Nordplus 4 4 - 1

Linnaeus-Palme 22 20 21 12*

Total 35 37 51 27

81 and 67 per cent, respectively, of outgoing and incoming teachers in 2010 were women.

*Two of these exchanges were made similarly to Linnaeus-Palme exchanges, but were financed internally when LP funding ceased. KI sent five employees abroad and received one person under

the Erasmus staff training programme.

The downward trend in the number of teacher exchanges conti-nued and there remains a certain imbalance between the num-ber of incoming and outgoing teachers. As previously, a possible reason for this is the new syllabus of the study programme in medicine and the withdrawal of the nursing programme’s degree- awarding powers, which meant that a number of terms in this programme were not given in this academic year. KI also received less funding from the Swedish International Development Agency- financed Linnaeus-Palme programme, since the eight-year fi-nancing of some of the projects came to an end. Increased com-petition for advertised funding also led to a decrease in funding, which reduced the numbers of incoming and outgoing teachers. The study programme in speech and language pathology with-drew from the intensive programme that formerly accepted a large number of Erasmus teachers. Other teacher exchanges had to be cancelled due to the disruption caused by the ash cloud. The government’s “Mobility for teachers and students in higher education, 2010–2011” initiative generated five teacher exchanges during the year. The programme enables teachers to go on exchanges to countries where no previous opportunity for external funding was available.

Action taken to increase teacher mobility At central levelA survey designed to identify obstacles to teacher mobility conducted with outgoing teachers at KI was compiled during the year. Preliminary results show that a more positive view of teacher exchanges at management level is desired, that interna-tional experience should be more formally credited, and that supply teachers should be employed for the outgoing teachers. The value of international exchange is included in the qualifi-

cations portfolio that teachers can use to document their qualifi-cations ahead of promotions and the like; however, it will now be given extra weight and taken into consideration in docent-ship promotions as well. As regards the employment of supply teachers, funding for such are included in the Government’s “Mobility for teachers and students in higher education, 2010–2011” programme, and three teachers have so far made use of the opportunity.

At study programme levelThe study programmes seek to increase teacher mobility by arranging different events, such as pedagogical discussions with incoming exchange teachers and international activities with incoming students and teachers. The possibility of taking part in a teacher exchange programme was discussed at teachers’ days, planning days and education meetings. Contact trips to explore opportunities for additional exchanges were also made by seve-ral study programmes.

Goal: To increase the international mobility of studentsThe strategy plan calls for increased student mobility during the period. It is expected that at least 15 per cent of KI’s students study abroad for a minimum period of five weeks during their time at KI, ranging between 10 and 50 per cent depending on the nature and length of their study programme. Ideally, the num-ber of incoming and outgoing students should be roughly equal.

The number of incoming and outgoing students at KI in-creased during the year. Erasmus was again the largest exchange programme for incoming students, while exchanges taking place under bilateral agreements account for the majority of outgoing


number of students on exchange programmes, 2003–2010

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2008 2009

Incoming 273

Outgoing 182

2010

Other 2%

Nursing 12%

Midwifery 2%

Occupational therapy 3%

Podiatry 2%

Biomedicine 5%

Optometry 2%

Public health science 3%

Physiotherapy 6%

Dentistry 11%

Nursing radiography 1%

Medicine 51%

Outgoing exchange students, 2010 (total: 182)

students from KI. Only the study programmes in medicine and dentistry attained the 15 per cent target, with over one third and one quarter of students respectively making use of this oppor-tunity. The previous imbalance between incoming and outgoing students remained in 2010. It should be noted that the discre-pancy in the biomedicine study programme was not as great as appears in table 9 in the Tables Appendix, since about a dozen students collected data for their degree projects at an overseas university. However, they are not included in the table as they will sit their exams at KI. Around one hundred KI students also

take part in courses arranged by KI but held abroad (e.g. Global Health).

Sweden in touchSince the end of 2009, Karolinska Institutet has run an open network within SwedenInTouch, the Swedish Institute’s official platform for international students. In 2010, membership exceeded 200. Twelve members are digital student ambassadors who study on six of KI’s two-year Master’s programmes and who write regular blogs on their studies at KI.



Internationalisation of Doctoral educationStrategy 2012 establishes that third-cycle/Doctoral education is to be strengthened so that it can compete with increasing global competition. This goal is achieved, in part, through internatio-nalisation initiatives, including collaborations and exchange opportunities with overseas universities, and the nurturing of an international research and education environment for Doctoral students at KI. Many of KI’s Doctoral students spend time abroad as part of their projects, while their counterparts from around the world are recruited to KI. In 2010, just over 30 per cent of KI’s Doctoral students held a first degree from a foreign university.

International collaborations in 2010KI participated in formal third-cycle/Doctoral education col-laborations during the year with scientific institutions in a wide range of countries, including Singapore, China, Finland, the USA, Russia, Ukraine, Vietnam, Laos, Ethiopia and Uganda. Some of these collaborations concerned a double degree, whereby the Doctoral students are awarded a degree by both KI and the partner university after having defended their theses.

EU programmes: KI took part in two Erasmus Mundus pro-grammes in collaboration with a large number of European and non-European universities: The Erasmus Mundus External Cooperation Window with India, and the Erasmus Mundus Action 2 ERACOL with Colombia, Costa Rica and Panama. A new Erasmus Mundus Action 2 was granted for collaboration with universities in South Africa, in which Bachelor’s, Master’s and Doctoral students participated in exchanges lasting for various lengths of time or entire programmes. Teachers also took part in the programmes.

A new Erasmus Mundus Action 2 project was granted funds for collaboration with South Africa (EM2SA), and South Afri-can students at all levels are expected to commence their studies at KI in the autumn of 2011.

A number of KI students also took part in collaborations under the Programme for Lifelong Learning/Erasmus with universities in Italy, the Netherlands and Slovenia, as well as elsewhere in Europe.

Finland: Under KI’s collaboration with Helsinki University, Doctoral students are enrolled at both universities and receive a double degree – a degree from each university. A new Doctoral student was accepted in 2010, making a total of eight since the collaboration began in 2006.

Singapore: KI collaborates with two universities and a research institute in Singapore regarding Doctoral education: Nanyang Technological University (NTU), the National University of Singapore (NUS) and the Agency for Science, Technology and

Research (A*STAR). Two new students were enrolled in the NTU partnership in 2010, making a combined total of 16.

USA: KI’s collaboration with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the field of neuroscience comprised a total of 26 Doctoral students in 2010. Four new projects were selected for financing and seven new Doctoral students were enrolled onto the programme, while six others graduated.

The Karolinska International Research and Training Committee The Karolinska International Research and Training Committee (KIRT) was set up under the Board of Doctoral Education to initiate, drive and develop Doctoral education with universities in low- and middle-income countries. In 2010, KIRT had pro-jects underway with universities in Russia, Ukraine, Vietnam, Laos, Ethiopia, Uganda and NeTropica, a network of universities in Central America (postdocs). KIRT programmes are financed by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and the Swedish Institute. Its partnership with Makerere University in Uganda was the largest in terms of numbers, and most of the students on this programme graduate with a double degree. In 2010, a joint steering committee was added to this collaboration, which was also extended with common activities such as leadership training at KI with participants from both universities. KIRT received funding during the year from the Swedish Institute for a new collaborative Doctoral education project with a university in Belarus based on the sandwich model.

KIRT celebrated the KI jubilee year with a workshop entitled “Discover for global good”, a symposium designed to inspire researchers involved in basic and clinical research and public health to focus on poverty-related diseases. An audience of over 300 listened to leading speakers, such as KI’s Hans Rosling from Gapminder, Ajit Varki from the University of California, San Diego and Chris Wilson of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

Visiting Researchers ServicesWork continued in 2010 on facilitating mobility to and from KI. Visiting Researchers Services (VRS) is a support function that since 1999 has had responsibility for developing and coordi-nating the process of dealing with overseas Doctoral students and visiting researchers in collaboration with KI’s departments. In 2010, VRS offered four introduction days for newly arri-ved Doctoral students and visiting researchers, and noted an increase of approximately 30 per cent in participant numbers (from 116 in 2009 to 154 in 2010). The booklet entitled “Useful facts for visiting academics” was made available on the KI web-site and via newsletters, and in the autumn a health declaration card for exchange students, overseas Doctoral students and visi-ting researchers was developed and launched in order to provide medical staff with the necessary contact details and information in the event of serious illness or injury.



International research collabora-tions and agreementsStrategy 2012 states that KI shall conduct medical research of high quality in an international perspective. Researchers at KI collaborate with colleagues around the world, which is essential for the transfer of knowledge and successful scientific inquiry. KI also takes part in knowledge exchanges and capacity deve-lopment at locations that have particular education and research needs, and where geographical conditions are often of particular relevance. Much of KI’s research takes place between individual researchers and research groups without formal arrangements, although such agreements are occasionally needed to strengthen strategically important research fields. KI had some 70 central agreements in 2010, including general declarations of intent and specific agreements on research and/or Doctoral education. In 2010, 15 agreements were signed, some of which were new, while others were revisions of agreements that were already in place. Agreements were entered into primarily with institutions in Asia and North America, where research has been strengthe-ned with five agreements at postdoc level.

International research collaborations, including postdoc agreementsIn 2010, KI expanded its research collaborations at postdoc level through exchange agreements with partners in Asia and North America in order to increase mobility at this level through joint projects and scientific mentors at the recipient partner univer-sity. The goal is to boost research interaction, achieve swifter results and forge strong, stable bonds between the partnering institutions. Such interactions often begin with a small number of researchers and then grow, and if there is sufficient interest, collaboration can be extended to more fields of inquiry.

USA: Two postdoc exchange programmes were launched in 2010, one with the University of Minnesota and one with the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, to which KI will send a postdoctoral researcher on a one- or two-year placement. KI will receive a postdoctoral researcher from each institution for a corresponding period of time.

Three agreements were signed during the year with Rockefel-ler University: one on a postdoc exchange programme whereby a researcher from each university will spend at least one year at the partner institution; one on short-term tenures at the partner university for postdoctoral researchers, Doctoral students, and technical and administrative staff; and one whereby an outstan-ding researcher from each university will hold a lecture at the partner institution. The first lecturers were selected in 2010. All activities taking place under these agreements with Rocke-feller University are financed by an American foundation there. A general Memorandum of Understanding was also signed in 2010 with the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. KI also has collaboration agreements in place with other universities in the USA, including John Hopkins University and UCLA.

China: KI has some 50 agreements with Chinese academic partners, in some cases several with one institution regarding specific activities. During the year, two postdoc programmes were started with Chinese institutions: one exchange program-me with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, in the neuroscience field, whereby researchers spend one to two years at the partner university, and another with Nanjing Medical University whereby postdoctoral researchers spend at least two years at the partner university.

Two delegations from KI visited the country during the year. One, led by the President, was focused on the theme of innova-tions. The delegation took part in the innovation week arranged by the Swedish embassy in Beijing, and in the “Innovation system forum” at the Swedish pavilion at the World Expo 2010 in Shanghai, arranged by VINNOVA and Chinese partners. The other delegation began with an alumni meeting at KI’s office (with Chalmers University of Technology and the Royal Institute of Technology) at the Peking University Health Center. Some 60 Chinese alumni gathered to listen to KI’s presentations of existing interactions with China and of its visions for the future.

Scientific co-publication with China was double that in 2009, reaching over 100 publications. The number of co-publications with China has therefore surpassed that with Japan, formerly the principal partner in Asia in this regard.

Japan: KI entered into an agreement with Tokyo Women’s Medical University in 2010, which was followed by a visit by a delegation from that institution to KI to finalise a specific collaboration agreement.

A delegation from KI led by the President visited Japan during the year to celebrate KI’s second centenary at the Swe-dish embassy in Tokyo. The theme of the visit was neuroscience with a special focus on the brain. During the visit, a scientific symposium was held with researchers from KI and Japan, and a joint activity was arranged with Nature Asia. Discussions were also held on future research collaborations.

There are currently six active agreements with different part-ners in Japan, in some cases several with one partner regarding specific interactions. KI co-published over 80 scientific articles with Japan in 2010, which is unchanged from 2009. KI resear-chers co-publish in the fields of neuroscience, cardiovascular disease, ear cancer, diabetes and stem cells.

South Korea: At the end of 2009, an agreement was entered into with Seoul National University. In 2010, a delegation of resear-chers from KI travelled to the city to promote interaction, the purpose being to hold discussions with existing partners and to visit institutions/universities where KI researchers have research interactions. The visit was arranged in order to assess possibili-ties for greater collaboration, and led to further dialogue be-tween researchers. At least two research applications came about at the end of the year.

Co-publication with South Korea was unchanged from 2009,



with around 20 scientific articles in the fields of rheumatology, epidemiology and stem cells.

India: There are already four agreements in place with India, and in 2010 another was entered into with the Indian Council for Medial Research on financing research interactions. Discus-sions were held during the year in order to further develop collaboration with the country in 2011.

The number of scientific co-publications between KI and India was almost double that in 2009. In 2010 there were over 40 co-publications in several fields, including diabetes, women’s and children’s health, public health and tuberculosis.

South Africa: Research interactions are currently in place with-out central regulating agreements. Co-publications with South Africa remained unchanged at 20, and concerned such topics as public health, tuberculosis, bacteriology and transplantation.

International visits and scientific symposiasIn 2010, KI’s management received around twenty internatio-nal visitors from abroad, including Japan, China, South Korea, India, the USA, Malaysia, Singapore and Uganda.

To mark KI’s 200th jubilee, several symposias were arranged at the university. One was the three-day “Sino-Karolinska

Institutet Medical Symposium” in October with China on neurobiology, genomics, genetics, diabetes, angiogenesis, infections, cancer, stem cells, rheumatology, inflammation and translatio-nal research. Over two hundred people, including the Chinese Minister for Heath, attended the symposium, which resulted in new, more extensive research interactions between China and Karolinska Institutet.

A month later a second symposium was held on “Frontiers in Biomedical Research: Regenerative Medicine” with the Uni-versity of Minnesota and the Mayo Clinic. The aim of this three-day event was to consolidate and increase ongoing research acti-vities and to commence the postdoctoral exchange programmes between KI and the two other institutions. The general theme was regenerative medicine, and the three partners presented their research in the fields of stem cells, hearing, cardiovascular disease, the liver and the pancreas, bones and immunity.

Co-publicationsThe majority of co-publications are authored with researchers in the USA. KI also has a very large number of co-publications with the larger European nations and Sweden’s Nordic neigh-bours. In Asia, most research collaborations take place with Japan and China.

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Co-author in Sweden

Co-author outside Sweden

Co-author outside KI

2007 2008 2009

Collaboration: KI publications



EU-funded projects, 2006–2010

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Total number of projects 219 244 260 230 204

- of which as coordinator 33 39 41 38 29

The number of projects underway within FP6, FP7 and the Public Health Programme. Figures do not include FP7 projects that have been approved but have not yet commenced.

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50

100

150

200

250

SEK million

2004 2005 2006 2007

113.4

214.2

2008

138.8

2009

172.5

235.2

185.7

2010

232.9

Revenue from the EU, 2004–2010

The European UnionKI retained its position as the largest recipient of EU funds of all Swedish universities, and as one of the largest in Europe in the health category. Research grants from the EU to KI decreased slightly in 2010, possibly because many projects were concluded in that year while many new projects will not be starting until early 2011. Revenue from research grants from the EU amoun-ted to SEK 232.9 million.

The Sixth Framework Programme (FP6)In recent years, KI has taken part in, at most, 202 simultaneous FP6 projects, including 28 as coordinator. In 2010, KI took part in 43 FP6 projects, including eight as coordinator. Twenty-eight of these projects were concluded during the year. Almost all of KI’s FP6 projects will draw to a close in 2011.

The Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)KI took part in 154 FP7 projects during the year (including 25 Marie Curie Fellowships), including 19 as coordinator. Some 40 new projects (30 at year-end 2009) commenced in early 2011, including four major projects for which KI is coordinator.

The European Research Council (ERC)The European Research Council (ERC) is one of four compo-

nents of FP7. The grants are awarded to individual researchers against the single selection criterion of “excellence”. There are two types of grant: Starting Grants of approximately EUR 1.5 million for successful research leaders at the start of their care-ers, and Advanced Grants of approximately EUR 2.5 million for researchers with a longer and successful career behind them.

KI has six current ERC Advanced Grants and five current Starting Grants, as well as two Starting Grants commencing in early 2011. Revenue from ERC research grants amounted to SEK 34.6 million.

The Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI)The IMI, which is a joint EU/pharmaceutical industry initia-tive for the production of drugs, was launched in 2008. KI is involved as a partner in seven out of 15 IMI projects, and will be coordinating a large IMI project due to commence in the first quarter of 2011.

The Public Health ProgrammeThe EU Public Health Programme is run by the DG SANCO in Luxembourg. In 2010, KI participated in six projects, including three as coordinator.



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20

40

60

80

SEK million

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

62.6 65.659.4 59.9

68,8

2009

72.0

2010

70.9

Revenue from US foundations and organisations, 2004–2010

American research grantsKI is one of the main recipients of American research grants in Europe. Research revenue from American financing sources amounted to SEK 70.9 million in 2010, of which SEK 34.5 mil-lion was from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), KI’s most important partner outside Europe.

During 2010, KI also received federal funds from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the Employee Benefits

Security Administration, the US Army and the National Science Foundation for a total of 40 research projects, including 14 with KI as coordinator.

In addition to federal funding, US non-profit, voluntary and private foundations are important potential sources of research funding. Revenue from this group increased by 12 per cent in 2010 to SEK 25 million.



With the rapid development of medical science and its growing complexity, international collaboration becomes increasingly important for research and education at Karolinska Institutet. During the year 2010 KI took part in and co-arranged international scientific symposias as well as student and alumni events with our partners in several countries around the world.

Exhibition at the House of SwedenAs part of KI’s 200th jubilee, a photo exhibition entitled “Cele-bration of Knowledge and Health” was organised at the House of Sweden in Washington DC in association with the Swedish Embassy. The exhibition illustrated KI’s research fields and his-tory through the photographs of Lennart Nilsson and others.

The Future Committee on the university of the futureKI’s Future Committee, which comprises a group of young em-ployees from a range of professional categories tasked with pro-

ducing future analyses and visions on strategic issues, initiated a debate during the year on the challenges that will be facing the university in the years to come. Part of this debate took the form of a workshop held at the Euroscience Open Forum (ESOF) – a scientific congress in Turin, Italy – with Professor Luc E Weber, president emeritus of Geneva University. Titled “Redefining the research university – collaborating over and beyond the walls of tradition”, the workshop included presentations and a world café discussion, which gave participants an opportunity to reflect on the theme, to be inspired and to learn from each other. Resear-chers and other staff from KI took part in nine more sessions at ESOF 2010.

Jubilee symposiasOver 60 jubilee symposias were arranged during the year, including the International Congress on Obesity (ICO) between 11 and 15 July at Stockholm International Fairs. Like ICO, many of the symposias were co-organised with other international actors. These included “Regenerative Medicine”, which was held with the University of Minnesota and the Mayo Clinic, Roches-ter, USA; the Stockholm Satellite Symposium to WorldPharma 2010 titled “Progress in Clinical Pharmacology – The Role of Therapeutic drug Monitoring and New Drug-Related Biomar-kers”; the 2nd International Mini-Symposium on Nanotoxico-logy titled “Understanding Interactions of Engineered Nanoma-terials with Biological Systems,” and others.

Karolinska Institutet in the world


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Jubilee symposium in Washington DCKarolinska Institutet arranged a scientific symposium at the House of Sweden in 2010 in collaboration with the Swedish Embassy in Washington DC and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Participants included Jack Szostak (as seen in photo above), who was one of the 2009 Nobel laureates in medi-cine, and researchers from the NIH and KI. The symposium was followed by a jubilee banquet in the ambassador’s residence.

Sweden days in SingaporeStudents from KI’s partner universities, the National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technologi-cal University, presented their research, and KI professors Martin Ingvar and Arne Ljungqvist held popular science lectures.

KI at the World ExpoKI held high-level lectures in the Swedish pavilion at Shanghai World Expo 2010, while KI Alumni arranged a networking meeting with Peking University Health Science Centre.

Exhibition and symposium in JapanSeveral jubilee events were held in Tokyo in collaboration with the Swedish Embassy in Japan. To coincide with the photo ex-hibition hosted by the embassy and titled “Karolinska Institutet 200 years – Celebration of Knowledge and Health”, KI arranged a scientific symposium with RIKEN. KI also teamed up with the scientific journal Nature Asia Pacific to arrange a “nature café” at the embassy, which included scientific lectures and panel debates.

TEDx at Karolinska InstitutetIn December 2010, the Future Committee at KI arranged a fully attended TEDx event in association with the non-profit organi-sation TED (Technology Economy Design), which under the slogan “Ideas worth spreading” offers web-based lectures by world leaders in their fields. TEDx is arranged locally around the world. TEDx KI had the theme “Creativity leading to knowledge – from the individual to the organisation”. The event consisted of presentations; two previously filmed TED presentations, in accordance with the TED programme format, and a world café session, where all participants, present and online, discussed how creativity and knowledge exchange can be fostered within the university. The goal is to arrange one TEDx KI a year. KI’s Future Committee is a think-tank comprising a number of young employees from different professional categories at KI tasked by the president with producing future analyses and visions on strategic issues.

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Sustainable development

SUSTAInABlE DEvElOPMEnT

THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACTn In the course of their operations, higher education

institutions (HEIs) shall promote sustainable develop-ment to ensure a sound and healthy environment, economic and social welfare, and justice, for present and future generations.

STRATEGy 2012n Education and research at KI shall be characterised

by a sincere responsibility towards society, and shall thus contribute to sustainable development both within and beyond Sweden’s borders. KI shall provide an environment for work and study that is characteri-sed by sound leadership, participation, involvement, transparency, equality and diversity, and by a concern for both the internal and the external environment.

BackgroundIn 1992, the UN member states adopted the Rio Declaration, a global action plan for sustainable development. The document contains measures for reducing poverty and for removing threats to the health of mankind and the environment. Con-sequently, some of its aims are to satisfy primary health and healthcare needs, to combat infectious diseases and to reduce pollution-related health hazards.

In 2000, the world’s heads of state signed the UN Millen-nium Declaration, which embodies eight development goals to be achieved by 2015. For example, poverty and hunger are to be halved, infant and maternal mortality are to be reduced by a third and three-quarters respectively, the spread of HIV/AIDS, TB, malaria and other diseases is to be halted and even reversed, and environmental sustainability is to be ensured.

Education at all levels has been identified as one of the most important contributors to achieving sustainable development. The UN has designated 2005–2014 as a decade of education

Priority areas of KI’s management system for environment and sustainable development

Research and education

Official travel

EnergyWaste

Chemicals

Procurement and purchasing



and learning for sustainable development, and in 2006 a clause requiring higher education institutions to promote sustainable development was added to the Higher Education Act.

Priority areas for KI’s environmental and sustainability workMuch of KI’s general sustainability work is carried out under its management system for the environment and sustainable deve-lopment. The management system encompasses the university’s efforts to integrate sustainable development into its education and research activities, to reduce its environmental impact, and, in addition to its environmental responsibilities, to take social responsibility when procuring and purchasing goods and services. KI’s physical and psychosocial working environment and inter-nationalisation activities are also key components of its sustai-nability work, but are not covered by the management system.

Bachelor’s and Master’s educationLike other higher HEIs around the world, KI plays a key part in the transition towards a sustainable society. This involves equip-ping students with knowledge and skills so that they know how to contribute to sustainable development, both as professionals and as citizens. As a medical university, KI has a particular responsibility to disseminate facts and information in the field of sustainable development and human health.

It is KI’s objective to integrate a sustainability perspective into all its first-cycle/Bachelor’s and second-cycle/Master’s study programmes. Some programmes already have strong links with sustainable development, but in order to bring this perspective to all study programmes, the Board of Higher Education invited KI’s programme directors to a number of work seminars during the autumn. The board also invited teachers at KI and other HEIs to a seminar on learning for sustainable development during the 2010 education congress.

Doctoral education and researchAll research and education at KI is dedicated to improving hu-man health. Research that highlights the links between health,

socioeconomic factors and human environmental impact is, however, particularly critical to sustainable development. Such research and education is conducted at KI through, for example, disciplines and fields such as epidemiology, public health science, global health, infection diseases, antibiotic resistance, environmental medicine and health effects of climate change.

The KI Scientific Forum on Sustainability and Health was set up during the year. The forum serves both as a reference group for the Environment Committee in its efforts to publicise KI’s research and education in the fields of health and sustainable development on the KI website, and as a think-tank for how KI’s research and third-cycle/Doctoral education on sustaina-ble development can be augmented. The forum arranges open seminars with the Environment Committee on “Health for a sustainable planet”. Three seminars were held during the year on energy production in developing countries and its impact on human health, the pre-school physical environment and its effects on children’s health, and harmful particles in the urban environment.

EnergyKI’s extensive laboratory activities mean that its energy con-sumption, and therefore its carbon footprint, is high compared to other HEIs. KI’s management has set a target of a 25 per cent reduction in energy consumption per square metre between 2010 and 2025. Although many of the measures needed to achieve this target must be taken in collaboration with KI’s esta-te owner, KI has specific responsibility for all operations-related energy use. A pilot study was conducted in the autumn by the Estates Department to identify the areas to which the university should give priority in its own energy-reduction work. Accor-ding to the study, energy awareness amongst KI’s employees is high and the greatest energy-saving potential is in the consistent purchase of low-energy lighting and equipment when replacing old and worn-out items.

In its efforts to reduce its carbon footprint, KI switched to renewable electricity, which led to a 30 per cent reduction over the year in carbon dioxide emissions linked to energy consump-tion at the premises rented by KI.

0

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2,000

3,000

4,000

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2009 2010

Carbon dioxide emissions from KI’s energy consumption


Official travelThe carbon footprint of KI’s official travel is considerable and is chiefly linked to air travel, emissions from which are almost four times higher than those produced by energy consumption at the university’s rented premises (although it should be noted that many of KI’s operations take place in premises belonging to Karolinska University Hospital and other hospitals in Stock-holm). In an attempt to reduce its travel-related carbon foot-print, KI revised its regulations during the year to more clearly encourage more environmentally friendly modes of transporta-tion. The regulations also urge KI employees to always consider the possibility of using modern information technology instead of holding physical meetings that involve a degree of travel.

Procurements and purchasesBy insisting on stringent environmental and social standards when procuring and purchasing goods and services, KI can

contribute to the improvement of the external environment and of people’s living and working conditions. KI has been working to improve its demands in this respect for several years, and during the year KI commenced a project to establish a syste-matic monitoring system for these activities and to review its procurement and purchasing rules and procedures.

ChemicalsKI’s laboratory activities use large volumes of chemicals, and over 10,000 products are on its chemical register. KI’s general goal is to phase out harmful and toxic chemicals as far as is practicably possible. At the start of the year, the Environment Unit drew up a list of priority chemicals, at least 50 per cent of which KI’s departments must have phased out by 2011. To support their efforts, the Environment Unit arranged a seminar during the spring on phasing out ethidium bromide, which is a common but harmful fluorescent tag.


Air travel, 2010

Energy use, 2010

Carbon dioxide emissions from KI’s energy consumption and air travel


WasteKI’s goal is to reduce the volume of waste produced and to increase sorting at source. However, statistics suggest that the amount of waste increased during the 2006–2010 period while the proportion of sorted waste (excluding chemical and hazar-dous waste) remained roughly constant at 30 per cent.

ISO 14001 environmental certification KI’s management decided during the year to augment its mana-gement system for environment and sustainable development to ensure that its efforts meet the requirements of ISO 14001 environmental certification. The decision led to a review of the relevant operational processes and rules. KI’s regulations on travel, procurement and so forth were also reviewed in response to the increasingly concrete demands placed by the Govern-ment on how public authorities must work towards sustainable development.

Work carried out in the interests of the environment and sustain-ability can only succeed if it encompasses the entire organisa-tion. To encourage commitment to and improve knowledge of KI’s environment and sustainability work amongst its employ-ees, a training programme was begun at the end of the year and will continue into 2011.

Another important tool for achieving these aims is the digital handbook that was produced in 2010 and is available on the KI website at ki.se/hallbarutveckling. The handbook contains guidelines, plans of action, operational rules relevant to environmental and sustainability work, and other such information.


Waste materials

0

200

400

600

800

Chemical/hazardous

Sorted

Other

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Tonnes


Equal treatment

KI’s equal treatment activities are based on the Discrimination Act, the Higher Education Act and Strategy 2012. The Discrimi- nation Act prohibits discrimination and harassment, and contains measures to promote and achieve equal rights and opportunities for employees and students irrespective of sex, transgender identity or expression, ethnicity, religion or other belief, disability, sexual orientation and age. KI is therefore obliged to take specific action to promote equal treatment and opportunities.

OrganisationThe President has ultimate responsibility for ensuring that ac-tion promoting equal treatment is carried out at KI. The Equal Treatment Committee, which reports directly to the President, is tasked with developing general strategic equality activities.

Each department has one or more equality representatives, who share responsibility for its departmental activities with the head of department. These representatives meet several times a year to share experiences and undergo training on the subject. On two occasions during the autumn of 2010, a specially ar-ranged workshop was held on discrimination, harassment and victimisation. The majority of these representatives took part.

To meet the requirements of the HEA, KI took active mea-sures to attain the target for quantitative gender equality (the proportion of men and women in different occupational and student categories to be in the 40 to 60 per cent interval) and the goal for qualitative gender equality (conditions for education, career, pay, health, etc. to be gender-independent). Below is an account of the measures taken and results achieved for students and employees in 2010.

Gender equality measures and results: students

Bachelor’s and Master’s education The total gender distribution amongst students in first-cycle/Bachelor’s and second-cycle/Master’s education remained rela-tively constant over the 2007–2010 period. Women constituted 73 per cent of students, in contrast with 76 per cent in 2008 (see table 5 in the Tables Appendix). However, some changes can be noted as regards the gender distribution of admissions to beginners’ programmes: the proportion of women on the Study Programme in Radiography fell from 90 per cent in 2007 to 76 per cent in 2010; and the proportion of women on the study programmes in Physiotherapy and Dentistry dropped, respecti-vely, from 80 to 63 per cent and from 75 to 62 per cent over the same period (see table 3 in the Tables Appendix).

Despite the positive trend, the nature of KI’s prospectus makes it hard to influence the gender distribution of students on its study programmes. The gender distribution at KI matches that of other HEIs with a similar prospectus, and reflects the situation in the students’ future labour market after graduation. Nevertheless, KI deems it imperative to work on this area, and so has been taking steps to increase the proportion of men within the student body. KI therefore strives to have both male and female student ambassadors when marketing itself at educa-tion fairs and other public events.

KI is also running a special initiative to ascertain why young men tend to shun education in medicine and healthcare. To this end, KI collaborates with AIK Boys’ Football Club on a project titled “Spelar Roll – Football and education in partnership”. In 2010, coaches and players were interviewed about their views on masculinity, their future plans and the players’ choice of edu-cation. The players also met researchers and other representati-ves from the university to learn about research that is of interest to them in relation to their game.

Lectures and seminars on equal treatment are held for stu-dents and teachers in order to facilitate a healthy study environ-ment, and in 2010 some 500 people attended these events. Every year, the Board of Higher Education and Stockholm County Council make project funds available, and in 2010 one equality project received funding.

THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACTn Equality between women and men shall always be

taken into account and promoted in the operations of higher education institutions (HEIs).

STRATEGy 2012n KI shall provide an environment for work and study

that is characterised by sound leadership, participa-tion, involvement, transparency, equality and diversity, and by a concern for both the internal and the exter-nal environment.

EQUAl TREATMEnT


EQUAl TREATMEnT

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Exchange student Katerina Kavalidou, far right, studies with her fellow students. Originally from Greece, Kavalidou plans to go on with her research in England.


Doctoral educationWomen comprised 62 per cent of active Doctoral students in 2010, and men 38 per cent. New Doctoral admissions showed the same ratio, while the proportion of women graduating with a Doctoral degree was 58 per cent. Women formed the majority (83 per cent) of students admitted with a licentiate degree as their aim. However, the proportion of Doctoral students admit-ted in this category has declined in recent years, and accounted for only four per cent of all Doctoral level admissions in 2010. On the other hand, a lower proportion of women than in pre-vious years were awarded a licentiate degree (67 per cent).Since the recruitment base for Doctoral education mostly con-stitutes students from female-dominated study programmes, it is not surprising that women are in the majority at this level too. The gender distribution also matches that of Doctoral students in similar research fields at other Swedish HEIs. Nevertheless, the gender distribution is close to the gender equality interval

of 40 to 60 per cent, and has not changed significantly over the past decade.

The Board of Doctoral Education has launched a project de-signed to increase the number of Doctoral places advertised. An open procedure creates greater transparency in the recruitment process, which makes it easer to uncover shortcomings in the equal treatment of applicants.

To help Doctoral students at KI become more acquainted with the subject, an equal treatment component was introdu-ced into the compulsory induction course for all new Doctoral students. In 2010, 292 students attended this course. To broaden competence in the field, prospective and active Doctoral super-visors also undergo training in this respect. The supervisor training courses, which are obligatory for all new supervisors, also contain elements relating to gender equality and equal treatment. In 2010, 253 supervisors attended such programmes.

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Beginners’ prog. total

Dental technology

Dentistry

Dental hygiene

Nursing

Physiotherapy

Radiography

Psychology

Optometry

Medicine

Speech & language pathology

Public health sciences

Biomedical lab science

Biomedicine

Audiology

Occupational therapy

Male Female

Gender distribution of first-year students on beginners’ programmes, 2010

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

FemaleMale

Continuation total

Master's 2 year

Master's 1 year

Odontological prophylactics

Specialist nursing

Psychotherapy

Midwifery

Gender distribution of first-year students on continuation programmes, 2010

EQUAl TREATMEnT


Women in Doctoral education (%)

2007 2008 2009 2010

Doctoral admissions 63 60 61 62

- of which licentiates 88 75 89 83

Doctoral students (active _>10%) 61 61 61 62

Licentiate degrees 77 80 71 67

PhD degrees 61 57 63 58

newly appointed professors

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Totalof which women Total

of which women Total



of which women

Newly appointed professors 22 8 24 8 24 8 21 5 40 15

The equal treatment perspective in educationIn order to implement gender and other equality perspectives in its education, KI has employed a visiting senior lecturer on equality and tasked two KI teachers with surveying the equality perspective on its study programmes and helping their collea-gues to incorporate these perspectives into their own teaching.

This survey was completed in 2010 and the results will form the basis of continuing equality work in 2011. The results show that there are gaps in teachers’ knowledge as regards the importance of equality in their own teaching and in the subject field of medicine as a whole. The results and a plan for future measures were presented to programme coordinators and departmental representatives. A large number of pedagogical seminars have also been scheduled for 2011 for course coordi-nators and other programme teachers to help them implement the equality perspective into their teaching.

Doctoral education is chiefly conducted through individual research projects. Four courses at this level included gender or other equality perspectives in 2010.

Gender equality measures and results: staff

Recruitment and promotion of teachersKI met the Government-imposed target requiring at least 30 per cent of the professors appointed during the four-year period of 2005–2008 to be female (actual figure 34 per cent). While no corresponding target was set for 2009 or 2010, the proportion of women in this category was 33 per cent.

A total of 40 people (25 men, 15 women) were employed as professors during the year. Of the professors employed via advertised professorships, eight were men and two were women, while the gender distribution of people employed through ad-vertised lectureships was more even (five women, four men). Of those awarded competence-based promotions, six were women and four were men. Eleven people (nine men, two women) were employed as visiting professors. (See under Human Resources.)

newly appointed female professors (%)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Advertised professorships* 33 37 44 27 32

Competence-based promotion 50 50 14 20 60

Visiting professors 0 44 0 0 18

Total 36 42 33 24 38* Including professors appointed through advertised lectureships.

EQUAl TREATMEnT


newly appointed female teachers, other categories (%)*

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Senior lecturers 60 43 71 57 67

Postdoctoral fellows 61 48 53 49 59

Lecturers 78 70 81 85 59

*Including promotions

Female teachers, FTE (%)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Professors 17 18 21 21 24

Senior lecturers 47 47 50 55 56

Postdoctoral fellows 58 59 59 51 53

Lecturers 84 83 83 80 75

Total 46 47 49 47 46

The gender distribution remains uneven, which demonstrates the difficulties of recruiting women at professor level. While the category of competence-based promotions is dominated by women (60 per cent), the proportion of women employed as a result of advertised professorships remains low (20 per cent).

KI is working actively to achieve a more even gender balance amongst its teachers and researchers. When recruiting profes-sors and senior lecturers, for example, the selection committees are instructed to put forward both sexes for advertised posts and to actively seek out suitable candidates, putting particular effort into encouraging applications from the under-represented sex.

Since 2006, vacancies have been advertised in areas where there are scientifically qualified women. To date, 17 lectureships have been advertised, and 18 people have been recruited. Twelve women and three men have been recruited onto professorships, while two women and one man have been employed as senior lecturers. This means that 78 per cent of these positions have gone to women.

KI’s recruitment target is that the gender distribution of newly appointed senior lecturers and postdoctoral fellows should lie within the 40–60 per cent interval. In 2010, eleven people (six women, five men) were recruited to senior lecturer, while ten lecturers (nine women, one man) and two assistant lecturers (both men) were promoted to this level. One woman was employed as a visiting lecturer. This means that the propor-tion of women (67 per cent) in this group was 10 percentage points up on 2009 (57 per cent). The proportion of women in the category of newly recruited postdoctoral fellows was 59 per cent, compared with 49 per cent in 2009. (See under Human Resources.)

For the 2010–2012 period, at least 30 per cent of newly recruited lecturers are required to be male. In 2010, the proportion of men in this category was 41 per cent, which is a sharp increase on 2009 (15 per cent). At 39, the number of newly recruited lecturers in 2010 was also double that in 2009 (20 per cent).

In 2010, all departments were invited to a half-day course on recruitment and interview techniques, with a focus on resear-chers and teaching staff, led by Dr Malin Lindelöw. The aim of the course was to quality assure and streamline the recruitment process.

Since 2009, KI has applied the JÄMIX equality index. This is a tool for describing equality in the organisation that uses nine key ratios, including salary levels, rates of sick leave and parental leave and management duties. KI then uses the results to compare itself with other organisations and to trace its own trends over time. The aggregate result for 2009 was 99 points out of a maximum of 180, which is slightly below the median. The results for 2010 are due in the spring of 2011.

In 2010, KI applied for and received funding from the Delegation for Gender Equality in Higher Education for “Mentor4Equality”, a project designed to explore the mecha-nisms and structures that impede equality at KI. The project is aimed at Doctoral students and postdocs, who are invited to participate in a mentorship programme. The aim is for the participants to identify, describe and analyse different structures and mechanisms that lead to inequality and to devise measures and working methods to improve gender equality at KI. The project will run for two years, starting in 2011.

EQUAl TREATMEnT


Recruitment of managers The President of KI is a woman, and the Vice President a man. KI’s three internal boards are led by deans and assistant deans, and in 2010 the gender distribution of these offices was even as per the prevailing regulations at KI. The gender distribution of the members of these boards was in the 40–60 per cent interval.

KI has a total of 22 heads of department, 41 per cent of whom are female, in contrast to 32 per cent in 2009. In accor-dance with the prevailing regulations for the post of departmen-tal head and the recruitment procedures for this position, the selection committee must put forward at least two candidates, one of whom should be female.

Recruitment of technical and administrative staffThe majority of technical and administrative staff at KI are women (73 per cent and 84 per cent respectively). A greater proportion of men must be recruited if a more even gender balance is to be achieved in this personnel category.

A pilot project was launched in 2010 in association with the Department of Odontology, aimed at producing a concept for success that can be used at a departmental level to achieve a more even gender distribution amongst technical/administra-tive staff.

Female technical/administrative staff, FTEs (%)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Administrative 79 79 79 84 84

Technical 77 77 78 71 73

Total 78 78 80 77 78

EQUAl TREATMEnT


Human Resources

Report on Human Resources

In October 2010, KI had 4,558 employees, an increase of 112 year-on-year. This corresponds to 3,944 FTE employees, an increase of 69 (two per cent) in 2009.

The largest percentage increases are attributable to the post-doctoral fellow and senior lecturer (clinical) categories. The number of postdoctoral fellows increased by 21 FTEs (18 per cent), which complies with KI’s goal to raise the number of mid-level academic posts.

The lecturer category declined by 39 FTEs (18 per cent), which is partly attributable to an organisational change (com-

petence renewal), made by KI in response to a decision by the National Agency for Higher Education that demands higher competence levels for teachers on the Study Programme in Nursing. This led to a reduction in teaching staff owing to work shortages.

The turnover for permanent staff was approximately 10 per cent, one percentage point lower than in 2009. The total rate of staff turnover, which includes staff on fixed-term contracts (and employed Doctoral students), was approximately 19 per cent, which is a decrease of five percentage points. A total of 356 people were employed on permanent contracts during the year and 188 left or retired.

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HUMAn RESOURCES

Staff and students warming up for the yearly traditional 2.1 kilometer KI run.


FTE staff by category, 2010

2007 2008 2009 2010 Change 2009–2010

Professor, pre-clinical 174 181 188 182 1%

Professor, clinical 133 135 140 142 1%

Senior lecturer, pre-clinical 95 95 110 112 2%

Senior lecturer, clinical 41 39 38 40 7%

Postdoctoral fellow 65 89 117 138 18%

Junior lecturer 231 214 219 180 -18%

Senior research fellow 630 653 685 708 3%

Doctoral student 553 491 515 519 1%

Admin staff 721 696 858 896 4%

Technical staff 886 860 1,005 1,020 2%

Total 3,529 3,453 3,875 3,944 2%

Note: The figures above include all employees, regardless of work hours or length of tenure, but exclude people with assistantships linked to postgraduate grants, adjunct or acting teachers, and employees on leave of absence, parental leave, sick leave, early retirement, etc. With regard to the number of other employees, only those on full leave of absence (rather than parental and sick leave) have been omitted. The figures for all employees (FTE and other) refer to October 2010. Figures for technical and administrative staff are reported from 2009 in accordance with Statistics Sweden’s classification system. The calculation of FTEs and the exclusion of staff on sick or parental leave, again in accordance with Statistics Sweden’s instruction, are also new for 2009. The figures for 2007–2008 have been adjusted accordingly.

In addition to its employees, KI has a large number of people working for it who are not formally employed, mainly visiting research fellows, holders of scholarships and unsalaried docents. Staff employed by Stockholm County Council, such as nurses, physiotherapists, doctors, etc., are also involved in education and research.

In October 2010, KI had 519 Doctoral students employed on studentships, an increase of four FTEs on 2009, and 347 Doctoral students funded through study grants, an increase of five FTEs. Of these, 68 per cent combined their grants with an assistantship. In addition, there are Doctoral students with alter-native sources of funding, such as scholarships and employment at another HEI or through clinical placement.

Forty people were appointed as professors in 2010 (25 men, 15 women), which is 19 more than in 2009. Of the professors appointed via advertised professorships, eight were men and two were women, while appointments as professor through advertised lectureships were more evenly distributed in terms

of gender (five women, four men). Six women and four men were promoted to the position of professor, and 11 people were employed as visiting professors (nine men, two women).

Further, 24 people (16 women) were appointed as or pro-moted to senior lecturer, an increase of ten on 2009. One of these women was employed as a visiting senior lecturer.

In addition, eight (2009: four) adjunct professors (five men, three women) and six acting senior lecturers (four men, two women) were appointed in 2010. Seven adjunct professors and five acting senior lecturers had their appointments extended. In October 2010 there were a total of 49 adjunct professors, 65 acting senior lecturers and 35 acting junior lecturers. For the first and last of these categories, this was a decrease of 19 and eight people respectively on 2009, the result, in part, of the stricter application of the co-opting rules, after which some of these positions were not extended. The category of acting senior lecturers, on the other hand, increased by 14 on 2009.

HUMAn RESOURCES


0 200 400 600 800600 400 200800

Professor

Senior lecturer

Postdoctoral fellow

Junior lecturer

Senior research fellow

Doctoral student

Technical staff

Administrative staff

F 80 M 251 = 331

F 84 M 68 = 152

F 71 M 67 = 138

F 134 M 344 = 708

F 364 M 344 = 708

F 339 M 181 = 519

F 743 M 278 = 1,020

F 751 M 144 = 896

Female (total 2,566) Male (total 1,379)

Staff categories: breakdown by gender (total: 3,944)

Breakdown by genderAs in previous years, about two thirds of employees were women. The ratio of female professors was 24 per cent, an increase of three percentage points on 2009. In the senior lecturer, post-doctoral fellow and senior research fellow categories, the gender distribution lay within KI’s target 40–60 interval. The junior lec-turer, Doctoral student (on studentships), technical, laboratory and administrative staff categories remained female dominated.

Staff with PhDsIn October 2010 the total number of employees holding PhDs was 1,872 (up by 128 from 2009), of which 938 were men and 934 women, who showed the greatest increase in number (up by 102). Eighty per cent (749) of the teaching staff (as defined by the Higher Education Ordinance) held PhDs.

Sick leaveThe rate of sick leave decreased in 2010 across all staff catego-ries. Although the total rate of sick leave at KI is low, the figures, especially for short-term leave, may not be fully reliable given that academic staff do not have the same number of regulated

working hours as other personnel. Moreover, in certain cases qualifying days for benefit are swapped for paid holidays or compensatory leave.

Long-term sick leave is defined as a continuous period of 60 days or more of total sick leave. The rate of sick leave for male and female staff is quoted as a percentage of total ordinary working hours for each group. The figures do not therefore provide details of sick leave for men and women as a percentage of total sick leave. Sick leave rates by age group are calculated in a similar manner.

Salary spread Salary differentials between men and women narrowed for the professor (pre-clinical) category. Female employees in the Doctoral student category now have a higher mean salary than the male. Salary differentials in the senior lecturer (pre-clinical), junior lecturer, postdoctoral fellow, senior research fellow and technical and administrative staff categories widened on 2009. It should be noted, however, that a much deeper analysis would be needed before any direct conclusions on gender differences in pay can be drawn from mean salaries.

HUMAn RESOURCES


Salary spreads, October 2010 (monthly salary in SEK)

Malemean

Femalemean

Total 20102009

meanChange

mean10th perc mean 90th perc

Professor, pre-clinical 58,461 58,165 48,500 58,376 69,000 56,430 1,946

Professor, clinical 52,345 53,875 43,150 52,666 60,200 49,936 2,730

Senior lecturer, pre-clinical 45,090 43,005 38,300 43,924 50,700 42,111 1,813

Senior lecturer, clinical 40,668 42,095 35,500 41,329 46,200 40,112 1,217

Postdoctoral fellow 35,002 34,314 29,800 34,622 40,100 33,281 1,341

Junior lecturer 38,609 34,502 29,500 35,483 44,200 33,255 2,228

Senior research fellow 37,207 33,029 26,000 35,097 49,500 33,631 1,466

Doctoral student 23,196 23,694 21,230 23,532 26,500 23,197 335

Admin staff 38,361 31,081 24,300 32,208 43,600 30,500 1,708

Technical staff 28,936 26,128 19,050 26,884 34,300 25,844 1,040

Sick leave (%)

2007 2008 2009 2010

Total 2.2 2.7 2.4 2.0

Long-term sick leave 63.3 70.6 63.7 57.0

Women 2.7 3.5 3.1 2.7

Men 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.9

Employees, <_ 29 years 0.9 1.6 1.6 1.5

Employees, 30–49 years 1.6 2.1 1.8 1.5

Employees, >_ 50 years 3.4 3.8 3.5 2.9

Teaching staff holding PhDs, 2007–2009

2007 2008 2009 2010

Staff holding PhDs 625 645 709 749

Percentage of total 71% 74% 77% 80%

HUMAn RESOURCES


Competence supply management report

The Ordinance concerning Annual Reports and Budget Docu-mentation (2000:605) provides that all public authorities must account for and analyse the action they take to ensure that they possess the competence needed to fulfil their operational goals.

To attract, recruit and retain competence, KI seeks to focus on the following areas:• Competencesupplymanagement.• Supportfortheproductionofpersonnelsupplyplans.• Safeguardingthequalityoftherecruitmentprocess.• Postdocteachingandresearchcareers.• Leadershipdevelopment.• Creatinganattractiveandhealthyworkingenvironment.

Competence supply managementThrough the Government’s research bill investments and exter-nal financiers, KI receives substantial capital injections, which necessitate the employment of additional personnel. Karolinska Institutet is the authority responsible for academic first-cycle/Bachelor’s healthcare education, which for most professional categories, takes place close to and even integrated with the healthcare activities that fall under the remit of Stockholm County Council.

Working in tandem with Stockholm County Council, KI shall help to ensure that employment conditions are created and resources provided for clinical research and teaching. Recruiting people to the medical field is of great strategic importance as regards supplying the healthcare and, not least, academic sectors with highly skilled employees. Stockholm County Council must be active in its collaboration with KI to guarantee access to com-petent personnel for meeting its future requirements.

With the creation of a common, clearly set-out clinical career path, Stockholm County Council and KI employees can work together to facilitate the recruitment of clinical competence. A proposal has been drafted to make it easier: • forpeopletoreceivealectureship/professorshipincombina-

tion with a senior physician post at a younger age,• toincreasetheproportionofclinicalpostdocsandclinical

postdoctoral fellows, and• forpeopletoundergoDoctoralandspecialisteducationand

receive a docentship as early as possible.

Support for the production of personnel supply plansA project was launched in 2009 to construct joint approaches, structures and system support for personnel supply at KI. In 2010, the project produced a set of personnel supply guidelines, which were implemented in connection with the operational planning activities at each of KI’s departments. KI also began work on defining the concept of “competence” with a definition

of “formal education”, and started gathering data on employees’ formal education in accordance with this definition in the per-sonnel system data base (so called Primula).

As an additional support, the personnel system will also enable searches to be carried out on criteria of competence/ education by subject and facilitate the charting of competence/education to assist with the planning and supply of future per-sonnel requirements.

Safeguarding the quality of the recruitment processIf KI is to operate at the frontline of international research and achieve its goals, it is imperative that the university is able to announce vacancies and recruit the very best leaders and em-ployees. As a medical university of great international renown, KI has considerable competitive advantages when it comes to recruiting new research groups or individual researchers.

A project was launched in the autumn of 2009 to create a more rational and systematic process for all recruitment. In 2010, the project produced a common recruitment process in the form of a recruitment guide, which describes activity flows, responsibilities, roles and competence requirements. After having been tested over a four-month period by all departments, it was approved for use for all vacancy announcements at KI.

In the implementation of this common approach, over 200 applications from managers were received in 2010 for a course on competence-based recruitment, which was offered 18 times during the year and run by Malin Lindelöw, a doctor in psycho-logy and consultant specialising in recruitment and selection. The course was also held for some 30 human resources admini-strators and equivalent employees at KI. Work on procuring electronic system support software also began, and is expected to continue into 2011.

The above work on the recruitment process shall have the following effects:• bettersupport,serviceandclaritythroughthecreationofa

uniform, systematic and standardised process for everyone involved in the recruitment process,

• transparency,at-a-glancecomprehensivenessandtraceabi-lity in case-handling from initiation to decision,

• betteropportunitiesformonitoringasdataiscollectedelec-tronically in the same way throughout the organisation,

• moreguaranteedquality,withe.g.self-instructiveforms,and• greatlyshortenedrecruitmenttimes.

Postdoc teaching and research careersAccess to highly qualified personnel is vital to universities, and attractive career openings must be available along with favour-able financing conditions.

KI introduced a new career system for teachers and resear-chers in 2007 that has helped create transparency, clarity and openness. After the deregulation of teacher recruitments, a special committee reviewed KI’s recruitment rules for teachers

HUMAn RESOURCES


and researchers in 2010. On 6 December the University Board adopted new recruitment regulations for teachers and resear-chers, into which the career system was then integrated.

Leadership developmentSignificant demands are placed on managers and leaders in academic environments by the changeable and complex nature of their work. To deal with these demands and to attract, retain and motivate the employees needed for achieving the university’s operational goals, leadership development initiatives were taken during the year through the broadening of courses available and the provision of improved support for managers/leaders. One of the future challenges that Strategy 2012 sets for KI is leadership, and this will entail a greater focus on and investment in every aspect of leadership at KI, including such measures as charting the university’s leadership structure, and ensuring backing for guidelines for the organisation.

A number of courses for managers and leaders were held during the year on developing personal leadership and formal managerial skills. The courses were attended by a total of 285 participants.

Creating an attractive and healthy working environmentKI’s aim is to build an attractive and healthy workplace in order to create the optimum conditions for achieving the operational goals to which the university aspires. The definition of a healthy workplace includes all the efforts being made in all contexts in which individuals work and that are designed to improve wellbeing and health. A good working environment requires healthy relations within the organisation, amongst employees and between employees and their managers.

Below are some activities that were carried out in 2010:Employee surveys and guidelines KI conducted a comprehensive employee survey in the autumn of 2009, in response to which measures were taken to effect changes in the university’s operations, primarily those of the departments, in 2010. To support this process, seminars and workshops were arranged with a special focus on the prevention of discrimination, victimisation and harassment.

New guidelines based on working environment legislation and the Discrimination Act were adopted and publicised during the year. The document also contains information and advice on preventing and dealing with the discrimination, victimisation and harassment of employees.

General courses and workshopsIn 2010, KI invited all its employees and students to three work environment days, offering courses and workshops on such sub-jects as sleep, stress, master suppression techniques and cancer risks in the laboratory environment. Approximately 90 mana-

gers at different levels of the organisation took part in a course on working environment issues linked to managerial duties.Just under 200 people took part in health promotion courses during the year, such as New Start programmes, mindfulness courses in stress management, ergonomics, etc. In an attempt to improve the physical and psychosocial working environment, specially designed courses and support on behavioural change in the areas of ergonomics and health/lifestyle were offered to two of KI’s animal houses. Health project with Arizona State University (ASU)In December, the preliminary results of ASUKI Step, the major health drive of 2009, were published by the project group. ASUKI Step was a unique collaboration project designed to study the direct and indirect health effects of increased physical activity through participation in a six-month long step contest. The preliminary results show that almost all quantitative goals were attained and that there was a significant drop in blood pressure in the test group.

Physical Exercise on Prescription (FaR®)As a result of a health project called “Satsa friskt” from 2007–2009, KI has devised its own model of Physical Exercise on Prescription (FaR®). The model is based on having the occu-pational health services prescribe and follow-up activities, and KI’s own health promotion centre support implementation. The aim of the model is to prevent early signs of lifestyle-related symptoms and to promote health through individual physical activity programmes. Forty people were prescribed physical activity in 2010.

Events, contests and inspiration daysKarolinska Institutet’s annual fun-run celebrated its tenth anni-versary with an event involving 450 runners from throughout the university. A football contest and a series of health inspira-tion days attracted a total of 240 participants.

HUMAn RESOURCES


KI’s portfolio of premises and costs, 2007–2010

year Area sq.m. Cost, SEK million Percentage of total costs

2007 183,856 488 12%

2008 186,489 503 12%

2009 198,009 553 12%

2010 204,494 565 11%

Costs of premises include rent, electricity, media, cleaning, etc.

Premises

Karolinska Institutet’s premises portfolio comprises buildings at Campus Solna and Campus Huddinge and a small number of rented premises in central Stockholm, such as the offices of the Ageing Research Centre, which is a collaboration project with Stockholm Municipality and others. KI also rents premises at St Erik’s Hospital for the study programme in optometry, and premises in Malmö for a national research project on breast cancer called KARMA at the Department of Medical Epidemio-logy and Biostatistics. With a few exceptions, the above table does not include clinically orientated departments at KI that operate at Stockholm County Council premises at Karolinska University Hospital, Danderyd Hospital and Söder Hospital.

KI’s premises portfolio increased during the year by about 6,500 sq.m., largely on account of new rented premises (approximately 4,100 sq.m.) for the Science for Life Laboratory (Sci-LifeLab) Stockholm, which is a joint organisation run by KI, the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm University and Uppsala University. Premises and operations were also transfer-red from the Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control (Smittskyddsinstitutet, SMI) to KI and the Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, which extended its premises by approximately 2,000 sq.m. The study programme in optometry at St Erik’s Hospital also increased the amount of space it rents during the year. In connection with the demoli-tion of the administration building to make way for the planned lecture hall, a donation from the Erling Persson Family Founda-tion, approximately 3,000 sq.m. were vacated and replaced, in part, by renting rooms in Haga Tingshus (1,700 sq.m.) and additional space (950 sq.m.) in Medicinska Föreningen’s (the medical students’ union) building.

A clear trend is that the need for office space is increasing and the relative size of laboratory premises is decreasing for most departments. To take care of temporarily “surplus” fixtures and fittings, additional storage space was rented in Solna and

Huddinge. This material will be reused in new building projects.The vacancy ratio in the new year was approximately 1.4 per cent, comprising 2,500 sq.m. divided between Huddinge (1,098 sq.m.) and Solna (1,464 sq.m.). Most of this space is difficult to lease out to any tenant other than the department that has its main operations in adjacent premises, owing to its location in the building or the lack of a lift or other suitable means of access. Over and above this vacancy ratio there is space of approximately 1,500 sq.m. that is currently under renovation for new tenants.

For the past few years, KI has had a policy to try to rent entire buildings so as to have full control over its premises port-folio. Any vacancies that arise can therefore be put in reserve for future needs. Meanwhile, these properties are leased out to com-panies, organisations and other public authorities collaborating with KI. By the end of the year, KI had some 20 tenants leasing space totalling approximately 16,500 sq.m., which generated rental revenue of SEK 36.3 million, including three restaurants that are regarded as operating on contract.

The largest tenants in 2009 were the Royal Institute of Tech-nology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet Science Park AB, the Ludwig Institute and Stockholm County Council. In 2010 the Royal Institute of Technology increased its tenancy holdings at KI Huddinge for operations that were transferred from Södertälje and Haninge. Collaboration with the Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Techno-logy at KI was extended and intensified.

The initial phases of the construction of new university hospital i Solna, called New Karolinska Solna (NKS)entailed the transfer of operations in the Norrbacka block owing to the demolition of its west wing.

Other construction work at KI during the year involved 20 or so projects, including two newbuilds and major renovations or operational adaptations. Although some newbuilds are not yet

PREMISES


Illus

trat

ion:

Win

gård

s

PREMISES

In September 2010 a ground breaking ceremony was held marking the start of the construction of Karolinska Institutet’s new lecture hall. The illustration shows the building from the Solna side, north of Stockholm. To the left is the new university hospital, currently being built.


complete, KI took up occupancy during the year of part of one such block. See the projects section below.

Concluded projectsCampus SolnaThe Swedish Large-Scale Biobank project was established at Campus Solna in the 95:13 block, creating space for freezers and fridges and safeguarding the electricity supply to the premises through the provision of back-up power.

The Science for Life Laboraatory (SciLifeLab) occupies pre-mises in the Alfa block on Tomtebodavägen, for which an initial phase of 1,500 sq.m. has been arranged. The aim of the project is to establish a new national resource centre for large-scale bioscience research, which places strict demands on the design and quality of the premises it occupies. Users and designers collaborated closely during the planning and building process. The second establishment phase will be completed during the spring of 2011 in the same building.

Operational adaptations were made to the premises vacated by Biovitrum in the Scheele and Retzius laboratories to prepare for the Department of Medical Biochemisty and Biophysics, the Institute of Environmental Medicine and the Department of Neuroscience.

A major project designed to supply greater back-up power to the Wargentin block was carried out for the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics to safeguard the biobank’s stores of data and samples.

Campus HuddingeThe “More treatment places at the Department of Odontology” project at Campus Huddinge was concluded during the year and the new premises were officially opened. Some research activities at the department were moved to the Novum block to make this possible.

The “Easily removed obstacles” phase of the accessibility project in Huddinge was concluded.

Ongoing projectsThe climate survey of the block at Alfred Nobels Allé 8, which started in 2009, is still underway. Akademiska Hus judged the interior climate in some parts of the block to be poor on account of the fact that not all of the changes made were ac-companied by the necessary technical adaptations. Remedial measures are planned for 2011 as far as is technically possible and financially justifiable. In some cases, operations will have to be relocated to larger premises or the department will have to purchase different equipment.

A study and detail design is still in progress for the reno-vation of several of KI’s animal houses. Building work was concluded during the year at the MTC, but some work remains to be done in 2011.

Phase II of Project Alfa for SciLifeLab is under construction, and 2,500 sq.m. is expected to be ready for occupancy in April 2011.

“The International Centre” project changed focus, and plans are currently in place primarily for more student and visiting researcher accommodation at Campus Solna. A study is in pro-gress on a similar establishment at Campus Huddinge.

The “Public Health Block” project has been underway for several months, with construction formally commencing in March 2011 when the existing switch control room will be re-located. The block will house KI’s Department of Public Health and the Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics and part of the SMI. The building is scheduled for occupancy in December 2012.

KI’s new lecture hall is under construction and is scheduled to be ready in the summer of 2013. The building will contain a 1,000-seat lecture hall as well as conference rooms, a 200-seat restaurant, about 100 office workplaces and a new faculty club.

Foundation work began on the Gamma block, part of Karolinska Institutet Science Park, in December 2010. The block is scheduled for occupancy by SciLifeLab and KISP AB in the summer of 2013. Detail design work for the building is underway.

Work on the concept brief for Biomedicum commenced and the detail design phase is expected to start in 2011. Biomedi-cum was established to gather together most of KI’s pre-clinical research into one large building close to NKS and the clinical research conducted there. Having Biomedicum adjacent to NKS greatly facilitates rapid feedback between clinical practice and research and mobility between patient-end environments and those where expert basic research is conducted.

PREMISES


Photo: Erik G Svensson

PREMISES

The lawn outside the library at Campus Solna is

a popular lunch venue


Change in capital for the yearAsset management showed a negative change in capital for the year of SEK 3.6 million. The fees and other remuneration item comprised generally periodised revenue from previously received funds for the financing of, inter alia, premises for core opera-tions. Contributory revenue is periodised and shows utilised contributory revenue received during the year and in previous years. Revenue was reduced by SEK 45.7 million, which was transferred to departmental research projects. Financial revenue largely comprised capital gains on the sale of securities (SEK 10.6 million). The allocation of KI’s internal funds (SEK 53.5 million) is shown in the table below. Financial costs mainly

Background

Karolinska Institutet manages individual endowments earmarked for medical research at KI. The endowments are divided into:• fundswhichareaccountedforundertheKIpublicauthority,and• independentfoundations,whichareseparatelegalentities

with asset management linked to KI.

For the funds managed by KI, both the returns and capital may be utilised; they are also formally reported via KI’s annual report. The foundations, on the other hand, are separate legal entities that produce their own annual reports and only their returns are entered into KI’s accounts as external contributions. However, a summary is given below in respect of the foundations in order to provide a complete picture of KI’s endowment capital funding, irrespective of legal form.

Investment rules KI’s investment rules dictate the classes of asset in which fund and foundation capital may be invested, and how the composition of the fund portfolios shall be allocated between these different classes.

KI’s mission is to contribute to the improvement of human health. KI’s placement policy therefore forbids investment in securities issued by companies engaged in activities that clearly conflict with KI’s mission. Examples of such companies are those whose main business is in the manufacture or sale of arms and other war munitions, tobacco products or alcoholic drinks. Investments are also forbidden in funds that invest primarily in the above industries.

Funds

Performance of fund assets in 2010The market capitalisation of equity and fixed-income funds, as stated under KI’s asset management, stood at SEK 268.2 million at year-end. 62.1 per cent of the securities portfolio’s assets were invested in equities in Sweden, Europe and the USA, with the remaining 37.9 per cent being invested in Swedish fixed-income securities. Equity funds were sold at a book value of SEK 44.1 million during the year, of which SEK 25.4 million was reinvested in Swedish equity funds. Fixed-income securities were sold at a book value of SEK 40.1 million, and SEK 35.8 was reinvested in Swedish fixed-income securities.

The equity portfolio performed well in 2010, and previous write-downs of the book value were re-entered. The market

capitalisation of the securities portfolio exceeded its book value by 3.6 per cent at year-end.

The market capitalisation of the securities portfolio can be divided into the following types of security:

Return on investmentThe securities portfolio generated returns of 1.9 per cent in 2010, which was 2.2 percentage points below the benchmark index.

The benchmark indices for asset management as a whole in 2010 were as follows:

Return in relation to benchmark index, %

2007 2008 2009 2010

KI’s funds 2.0 -13.8 14.9 1.9

Benchmark index 2.6 -13.5 13.3 4.1

Returns are quoted net (i.e. including dividends and less management costs), while the equity index is quoted inclusive of reinvested dividends.

Market capitalisation of securities portfolio, SEK m.

2007 2208 2009 2010

Funds 381 264 290 268

Asset management

Interest rate index Equity index

40% OMRX Bond 60% MSCI World Net

North American equities 18,2%

European equities 27,5%

Swedish equities 16,4%

Fixed income securities 37,9%

Breakdown of the securities portfolio at 31 December 2010

ASSET MAnAGEMEnT


EndowmentsNew endowments of SEK 91.1 million (92.7) were received in 2010. The list below shows individual endowments in excess of SEK 1 million.

Foundations

A total of 235 associated foundations produce accounts and annual reports separately from the KI authority. No new foun-dations were established in 2010. New endowments totalling SEK 15.7 million were placed in existing foundations. Total assets increased by SEK 13 million (1.1 per cent) over the past year after allocations and including new endowments. At year-end, foundation assets comprised 19 per cent (14) Swedish equities, 55 per cent (53) foreign shares, 19 per cent (26) fixed-income securities, and 7 per cent (7) liquid assets. KI was allocated SEK 68.0 million during the year from the foundations. It is the individual function of each foundation that determines the purpose and nature of the grant. KI also received remuneration of SEK 1,066,000 to cover administrative costs related to foundations with associated management.

Allocations from KI’s fundsInternal allocations amounted to SEK 53.5 million in 2010. The funds were distributed as follows:

Asset management, SEK million

2007 2008 2009 2010REvEnUE


Grants 21.1 66.0 19.5 22.4


Total revenue 43.3 102.9 26.7 50.5

COSTS

Internal funds* 88.9 63.1 57.0 53.5

Staff 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3


Financial costs 0.0 48.5 -32.8 -0.1

Total costs 89.2 112.2 24.9 54.0

TRAnSFERS

Other funding 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8

Contributions -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8

CHAnGE In CAPITAl

For the year -45.9 -9.3 1.8 -3.6

Brought forward 90.0 44.1 34.8 36.6

Total 44.1 34.8 36.6 33.0

*Allocated within KI.

Financial revenue and costs, SEK million

2007 2008 2009 2010


Financial costs 0.0 48.5 -32.8 -0.1

net 22.2 -11.6 40.0 12.1

Allocations from KI’s funds, SEK million

2007 2008 2009 2010

Research grants 85.5 38.4 35.6 32.0

Travel allowances 1.7 0.0 0.6 0.6

Bachelor’s/Master’s edu. 1.3 4.7 0.8 0.9

Other 0.4 20.0 20.0 20.0

Total 88.9 63.1 57.0 53.5

Foundations, SEK million

2007 2008 2009 2010

Assets 1,408 1,098 1,231 1,244

Grants awarded 66.0* 77.7* 79.9 68.0

* Subject to a deduction of higher-education rated VAT of 8%, which KI pays to the tax authorities. This VAT category was abolished in 2009.

Purpose Donor Sum, SEK millionLife Gene – national health study

AFA Försäkring20.0

Mission: Combat stroke Heart & Lung Foundation20.0

Osher Centre for Integrative Medicine

Barbro and Bernhard Osher 13.7

Gender medicine research Paul Lederhausen 10.0Professorship in clinical treatment research

Meda AB7.0

Cognitive neuroscience Stichting af Jochnick Foundation 5.0

Spinal cord research Friends of KI 1.2Mission: Combat stroke Friends of KI 1.2Post-doc support Friends of KI 0.2Haematology research Dr Åke Olsson Foundation 2.0Medical research and education

R & R Juhlin Foundation1.2

Medical research Alex and Eva Wallström Foundation 1.1

Mission: Combat stroke Swedish Order of St John 1.0

comprise the cost relating to the write-up of the book value of the equities funds (SEK -3.9 million – a negative sum because the expense account is used for both write-downs and write-ups) and exchange losses on the sale of securities (SEK 3.8 million).

ASSET MAnAGEMEnT


Financial report

Revenue, SEK millions

2007 2008 2009 2010

Education and research funding 1,446 1,509 1,535 1,765

Clinical education and research funding 532 541 550 570

Total funding 1,978 2,050 2,085 2,335

External funding, fees and grants 2,106 2,311 2,770 2,888

Financial 82 115 25 29

Total external funding 2,188 2,426 2,795 2,918

Total revenue 4,166 4,476 4,880 5,253

Funding/Total revenue 47% 46% 43% 44%

External funding/Total revenue 53% 54% 57% 56%

Karolinska Institutet’s turnover for 2010 was SEK 5,253 million. A positive change in capital of SEK 254.5 million was reported for the financial year. SEK –4.3 million of KI’s earnings is attri-butable to KI’s subsidiary Karolinska Institutet Holding AB.

Revenue

Karolinska Institutet’s operating revenue rose by 7.6 per cent compared with 2009. During the period 2007–2010, the total increase in operating revenue was SEK 1,087 million or 26.1 per cent.

Direct Government fundingThe increase in funding (excluding funding for medical training and research regulated in the so called ALF agreement) for the year was SEK 230 million, or 15 per cent compared with 2009. Direct Government funding for first-cycle/Bachelor’s and second-cycle/Master’s education made available to KI, in accor-dance with the 2010 public service agreement, was reduced through a funding saving for 2010 of SEK 65.7 million – see also Note 1. In all, KI had SEK 71.8 million in funding savings included in the 2009 amount. Of this, SEK 9.9 million must be repaid to the Swedish National Debt Office, since the authority must only have a total funding saving of 10 per cent of the year’s allocated funding cap. The shortfall is due primarily to the ef-fects of KI having lost the right to issue the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing for three terms in December 2008, com-bined with the temporarily increased funding cap in relation to additional places.

The significant increase in funding is within research and third-cycle/Doctoral education, SEK 255.5 million. KI was extremely successful in the national allocation of funding

for initiatives in strategic research areas, and did well in the Government’s new allocation model for Government funding, which is based on external funding and bibliometrics.

Collaboration within the framework of the medical training and research agreement is reported on in a separate section.

External funding, fees and grantsDuring 2010, external funding, fees and grants rose by SEK 118 million – 4.2 per cent compared with 2009. In 2010, external funding accounted for 55 per cent of total revenue. The propor-tion of external funding in 2009 was 56.7 per cent. The largest proportion of external revenue in 2009 related mainly to taking over operations from Stockholm County Council, invoiced retroactive pension expenses and funding received in the form of grants via the Swedish Legal, Financial and Administrative Services Agency, which were received as funding from 2010 on-wards. The increase for 2010 is largely attributable to previously levied indirect costs at departmental level being taken up as revenue.

Financial revenueFinancial revenue stood at SEK 29 million for 2010. The main items under revenue are SEK 14.0 million (SEK 14.6 million) in interest revenue from the Swedish National Debt Office and SEK 10.6 million (SEK 5.6 million) in capital gain on the disposal of financial assets. The annual average interest rate on the interest account for 2010 was 0.50 per cent (0.68 per cent).

Results divided up between Bachelor’s and Master’s educa-tion, research and Doctoral education, together with asset management, are reported on in separate sections.The table below shows the change in revenue over the last four years.

FInAnCIAl REPORT


Financing structureRevenue is divided up by financing category in the above diagram.

Costs

The increase in costs in 2010 was approximately 5.5 per cent compared with the previous year. Costs have remained more or less unchanged across all categories over the past four years.

StaffStaff costs increased by SEK 111 million or 4.4 per cent in 2010 compared with the previous year. In October 2010, KI employed 4,558 people, an increase of 112 people compared with the same period in 2009. For the last three months of the year, a salary review has been entered into the books with an estimated average increase of two per cent.

PremisesKI’s premises portfolio grew during the year by approximately 6,500 m² due to factors such as new premises (approximately

4,100 m²) being rented for the Science for Life Laboratory (SciLife Lab). Premises and operations were also transferred from the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control (SMI) to KI. Premises for the Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology (MTC), which took over these operations, increased by approximately 2,000 m².

Other operationsOther operational costs rose by SEK 104 million or 6.7 per cent compared with 2009. This increase relates to other expanded operations, and is in relation to other costs that remained con-stant over the years.

FinancialThe financial costs for 2010 of SEK 7.6 million consist primarily of SEK 3.7 million in currency exchange losses, SEK 3.8 million in exchange losses on the sale of securities, SEK –3.9 million in appreciation of the book value of financial securities, and SEK 1.4 million in interest on pension costs. Another factor was inte-rest on Swedish National Debt Office loans of SEK 1.8 million.

Direct Government funding 45% (43%)

Financial revenue 1% (0%)

Municipalities & county councils 11% (12%)

Foreign companies 1% (2%)

Swedish companies 4% (5%)

Foreign foundations & organisations 8% (8%)

Swedish foundations & organisations 13% (13%)

Other government agencies 6% (7%)

Research councils 11% (10%)

Karolinska Institutet’s revenue for 2010. SEK 5,253 million in total (2009, SEK 4,880 million)

Cost trend, SEK millions

2007 % 2008 % 2009 % 2010 %

Staff 2,101 51 2,190 51 2,495 53 2,606 52

Premises 488 12 503 12 553 12 565 11

Other operations 1,361 33 1,424 33 1,555 33 1,659 33

Depreciation 137 3 141 3 144 3 158 3

Financial 13 0 67 2 -13 0 8 0

Total costs 4,100 100 4,325 100 4,734 100 4,994 100

FInAnCIAl REPORT


Outcome compared with forecast

Comments on the differences between outcome and forecast

RevenueAs a result of a greater shortfall than anticipated at the time of making the forecast in the six-month accounts, KI had to reduce Bachelor’s education funding by more than had been expected,

hence the discrepancy in the item Government funding. In terms of revenue from fees and grants, the difference in revenue is mainly affected by the external projects taken up as revenue. The financial revenue difference is explained mainly by the fixed revenue funds sold in December at a capital gain.

CostsIn comparison with the forecast in the six-month accounts for 2010, there are differences in the following items: staff (SEK –44

Change in capital by area, SEK millions

ActivityBalanced change

in capital (A)Change in capital

for the year (B)Total

(A+B)


Education in accordance with public service agreement

129,546 -6,548 122,998

Contract operations 8,396 5,134 13,530

Total 137,942 -1,414 136,528

Research/Doctoral education

Third-cycle education and research 497,052 262,328 759,380

Contract research 55,802 -2,098 53,704

Total 552,854 260,230 813,084

The change in capital for the year was SEK +254.5 million, which breaks down as follows:

The significant positive change in capital relates mostly to research and education at Doctoral level. During 2010, direct Government investment in research and education at third-cycle level rose by SEK 255.5 million compared with 2009. KI’s roadmap for research, which will be financed by a number of sources including the additional funds invested by the govern-ment from 2009 to 2012, picked up speed during the latter part of 2010. As mentioned previously, funding for this purpose will

be utilised with a certain time lag. This is an important explana-tion for the positive change in capital of SEK 211.2 million in research operations financed by funding, which accounts for around 83 per cent of the change in capital for the year.

External grant-financed and contract-financed projects that are not ongoing are taken up as revenue during the year. In 2010, this had a positive impact on the change in capital of SEK 81.2 million.

The largest individual item, SEK –24.8 million, which affects the negative change in capital for joint KI operations, is the booked funding saving due to the shortfall in Bachelor’s and Master’s education.

Change in capital by area (excluding revenue collection and subsidiaries)Change in capital by area in accordance with the public service agreement is reported below.

Departments 280.8

Joint KI operations -18.4

Asset management -3.6

Subsidiaries -4.3

Change in capital for the year 254.5

Change in capital

FInAnCIAl REPORT


Advances, ongoing work and liquid assets, SEK millions

2007 2008 2009 2010

Advances grants/contracts 1,844 1,991 2,363 2,586

Accrued grants/contracts -128 -163 -174 -220

net advances 1,716 1,828 2,189 2,366

Liquid assets, bank & Nat. Debt Office 1,665 2,193 2,550 3,064

Revenue statement 2010 (SEK millions)

Outcome Forecast Difference

REvEnUE

Direct Goverment funding 2,335 2,361

External funding, fees and grants 2,888 2,830

Financial 29 24

Total 5,253 5,215 38

COSTS

Staff 2,606 2,650

Premises 565 561

Operation 1,659 1,713

Financial 8 15

Depreciation 158 156

Total 4,994 5,095 -101

Change in capital for the year 259 120 139

million), premises (SEK +4 million), other operating costs (SEK –54 million) and financial costs (SEK –7 million). The significant differences in terms of staff and other operating costs can be linked to a delay in starting up research activities.

Advances from external sources of funding and liquid assetsAdvances relate to non-accrued costs for grant-financed and contract-financed activities where remuneration is paid in advance. The increase in advances for the year is due mainly to increased unused grant funding. Donations of approximately SEK 45 million were received late in the year, and have been entered in their entirety as advances.

Accrued grants/contracts relates to accrued costs for grant-

financed and contract-financed activities, where remuneration is received afterwards and where agreements/contracts exist to confirm this.

The table shows the trend for advances from grants/cont-racts, reduced by ongoing work which is invoiced/ordered afterwards and liquid assets.

Administrative capitalThe accumulated administrative capital including change in capital for the year is SEK 1,078.8 million, divided up as follows: subsidiaries SEK 129.5 million, asset management SEK 33.0 million, and ordinary operations SEK 916.3 million.

See also Notes 11 and 25.

FInAnCIAl REPORT


Outcome Result

01/01/2010 01/01/2009

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Revenue from operations

Revenue from direct Government funding (Note 1) 2,335,458 2,085,190

Revenue from fees and other remuneration (Note 2) 780,648 835,166

Revenue from grants (Note 3) 2,107,775 1,934,388

Financial revenue (Note 4) 29,175 24,886

Total revenue 5,253,056 4,879,630

Operational costs

Staff costs (Note 5) -2,605,695 -2,495,267

Premises costs (Note 6) -564,529 -552,648

Other operating costs (Note 7) -1,658,896 -1,555,421

Financial costs (Note 8) -7,617 -13,339

Depreciation/amortisation and impairments (Notes 12-14) -157,502 -144,025

Total costs -4,994,240 -4,734,022

Operational outcome 258,816 145,608

Results from participations in subsidiaries

and associated companies -4,304 3,320

Revenue collection operations (note 9)

Revenue from fees etc. and other revenue not at the disposal of the authority 1,882 2,164

Funding credited to the Government budget from revenue collection operations -1,881 -2,142

Balance 1 22

Transfers (note 10)

Funding received from the Government budget for financing grants 10,449 4,178

Funding received from authorities for financing grants 20,851 26,795

Other funding received for financing grants 35,480 19,970

Contributions paid -66,781 -50,943

Balance 0 0

CHAnGE In CAPITAl FOR THE yEAR (note 11) 254,513 148,950

Revenue statement (SEK thousands)

FInAnCIAl REPORT


ASSETS 31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Intangible fixed assets (note 12)

Capitalised expenditure for development 5,167 8,524

Rights and other intangible fixed assets 3,898 4,591

Total intangible fixed assets 9,065 13,115

Tangible fixed assets

Improvement expenditure on property owned by others (Note 13) 71,438 68,838

Machinery, equipment, fixtures and fittings, etc. (Note 14) 593,315 507,001

Fixed assets under construction (Note 15) 19,557 18,727

Total tangible fixed assets 684,310 594,567

Financial fixed assets

Participations in subsidiaries and associated companies (Note 16) 129,300 121,676

Other investments held as fixed assets (Note 17) 258,808 276,934

Total financial fixed assets 388,109 398,610

Receivables

Accounts receivable 136,862 132,344

Receivables from other authorities (Note 18) 82,945 84,264

Other receivables (Note 19) 25,646 839

Total receivables 245,454 217,447

Cut-off items

Prepaid expenses (Note 20) 115,672 121,374

Accrued revenue from grants (Note 21) 215,211 167,936

Other accrued revenue (Note 22) 7,927 48,611

Total cut-off items 338,810 337,920

Settlement with the Government

Settlement with the Government (Note 23) -72,121 -6,376

Total settlement with the Government -72,121 -6,376

Cash and bank

Balance of Swedish National Debt Office interest account (Note 24) 2,941,510 2,444,482

Cash, postgiro and bank 122,780 105,715

Total cash and bank 3,064,291 2,550,198

TOTAl ASSETS 4,657,917 4,105,481

Balance sheet (SEK thousands)

FInAnCIAl REPORT


CAPITAl AnD lIABIlITIES 31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Administrative capital (notes 11+25)

Government capital 5,238 5,238

Profit participation in subsidiaries and associated companies 128,604 113,357

Balanced change in capital 690,486 544,855

Change in capital according to the revenue statement 254,513 148,950

Total administrative capital 1,078,841 812,400

Provisions

Provisions for pensions and similar obligations (Note 26) 14,694 7,807

Other provisions (Note 27) 35,544 2,000

Total provisions 49,238 9,807

liabilities etc.

Swedish National Debt Office loans (Note 28) 376,343 348,716

Liabilities to other authorities 104,699 95,607

Accounts payable (Note 29) 192,867 175,378

Other liabilities 119,852 144,145

Total liabilities, etc. 793,761 763,846

Cut-off items

Accrued expenses (Note 30) 140,971 146,280

Unused grants (Note 31) 2,224,390 2,030,413

Other prepaid revenue (Note 32) 370,716 342,734

Total cut-off items 2,736,077 2,519,427

TOTAl CAPITAl AnD lIABIlITIES 4,657,917 4,105,481

Contingent liabilities none none

Balance sheet (SEK thousands)

FInAnCIAl REPORT


Opening transfer amount

Allocation for the year in

acc. with public service

agreement

Re-allocated

amount

Total available amount Expenditure

Closing transfer amount

16.2:15 Bachelor’s and Master’s education(framework)

16.2:15 1 Funding cap 6,006 608,969 4,279 619,254 548,094 71,160

16.2:15 2 The Government’s allocation* 0 4,279 -4,279 0 0 0

16.2:15 3 Dental care centre 0 87,305 0 87,305 87,305 0

16.2:15 4 Tests after physicians’ internships 0 4,418 0 4,418 4,418 0

Total 6,006 704,971 0 710,977 639,817 71,160

16.2:16 Research and Doctoral education (framework)

16.2:16 2 Basic resource 0 1,131,761 0 1,131,761 1,131,761 0

16.2:56 Remuneration for clinical education and research

16.2:56 6 Karolinska Institutet 0 562,748 0 562,748 562,748 0

16.2:56 9 Task of developing clinical education and research 0 5,904 0 5,904 5,904 0

16.2:56 10 The Government’s allocation 112 6,201 0 6,313 5,677 636

Total 112 574,853 0 574,965 574,329 636

Total 6,118 2,411,585 0 2,417,703 2,345,907 71,796

*In accordance with the public service agreement amendment of 06/05/2010.There is a discrepancy with the Government report in the information system for Swedish government and Swedish authorities, Hermes. Here, there is an entry of SEK 4,279,000 as opening transfer amount, but the funding was allocated to KI during 2010 within the funding cap.The opening transfer amount has therefore been redefined in relation to the interim report to the year’s allocation in accordance with the public service agreement.

Accounting against revenue headings

Revenue heading Revenue

2,542,001 Patient fees for dentistry education 1,881

239,401 Interest revenue 0

Total 1,881

Grants

Accounting against funding and revenue headings (SEK thousands)

Activity

Surplus/deficit until

2008

Surplus/deficit until

2009 Budget Outcome Budget Outcome

Surplus/deficit

2010

Closing surplus/

deficit 2010

Dental care centre

Patient fees -333 -310 2,200 1,882 2,200 1,881 1 -309

Chargeable activities where revenue is not at KI’s disposal

Revenue 2010 Costs 2010

FInAnCIAl REPORT


This annual report has been prepared in accordance with the Swedish Annual Reports and Budget Documentation Ordinance (2000:605). Karolinska Institutet follows generally accepted accounting principles in accordance with the Swedish National Financial Management Authority’s general advice on § 6 of the Swedish Bookkeeping Ordinance (2000:606).

Revenue and costs are periodised in accordance with the accruals concept. In terms of cut-off items, amounts exceeding SEK 10,000 are entered in the books.

The write-off against equity amount has been raised from SEK 10,000 to SEK 20,000 with effect from 1 January 2010.

Valuation of receivables and liabilitiesReceivables have been entered at the amount which, after indivi-dual examination, is expected to be paid. In those cases where invoices or equivalent have been received after the set cut-off date (10/01/2011) or where the amount of the receivable or lia-bility was not known exactly when the accounts were produced, these amounts are reported as cut-off items. Foreign currency receivables and liabilities have been valued at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date.

Valuation of bank balances in foreign currenciesForeign currency bank account balances have been valued at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date.

DonationsThe acquisition value of a donation is valued at the market value at the time of acquisition. In the case of bequeathed gifts, the time of acquisition is deemed to be the distribution of the estate.

Valuation of intangible fixed assetsIntangible fixed assets are assets developed by KI which are intended to increase KI’s administrative service potential. The financial lifetime shall be at least three years, and the acquisition value shall be at least SEK 20,000. The acquisition value includes both external purchases and KI’s own direct costs. Installations are depreciated linearly at a maximum of five years from the month of acquisition.

Valuation of tangible fixed assetsAssets, excluding computers, which are intended for perma-nent use with an acquisition value of at least SEK 20,000 and an estimated financial lifetime of three years or longer are defined as fixed assets. Computers with an acquisition value of up to SEK 30,000 are reported as expenses immediately when the estimated financial lifetime is less than three years.

Objects which constitute a functioning unit with a combined acquisition value of SEK 20,000 or more are classified as fixed assets. These assets are reported at their acquisition value less

accumulated depreciation according to plan. Fixed assets are depreciated linearly over the assessed financial lifetime. Depre-ciation times for machinery, equipment, fixtures and fittings, etc. are applied according to estimated lifetimes of three years, five years or ten years. Improvement expenditure on property owned by others totalling SEK 20,000 or more are entered in the balance sheet on an ongoing basis, and are written off over ten years. Assets are written off from the month of acquisition onwards.

Financial fixed assetsBonds: On purchase, the purchase sum is entered in the balance sheet as a financial asset. On selling, the financial assets are reduced by the book value and any difference is entered in the balance sheets as a capital gain or a capital loss.

Shares/participations: On purchase, the purchase sum is entered in the balance sheet as a financial asset. On selling, the financial assets are reduced by the book value and the difference is entered in the balance sheets as a capital gain or a capital loss.

Depreciation and appreciation: If the total market value of the portfolio is considerably less than the book value and it is not certain whether this decrease is permanent, depreciation is applied. Depreciation is entered by reducing financial assets in the balance sheet against an increase in financial costs in the revenue statement. Depreciation is reversed by decreasing or increasing financial costs when the market value rises.

Externally financed operationsWhen periodising grants or fees, the revenue for the period is determined by the costs for the period. Surplus grant revenue or fee revenue is periodised as unused grants/fees or other prepaid revenue.

Unused revenue that is not grants or fees is taken up as reve-nue against the change in capital for the year.

For projects where payment is received afterwards and where this is confirmed by an agreement/contract, the costs are periodised against other accrued revenue (in the case of fee financing) or as accrued grant revenue (in the case of grant financing). If there is no agreement/contract, the costs are taken up as revenue and affect the change in capital for the year.

KI Holding ABOn 1 January 1998, Karolinska Institutet took over the admini-stration of Karolinska Institutet Holding AB from the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. In the annual report, details of par-

Accounting principles

FInAnCIAl REPORT


ticipations in subsidiaries are reported as share in earnings in accordance with the equity method. The holding is reported in the balance sheet under the items Participations in subsidiaries, Government capital and Profit participation in subsidiaries.

TransfersKI has dispensation from the National Financial Management Authority to report costs for scholarships in the operations section instead of in the transfers section. However, in the Government’s group information system, Hermes, these costs are reported – together with their financing – in the transfers section. The information in the annual report therefore differs from the information in Hermes.

Exemption from certain provisions for universities and university colleges in accor-dance with the public service agreement Higher education institutions (HEIs) are granted exemption from the provision on settlement of funding in accordance with §§ 5 and 16 of the Swedish Appropriation Ordinance (1996:1189). Settlement against funding and funding items for funds paid out to the educational institution’s Swedish National Debt Office interest account shall take place in connection with the monthly payments to the relevant educational institution’s Swedish National Debt Office interest account.

HEIs are granted exemption from § 11 of the Swedish Appropriation Ordinance (1996:1189) in such a way that the educational institution may transfer both surplus production and unused funding caps (funding saving) to a maximum value of ten percent of the funding cap to the subsequent budget year, without specifically requesting the Government’s consent.

HEIs are granted exemption from the provisions of chapter 2, § 4, paragraph three of the Swedish Annual Reports and Budget Documentation Ordinance (2000:605) that the annual report must include an account of significant information. HEIs must instead provide information in accordance with Appendix 43.

HEIs are granted exemption from the provisions of chapter 2, § 4 of the Swedish Annual Reports and Budget Documen-tation Ordinance (2000:605) to produce and submit to the Government a funds statement in the annual report.

InformationDuring 2010, the invoicing principle was changed in relation to salaries to Stockholm County Council. These were previously invoiced as revenue from fees in contract operations. From 2010 onwards, these salaries are invoiced as other remuneration in those operations where salaries are account coded, which is mostly in grant-financed research.

In accordance with the Swedish National Financial Manage-

ment Authority’s guidance on multi-financed operations (ESV 2006:28), all sources of financing should be used in parallel. One of the reasons for this is to give an accurate picture of how the resources are used. KI has significant sources of external financing, particularly for grant-financed research, where funding has been applied for and granted for research within a specific subject. Granted funding is subject to conditions in accordance with agreements, and must be used in accordance with the plan decided on in the agreement. Grant funding received is not directly linked to performance, but is linked to the costs researchers applied for in order to carry out research within a specific subject. Against this background, KI does not fully apply parallel consumption since grants are usually granted for specific costs and not for performance.

Since there was uncertainty at the time of accounting year-end regarding when designated funding for skills exchange and skills development initiatives would be paid, it was decided for 2010 to report this funding as a provision instead of as an accrued cost – see Notes 27 and 30.

FInAnCIAl REPORT


2010

Used funding cap and any used funding saving for Bachelor’s and Master’s education

1a. Full-time students and annual performance equivalents during 2010 within the 2010 funding cap in accordance with table 2 545,689

1b. Any December performances from 2009 included within the funding cap 2,405

2a. Any use of funding saving arising during previous budget years, or

2b. any use of previous surplus production

Total 548,094

Funding charge for the year for special undertakings 91,723

Total revenue for Bachelor’s and Master’s education 639,817

Remuneration for annual performance equivalents for December 2009 (total amount dependent on whether or not this is included within the ordinary funding cap)

not previously reimbursed within the funding cap SEK 2,405,000 .

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Bachelor’s and Master’s education 639,817 626,861

Research and Doctoral education 1,125,630 908,640

Remuneration for clinical education and research 570,011 549,689

2,335,458 2,085,190

Note 1. Revenue from funding

Table 1aRevenue for Bachelor’s and Master’s education (SEK thousands)

notes (SEK thousands)

2010

Used funding cap and any used funding saving for Bachelor’s and Master’s education

1a. Full-time students and annual performance equivalents during 2010 within the 2010 funding cap n accordance with table 2 5,674

1b. Any December performances from 2009 included within the funding cap 4

2a. Any use of funding saving arising during previous budget years, or

2b. any use of previous surplus production

Total 5,677

Funding charge for the year for special undertakings

Total revenue for Bachelor’s and Master’s education 5,677

Remuneration for annual performance equivalents for December 2009 (total amount dependent on whether or not this is included within the ordinary funding cap)

not previously reimbursed within the funding cap SEK 4,000 .

Table 1bRevenue for Bachelor’s and Master’s education – ”additional funding” (SEK thousands)

nOTES


Table 2a Report of the number of full-time equivalents students (FTE) and annual performance equivalents (APE),

and report of revenue on Bachelor’s and Master’s education funding.

Outcome in relation to the period 01/01/2010 to 31/12/2010

AOutcome

FTE 1)

BOutcome

APE 1)

CFTE remun.

(SEK thousands)

DAPE remun.

(SEK thousands)

IOutcome totalremuneration

C+D

JFunding cap according to

public service agreement

(SEK thousands)

EDUCATIOnAREA

Humanities 35 27 745 506 1,251Social sciences 563 510 12,149 9,645 21,794Natural sciences 466 431 23,071 18,012 41,083Technology 120 110 5,960 4,588 10,548Care 1,519 1,441 80,011 65,700 145,711Odontology 414 366 18,042 18,581 36,623Medicine 2,336 2,113 137,447 151,231 288,678

Total 5,453 4,997 277,424 268,265 545,689 613,248

The report shows that the educational institution exceeds the funding cap by SEK 0 .The report shows that the educational institution is below the funding cap by SEK 67,559,000 .

Comments on the table1.Excluding education for other universities, contract education, specific education for teaching staff in professional subjects, other specific teaching staff education and projects for immigrant academics.

Table 2b Report of the number of full-time equivalents students (FTE) and annual performance equivalents (APE),

and report of revenue on Bachelor’s and Master’s education funding – “additional grants”.

Outcome in relation to the period 01/01/2010 to 31/12/2010

AOutcome

FTE 1)

BOutcome

APE 1)

CFTE remun.

(SEK thousands)

DAPE remun.

(SEK thousands)

IOutcome totalremuneration

C+D

JFunding cap according to

public service agreement

(SEK thousand)

EDUCATIOnAREA

HumanitiesSocial sciences 11 10 239 192 431Natural sciences

Technology 0

Care 52 38 2,750 1,711 4,461OdontologyMedicine 7 5 416 366 782

Total 70 53 3,405 2,269 5,674 6,201

The report shows that the educational institution exceeds the funding cap by SEK 0 .The report shows that the educational institution is below the funding cap by SEK 527,000 .

Comments on the table1 Excluding education for other universities, contract education, specific education for teaching staff in professional subjects, other specific teaching staff education and projects for immigrant academics.

nOTES


A. Available funds (including agreed additional budget) Funding cap for the year (SEK thousands) 613,248

+ any included funding saving (SEK thousands) 6,006 Total (A) 619,254

B. Total outcome for Bachelor’s and Master’s education

Remuneration for APEs from December in the previous budget year 2,405

Outcome for the year: remuneration for FTEs+APEs (SEK thousands) 545,689

+ any use of previous surplus production (SEK thousands)

Total (B) 1 548,094 Total (A-B) 2 71,1601 The total remuneration for which the educational institution carries out production, i.e. regardless of whether it is included within allocated funding (A).2 If the total is positive, it should be inserted into the table of funding saving below. If, instead, the total is negative, the amount should be inserted into the table of

saved surplus production below.

Funding saving

Total closing funding saving on the funding for Bachelor’s and Master’s education (A-B) 71,160

- any funding saving above 10% of the funding cap 3 9,835

Total 61,3253 The portion of the funding saving that the educational institution may not retain without the Government’s approval.

Saved surplus production

Opening value of surplus production (SEK thousands) 4

- any use of previously saved APEs during 2010 (SEK thousands)

+ any saved APEs during 2010 (SEK thousands)

Total 0

- any amount exceeding 10% of the funding cap in 2010 (SEK thousands)

Closing value of saved APEs (SEK thousands) 5 0

4 Value of full-time students and annual performance equivalents divided by available funds. Can add up to a maximum of 10 per cent of the funding cap in 2009.5 Can add up to a maximum of 10 per cent of the funding cap in 2010.

Table 3aReport on Bachelor’s and Master’s education

nOTES


A. Available funds (including agreed additional budget) Funding cap for the year (SEK thousands) 6,201

+ any included funding saving (SEK thousands) 112 Total (A) 6,313

B. Total outcome for Bachelor’s and Master’s education

Remuneration for APEs from December in the previous budget year 4

Outcome for the year: remuneration for FTEs+APEs (SEK thousands) 5,674

+ any use of previous surplus production (SEK thousands)

Total (B) 1 5,677 Total (A-B) 2 6361 The total remuneration for which the educational institution carries out production, i.e. regardless of whether it is included within allocated funding (A).2 If the total is positive, it should be inserted into the table of funding saving below. If, instead, the total is negative, the amount should be inserted into the table of

saved surplus production below.

Funding saving

Total closing funding saving on the funding for Bachelor’s and Master’s level education (A-B) 636

- any funding saving above 10% of the funding cap 3 16

Total 6203 The portion of the funding saving that the educational institution may not retain without the Government’s approval.

Saved surplus production

Opening value of surplus production (SEK thousands) 4

- any use of previously saved APEs during 2010 (SEK thousands)

+ any saved APEs during 2010 (SEK thousands)

Total 0

- any amount exceeding 10% of the funding cap in 2010 (SEK thousands)

Closing value of saved APEs (SEK thousands) 5 0

4 Value of full-time students and annual performance equivalents divided by available funds. Can add up to a maximum of 10 per cent of the funding cap in 2009.5 Can add up to a maximum of 10 per cent of the funding cap in 2010.

Table 3bReport on Bachelor’s and Master’s education – ”additional funding”

nOTES


Activity

Surplus/deficit

until 2008

Surplus/deficit

2009Revenue

2010Costs 2010

Surplus/deficit 2010

Accumulated closing

surplus/deficit2010


Commissionededucation, vocational college, KY, etc. -327 -1,035 11,049 5,290 5,759 4,397

Contract education 3,067 6,691 51,334 51,959 -625 9,133

Education for students who are obliged to pay tuition fees 1,479 -1,479 -1,479

Sum 2,740 5,656 62,383 58,729 3,655 12,051

Doctoral education and research

Contract research 33,923 21,879 424,748 426,846 -2,098 53,704

Sum 33,923 21,879 424,748 426,846 -2,098 53,704

Activities where full cost coverage requirements do not apply

Swedish Scholastic Aptitude TestsLetting apartments 1

- exchange programmes and visiting researchers 0 0 242 242 0 0

Letting apartments 1

- Government Decision (U2010/4277/UH)Optician centre 90

Other activities in accor-dance with Appendix 41 2 36,258

Sum 36,590

1 Karolinska Institutet does not deal with the actual letting of accommodation for students within international exchange programmes and for visiting researchers, but

procures this as a service from University Accommodation Center AB (UAC), a wholly-owned company within KI Holding AB. See also the section entitled Collabora-

tion. KI paid a fee of SEK 3,000,000 for this during 2010. In addition, KI has had miscellaneous costs of SEK 92,000. Since letting takes place in this way, it is classified in

KI’s accounts as fee-financed activities. UAC deals with letting apartments to other students (in accordance with Government Decision U2010/4277/UH) to a marginal

extent. However, this is not carried out on behalf of KI. In addition, KI has let accommodation during 2010 for visiting researchers for a total of SEK 242,000. The cost is

assessed to be the same.2 During 2010, KI has rented out premises to external tenants for a total of SEK 36,258,000. See also the section entitled Premises for details of KI’s policy on such

rental. There is no separate cost accounting for this activity, but full cost coverage is taken as the starting point.

Chargeable activities where revenue is at KI’s disposal, SEK thousands

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Revenue from fees and remuneration in accordance with § 4 of the Swedish Fees Ordinance 55,848 69,811

Other revenue from fees and remuneration 724,800 765,355

780,648 835,166

Other revenue from fees and remuneration consists primarily of contract revenue.

note 2. Revenue from fees and other remuneration

nOTES


note 5. Staff costs

note 6. Premises costs

note 7. Other operating costs

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Salary costs excluding employer contributions, pension premiums and other statutory and contractual fees 1,642,611 1,534,104

Educational grants 63,639 63,203

Other staff costs 899,445 897,961

2,605,695 2,495,267

Staff costs increased by SEK 111 million or 4.4 per cent in 2010 compared with the previous year. In October 2010, KI employed 4,558 people, an increase of 112 people compared with the same period in 2009. For the last three months of the year, a salary review has been entered into the books with an estimated average increase of two per cent.

KI’s premises portfolio grew during the year by approximately 6,500 m² due primarily to new premises being rented for the Science for Life Laboratory and premises and operations being transferred from the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control to KI. See also the section entitled Premises in the revenue statement.

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Remuneration for clinical education and research (medical training and research agreement funding) 562,748 542,179

Scholarships 45,777 36,497

Other operating costs 1,050,372 976,745

1,658,896 1,555,421

KI has dispensation from the National Financial Management Authority to report costs for scholarships in the operations section instead of in the transfers section. However, in the Government’s group information system, Hermes, scholarships are reported in the transfers section. A more detailed report of medical training and research agreement funding and the county council’s research, development and education funding can be found in the section entitled Collaboration.

NOTES

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Interest on Swedish National Debt Office interest account 13,987 14,644

Other financial revenue 15,188 10,242

29,175 24,886

note 4. Financial revenue

The reduction in interest revenue is due mainly to a lower interest rate compared with 2009. The annual average interest rate on the interest account for 2010 was 0.50 per cent (0.68 per cent). The increase in other financial revenue has been mainly affected by the disposal of financial assets at SEK 10.6 million (SEK 5.6 million).

notes

note 3. Revenue from grants31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Revenue from grants from other authorities 795,694 726,677

Revenue from grants, non-Government 1,312,081 1,207,711

2,107,775 1,934,388

KI has dispensation from the National Financial Management Authority to report costs for scholarships in the operations section instead of in the transfers section. In the Government’s group information system, Hermes, financing of scholarships from revenue from grants in the transfers section is reported at SEK 45.8 million.

nOTES


note 11. Change in capital by business area

Closing balance31/12/2009

Allocationfor the year

Balanced change in capital

Change in capital for the

year Total

Bachelor’s and Master’s education 129,546 129,546 -6,548 122,998

- of which specific renovation funds 3,006 3,006 -626 2,380

Commissioned education -1,361 -1,361 5,759 4,397

Contract education 9,758 9,758 -625 9,133

Total education 137,942 137,942 -1,414 136,528

Research and Doctoral education 497,052 497,052 262,328 759,380

- of which specific renovation funds 12,026 12,026 -2,505 9,521

- of which donations 36,549 36,549 -3,566 32,983

- of which grants 245,586 245,586 57,168 302,754

Fee-financed research and Doctoral education 55,802 55,802 -2,098 53,704

Total research 552,854 552,854 260,230 813,084

Holding company 3,320 -3,320 -4,304 -4,304

Revenue collection operations -310 -310 1 -309

Total 693,806 -3,320 690,486 254,513 944,999

The significant positive change in capital relates mostly to research and Doctoral education. During 2010, direct Government invest-ment in research and Doctoral education rose by SEK 255.5 million compared with 2009. KI’s roadmap for research, which will be financed by a number of sources including the additional funds invested by the government from 2009 to 2012, picked up speed during the latter part of 2010. As mentioned previously, funding for this purpose will be utilised with a certain time lag. This is an important reason behind the positive change in capital of SEK 260.2 million in the research section. See also the explanation under the section entitled Financial report.

note 10. Transfers

KI has dispensation from the National Financial Management Authority to report costs for scholarships in the operations section instead of in the transfers section. In the Government’s group information system, Hermes, scholarships are reported in the transfers section at SEK 45.8 million, of which funding received from the authorities accounts for SEK 2.7 million. The increase in other funding received for financing grants is due partly to the fact that there is a larger proportion of joint projects between the educational institutions than before, and partly due to the fact that this funding was not transferred in previous years but was invoiced. The introduction of the Association of Swedish Higher Education model for indirect costs has clarified the effect of earlier error management.

note 9. Revenue collection operations

The balance relates to the net change in potential bad debt losses in the public treasury at the Institute of Odontology.

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Interest on Swedish National Debt Office loans 1,814 2,352

Other financial expenses 5,802 -15,691

7,617 -13,339

note 8. Financial costs

Other financial costs for 2010 of SEK 5.8 million consist primarily of SEK 3.7 million in currency exchange losses, SEK 3.8 million in exchange losses on the sale of securities, SEK –3.9 million in appreciation of the book value of financial securities, and SEK 1.4 million in interest on pension costs.

nOTES


note 14. Machinery, equipment, fixtures and fittings, etc.

Applied depreciation periods: 3 years, 5 years, 10 years 31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Opening acquisition value 1,770,730 1,684,204

Acquisitions for the year 226,291 118,438

Transfer from installations in progress 5,159 7,247

Minus acquisitions value of scrapped/sold equipment -92,610 -39,159

Closing acquisition value 1,909,570 1,770,730

Opening accumulated depreciation -1,263,729 -1,171,183

Minus accumulated depreciation for scrapped/sold equipment 90,409 38,879

Depreciation for the year -142,935 -131,425

Closing accumulated depreciation -1,316,255 -1,263,729

Book value 593,315 507,001

Sold/scrapped installations 2010 2009

Capital gain 27 150

Capital loss 2,277 2,105

NOTES

note 12. Intangible fixed assets

Applied depreciation periods: 5 years 31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Opening acquisition value 33,087 29,269


Closing acquisition value 34,355 33,087

Opening accumulated depreciation -19,972 -14,513


Closing accumulated depreciation -25,290 -19,972

Book value 9,065 13,115

note 13. Improvement expenditure on property owned by others

Applied depreciation periods: 10 years 31/12/2010 31/12/2009



Transfer from installations in progress 0 0

Minus acquisition value of scrapped/sold equipment -16,868 0

Closing acquisition value 102,570 107,275

Opening accumulated depreciation -38,436 -31,296

Minus accumulated depreciation for scrapped/sold equipment 16,553 0


Closing accumulated depreciation -31,132 -38,436

Book value 71,438 68,838

nOTES

note 15. Fixed assets under construction31/12/2010 31/12/2009



Transfer to assets account -5,159 -7,247

Accumulated acquisition value 19,557 18,727

Fixed assets under construction include improvements to KI’s campus areas. These projects run for several years, which is why the transfer to the assets account may be lower than the opening balance.


note 17. Other investments held as fixed assets (relates to asset management

Shares and participations 31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Book value 163,338 177,644

Market value 166,560 177,644

Bonds, etc.

Book value 95,470 99,290

Market value 101,642 112,486

The investment fund portfolio grew during 2010, and the market value exceeded the book value by 3.6 per cent at the year-end. All previous writedowns of the value of shares are reversed to the original book value. The reversal for the year is SEK 3.9 million. The book value of securities has changed over the course of the year as a result of the sale of benefits for distribution to core operations.

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Other receivables 25,646 839

note 19. Other receivables

Karolinska Institutet Holding AB (100%) 31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Nominal value 3,000 a SEK 100 each 300 300

Book value 129,300 121,676

note 16. Participations in subsidiaries and associated companies

According to the preliminary as yet unreported Revenue Statement and Balance Sheet for 2010, Karolinska Institutet Holding AB shows a loss of SEK 4.7 million (a profit of SEK 0.4 million in 2009). Net sales for the year total SEK 43 million (SEK 60 million). The preliminary balance sheet total for 2010 is SEK 146 million (SEK 140 million), with preliminary equity of SEK 129 million (SEK 117 million). The comparison figures in brackets relate to 2009. These are the adopted figures, and should not be compared with the 2008 Annual Report for KI which shows KI Holding AB’s preliminary results. For a more detailed description of Karolinska Institu-tet Holding AB, see the section entitled Collaboration.

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

VAT receivables 66,893 66,400

Other Government receivables 16,052 17,863

82,945 84,264

note 18. Receivables from other authorities

Share funds with a value of SEK 24.8 million were sold in December 2010, but the settlement was not received until January 2011.

note 20. Prepaid expenses31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Prepaid premises expenses 107,848 116,376

Other prepaid expenses 7,824 4,998

115,672 121,374

The method for debiting electricity costs was changed in October 2010. During 2009, electricity was invoiced in advance. However, with effect from quarter four of 2010, electricity costs are invoiced on reading. The electricity costs for quarter four have therefore been reported as an accrued cost at a value of SEK 9 million, and are reported in Note 30.

nOTES


note 23. Settlement with the Government31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Revenue collection

Opening balance -12,947 -10,896

Reported against revenue headings (-) -1,881 -2,142

Funds from interest account credited to revenue headings (+) 8 91

liabilities relating to revenue collection -14,820 -12,947

Funding in interest-bearing flows

Opening balance -6,118 -87

Reported against funding (+) 2,345,907 2,089,368

Funding credited to the interest account (-) -2,401,734 -2,095,399

Repayment of funding -9,851

liabilities related to funding in interest-bearing flows -71,796 -6,118

Other receivables/liabilities on the Government’s central account at Riksbanken

Opening balance 12,689 10,335

Deposits in non-interest-bearing flows (+) 2,489 2,496

Payments in non-interest-bearing flows (-) -683 -143

Claims on the Government’s central account at Riksbanken 14,495 12,689

Balance -72,121 -6,376

KI has reduced Bachelor’s education funding with a funding saving totalling SEK 71.8 million. The shortfall is due primarily to the effects of KI in December 2008 having lost the right to issue the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing for three terms, com-bined with the temporarily increased funding cap in relation to additional places. SEK 9.9 million must be repaid to the Swedish National Debt Office, as the authority may only have total funding saving of a maximum of 10 per cent of the year’s allocated funding cap – see also Note 1.

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Accrued revenue from grants, other Government authority 35,827 22,621

Accrued revenue from grants, non-Government 179,384 145,315

215,211 167,936

Here, accrued costs are reported for grant-financed activities where remuneration is received afterwards and where agreements/contracts exist to confirm this.

note 21. Accrued revenue from grants

note 22. Other accrued revenue31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Accrued contract revenue 4,379 5,946

Other accrued revenue 3,548 42,665

7,927 48,611

Under the item Accrued contract revenue, accrued costs are reported for contract-financed activities where remuneration is received afterwards and where agreements/contracts exist to confirm this. The change in Other accrued revenue is due mainly to funding from the European Research Council (ERC), totalling SEK 38 million, which was incorrectly headed as Accrued revenue during 2009.

nOTES


31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Opening provision 7,807 7,852

Pension costs for the year 8,445 1,146

Pension payments for the year -1,558 -1,191

Closing provision 14,694 7,807

note 26. Provisions for pensions

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Disposal of radiation source 2,000 2,000

Skills exchange and skills development initiatives 32,544 0

Closing provision 34,544 2,000

note 27. Other provisions

note 25. Administrative capital

Government capital

Profit partici-pation in

subsidiaries

Balanced change

in capital

Change in capital according to the

Swedish Financial Accounting

Standards Council

Total administrative

capital

Opening balance 5,238 113,357 544,855 148,950 812,400

Previous year’s allocation 3,320 145,631 -148,950 0

Corrected opening balance 5,238 116,676 690,486 0 812,400

Change in equity, subsidiary 11,928 11,928

From the National Public Art Council 0

Change in capital for the year 254,513 254,513

Closing balance sheet total 5,238 128,604 690,486 254,513 1,078,841

Change during the year 0 15,247 145,631 105,563 266,441

note 24. Swedish national Debt Office balance

31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Balance of Swedish National Debt Office interest account 2,941,510 2,444,482

Of which short-term liquidity needs 0 0

Granted, unused credit on Swedish National Debt Office interest accounts stands at SEK 153.8 million.

Change in capital by business area is detailed in Note 11.

The increased provisions for pensions for the year is due primarily to an increased number of people who have received partial pensions.

In 2010, a changed projection for booked accumulated funding for skills exchange and skills development initiatives was carried out, which is why the item was transferred to Other provisions from the balance sheet item Other accrued expenses. See also the comment for Note 30. The 2009 amount was SEK 28.8 million.

nOTES


note 32. Other prepaid revenue31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Prepaid contract revenue, other Government authority 9,574 10,028

Prepaid contract revenue, non-Government 303,460 289,822

Other prepaid revenue 57,682 42,885

370,716 342,734

The item Prepaid contract revenue includes liabilities in relation to non-accrued costs for contract-financed activities where remuneration is paid in advance.

note 28. Swedish national Debt Office loans31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Opening balance 348,716 351,984

New loans 119,191 79,280

Repayments for the year -91,564 -82,547

liabilities to the Swedish National Debt Office 376,343 348,716

Granted loan framework at the Swedish National Debt Office 435,000 415,000

note 29. Accounts payable

The increase in accounts payable of SEK 17.5 million is due mainly to increased operating costs.

note 30. Accrued expenses31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Accrued salaries 21,342 10,110

Holiday pay liabilities 82,703 82,438

Accrued expense to the National Government Employee Pensions Board for pension funds 20,522 20,522

Other accrued expenses 16,405 33,210

140,971 146,280

The Accrued expenses item includes salary review costs including salary cost increments for the period October-December of SEK 12.2 million. As a result of a changed projection for funding for skills exchange and skills development initiatives of SEK 32.5 million, this amount has been transferred to the balance sheet item Other provisions – see Note 27. The corresponding amount in 2009 was SEK 28.8 million.

note 31. Unused grants31/12/2010 31/12/2009

Unused grants, other Government authority 756,873 658,326

Unused grants, non-government 1,258,051 1,235,052

Donations 209,466 137,036

2,224,390 2,030,413

These liabilities relate to non-accrued costs for grant-financed activities where remuneration is paid in advance. The increase in advances for the year is due mainly to increased unused grant funding. Donations of approximately SEK 45 million were received late in the year, and have been entered in their entirety as advances.

nOTES


Remuneration paid to the Board of Karolinska Institutet in 2010 and details of other commissions.

The commissions listed are board memberships and council memberships for other Government authorities, as well as directorships of Swedish and foreign limited companies.

name Other commissions Salary/Fee SEK

Susanne Eberstein The Board of Governors of the Riksbank, member The National Swedish Police Board, memberVästernorrland Police Board, chair Swedish Commission for Security and Integration, member

104,0001

Harriet Wallberg-Henriksson Karolinska Institutet Holding AB, directorThe Swedish Legal, Financial and Administrative Services Agency’s risk management council, member The Board of Stockholm Science City Foundation, director Stockholm School of Entrepreneurship SSES, directorBiomedical Sciences International Advisory Council, Singapore, adviser Max Planck Senate, memberThe Transparency Council of Stockholm County Administrative Board, memberThe Danish Council for Research Policy

1,464,587

Jan Andersson, co-opted Centre for Translational Molecular Medicine, the Netherlands, scientific adviserThe Carnegie Foundation, scientific adviserThe Center for Molecular Medicine, directorThe Flemingsberg Science Foundation, member

989,874

Hans Bergström, until 30/04/2010

Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences and vice chair of its Section XI for Education and Research

9,335

Richard Bergström The Welfare Development Council, memberThe Commission for Cooperation within Clinical Research, memberThe Swedish Institute for Health Economics, subsidiary of Apoteket AB, directorThe Anti-Corruption Institute, directorWHO – Good Governance in Medicine, adviser

9,335

Eva Fernvall The National Council for Organ and Tissue Donations, Chairman of the Boarde-Health Institute, Linnæus University, Chairman of the BoardThe Swedish Institute for Health Economics, Chairman of the BoardIQ, subsidiary of the Swedish Alcohol Retail Monopoly, member

28,000

Eskil Franck,from 01/05/2010

Umeå School of Education at Umeå University, chair 18,665

The University Board

1

Of which 38,000 related to 2009 remuneration. In the annual report for 2009, the unpaid amount was incorrectly stated as 37,000 (66,000-28,000=37,000) but should have been 38,000.

THE UnIvERSITy BOARD


name Other commissions Salary/Fee SEK

Annika Andersson,from 01/05/2010

No other commissions 18,665

Chris Heister,until 30/04/2010

Praktikertjänst Geriatrik AB, directorThe Board of the Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth, Chairman of the Board

9,335

Klas Kärre Active Biotech AB, director 881,165

Torbjörn Rosdahl,from 04/02/2011

No other commissions -

Olle Stendahl,until 30/04/2010

The Board of the Swedish Research Council FOI, directorFriskolan Nya Munken AB, director

12,335

Lotta Widén Holmqvist No other commissions 691,420

Marie Wahren-Herlenius The Tore Nilsson Foundation, director 771,779

Håkan Åström,until 30/04/2010

Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Chairman of the Board until April 2010Orexo AB, Chairman of the Board Affibody Holding AB, Chairman of the Board Ferrosan Holding AS, Chairman of the Board (Denmark)Topotarget AS, Chairman of the Board (Denmark) until April 2010Tubulus RP Förvaltning AB, Chairman of the BoardRhenman & Partners Asset Management AB, director

9,335

Melissa Norström,until 31/12/2010


Erik Hagman,until 31/12/2010

Café och Restaurang Karolinska AB, Chairman of the Board 28,000

Turid Tidblom, Chair,until 31/12/2010


Isidor Braekke,from 01/01/2011

No other commissions -

Mattias Lindsäter,from 01/01/2011


Ola Nilsson,from 01/01/2011




Decision on the annual report and assessment of internal governance and control

The University Board hereby submits its annual report for 2010.

We confirm that the annual report provides a true and fair impression of the authority’s results, costs, revenue and financial position.

We also judge the authority’s internal governance and control to be satisfactory.

Stockholm, 21 February 2011

Susanne Eberstein, Chair

Harriet Wallberg-Henriksson, President

Annika Andersson

Richard Bergström

Isidor Braekke

Eva Fernvall

Eskil Franck

Klas Kärre

Mattias Lindsäter

Ola Nilsson

Torbjörn Rosdahl

Marie Wahren-Herlenius

Lotta Widén Holmqvist



In its annual report for 2009, KI wrote that development work had been initiated between the educational institutions with the aim of developing measurements to describe the “cost per performance” in accordance with the requirements of the Swe-dish Annual Reports and Budget Documentation Ordinance (2000:605).

This development work, which was carried out during 2010 by the planning managers at Sweden’s universities, was presen-ted at a conference with the Universities’ Reporting Council (part of the Association of Swedish Higher Education). Before that, a reconciliation process was carried out with representati-ves from the Ministry of Education and Research and the Na-tional Financial Management Authority. This work resulted in a proposal that the following measurements should be used to describe the “cost per performance” within the two main tasks.

Bachelor’s and Master’s educationCost per full-time student (excluding contract education and commissioned education)Cost per annual performance equivalent (excluding contract education and commissioned education)

Research and Doctoral educationCost per peer-reviewed scientific publication

These three measures are stated in total for the educational insti-tution, and – where appropriate – are also stated divided up by faculty area/scientific area (equivalent). The measures are stated per year during the last five-year period.

This means that the results of the work to find measures for costs per individual performance for the 2010 financial year have been concentrated on the main tasks of education and research. The information provided has been obtained exclu-sively from various reporting systems, which means that the information is reviewable. A performance relates to something that “leaves the university”. This means that it is possible to differentiate performances from factors that are requirements for these performances (and which are not, therefore, a separate performance) such as the number of professors or the number of students per member of teaching staff. Every educational institution is then unique in many different ways, which is why the information produced cannot be compared between different educational institutions and should only therefore be used to make comparisons over time for a single educational institution.

One prerequisite for the proposed measurements has been that the educational institutions’ accounting systems should be constructed so that revenue and expenses can be reported separately for each main task but not for the “cross-disciplinary

tasks” such as collaboration, internationalisation, quality work, etc.The joint work between the educational institutions to deve-

lop performance reporting will continue.

The results of the work to devise measurements that relate performance to costs – an expansion of the “Significant information” summaryAccording to the public service agreement for higher education institutions for 2010, significant information should be reported in accordance with Appendix 43 of the public service agreement. Here, the key performances at the educational institutions should be reported, together with information about staff and finances.

The results of the national development work with the aim of developing measurements to describe the “cost per performance” were that the Ministry of Education and Research decided to add the following to the “Significant information” summary:• costperfull-timestudent(excludingcontracteducationand commissioned education),• costperannualperformanceequivalent(excludingcontract education and commissioned education),• totalnumberofpeer-reviewedscientificpublications,• costperpeer-reviewedscientificpublication.

In other words, this was in accordance with the proposal presented. The measures relating to “cost per performance” are explained in greater detail below.

Definitions of performance measuresFull-time students and annual performance equivalents are the performances carried out during the year (excluding December performances from 2009), and are defined in accordance with the public service agreement. Costs relate to costs reported for the year within the operational area of funding-financed Bachelor’s and Master’s education. Costs also include grant-financed and funding-financed costs associated with the activity. However, as mentioned, contract education and commissioned education are not included.

It should be noted that full-time students and annual per-formance equivalents have been related to costs individually. It is not therefore possible to relate costs per full-time student and annual performance equivalent to the price tags used in the Government’s allocation of resources to the educational institutions. In this context, it should be noted that the costs are also included in the clinical sections of physician and speech therapist education (corresponding to the funding for medical training and research) and dentistry education (the dental care centre). The measurements of costs per full-time student and annual performance equivalent are deemed to be relatively

The work to devise measurements that relate performance to costs

MEASUREMEnT COST PER PERFORMAnCE


secure, as the constituent elements relate to the current year and are conventional.

In terms of the definition of cost per peer-reviewed scientific publication, the situation is more complex. The concept of cost includes all costs belonging to research and Doctoral education, including contract research. There is no separation of the actual course components in Doctoral education because they cannot be read from the report.

In the concept of scientific publication, KI has chosen to take articles and overview articles from its bibliometric database based on data from Thomson Reuters’ citation databases (Web of Science).

A position also needs to be taken on whether the absolute number of articles should be counted or whether an estimate should be made of how much of each article has been produ-ced by authors at the educational institution in question. One method for dividing up a publication with multiple authors is fractionation. There are two common methods for fractiona-tion: organisational fractionation and author fractionation.

However, there is not currently any standardised method, either nationally or internationally, for how to carry out fractionation. Nor are there any results that clearly show that the proportion of authorship in practice corresponds to the contribution towards a publication. For example, for medicine it would probably be more appropriate to take into consideration the author’s position in the list of authors, although this would not be useful in other fields.

In anticipation of an investigation into a national practice for fractionation and its applications, KI has therefore chosen to report the number of publications – unfractionated – under Significant information. In terms of publications, KI does not report any information for the most recent year (2010) since there is a delay in reporting.

The measurement “cost per peer-reviewed scientific publication” should be viewed with caution since there is no direct link be-tween the year’s costs and the same year’s published articles. The research work involved in an article may have taken many years.

In view of the above, this measurement should be regarded as an approximate value.

Finally, it should be emphasised that these performance mea-surements do not say anything about the quality of operations.

The development of the three measurements is commented on below.

The development of costs per full-time student, annual performance equivalent and peer-reviewed publicationThe following comments refer to the unit cost report under Significant information.

Costs per full-time student and annual performance equivalentThe cost per full-time student has remained constant for the last three years, and is linked primarily to the changes in the education offered during the period. However, the cost per annual performance equivalent is rising, and this is due mainly to a declining performance level in recent years. It should also be noted that, up until 2007, KI had surplus production (more students than what the funding provided remuneration for), which naturally results in a lower unit cost. See also the section on Bachelor’s and Master’s education.

Cost per peer-reviewed scientific publicationThe number of publications rose from 2006 until 2008, before then remaining relatively constant. The degree to which this is a trend or a temporary standstill can only be assessed over a period of several years. However, KI’s internal governance model in the allocation of resources between institutions values quality in the form of citations and the publications’ reputation and impact rather than the number of articles. An increase in costs per publication therefore only provides information about productivity and not about scientific impact. See also the section on Research and Doctoral education.

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Education and research

Number of full-time students1 5,581 5,516 5,336 5,595 5,524

Cost per full-time student, SEK thousands * 127 130 143 143 144

Number of annual performance equivalents1 5,478 5,203 5,052 5,012 5,050

Cost per annual performance equivalent, SEK thousands * 136 138 151 159 157

Number of peer-reviewed scientific publications *** 3,314 3,519 3,757 3,728

Cost per peer-reviewed scientific publication, SEK thousands ** 960 938 933 1,042

MEASUREMEnT COST PER PERFORMAnCE

1 Excluding contract and commissioned education.* Including costs incurred within funding for medical training and research and the dental care centre.** Including costs incurred within funding for medical training and research.*** Figure not given owing to delay in registration, which would otherwise distort the statistics.


TablesTable 1first-year places (planned) in study programme

Beginner’s programme 2007 2008 2009 2010Occupational therapy 72 72 72 72Audiology - 15 15 16Biomedicine 50 50 50 50Biomedical lab. science 70 60 70 70Public health sciences 30 30 30 30Speech and language pathology 38 - 38 28Medicine 268 276 306 306Optometry 50 45 45 45Podiatry 30 30 - -Psychology 40 40 55 70Radiography 40 40 40 40Physiotherapy 132 120 120 120Nursing 380 380 - 150Dental hygiene 40 40 40 40Dentistry 75 75 85 85Dental technology 20 20 20 20Continuation programmeMidwifery 64 64 68 64Psychotherapy 16 16 16 16Specialist nursing 392 449 578 511Odont. prophylactics 20 20 20 20Toxicology 10 - - -Master’s programme (1 year) 90 135 55 65Master’s programme (2 years) 120 120 170 269Total 2,047 2,097 1,893 2,087

Table 2qualified first-choice applicants, total and per first-year place (planned)

2007 2008 2009 2010Beginner’s programme total /place total /place total /place total /placeOccupational therapy 170 2.4 129 1.8 135 1.9 159 2.2Audiology - 23 1.5 37 2.5 20 1.3Biomedicine 67 1.3 65 1.3 64 1.3 59 1.2Biomedical lab. science 95 1.4 78 1.3 60 0.9 72 1.0Public health sciences 55 1.8 49 1.6 36 1.2 37 1.2Speech and language pathology 182 4.8 - 185 4.9 124 4.4Medicine 2,081 7.8 2,464 8.9 2,503 8.2 2,659 8.7Optometry 60 1.2 59 1.3 36 0.8 31 0.7Podiatry 18 0.6 29 1.0 - -Psychology 586 14.7 409 10.2 401 7.3 570 8.1Radiography 66 1.7 79 2.0 89 2.2 89 2.2Physiotherapy 693 5.3 600 5.0 580 4.8 735 6.1Nursing 1,242 3.3 1,284 3.4 - 577 3.8Dental hygiene 147 3.7 176 4.4 163 4.1 195 4.9Dentistry 412 5.5 372 5.0 408 4.8 414 4.9Dental technology 66 3.3 65 3.3 53 2.7 73 3.7Continuation programmeMidwifery 279 4.4 270 4.2 269 4.0 336 5.3Psychotherapy 32 2.0 33 2.1 31 1.9 26 1.6Specialist nursing 1,624 4.1 1,426 3.2 1,098 1.9 1,399 2.7Odont. prophylactics 35 1.8 34 1.7 32 1.6 26 1.3Toxicology 27 2.7 - - -Master’s programme (1 year) 121 1.3 219 1.6 167 3.0 226 3.5Master’s programme (2 years) 291 2.4 272 2.3 467 2.7 752 2.8Total 8,349 4.1 8,135 3.9 6,814 3.6 8,579 4.1

TABlES


Table 3first-year students, total and percentage of women

2007 2008 2009 2010Beginner’s programme total women total women total women total womenOccupational therapy 91 92% 85 92% 88 83% 88 91%Audiology - 26 81% 24 75% 25 76%Biomedicine 64 72% 67 60% 74 64% 74 65%Biomedical lab. science 86 81% 70 81% 72 86% 83 77%Public health sciences 48 94% 42 88% 38 89% 46 85%Speech and language pathology 41 95% - 42 86% 34 100%Medicine 259 52% 262 60% 309 53% 317 56%Optometry 55 87% 49 82% 45 89% 52 83%Podiatry 37 68% 25 84% - -Psychology 45 69% 51 67% 67 57% 86 72%Radiography 40 90% 44 89% 56 71% 51 76%Physiotherapy 161 80% 148 66% 148 63% 153 63%Nursing 411 85% 408 87% - 179 85%Dental hygiene 49 90% 45 84% 48 94% 48 94%Dentistry 79 75% 82 66% 91 63% 92 62%Dental technology 21 71% 23 78% 26 73% 33 82%Continuation programmeMidwifery 67 100% 68 99% 68 97% 68 99%Psychotherapy 16 88% 17 76% 16 81% 17 82%Specialist nursing 424 90% 534 89% 604 88% 596 87%Odont. prophylactics 30 90% 24 83% 23 100% 27 81%Toxicology 12 75% - - -Master’s programme (1 year) 94 85% 112 88% 62 76% 68 69%Master’s programme (2 years) 132 58% 127 72% 186 82% 308 67%Total 2,262 80% 2,309 80% 2,087 77% 2,445 76%

Table 4first-year students, by age (%)

-24 years 25-34 years 35- yearsBeginner’s programme 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010Occupational therapy 45% 55% 61% 69% 27% 32% 17% 22% 27% 13% 22% 9%Audiology - 35% 54% 64% - 35% 21% 28% - 31% 25% 8%Biomedicine 84% 84% 91% 95% 16% 13% 9% 4% 0% 3% 0% 1%Biomedical lab. science 66% 56% 60% 65% 23% 33% 35% 27% 10% 11% 6% 8%Public health sciences 83% 79% 79% 80% 10% 21% 16% 11% 6% 0% 5% 9%Speech and language pathology 63% - 50% 71% 22% - 31% 26% 15% - 19% 3%Medicine 74% 75% 66% 70% 20% 18% 26% 23% 5% 7% 8% 7%Optometry 65% 88% 78% 83% 29% 10% 18% 15% 5% 2% 4% 2%Podiatry 51% 68% - - 35% 24% - - 14% 8% - -Psychology 56% 71% 69% 73% 33% 22% 24% 20% 11% 8% 7% 7%Radiography 28% 50% 48% 55% 38% 30% 36% 24% 35% 20% 16% 22%Physiotherapy 54% 59% 69% 71% 29% 28% 26% 22% 17% 13% 5% 7%Nursing 46% 49% - 63% 34% 33% - 27% 20% 19% - 11%Dental hygiene 39% 60% 69% 75% 35% 22% 10% 21% 27% 18% 21% 4%Dentistry 90% 76% 76% 86% 9% 23% 23% 13% 1% 1% 1% 1%Dental technology 52% 57% 69% 76% 48% 39% 15% 15% 0% 4% 15% 9%Continuation programmeMidwifery 0% 1% 0% 1% 60% 60% 54% 54% 40% 38% 46% 44%Psychotherapy 0% 0% 0% 0% 25% 0% 6% 12% 75% 100% 94% 88%Specialist nursing 0% 1% 1% 5% 30% 35% 40% 43% 70% 64% 59% 52%Odont. prophylactics 23% 17% 35% 56% 53% 54% 39% 15% 23% 29% 26% 30%Toxicology 25% - - - 67% - - - 8% - - -Master’s programme (1 year) 2% 10% 24% 26% 43% 49% 60% 49% 55% 41% 16% 25%Master’s programme (2 years) 20% 24% 12% 39% 55% 57% 39% 38% 24% 20% 49% 23%Total 41% 41% 39% 48% 31% 32% 32% 30% 28% 27% 30% 22%

TABlES


Table 5Students, full-time equivalents (fTE), total and percentage of women

2007 2008 2009 2010Beginner’s programme total women total women total women total womenOccupational therapy 208 92% 198 91% 210 90% 203 90%Audiology 32 73% 35 74% 34 75% 43 75%Biomedicine 202 70% 189 67% 195 66% 159 64%Biomedical lab. science 207 82% 200 83% 198 83% 180 83%Public health sciences 58 93% 63 92% 65 89% 76 89%Speech and language pathology 70 94% 76 94% 81 92% 86 91%Medicine 1,430 57% 1,374 58% 1,440 57% 1,492 56%Medical informatics 53 61% 25 57% 22 61% 8 64%Optometry 148 80% 137 83% 140 87% 130 89%Podiatry 49 77% 52 79% 46 79% 22 75%Psychology 20 68% 52 68% 98 66% 151 67%Radiography 90 85% 86 86% 103 82% 110 79%Physiotherapy 369 74% 356 74% 354 71% 347 67%Nursing 1,085 87% 1,014 88% 786 89% 468 89%Dental hygiene 84 88% 83 91% 85 89% 84 92%Dentistry 316 70% 333 69% 353 68% 376 67%Dental technology 57 77% 56 75% 58 79% 54 77%Continuation programmeMidwifery 91 100% 91 100% 102 98% 98 98%Psychotherapy 23 87% 21 86% 25 82% 22 82%Specialist nursing 397 90% 400 91% 458 90% 446 88%Odont. prophylactics 26 93% 25 89% 22 91% 22 92%Toxicology 12 75% - - - - - -Master’s programme (1 year) 25 84% 66 89% 87 84% 77 75%Master’s programme (2 years) 44 56% 145 64% 235 71% 295 73%Single-subject courses 420 77% 258 76% 399 78% 575 79%Total 5,516 76% 5,336 76% 5,595 75% 5,524 73%

Table 6Students, full-time equivalents (fTE), by age (%)

-24 years 25-34 years 35- yearsBeginner’s programme 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010Occupational therapy 32% 35% 43% 53% 35% 36% 31% 27% 33% 28% 26% 20%Audiology 36% 31% 39% 50% 30% 41% 34% 30% 34% 28% 27% 20%Biomedicine 71% 73% 71% 76% 27% 24% 26% 22% 2% 4% 3% 1%Biomedical lab. science 57% 55% 52% 48% 30% 32% 37% 42% 13% 13% 11% 11%Public health sciences 70% 75% 62% 63% 28% 20% 37% 35% 3% 5% 2% 2%Speech and language pathology 30% 34% 28% 36% 41% 39% 43% 43% 28% 26% 28% 21%Medicine 40% 42% 42% 42% 53% 50% 50% 49% 7% 8% 8% 8%Medical informatics 46% 39% 27% 25% 42% 44% 56% 62% 12% 16% 17% 13%Optometry 52% 57% 62% 64% 33% 32% 31% 32% 15% 11% 7% 4%Podiatry 56% 56% 54% 45% 26% 29% 36% 42% 18% 15% 10% 13%Psychology 55% 56% 61% 57% 34% 35% 29% 34% 11% 9% 10% 9%Radiography 27% 31% 36% 35% 37% 36% 34% 37% 36% 33% 29% 29%Physiotherapy 45% 46% 51% 54% 39% 39% 38% 36% 16% 15% 11% 10%Nursing 35% 37% 35% 37% 40% 40% 43% 40% 25% 23% 22% 23%Dental hygiene 32% 33% 53% 58% 45% 40% 23% 23% 23% 27% 24% 19%Dentistry 59% 57% 58% 57% 36% 38% 38% 39% 5% 6% 4% 4%Dental technology 37% 46% 48% 55% 46% 46% 44% 34% 16% 8% 8% 11%Continuation programmeMidwifery 1% 1% 0% 1% 55% 56% 53% 53% 44% 44% 46% 47%Psychotherapy 0% 0% 0% 0% 6% 8% 5% 5% 94% 92% 95% 95%Specialist nursing 0% 1% 1% 2% 30% 30% 36% 38% 70% 69% 63% 60%Odont. prophylactics 31% 21% 26% 42% 42% 57% 46% 29% 27% 21% 28% 29%Toxicology 25% - - - 67% - - - 8% - - -Master’s programme (1 year) 5% 9% 11% 12% 51% 48% 49% 55% 44% 43% 40% 33%Master’s programme (2 years) 25% 25% 22% 26% 54% 58% 56% 53% 20% 17% 22% 21%Single subject courses 16% 24% 20% 16% 33% 33% 31% 30% 50% 44% 49% 54%Total 36% 38% 38% 38% 41% 41% 41% 40% 23% 21% 21% 21%

TABlES


Table 7Students, full-time equivalents (fTEs) and annual performance equivalents (APEs)

2007 2008 2009 2010Beginner’s programme FTE APE % FTE APE % FTE APE % FTE APE %Occupational therapy 208 185 89% 198 213 108% 210 195 93% 203 193 95%Audiology 32 31 95% 35 31 87% 34 31 93% 43 38 89%Biomedicine 202 156 77% 189 178 94% 195 166 85% 159 161 101%Biomedical lab. science 207 193 93% 200 182 91% 198 172 87% 180 161 89%Public health sciences 58 53 91% 63 51 81% 65 53 82% 76 69 91%Speech and language pathology 70 78 111% 76 70 92% 81 71 87% 86 73 85%Medicine 1,430 1,396 98% 1,374 1,356 99% 1,440 1,298 90% 1,492 1,381 93%Medical informatics 53 50 95% 25 24 95% 22 22 100% 8 7 92%Optometry 148 144 97% 137 134 98% 140 124 89% 130 125 96%Podiatry 49 36 74% 52 41 79% 46 45 97% 22 26 115%Psychology 20 12 62% 52 39 75% 98 92 93% 151 125 83%Radiography 90 79 88% 86 80 93% 103 97 94% 110 106 96%Physiotherapy 369 361 98% 356 352 99% 354 312 88% 347 348 100%Nursing 1,085 1,044 96% 1,014 959 95% 786 767 98% 468 487 104%Dental hygiene 84 76 90% 83 77 93% 85 75 88% 84 88 105%Dentistry 316 309 98% 333 323 97% 353 325 92% 376 316 84%Dental technology 57 57 100% 56 55 98% 58 58 101% 54 47 87%Continuation programmeMidwifery 91 92 102% 91 91 100% 102 98 96% 98 95 96%Public health science 0 7 - - - - - - - - - -Psychotherapy 23 16 70% 21 27 128% 25 21 85% 22 23 107%Specialist nursing 397 383 96% 400 380 95% 458 420 92% 446 421 94%Odont. prophylactics 26 25 95% 25 23 93% 22 16 73% 22 21 94%Toxicology 12 9 77% - - - - - - - - -Master’s programme (1 year) 25 7 30% 68 49 72% 87 73 84% 77 75 98%Master’s programme (2 years) 44 22 50% 143 112 78% 235 186 79% 295 253 86%Single subject courses 420 383 91% 258 205 79% 399 295 74% 575 413 72%Total 5,516 5,203 94% 5,336 5,052 95% 5,595 5,012 90% 5,524 5,050 91%

Table 8Degrees

2007 2008 2009 2010Professional qualificationsOccupational therapy 63 59 61 67Audiology 1 11 16 0Midwifery 63 62 65 70Biomedical lab. science 72 43 67 64Speech and language pathology 28 9 33 2Medicine 214 249 250 219Optometry 42 48 48 44Psychotherapy 12 20 15 10Radiography 33 28 31 34Physiotherapy 120 115 95 112Nursing 384 384 325 311Specialist nursing 388 345 372 362Dental hygiene 41 40 37 39Dentistry 51 59 55 65Dental technology 16 9 18 17Total professional qualifications 1,528 1,481 1,488 1,416

General qualifications

University diplomas 16 4 7 4BSc 791 360 429 460MSc (1 year) 178 149 185 176MSc (2 years) - - 43 74Broad MSc (1 year) 136 61 33 14Total general qualifications 1,121 574 697 728Total qualifications awarded 2,649 2,055 2,185 2,144Total graduates 1,853 1,744 1,792 1,786

TABlES


Table 9International relations

2007 2008 2009 2010Student exchange Out In Out In Out In Out InTotal 185 242 179 251 159 249 182 273

Breakdown/areaEurope 84 189 81 188 62 180 91 197North America 41 17 38 16 40 17 39 16Other countries 60 36 60 47 57 52 52 60

Breakdown/study programmeOccupational therapy 9 14 7 11 5 19 5 14Audiology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1Midwifery 3 4 4 6 5 4 4 6Biomedicine 19 34 24 51 16 46 9 41Biomedical lab science 4 16 5 16 5 13 1 23Public health 10 10 6 14 11 14 5 18Health informatics - - - - - - 1 4Speech and language pathology 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0Medicine 78 102 58 80 71 87 93 99Medical informatics 4 0 3 0 2 2 0 0Optometry 3 2 3 2 3 8 3 10Podiatry 0 0 2 0 5 0 3 0Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1Radiography 2 2 4 3 0 0 3 1Physiotherapy 12 14 11 25 9 16 11 10Nursing 27 30 37 24 17 26 22 32Dental hygiene 4 2 4 4 0 2 1 0Dentistry 10 10 11 11 4 11 20 13Dental technology 0 1 0 3 6 1 0 0

Table 10Course availability

2007 2008 2009 2010Single subject courses FTE APE FTE APE FTE APE FTE APEDistance, full-time 8 4 15 10 36 32 28 24Distance, part-time 47 66 30 19 85 53 132 97

Table 11Doctoral education

newly reg. Doctoral students Active Doctoral students Thesis defencesBeginner’s programme 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010Total 398 420 420 450 2,073 2,080 2,028 2,076 345 352 392 367Women 62% 60% 61% 62% 61% 61% 61% 62% 61% 57% 62% 58% -29 years 44% 42% 42% 39% 28% 28% 28% 27% 10% 10% 8% 9%30-39 years 35% 38% 38% 40% 40% 41% 42% 42% 54% 56% 55% 53%40- years 20% 21% 20% 21% 32% 31% 30% 31% 37% 34% 37% 38%

TABlES


Table 13Change in professors 2010 (excl. adjunct professors)

left/retired (number), total 26 New (number), total 40

Clinical cancer epidemiologyClinical neuroscience with positron emission tomography Clinical oral physiologyClinical pharmacologyEar, nose and throat diseasesEpidemiologyExperimental biophysicsExperimental clinical andrology General medicineHygieneInternational healthMedical cell biologyMedicine, especially gastroenterology and hepatologyOdontological toxicologyPsychiatryPsychologyRadio therapyReproductive endocrinologySocial medicineSocial medicineStructural BiochemistrySurgeryToxicologyToxicologyUrologic surgery

Via advertised professorshipBiostatisticsCardiovascular epidemiologyChild and adolesence psychiatric science Clinical microbiology, especially clinical bacteriology Clinical treatment research,especially inflammatory diseasesComputational medicineMedical leadership, organization and innovationMedical techonolgy Tumour pathologyVascular biochemistry, especially growth factor regulating endotelcellular functions

Via advertised lectureshipBiological dementiaCell and tumour biologyGrowth and reproduction Integrative physiology, especially research on systems of muscle cells which influence insulin sensitivity and metabolismMedical inflammation researchMolecular tumour biology, especially tumours in childrenPathologyPsychiatry, especially addiction researchToxicology, especially research regarding environmental risk assessment and teaching

Via promotionsCardiovascular cell physiology and signal transductionCell and tumour biologyCognitive neuroscienceDental biomaterials and toxicologyNeuroscience Neuroscience Occupational toxicologyPathologyPsychiatryHaematological malignant diseases

Visiting professorshipsAllergologyClinical psychologyClinical pain researchClinical regenerative medicine and surgeryDermatologyHematologyInfectious disease NucleomedicineOtosurgeryPharmacological metabolismRegenerative medicine

Table 12Newly admitted Doctoral students

Admitted to PhD degree 2010 Admitted to licentiate degree 2010Subject Women Men Total Women Men TotalMedical 264 166 430 15 3 18Odontological 2 2 0Social science 0 0Total 264 168 432 15 3 18

TABlES


largest sources of funding

512.374.510.4

63.935.121.217.216.916.215.913.910.2

6.5

133.667.141.039.234.633.233.125.513.9

8.4

572.23.12.9

59.929.2 14.814.6

9.98.17.47.05.84.9

232.939.212.4

5.65.35.24.34.34.23.3

Research councils

Swedish Research CouncilFASFormas

County & municipal councils

Stockholm County CouncilBotkyrka MunicipalityCity of Stockholm

Other government agenciesSwedish Government Agency for Innovation SystemsSwedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida)Royal Institute of TechnologySweden National Institute of Public HealthThe Legal, Financial and Administrative Services AgencyNational Board of Health and WelfareStockholm universitySwedish Institute for Infectious Disease ControlSwedish Armed ForcesStockholm Regional Ethical Review Board

Companies

AFA InsuranceAstraZenecaMerck & CoSumitomoIPULS ABKI Science Park ABWyeth Ledere Nordisk ABNovo Nordisk Scandinavia ABPfizerBristol-Myers

Organisations and foundationsThe Cancer FundWallenberg FoundationsKarolinska Institutet Foundations The Swedish Foundation for Strategic ResearchChildren’s Cancer FoundationThe Heart and Lung FoundationThe Persson Family FoundationThe T & R Söderberg FoundationVårdal FoundationThe Swedish Brain Foundation

Foreign organisations and foundationsEuropean Union (EU)National Institutes of Health (NIH)Org. for economic corp. and dev. (OECD)The Stanley Med. Research Inst.Novo Nordic FundB Osher FoundationFriends of Karolinska InstitutetFoundation LeducqEuropean Found. Study of DiabetesRausing Foundation

Table 14Revenue 2010, SEK million


Research

Source Research Asset management TotalResearch councils 597.2 597.2Government authorities 38.5 260.0 298.5Organisations and foundations 4.1 654.1 12.9 671.1Swedish companies 20.0 195.7 6.7 222.4County & municipal councils 27.7 550.8 16.1 594.6Foreign 6.3 495.6 2.8 504.6Own funds 53.5 -53.5 0.0Financial revenue 0.1 17.1 12.0 29.2Total external funds 96.7 2,824.0 -3.0 2,917.6

Direct Government funding 754.0 1,581.5 2,335.5

Total 850.7 4,405.4 -3.0 5,253.1

TABlES


ALF The agreement with regional government on the funding of specific clinical education and researchAPE student Annual Performance Equivalent: a student who has passed one year’s worth of courses (40 weeks = 40 credits)BG selection group, gradesB I selection group, grades (new selection groups from autumn 2010)BSc Bachelor of ScienceBibliometrics A method of appraising the qualitative and quantitative status of research using various measurements of the

scope and publication patterns of scientific papers and citation statisticsCCE Centre for Clinical Education Core facility A unit of strategic importance, usually applying advanced technology and methodsECTS European Credit Transfer and Accumulation SystemErasmus Part of the Socrates programme that is based on bilateral agreements between European universitiesERC The European Research CouncilEurolife A network of eight prestigious European research universitiesFAS Forskningsrådet för arbetsliv och socialvetenskap, Swedish council for working life and social researchFTE student Full-Time Equivalent: a student who has attended one year’s worth of courses (40 weeks = 40 credits)Funding cap The maximum grant available to a university for undergraduate studies for any one year.

APE and FTE student grants are worked out in accordance with a separate pricing list.HEA Higher Education Act HEC Higher education creditsHEI Higher Education Institutions, i.e. universities and university collegesHEO Higher Education OrdnanceHermes information system for Swedish government and Swedish authoritiesKID funds Faculty funds for the part-financing of new Doctoral studentsLadoc Swedish national student registry database Linnaeus-Palme A teacher and student exchange agreement with developing countriesMD PhD (Medicine)MSc Master of ScienceNIH National Institutes of Health. The US equivalent of the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet – VR).Nordplus The Nordic Council of Ministers programme for promoting collaboration between Nordic higher education

institutionsOECD The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development; member countries include most EU states,

the USA, Canada, Mexico, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and South KoreaPhD Doctor of philosophyPostdoc Postdoctoral research. Gives new Doctoral graduates an opportunity to gain additional experience as a

researcher. The postdoc period is normally spent at a foreign university or research institute.RE&D Research, Education and Development SCC Stockholm County Council SciLiLab Science for Life LaboratorySLL Stockholms läns landsting: The Stockholm County CouncilSMI Smittskyddsinstitutet, i.e. Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease ControlSocrates The EU’s programme for promoting collaboration amongst higher education institutions at all levelsTB TuberculosisTule The TULE test is a medical exam for international medical doctors qualified outside the EU/EEA/SwitzerlandVIS Operational Information System, a management and information system

Glossary and abbreviations

GlOSSARy AnD ABBREvIATIOnS

COVER

Eleven-year old Emil Sundestrand from Lerum listens attentively as Christina Ehrenborg, medical student at Karolinska Institutet, describes the anatomy of the human skeleton. Emil was one of nine young finalists for the Junior Medicine Prize, which was awarded for the first time in 2010.

The Junior Medicine Prize was inaugurated in KI’s jubilee year as part of an initiative to fire young people’s interest in science. Working in association with Kamratposten magazine and its website (KPwebben.se), KI brought young scientists from around the country into contact with doctoral students and researchers at KI.

The young people were given the opportunity to carry out a range of tasks, including researching the answers to medical problems. At the end of every month, the entrant to have produced the most successful research was named “research of the month”. To be in with a chance of winning, all researchers of the month had to respond to the last and perhaps toughest challenge of all: to write their own research plan. Here is an extract from Emil’s research plan:

“I want to research into hearing and find a way of making people hear even when they’re deaf. I want to research into this because I’m deaf and know how it feels. It’s also really annoying because CI* (the name of the hearing aid) isn’t waterproof, so I can’t join in when my friends are playing in the water unless I take it off! And then I can’t hear anything! It’s the same when I’m having a bath or a shower. I always sleep without my CI. I want to discover a way of making deaf people hear without CI!”

All nine finalists won a trip to Stockholm to visit the Kamratposten offices and take part in exciting experiments in the company of researchers, doctoral students and medical students at Karolinska Institutet. The first prize was awarded to 12-year old Michelle Atlas from Ljungbyhed.

Photo: Stefan Zimmerman

* CI stands for cochlea implant, an electronic aid to help the deaf and hard of hearing. CI stimulates the auditory nerve and enables the wearer to hear sounds, but does not replace hearing.

Karolinska Institutet is one of the world´s leading medical universities. Its mission is to contribute to the improvement of human health through research and education. Karolinska Institutet accounts for over 40 per cent of the medical academic research conducted in Sweden and offers the country´s broadest range of education in medicine and health sciences. Since 1901 the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has selected the Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine.

Karolinska Institutet Annual Report 2010Design: Sofia Lindberg

Print: ElandersISBN: 978-91-85681-32-7

Annual Report 2010

Karolinska Institutet Annual Report 2010

This publication is an abridged version of the documentdelivered to the Swedish Government in February, 2011

Compiled by:The University Administrative Department, Karolinska Institutet

Coordinator:Nils-Fredrik Ankarcrona

Published by:The Information and Public Relations OfficeKarolinska Institutet171 77 Stockholm

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