annu. rev. earth planet. sci. 1994.22:597-656. downloaded from … · 2014-05-05 · 588 Üi í p...
TRANSCRIPT
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
-
Ann
u. R
ev. E
arth
Pla
net.
Sci.
1994
.22:
597-
656.
Dow
nloa
ded
from
ww
w.a
nnua
lrevi
ews.o
rgby
Uni
vers
ity o
f Min
neso
ta -
Twin
Citi
es -
Wils
on L
ibra
ry o
n 02
/10/
11. F
or p
erso
nal u
se o
nly.
Annual Reviews OnlineSearch Annual ReviewsAnnual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences OnlineMost Downloaded Earth and Planetary Sciences ReviewsMost Cited Earth and Planetary Sciences ReviewsAnnual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences ErrataView Current Editorial Committee