annotated bibliography nhd 2014

Wicks 1

Primary Sources:

A Message On Food From the President of the United States. 1945. Photograph.

Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web.

5 Mar. 2014. <http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/otcgi/digilib/llscgi60.exe?

DB=0&ACTION=View&QUERY=%61%67%72%69%63%75%6C

%74%75%72%65&OP=and&SUBSET=SUBSET&FROM=1&SIZE=20&ITEM

=5>.

This is primary source document from World War II. It is a poster with a plea

from President Harry Truman to increase food production that was crucially

needed for the war effort. Farmers helped to produce this necessary food for our

country and countries around the world.

Americans! Share the Meat as a Wartime Necessity. 1942. Northwestern University

Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 5 Mar. 2014.

<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/otcgi/digilib/llscgi60.exe?

DB=0&ACTION=View&QUERY=%72%61%74%69%6F%6E%69%6E

%67&OP=and&SUBSET=SUBSET&FROM=1&SIZE=20&ITEM=12>.

This primary source is a poster stressing the importance of rationing and

conserving meat. Extra food was virtually non-existent, so people had to be very

wise with their food consumption. The United States Office of War Information

supported this source.

Be A Victory Farm Volunteer in the U.S. Crop Corps. 1943. Rare Posters. Comp. Gary

Borkan. Gary Borkan War Poster Dealers, 1997. Web. 14 May 2014.

<http://www.rare-posters.com/5284.html>.

Wicks 2

This poster was made to promote the U.S. Crop Corps and show that teenagers

and young adults can make just as much impact as adults themselves. This depicts

two young adults helping out on the farm, and shows that boys and girls can both

help. This poster gives the air of “Everyone’s help is needed if America is to win

the war.” Many teenagers answered the call of help and ended up working

through the summer to take care of the crops.

Belen Soto Moreno, "Working on the Farm," in Bracero History Archive, Item #3050,

http://braceroarchive.org/items/show/3050 (accessed March 14, 2014).

This is a black and white picture showing bracero workers moving hay. I felt that

it was important to show how important and hardworking these workers were. If

not for them and the other groups helping out at home, we would have had a very

hard time making it through the war. This picture is historical and has something

to teach you when you look at it.

Do with Less--so They'll Have Enough! 1943. Photograph. Northwestern University

Library, Evanston, IL. World War II on the Home Front: Rationing. Northwestern

University Library, 2014. Web. 13 Feb. 2014.

<http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/ww2-rationing/5934>.

This is a poster that I found pertaining to World War II and the concept of

rationing. Rationing, though it took away some of Americans rights, was essential

to the outcome of the war. In this case, the responsibility of the civilians

outweighed the cost of their rights. Rationing was a national effort that was

promoted by posters like this one. I was very excited to find this resource because

it fit in my topic area well.

Wicks 3

Eisenhower, Dwight D. "Special Address to the Congress on Agriculture." Special

Address to the Congress on Agriculture. The Capitol, Washington, D.C. 9 Jan.

1956. Dwight D. Eisenhower. Web. 12 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/all_about_ike/quotes.html>.

I found this quote and even though it is from the 1950s, I still decided to use it in

my website. This quote helps me tie together what I'm trying to get at in my

website. It shows that when agriculture is working with the government, it can

create spectacular results. Partnership between the two can be challenging

sometimes, but very rewarding in the end.

Every Man, Woman, and Child Is a Partner. U.S. National Archives and Records

Administration, Washington, D.C. Women's History. About.com, 2001. Web. 13

Mar. 2014. <http://womenshistory.about.com/od/worldwariiposterart/ig/World-

War-II---Victory-Home/Partners-on-the-Homefront-.htm>.

Everyone participated in the events of World War II, and this poster helps to

depict that. The nation’s response to the war was a production to whatever was

needed; entire corporations were changed just to support our country and the men

fighting overseas. World War II was a national problem and the whole nation

helped to resolve it.

Farm Scrap Builds Destroyers: 900 Tons of Scrap Metal Go into a Destroyer. 1942.





Wicks 4

=2>.

This poster shows what saving scrap metal could do for the soldiers and the war

effort. Through this project I learned about many different products being rationed

and metal was one of those products that really effected farmers. Metal was

needed to make and repair farming machinery. All extra metal was being donated

and scrapped to be shipped overseas, or to make equipment for those overseas.

Because of the deficiency, farmers had to make do with what they had.

Glenn Miller and His Orchestra. On the Old Assembly Line. Glenn Miller and His

Orchestra. 1942. Syracuse University Libraries-Patriotic Songs. Web. 19 May

2014. <http://library.syr.edu/belfer/programs/projects/belfer78/patriotic.php>.

Many patriotic songs were produced during the war, and our country saw a

dramatic rise in jazz music. Glenn Miller and His Orchestra were very popular at

the time, and I put a portion of this song on my homepage of my website. This

song allowed people at home to feel patriotic and know that they were actually

helping work towards the war effort.

He Eats a Ton a Year: Your Farm Can Help. 1942. Photograph. Northwestern University





=4>.

This is a World War II poster that depicts a soldier shoveling food. This showed

the nation’s people that those who were fighting needed as much support from

Wicks 5

home they could get. They needed to be provided with food, guns, ammunition,

vehicles, or anything that could help them and be of assistance. I found many

posters for my project, and loved looking at them because each picture or poster

tells as much of the story of our country as the information does.

Helguera, L. Americanos Todos. Smithsonian Museum of National Museum of

American History, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Museum of National Museum

of American History. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://thinkmexican.tumblr.com/post/45551332791/world-war-ii-mexico-us-

americanos-todos-propoganda>.

I found it very challenging to find posters about Mexican Braceros in the U.S.

This is the one poster that I actually found to portray what I wanted to get across.

The braceros provided the labor support that we couldn't manage ourselves, so we

were working together in the war effort.

Horace, Nicholis. Boy Milking Cow. 1914. Imperial War Museum Photograph

Collection. The Passion of Former Days. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.formerdays.com/2012/03/children-on-homefront.html>.

This photograph was taken during World War I, but it gives the same idea of what

happened in World War II. Children and teens helped out with the farm since

their older brothers or fathers were gone fighting. In this time period, children had

to grow up faster to help out with what was needed.

Join Us on the Farm Front. 1944. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

The Historical Museum of Fort Missoula. 2011. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

Since World War II required full support from everyone in America, even school

Wicks 6

children did what they could. Many of them picked milkweed pods and teenagers

worked as “Victory Farm Volunteers”. They volunteered to work at area farms

and were especially needed during spring planting and harvest.

Lanon, Howard. "Farming During World War II, Farm Equipment, & Neighbors."

Interview. Farming During World War II. Illinois State Museum, Web. 13 Feb.

2014. <http://avbarn.museum.state.il.us/clip/80>.

This source is an audio recording of Howard Lanon discussing his life growing up

during the war. This source allowed me to get a personal light on the story and

work of everyone involved, even the younger children. This source was very

beneficial for my website.

Let's Get to Work to Make Americans Strong. 1941. Northwestern University Library,

Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/wwii-posters/img/ww1645-65.jpg>.

This poster shows an American family working together to make America strong.

This was an influence for everyone to participate and do their part in the war

effort. We needed the whole country's support of the war and wartime production.

Morley, Hubert. Pitch in and Help! 1944. Northwestern University Library, Evanston,

Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.


I used this poster on my Women's Land Army page. The Women's Land Army

and the U.S. Crop Corps set up programs that greatly increased workers on farms

during World War II.

Nadel, Leonard. "A bracero closes a full Toro lettuce box with a special tool in a field in

Wicks 7

the Salinas Valley, California.," in Bracero History Archive, Item #3007,


This picture shows what work braceros did on farms in the U.S. Braceros

contributed greatly to the production of goods in the U.S., which were also used

worldwide. Without this extra help, we would not have produced as much to

complete what we did.

Nadel, Leonard. "Braceros fill lettuce into Cookie Head lettuce boxes and close them in a

field in the Salinas Valley, California." in Bracero History Archive, Item #2992,


Many braceros were active in the southwestern states because it was closer to

Mexico. In this picture, they filled boxes full of lettuce for transportation to other

areas of the country or even overseas. These pictures were very useful in seeing

what the work they did and what they went through.

Nadel, Leonard. "Braceros pick lettuce in a field in the Salinas Valley, California." in

Bracero History Archive, Item #2991, http://braceroarchive.org/items/show/2991

(accessed March 13, 2014).

Braceros did whatever was asked of them at any farm, and were known as very

good workers. Many times these people were not appreciated or recognized for

what they did. I did not even know about what they did until I started researching

this project. This picture shows them picking lettuce in a field in California.

Nadel, Leonard. National Museum of American History, Washington, D.C. Los Angeles

Times. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. <http://articles.latimes.com/2010/oct/15/local/la-me-

tobar-20101015#>.

Wicks 8

This is a photograph from the Leonard Nadel Collection. Leonard Nadel was a

photographer who documented the braceros influence in the United States. He

took many pictures of bracero workers working on farms.

Parker, Alfred. We'll Have Lots to Eat This Winter Won't We Mother? 1943.





This poster stresses the importance of making do with what you have. Because of

the lack of resources, the American people are encouraged to use only what is

needed. It also encouraged American families to make and store their own food.

This poster shows a young girl and a woman canning their own goods.

Paus, Herbert Andrew. The Women's Land Army of America. 1918. University of

Virginia. Library of Congress. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://loc.gov/pictures/item/97520484/>.

This is a poster showing support of the Women’s Land Army (WLA) in America.

The WLA was actually formed in World War I and this is one of the recruiting

posters. These posters urged women to help out by joining organization, which

led to an increase in farm workers.

Plant a Victory Garden. 1943. Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois.

World War II Posters. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.


This poster encourages American citizens to plant Victory Gardens and grow their

Wicks 9

own food. Because so many of them did, farmers could produce more for the

soldiers overseas than for country at home. This allowed the soldiers who were

fighting to be supplied more food.

Roese, Herbert. Rationing Means a Fair Share for All. 1943. Northwestern University





This is a poster showing how rationing makes everything fair. Instead of some

people getting a lot of supplies, and some getting just a little bit, they both get

about the same. I found this poster to be pretty comical. Each of the posters that I

have found adds a little bit of history and insight on the ideas of the people of that

time period.

Rozen, Jerome. Farmers! Uncle Sam Asks You... 1944. Rare Posters. Gary Borkan War

Poster Dealers. Web. 19 May 2014. <http://www.rare-posters.com/3755.html>.

This is a poster showing Uncle Sam getting ready for the census taker. This is a

poster showing another aspect of the war, and something else the farmers had to

work with and understand. These posters were very interesting to find and learn

about through this project.

Schatt, Roy. Scrap. 1942. Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois. World

War II Posters. Web. 6 Mar. 2014.



Wicks 10


=3>

This picture shows that scrap metal is very valuable. Many farms had extra scrap

metal at the beginning of the war because of old, broken down tractors, or just the

everyday tools that they used. They didn't have extra during or at the end of the

war, actually they had very little metal products at all.

Sears, Roebuck & Company. "Information About Ordering Rationed Farm Equipment

Sold By Sears." Sears, Roebuck & Company Catalog 1943: 931. Print.

I used this source to determine all the pieces of farm equipment that had been

rationed for war purposes. Almost all pieces of machinery were rationed and were

shared among communities. This catalog also informed me of how farmers were

able to apply for rationed farm equipment. This was very helpful in my search for

information.

U.S. War Production Board. America Needs Your Scrap Rubber. 1942-1944.

Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois. Learn NC Multimedia.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.learnnc.org/lp/multimedia/13285>.

Americans citizens were urged to use as little rubber as possible during the war.

This poster shows what rationed rubber was used for to provide support for the

troops overseas. Different vehicles and machines needed different amounts of

rubber, and this poster informs the public of that. It encourages Americans to

ration items so that the soldiers will have what they need to survive in the war.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. When You Ride Alone, You Ride with Hitler!

Wicks 11

1943. Photograph. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Evanston, IL.

World War II on the Home Front: Rationing. University of North Carolina, 2014.

Web. 13 Feb. 2014. <http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/ww2-rationing/5934>.

Gas was also rationed during World War II and this poster depicts that. The

government stressed the importance of only driving when needed and always

trying to carpool with others. The less gas citizens used, the more could be

shipped to the soldiers fighting.

Uptton, Clive. Join the Women's Land Army. 1940. Vinmag. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.vinmag.com/online/prodshow/Join_The_Womens_Land_Army__W

ar_Poster__Artist__Clive_Uptton__GB_1940s__30x40cm_Art_Print_/AP1644-

war-poster-1940s-join-the-womens-land-army-clive-uptton.html>.

This is another wartime poster urging women to join the Women's Land Army

(WLA). The WLA made major labor contributions on farms throughout World

War II. This poster shows many of the ways in which women helped during the

war and the need and encouragement of women to help in WWII.

Use It Up, Wear It Out, Make It Do. 1943. Victory Begins at Home, WWII Posters.

About.com. About.com, 2006. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://womenshistory.about.com/od/worldwariiposterart/ig/World-War-II---

Victory-Home/Make-It-Do.htm>.

Because of the lack of materials, the American population used what they had.

Pants, shirts, dresses, blouses, and other clothing were reused or fixed up during

the war. Whatever became too small was handed down to younger siblings, and

whatever broke was fixed. I found this poster a little bit comical, with the lady

Wicks 12

sewing up pants while they are still on the person. This poster shows how much

they tried to save items during the war.

You Can Use the Land You Have to Grow the Food You Need. 1941. Northwestern

University Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.


This is another poster encouraging American citizens to grow their own crops in

their own backyards. The act of planting and growing their own gardens really

helped to relieve the farmers and what they had to grow during the war. This

allowed the farmers to send more of their products to other countries and to our

own troops fighting on both hemispheres.

Secondary Sources:

Ames Historical Society. "Rationing on the US Homefront during WW II." Rationing on

the US Homefront during WW II. Ames Historical Society, Feb. 2014. Web. 12

Feb. 2014. <http://www.ameshistory.org/exhibits/events/rationing.htm>.

This source gave me information on rationing and the work happening on the

home front in the Midwest portion of the United States. This is also where I found

my primary source of the Sears & Roebuck Catalog, which provided me with

information on all rationed farm equipment. This site was a very good source of

information.

Arneson, Eric. "The Home Front: Life and Work in World War II." Normandy Institute

2013. George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 17 June 2013. Lecture.

When I was in Washington, D.C. for the Normandy Institute last summer, we

were able to listen to Professor Arneson’s lecture. I learned so much that week

Wicks 13

and could have chosen many topics, but I thought of this topic during his lecture

and I really connected with it. I had family ties and it was very involved in my

state and our conditions during the war. “Responsibilities of Farmers in World

War II” was a very enticing topic for me and I’m really glad I heard this lecture

and could relate it to my experiences.

Bush, Wilbur. "World War II Scrap Metal Drives: Daviess County Historical Society:

Gallatin Area Revitalization Alliance." Gallatan Daviess County Historical

Society. Daviess County Historical Society, 6 Apr. 2011. Web. 05 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.daviesscountyhistoricalsociety.com/modules.php?

op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=454&mode=thread&order=0&thold

=0>.

This source provided me with information on scrap metal and how it was

collected during the war. Scrap metal was found on farms in the form of old tools

such as: shovels, nails, discs, and anything else not able to be used. This old metal

was collected through scrap drives. Because of the shortage of metal products for

the military, farm equipment was put on hold and farmers had to use whatever old

equipment they had.

Danzer, Gerald A. "The United States in World War II." The Americans. Evanston, IL:

McDougal Littell, 2007. 766-804. Print.

I started researching my topic in American History class with this book. This

book gave me a place to start discovering information about my topic since I

already had it picked out. This book also gave me ideas as to where I could go

with further research.

Wicks 14

Delicath, Ted. "Why Is the Farm Bill So Hard to Understand?" Corn Corps.

Wordpress.com, 11 Sept. 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.

<http://corncorps.wordpress.com/page/16/>.

This is a journal-type site filled with many different articles from both past and

present topics. The article that I read through discussed World War II and the role

of children on the farm. I found a poster on this site showing a young boy

working on a farm. This site also had information on the changes during World

War II and how they affected farming.

Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum. "Quotes." Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Presidential Library and Museum, 2014. Web. 12 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/all_about_ike/quotes.html>.

I used this source to find a quote stated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, a

major player in World War II. President Eisenhower was a general and military

strategist during the war, and become president after. In his quote he discusses

how important farming is to the economy of the U.S. and how the government

working with agriculture is much more influential than otherwise. Even though

this quote was spoken after the war, it still poses a point that was discovered

through the actions of farmers in World War II.

Ganzel, Bill, and Ganzel Group Communications. "Farm Labor Shortages during World

War II." Wessels Living History Farm. Ganzel Group Communications, 2001.

Web. 12 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe40s/farminginthe1940s.html>.

This source talks about how the war revolutionized farming. World War II

Wicks 15

brought the United States out of the Great Depression, and promoted using new

technologies nationwide. This website gave me much more information on topics

such as rationing, labor shortages, food production, and economic expansion. I

used this site for information on my topic. It was interesting to read through the

research that this group had discovered.

Gary Borkan War Poster Dealers. "Original United States Second World War Poster

Dealers, Homefront."Rare-posters.com. Gary Borkan War Poster Dealers, 12

Mar. 2014. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. <http://www.rare-posters.com/ww2.html>.

I used this website to find primary source that I could use in my website, and to

just study the ads. There were so many different advertisements that it was almost

overwhelming to look at. Advertisements were one of the reasons that the war

was such a supported cause, but I didn’t really think about them a lot before

studying this topic. I didn’t realize what a major role they did play in the events of

World War II. It was very interesting to go through and look at all the posters that

were shown on this website.

Karron, Sussanah. "Food to Win the War." A Salute to Freedom. The National WWII

Museum, 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2014. <http://salutetofreedom.org/wi.html>.

As I was researching my topic, I came across this website supported by the World

War II museum in Louisiana. A student researched food production in World War

II in Wisconsin (her home state) and created a web page about her research it. I

thought it was interesting how similar the states were in dealing with the same

issues. I used this site to confirm research and used a picture on my site.

Kemp, Bill. "Kids Gathered Milkweed Pods for WWII Effort." Pantagraph.com.

Wicks 16

Pantagraph.com, 13 Oct. 2007. Web. 05 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.pantagraph.com/news/kids-gathered-milkweed-pods-for-wwii-

effort/article_5099b3d3-117e-52c6-8815-c6893b97ea30.html>.

During the war, people did whatever they could to support the troops overseas.

Children even helped out! I used this source to learn about a very important task

that children did to show support: picking milkweed pods! Milkweed tufts were

used in making flotation devices for soldiers in the war, and children got out of

school to walk ditches to find them. Everyone contributed what he or she could to

the war effort.

Library of Congress. "Cartoon Drawings-Herbert Johnson." Library of Congress, 2014.

Web. 05 Mar. 2014. <http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/acd/related/?

co=acd&fi=name&q=Johnson,%20Herbert,%201878-1946>.

While I was looking for posters, I came across this site. It is a huge storehouse of

Herbert Johnson art, who was a major cartoonist at the time of the war. He made

many cartoons and advertisements before, during, and after the war. This is where

I found many of my World War II advertisements and primary sources.

Long, Thomas. "What Were Some Responsibilities of Farmers In World War II?"

Personal interview. July 2013.

I asked Professor Long about the responsibilities of farmers during World War II

after I had heard Professor Arneson speak and had figured out my project topic.

Professor Long is a college professor for George Washington University in

Washington, D.C. He seemed quite impressed with my idea and gave me some

information of the knowledge he had on it. He also provided me with ideas for

Wicks 17

avenues I could venture for research.

Marentes, Carlos, and Cynthia P. Marentes. "The Bracero Program." The Farmworkers

Website. Sin Fronteras Organizing Project, Dec. 1999. Web. 11 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.farmworkers.org/bracerop.html>.

This website gives a detailed explanation of what the Bracero Program was and

how it contributed to farm production during the years that it ran. I never really

understood the Bracero Program before, or even really heard about it much before

I completed this project. This site allowed me to understand why it was

established and how it helped our economy and agricultural efforts during World

War II.

Mefford, Howard L. "Fifty Years of International Harvester Company in Buffalo

County." Fifty Years of International Harvester Company in Buffalo County.

Buffalo County Historical Society, 2003. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.oldcottonmill.com/buffalo-tales/BTales_200305.html>.

While I was researching for this project, I learned that farm machinery dealerships

didn’t always make farm machinery during the war. The International Harvester

Company became a production center for war products such as: rifles, motor

trucks, and heavy industrial tools. This coincided with my research on rationing

farm equipment and why it was rationed. There wasn’t enough metal, and the

dealerships were being used for war production.

Millner, Melissa. "Massey-Harris Self-Propelled Combines and Harvest Brigade." Old

Farm Equipment - Tractors - Engines. Blogger, 2 July 2013. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://oldtractors-engines.blogspot.com/2013/07/massey-harris-self-propelled-

Wicks 18

combines.html>.

This source talks about complications for farm equipment manufacturers during

the war. Steel was rationed, there was a restriction on what could be bought and

how much could be made. New, more efficient machinery was developed and put

into action with certain stipulations. This information ties in with my

grandfather’s story about his corn planter. I also used this site for a picture that

discusses "The 1944 Battle For Bread".

Moore, Sam. "The War Effort: WWII Quotas Cut Farm Machinery Supplies." Farm

Collector. Odgen Publications, Inc., Aug. 2002. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.farmcollector.com/company-history/war-production-board-and-

farm-machinery.aspx>.

This source talks about the Office of Production Management (OPM) and the

incorporation of it into our government systems. The OPM was the instigator of

the restriction of the production of farm machinery. It stressed the importance of

war production and creating goods that could be used overseas. This source is also

where I found one of my pictures I use in my website. The drawing is quite

humorous, and very true.

National Museum of American History. "Opportunity or Exploitation: The Bracero

Program." America on the Move. National Museum of American History,

Smithsonian Institution. Web. 05 Mar. 2014.

<http://amhistory.si.edu/onthemove/themes/story_51_5.html>.

This source is for an exhibition on the Bracero Program through the National

Museum of American History. I learned from this site that the program started

Wicks 19

during our involvement in World War II and continued through 1964. Thousands

of braceros worked in the U.S. during that span of around 16 years. This site was

very useful in background information about the program.

Northwestern University Library. "World War II Poster Collection." Northwestern

University Library. Northwestern University Library, Web. 05 Mar. 2014.

<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/wwii-posters/index.html>.

This is an online database of hundreds of World War II posters and

advertisements. I used this database to find some of my posters that I used in my

website. These posters put the time period and everything that’s going on into

perspective. They really help give the notion that this war was a people’s war as

much as a soldier’s war. The majority of the population actively participated in

the war effort.

Plains Humanities Alliance, and Center for Digital Research in the Humanities. "The

Great Plains During World War II." The Great Plains During World War II.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2008. Web. 11 Mar. 2014.

<http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/homefront/homefront.news.nf.19420711>.

I live in the Midwest/Great Plains region of the United States, so this resource

was very useful for me. It provided me with information affecting my own state,

South Dakota, and neighboring states. This site gave me new information and

reaffirmed some things I had already discovered. It also provided me with an

abundant supply of primary sources to look at and learn from as it incorporated

them into the site. Sometimes it is hard to find information on a topic like mine,

but this source was really very helpful for me.

Wicks 20

Stuckel, Brett. "Farming for Freedom-WWII Work Song." State of Place. Wordpress, 12

Apr. 2013. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. <http://www.stateofplace.com/farming-for-

freedom-ww2-work-song/>.

I wanted to have a little music on my page, but I could not find anything that I

thought fit with my topic. As I was looking, I found this source with some really

great sound lyrics. The song is called farming for freedom and was sung by WLA

workers as they worked on the farm. The only problem with the song was, there

were no recordings! I asked my brother if he would sing it for me to put on my

website and he agreed to.

The Brigade. "WWII-propaganda-posters-500-29: TheBRIGADE." The Brigade.

Resignation Media, LLC, 2014. Web. 13 Apr. 2014.

<http://thebrigade.thechive.com/2012/10/01/gotta-love-the-classics-wwii-

propaganda-posters-73-photos/wwii-propaganda-posters-500-29/#comments>.

On this website I found an advertisement that I used to show that our country was

attacking on all fronts: at home and overseas. The people left behind had to

provide for those gone and work for the war effort. These advertisements were

very interesting to find and study; each of them helps the observer to understand

what was going on at that time in history.

The Ganzel Group Communications. "Rationing and Scrap Drives in Rural America."

Rationing and Scrap Drives in Rural America. Wessels Living History Farm,

2001. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe40s/life_08.html>.

I used this site to learn about rationing and how it affected people’s livelihoods. It

Wicks 21

did lessen their right to make, provide, and create nourishment out of certain

foods, but at this point in time, responsibility was greater than the right of eating.

The responsibility to our soldiers to provide for them and continue to support the

war back home was greater than our other rights. I used this site to research

rationing and how farmers coped with the loss of workers. The war hit rural areas

pretty bad, but the people did their best to continue on.

The Quad-City Times. "Exhibit Looks at Mexican Labor Program." The Quad-City

Times. The Quad-City Times, 27 Feb. 2014. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://qctimes.com/exhibit-looks-at-mexican-labor-program/article_b680f99e-

6534-58bd-8790-c4204a3be696.html>.

This source is where I found out about the Bracero Program exhibit supported by

the National American Museum of American History. This exhibit was shown on

display through mid-May. This site led me to other avenues to continue my

research and gave me other ideas of how to incorporate all of my research.

Tobar, Hector. "Former Bracero Recalls Program's Legacy." Los Angeles Times. Los

Angeles Times, 15 Oct. 2010. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://articles.latimes.com/2010/oct/15/local/la-me-tobar-20101015>.

As I was researching the Bracero Program, I came across this Los Angeles Times

article. This article brought into light the impact the Bracero Program had on the

Mexican workers and how some of them felt about the program. Living in the

U.S. was a drastic change for them, but they still came to work here anyway. I

also used this webpage to find a picture for my project.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln. "The Home Front." The Great Plains During World

Wicks 22

War II. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2008. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.

<http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/homefront/rationing?section=homefront>.

This source was created by a semi-local college, and really helped me in my

research. It showed how the Midwest was effected (my area of the country) and

what those communities had to go through during the war. Not only was this a

good source; it was close to home. The information that this site provided helped

me to understand some of the stories my father and uncle have told me about my

grandfather and our community during the war.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. "Rationing." World War II on the Home

Front: Rationing. University of North Carolina, 2014. Web. 13 Feb. 2014.

<http://www.learnnc.org/lp/multimedia/13285>.

This is a poster showing the need for rubber and how it was used by the United

States military. Before the war, most of our nation’s rubber came from Southeast

Asia, which was occupied by Japan early in the war. Civilians in the U.S. had to

ration rubber so that our soldiers would be able to use it overseas. I used this site

to find information and posters showing this rationing.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. "World War II on the Home Front:

Rationing." Learn NC Multimedia. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,

2008. Web. 02 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/ww2-rationing/contents>.

This is another U.S. poster storage site sponsored by the University of North

Carolina. This site provided me with posters from World War II and informed me

of the location of the original copies. Along with the posters, the site provided me

Wicks 23

with background information on the home front and how the posters impacted

U.S. civilian life.

Weiss, Elaine F. "Before Rosie the Riveter, Farmerettes Went to Work."

Smithsonian.com. Smithsonian.com, 29 May 2009. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.

<http://www.smithsonianmag.com/womens-history/before-rosie-the-riveter-

farmerettes-went-to-work-141638628/?no-ist>.

The United States WLA was adopted after the British "Farm Lassies" in World

War I, and also active in World War II. These women filled in for any jobs

needed on the farm and were an important influence on increasing production

rates. The Smithsonian Institute supports this site and I used it for information on

the Women’s Land Army and what it accomplished.

Wells, Jordan. "War Time Rationing During WWII." Fourwinds10.com.

Fourwinds10.com, 2014. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.

<http://www.fourwinds10.net/siterun_data/history/american/news.php?

q=1276235941>.

During World War II, luxuries and necessities both became very scarce when

everything was rationed. This source gave information on rationed items such as

rubber, foodstuffs, and much more. This source provided me with information on

ration booklets and how they were used. I actually found some ration booklets in

my grandma’s house that I put on my website as well.

Wicks, Noah. Farming for Freedom. Women's Land Army Workers. 1944. State of

Place. Web. Mar. 2014. <http://www.stateofplace.com/farming-for-freedom-

ww2-work-song/>.

Wicks 24

This is a song sung by women in the Women's Land Army as they were working

in the fields. I found it online and in a book, but there were no known recordings

of it. My brother is a better singer than me, so I asked him if he would sing it for

me. He eventually agreed and his recording is found on my website.

Wicks, Terry. "What Was Grandpa Amos's Story?" Personal interview. Mar. 2014.

Amos Wicks was my grandfather and he told stories to his children about what it

was like during World War II. He had really wanted to go fight, but wasn't

allowed to because he was needed at home. Since Grandpa isn't around to tell me

those same stories, I asked my dad instead.

Wikipedia. "United States Home Front During World War II." Wikipedia. Wikimedia

Foundation, 3 Mar. 2014. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_home_front_during_World_War_II#

Farming>.

This site allowed me to confirm much of the other information I had already

discovered. This provided me with information on farming and what the youth did

to help during World War II.

Woodward, Mylinda. "Pod Squad." UNH Magazine Fall '13 Issue. University of New

Hampshire Magazine, 1997. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.

<http://unhmagazine.unh.edu/f13/historypage.html>.

During World War II, many children wanted to contribute to the war effort like

everyone else was. This desire helped to create competitions for milkweed pod

collection. I used this resource to learn about what children did, and as a source

for a picture from University of New Hampshire Archives.

annotated bibliography nhd 2014

Documents