part1Some notable people in the court’s historyAppendix

209

208

Judges and Commission Members

Judges and Commission Members

Judges of the Court

The following list includes judges serving on 10 October 2010.

On 22 June 2010 Angelika Nussberger was elected judge in

respect of Germany for a term of office starting on 1 January

2011. On 5 October 2010 Julia Laffranque was elected judge

in respect of Estonia for a term of office starting on 1 January

2011. On 5 October 2010 Linos-Alexander Sicilianos was

elected judge in respect of Greece for a term of office starting

on 18 May 2011. (Ad hoc judges have not been included.)

Albania

Traja, Kristaq (M) 1998–2008Bianku, Ledi (M) from 2008

Andorra

Casadevall, Josep (M) from 1996

Armenia

Gyulumyan, Alvina (F) from 2003

Austria

Verdross, Alfred (M) 1959–77Matscher, Franz (M) 1977–98Fuhrmann, Willi (M) 1998–2001Steiner, Elisabeth (F) from 2001

Azerbaijan

Hajiyev, Khanlar (M) from 2003

Belgium

Rolin, Henri (M) 1959–73Ganshof van der Meersch, Walter (M) 1973–86De Meyer, Jan (M) 1986–98Tulkens, Françoise (F) from 1998

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Mijović, Ljiljana (F) from 2004

Bulgaria

Gotchev, Dimitar (M) 1992–8Botoucharova, Snejana (F) 1998–2008Kalaydjieva, Zdravka (F) from 2008

Croatia

Vajić, Nina (F) from 1998

Cyprus

Zekia, Mehmed (M) 1961–84Loizou, Andreas Nicolas (M) 1990–8Loucaides, Loukis (M) 1998–2008Nicolaou, George (M) from 2008

Czech Republic

(Czechoslovakia 1992, Czech Republic from 1993)Repík, Bohumil (M) 1992–3 (thereafter judge in

respect of Slovakia)Jungwiert, Karel (M) from 1993

Denmark

Ross, Alf Niels Christian (M) 1959–71Pedersen, Helga (F) 1971–80Sørensen, Max (M) 1980–1Gersing, Jørgen (M) 1982–8Foighel, Isi (M) 1989–98Lorenzen, Peer (M) from 1998

Estonia

Lõhmus, Uno (M) 1994–8Maruste, Rait (M) from 1998 (see introductory note)

Finland

Pekkanen, Raimo (M) 1989–98Pellonpää, Matti (M) 1998–2006Hirvelä, Päivi (F) from 2007

France

Cassin, René Samuel (M) 1959–76Teitgen, Pierre-Henri (M) 1976–80Pettiti, Louis-Edmond (M) 1980–98Costa, Jean-Paul (M) from 1998

Georgia

Ugrekhelidze, Mindia (M) 1999–2008Tsotsoria, Nona (F) from 2008

Germany

Mosler, Hermann (M) 1959–80Bernhardt, Rudolf (M) 1981–98Ress, Georg (M) 1998–2004Jaeger, Renate (F) from 2004 (see introductory note)

Greece

Maridakis, Georges (M) 1959–70Evrigenis, Dimitris (M) 1975–86Valticos, Nicolas (M) 1986–98Rozakis, Christos (M) from 1998 (see introductory note)

Hungary

Baka, András B. (M) 1991–2008Sajó, András (M) from 2008

Iceland

Arnalds, Einar (M) 1959–67Sigurjónsson, Sigurgeir (M) 1967–71Vilhjálmsson, Thór (M) 1971–98Jörundsson, Gaukur (M) 1998–2004Thór Björgvinsson, Davíd (M) from 2004

Ireland

McGonigal, Richard (M) 1959–64Maguire, Conor Alexander (M) 1965–71O’Donoghue, Philip (M) 1971–80Walsh, Brian (M) 1980–98Hedigan, John (M) 1998–2007Power, Ann (F) from 2008

Italy

Balladore Pallieri, Giorgio (M) 1959–80Russo, Carlo (M) 1981–98Conforti, Benedetto (M) 1998–2001Zagrebelsky, Vladimiro (M) 2001–10Raimondi, Guido (M) from 2010

Latvia

Levits, Egils (M) 1995–2004Ziemele, Ineta (F) from 2005

Liechtenstein

Macdonald, Ronald St. John (Canadian) (M) 1980–98Caflisch, Lucius (Swiss) (M) 1998–2006Villiger, Mark (Swiss) (M) from 2006

Lithuania

Kūris, Pranas (M) 1994–2004

Jočienė, Danutė (F) from 2004

appendix

210 211

The Conscience of Europe: 50 Years of the European Court of Human Rights Judges and Commission Members

Palm, Elisabeth (F) 1988–2003Fura, Elisabet (F) from 2003

Switzerland

Favre, Antoine (M) 1963–74Bindschedler-Robert, Denise (F) 1975–91Wildhaber, Luzius (M) 1991–2006Malinverni, Giorgio (M) from 2007

‘The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia’

Tsatsa-Nikolovska, Margarita (F) 1998–2008Lazarova Trajkovska, Mirjana (F) from 2008

Turkey

Arik, Kemel Fikret (M) 1959–65Bilge, Suat (M) 1966–72Bozer, Ali (M) 1973–7Gölcüklü, Feyyaz (M) 1977–98Türmen, Rıza (M) 1998–2008Karakaş, Işıl (F) from 2008

Ukraine

Butkevych, Volodymyr (M) 1996–2008Yudkivska, Ganna (F) from 2010

United Kingdom

McNair, Lord (Arnold Duncan) (M) 1959–66Waldock, Sir Humphrey (M) 1966–74Fitzmaurice, Sir Gerald (M) 1974–80Evans, Sir Vincent (M) 1980–90Freeland, Sir John (M) 1991–8Bratza, Sir Nicolas (M) from 1998

MeMbers of the CoMMission

The Commission ceased to exist in 1999.

Andorra

Vila Amigó, Marc (M) 1996–9

Austria

Ermacora, Felix (M) 1958–95Herndl, Kurt (M) 1995–8

Belgium

Janssen-Pevtschin, Geneviève (F) 1954–66Delahaye, Pedro O. Ch. (M) 1966–72Custers, Jozef (M) 1972–8Melchior, Michel (M) 1978–84Vandenberghe, Hugo (M) 1984–90Geus, Jean-Claude (M) 1990–9

Bulgaria

Konstantinov, Emil (M) 1993–7Arabadjiev, Alexander S. (M) 1997–9

Cyprus

Triantafyllides, Michalakis Antoniou (M) 1963–89Loucaides, Loukis (M) 1989–8

Czech Republic

Mucha, Jiri (M) 1993–8

Denmark

Hansen, Ingeborg (F) 1954Sørensen, Max (M) 1954–73Nørgaard, Carl Aage (M) 1973–95Lorenzen, Peer (M) 1995–8

Estonia

Hion, Mai (F) 1996–9

Finland

Pellonpää, Matti Paavo (M) 1990–8

France

Dupuy, Jean-René (M) 1974–81Soyer, Jean-Claude (M) 1981–99

Germany

Fuest, Irmgard (F) 1954–6Süsterhenn, Adolf (M) 1954–73Frowein, Jochen A. (M) 1973–94Ress, Georg (M) 1994–8

(On 1 January 1957 the term of office of Mrs Fuest, elected in respect of the Saar, came to an end following the political integration of the Saar into the Federal Republic of Germany. As a result of this integration the Saar ceased to be an Associate Member of the Council of Europe and thereby a High Contracting Party to the Convention.)

Luxembourg

Rodenbourg, Eugène (M) 1959–75Delvaux, Henri (M) 1976–7Liesch, Léon (M) 1977–85Spielmann, Alphonse (M) 1985–98Fischbach, Marc (M) 1998–2004Spielmann, Dean (M) from 2004

Malta

Cremona, John (M) 1965–92Mifsud Bonnici, Giuseppe (M) 1992–8Bonello, Giovanni (M) 1998–2010De Gaetano, Vincent Anthony (M) from 2010

Moldova

Panţîru, Tudor (M) 1996–2001Pavlovschi, Stanislav (M) 2001–8Poalelungi, Mihai (M) from 2008

Monaco

Berro-Lefèvre, Isabelle (F) from 2006

Montenegro

(Serbia and Montenegro 2004–6, Montenegro from 2006)Vučinić, Nebojša (M) from 2008

The Netherlands

Van Asbeck, Baron Frederik Mari (M) 1959–66Wiarda, Gerard J. (M) 1966–85Donner, André (M) 1986–7Martens, Sibrand Karel (M) 1988–96Van Dijk, Petrus (M) 1996–8Thomassen, Wilhelmina (F) 1998–2004Myjer, Egbert (M) from 2004

Norway

Wold, Terje (M) 1959–72Ryssdal, Rolv (M) 1973–98Greve, Hanne Sophie (F) 1998–2004Jebens, Sverre Erik (M) from 2004

Poland

Makarczyk, Jerzy (M) 1992–2002Garlicki, Lech (M) from 2002

Portugal

Pinheiro Farinha, João de Deus (M) 1977–91Lopes Rocha, Manuel Antonio (M) 1991–8Cabral Barreto, Ireneu (M) from 1998

Romania

Voicu, Marin (M) 1996–8Bîrsan, Corneliu (M) from 1998

Russia

Toumanov, Vladimir (M) 1997–8Kovler, Anatoly (M) from 1999

San Marino

Bigi, Federico (M) 1991–6Ferrari Bravo, Luigi (Italian) (M) 1998–2001Mularoni, Antonella (F) 2001–8Pardalos, Kristina (F) from 2009

Serbia

(Serbia and Montenegro 2004–6, Serbia from 2006)Popović, Dragoljub (M) from 2005

Slovakia

(Czechoslovakia 1992, Slovakia from 1993)Repík, Bohumil (M) 1992–8Strážnická, Viera (F) 1998–2004Šikuta, Ján (M) from 2004

Slovenia

Jambrek, Peter (M) 1993–8Zupančič, Boštjan (M) from 1998

Spain

García de Enterría, Eduardo (M) 1978–86Carrillo Salcedo, Juan Antonio (M) 1986–9Morenilla, José María (M) 1990–8Pastor Ridruejo, José Antonio (M) 1998–2003Borrego Borrego, Francisco Javier (M) 2003–8López Guerra, Luis (M) from 2008

Sweden

Holmbäck, Åke Ernst (M) 1959–71Petrén, Sture (M) 1971–6Lagergren, Gunnar (M) 1977–88

212 213

The Conscience of Europe: 50 Years of the European Court of Human Rights

Greece

Eustathiades, Constantin Th. (M) 1954–70Tenekides, George (M) 1975–87Rozakis, Christos (M) 1987–98

Hungary

Bekes, Imre (M) 1993–9

Iceland

Jonasson, Herman (M) 1954–7Skarphédinsson, Fridjón (M) 1957–61Sigurjónsson, Sigurgeir (M) 1962–6Björnsson Lindal, Theódór (M) 1967–73Jörundsson, Gaukur (M) 1974–98

Ireland

Black, William (M) 1954–6Crosbie, James (M) 1956–61Maguire, Martin J. (M) 1961–2Maguire, Conor A. (M) 1962–5O’Donoghue, Philip (M) 1965–71Mangan, Kevin (M) 1971–5Kiernan, Brendan J. (M) 1975–87Liddy, Jane (F) 1987–99

Italy

Dominedo, Francesco Maria (M) 1954–60Sperduti, Giuseppe (M) 1960–92Conforti, Benedetto (M) 1993–8

Liechtenstein

Batliner, Gerard (M) 1983–90Marxer, Benedikt (M) 1990–99

Lithuania

Bieliunas, Egidijus (M) 1996–9

Luxembourg

Faber, Paul (M) 1954–63Welter, Felix Albert (M) 1963–75Klecker, Nic (M) 1975–81Weitzel, Albert (M) 1981–99

Malta

Busuttil, Edwin (M) 1967–99

The Netherlands

Beaufort, Leo Josephus Cornelis (M) 1954–65Gaay Fortman, Wilhelm Friedrich de (M) 1965–73Polak, Carel H. (M) 1973–81Schermers, Henricus (M) 1981–96Alkema, Evert (M) 1996–9

Norway

Berg, Paal (M) 1954–60Castberg, Frede (M) 1960–70Opsahl, Torkel (M) 1970–84Thune, Gro Hillestad (F) 1984–99

Poland

Nowicki, Marek A. (M) 1993–9

Portugal

Branco de Sampaio, Jorge Fernando (M) 1979–84Campinos, Jorge J. (M) 1984–90Almeida Ribeiro, Angelo Vidal (M) 1990–2Cabral Barreto, Ireneu (M) 1993–8

Romania

Birsan, Corneliu (M) 1995–8

San Marino

Reffi, Giordano Bruno (M) 1992–6Nicolini, Roberto (M) 1997–9

Slovakia

Svaby, Daniel (M) 1993–9

Slovenia

Perenic, Anton (M) 1995–9

Spain

Carrillo Salcedo, Juan Antonio (M) 1979–86Martínez Ruiz, Luis Fernando (M) 1986–99

Sweden

Petrén, Sture (M) 1954–69Kellberg, Love (M) 1969–83Danelius, Hans (M) 1983–99

SwitzerlandTrechsel, Stefan (M) 1975–99

Turkey

Akbay, Muvaffak (M) 1954–7Erim, Nihat (M) 1957–63Balta, Tahsin Bekir (M) 1963–9Daver, Bülent (M) 1969–81Gözübüyük, Seref (M) 1981–99

United Kingdom

Waldock, Sir Humphrey (M) 1954–62Fawcett, Sir James (M) 1962–84Anton, Sir Alexander Elder (M) 1984–5Hall, Sir Basil (M) 1985–93Bratza, Sir Nicolas (M) 1993–8

Judges and Commission Members

215214

Commentaries and Manuals on the Convention

The following recent commentaries and manuals in English are listed on the Internet pages of the Court’s library (‘Manuals on the Convention’) and may be found in well-stocked bookshops. The Court takes no responsibility for their content nor does their appearance on this list amount to an endorsement by the Court. Please refer to the library’s web pages for future updates.

The European Convention on Human Rights; R.C.A. White and C. Ovey, 5th edn. – Oxford, New York, Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-19954-338-0

Law of the European Convention on Human Rights; D.J. Harris, M. O’Boyle, E. Bates and C. Buckley, 2nd edn. – Oxford, New York, Oxford University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-406-90594-9

A Practitioner’s Guide to the European Convention on Human Rights; K. Reid, 3rd edn. – London, Thomson/Sweet & Maxwell, 2008, ISBN 978-1-84703-120-4

European Human Rights Law: Text and Materials; M.W. Janis, R.S. Kay and A.W. Bradley, 3rd edn. – Oxford, New York, Oxford University Press, 2008, ISBN 978-0-19-927746-9

Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights; P. van Dijk et al. (eds.), 4th edn. – Antwerp, Oxford, Intersentia, 2006, ISBN 90-5095-546-0

Taking a Case to the European Court of Human Rights; P. Leach, 2nd edn. – Oxford, New York, Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-19-927528-9

Human Rights Practice; J. Simor and B. Emmerson (eds.) – London, Sweet and Maxwell, 2000, ISBN 0-421-62540-6

European Human Rights: Taking a Case under the Convention; L.J. Clements, N. Mole and A. Simmons, 2nd edn. – London, Sweet & Maxwell, 1999, ISBN 0-421-621605

Some Council of Europe Bodies of Interest

Parliamentary Assembly www.assembly.coe.int The members of the Parliamentary Assembly come from the national parliaments of the Council of Europe’s 47 member States. The Assembly has been behind many of the Organization’s major initiatives (the European Convention on Human Rights, for instance). Among other business, it elects the judges of the European Court of Human Rights and monitors how member States honour the commitments they enter into on becoming members of the Council of Europe.

Execution of the Court’s Judgments www.coe.int/execution The Department for the Execution of Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights assists the Committee of Ministers in its function of supervising the execution of these judgments by member States.

The Commissioner for Human Rights www.coe.int/commissioner The Commissioner for Human Rights – an independent institution within the Council of Europe – is mandated to promote the awareness of and respect for human rights.

Directorate General of Human Rights and Legal Affairs www.coe.int/t/dghl This Directorate General has overall responsibility for the development and implementation of the human rights and rule of law standards of the Council of Europe, including the promotion of democracy through law, the operation of relevant treaties and related monitoring mechanisms, and the development and implementation of activities in these fields.

Prevention of Torture www.cpt.coe.int The CPT (Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment) visits places of detention in order to assess how persons deprived of their liberty are treated.

Protection of Social and Economic Rights www.coe.int/socialcharter The European Committee of Social Rights (ECSR) monitors compliance with the European Social Charter.

Combating Racism www.coe.int/ecri The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) combats racism, xenophobia, antisemitism and intolerance in greater Europe.

Action against Trafficking in Human Beings www.coe.int/trafficking The Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings set up a Group of Experts (GRETA) and a Committee in charge of monitoring the implementation of that Convention.

Protection of National Minorities www.coe.int/minorities An Advisory Committee – set up under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities – makes recommendations for improving minority protection.

Protection of Regional or Minority Languages www.coe.int/minlang A Committee of Independent Experts – set up under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages – makes recommendations for improvements in legislation, policy and practice.

Venice Commission www.venice.coe.int The European Commission for Democracy through Law, better known as the Venice Commission, is an advisory body on constitutional matters. Initially conceived as a tool for emergency constitutional engineering, it has become an internationally recognised independent legal think-tank. It now has 57 members since States outside Europe are also allowed to join.

Publications and Other Resources Made Available by the CourtThe Court’s Annual Report and the documents from its annual seminar (‘Dialogue between Judges’) are available on the Court’s Internet site (www.echr.coe.int). The Court’s official series Reports of Judgments and Decisions may be purchased directly from the publisher (www.heymanns.com). The Registry publishes a monthly Information Note which summarizes recently examined cases of interest. It is available on-line and a hard-copy version can be posted to subscribers.

The on-line database HUDOC contains judgments, decisions, advisory opinions of the Court, reports of the European Commission of Human Rights, Resolutions of the Committee of Ministers, over 1,000 translations of judgments into some 20 non-official languages as well as links to third-party Internet sites with further case-law translations. A paying HUDOC DVD is updated three times a year.

The on-line database of the Court’s library enables users to search for bibliographical references in a number of languages, either by case title or Convention Article (for example, CEDH-3 – please note that when searching by Article you must use the French denomination for ECHR, that is, CEDH).

Publications by Council of Europe PublishingThe following recent publications relating to the Convention may be ordered on-line from Council of Europe Publishing (www.book.coe.int).

General booksThe Council of Europe and Human Rights: An Introduction to the European Convention on Human Rights (2010), ISBN 978-92-871-6836-8

The Court in Facts and Figures: 1959-2009 (2010), ISBN 978-92-871-6927-3

Human Rights and Criminal Procedure: The Case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (2009), ISBN 978-92-871-6689-0

Reforming the European Convention on Human Rights: A

Work in Progress (2009), ISBN 978-92-871-6604-3

The Position of Aliens in Relation to the European Convention on Human Rights (2007), ISBN 978-92-871-6098-0

Manual on Human Rights and the Environment: Principles Emerging from the Case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (2006), ISBN 978-92-871-5980-9

Short Guide to the European Convention on Human Rights (3rd edn., 2005), ISBN 978-92-871-5670-9

Key Case-law Extracts: European Court of Human Rights (2004), ISBN 978-92-871-5055-4 Human Rights Files Asylum and the European Convention on Human Rights (no. 9, 2010), ISBN 978-92-871-6819-1

The Execution of Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights (no. 19, 2008), ISBN 978-92-871-6373-8

Social Security as a Human Right: The Protection Afforded by the European Convention on Human Rights (no. 23, 2007), ISBN 978-92-871-6261-8

Freedom of Expression in Europe: Case-law Concerning Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights (no. 18, 2007), ISBN 978-92-871-6094-2

The Length of Civil and Criminal Proceedings in the Case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (no. 16, 2007), ISBN 978-92-871-6266-3

Environmental Protection and the European Convention on Human Rights (no. 21, 2005), ISBN 978-92-871-5698-3

Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights: Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion (no. 20, 2005), ISBN 978-92-871-5626-6

Introduction to the European Convention on Human Rights: The Rights Guaranteed and the Protection Mechanism (no. 1, 2005), ISBN 978-92-871-5715-7

Further Reading

Further Reading

217216

Page 92: Extracts from a speech given by L. Wildhaber on the occasion of the opening of the Court’s judicial year, 21 January 2005; full text published in Dialogue between Judges 2005, Council of Europe, 2005.

Pages 109–10: Extract from the foreword by H. Petzold to Œuvres d’Henri Rolin – Volume II: Henri Rolin et les droits de l’homme, Les Amis d’Henri Rolin ASBL (eds.), Bruylant, 1999; reproduced by kind permission of the author and the publisher.

Pages 112–3: Extracts from a speech given by R. Ryssdal on 29 April 1988 at the presentation of a Liber Amicorum to Gerard Wiarda, President of the Court, 1981–5; F. Matscher and H. Petzold (eds.), Protecting Human Rights: The European Dimension. Studies in Honour of Gerard J. Wiarda, Carl Heymanns, 1988.

Page 128: Mélanges offerts à Polys Modinos – Problèmes des droits de l’homme et de l’unification européenne, Editions A. Pedone, 1968.

Page 144: Extract from a speech given by P. Modinos on the occasion of the inauguration of the then Human Rights Building, 28 September 1965; full speech published in the booklet Inauguration of the Human Rights Building, Council of Europe, 1965.

Page 145: Speech given by R. Cassin on the occasion of the inauguration of the then Human Rights Building, 28 September 1965, published in the booklet Inauguration of the Human Rights Building, Council of Europe, 1965.

Page 169: Extracts from A Council for All Seasons – 50th Anniversary of the Council of Europe, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Malta, 1999.

Pages 174–5: Extract from Law in the Changing Europe. Liber Amicorum Pranas Kūris, Mykolo Romerio universitetas, 2008, by kind permission of the author and the publisher.

Picture Credits

All images used in this publication are the copyright of Council of Europe unless otherwise noted below.

Page 8: Schwarzkopf Stiftung (2008); 12: Roosevelt Stichting (photographer: Lex de Meester); 41B, 42 and 43: Stefan Trechsel; 44: Chris Roodbeen and De Telegraaf; 54–5: Jesse van Muylwijck; 56–7: Noëlle Herrenschmidt; 60: Charles Demicoli; 63: Musée d’Histoire de la Ville de Luxembourg (photographer: Christof Weber); 77: Courtesy of the Albanian Post Office sh.a. and of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Albania; courtesy of the government of the Republic of Georgia; 81: Getty Images; 128: Editions A. Pedone; 130: Council of Europe/Hermès International; 132: Stefan Trechsel; 149: Frantisek Zvardon; 150–1: Richard Rogers Partnership and Atelier Claude Bucher Architects; 157: The Stockholm Institute of Public and International Law; 164: Solo Syndication; 165: Leiden University (photographer: Astrid Koppers); 170: Stage 1; 172: Jos Collignon; 177: International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP); 179 and 180–1: UNMIK Division of Public Information; 189: Wilhelmina Thomassen; 195: Council of the European Union; 196: Yoshiko Kusano and Monika Flückiger.

Acknowledgements

The Editorial Board is indebted to European NAvigator (ENA) digital library, designed and developed by the Centre Virtuel de la Connaissance sur l’Europe (www.ena.lu), for their precious assistance.

The Editorial Board would also like to thank Stefan Trechsel for the use of the images at pages 41–3 and 132, Frantisek Zvardon (www.zvardon.com) for the use of the image at page 149, Christian Meyer for the use of the images at page 153 and on the back cover (bottom left), and Patrick Müller for the use of the image at pages 160–1.

Finally, special thanks to Jos Collignon, Noëlle Herrenschmidt, Chris Roodbeen and De Telegraaf for the use of their drawings or cartoons, and to the British Cartoon Archive (www.cartoons.ac.uk).

Notice

All reference to Kosovo*, whether to the territory, institutions or population, in this book shall be understood in full compliance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 and without prejudice to the status of Kosovo.

Sources, Credits Acknowledgements and Notice

Sources, Credits, Acknowledgements and Notice

Every effort has been made to contact the copyright holders of all works reproduced. If any acknowledgements have been omitted, please contact Third Millennium Publishing.

Sources

Page 16: Extract from E. Metcalfe’s article ‘The Strange Jurisprudence of Lord Hoffmann: Human Rights and the International Judge’, UCL Human Rights Review, 2009, Second Edition, reproduced by kind permission of the author and the publisher.

Page 18: Extract from a presentation delivered by P. Carozza on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Court and the opening of its judicial year, 30 January 2009; full speech published in Dialogue between Judges 2009, Council of Europe, 2009.

Page 19 (bottom left): Extract from a presentation delivered by P. Robinson on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Court and the opening of its judicial year, 30 January 2009; full speech published in Dialogue between Judges 2009, Council of Europe, 2009.

Page 19 (top right): Extract from a speech given by Dame Rosalyn Higgins on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Court and the opening of its judicial year, 30 January 2009; full speech published in Dialogue between Judges 2009, Council of Europe, 2009.

Page 20: Extract from a presentation delivered by V. Skouris on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Court and the opening of its judicial year, 30 January 2009; full speech published in Dialogue between Judges 2009, Council of Europe, 2009.

Page 22: Extract from a speech given by L. Benvenuti on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the entry into force of the Convention, 18 September 1963; full speech published in the booklet Tenth Anniversary of the Entry into Force of the European Convention on Human Rights, Council of Europe, 1963.

Page 25: Extract from a speech given by Sir Humphrey Waldock on the occasion of the Brussels Exhibition, 3 September 1958; full speech published in the booklet Fifth Anniversary of the Coming into Force of the European Convention on Human Rights, Council of Europe, 1959.

Page 26: Extract from a speech given by M. de Boer-Buquicchio on 28 September 2009, in the context of the exhibition of the original documents of the Statute of the Council of Europe and the European Convention on Human Rights, on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the Council of Europe.

Pages 28–9: Extracts from the Supplement to the Council of Europe News of August 1954 dedicated to the Inauguration of the European Commission of Human Rights.

Page 33: Extract from the foreword by P.-H. Teitgen to La Convention européenne des droits de l’homme : commentaire article par article, L.E. Pettiti, E. Decaux and P.-H. Imbert (eds.), 1st edn., Economica, 1995.

Page 36: Extract from a speech given by Sir Humphrey Waldock on the occasion of the Brussels Exhibition, 3 September 1958; full speech published in the booklet Fifth Anniversary of the Coming into Force of the European Convention on Human Rights, Council of Europe, 1959.

Page 57: Extract from a speech given by L. Wildhaber on the occasion of the opening of the Court’s judicial year, 21 January 2005; full speech published in Dialogue between Judges 2005, Council of Europe, 2005.

Page 72: Extract from a letter dated November 1983 addressed by a judge to the then President of the Court, Gerard Wiarda.

Pages 88–93: Chapter 5 is principally based on the Committee of Ministers’ Annual Report 2009 on the Supervision of the Execution of Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights, Council of Europe, 2010.

Page 91: Extract from the Declaration adopted at the High Level Conference on the Future of the Court, held in Interlaken, Switzerland, on 18 and 19 February 2010.

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Antonio Bultrini, Professeur de droit

international près l’Université de

Florence

Ireneu Cabral Barreto, Judge of the ECHR/

Juge à la CEDH

Loïc Cadiet

Ebru Çağlar Çakmak

A.I.L. Campbell

Josep Casadevall, Judge of the ECHR/Juge

à la CEDH

Centre de Documentation et de Recherches

Européennes – Faculté Pluridisciplinaire

de Bayonne

Gérard Cohen-Jonathan

Consulate General of Japan at Strasbourg

R. Cook

R. Cornelisse

Jean-Paul Costa, President of the ECHR/

Président de la CEDH

Arthur Cox

The Danish Institute for Human Rights

Davies, Gore, Lomax, solicitors

Geert Debersaques – Eerste

voorzitter van de Raad voor

Vreemdelingenbetwistingen

Dominique Dell’Acqua

Olivier Dell’asino

Christian Deneve

Brice Dickson

Dr Frank Chetcuti Dimech

Sally Dollé

Jean Duffar, Professeur de Facultés de

Droit, Paris

Florent Duplouy

Lucy Dupong

Monica Dyer

Dennis Edelen

Embassy of the Federal Republic of

Germany

EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA)

Magistrate Dr Marse-Ann Farrugia

Geneviève Frereux

Erik Fribergh

Evelyne Friedel

Vincent A. De Gaetano, Judge of the

ECHR/Juge à la CEDH

Piers Gardner

Nikolaos K. Gavalas

The General Register Office for Scotland

Georgetown University Law Library

J.H. Gerards

Professor Thomas Giegerich

Guy S. Goodwin-Gill

Regis de Gouttes, Premier Avocat Géneral

Honoraire à la cour de cassation (France)

Claudio Grossman

Olivier Guillod

Alvina Gyulumyan, Judge of the ECHR/

Juge à la CEDH

Yves Haeck

Dr Albrecht Haller

Robert John Hamerslag

Harris Manchester College, Oxford

Ruby Harrold-Claesson, Lawyer, President

of the Nordic Committee for Human

Rights – NKMR

Harvard Law School Library

Heafey Law Library, Santa Clara

University

List of Subscribers

Jill Heine

Roland Herrmann

Kevin Hesketh

Hüseyin Hezer

Flora Hinton

Peter Hoopman

House of Representatives, Parliament of

Malta

Pall Hreinsson

Denis Huber

Professeur Ryuichi Ida, Faculté de droit,

Université de Kyoto

Indiana University Maurer School of Law

Institut suisse de droit comparé/Swiss

Institute of Comparative Law

Institute for Human Rights, Åbo Akademi

University, Finland

INTES Družstvo pro výzkum Praha

Raluca Ivan

Beata Jastrzebska

Oskars Jonans

Jackie Jones

Judge Kathryn J. DuFour Law Library,

The Catholic University of America

Juristische Fakultät der Universität

Rostock

Zdravka Kalaydjieva, Judge of the ECHR/

Juge à la CEDH

Ingrid Kempees-Bosman

Regina Kiener

Sabine Klein-Guin

N.R. Koffeman LL.M

Edo Korljan, Council of Europe

Irena Kowalczyk-Kedziora

David Krähenbühl

Yannis Ktistakis

JUDr. Michal Kučera

Professor Dr Martin Kuijer

Vilja Kutvonen

Erick Landon, Avocat spécialiste de

propriété intellectuelle

Markus Lanter

Rick Lawson

Radica Lazareska-Gerovska, Government

Agent of the Republic of Macedonia

Frédéric Lazaud

Paul Lemmens

Dr.Techn/Dr.Ing Halvor Lervik

Dr Peter Leuprecht

Samuel Limosin

Javier Barcelona Llop

Irinoula A. Loizou

Gavin Angus Macdonald

Lydia Madero

Giorgio Malinverni, Judge of the ECHR/

Juge à la CEDH

Karl Marquardt

H.T. Masmeyer

Jeremy McBride

Christine Merkel, Chair, Steering Committee

for Culture, Council of Europe

Jan De Meyer

Susanna Mitton Kempees

Jakob Th. Möller

Professor John Warwick Montgomery PhD,

D.Théol, LL.D

Egbert Myjer, Judge of the ECHR/Juge à la

CEDH

Mirjana Nadaždin Defterdarević

Michel Ngindu

Justice M.M. Nicolatos

Professor Dr J.F. Nijboer

Michael and Margaret O’Boyle

Kaoru Obata

Simon Palmer

Dr Demetrius Papaphilippou

Kristina Pardalos, Judge of the ECHR/Juge

à la CEDH

Sophie Perruchon

Christophe Pettiti, Avocat

Laurent Pettiti

Anne Philippides

Phoebus, Christos Clerides & Associates

LLC

Pasi Pölönen

Dr Jan Rademaker

Bertrand Ramcharan

Professor Speedy Rice

Diana Riochet

Ralph Roche

Richard M. Rogers

Allan Rosas, Judge of the Court of Justice

of the European Union

Ruth Lilly Law Library, Indiana University

School of Law

Anders Ryssdal and Bettina Banoun

Signe Marie Stray Ryssdal

Samford University Law Library

Nikolaos Sansonetis

Manuel Hipólito Almeida dos Santos

William Schabas

Martine Schlüter-Lapierre

Christiane Schmaltz

Professor Dr Rainer J Schweizer, University

of St Gallen

Riccardo Sciaudone, Avvocato, Studio

Legale Grimaldi e Associati, Bruxelles

Scottish Government, Legal Directorate

Dean Spielmann, Judge of the ECHR/Juge

à la CEDH

M. Stapels-Wolfrat

Bart Stapert

Emmanuel Steger

Elisabeth Steiner, Judge of the ECHR/Juge

à la CEDH

Doina Straisteanu

Keijo Suomu

Supreme Administrative Court (Finland)

The Supreme Court of Hungary

Romain Tinière, Professeur de droit public

à la Faculté de droit de Grenoble, IDEDH

Professor Christian Tomuschat, member,

Institut de Droit International

Tribunal administratif de Strasbourg

Tribunal Constitucional d’Andorra

Baronne Françoise Tulkens, Judge of the

ECHR/Juge à la CEDH

The University of Akron School of Law

Library

Susan Vaillant

André Valençot

William Valk and Jennifer Griffith

Hugo Vandenberghe, Honorary Senator

and Honorary Vice President of the

Belgian Senate

Mark Villiger, Judge of the ECHR/Juge à

la CEDH

Martin Weston

Alain Wijffels

Katrien G. Witteman

Willem-Jan van der Wolf, Wolf Legal

Publishers

Ineta Ziemele, Judge of the ECHR/Juge à

la CEDH

220 221

Physical persons have been included in so far as they appear in the book up to and including the lists of judges and Commission members. Authors mentioned only in bibliographical references have not been included, unless their work has been cited. Names of institutions, institutes, non-governmental organizations and the like have not been included, unless they were applicants in a cited case.

Countries other than the Council of Europe member States (whether former or current), regions and places have not been included, unless a specific article has been devoted to one or more of them.

Entries in italics refer to cases brought before the Court or the Commission. Page numbers in bold refer to illustrations.

A. v. the United Kingdom 76A. and Others v. the United Kingdom 184Aas, Nils 117Abdulaziz, Cabales and Balkandali v. the

United Kingdom 30Adenauer, Konrad 28 Airey v. Ireland 46, 168, 173Akbay, Muvaffak 213Al-Adsani v. the United Kingdom 173Al-Jedda v. the United Kingdom 177Al-Skeini and Others v. the United

Kingdom 68, 177Albania 77, 137, 195, 208Ali and Ayşe Duran v. Turkey 173Alkema, Evert 212Allan v. the United Kingdom 173Almeida Ribeiro, Angelo Vidal 212Andorra 208, 211Anton, Sir Alexander Elder 213

Appleby and Others v. the United Kingdom 173

Aprill, J. 142Arabadjiev, Alexander S. 211Arik, Kemel Fikret 211Armenia 76, 156, 176, 208Arnalds, Einar 209Artico v. Italy 173, 184Assanidze v. Georgia 103, 173Asselborn, Jean 8, 9Austria 16, 25, 33, 39, 44, 45, 47, 59,

76, 173, 204, 208, 211Aybay, Rona 180Azerbaijan 79, 127, 138, 176, 208Aziyevy v. Russia 173

Bajrami v. Albania 137Baka, András B. 37, 209Balić, Hasan 180Balkenende, Jan Peter 12, 12Balladore Pallieri, Giorgio 9, 49, 50,

111–3, 111, 209Balta, Tahsin Bekir 213Banković and Others v. Belgium and

Others 173, 176Batliner, Gerard 212Beatrix, HM Queen of the Netherlands

12Beaufort, Leo Josephus Cornelis 212Behrami and Behrami v. France 173, 177Bein, Siegfried 144Bekes, Imre 212Belgium 20, 25, 40, 42, 44, 46–9, 59,

76, 109, 173, 176, 192, 193, 194, 208, 211

Benthem v. the Netherlands 59Benvenuti, Lodovico 22Berg, Leif 5, 11, 11, 81

Berg, Paal 212Berger, Vincent 49, 130, 185Bernard, Henry 148Bernhard, HRH Prince of the

Netherlands 16Bernhardt, Rudolf 37, 49, 50, 114, 114,

115, 120, 208Berro-Lefèvre, Isabelle 86, 203, 210Bianku, Ledi 86, 137, 208Bieliunas, Egidijus 212Bigi, Federico 210Bijelić v. Montenegro and Serbia 204Bilge, Suat 211Binder, Nora 85Bindschedler-Robert, Denise 189, 211Bîrsan, Corneliu 86, 210, 212Björnsson Lindal, Theódór 212Black, William 212Bladet Tromsø and Stensaas v. Norway

100Blagojević v. the Netherlands 177Blečić v. Croatia 176Bonello, Giovanni 61, 86, 210Borrego Borrego, Francisco Javier 210Bosnia and Herzegovina 179–81, 208Bosphorus Hava Yolları Turizm ve

Ticaret Anonim Şirketi (Bosphorus Airways) v. Ireland 173

Botoucharova, Snejana 189, 208Bouras, Alice 49Bozano v. France 43, 44Bozer, Ali 211Brahms, Johannes 126Bratza, Sir Nicolas 68, 86, 211, 213Britten, Benjamin 9Brüggemann and Scheuten v. Germany

173Bucher, Carl 155

Index

Index

Bucher, Claude 4, 150Budayeva and Others v. Russia 173Buergenthal, Thomas 18, 115Bulgaria 54, 76, 173, 195, 208, 211Busuttil, Edwin 169, 212Butkevych, Volodymyr 37, 211

Cabral Barreto, Ireneu 86, 210, 212Caflisch, Lucius 209Çakıcı v. Turkey 173Calmy-Rey, Micheline 196Campinos, Jorge J. 212Carozza, Paolo 18, 19Carrillo Salcedo, Juan Antonio 210, 212Casadevall, Josep 37, 86, 208Case ‘relating to certain aspects of the laws

on the use of languages in education in Belgium’ v. Belgium 48–9, 109

Cassin, René 9, 13, 18, 27, 27, 39, 46–9, 108–10, 108, 112, 113, 128, 142, 145, 192, 194, 209

Castberg, Frede 29, 212Çavuşoğlu, Mevlüt 196Chahal v. the United Kingdom 202, 203Chinkin, Christine 178Churchill, Sir Winston 16, 21Collignon, Jos 172Confédération Française Démocratique

du Travail v. the European Communities 42

Conforti, Benedetto 209, 212Costa, Jean-Paul 9, 9, 10, 12, 12, 13, 68,

75, 86, 116, 116, 173, 182, 196, 201, 209

Costello-Roberts v. the United Kingdom 173

Cremona, John 50, 112, 210Croatia 79, 176, 209Crosbie, James 212Cruz Varas and Others v. Sweden 83Custers, Jozef 40, 41, 211Custers and Others v. Denmark 68Cyprus 35, 45, 61, 76, 173, 176, 209,

211Cyprus v. Turkey 35, 176Czech Republic 152, 152, 205, 209, 211Czechoslovakia 176, 209, 210

Dalai Lama of Tibet (the 14th) 122Danelius, Hans 34, 40, 212

Daver, Bülent 213De Becker v. Belgium 44, 46, 48, 109,

192, 193De Boer-Buquicchio, Maud 18, 26De Gaetano, Vincent Anthony 210De Jong, Baljet and Van den Brink v. the

Netherlands 59De Meyer, Jan 37, 208De Puig, Lluís Maria 18De Salvia, Michele 128, 131, 135De Wilde, Ooms and Versyp v. Belgium

194Deković, Mehmed 180Delahaye, Pedro O. Ch. 211Delcourt v. Belgium 47, 59Delvaux, Henri 210Demicoli v. Malta 60, 60Demir and Baykara v. Turkey 173Demopoulos and Others v. Turkey 176Denmark 25, 39, 68, 171, 189, 209, 211Dicey, Albert Venn 25Dieng, Adama 152Dikme v. Turkey 57Dollé, Sally 127, 130, 135Dominedo, Francesco Maria 212Donner, André 210Doorson v. the Netherlands 60Drzemczewski, Andrew 76Dudgeon v. the United Kingdom 173Dupuy, René-Jean 40, 211

E. and Others v. the United Kingdom 173Eissen, Marc-André 8, 49, 113, 128, 128Emonet and Others v. Switzerland 158Engel and Others v. the Netherlands 59Enrich Mas, Montserrat 49Erim, Nihat 213Ermacora, Felix 40, 44, 211Estemirova, Natalia 166Estonia 102, 195, 208, 209, 211Eustathiades, Constantin Th. 212Evans, Sir Vincent 211Evans v. the United Kingdom 84, 170,

173Evrigenis, Dimitris 209

F. v. Switzerland 173Faber, Paul 8, 28, 122, 122, 212Favre, Antoine 211Fawcett, Beatrice 126

Fawcett, Sir James 39, 41, 126, 126, 130, 134, 213

Felber, René 152Feldbrugge v. the Netherlands 59Ferrari Bravo, Luigi 210Ferrari v. Italy 173Finland 76, 139, 186, 209, 211Fischbach, Marc 210Fitzmaurice, Sir Gerald 108, 211Foighel, Isi 37, 209France 6, 20, 25, 40, 42–5, 68, 76, 108,

109, 116, 124, 128, 139, 148, 152, 173, 177, 194, 209, 211

Freeland, Sir John 37, 211Fribergh, Erik 58, 86, 128, 131, 199Frowein, Jochen 40, 42, 211Fuest, Irmgard 211Fuhrmann, Willi 208Fura, Elisabet 76, 86, 157, 187, 189, 211

Gaay Fortman, Wilhelm Friedrich de 212Galić v. the Netherlands 177Ganshof van der Meersch, Walter 50,

113, 208García de Enterría, Eduardo 210Gardner, Piers 90Garlicki, Lech 86, 210Georgia 35, 77, 103, 173, 176, 209Georgia v. Russia 35, 176Germany 6, 25, 25, 28, 39, 59, 76, 90,

148, 155, 156, 173, 177, 199, 208, 209, 211

Gersing, Jørgen 209Geus, Jean-Claude 211Giacometti, Alberto 125Ginsburg, Ruth Bader 186, 187, 189Gölcüklü, Feyyaz 37, 211Golder v. the United Kingdom 168, 173Golsong, Heribert 128, 128, 130Gotchev, Dimitar 37, 208Gözübüyük, Seref 213Grădinar v. Moldova 173Grasso, Giovanni 180Greece 20, 25, 40, 45, 52, 68, 76, 134,

137, 173, 182, 208, 209, 212Greve, Hanne Sophie 189, 210Grotrian, Andrew 180Gül v. Turkey 173Güleç v. Turkey 173Gyulumyan, Alvina 86, 156, 187, 208

222 223

IndexThe Conscience of Europe: 50 Years of the European Court of Human Rights

Marxer, Benedikt 212Masenko-Mavi, Viktor 180Mathew v. the Netherlands 68Matscher, Franz 37, 51, 131, 208Matthews v. the United Kingdom 173Matznetter v. Austria 47Maxwell-Fyfe, Sir David 28Medvedyev and Others v. France 68Melchior, Michel 211Metcalfe, Eric 16Mifsud Bonnici, Giuseppe 37, 210Mijović, Ljiljana 86, 208Mitterrand, François 152, 152Modinos, Polys 27, 28, 128, 128, 132,

134, 144 Moldova 84, 173, 176, 195, 210Möller, Jacob 180Monaco 76, 210Monnet, B. 142Montenegro 204, 205, 210Montesquieu, Charles de 28Morenilla, José María 37, 210Mortimer, John 5, 78Mosler, Hermann 49, 112, 114, 209Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 126Mucha, Jiri 211Mularoni, Antonella 189, 210Murphy v. Ireland 173Myjer, Egbert 5, 10, 11, 60, 69, 86, 210

Netherlands, The 12, 12, 13, 16, 20, 25, 40, 44, 44, 45, 50, 59, 60, 68, 69, 76, 112, 173, 177, 184, 210, 212

Nicolaou, George 86, 209Nicolini, Roberto 212Nivert, Marianne 188Nørgaard, Carl Aage 40, 126, 127, 127,

130, 152, 173, 211Norway 20, 25, 76, 100, 117, 117, 134,

173, 177, 210, 212Nowak, Manfred 180Nowicki, Marek Antoni 178, 179, 212Nussberger, Angelika 208

O’Boyle, Michael 5, 11, 11, 46, 86, 115, 116, 124, 127, 198, 201

O’Connor, Sandra Day 186O’Donoghue, Philip 209, 212Öcalan v. Turkey 84, 84Oğur v. Turkey 173

Opsahl, Torkel 40, 46, 212Opuz v. Turkey 76, 172, 173Osman v. the United Kingdom 173

Pafitis and Others v. Greece 173Pajić, Miodrag 180Paladi v. Moldova 84Palm, Elisabeth 37, 119, 189, 189, 211Panţîru, Tudor 37, 210Pardalos, Kristina 86, 210Parizov v. ‘the former Yugoslav Republic

of Macedonia’ 159Pascal, Blaise 29Pastor Ridruejo, José Antonio 210Pavlovschi, Stanislav 210Pedersen, Helga 189, 209Pekkanen, Raimo 37, 209Pellegrin v. France 139Pellonpää, Matti 209, 211Perenic, Anton 212Perrault, Dominique 148Petrén, Sture 29, 39, 124, 124, 134, 142,

210, 212Pettiti, Louis-Edmond 37, 209Petzold, Dorette 130Petzold, Herbert 37, 49, 110, 119, 128,

130, 131Picard, Michèle 180Piermont v. France 68Pinheiro Farinha, João de Deus 210Poalelungi, Mihai 86, 210Polak, Carel 40, 212Poland 79, 97, 173, 195, 210, 212Popović, Dragoljub 86, 203, 210Popović, Vitomir 180Portugal 40, 43, 76, 79, 210, 212Power, Ann 86, 209Prebensen, Søren 114, 120Pretty v. the United Kingdom 168, 172,

173Procola v. Luxembourg 61–3Protopapa v. Turkey 76

Raimondi, Guido 86, 209Ramazanova and Others v. Azerbaijan

138Ramsahai and Others v. the Netherlands

173Ramzy v. the Netherlands 76Rantsev v. Cyprus and Russia 173

Rauschning, Dietrich 180Raymond, Jean 125, 126Refah Partisi (the Welfare Party) and

Others v. Turkey 173Reffi, Giordano Bruno 212Rekvényi v. Hungary 100, 101Religionsgemeinschaft der Zeugen

Jehovas and Others v. Austria 204Repík, Bohumil 37, 209, 210Ress, Georg 209, 211Robinson, Mary 46, 189Robinson, Patrick 19, 19Rodenbourg, Eugène 210Rodríguez Iglesias, Gil Carlos 198Rogers, Sir Richard 4, 148, 150, 150,

153Rolin, Henri 9, 39, 47, 109, 109, 110,

112, 113, 192–4, 208Romania 76, 96, 97, 173, 195, 210, 212Rommel, Erwin 132Roodbeen, Chris 44Roosevelt, Eleanor 13, 108Roosevelt, Franklin D. 12, 13Roosevelt, Mrs Franklin D. Jr 12Ross, Alf Niels Christian 209Rozakis, Christos 68, 86, 209, 212Russia 16, 23, 35, 58, 75, 76, 96, 97,

102, 173, 175, 176, 194, 195, 210Russo, Carlo 37, 49, 209Ryssdal, Rolv 49, 50, 100, 109, 110,

113–5, 113, 117–20, 117, 120, 131, 152, 210

S.A. Dangeville v. France 173Saadi v. Italy 202, 203Saar 211Sajó, András 86, 101, 209Salduz v. Turkey 172, 173Sampaio, Jorge Fernando Branco de 40,

43, 212San Marino 76, 210, 212Saramati v. France, Germany and

Norway 173, 177Sawyer, Christopher 79Schalk and Kopf v. Austria 173Schermers, Henry 44, 212Schoepfer, Marie-Thérèse 135, 135Schubert, Franz 126Schuman, Robert 22, 22, 25Scicluna, Henry 48

H. v. Norway 173Hajiyev, Khanlar 86, 139, 208Hale, Baroness 188Hall, Sir Basil 40, 213Hallstein, Walter 25Hammarberg, Thomas 13, 178, 196Handyside v. the United Kingdom 170,

170, 171, 173, 184, 194Hansen, Ingeborg 211Harutyunyan v. Armenia 156Havel, Václav 152, 152Hedigan, John 209Herndl, Kurt 45, 211Herrenschmidt, Noëlle 57Herrmann, Nicolas 23Heydt, Jean-Marie 196Higgins, Dame Rosalyn 19, 19Hion, Mai 211Hirst v. the United Kingdom (no. 2) 173Hirvelä, Päivi 86, 139, 209Holmbäck, Åke Ernst 210Hornsby v. Greece 168, 173Hugh Jordan v. the United Kingdom 173Hungary 100, 101, 176, 195, 209, 212Hunter, John 83

Iceland 16, 25, 33, 49, 209, 212Ilaşcu and Others v. Moldova and Russia

173, 176Ireland 16, 20, 25, 27, 27, 35, 40, 46,

46, 48, 59, 61, 75, 76, 78, 80, 134, 173, 184, 189, 193, 209, 212

Ireland v. the United Kingdom 16, 35, 40, 76, 134, 184

Italy 20, 25, 25, 43, 45, 76, 111, 132, 157, 173, 184, 202, 209, 212

Jacot-Guillarmod, Olivier 148Jaeger, Renate 86, 199, 209Jagland, Thorbjørn 196Jalloh v. Germany 156, 168, 173Jambrek, Peter 37, 210Janssen-Pevtschin, Geneviève 28, 211Jebens, Sverre Erik 86, 100, 210Jočienė, Danutė 86, 157, 209Jonasson, Herman 212Jörundsson, Gaukur 209, 212Jowett, Lord 192Juka, Želimir 180Juliana, HRH Princess of the

Netherlands 16

Jungwiert, Karel 37, 86, 209

Kalaydjieva, Zdravka 86, 208Karakaş, Işıl 86, 211Kellberg, Love 40, 212Kelly and Others v. the United Kingdom

173Kempees, Peter 5, 11, 58, 84, 93, 177,

180, 181Kershaw, Sir Anthony 135Kerstens, Pieter Adriaan 16Kiernan, Brendan 40, 212Klecker, Nic 212Konstantinov, Emil 211Koskelo, Pauliine 186Koskenniemi, Martti 102Kosovo* 137, 177, 178, 179, 180Kostovski v. the Netherlands 59Kovačić and Others v. Slovenia 176Kovler, Anatoly 86, 210Krüger, Hans Christian 35, 44, 44, 119,

127, 130, 135, 135, 176Kudła v. Poland 168, 173Kūris, Pranas 37, 209Kutscher, Hans 112

L. v. Lithuania 156Laffranque, Julia 208Lagergren, Gunnar 210Lala and Pelladoah v. the Netherlands 44Lalumière, Catherine 117Latvia 101, 102, 195, 209Lautsi v. Italy 76Lavenir, Solange 73Lawless v. Ireland 27, 27, 46–8, 75, 78,

193, 194Lawson, Rick 10, 165, 173Layton, Lord 28Lazarova Trajkovska, Mirjana 86, 159,

211Le Corbusier, Charles Édouard 142Lemmens, Paul 178Leuprecht, Peter 117Levits, Egils 37, 209Leyla Şahin v. Turkey 173Liddy, Jane 45, 212Liechtenstein 33, 49, 115, 136, 209, 212Liesch, Léon 210Lincoln, Anthony 28Lindén, Staffan 157

Lithgow and Others v. the United Kingdom 120

Lithuania 76, 102, 115, 156, 157, 195, 209, 212

Lõhmus, Uno 37, 209Loizidou v. Turkey 184Loizou, Andreas Nicolas 37, 209Lopes Rocha, Manuel Antonio 37, 210López Guerra, Luis 61, 86, 210López Ostra v. Spain 61Lorenzen, Peer 86, 209, 211Loucaides, Loukis 209, 211Luxembourg 8–10, 22, 25, 30, 49, 61–3,

112, 117, 122, 210, 212

M.C. v. Bulgaria 173MacBride, Sean 47McBride v. the United Kingdom 173McCann and Others v. the United

Kingdom 173Macdonald, Ronald 37, 49, 209McFeeley and Others v. the United

Kingdom 42McGonigal, Richard 209McMurtry, Stan 164McNair, Lord 9, 46, 106, 106, 108, 113,

145, 193, 194, 211McNulty, Anthony 28, 39, 130, 132,

132, 134, 135Maguire, Conor Alexander 209, 212Maguire, Martin J. 212Mahoney, Paul 37, 49, 114, 120, 128,

131Makarczyk, Jerzy 37, 210Malinverni, Giorgio 5, 11, 86, 159, 211Malone v. the United Kingdom 76Malta 45, 49, 52, 60, 61, 71, 76, 186,

210, 212Mamatkulov and Askarov v. Turkey 76,

83, 173Mangan, Kevin 212Manoilescu and Dobrescu v. Romania

and Russia 173Marchal, Léon 28Maridakis, Georges 209Markotić, Vlatko 180Martens, Sibrand Karel 210Martínez, Miguel Ángel 152,Martínez Ruiz, Luis Fernando 212Maruste, Rait 86, 209

224

The Conscience of Europe: 50 Years of the European Court of Human Rights

Scordino v. Italy (no. 1) 157Scozzari and Giunta v. Italy 157Selmouni v. France 173Serbia 204, 210Serbia and Montenegro 205, 210Sforza, Carlo 25Sharpe, Jonathan L. 5, 9, 11, 11, 26, 37,

49, 58, 75, 111, 120Sharpe, Maria Rosa 49Sicilianos, Linos-Alexander 208Sigurjónsson, Sigurgeir 209, 212Šikuta, Ján 86, 210Skarphédinsson, Fridjón 212Skouris, Vassilios 20, 20Slivenko v. Latvia 101, 102Slovakia 54, 76, 209, 210, 212Slovenia 54, 176, 210, 212Smyth, John 48Soering v. the United Kingdom 76, 83Sørensen, Ellen 125Sørensen, Max 39, 125, 125, 134, 209,

211Sotomayor, Sonia 187Soyer, Jean-Claude 211Spaak, Paul-Henri 21Spain 61, 124, 210, 212Sperduti, Giuseppe 212Spielmann, Alphonse 37, 210Spielmann, Dean 5, 11, 63, 86, 108, 210Sporrong and Lönnroth v. Sweden 73Steck-Risch and Others v. Liechtenstein

136Steiner, Elisabeth 86, 204, 208Stögmüller v. Austria 47Strážnická, Viera 189, 210Streletz, Kessler and Krenz v. Germany 90Sunday Times v. the United Kingdom

(no. 1) 49, 194Sundberg, Jacob W.F. 125Süsterhenn, Adolf 29, 211Svaby, Daniel 212Sweden 20, 25, 40, 73, 79, 83, 124, 157,

188, 189, 210, 212Swedish Engine Drivers’ Union v.

Sweden 157Switzerland 43, 52, 115, 152, 155, 158,

173, 182, 189, 211, 212

Takhayeva and Others v. Russia 75, 173Talwar, Rajesh 178

Tarschys, Daniel 152Taştan v. Turkey 203Teitgen, Pierre-Henri 28, 33, 128, 209Tenekides, George 40, 212Tennyson, Lord Alfred 190The former King of Greece and Others v.

Greece 68‘The former Yugoslav Republic of

Macedonia’ 159, 211Thomassen, Wilhelmina 189, 210Thór Björgvinsson, Davíd 86, 209Thune, Gro Hillestad 212Titiun, Patrick 109Tocqueville, Charles Alexis de 195Tonarelli-Lacore, Paola 98Toubon, Jacques 152Toumanov, Vladimir 37, 210Traja, Kristaq 208Trautmann, Catherine 152Trechsel, Stefan 40, 45, 122, 127, 127, 212Triantafyllides, Michalakis Antoniou 211Tsatsa-Nikolovska, Margarita 189, 211Tsotsoria, Nona 86, 103, 187, 209Tulkens, Françoise 68, 86, 188, 189, 208Turkey 20, 25, 35, 45, 52, 57, 76, 83,

84, 96, 97, 167, 173, 176, 177, 184, 203, 211, 213

Türmen, Rıza 211Tyrer v. the United Kingdom 169, 171,

173, 184Tysiąc v. Poland 173

Ugrekhelidze, Mindia 209Ukraine 71, 96, 97, 195, 211Undén, Östen 124Ungers, Thomas 148United Communist Party of Turkey and

Others v. Turkey 173United Kingdom 16, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40,

42, 45, 49, 54, 59, 61, 68, 76, 83, 84, 116, 120, 134, 148, 170, 171, 173, 177, 184, 194, 202, 211, 213

Vajić, Nina 86, 187, 189, 209Valticos, Nicolas 37, 209Van Asbeck, Baron Frederik Mari 210Van Dijk, Petrus 37, 210Van Mechelen and Others v. the

Netherlands 60Van Muylwijck, Jesse 55

Van Oosterwijck v. Belgium 42Vandenberghe, Hugo 211Varnava and Others v. Turkey 176Verdross, Alfred 208Vila Amigó, Marc 211Vilhjálmsson, Thór 37, 49, 209Vilho Eskelinen and Others v. Finland

139Villiger, Mark E. 5, 11, 86, 111, 116,

136, 144, 155, 209Visser, Willem Adriaan Johan 16Vo v. France 171, 173Voicu, Marin 37, 210Vučinić, Nebojša 86, 205, 210

Waite and Kennedy v. Germany 173Waldock, Sir Humphrey 25, 36, 36, 47,

110–3, 110, 124, 134, 211, 213Walsh, Brendan 46Walsh, Brian 209Wehenkel, Antoine 8Weitzel, Albert 212Wells, H.G. 5Welter, Felix Albert 212Weston, Martin 79Wiarda, Gerard 13, 49, 50, 69, 112–4,

112, 131, 131, 210Widmer-Schlumpf, Eveline 196Wildhaber, Luzius 37, 57, 92, 115, 115,

116, 120, 130, 162, 173, 175, 189, 211

Willem-Alexander, HRH Prince of the Netherlands 12

Winterwerp v. the Netherlands 59, 76Wold, Terje 47, 210

X v. France 43, 44X v. the Netherlands 44X and Y v. the Netherlands 59, 184Xenides-Arestis v. Turkey 176

Young, James and Webster v. the United Kingdom 76, 173

Yudkivska, Ganna 86, 211

Zagrebelsky, Vladimiro 209Zannier, Lamberto 178Zekia, Mehmed 209Ziemele, Ineta 86, 103, 209Zupančič, Boštjan 86, 210