Animals

The evolution of the Kingdom Anamilia

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Subkingdoms

Subkingdom Metazoa

Subkingdom Parazoa

Subkingdom Parazoa

Phylum Proferifera

Animals that posses neither tissues nor

organs

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List

Phylum Proferifera

• Aquatic

• Lack tissues and organs

• Motile larvae

• Sessile adults

• Filter feeders

• Skeleton made up of spongina and/or spicules

• Dead end phylum

Examples: Venus’ Flower Basket, Bath Sponge, Tube Sponge

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Phylum Echinodermata

Subkingdom Metazoa

Phylum Chordata

Phylum Anthropoda

Phylum Annelida

Phylum Mollusca

Phylum Nematoda

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Phylum Cnidaria

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Phylum Cnidaria• Either a Medusa

shape, like jelly fish, or a polyp, like coral

• Still very simple filter feeders

• Open circulatory system,

• No brain. • Oxygen comes from

the water around them.

• Kill prey with toxins that paralyze the body

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Classes:

Hydrozoa: Hydras, both polyp and medusa

Scyphozoa: Jellyfish, medusa

Anthozoa: Polyps, sexual & asexual

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Phylum Platyhelminthes

• Flatworms• Some are parasites• Some are free living• Single opening system• Circulatory and

respiratory systems not developed

• Can enter sponges or Cindarians

• Cephalization

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Beef tapewormClasses

Turbellaria: Free living, flat worms

Trematoda: External & internal parasites, flatworms

Cestadoa:Tapeworms, have a head

Phylum Nematoda§ Round worms§ Don’t have a brain§ Two opening

system: Mouth and Anus

§ Reproduce sexually§ Breath through body

walls§ Do not positively

affect humans§ Bilateral symmetry

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Tail of a hookworm

Phylum Mollusca

• Soft bodies with internal or external shell

• Four basic parts: Foot, mantle, shell, visceral mass

• External fertilization• Excrete through an

organ called the nephridia

• Very intelligent• Use gills for breathing• Solid waste

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Classes

Plecypoda- Bivalves, open circulatory

Gastropoda- Gastropods, some terrestrial

Cephalopoda- Closed circulatory

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Phylum Annelida

• Round• Worm-like animals• Segmented• Two opening digestive

system• Closed circulatory

system• Variety of colors• Bilateral symmetry• Ventral nerve cord

down center of body

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LeechClasses

Polycheata: Marine worms, long bristles

Oligochaeta: Earthworms, few bristles

Hirudinea: Leeches, carnivorous, parasitic

Phylum Anthropoda• Tough exoskelton• Jointed appendages• Open circulatory system• Well-developed brain• Segmented body

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SubphylumsSubphylums

Chelicerate: Two-part body, chelicerea

Crustacea: Hard exoskeleton , two pair antenna, mandibles

Uniramia: One pair antenna, unbranched appendages

Uniramia ClassesUniramia Classes

Chilopoda: Carnivorus with posin claws, long worm-like body, lots of legs

Diplopoda: Worm like body, lots of legs, not carnivorus

Insecta: Body has three parts and three pairs of legs, mandibles, societies

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Phylum Chordata

• Notochord, sometimes replaced with a backbone

• Pharyngeal gills during some part of development

• Hallow dorsal nerve cord

• Closed circulatory system

• Two sets of paired appendages (limbs)

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Fishes

Amphibians

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Fishes• Two chambered heart• Scales and fins• Pharyngeal gills• Excretion through

gills• Respiration through

gills and swim bladder

• Advanced nervous system

• Lay eggs

Classes

Cephalaspidomorphi: Larve are filter feeders and adults are parasites

Chondrichthyes: Bony endoskeleton

Osteichthyes: Live in salt water, endoskeleton of cartlage

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Amphibians

• Adapted primarily to life in wet places

• Ectothermic• Most are carnivorus• Moist, smooth skin• Lay eggs• Internal fertilization• Adults either

aquatic or terresterial

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Orders

Urodela:Salamanders

Anura: Frogs and toads

Apoda: Legless amphibians

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Reptiles

• Adapted to terresterial life

• More advanced then amphibians

• Dry, scaled skin• Amniotic eggs has

a hard outer shell• Three to four

chambered heart

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Orders

Squamata: Lizards and snakes

Crocodilia: Crocodilians

Chelonia: Turtles

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Birds• Endothermic-first• Feathers cover body

surface• Scales on legs and

feet• Hollow bones• Four chambered

heart• Well developed lungs

and air sacs• Internal fertilization

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Class Aves

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Mammals• Most viviparous• Many have sweat glands• Mammary glands• Hair• Four chambered heart

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Orders

Monotremata: Lay eggs that hatch externally

Marsupaila: Pouched animals

Insectavora: Feed on anthropods

Primates: Highly developed brain, complex social interaction

Carnivora: Live in salt water or on land

Perissodactyla: Odd-toed ungulates

Artiodactyla: Even-toed ungulates

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