animal identification and traceability badi besbes animal production and health division food and...
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Animal identification and traceability
Badi BesbesAnimal Production and Health Division
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
AITS: Key Definitions
• Animal identification means the combination of the identification and registration of an animal individually, with a unique identifier, or collectively by its epidemiological unit or group, with a unique group identifier
• Traceability/product tracing is the ability to follow the movement of food through specified stage(s) of production, processing and distribution (Codex)
• Traceability is the ability to follow an animal (or group of animals) during all stages of its life (OIE)
Drivers of animal identification
• Theft control– A serious problem in Africa (e.g. Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa,
Senegal, Cameroun, RCA, Chad...)
• Proof of ownership• Prevention & control of animal diseases
– 12 of the 15 diseases in List A of the OIE are endemic in sub-Saharan Africa
• Genetic improvement• Farm management• Biodiversity management
RPLRP Component 3 - Livelihood Support. activities under this component will be of a national nature such as […] animal health, breed improvement
Trade opportunities (WTO SPS Agreement)• trade certification and access to lucrative markets
– Only few African countries (Botswana, Namibia, Swaziland) can export livestock products to Europe
– Countries in the Horn of Africa export livestock to the Arabic Peninsula, but…
Ensure fair practices in food trade (WTO TBT Agreement)• protect from deceptive practices and fraud in the market place
and unsubstantiated product claims (e.g. geographic indication, food quality)– Regional trade faces high competition with imported frozen beef meat
Drivers of traceability:
RPLRP Component 2 - Market Access and Trade. The major objective of this component will be to support the harmonization of […] certification systems, SPS standards, and animal identification and traceability systems.
Drivers for traceability
Risk management including in emergency situations• Enable to trace identified hazards (e.g. animal transmissible diseases
and zoonosis) back to their source• Assess potential dissemination of these hazards for effective control
Protect public health• identify, trace and control animal movements • identify, trace and recall unsafe foods (and feeds) at any stage of the
food production and distribution chain– Safety and quality standards also concern animal products
consumed and traded on national and regional markets
RPLRP Component 4 - Pastoral Risk Management. promote activities aimed at harmonizing i) the response to disasters; ii) livestock identification;
The concept of AITS
Location/ Keeper/Owner
Identification and Registration
Animal Identification
and Registration
Movement Reporting
Database
What is a location? • Village, epidemiological unit(s)/zones, pastures,
common grazing areas
Who to register?• Keeper or/and owner• Who else (local authorities, dealers, transporters)?
Who identify and register the animals
• Keeper, Veterinarian, Agent
Who capture the data and how?
• Electronically, paper forms• On the spot or in a data entry center• Offline or online
What ID device to use? • brand, Ear tags, EID, etc
When and who notify animals movements?
• Notify a movement: > x km; change of Epid. zone, level of risk, permit is required, departure/arrival(?)...
• Notify authorities of intended route and expected duration of movement, prior to departure
• Owners, local authorities
Challenges with pastoral herds
Core functionalities
(1) Registration of locations (holdings, establishments, owners, keepers)(2) Animal Identification and Registration
Key characteristic
s Form of ID
Registration of birth and movements in the database
Cost
Type IFull
Individual IDRecording from birth to exit (slaughter,
death)
Type IIPartial
Individual IDRecording starting with departure from birth
farm to exit (slaughter, death)
Type IIIPartial
Individual IDRecording starting with entering special
holdings or markets to exit
Type IVBasic
Group IDRecording starting with departure from birth
farm to exit (slaughter, death)
Type VBasic
Group IDNo recording of movements during animal
lifetime, reporting of death or slaughter
Scope and types of AITS
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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Strategic approach (Section II)
Animal Identification
and Registration(Section III)
Animal Traceability(Section IV)
Animal Health Information(Section V)
Performance recording
(Section VI)
Implementing the Strategic Plan (Section IX)
Evaluating Investment Decisions (Section IX)
Developing the Legal Framework (Section X)
Background and rationale (Section I)
Designing and Developing the IT system (Section VIII)
Developing the Strategic Plan (Section VII)
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Guidelines for the development of integrated multipurpose animal recording system