anfavea expectancy on new mercosur unite regulations ... · diesel particulate filter (dpf’s)...

ANFAVEA ANFAVEA -- Brazilian Vehicle Manufacturers AssociationBrazilian Vehicle Manufacturers Association1

Anfavea expectancy on new MERCOSUR Anfavea expectancy on new MERCOSUR

unite regulations implementation.unite regulations implementation.

Henry Joseph Jr.Henry Joseph Jr.

Energy & Environment CommissionEnergy & Environment Commission

ANFAVEAANFAVEA


Emission Limits Comparison

International Limits

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

3,50

4,00

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Year

Co

mb

ined

Em

issi

on

s (g

/km

)

USA

EURO

BRASIL

ARGENTINA

MÉXICO

Combined Emissions = [(CO/10 + HC/NMHC/NMOG + NOx) x FD]


Emission Control Technologies(Light Vehicles)

Before the combustion:

• Electronic Fuel Injection;

• Dash-pot;

• Direct Injection;

• Air-Fuel mixture warming;

• Evap Emission Control Device (Canister).

After the Combustion:

• Catalytic Converter;

• Exhaust Gas Recirculation;

• Secondary Air Injection;

• Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF).

Across the combustion:

• Compression Ratio;

• Combustion Chamber Profile;

• Ignition Mapping;

• Valves & Rings Profile;

• Stratification;

• Lean-burn.

Dirigibilidade

Consumo

Emissões HC

Emissões NOx

Emissões CO


Emission Control Technologies(Heavy Vehicles)

Comando do motor Filtro de ar

Válvula EGR pneumática ou

elétrica

Válvula de by-pass

Válvula de Estrangulament

o

RefrigeraçãoEGR

Tubulação EGR

Recirculação:0 – 60%

Sistema EGR

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)

Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF’s) Adsorber NOx Catalyst

Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR)

SCR OP

Uréia

(NH2)2CO

Gas de escape

Catalisador SCR (S)

4NH3 + 4NO + O2 → 4N2 + 6H2O

2NH3 + NO + NO2 → 2N2 + 3H2O

8NH3 + 6NO2 → 7N2 + 12H2O

Catalisador de Oxidação (O)

4NH3 + 3O2 → 2N2 + 6H2O

Catalisador de Oxidação (P)

2NO + O2 → 2NO2

4HC + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 2H2O

2CO + O2 → 2CO2

Source: UMICORE


Fuel Quality Influence


Bad Fuel Consequences

• catalyst converters poisoning and blockage;

• intake and exhaust systems corrosion;

• deposit formation;

• particulate material emission increase;

• particulate material filter overflow;

• engine carbonization;

• fuel consumption increase;

• exhaust emission increase;

• engine breakdown due to high pressure fuel pump locking;

• lost of engine parts durability.



Cylinder Polish Scratches Pistons Locking Smoke Formation

DOC damaged after 45 hours burning Diesel S500



EGR Valve Early Corrosion Due To Acid Gases Formation


Influence of Fuel Quality on Recent EmissionLegislation in Brazil

1. Due to not appropriated fuels availability, the Brazilian PROCONVE phases L5 and P6 (required from January 1st, 2009 for Diesel Cycle vehicles - Res. CONAMA 315/02) were not accomplished:

2. To avoid serious legal consequences, the vehicle manufacturers and fuel producers had to sign a judicial commitment, paying forenvironmental reparatory measures.

0,023,50,461,501.01.2009P-6

0,13/0,105,00,662,12005 a 2008P-5Res. CONAMA 315/02

Fase IV

Fase III

Fase II

Fase I

0,157,01,14,02000 a 2005

0,7/0,49,01,234,91996 a 2000

-14,42,4511,21994 a 1996Res. CONAMA 08/93

&Lei Federal 8723/93

----1989 a 1994Res. CONAMA 18/86

MPNOxHCCO

Emission Limits (g/kWh)Application

DatePROCONVE

0,023,50,461,501.01.2009P-6

0,13/0,105,00,662,12005 a 2008P-5Res. CONAMA 315/02

Fase IV

Fase III

Fase II

Fase I

0,157,01,14,02000 a 2005

0,7/0,49,01,234,91996 a 2000

-14,42,4511,21994 a 1996Res. CONAMA 08/93

&Lei Federal 8723/93

----1989 a 1994Res. CONAMA 18/86

MPNOxHCCO

Emission Limits (g/kWh)Application

DatePROCONVE


Consequently:New Emission Legal Requirements in Brazil

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Em

issõ

es

NOx MP

Res. CONAMA nº 415/2009

L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Em

issõ

es

NOx MP

Res. CONAMA nº 403/2008

P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7X X

96,3%87,3%

95,0%

73,2%

( Required from 01.01.2012 ) ( Required from 01.01.2013 )


Consequently:New diesel fuel specifications in Brazil

Diesel S-10 Reference Fuel Specification:

Diesel S-10 Commercial Fuel Specification:

Urea Reduction Solution Specification:

Diesel S-10 Supply Plan:


Diesel Fuel P7 (Resolução ANP nº 31/2009)

Distillation Curve: 95% recovery = 370,0ºC

Specific Mass @ 20ºC= 820 ~ 850 kg/m³

Sulfur Content, max. = 10 mg/kg

Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, max. = 11% weight

What is better:

Distillation Curve: 50% recovery = 245,0ºC ~ 295,0ºC

Cetane Number, min. = 48


Consequently:New Gasoline Fuel Specifications in Brazil

Gasoline Reference Fuel Specification:

Gasoline Commercial Fuel Specification:


Gasoline L6 (Resolução ANP nº 38/2009)

Distillation Curve: EFP, max. = 215,0ºC

Oxidation Stability @ 100ºC, min.= 360 minutes

Sulfur Content, max. = 50 mg/kg

Phosphorus Content, max. = 0,2 mg/L

Aromatic Hydrocarbons, max. = 35% volume

Olefin Hydrocarbons, max. = 25% volume

What is better:


Emission Requirements in Argentina

Ley Ley NNºº 24.44924.449

Decreto Decreto P.E.NP.E.N. . ReglRegl NNºº 779/95779/95

ResoluciResolucióón n SAyDSSAyDS NNºº 1270/02,1270/02,





ResoluciResolucióón SE n SE NNºº 1283/07,1283/07,

1.06.2009 => EURO IV New Models

1.01.2011 => EURO IV All Models

1.01.2012 => EURO V New Models

1.01.2014 => EURO V All Models

Good Fuel Specification

Good Fuel Quality

Urea Reduction Solution


Argentina / BrazilEmission Requirements Comparison

BR

AZ

ILB

RA

ZIL

YEAR =>YEAR =>

AR

GE

NT

INA

AR

GE

NT

INA

PR

OC

ON

VE

L6

Otto

–A

ll Mod

els

PR

OC

ON

VE

L6

Otto

–N

ew

Mo

de

ls

PR

OC

ON

VE

L6

Die

se

l

PR

OC

ON

VE

P7

(EU

RO

V)

PR

OC

ON

VE

P6

(EU

RO

IV) / L

5

201520142013201220112010200920082007

EU

RO

V –

All M

ode

ls

EU

RO

V –

Ne

w M

ode

ls

EU

RO

IV –

All M

ode

ls

EU

RO

III –A

ll Mode

ls

EU

RO

IV –

Ne

w M

ode

ls

EU

RO

III –N

ew

Mod

els


MERCOSUR

Concerns on commercial transportation:

• Fuel quality;

• Low sulfur diesel availability;

• Biofuel blending policy;

• Fuel price policy;

• Urea solution quality;

• Urea solution availability.


Thank you for your attention.

[email protected]

(55 11) 4347-3581

anfavea expectancy on new mercosur unite regulations ... · diesel particulate filter (dpf’s)...

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