Andrew Jackson

Essential Question

“King Andrew”Champion of the Common Man ?

Andrew Jackson

Democratic trends in the early

19th century

Andrew Jackson

Voting Requirement in the Early 19th Century

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Voter Turnout 1820-1860

Andrew Jackson

Politics for the People

• Under the Federalists democracy was not respected

• By the 1820s, democracy was widely appealing

Politics for the People

• Politicians now had to bend to appease and appeal to the masses

• The popular ones were the ones who claimed to be born in log cabins and had humble backgrounds.

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson

Politics for the People

• Those who were aristocratic (too clean, too well dressed, too grammatical, to highly intellectual) were scorned

• During the Jacksonian era, voter turnout rose dramatically, as clear political parties developed and new styles of politicking emerged

Andrew Jackson

Politics for the People

• Candidates increasingly used banners, badges, parades, barbecues, free drinks, and baby kissing in order to “get the vote.”

Andrew Jackson

Why the Increased Democratization

• White male suffrage increased• Party nominating committees.

– Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors.

• Spoils system.

Why the Increased Democratization

• Rise of Third Parties.• Popular campaigning (parades,

rallies, floats, etc.)• Two-party system returned in the

1832 election

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson

Jackson's First Presidential Run

Andrew Jackson

1824

Andrew Jackson

Henry Clay[KY]

John Quincy John Quincy AdamsAdams[MA][MA]

John C. Calhoun

[SC]

William H. CrawfordWilliam H. Crawford[GA][GA]

Jackson's Opponents 1824

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Election of 1824

A Corrupt Bargain?

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Election of 1824

• 12th Amendment• Top three Electoral vote getters

would be voted upon in the House of Reps.

• The majority (over 50%) would be elected president

Andrew Jackson

• The Election would come down to Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams.

• They both had the most electoral votes

Election of 1824

Andrew Jackson

Election of 1824

• When Clay was appointed Secretary of the State, Jacksonians cried foul play

• Evidence of any possible deal has never been found

• Adams and Clay reputations ruined

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John Q. Adams Presidency

• Not that memorable

Andrew Jackson

1828 Election Key Issues

Andrew Jackson

Final Divorce Decree

Rachael Jackson

Andrew Jackson

Adams Supporters • Jackson's was a slave-trading,

gambling, brawling murderer. • Call Jackson's dead mother "a

common prostitute, brought to this country by the British soldiers,"

• after whose service she "married a MULATTO MAN, with whom she had several children of which number General JACKSON IS ONE!!!"

Andrew Jackson

Jackson supporters

• Accuse Adams of – having premarital relations with his

wife – being a pimp, arranging an

American prostitute for Czar Alexander I.

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson

tells voters that candidate Andrew Jackson is unfit for the office of President, having "illegally and wantonly shed the blood of his countrymen and fellow soldiers" by ordering six militiamen executed on 1815 Feb. 21 after a military trial in which they were convicted after leaving camp to return home, although their tours of duty were not up.

Andrew Jackson

The Center of Population in the Country Moves West

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The Jackson Coalition

• Andrew Jackson brought together a coalition of white men who were not happy:– Factory workers in the Northeast– Immigrants in the cities.– Farmers (non-slaveholders) in the South– Pioneer farmers in the West

• Introduced the spoils system• It was the coalition of the Common Man.

Andrew Jackson

Jackson's faith in the common Man

• Intense distrust of Eastern“establishment,” monopolies, & special privilege.

• His heart & soul was with the “plain folk.”

• Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon achievements.

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Election of 1828

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The Reign of King Mob

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Jacksonian Democracy Characteristics

• The "New Democracy" • Aristocracy replaced with democracy • Most high offices still held by wealthy

citizens

Jacksonian Democracy Characteristics• Spoils system • Based on universal white

manhood suffrage not property

• Demand a new type of politician

• Rise of workingmen’s parties

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson

Who was Jackson?

• First President born west of the Appalachian Mountains.

• He was a populist – he was a supporter of the rights and power of the people.

• Jackson viewed himself as a spokesperson of the people.

Andrew Jackson

What was Jacksonian democracy?• Rise of Andrew Jackson and the

Democratic Party in 1828.• Democratic reforms brought by

President Jackson– expanding suffrage to restructuring

federal institutions. – Spoils system invented

Andrew Jackson

Jacksonian Democracy

• An authentic democratic movement!• Expanded suffrage and popular

participation in government.

Jacksonian Democracy

• For the first time, white men with little or no property could vote.

• No country, not even England, allowed poor white men to vote.

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson

Jacksonian Democracy; The contradiction

• Jacksonian Democracy was only for white men

• Against class supremacy, but they believed in white supremacy.

Jacksonian Democracy; The contradiction

• They supported slavery and the subjugation of Native Americans!

• The Democratic Party never opposed slavery– Jackson was determined to keep that

issue out of national affairs.– Under the “gag rule,” Congressmen

were not allowed to discuss slavery on the floor of Congress.

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson

President Andrew Jackson