Andrew Hunt Executive Director, Flow Measurement and Fluid Mechanics Research Centre

flowmeasure.com

h.p://www.flowmeasure.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Research-and-Infrastructure-Priori@es.pdf

Flow Measurement and Fluid Mechanics ProcessNowcas+ngandSmartPipeProfessorAndrewHuntDrErdalTurkbeylerDrJamesJewkesDrJonathanNixonDrRezaAliDrEssamAbdelfatahDrAlexPedchenkoDrMichaelDallastonPDRA

FluidMechanicsofComplexFlowsProfessorAlbanPothératDrJanisPriedeDrChrisPringleDrBogdanTeacaDrS@jnVan@eghemDrBrahimMoudjedMar@nHoldsworthPDRA

AdvancedCompu+ngDrJamesBruseyProfessorElenaGauraDrRossWilkinsDrAnhTranPDRA

Reservoir,EnergyandEnvironmentDrSeyedSharia;pourDrSoroushAbolfathiDrEbrahimAbtahizadeh

CentreOpera+onsDrLornaEverall(opsmgr)

DrPhilCosten(RDE)LeonoreRodriguez-Esteves(RD)

BallySiddhu(RD)IanBates

Mathema+calPhysicsProfessorRalphKennaDrMar@nWeigelDrChris@anvonFerberDrMa.hewEnglandProfessorDamienFosterDrNikolaosFytasDrThierryPla@niDrTarasYavorskyiDrRobLow

Theore@cal/numerical/physicalmodelling

Advancedmeasurement

Excelling in Measurement and Modelling

Bayesiansta@s@cs,Par@clefiltering,Machinelearning,

Decision-supporttools.

Measurementasreal-@meboundarycondi@onfor

model

Pervasivesensingandsensorintegra@on–smartpipes

Fully-calibratedinstantaneousflowcondi@onsateverypointin

spaceand@me

Processes..

Current flow facilites

!  3-phase, oil-air-water, oil well flow simulator

!  Multiphase flow loop, UK national standard (NEL)

!  Single-phase flow calibration facilities in oil and water (NEL)

!  Wet gas flow loop, UK national standard (NEL)

!  10T large-bore magnet (LNCMI-CNRS Grenoble)

!  Bench top unsteady state relative permeameter Vinci BRP350

!  Advanced computing including dedicated HPC cluster

A perspective on Flow Measurement Andrew Hunt

Coventry University

Calculation of flowrate

!! = !! !!,! ! .!!,! ! .!! .!"!!!,!!

Mj = phase j mass flowrate (j = oil, gas, water etc.) Dj = phase j density (assumed invariant within meter)

Vi,j = instantaneous velocity of phase j in zone i αi,j = instantaneous concentra>on of phase j in zone i (Σj αi,j =1) Ai = area of zone i (invariant)

The correct calcula>on of mass flowrate involves integra>on a1er mul>plica>on of

velocity and concentra>on:

But many current MPFMs use technologies that average across the pipe first including: venturi, coriolis,

gamma-density, microwave, capacitance correla>on etc.

In this case the integrals are effec>vely done before the

mul>plica>on of velocity and concentra>on:

!′! = !! !!,! ! .!! .!"!!!,!!

!!,! ! .!"!!!,!!

But: product of the integrals ≠ integral of the product

Taking a simple example of liquid flowrate in gas-liquid

with 50% in-situ volume frac>on and Vg=2*Vl:

integral of the product (true answer) => 0.5*A*Vl

product of the integral => 0.5*A*(Vg+Vl)/2 =>0.5*A*(2*Vl+Vl)/2 =>0.75*A*Vl

=> 50% error even if the measurement is exact!

Vg

Vl

Build up from images for correct integration

11-Jul-17 14

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voltage26phaseangle36voltage46.permifvityconduc@vityvelocity.velocity26velocity36concentra@on26concentra@on36.

mightrepresent…

Electrical Capacitance Tomography

!  A ‘body scanner’ for pipes

!  up to 5000 images per second

!  10,000 x faster than a medical body scanner

!  20 to 100 times cheaper than a medical body scanner

.

DrySolids

Oilandgas

Wetsteam

Electrical Capacitance Tomography

Commercial ECT Systems

!  Measure capacitances on two-planes of electrodes

!  Produce images of concentration and velocity

!  Integrate to give flowrate in two-phase flows

Solids flow in milling

Hunt(2014).WeighingwithoutTouching,MeasurementandControl47/1,19-25.

!

Dust flows: 10 kg/hr at 12m/s

Liquid Flight Propellant Tank

Propellant Tank

Thin Film Electrode Array

Typical image frames during roll movement from each plane representing two ends of the tank

Gauge propellant - any orientation, any gravity, any vessel

Sloshforce

3DPropellant

CentreofgravityTankcam

Propellant%full

27

Clamp-on ECT at Field Conditions

•  ECTsensorshownclamped-ontoaramidfibrereinforcedHDPEpipe,withapressurera@ngof90Bar@65ºC

Developing an image-based multiphase flowmeter

!  Need fast imaging of velocity and concentration in: !  oil-continuous flows (ECT, MIT, …) !  gas-continuous flows (ECT, MIT, …) !  water-continuous flows (MIT, ERT, EVT…)

!  Develop a real-time pixel-based property vector

!  Integrate to get the phase flowrates for multiphase and dry solids conveying

!  Underwater, clamp-on system feasible