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Fecha actualización

“Recent developments in cotton

and textile industries

in Argentina”

2017 Research Associate

Program “Risk Management in

the Cotton Industry”

Washington DC, April 10 to 20 2017

Maria Alejandra Simonella

International Cotton Advisory Committee

My work place: INTA EEA Sáenz Peña.

I’m Agr. Specialist in Plant Protection.

I work in Cotton IPM.

The cotton crop in Argentina. Currently situation.

COTTON

Production zones

9% IRRIGATED 91% DRY Location in the

Argentine Republic

Source: Productive management of cotton: machines

and implements for small cotton areas. Mario Mondino,

Santiago de Chile, November 17, 2015

The number of small farmers has

declined. Farmers with less than 10

hectares contribute to 0.2% of the

provincial sowing area, while those

with more than 100 hectares

contribute more than 90% of the

same.

Predominance of medium to large

farmers in terms of surface and

production levels.

Ability to incorporate technology,

diversify, temper risk (companies).

Sowing surface by farmers strata

Source: Cotton Bulletin nº 7 - July 2013 - SAGyP - Ministry of

Agroindustry

Sown Area. Averages of two periods.

Zone

Sown Area

*000 Hectares.

Average 2009/10

to 2013/14

%

Sown Area

*000 Hectares.

Average 2011/12

to 2015/16

%

Chaco 289 53 229 46

Santiago del

Estero 123 23 136 27

Santa Fe 100 18 106 21

Formosa 15 3 17 3

Salta 8 1.5 9 2

San Luis 2 0.4 3 0.6

Otros 6 1.1 2 0.4

Argentina 543 502

Source: Ministry of Agro-Industries of Argentina.

Territorial distribution of

Sowing and Cotton Ginning

The spinning and weaving

plants are mainly located

near the consumption

centers (Buenos Aires) and

in the provinces that

implemented regimes of

Industrial promotion. For this

reason, its concentration is

greater in the NOA region

than in the NEA.

Territorial distribution of the

spinning mills and weaving plants

The textile industry in Argentina. Currently situation.

In 2016 the textile industry was

reduced by 25% compared to the same

period of 2015, according to the Pro

Tejer Foundation.

The fall is mainly due to the loss of

purchasing power, and consequently to

a decrease in consumption, and to the

opening of imports, which generated a

15% growth in the arrival of textile

products from abroad.


Importance of the cotton value chain:

• The cotton value chain has a huge influence in the regional economies

of Chaco, Santiago del Estero and Santa Fe, where the sector generates

a large number of jobs: only spinning mills and ginning, employ more

than 70,000 people.

• In 2015, 51 thousand tons of cotton fiber were exported for more than US

$ 47 million.

• The National Quality Plan considers the cotton value chain as the

central axis of the public and private sectors to define a strategy that

allows it to grow and develop from the productive transformation.


The National Quality Plan is a program promoted by the Ministry of

Production of the Nation that works with INTI to improve the quality of

goods and services of domestic production.

• To develop a national network of public reference laboratories for the

quality of cotton fiber. This network would allow traceability along the

entire chain, from the field where cotton is produced to the production of

clothing made from this raw material.

• In addition, this network of laboratories would allow to measure the

quality of the cotton fiber in an objective way, according to international

standards, improving the conditions of commercialization and export.


0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

197

5/7

6

197

6/7

7

197

7/7

8

197

8/7

9

197

9/8

0

198

0/8

1

198

1/8

2

198

2/8

3

198

3/8

4

198

4/8

5

1985/8

6

198

6/8

7

198

7/8

8

198

8/8

9

198

9/9

0

199

0/9

1

199

1/9

2

199

2/9

3

199

3/9

4

199

4/9

5

199

5/9

6

199

6/9

7

199

7/9

8

199

8/9

9

199

9/0

0

200

0/0

1

2001/0

2

200

2/0

3

200

3/0

4

200

4/0

5

200

5/0

6

200

6/0

7

200

7/0

8

200

8/0

9

200

9/1

0

201

0/1

1

201

1/1

2

201

2/1

3

201

3/1

4

201

4/1

5

201

5/1

6

Sow area and fiber production1975/76 to 2015/16

Sow area Production


Main factors that contributed to the drop in production:

• Biotic and abiotic factors incident- Problems of excesses and

water deficiencies - Deterioration of the soil resource - Management of

phytosanitary problems: cotton boll weevil, herbicide resistant weeds,

blue desease, others.

• Crop management - Changes in the system (harvesting and fiber

contamination, adoption of technology, ginning sector, equipment

necessary for the proper handling of mechanically harvested cotton,

cleaning, humidity ... others).


0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,0001

96

9 /7

0

19

71

/7

2

19

73

/7

4

19

75

/7

6

19

77

/7

8

19

79

/8

0

19

81

/8

2

19

83

/8

4

19

85

/8

6

19

87

/8

8

19

89

/9

0

19

91

/9

2

19

93

/9

4

19

95

/9

6

19

97

/9

8

19

99

/0

0

20

01

/0

2

20

03

/0

4

20

05

/0

6

20

07

/0

8

20

09

/1

0

20

11

/1

2

2013 /2014

20

15

/2

01

6

Cotton Production, total country (ton), annualGMO

BG/RRGMO

RRGMO

BG

VARIETIES OF INTA

Boll weevil

Misiones

and

Formosa B. weevil

Chaco

B. weevil

Santa Fe

B. weevil

Santiago

Anthonomus grandis Boheman

“the cotton boll weevil”

Quarantine pest present

Currently, the pest situation includes:

• Red Zone- Low Quarantine Area (LQA).

• Yellow Zone- Pest Low Prevalence Area

• (PLPA).

• Green Zone- Pest Free Area (PFA)

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 2012/2013 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016

Lost area and average yield / hectare

Rinde prom. (km/ha) Sup. perdida (ha)Average yield (Kg/He)Average yield (Kg/He)Average yield (Kg/He)

Boll Weevil

Chaco and Santa Fe

Cotton Area

2004 to 2008

Boll Weevil

Santiago del Estero

Cotton Area

Lost área (he)

Loss estimates in: 380 US dollars/ton

From 2006/2007 to 2015/2016: 220,000,000 US dollars

From 2009/2010 to 2015/2016: 204,000,000 US dollars


Main factors that contributed to the drop in production:

• Production fluctuations in the last 20 years- Exports /

imports - Volatility of markets - Difficulty in setting a reference price,

others.

• Switch to more profitable crops such as soybeans, sunflower

or corn.

• Stagnant yields.

• Low supply of varieties (GMOs).

Characteristics of Season 2015/16, estimates for 2016/17

The Cotton Season 2015/2016 ended with 390,000 hectares harvested, a

production of 800,000 tons of raw cotton and 200,000 tons of fiber.

Estimates for season 2016/2017

15% decrease in spinning consumption, with a remaining at 130,000 /

135,000 tons.

Production exported towards the end of October: 48,000 ton. Destination of

70% of exports: Asia.

Imports of approximately 4,000 tons of fiber, all coming from Brazil.

For the new sowing of cotton, from November 1, expectations are not the

best.

Sectoral Policies

Production Support

Plan for Sustainable Development and Promotion of Cotton Production (Law

26.060): its objective is to contribute to the cotton crop recovery as a social crop.

Ministry of Agroindustry, since 2007.

Support programs and technical assistance to small and medium farmers: theirs

objective: promote the rural development and family farming.

Sanitary Policy

National Program for Prevention and Eradication of Cotton Boll Weevil:

Monitoring, Eradication, Quarantine control,Training and diffusion of the pest

management.

Technological Policies

Technological agreement between INTA and the cotton Provinces in order to

develop a genetically modified seed variety resistant to cotton boll weevil.

Sectoral Policies

Technological Policies

Major Challenges

Increase the competitiveness of the industry and improve cotton

quality through the implementation of PROCALGODON Protocol

at all stages of the production process: production, transport,

ginning and production of fiber bales.

Improve the integration of the different links in the cotton chain.

Improve marketing and export conditions for our country.

Build awareness in the stakeholders about the magnitude of the

problem of boll weevil, in order to completely eradicate the pest.

CONCLUSIONS

Although Argentina does not belong to the countries

designated as "great producers and consumers of cotton

worldwide", the economic and social importance of the

activities generated by the cotton chain are fundamental for

the development of the Argentine cotton provinces.

FINALLY, IT IS ESSENTIAL TO MANAGE THE

GENERATION OF INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES

AND STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE THE

SUSTAINABILITY OF THE COTTON SECTOR.

Thank you very much!

INTA Chaco Formosa Regional Centre

Saenz Peña Agricultural Experimental Station

Route 95 km 1108 CP3700 Province of Chaco. Argentina.

Phone (54) 9 11 68037960 - (54) 364 4438157

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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