Welcome to my world!

Ancient Egypt

You mean our world.

Sure, that’s what I meant

to say.

The natural barriers the land provided

helped Egypt survive through time.

To the north: Mediterranean Sea and

the Nile Delta

To the South: The cataracts of the Nile

River.

To the West: The Sahara Desert

To the East: Desert and the Red Sea

You need to know that LOWER EGYPT is around the Nile Delta. Remember that a river ends at the “mouth” of a

river.

UPPER EGYPT is considered at the beginning of the river. It is here

where the cataracts are at.

Egypt is divided into Kingdoms. Within the Kingdoms, there are multiple

dynasties. A dynasty is a line of rulers from one

family. Look at the bottom of the time-line to see

the dynasty numbers

King Narmer, also known as Menes, was the king of Upper Egypt, he led an

army into Lower Egypt and took control. He was the

beginning of the 1st dynasty of Egypt. He wore a double crown, the white to represent Upper Egypt and the red to represent Lower

Egypt.

Egyptian Social Classes

The Nile River was an essential part

of Egypt. The floods were much

more dependable than

those in Mesopotamia. The floods were gentle and we

never worried our homes or land

would be destroyed.

The floods came from the heavy rains in the spring and the melting

snow in the highland of Upper Egypt. The flood left behind a layer of

dark, fertile mud.

The Pharaohs of the Early Dynasties built Step

Pyramids. They were called “step” because they wanted a “stairway to heaven” for their

late pharaoh.

The OLD KINGDOM rulers were known for their great

pyramids. The Great

Pyramid of Giza was build

for King Khufu (KOO-

foo). Much of the technology used to build

the pyramids are still used today. Astronomy was developed so they

knew exact north. They also develop geometry, to know exact angles for

walls and foundations. They invented numbers based on ten, fractions and mixed numbers for adding,

subtraction, multiplying and dividing.

Inside the pyramid, the Egyptian Pharaoh was put to rest. We believed that the next world is better than life on Earth. One of the most important written books was the Book of the

Dead. It contained spells and prayers that helped in the afterlife.

This is the mummy of Ramses I

Another thing we believed was only pharaohs and the

elite could obtain the afterlife. We created a way of preserving

the body called embalming. We

buried our pharaohs with things they

treasured most in their life, including

gold, toys and sometimes their own

servants (alive).

Items found inside King Tut’s tumb.

Inside King Ramses II tumb.

The Middle Kingdom was about more land and the blossoming of the arts. Our soldiers took the land of Nubia (South of Egypt) and began farming

east of the Nile River to the Read Sea.

We gave up building

pyramids and started a new

form of architecture. We

built our pharaohs tombs

into the cliffs west of the Nile River. Calling it the Valley of the Kings.

There were so many great

pharaohs in Egypt, it’s hard to

mention them all. I’ll try to run down

some and their major highlights.

First, there as Narmer, or Menes. He was the first to unite the Upper and

Lower Egypt.

Next, there was Ahmose, he drove off

the Hyksos and started the Middle Kingdom. He led an uprising in

Egypt using bronze and iron weapons.

We can not forget Hatshepsut. She was the first female

pharaoh. Her main interest was developing trade. She traded

beads, metal tool and weapons for GOLD, IVORY, EBONY,

INCENSE, AND WOOD. She also built a huge temple for herself in

the Valley of the Kings. What an

EGO!!!

Amenhotop IV was the religious reformer. He and

his wife, Nefertiti, took our polytheism beliefs and

converted us to a monotheism. The only god to be worshipped was Aton.

Last for this slide is King Tutankhamen, or King Tut for short. He was about 10 years old and was controlled by the priest. He is famous

because Howard Carter found his tomb and all his treasures. That’s all.

I saved the last pharaoh for last

because he is the only one to be designated as “Great”, Ramses

II.

He is called Ramses the Great because of his military genius, his

construction and restoration of buildings, and his popularity with

his people.

Restore to original condition These are of the

Temple of Karnak.

Abu Simbel

So, from the Nile Crocodile…

To some partying little

pharaoh skeleton

You’re done!!!

For Today ?