In the name of God

Anatomy:

Eye and Ear

Moradian MD, MPH, PhD Candidate

Tehran University of Medical Sciences

drmoradian@sums.ac.ir

2013

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External Anatomy of the Eye

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نماي چشمنماي ظاىري چشم يا قسمتي از چشمم ممو س م ديگران قابو ريت ا ت، شمالو مو قسممت لمي

.باشذپشش خارجي فيذ فت مره چشم ممو : صلبيو

بو شنو دادن چشم بو صرت ممري مممل لمي منذ از اختمان حساش داخو چشمم لااظتمت

.لي منذنقطو اي ياه در لرممس چشمم ممو با م : لردلل

. بر نر بو داخو چشم لي شدقسمت رنگمي چشمم ا مت بمو بمو رنگيماي : نبيو

... اي، سمملي لختلممم لاننممذ بممي، ممبس، قيممه مو اصلي نبيو بنتره انمذازه لردلم . باشذ لي

انذازه نري مو بو مره چشم ارد لي شد بده. رامنتره لي منذ

شفاظي ممو صملبيو چشمم را غشاء نازك : للتامولي پشانذ رگ ىاي خني مو در قسمت صلبيو

http://www.sums.ac.ir/~moradij/wp.ديذه لي شد از ليان للتامو بيرن لي يذ

Lacrimal Apparatus of the Eye

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The Eye

Extraocular Muscles

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Anatomy of the Eyeball

Fibrous Tunic: ليفي Cornea ( پوشيده شده توسط ملتحمه–بدون رگ )قرنيه

Sclera صليبه

Vascular Tunic عروقي Choroid coat مشيميه

Ciliary Body (Ciliary muscle, Ciliary process) جسم مژگانی

Iris عنبيه

Nervous Tunic عصبي

Retina

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Accessory structures of the Eye

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Internal Anatomy of the Eye

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anterior anatomy of the eye

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Sclera

The white part of the eyeball is called

the sclera (say: sklair-uh). The sclera

is made of a tough material and has

the important job of covering most of

the eyeball. Think of the sclera as

your eyeball's outer coat.

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CORNEA

The part of the sclera in front of the colored part of

the eye is called the cornea (say: kor-nee-uh).

Unlike the rest of the sclera, which is white, the

cornea is transparent, or completely clear, which

lets light travel through it. The cornea helps the

eye focus as light makes its way through. It is a

very important part of the eye, but you can hardly

see it because it's made of clear tissue. Like clear

glass, the cornea gives your eye a clear window to

view the world through

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IRISBehind the cornea are

the iris and the pupil.

The iris (say: eye-riss)

is the colorful part of the

eye. When we say a

person has blue eyes,

we really mean the

person has blue irises!

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PUPIL

The iris is a muscle. This allows the

iris to control how much light goes

through the pupil (say: pyoo-pul).

The pupil is the black circle in the

center of the iris, and it lets light enter

the eye. The pupils will get smaller

when a light shines near them and

they'll open wider when the light is

gone.http://www.sums.ac.ir/~moradij/wp

Between the iris and

cornea is the anterior

(say: an-teer-ee-ur)

chamber. This chamber is

filled with a special

transparent fluid that gives

the eye oxygen, protein,

and glucose (a type of

sugar in the body) to keep

it healthy.

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TEARS

Our tears form a

protective layer at the

front of the eye and

also help to direct the

light coming into our

eye.

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Lens

After light enters the

pupil, it hits the lens.

The lens sits behind

the iris and is clear

and colorless. The

lens' job is to focus

light rays on the back

of the eyeball - a part

called the retina (say:

reh-tin-uh).http://www.sums.ac.ir/~moradij/wp

The lens is

transparent with

spherical surfaces.

It is convex which

means thicker in the

center.

Lens

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The lens is suspended in the eye by a

bunch of fibers. These fibers are

attached to a muscle called the ciliary

(say: sih-lee-air-ee) muscle. The ciliary

muscle has the amazing job of changing

the shape of the lens. That's right - the

lens actually changes shape right inside

your eye!

Lens

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Retina

Your retina is in the very back of the

eye, past the vitreous body. Though it's

smaller than a dime, it holds millions of

cells that are sensitive to light. The

retina takes the light the eye receives

and changes it into nerve signals so the

brain can understand what the eye is

seeing.

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VITREOUS BODY زجاجيه /جسم شيشه اي

The biggest part of the eye sits behind the

lens and is called the vitreous (say: vih-

tree-us) body. The vitreous body forms two

thirds of the eye's volume and gives the eye

its shape. It's filled with a clear, jelly-like

material called the vitreous humor.

In a real eye, after light passes through the

lens, it shines straight through the vitreous

humor to the back of the eye.

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Ear

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حاوی آندولنف: البیرینت غشایی

پری لنف: البیرینت استخوانی

Cochlea

The cochlea

resembles a snail shell

and spirals for about 2

3/4 turns around a

bony column

Within the cochlea are organ of Corti

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Traveling Waves

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