analysis of the field work and the collected information of phase ii gorée, senegal - june, 2008
TRANSCRIPT
Analysis of the field work and the collected information of phase II
Gorée, Senegal - June, 2008
Goal of the data analysis The surveys are only significant and
representative at the local level However, they can be illustrative of the
regional dynamics and trends… The surveys combined with the regional
studies and chain analyses provide: a general description of local characteristics a justification of the choice of the selected
regions Information to respond to the program
hypotheses
Main characteristicsof the selected
regions
Descriptive analysisof the sample
Region 1 Region 2 Region 3
Main characteristics of the regional sampleLEVEL 1
LEVEL 2
LEVEL 3
LEVEL 4
Global income analysisper quintile
Farm incomeanalysis
Analysisof the heterogeneity
(local level)
Country
Level 1: regional data breakdown* Main characteristic of the regional sample
Demography Size of the household in adult equivalent Dependency ratio
Human capital Education
Social capital Network index
Structure of economic activities % of HH
Global income Level, distribution and structure of income => which allows to test
the differences between regions Mean: income shares are calculated for each household, and then the mean
of the household shares of each type of income is calculated
* At the household level per region: mean, median, min/max, standard deviation
Level 2: explanation of the heterogeneity or homogeneity of the regional results
If the analysis of the global income at the regional level gives a high standard deviation
=> check of the heterogeneity at the local level (locality, community, village)
* mean, median, min/max, standard deviation
Sampleof region 1
Income quintileQ1
Income quintileQ2
Income quintileQ3
Income quintileQ4
Income quintileQ5
Level 3: Global income classes analysis
In order to compare the income structure and their characteristics among the 7 RS countries, we must split our sample into 5 equal rural households’ quintiles from the poorest to the richest
This way of calculating the quintiles [or deciles] is different from income distribution analysis (level 1)
20% of HH20% of HH20% of HH 20% of HH 20% of HH
20% of income20% of income20% of income 20% of income 20% of income
1
2
1
2
Structure of global income
Multi-activities&
incomesources of the rural HH
Cropproduction
Livestockproduction
Agriculturalwageemployment
Transfers
No-agriculturalwageemployment
No-agriculturalself-employment
Agriculturalactivities
Non-agriculturalactivities
On-farm
incom
e
Off-farm
income
Rents
Sampleof region 1
Income quintileQ1
Income quintileQ2
Income quintileQ3
Income quintileQ4
Income quintileQ5
Level 3: Global income classes analysis
Farm income
Agricultural wages
Self-employment
Non agricultural
wagesTransfers Rents
Importance of a given income source in the global income at the household level Mono-variable analysis on the main characteristics per income quintile (mean, median, min/max, deviation)
=> Demography, human and social capital
Level 4: Farm income classes analysis
Sampleof region 1
Farm income class
1
Farm income class
2
Farm income class
3
Farm income class
4
Farm income class
x
Mono-variable analysis> factor endowment : land, workforce, capital and equipment=>Demography, human and social capital
Test of cross-tab analysis on explanatory variables (example)
Land sizeFarm
income class 1
Farm income class 2
Farm income class 3
Farm income class 4
Farm income class n
< 1 ha
1 – 2 ha
2 – 5 ha
> 5 ha
Number of HHs: n = 300 Probability of having a refrigerator:
If HH 1 has a refrigerator, than:
Durable goods index:
To allow cross-country comparison, the number of durable goods has to be the same in each country
Example: Durable goods index
Durable goods
Region 1
HH1
Refrigerator 54 Yes
Radio 126 Yes
TV 60 No
Cell Phone 81 No
Bicycle 75 Yes
Motorbike 12 No
Vehicle 3 No
18,0300
54orrefrigeratP
11 orrefrigeratD
85,025,0142,0118,01
1...11
111
D
PDPDD vehicleVehicleorrefrigeratorrefrigerat
Response to the main hypothesis of
RS
Existing processesof differentiation
among rural households
H1: segmentation on the basis of market access and integration process Identification of the integrated chains or
variations among chains? Criteria of integration?
Contracts? Structure of the value-chain? Marketing channel?
Characteristics of the HH integrated/ participating in integrated value-chain?
Implications of integration on farm income?
Region 1
Traditional channel
(without contracts)
Contract channel
Age of the chief of HH
Education
HH size (adult equivalent)
Network index of the chief of HH
Locality or distance to paved road
Farm size (ha)
Irrigation ratio
Use of fertilizers
Permanent employees (#/farm)
Casual labor (#/farm)
Family labor (% of permanent)
Farms with phone (%)
Equipped with irrigation system (%)
Equipped with transportation (%)
Equipment index
farms with a packing shed (%)
Capitalization level (% of land acquired over the last 5 year)
Capitalization level (variation of livestock stock over the last 5 years)
% of HH income from farming
% of HH income from non agri. activities
Access or type of credit
H1: segmentation and integration(result of Thursday’s pm discussion)
1. types of chains with integration characteristics of product / specific assets / market (product or demand driven)
2. type of marketing (HH level) Spot market Middlemen Monopsony S.Markets
3. formal / informal contracts 4. characteristics of contracts based on:
Product characteristics Inputs / services provision
5. Index of integration (% of farm income with integrated chains)
6. Characteristics of the integrated HH 7. Implications of integration on farm income?
H3: Segmentation on the basis of diversification of activities & income What definition of diversification?
Farm / off-farm - Index of diversification? State of diversification in the selected
regions Importance of agricultural income Development of waged labor (agri/non-agri) Other activities and transfers
Characterization of the HH diversifying their activities and income sources
Implication of diversification on global income