analysis of aid flows and aid effectiveness in the central african republic in 2007
TRANSCRIPT
Slide 1Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Aid to CAR in 2007, management and effectiveness
Slide 2Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
A. Aid management in CAR Overview of the aid management system and first results for 2007
Slide 3Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Aid management improves coordination
• Public online database for humanitarian and development aid
• Donors, implementers, projects, finances, sectors, places
• Key tool for Paris Declaration follow-up
• Donors mainly responsible for data entry
• In place in more than 40 countries, common in Asia, rare in Africa
Aid management system in brief Aid management systems worldwide
Slide 4Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Making aid work better
• Monitor PRSP, CAP, UNDAF progress
• Render humanitarian and development work more transparent
• Provide same info to everyone
• Better reflect partner contributions
• Facilitate aid coordination
• Build national capacity
Goals for aid management in CAR Website http://dad.minplan-rca.org
Slide 5Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Number of projects documented in detail in the aid management system
Data entry progresses rapidly
Sep ‘08 Oct ‘08 Nov ‘08 Déc ‘08 Jan ‘08 Fév ‘09
12
96
176
243
276
202
Slide 6Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Encouraging numbers
• Aid more than doubled since 2005
• Multilateral reengagement since 2006
• No bilateral reengagement in development work
• Humanitarian aid brings additional resources and new donors
External assistance (gross)
Rising aid to CAR since 2005
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
$63m
$126m
$81m
$251m $242m
$117m
DevelopmentHumanitarian
WB arrears clearance
Slide 7Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Numbers remain relatively high
• $164m disbursed for development activities and projects (78% of total)
• Positive effects of PRSP and Round Table
• $78m disbursed for humanitarian action (32% of total)
• Humanitarian and recovery support 2,5 higher than in 2006
$242m disbursed in 2007 (gross)
Total external assistance in 2007
$80m, Projects(33%)
$74m, Budget support(31%)
$9m, Tech. cooperation(4%)
$78m, Humanitarian (32%)
Slide 8Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Multilateral support is essential
• $335m commitments signed for specific projects and activities*
• $164m disbursed by donors*
• Multilateral institutions represent 80% of disbursements
• $155m spent by implementers (government, UN, NGOs, etc.)
Disbursements (Top 10)*
Development aid in 2007
* Including for multiyear projects and activities
EC
United Nations
IMF
France
AfDB
United States
China
World Bank
Sweden
Japan
$54.1m
$36.4m
$31.0m
$24.2m
$17.5m
$17.5m
$12.8m
$7.6m
$5.7m
$5.6m
Slide 9Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Top four sectors represent more than 75% of expenditures in 2007
Post-conflict profile of development aid
Action related to debt
Government, peace and civil soc.
Health
Non-specific budget support
Population and reproductive health
Transport and storage
Divers social sectors
Multisector aid
Education
Forestry
$44m (30%)
$36m (23%)
$22m (14%)
$14m (9%)
$8m (5%)
$6m (4%)
$6m (4%)
$4m (3%)
$4m (3%)
$3m (2%)
Slide 10Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Stuck in the recovery gap…
< $1m> $1m> $3m> $6m> $9m> $12m
Only 20% of direct development expenditure outside the capital Bangui
Slide 11Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
< $1m> $1m> $3m> $6m> $9m> $12m
Commitments* for specific projects started rising in 2007
Slow to get going…
* Commitments signed in 2007, including for multiyear projects and activities
Slide 12Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Quick response to urgent needs
• $79m commitments signed for specific projects and activities*
• $78m disbursed*
• 2,5 times higher than in 2006
• Brings additional resources and donors
• $54m spent by implementers (75% by UN, 25% by NGOs)
Disbursements (Top 10)*
Humanitarian aid in 2007
United States
United Nations
France
EC
Sweden
Irland
Japan
Netherlands
Canada
Germany
$17.2m
$15.6m
$7.1m
$7.0m
$5.7m
$3.7m
$3.6m
$3.2m
$2.7m
$1.9m
* Including for multiyear projects and activities
Slide 13Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Heavy concentration on food security
Survival was priority
Food security and agriculture
Multisector aid to IDPs / refugees
Health
Coordination and logistics
Education
Shelter and non-food items
Protection and human rights
Water and sanitation
Staff security and safety
$23m (43%)
$12m (22%)
$9m (17%)
$7m (13%)
$1m (2%)
$1m (2%)
$1m (2%)
$0.5m (1%)
$0.1m
Slide 14Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
More than 90% of expenditure outside of Bangui
< $1m> $1m> $3m> $6m> $9m> $12m
Survival was priority
Slide 15Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Development aid slow to get going in 2008
• Aid transfers likely rose slightly to more than $260m (+10%)
• Development aid remained concentrated on Bangui: debt, peace, governance and HIV/AIDS
• More development commitments, but concrete projects (and results) still hardly visible
• Humanitarian aid remained heavily focussed on food security for 2nd
year in a row
Expenditures concentrated in Bangui
Navigating the recovery gap in 2008 (and 2009)
< $1m> $1m> $3m> $6m> $9m> $12m
Slide 16Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
B. Aid effectiveness context in CARResults of the Paris Declaration Implementation Survey 2008
Slide 17Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
OECD survey results for 2007
• Mark D (A=strong, D=weak)
• PRSP contains best-practice elements but is not operational
• Numerous elements not in place– Sector strategies– Global or sector MTEFs– Action, results, and impact matrixes
Appropriation
Priority actions for CAR
Create institutional framework
Render framework operational
Design sector strategies
Prepare MTEFs
Render PRSP operational
Country exercises effective leadership over its development policies and strategies
Slide 18Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
• Mark 2 for public financial management systems (1=very weak)
• Budget underestimates aid
• Accounting system not operational
• Procurement regulations obsolete
• Most projects not managed by the government, due to weaknesses
Alignment
Put aid management system in place
Elaborate procedures and guides for national execution
Build project management capacity
Improve public financial management systems
Improve public procurement systems
Donors base their overall support on national strategies, institutions and procedures
OECD survey results for 2007 Priority actions for CAR
Slide 19Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
• Very little programme or sector aide
• Few joint missions
• Little joint analytical work
Harmonisation
Support sector strategies
Develop joint strategies
Harmonise procedure
Reinforce capacities of agencies working in CAR
Donors’ actions are harmonized, transparent and collectively effective
OECD survey results for 2007 Priority actions for CAR
Slide 20Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
• Mark D (A=strong, D=weak)
• Evaluation framework contains best-practice elements but is not operational
• Lack of reliable and regular statistics
• Low capacity of statistics institute
Managing for results
Render monitoring and evaluation framework for PRSP operational
Execute priority surveys
Build statistical capacity
Put aid management system in place
Managing resources and improving decision-making for results
OECD survey results for 2007 Priority actions for CAR
Slide 21Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
• Absence of mutual review mechanisms
Mutual accountability
Improve quality of dialogue between government and partners
Render PRSP coordination framework operational
Put aid management system in place
Donors and partners are accountable for development results
OECD survey results for 2007 Priority actions for CAR
Slide 22Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Not all gloom…The good news for aid effectiveness since 2005
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Free and fair elections after coup in 2003 (Bozizéconfirmed)
Re-launch of humanitarian and development work with new UN team, aid flows start rising
World Bank clears debt arrears
IMF, AfDB reengage
Country signs Paris Declaration
First PRSP and first Donor Round Table
Country reaches HIPC decision point
Number of NGOs working in CAR rises from 3 to 30
First year of PRSP implementation
UN PeacebuildingCommission engages
Aid management system put in place
HIPC
Slide 23Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
C. General country contextBasic info on the Central African Republic
Slide 24Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Landlocked in the volatile centre of Africa
CAR
Rebellion or internal conflict
ChadSudan
Cameroon
DRCCongo
Darfur
Gabon Uganda
Nigeria
Slide 25Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR Slide 25Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Bangui
ChadSudan
Darfur
DRCCongo
Cameroon
Timber
Diamonds
Uranium
Gold
Rich soils…
Slide 26Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Desperately poor population…
Mali GambiaNigeria CAR Niger Burkina Faso
73
Source: World Bank (2002)
More than 67% of CAR’s 4 million people live on less than one dollar a day
70 6764
61 61 59
Zambia
Slide 27Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
No development progress…
19901985 1995 2000 2005Source: HDR (2007)
One of only two LDCs in Africa with a falling human development indicator
Human Development Index (HDI) Growth, Base = 100 (1985)
Burkina Faso, Niger, Guinea-Bissau,Mali, Mozambique, Chad, Ethiopia
CAR
DRC
100
+15%
+30%
+45%
-15%
Slide 28Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Widening growth gap…
Source: IMF (2007)
1985 1990 2000 2005
Income per head (PPP) grew by less than 20% in CAR, but doubled in Sub-Saharan Africa
1995
GDP growth, Base = 100 (1985)
100
+20%
CAR
Sub-Saharan Africa +100%
+40%
+60%
+80%
-20%
Slide 29Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Growing aid gap…
Source: OECD (2007), Development Assistance Disbursements (constant USD), All donors
1985 1990 2000 2005
Development aid to Sub-Saharan Africa rose by 87% since 1985, but fell by 49% for CAR
1995
100
-20%
CAR
Sub-Saharan Africa
+40%
+60%
-80%
ODA Growth, Base = 100 (1985)
-60%
-40%
+20%
+80%
+100%
Slide 30Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR Slide 30Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Because of political instability?CAR scores -1.69 on the World Bank’s political instability index
Rwanda
Angola
Central African Republic
Chad
South Africa
Nigeria
Sudan
-2.5
Congo, Dem. Republic of
Somalia
0-1.0 1.0 2.5
Uganda
Cote d’Ivoire
Source: World Bank (2007), Worldwide Governance Indicators, Selection
Slide 31Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Very limited international presence in 2007
Paoua
Bangui
Bambari
Birao
Ndélé
SibutBouar
Bossangoa
Bozoum
Kaga-Bandoro
Slide 32Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Displacement in the north of the countryIntense conflict in the north from mid 2006 to mid 2007
UN
UN
UNUN
UN
Bossangoa
Kaga-Bandoro
Bangui
Ndélé
Birao
Sam-Ouandja
Gore
Bozoum
Am Timan
Wau
Obo
500 km
UN
Refugee camp
Border
Prefecture
Town / settlement
Road
Road banditry
Intense conflict
Severe attacks / burning
Slide 33Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Source: FTS (2008)
2004 20062005
Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) financing rises from $2.9m in 2004 to $106.5m in ‘08
2007
$9.8m
$77.7m
$2.9m
$23.9m
$106.5m
2008
Increasing humanitarian financing
Slide 34Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Paoua
BANGUI
Bambari
Birao
Ndélé
SibutBouar
Sam Ouandja
Bossangoa
Bozoum
500 kmSource: HDPT CAR / Sep 08
Mbrés
Kaga-Bandoro
Kabo
Gordil
International presence in late 2008
Obo
Bocaranga
JUPEDEC
Slide 35Mar-09 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
For more information go to:
http://dad.hdptcar.net
http://www.hdptcar.net