analysis essay rough draft

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Dear White People could be renamed Dear Anyone Considering An Ivy League Education, probably with a subtitle along the lines of “Proceed with Caution.” In this movie, Justin Simien conveys very clearly his negative views of prestigious universities. He attacks different aspects of life at these esteemed institutions, including the administration, the compartmentalization of students, and the concern with tradition. The film Dear White People makes the claim that prestigious universities are negative, unhealthy environments through various rhetorical techniques of film. Before analyzing the claims made in the film, it is important to note that it is a response to a rhetorical situation. A rhetorical situation is “a natural context of persons, events, objects, relations, and an exigence which strongly invites utterance, with an exigence being “an imperfection marked by urgency” (Bitzer 5, 6). Every piece of rhetoric is in response to an outside situation, and this film is no different. addr The writers created a fictional school, Winchester University, to symbolize a real life ivy league university. While Winchester is fictitious, the problems addressed are very real. The first of these problems the film identifies is the college administration. Normally, one would expect school administrators to be portrayed as kind and sympathetic, genuinely concerned with the wellbeing of its students. Not at Winchester. This administration is displayed as a bureaucratic mess, using its students only as means to garner income and create good PR. The king of PR concern is President Fletcher, who symbolizes the entire administration. From the moment he appears onscreen, President Fletcher is shown in a negative light through his speech. The dialogue written for his character is saturated with lines conveying not only a lack of concern for his students, but a disgusting naivety. His opening line, “Free speech my ass,” immediately presents him at odds with all the “American ideals” the audience holds dear. Even if the connection is unconscious, this very specific reference to something usually revered lends to an immediate negative impression upon the audience. Further, his lack of concern manifests itself when he is more worried about impressing the investors than dealing with the blatant race issue destroying his campus. When he discusses this issue with Dean Fairbanks, Fletcher shows concern, but it is directed at the possible impact on the upcoming fundraiser than towards the effects of his school’s environment on his students. Next, he mutters “racism is over in America anyway,” after which the audience is invited to join Dean Fairbanks in an aghast scoff. Only moments before, the audience was angry that he was not responding to the issue, and now he goes even further, claiming it does not even exist. While in some cases this ignorance may result in a transition to pity, here it instead invites derision. The problem is presented as obvious at Winchester that a president who openly denies it can only be either incredibly apathetic about the wellbeing of his students or incredibly stupid. Later, when confronting Sam, President Fletcher is condescending about her “little war.” He does not take her seriously as a person, but sees her as a pain in his side, an obstacle on his desperate mission to impress investors. Finally, the last line of the entire film has Fletcher, when tempted to exploit his students for a reality television show, asking “how much we talking?” The last line sticks in the

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This is the first draft of my analysis essay.

TRANSCRIPT

Dear White People could be renamed Dear Anyone Considering An Ivy League Education, probably with a subtitle along the lines of “Proceed with Caution.” In this movie, Justin Simien conveys very clearly his negative views of prestigious universities. He attacks different aspects of life at these esteemed institutions, including the administration, the compartmentalization of students, and the concern with tradition. The film Dear White People makes the claim that prestigious universities are negative, unhealthy environments through various rhetorical techniques of film. 

Before analyzing the claims made in the film, it is important to note that it is a response to a rhetorical situation. A rhetorical situation is “a natural context of persons, events, objects, relations, and an exigence which strongly invites utterance, with an exigence being “an imperfection marked by urgency” (Bitzer 5, 6). Every piece of rhetoric is in response to an outside situation, and this film is no different. addr The writers created a fictional school, Winchester University, to symbolize a real life ivy league university. While Winchester is fictitious, the problems addressed are very real. 

The first of these problems the film identifies is the college administration. Normally, one would expect school administrators to be portrayed as kind and sympathetic, genuinely concerned with the wellbeing of its students. Not at Winchester. This administration is displayed as a bureaucratic mess, using its students only as means to garner income and create good PR.  

The king of PR concern is President Fletcher, who symbolizes the entire administration. From the moment he appears onscreen, President Fletcher is shown in a negative light through his speech. The dialogue written for his character is saturated with lines conveying not only a lack of concern for his students, but a disgusting naivety. His opening line, “Free speech my ass,” immediately presents him at odds with all the “American ideals” the audience holds dear. Even if the connection is unconscious, this very specific reference to something usually revered lends to an immediate negative impression upon the audience. Further, his lack of concern manifests itself when he is more worried about impressing the investors than dealing with the blatant race issue destroying his campus. When he discusses this issue with Dean Fairbanks, Fletcher shows concern, but it is directed at the possible impact on the upcoming fundraiser than towards the effects of his school’s environment on his students. Next, he mutters “racism is over in America anyway,” after which the audience is invited to join Dean Fairbanks in an aghast scoff. Only moments before, the audience was angry that he was not responding to the issue, and now he goes even further, claiming it does not even exist. While in some cases this ignorance may result in a transition to pity, here it instead invites derision. The problem is presented as obvious at Winchester that a president who openly denies it can only be either incredibly apathetic about the well­being of his students or incredibly stupid. Later, when confronting Sam, President Fletcher is condescending about her “little war.” He does not take her seriously as a person, but sees her as a pain in his side, an obstacle on his desperate mission to impress investors. Finally, the last line of the entire film has Fletcher, when tempted to exploit his students for a reality television show, asking “how much we talking?” The last line sticks in the 

audience’s memory, stamping down the final importance that Fletcher has not changed, money is still number one in his mind. 

Even beyond the dialogue, the camera angles convince the audience to dislike President Fletcher. During the first scene in which he appears, the camera views him from below, forcing the audience to look up at this figure. The longer the scene stretches, the more the audience dislikes the President, and the more they resent being forced to look up at him. In this way, they are aligned with the student body, also being forced to look up at their president. Again, in the final scene, the audience is looking up at the President. This time, the President is a little man with a bow tie in a chair that towers over him. He is arranged to look weak, but the audience still has to look up at him. This specific angle invites the audience to realize how unfit the President is for his position above the students. 

The other leader of the school, Dean Fairbanks, may seem to show the positive aspects of the Winchester University administration. On the surface, he seems to care about Lionel, a black, openly gay student who is bullied by most of the student body. Lionel feels comfortable enough to come to him about his issues. Unfortunately, Dean Fairbanks more clearly embodies the negative aspects of the administration. He refuses to listen to his son. Instead of working actively to find a solution to Lionel’s problem, he just moves him to a different dorm­ “third time’s the charm.” Obviously, shuffling Lionel from dorm to dorm is not effective, but it is easy, so that is what Dean Fairbanks does, again showing the lack of true concern for his students well being that Winchester University has. 

Besides the administration, even the general staff does not really care about its students. In one scene, Sam turns in a video an entire semester late. When pressed for an excuse, she admits she had to return home over the summer because her father fell ill. Here is a student, with a passion for the subject, obviously struggling with a personal issue piled on top of a heavy course load. Instead of trying to find a way to help, her professor tells her to “pull it together. This is Winchester.” Here is another member of the faculty of this university unconcerned with the wellbeing of its students. 

Beyond the shortcomings of its administration, Winchester University also fosters an environment of diminished student individuality. The students are compartmentalized into specific stereotypes. These labels cause the students to struggle in their university life.  

The editing of the shots in the opening scene present the harsh labeling the students at Winchester University are subjected to. When the students are introduced by dorm, a literal box is drawn around the students. This box, while at its base simply adding a title to the frame, also acts metaphorically. The students are “put in a box,” a colloquial way to say they are regulated to fitting a single stereotype. The directors, knowing this, drew these boxes around the students to bring this imagery to mind. Beyond this, the shots themselves are created with the students remaining completely still and the camera moving. The way the students are stationary suggests them being statues or dolls, positioned as the creators feel fit. The students, however, are not 

dolls. They are actual human beings, each with his own complex personality, and he cannot be regulated to a single box.  

Another way the filmmakers portray this forced conformism is through their costume choice. Characters who are supposed to act the same way are usually dressed the same way. This is especially effective in the opening scene, but also shown throughout the movie. 

The characterization of Lionel shows a specific instance where this compartmentalization mentality proves particularly harmful. Lionel has trouble fitting a single stereotypical group due to both his race and sexuality. The scene where he calls his own home to find an extremely offensive outgoing message, set by Kurt, that specifically targets him due to his sexuality shows how he does not fit in at Kurt’s house. Later, in Armstrong­Parker, he is kicked out along with Kurt when all outsiders are removed from the dining hall. Lionel obviously does not fit in here either. The dangers of this outsider feeling takes form when Lionel is manipulated by the newspaper editor. When he is assigned the profile piece on Sam, Lionel is visibly uncomfortable with the assignment, but he says does not refuse because that would be a rejection of the only people on campus that seem to accept him. If the student body was not regulated to specific stereotypical compartments, Lionel would have an easier time making friends and would not be so easily manipulated by the chance at companionship.  

This environment is also hugely detrimental to Sam. She struggles with her identity because she is half white and half black. Feeling she must choose a group to join, a single stereotype, a mold, to fill, Sam chooses to embrace her African American identity. Her hair especially is symbolic of this choice. She works daily to put it up, to make it look more stereotypical of the group she struggles to join. The scene with Gabe shows how this single group does not fully show her personality. He tells how she displays stereotypes of both groups. For example, he tells her that he knows she listens to Taylor Swift. That the audience understands this is a stereotype of white girls shows “our interpretation of images”­ or, in this case, speech­ “often depends upon historical context and the cultural knowledge we bring to them­ the conventions they use or play off of, the other images they refer to, and the familiar figures and symbols they include” (Practices of Looking 30). The audience’s understanding of Gabe’s speech hinges on our understanding of our culture and stereotypes within it. And a complete understanding of the speech is necessary in understanding how Sam struggles with the extreme stereotype situation at Winchester University. Gabe reveals a huge part of Sam’s character through her struggle to hide the parts of her identity that society views as white. Sam feels regulated to a single group, a single stereotype, and so must reject all parts of her that do not fit with this image. The environment at Winchester lends itself to such a struggle to fit a well­defined mold. 

Another issue the directors reveal about prestigious universities is the conflict between modern world and strict tradition. The university attempts to maintain tradition even when it is unrealistic for the current, modern times. 

One way the film sets up this juxtaposition is through the set. The Corinthian columns and general architecture of the physical school, reminiscent of ancient Greek temples, stand in stark contrast to the students playing soccer on the quad before them. Another example is the Armstrong­Parker dining hall. Fabric tablecloths and crystal glasses grace the table before the students, but on these elegant tables Sam flips Kurt’s plate. Here, the actions conflict with the set to illustrate this disparity. This refusal to change tradition at Winchester becomes a serious issue with housing. Originally, the university was mostly white. Recently, a thriving black community was built at Armstrong­Parker house. To combat this change, the administration proposed the Randomization of Housing Act, which would destroy the chance for students of color to choose the same house. Sam must endure weeks of arguing with the administration and petitioning with her fellow students to convince Winchester that the Act should be repealed. 

Dear White People is a complex film with many themes, one of which is the negative environment fostered in prestigious universities. Through rhetorical techniques of film such as dialogue, camera angle, shot types, costume, set, and more, Simein clearly conveys his feelings on the subject.      PDF IS PRINT!!!!!!!