analyse av egen øks
TRANSCRIPT
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 1/18
Mppoyjjbdj nv lb obfl `rn Nust‐Njklr7
\tjndjspudctlt `mr klddl ndnfysld lr nt glj cmh mvlr lb Njklr‐obfl mj cgõptl klddl `mr oruc smh
rl`lrndslhntlrblff mj
snhfbdj$
Kld
vnr
b jndscl
kìrfbj
`mr`ntdbdj
dìr
glj
`bcc
kld&
mj
`mr
ì oõtl
pì
klttl vbffl glj pussl kld mpp$
@õrstl trbdd b ld sfbc prmslss vnr ì stìfoõrstl õcsn$ Klt dlstl glj jgmrkl vnr ì oljyddl ì sfbpl ljjld pì
kld$
\dklr klttl nrolbklt sì glj rnsct nt klflr nv ljjld vnr jglddmh ìrldls fõp ofbtt sì hyl sfbpt nt
ljjstìflt vnr omrtl b oìkl `rnhljjld mj oncljjld nv õcsn$ Jdbstldl `rn stìflt vbf vàrl `mrscglffbj mh
klt lr ljjstìflt lfflr mhfljjlt smh sfbpls$ Klttl lr fltt ì sl mj ld jndscl sbcclr hndulff hltmkl `mr
ì olkõhhl evbfcld cvnfbtlt klt nctulffl stìflt enr$ %B tbffljj vnr dnccld pì õcsn jìtt klfvbs b stycclr"
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 2/18
Hnrclrbdjldl pì obfklt vbslr evmr fndjt ljjstìflt jìr ut hmt cndtldl nv ljjld$ Ld cnrnctlrbstbcc nv
õcsn cnd vàrl nt kld lr utsfbtt mj klr`mr olstlhtl glj hlj `mr ì cnppl mpp õcsn `mr ì ltsl
cutt`fntldl$ Klttl `mr mh hufbj ì cuddl jgõrl hlj mpp ld hldbdj mh `lhstbffbdjsprmslssld$
@rlhstbffbdjsprmslssld7
Kld `õfjldkl
ndnfysl
vbf
prbhàrt
vàrl
onslrt
pì
evn
jgldstndkld
`mrtlffl$
Klttl
hlk
tndcl
pì
spmr
lttlr `rlhstbffbdj$ B tbffljj vbf glj fljjl tbf nrolbksprmslsslr mh glj mpp`nttlr smh cgldtl b knj$ Pbklrl
lr hìflt hlk klddl ndnfysld ì `ì õvlfsl b ì sl pì jgldstndklr `mr mh hufbj ì ndsfì kld rbctbjl
`rlhstbffbdjshìtld utld ì hìttl jì tbf sì krnstbscl tbftnc smh ì cnppl -ltsl$ Klt sbstl b klddl
snhhldeldj `mr mh hufbj ì `bddl spmr lttlr snhhld`õydbdjlr lfflr ndkrl scguftl structurlr$ Qfbc glj
slr klt vbf ld dõyl ndnfysl b `mrcndt nv ld mppcnppbdj cuddl jb rbctbjl svnr$ @mreìpldtfbjvbs vbf klr`mr
ld ltsdbdj nv sdbtt`fntlr vàrl hlk pì ì udklroyjjl klt smh glj pì `mreìdk enr sltt- ndsfìtt$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 3/18
[lrhbdmfmjb7
@rnhljj
Oncljj
Enhhlr
Ljj
Cvnrc
_yjjPlnrmh-Õ l
Dnccl
Qcgljj
Lflhldt vndfbj pì
õcslr `rn NN$
Cgncl
Ofnk
Qfbpl`ns
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 4/18
Õcslljjld7
Ybfld vbslr ld svlbsl`lbf hlffmh mhfljjlt mj ljjstìflt b sfbpl`nsld$ Obfklt udklr vbslr ld `lbf b
oncljjld$ Qbkld klttl lr utld`mr klt mhrìklt nv ljjld smh `mrtsntt enr ljjstìf lr klt snddsydfbj nt
klttl lr ld svlbsl`lbf b mhfljjlt& lvldtulft ld structurkl`lct b stìflt$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 5/18
Õcslofnklt7
Obfklt tbf vldstrl vbslr dmld tlcsturlr b mvlr`fntld$ Mh klttl lr spmr lttlr snhhldsltdbdjlr lfflr mh
klt lr structurlr b glrdlt lr vndsclfbj ì nvjgõrl$ Obfklt tbf eõyrl vbslr mjsì nt klt bccl lr emhmjldt
glrd b `rlhrl egõrdl nv cvnrcld$ Lfflrs lr õcsn vlfkbj gnhd b klttl mhrìklt& mj vbslr bdjld tljd tbf
pìsvlbsbdj lfflr dml nddlt$
Obfklt udklr vbslr ld nddld õcs$ Klr sydls scgõtld cfnrt$ Evbs õcsn mvlr lr scgõtt snhhld pì ld
tbfsvnrldkl lfflr fbjdlkl hìtl& vbslr kld klt bccl$ Ndkrl tljd pì evmrknd õcslofnklt lr sntt snhhld
`bddlr glj bccl$ Obfklt te udklr lr lt utsdbtt nv klr scgõtld sfuttlr$ Klt lr bccl hufbj ì sl
snhhld`õydbdjld
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 6/18
Dnccld- Õylt7
Obfklt tbf eõyrl vbslr dnccld mj õylt
sltt `rn mvlrsbkld$ Klt vbsls ld
tyklfbj sprlcc
`rn
õylt
mj
utmvlr
b
ofnklt& mj snhtbkbj ld sprlcc
hlffmh enhhlrld mj sbkldl nv
enhhlrld$ B dlkrl cndt lr klt
hufbj ì sl ld sfnjs snhhld`õydbdj
hlffmh klt smh lr sbkldl nv
enhhlrld mj enhhlrld$ @mr hlj
lr klttl lt tyklfbj tljd pì nt
enhhlrld lr oyjk mpp pì ld hìtl
smh bccl lr jgmrt lttlr nt bdkustrbld
tmc mvlr õcslshbbdj$ Pbklrl lr
klttl ld hìtl smh glj bccl enr
`uddlt olscrlvlt b dml fbttlrntur sì
fndjt$
Obfklt udklr vbslr enhhlrld sltt onc`rn$ Qcgõtld hlffmh enhhlrl mj sbkldl vbsls tyklfbj mj slfv
klr evmr svlbsld bccl lr jìtt mpp vbslr obfklt nt enhhlrld bccl lr lt styccl pjn kld ugnhdl sfbtnsgld
b mvlr`fntld$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 7/18
Obfklt vbslr elr udklrcndt nv dnccld$ Dlklrst b obfklt scbhtls ld scgõt hlffmh enhhlrld mj sbkldl
nv enhhlrld$ Obfklt udklr vbslr tyklfbj evmrknd kld bddsvlbstl obtld fõsdlr `rn mhfljjlt$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 8/18
Qtìfslttbdj - õcslofnklt$
Klddl õcsn lr stìfsntt b ljjpnrtblt$
Glj enr bccl `uddlt tljd tbf ndkrl
pfnsslr ldd ljjld klr klt lr dml
nddlt ldd ofõtt glrd$ Qmh dlvdt lr
oìkl `mr‐ mj oncljj sfbpt sì fndjt
tbfoncl nt ljjstìflt lr omrtl b kl
yttlrstl klfldl nv ljjld$ Klt smh
lfflrs lr splsblft hlk ljjld mj
ofnklt lr nt ljjpnrtblt lr hnrclrt
tycclrl ldd lt styccl bddld`mr$
Qnhhldsltdbdjld nv õcslofnklt lr
lfflrs ld jìtl `mr hlj$ Evbs õcsn lr
orlttlt& lr klt hljlt orn jgmrt `mr
kl ldlstl pfnssldl glj `bddlr spmr
smh cnd hbddl mh klttl lr b
`rlhcndt nv õyl& klr klt lr ld
sprlcc$ Klddl
lr
bccl
sldtrlrt
ut
b`rn
kld
shnflstl
klfld
nv
õylt&
sì
klttl
cnd
vàrl
lt
klfvbs
mhfljj$
Pbklrl vbslr obfklt udklr ld klf tlcsturlr rudkt udkrl `rlhcndt nv õylt mj `rlhmvlr b cvnrcld$ Mh
klttl lr rlstlr nv orlttlhìtlr
lfflr bomldkl glrdstructurlr
lr bccl sì fltt ì vurklrl$ Klt
cnd sl ut smh kld hbktlrstl
klfld lr lt bddfljj& hld
sfbplprõvlr nv klddl vbslr
bccl dmld ndkrl jdbstlr ldd
klt mhfbjjldkl$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 9/18
Qmh nfflrlkl snjt `bddlr glj vbklrl bdjld hlrclr lttlr ld orlttbdj nv õcslofnklt$ Klt lr bdjld sydfbjl
scgõtlr evlrcld b ryjjld nv õcsn lfflr `rn cvnrcld mj ut b scgljjlt$ Kl ldlstl hlrclt glj enr `uddlt
smh cnd vàrl nv dml bdtlrlssl lr ld fndjsjìldkl sprlcc b scgljjlt$ Klddl fbjjlr sìpnss fndjt `rn
hbktncsld pì scgljjlt& sì hbd hldbdj mh klddl lr nt klt lr dml smh lr b glrdlts structur$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 10/18
[rbdd ?7
Ndnfysl
nv
ljld
õcs$
Hìfsltdbdjld hlk kld vbsulffl ndnfysld smh glj enr ut`õrt tbf dì enr vàrt ì jgõrl hlj mpp ld
hldbdj mh evmrknd õcsn enr vàrt prmkuslrt$ Klt dlstl smh stìr `mr tur dì lr ì cnppl mpp õcsn mj
ltsl sdbtt`fntldl$ @mreìpldtfbjvbs vbf klttl cuddl `mrtlffl hlj ld klf tbdj$ @mr klt `õrstl mh klt lr
dmld scguftl snhhld`õydbdjlr pì õcsn smh glj bccl enr cfnrt ì sl$ Pbklrl vbf ld ltsdbdj cuddl
`mrtlffl hlj mh klt lr oruct `mrscglffbjl stìfcvnfbtltlr pì stlklr smh lr scguft mj mh klt stlhhlr nt
ljjstìflt lr sfbtt omrt b `rnh‐ mj oncljjld$ Obfklt udklr vbslr evmrknd õcsn cnppls mpp$ Qdbttldl
jgõrls sfbc nt kl `mreìpldtfbjvbs vbf nvsfõrl klt hlstl mh kl bdkrl structurldl b õcsn$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 11/18
Evn cnd
flsls
ut
nv
ld
sfbc
ltsdbdj=
Elr lr õcsn cnpplt mpp mj ltslt$ @rlhhl b sfbpl`nsld cnd ljjstìflt scbhtls smh lt hõrclrl pnrtb$
Õcsn lr ltslt hlk glrdcfmrbk omrtsltt b`rn klf dr$ ? `rn tmppld$ Klr enr glj oruct snfpltlrsyrl$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 12/18
Ljjpnrtblt7
Plk ì ltsl stìf lr dml nv klt hlst mppsbctsvlccldkl nt vndfbj glrd bccl `ìr dmld `nrjl hlds glrd hlk
lt eõylrl cnromdbddemfk%stìf" ofbr `nrjlt hõrclrl gm hlr cnromd klt enr$ Klr`mr lr klt fltt ì sl scbfflt
hlffmh ljjstìf mj glrd b õcsn$ Klt `õrstl glj tldctl pì dìr glj sì ljjld lttlr ltsdbdj vnr evmr fbtl
ljjstìf õcsn enr$ Ldtld lr õcsn vlfkbj jnhhlf mj sfbpt hyl dlk lfflr sì vnr tbkfbjlrl shlklr vlfkbj
jglrrbj hlk ljjstìflt$
Pbklrl cnd vb sl nt ljjstìflt bccl enr cmhhlt elft tbf oudds b klt spmrlt klt lr sntt bddb$ Klttl b
cmhobdnsgmd hlk
nt
õcsn
lr
dml
tycclrl
b ljjpnrtblt
ldd
bddld`mr&
cnd
plcl
pì
nt
spmrlt
lr
hlbsflt
mpp$ Pbklrl vbslr bccl õcsn dmld `mrh `mr svlbsl`lbf `rn õylt mj `rlhmvlr$ Enkkl elfl ofnklt vàrt
svlbslt snhhld nv tm pfntlr& slr glj klt smh usnddsydfbj nt klt bccl enkkl vàrt dmld `lbf$ Õcsn
enkkl svlbsl`lbf b ljjld& mj klt lr ld hbdkrl svlbs smh lttlr hbd vurklrbdj lr flttlrl ì `ì elf$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 13/18
Dnccld7
Plk mppscgàrbdj nv õcsn vnr klt hufbj ì sl structurlr b enhhlrld$ Ltsdbdjld `mrstlrclt klttl mj jnv
enhhlrld lt sàrljldt utslldkl b sdbtt`fntldl$ Pbklrl vbsls klt cfnrt nt enhhlrld lr svlbslt bdd
hlffmh sbkldl$ Qtructurldl b `fntldl vbslr klttlt klr enhhlrld enr cfnrt nvjrldslt structur b `mremfk
tbf sbkldl$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 14/18
Plnrmhhlts `rlhcndt7
Elr jnv
bccl
ltsdbdjld
dml
ldtykbj
svnr$
Qmh
snjt
lr
klt
ld
hnrclrt
sprlcc
b `rlhcndt
nv
õylt$
Ltslspmrldl mj structurlrlr bccl hufbj ì `õfjl elft `rlh tbf ljjld$ Klttl vbffl vàrl ld bdkbcnsgmd pì nt
õcsn lr orlttlt$ Klrbhmt fbjjlr klt smh slr ut smh ld svlbs %n"pì vldstrl sbkl nv emvlkhnssld b
ofnklt& mj lt bddsõcc b ofnklt cnd vàrl ldkld nv svlbsld$ %o" Qvlbsld sydls smh lt hõrclrl pnrtb b klt
õvlrstl sdbttlt$ Fbdgld a vbslr mhtrldtfbj evmr svlbsld jìr pì klt dlklrstl sdbttlt$%Obfklt vbslr mvlr mj
udklrsbkl nv klt snhhl sdbttlt"
Ybfld vbslr elr sõcclt b ofnklt smh
cnd tykl pì nt vlnrmhhlt lr
orlttlt klfvbs$
o
o
n
a
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 15/18
Cmdcfusgmd7
Ì trlccl ld ldtykbj cmdcfusgmd ndjìldkl mppoyjjbdj nv klddl õcsn lr vndsclfbj$ Ldclftl nv klfldl
lr flttlrl
ì ndnfyslrl
ldd
ndkrl
mj
kl
rlsuftntldl
glj
enr
cmhhlt
`rlh
tbf
vbf
b dmld
snhhldeldjlr
vàrl sbcrl mj b ndkrl hlr usbcrl$
Pbklrl enr glj b klddl snhhldeldjld bccl sltt pì nddlt cbfklhntlrblff `mr ì olfysl olsflctlkl
hìtlr pì fnjl lb õcs pì$ Ymldjlt enr tbf ldevlr tbk vàrt ì `bddl ut evmrknd klddl õcsn enr vàrt oyjk
mpp$ Ndkrl õcslr lr sntt snhhld pì ld nddld hìtl mj klddl nrtbcclflds `mrhìf lr bccl ì vbsl nffl kl
`mrscglffbjl hìtldl smh `bddls `mr ì fnjl ld õcs$
Glj enr elfflr bccl jìtt bdd pì kntlrbdj nv õcsn$ Kld enr bdjld sbjdntur& mj klt ldlst glj enr ì kntlrl
kld hlk lr prmkucsgmdsprmslss mj hntlrbnfl$ Dìr klt jglfklr prmkucsgmdsprmslssld cnd tbfsvnrldkl
hìtlr ì fnjl õcslr pì kntlrls tbf lttlr >5<9 b [lflhnrc$ Mh klt pì klttl tbkspudctlt ofl fnjk õcslr b
Njklr pì snhhl hìtld lfflr mh klt vnr `norbccprmkucsgmd %Dàs Glrdvlrc" smh enkkl mvlrtntt& vbtls
bccl$
Dìr klt jglfklr hntlrbnflt b õcsn lr klt hufbj ì sb dml$ Qfbc kl jìr `rlh pì obfkldl lr klt tm typlr stìf b
kld$ Ljjstìflt smh lr lt cnromdstìf mj mhfljjlt smh enr hbdkrl cnromd$ %[bkfbjlrl ofl oljrlplt stìf
oruct mh stìf smh fmt slj elrkl& hlds glrd ofl oruct pì stìf smh bccl tmc elrkslf& kvs$ ld A‐ , pì an
9&;$ Ld prnctbsc `mrh `mr oltljdlfsl smh glj emfklr hlj tbf b`rn dì$"
Klt smh lr elvlt mvlr tvbf lr nt õcsn lr oyjk mpp nv lt glrd smh enr jmkl ljldscnplr dì klt jglfklr ì
ofb shbsvlbst$ Pbklrl vbslr obfkldl nt glrdlt bccl lr emhmjldt& hld olstìr nv glrd mj svnrtl
sfnjjpnrtbcflr$ Glrd
smh
klttl
enr
hndjl
oltljdlfslr$
Yì
ldjlfsc
cnffls
klt
wrmujet
brmd$
Ndkrl
oltljdlfslr lr Fndansebrl& Pnffmd& svlbsglrd lfflr strbplglrd$ %Ql obfkl udklr"
\ndsltt evn klt cnffls lr cglddltljdlt `mr kbssl glrdtypldl nt kl enr bomldkl sfnjjrlstlr smh lr lt
rlsuftnt nv `rlhstbffbdjsprmslssld$ Lt nddlt cglddltljd lr nt klt lr klt olstl hntlrbnflt smh cnd
mppkrbvls dìr klt scnf shbsvlbsbdj$ Klttl `mrkb klt lr rlbdt& klt tìflr hyl vnrhl mj kl bomldkl
sfnjjrlstldl `udjlrlr smh lt `fusshbkklf$ Klt lr mjsì sfbc nt klttl glrdlt ofl prmkuslrt b ld
fnvtlcdmfmjbsc prmslss mj b rlfntbvt shì hldjklr mj ofl lrstnttlt nv bdkustrblft `rlhstbft glrd `rn >5<<
b Ldjfndk$ Dì lr klt slfv`õfjlfbj ld `mrsbdclfsl b evmr rnsct bdkustrblft glrd cmh tbf Dmrjl& sfbc nt kld
jnhfl typld glrd ofl dmc oruct lttlr >5<<$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 16/18
Yrmslssldl7
Kl `õfjldkl tljdbdjldl vbslr evmrknd glj trmr klddl õcsn lr fnjk ut b`rn evn glj enr `uddlt b tbkfbjlrl
ndnfysl$ Glj enr b klddl snhhldeldj bccl tntt stbffbdj tbf rlccl`õfjlr `mr kl `mrscglffbjl prmslssldl&
vlrctõyoruc mj nddlt smh lr vbctbjl klflr nv ld sfbc prmkucsgmdsprmslss$
Ljjld7
[ljdbdjld vbslr evmrknd kld klfld nv õcsn smh scnf ofb ljjld lr hlbsflt mpp$ Lttlr mpphlbsfbdjn vbf
ljjstìflt `mrnrolbkls mj fljjls bdd b kld cfõyvkl klfld$ Klttl shbsvlbsls mj ofbr tbf ltt$ Pbklrl hì
klddl klfld shbls ut tbf rltt kbhldsgmd mj `mrh$ Onclrst pì lhdlt vbsls ld hufbj nvcnppbdj nv
lhdlt$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 17/18
Pln‐rmhhlt-Qcn`t‐õyl7
Qmh klt jìr `rlh nv tljdbdjld lr ljjld stìfsntt pì klttl tbkspudct$ Klt dlstl nrolbkshmhldtlt lr ì
fnjl vln‐rmhhlt$ Klfldl smh scnf svlbsls snhhld `mrnrolbkls mj fljjls snhhld smh vbst$ Plk ì
jgõrl klttl pì klddl hìtld vbf klt `lrkbjl rlsuftntlt ofb sfbc smh vbst hlk ltsdbdj b nvsdbttlt mh
vlnrmhhlts `rlhcndt$ Ld `mrklf hlk klddl nrolbkshìtld lr nt svlbsl`fntldl lr rlfntbvt shì b
`mremfk tbf ì svlbsl snhhld elfl õcslofnklt$
7/29/2019 Analyse av egen øks
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/analyse-av-egen-oks 18/18
Õcsl‐enhhlrld7
Klt sbstl trbddlt b prmslssld lr ì fuccl vlnrmhhlt b onc‐cndt$ Klttl jgõrls vlk nt ld glrdobt svlbsls
bdd hlffmh sbkldl b õcsldnccld$ Klttl lr bccl ld vlfkbj emfkonr hltmkl `mr ì fnjl enhhlrld$ Yì
hndjl lfkrl õcslr lr klttl tyklfbjvbs lt svnct pudct mj klt lr hndjl hlk klddl enhhlrld smh enr
ofbtt õklfnjt$ @mr ì `mrstlrcl kld vnr klt hufbj ì stìfslttl enhhlrld$
%obfklr -[ljdbdjlr7 [lrgl Jrndìs"