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РЕПУБЛИКА МАКЕДОНИЈА Универзитет „Св. Климент Охридски„ Битола Економски Факултет - Прилеп „Улогата на меѓународните маркетинг канали при настап на меѓународен пазар„ - магистерски труд - Ментор: Кандидат: проф. д-р Гоце Менкиноски Ана Петровска Прилеп, 2014 год.

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  • . -

    - -

    : :

    . -

    , 2014 .

  • 2

    :

    ...................................................................................................................................4

    1. ............................................................................10 1.1. ............................................................10 1.2. .......................12 1.3 . ......................................14

    2. .................................................16 2.1. .........................................................16 2.2. ..........................................................................21 2.3. .........................23

    3. ......................................................33 3.3. ....................................................................................33 3.4. .............................................................................................................35

    4. ....................................................40 4.1. .........................................................................40 4.2. ......................................................................44 4.3. ..................................................................................................47 4.4. ..................................................................58 4.5. .....................................................................63

    5. ....................................................................72 5.1. .............................................................................................72 5.2. ..................................................................74 5.3. ...................................................................................76 5.4. .................................................................................78 5.5. .......................................................................................80 5.6. ............................................................................................................................81

    6. 83 6.1. ................................................................................83 6.2. .....................................................................................86 6.3. ........................................................88 6.4. ......................................................92 6.5. ....................................................94

    7. 95

  • 3

    7.1. .........................................................................................................95 7.2. ...............................................................................................................97 8.

    . . ...................................................................................................99

    9. ................................................................................................110

    1 .........................................................................................................................112

    2 .........................................................................................................................113

    ...................................................................................................................115

  • 4

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    1 Milosavljevic, prof. d-r Momcilo, Marketing,sedamnaesto izdanje, Savremena administracija

    d.d., Beograd, 1997, .357 ;

  • 11

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  • 12

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  • 15

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    1 Lovreta, prof. d-r Stipe; Koncar, prof. d-r Jelena; Petkovik, prof. d-r Goran, Kanali marketinga trgovina i

    ostali kanali, prvo izdanje, Centar za izdavacku delatnost ekonomskog fakulteta u Beogradu, Beograd,

    2005 god, str.14

  • 16

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  • 17

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    1 Previsic, prof. d-r Jozo; Ozretic Dosen, prof. d-r Durdana, Medunarodni marketing, Masmedia,

    Zagreb, 1999 god., str. 697

  • 18

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    ; : : Previsic, Jozo;

    Ozretic Dosen, Durdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999

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  • 19

    ; : Previsic, Jozo;

    Ozretic Dosen, Durdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999

    . ,

    .

  • 20

    ; : Previsic, Jozo; Ozretic Dosen, Durdana,

    Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999

  • 21

    2.2.

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  • 22

    (

    ).

  • 23

    2.3.

    .

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    , Milanovic - Golubovic

    :

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    , ;

    - : , , ,

    ;

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    1.

    Rakic, ,

    : ,

    , ,

    2.

    Czinkota Ronkainen

    :

    , , , , , ,

    , , , 3.

    1 Milanovic-Golubovic, prof. d-r Vesna, Medunarodni marketing i globalan biznis, Megatrend

    univerzitet primenjenih nauka, Beograd, 2003 god., str. 319

    2 Rakic, prof. d-r Beba; Rakic, prof. d-r Mira, Medunarodni marketing(trece izdanje), Megatrend

    univerzitet primenjenih nauka, Beograd, 2005 god., str. 350

    3 Czinkota, Michael R.; Ronkainen, Ilkka A., International Marketing, second edition, The

    Dryden press, Chicago, 1990 god., str. 347

  • 24

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  • 25

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    2010 ., . 177

  • 27

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    keiretsu Lovreta, Koncar Petkovic

    1.

    : ,

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    .

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    .

    ,

    1 Lovreta, prof. d-r Stipe; Koncar, prof. d-r Jelena; Petkovik, prof. d-r Goran, Kanali marketinga

    trgovina i ostali kanali, prvo izdanje, Centar za izdavacku delatnost ekonomskog fakulteta u

    Beogradu, Beograd, 2005 . . 97

  • 28

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  • 32

    .,

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    .1

    1 Milosavlevic, prof. d-r Momcilo, Marketing, Savremena administracija, Beograd, 1997 god., str.

    367

  • 33

    3.

    3.1.

    .

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    364

  • 34

    , (

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  • 35

    3.2.

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    (Oriflame) (Avon),

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  • 36

    (Zepter). (p Shop)

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    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 455

  • 37

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  • 38

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  • 39

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  • 40

    4.

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    ().

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  • 41

    .

    ; : Previsic, Jozo;

    Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999, .702

    , ,

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  • 42

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    1 Previsic, Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999, .703

  • 43

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  • 44

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  • 45

    ; : Previsic,

    Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999, .702

    ,

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  • 46

    :

    (AGENTS)

    (MERCHANTS).

    ()

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    ,

    1.

    .

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    2.

    1 , . - , , ,

    , 2011, . 432

    2 Czinkota, Michael R.; Ronkainen, Ilkka A., International Marketing, second edition, The

    Dryden press, Chicago, 1990 ., . 358

  • 47

    4.3.

    Previsic Dosen1

    :

    - (Export Merchant),

    - (Export Drop Shipper),

    - (Export Distributor),

    - (Export Management Company - EMC),

    - (Trading Company),

    - a a ja (Export Trading Company),

    - (Consortium),

    - (Cooperative Exporter),

    - (Purchasing/Buying Agent),

    - (Country-Controlled Buying

    Agent),

    - (Resident Buyer),

    - (Export Agent),

    - (Export Broker),

    - (Factor),

    - (Commision Agent).

    (Export Merchant)

    .

    1 Previsic, Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999, .702

  • 48

    .

    .

    ,

    .

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    Shipper) e

    .

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    .

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    (Export Distributor)

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  • 49

    . ,

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    ( Export Management Company)

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  • 50

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    (Trading Company)

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  • 51

    (General Trading Companies) ,

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

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    .

    .

    (sogoshosha) .

    , , , .

    ,

    . 1

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    (Consortium)

    .

    , ,

    , .

    1 Czinkota, Michael R.; Ronkainen, Ilkka A., International Marketing, second edition, The

    Dryden press, Chicago, 1990 god., str. 401

  • 52

    , ,

    . ,

    .

    , ,

    .

    .

    (Cooperative Exporter

    Piggy Back Exporter Kangaroo Exporter)

    ,

    .

    .

    .

    .

    General Electric Singer .

    (Purchasing/Buying Agent,

    Commisssion Agent, Export Buying Agent Export Commission House)

    .

    .

    , .

    .

    ,

    .

  • 53

    (Country-Controlled

    Buying Agent) ,

    (

    ) .

    (Resident Buyer)

    .

    Previsic Dosen,

    1.

    (Export Agent)

    .

    ,

    .

    (Export Broker)

    .

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    , ,

    .

    1 Previsic, Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999, .702

  • 54

    .

    :

    , , .

    , ,

    ,

    ,

    1.

    (Factor),

    , (

    ).

    . ,

    ,

    : ,

    .

    .

    (Commission Agent)

    , .

    , .

    Czinkota Ronkainen

    ( ),

    ( )2.

    1 , . - , , ,

    , 2011, . 437

    2 Czinkota, Michael R.; Ronkainen, Ilkka A., International Marketing, second edition, The

    Dryden press, Chicago, 1990 ., . 359

  • 55

    .

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    ,

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  • 56

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    2.

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    1 , ; , , ,

    , , , 2010, .198

    2 ibid 198

  • 57

    . ,

    ,

    .

  • 58

    4.4.

    . : , ,

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    , , , ,

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    ).

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    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 504

  • 59

    .

    . , , Rakic

    , ,

    1,

    .

    , .

    :

    - ,

    - ,

    - ,

    - ,

    -

    - 2.

    1 Rakic, doc. d-r Beba, Medunarodni Marketing (trece izdanje), Megatrend univerzitet primenjenih

    nauka, Beograd, 2005, .364

    2 , ; , , , ,

    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 505

  • 60

    , .

    (Merchant Wholesalers) .

    ,

    ( Full-service Wholesalers)

    ( Limited-service Wholesalers).

    , ,

    .

    (Wholesale Merchants) (Industrial Distributors).

    ,

    ,

    . , , ,

    ( )

    , .

    :

    -

    (Mail-order Wholesalers)

    ,

    . ,

    , ,

    .

    - (Product Cooperatives)

    .

    ,

  • 61

    ,

    .

    -

    (Cash and Carry Wholesalers), ,

    .

    .

    - (Drop

    Shippers)

    .

    .

    , , .

    - (Truck

    Wholesalers)

    , ,

    .

    - (Rack Jobbers)

    , ,

    , .,

    .

    .

    -

  • 62

    . ,

    .

    .

    , , ,

    .

    - (), ,

    :

    o (Selling Agents)

    1.

    ,

    .

    o (Purchasing Agents)

    ,

    .

    .

    1 Previsic, Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999,

    .712

  • 63

    4.4.

    ,

    , ,

    -

    1. ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    : ,

    , , ,

    .

    : ,

    , ,

    .

    .

    2013 .

    1 , ; , , , ,

    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 484

  • 64

    2012 ($000)

    (`12 `11

    ($000)

    2012

    ( 2012 2011)

    1 Wal-Mart $328,704,000 4.0% $467,896,000 70.3% 4,570 3.3%

    2 Kroger $92,165,000 6.6% $92,165,000 100.0% 3,538 -1.0%

    3 Target $71,960,000 5.1% $71,960,000 100.0% 1,778 0.9%

    4 Costco $71,042,000 10.6% $97,062,000 73.2% 435 2.4%

    5 The Home

    Depot $66,022,000 6.4% $74,754,000 88.3% 1,965 0.1%

    6 Walgreen $65,014,000 -1.2% $66,977,000 97.1% 7,821 2.2%

    7 CVS Caremark $63,688,000 6.7% $63,863,000 99.7% 7,472 1.7%

    8 Lowe's $49,366,000 0.2% $50,521,000 97.7% 1,715 0.2%

    9 Safeway $37,532,000 1.6% $42,237,000 88.9% 1,418 -2.4%

    10 McDonald's $35,593,000 4.2% $88,290,000 40.3% 14,146 0.4%

    11 Amazon.com $34,416,000 30.4% $61,093,000 56.3% - na

    12 Best Buy $34,411,000 1.1% $45,385,000 75.8% 1,500 4.0%

    13 Sears Holdings $30,727,000 -9.2% $36,102,000 85.1% 3,229 -7.5%

    14 Macy's $27,610,000 4.9% $27,686,000 99.7% 841 0.1%

    : http://www.stores.org/2013/Top-100-Retailers

    Previsic

    :

    ,

    1.

    1 Previsic, Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999,

    .717

  • 65

    :

    - (Supermarkets)

    .

    ,

    VEROPOULOS

    VERO.

    - (Department Stores)

    . Rakic

    : , , , ,

    1.

    Marks And Spenser, Target .

    : http://www.thedubaimall.com/en/shop/DepartmentStore/marks-

    spencer.aspx

    1 Rakic, doc. d-r Beba, Medunarodni Marketing (trece izdanje), Megatrend univerzitet primenjenih

    nauka, Beograd, 2005, .367

  • 66

    - (Specialty Stores)

    . ,

    .

    Zara, Mango, :

    Gap, Victoria`s Secret, Starbucks .

    - (Convinience Stores)

    (Neighbourhood shops)

    ,

    .

    .

    ,

    .

    - (Discount store)

    (

    Walmart) (Lidl).

    .

    - (Hipermarket) 10

    000 30 000 2 ,

    . Carrefur

    .

  • 67

    : http://steventeng.com/wp-

    content/uploads/2009/01/cnycarrefourthecurve-004.jpg

    - (Shopping Centre)

    . Skopje City

    Mall Ramstore Mall.

  • 68

    : http://www.skopjecitymall.mk/press-news/big-opening-of-skopje-city-mall-

    this-fall-392

    Previsic

    :

    - (Factory Outlets)

    ,

    50%

    1.

    - ( Indepenent Off-price

    Retailers)

    .

    - (Warehouse clubs)

    .

    .

    - (Catalog Showroom)

    Kotler

    , ,

    2.

    . IKEA,

    ( ).

    1 Previsic, Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999, .719

    2 , ; , , , ,

    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 485

  • 69

    , Kotler

    1, Previsic :

    (Corporate store)

    ,

    .

    , .

    e (Volontary Chajn)

    .

    (Retailer cooperatives), ,

    ,

    .

    (Congeries)

    (

    , ), 2.

    .

    1 ibid 487

    2 Previsic, Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999, .719

    2 , ; , , , ,

    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 488

  • 70

    ,

    . ,

    ()

    (),

    , ,

    ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    1. ,

    ,

    . , ,

    ,

    .

    McDonald`s, Burger king (

    ), Benneton, Sheraton, Hilton .

    Douglas Craig

    ,

    2.

    (Merchandising conglomerates)

    2 Douglas, Susan P.; Craig, C. Samuel, Globalna marketing strategija II izdanje, Poslovni sistem

    Grmec-Privredni pregled, beograd, 2001, . 169

  • 71

    1.

    Target Corporation,

    Marshall Fields

    Target, ''Target.direct''

    2.

    1 , ; , , , ,

    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 487

    2 http://www.ehow.com/info_7774848_types-organizations-retail-trade.html

  • 72

    5.

    5.1.

    , , ,

    (, )

    1.

    ( )

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    ,

    .

    .

    , , ,

    , ,

    . , ,

    ,

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    .

    1 , . - , , ,

    , 2011, . 351

    2 ibid 359

  • 73

    ' , ,

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  • 74

    5.2.

    ,

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    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 503

  • 75

    1.

    `

    ,

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    , .

    , ,

    .

    1 ibid 504

  • 76

    5.3.

    o

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    .

    (-Comerce).

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    ,

    ,

    .

    www.ebay.com, www.priceline.com, www.amazon.com .

    -

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    . ,

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    .

    1 http://www.mdm.com/articles/29605-trends-in-distribution-for-2013?v=preview

  • 77

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    . ,

    .

    ( Joint ventures)

    .

    ..

    .

  • 78

    5.4.

    ,

    .

    (Multuchannel marketing)

    ,

    .

    .

    Marks&Spenser (www.thenextweb.com)

    Marks&Spenser

    , 13 000

    3 1. , Marks&Spenser

    - Marks&Spenser,

    .

    2.

    ,

    :

    1 http://annualreport2011.marksandspencer.com/

    2 , ; , , , ,

    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 469

  • 79

    -

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  • 80

    5.5.

    ,

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    ,

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    , ,

    .

    . ,

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    ,

    .

    24 , ,

    Speed

    Pass.

    ,

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    .

  • 81

    5.6.

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    ,

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    ,

    . ,

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    ,

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    .

    Previsic Otto Versand

  • 82

    , First National Bank

    1.

    1 Previsic, Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999,

    .745

  • 83

    6.

    6.1.

    ,

    .

    : Milosavlevic, prof. d-r Momcilo, Marketing, Savremena administracija, Beograd

  • 84

    , .

    , ,

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    . ,

    Previsic Dosen

    1.

    .

    ,

    , : , , ,

    , .

    , , Apple

    Strbucks, i Tunes Music Store

    Starbucks Coffee Company.

    1 Previsic, Jozo; Dosen, Dzurdana, Medzunarodni marketing, Masmedia, Zagreb, 1999, .741

  • 85

    : http://www.ambergristoday.com/content/directory-entry/richies-

    supermarket

  • 86

    6.2.

    .

    , ,

    .

    : Milosavlevic, prof. d-r Momcilo, Marketing, Savremena administracija,

    Beograd

    ,

    , .

    . , -

    .

  • 87

    ,

    ',

    ,

    .

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    . ,

    - :

    , 1.

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    1 , ; , , , ,

    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 466

  • 88

    6.3.

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  • 89

    ,

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  • 90

    ,

    .

    , ,

    :

    , 1 ().

    , .

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    ()

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    :

    -

    -

    -

    ,

    . , General Motors

    , 2.

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    , ,

    1 , ; , , , ,

    DATAPONS DOOEL SKOPJE, 2009, . 473

    2 ibid 471

  • 91

    .

    .

    ,

    , .

  • 92

    6.4.

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    o,

    .

    .

    .

    .

    ,

    .

    .

    .

    ,

  • 93

    .

    .

    ,

    ,

    .

    .

    ,

    .

    ,

    . ,

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    .

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  • 94

    6.5.

    .

    ,

    ,

    . ,

    .

    .

    ,

    . ,

    .

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  • 95

    7.

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    .

    : , ,

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    (

    , ,

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    .1

    1 Douglas, Susan P. ; Craig, C. Samuel, Globalna marketing strategijaII izdanje, Poslovni sistem Grmec-

    Privredni pregled, Beograd, 2001, . 162

  • 96

    ,

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  • 97

    7.2.

    .

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  • 98

    -

    - ,

    -

    - ,

    - 1.

    ,

    .

    1 http://importexport.about.com/od/DevelopingSalesAndDistribution/a/Direct-Exporting-

    Advantages-And-Disadvantages-To-Direct-Exporting.htm

  • 99

    8.

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  • 100

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  • 101

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  • 102

    : , - , , ,

    .

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    ,

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    :

  • 103

    BiMilk; BiFruit

    (%)

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  • 104

    - ,

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    HAPPENING.

    2012 . 60 %

    2012.

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    : . (24.8%),

    (28.6%), . (35.2%), (11.4%).

    , ,

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  • 105

    -

    (, , .)

    HAPPENING

    2012 (.)

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    (.)

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    .

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    uombre

  • 106

    - ,

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    , 3% .

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  • 107

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    EUR/. 20 000 000,00 ,

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  • 108

    :

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    (%

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    :

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  • 109

    ,

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    ()

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    ), , 75%

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  • 110

    9.

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  • 111

    ;

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  • 112

    1

    ! .

    . .

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    1. ?

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  • 113

    2

    _______________________

    (.)

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  • 114

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  • 119