An Urban Territory: The An Urban Territory: The MetropolisMetropolis

A Metropolis and Its IssuesChapter 1

Pages 14 - 48

Terms to Know and DefineTerms to Know and Define 1. URBAN

2. METROPOLIS

3. MULTI-ETHNICITY

4. HOUSING CRISIS

5. TERRITORY

6. SUBURB

7. POPULATION

8. MIGRATE

9. CONCENTRATION

10. IMMIGRANT

11. DOWNTOWN

12. SMOG

13. CONSUMPTION

14. DISEASE

15. CITY

16. INFRASTRUCTURE

17. URBAN SPRAWL

Greater Montreal Area Greater Montreal Area (GMA)(GMA)

Page 17 Page 17

Question D Where is the GMA located in relation to Quebec

as a whole? How is this an advantage?

Answer D The GMA is located in southern Quebec and

Montreal is also close to the St. Lawrence River & the

USA.

Some advantages are:

- money from tourism (USA) - convenient for ships to come into the ports (trading / economy / jobs) - Climate is _____________

*Notes*

Question E)

What characteristics of the GMA territory have been favourable to its development?

Answer E)

- We live near different bodies of water.- We have fertile soil and a flat

landscape. - We also have a favourable climate for

agriculture.

Page 17 … continuedPage 17 … continued

Question F/G) - What is urban sprawl, and how has this occurred in the GMA area over the past 50 years?

Answer - Urban Sprawl is the expansion

of the city into the suburbs. In the past 50 years, Montreal has spread into Laval and the South shore.

*Notes*

Page 18-19 (What do you Page 18-19 (What do you think?)think?)

Question How many people live in the Greater Montreal Area?

 Answer

3.5 million people live in the GMA …(2013 = 3.8 million)

Question What are the characteristics of this population?

Answer Other than French (56%) and English (26%), the most common people who live here are Italian, Spanish, Chinese, and Arabic. (Multi-Ethnic)

HomeworkHomeworkWrite down how to say “Hello.

How are you?” in your mother tongue. / language of choice

Have a look at map # 6!

Now look at the next slide!

What observations can you What observations can you make about this population make about this population density map?density map?(write your observations in your notebook)(write your observations in your notebook)

Page 21 #B Question B

In the Greater Montreal Area, where are the industrial areas concentrated?

Answer B

The Industrial areas are mostly near Lake St. Louis, a.k.a. near highways, tunnels, some are near water, near residential areas, near shopping, near suburbs.

Question B

What about the commercial & residential areas? Answer B

- The commercial areas are mostly near the St. Lawrence River

a.k.a. also near homes and the center of Montreal (Downtown).

- The residential areas are all over the GMA.

Let’s Read Pages 22-28!Let’s Read Pages 22-28!As we read and discuss, I would like

you to write down:

TWO interesting facts for Drawing Power (pgs. 22-25)

TWO interesting facts for A Metropolis With International Influence (pgs. 26-28)

Make sure to TITLE your facts: “Drawing Power”: Pgs.22-25 “A Metropolis with International Influence”:

Pgs. 26-28

Page 22-25: Interesting Page 22-25: Interesting Facts! Facts!

Drawing Power (pgs 22-25)

1) There are over 50 libraries in Montreal

2) There are over 120 religious facilities in Mtl

3) About 9 000 000 people travel through Trudeau Airport each year

4) There are approximately 20 hospitals in Mtl.

Page 26-28: Interesting Page 26-28: Interesting Facts!Facts!

A Metropolis With A Metropolis With International InfluenceInternational Influence1) Our PORT is the largest in N.A.

2)Montreal has over 70 international organizations

(Example: UNESCO)

3) Montreal has 2 international Airports

4) Many international companies come from close by

(Example: USA = 53% of international business)

Homework (Due Tuesday, Oct. Homework (Due Tuesday, Oct. 1515thth))

Read pages 30 – 33Answer questions A + B (found on pg. 33)

Read pages 34 – 35Answer questions A + B

Instructions: Instructions: 1 – Date your page

2 – Label Questions and Answers

3 – Includes Titles (underline)

4 – Copy questions carefully, skip a line, & write down the

answer

5 – Leave space in between questions for corrections

6 – Write answers neatly in PENCIL

  Issue #1: Getting around in Issue #1: Getting around in

MontrealMontrealPage 32-33Page 32-33

Question A Why are there traffic trouble

spots in certain places in the GMA? Where are these trouble spots?

Answer A There are traffic trouble spots in

certain places in the GMA because in Mtl. a lot of people use cars and they need to get to different spots at the same time. The trouble spots are mostly located in the urban areas (bridges, near schools, hospitals, highways, etc)

Issue #1: Getting around in MontrealIssue #1: Getting around in MontrealPage 32-33 Page 32-33 (continued)(continued)

Question B Among the causes mentioned,

which are particular to certain days or times? Which are constant?

Answer B There is constant traffic during rush hour,

summer = construction, severe weather = snow removal, July 1st = moving day, holidays = shopping, visiting family,

etc.

Other Modes of Other Modes of Transportation!Transportation!

Solutions to the problem of getting Solutions to the problem of getting aroundaround

Pages 34 +35Pages 34 +35Question A Which modes of transportation, besides

cars, are available to residents of the island of Montreal? Northern and Southern rings?

Answer A Besides cars you can use public transportation, such as the metro, buses, commuter train = AMT, Bixi bikes, taxis, etc.

Solutions to the problem of getting Solutions to the problem of getting aroundaroundPages 34 +35 Pages 34 +35 (continued)(continued)

Question B In your opinion, why is

public transit used more on the island of Montreal than elsewhere in the GMA?

Answer B There is more service in the heart of Montreal compared to the other parts of the GMA because …

(ANSWERS WILL VARY)

Other Modes of Other Modes of TransportationTransportation

What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of the modes of transportation used in Montreal?

Make A Chart!!!

MODES OF TRANSPORTATION

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

METRO -Lots of space - Fast-No pollution -attached to mall-No traffic – cheaper than car – -Travel far – warm in winter

-Can be dirty –Crowded-Strangers – Sometimes late-Doesn’t bring you to door-Breakdowns –lines don’t go to suburbs

BUS -Bus lanes on highways- Options for different fares-Cheaper than cars – EXPRESS BUS –

-Traffic – Crowded - Has to STOP -Pollution - Late-Dirty - Strangers

BIXI BIKE -Can go around traffic-Environmentally Friendly-Healthy - Cheaper than car- 1st fifteen mins are free

-You have to deal with cars (dangerous)- Don’t come with helmets- germs! - weather!! – expensive deposit

AMT TRAIN -Fast- no worries about parking-Air-conditioned

-Breakdowns- Bad scheduling (on weekends)

TAXI -Good when in a hurry- 24 hrs service - Have your own space – door to door service-You can travel far distances

-Expensive!!-Drivers can be bad

Let’s read pages 36-37 Let’s read pages 36-37 together!together!

I need 5 readers!

HOMEWORK (DUE WEDNESDAY)

1) Finish TRANSPORTATION chart!------------------------------------------------2) Pg. 38 (white bubble on left). Try to answer the question: What problems will this family face in its search for housing? Why?

Question What problems will this family face in its search for housing? Why?

Answer The problems this family will face:1) Finding a house they can afford2) Finding a place big enough3) Finding a place where heat & electricity

are including. 4) No $ for extra events, expenses, etc... 5) Rent increases will be bad

Amenities Amenities Any feature that provides

comfort & convenience.

Microwave, Washing Machine, Stove, Fridge, Dryer, Pool

Understanding Apartment Sizes in Understanding Apartment Sizes in Montreal Montreal a 3½ = is a 1-bedroom apartmenta 4½ = is a 2-bedroom apartmenta 5½* = is a 3-bedroom apartment

How does it work?

bedroom = 3

living room  = 1

kitchen  = 1

bathroom  = ½

TOTAL = 5 ½

bedroom = 1

living room  = 1

kitchen  = 1

bathroom  = ½

TOTAL = 3 ½

Issue #2: Finding Housing in Issue #2: Finding Housing in MontrealMontreal

Pages 38 - 43Pages 38 - 43 (Page 39) Question A What observations can you make by comparing the costs of housing units in different parts of Montreal? What are the impacts of these costs?

Answer A Most of the time it costs more to live in the heart of Montreal than the northern & southern rings. The closer you are to resources (metro, buses, banks, grocery stores, etc.) the higher the rent. 

The impact is that families move off-island. This increases traffic. More schools need to be created off-island (this affects Mtl. schools!)  

Issue #2: Finding Housing in Issue #2: Finding Housing in Montreal Montreal (continued)(continued)

(Page 39) Question B Why do many tenants in the city of Montreal have trouble finding housing at a cost within their budget?

Answer B 1. It costs more to live in the big city.

2. Big families need a lot of space and in Montreal,

spacious apartments/houses = (expensive).

3. There isn't enough cheap housing for low- income families.

4. Mtl = big city = LOTS of ppl. want to live here!

Issue #2: Access to Housing Issue #2: Access to Housing Pages 40 - 41Pages 40 - 41

(Page 41) Question B Why do some people have trouble finding housing in Montreal?

Answer B 1. Prices have increased considerably

(Over 66% of tenants in Mtl. use over 50% of

their paycheck to pay rent) 2. There is very little housing

available (Vacancy = less than 1%)

Issue #2: Access to Housing Issue #2: Access to Housing (continued)(continued)(Page 41) Question D

In your opinion, what are the reasons that some people choose to live in the suburbs rather than a big city?

Answer D

People choose to live in the suburbs because it costs less money for the same amount of land.

e.g. A house & yard "this size" in the suburbs costs less than a house & yard of "the same size" in the big city.

Living in the City!Living in the City! ADVANTAGES

 Near many schools

 Lots of different modes of TRANSPORTATION

 Downtown SHOPPING!

 Closer to work!

 You don’t need a CAR! Lots of DIVERSITY

 DISADVANTAGES

 Parking can be a problem  Not enough HOUSING

 Higher TAXES

 Traffic

 Noise Pollution

 Higher Crime Rate

Living in the Suburbs!Living in the Suburbs!

ADVANTAGES

Less NOISE pollutionLess litter (cleaner)Cheaper HOUSING Less traffic in some places

Taxes can be lower

DISADVANTAGES

Not as many choices (schools)

More travelling (to get to the city)

Less PUBLIC TRANSIT (more people have cars)

Less DIVERSE

Tenants, Landlords, & buildersPages 42 - 43

What do you think? Question What do tenants want? What about landlords and contractors?

Builders want …

1) …

 

2) people to stop …

 

3) …

Tenants want …

1) More …

2) governments to …

3) More …

Landlords want …

1) …

2) …

Tenants, Landlords, & buildersPages 42 - 43

What do you think? Question What do tenants want? What about landlords and contractors?

Builders want …

1) social housing groups to stop giving builders a bad

reputation (stop harassing & vandalizing).

 

2) people to stop being frustrated with developers since

there is little low-cost housing because of government

cuts to social housing.

 

3) their right, to choose the type of housing they want to

build, to be respected.

Tenants want …

1) more social housing, affordable rent, & more

help for low-income families.

2) governments to force landlords to renovate/fix-up their rental properties.

3) more understanding landlords (e.g. single

parents)

Landlords want …

1) governments to relax the laws concerning rental properties so they have the right to set the price for their rental properties w/out the rental board interfering.

2) more understanding from the public about the taxes they have to pay & renovations they do.

Issue #3: Managing waste in Issue #3: Managing waste in Montreal!Montreal!

What are we doing with our waste?

Look at the white box on the left of page

44 and answer all 6 questions for next class!

Some terms!Some terms! 1) Population Density

2) Public Transit

3) Tenant / Landlord

4) Landfill

5) Selective collection / Hazardous Waste

Let’s read & discuss pages Let’s read & discuss pages 44-4544-45

Key Ideas

Tonnes of Waste Tonnes of Waste (Pgs. 46 – (Pgs. 46 – 48)48)• Question A

In what ways could the amount of waste thrown away in garbage bags be reduced?

• Answer A

People have to start reducing, reusing, & recycling. Communities have to start providing selective collection.

• Question B How could this practice affect waste management costs?

• Answer B

The waste management costs ($) would decrease & this money ($)could be put towards more recycling, etc…

• Question C

Can hazardous waste be buried with other waste of be incinerated? Why?

• Answer C Hazardous waste cannot be buried w/ other waste or incinerated because it carries the risk of polluting the air & bodies of groundwater.

• Question D In your opinion, why is it important to recycle construction materials?

• Answer D

Discuss everyone’s opinion!

• Question E

Why is it difficult to open new landfill sites near Montreal?

• Answer E You need a lot of land,

people don’t want a landfill in their backyard, and there are many laws that need to be respected when looking for a site.

Terms to Know! Remember: If you don’t understand the definition you find at first, you need to look in another place for a simpler definition.

Places to look: - dictionary, - dictionary,

- textbook glossary, - textbook glossary,

- textbook pages (Unit - textbook pages (Unit 1), 1),

& in your notes! & in your notes!

6 - Life Expectancy

7 - Level of Development

8 - Least-developed countries

9 - Developing countries

10 - Industrialized countries

11 - Gross domestic product (GDP)

12 - Literacy Rate

13 - Shantytown

14 - Densely populated area

15 - Imbalance

16 - Latitude

17 - Longitude

18 - Urban Sprawl

19 - Economic development

20 - Infrastructure

Unit 1, Chapter 2Unit 1, Chapter 2Our World and its IssuesOur World and its Issues

Let’s read and discuss A / B on pages 50 – 51

Pages 52 – 53Pages 52 – 53

Answer C The levels of development of

the parts of the world located above the red line are DEVELOPING & INDUSTRIALIZED.

Below the red line is DEVELOPING and LEAST-DEVELOPED.

(exception = Argentina)

HomeworkHomeworkInequalities within

metropolises

Pgs. 54 - 55 Questions A to C

Urbanization & Urban Growth

Pages 56-57 A to E

Inequalities within metropolises Inequalities within metropolises Pages 55 A-C

Question A

What types of dwellings are in the foreground of document 6? In the background? What part of the population do you associate with each of these types of dwellings?

In the foreground there are many small homes, shanties, very close together.

In the background there are tall buildings, (high-rise), mountains,

Shantytowns = there is a large, poorer population living in the foreground. There seems to be a wealthier population living in the background (skyscrapers, larger homes).

Shantytown in BrazilShantytown in Brazil

Question B Among the various documents presented on these two pages, which one helps you understand poverty the best? Why?

Answer B Documents 7 helps us understand poverty the best because there are many shanties, the condition of the clothing, & they’re barely wearing any shoes on their feet. Homes are next to train tracks. **Also, the children are not in school**.

Question C

When you look at document 8, what observations can you make from the data given for Bangladesh? Brazil? Canada?

Answer C

- GDP Per Capita = Canadians earn the most / Brazilians earns an average amount / ppl. From Bangladesh earn the

least.

- Life Expectancy = Canadians live the longest and ppl. from Bangladesh live the shortest lives in these three.

- Literacy Rate = 1 out of every 100 Canadians cannot read. Less than half of the ppl. from Bangladesh can read.

- Percentage of urban population = Canada 80% of the population lives in urban areas. Brazil 86% & Bangladesh

24%.

- Percentage of urban population living in shantytowns =

Urbanization & Urban Growth

Pages 56-57 A-EQuestion A

What parts of the world are the most urbanized?

Answer A - Mainly located on plains, near

waterways, & seacoasts.

- Eastern and Southeast Asia. - N.A & S.A- OCEANIA

Question B What is the most densely populated area in

the world? What is the level of development of the countries that are part of it?

Answer B The most densely populated area in the world is Eastern & Southeast Asia (on plains, near waterways, & along seacoasts).

The level of development is average (made up of developing countries) & low (made up of least-developed countries).

Question C Why isn’t Montreal one of the world’s largest population centres?

 Answer C It is not one of the world’s largest population centres because Mtl. only has a population of 3.8 million and we need at least 8.2 million inhabitants to qualify.

Question D Among the world’s 25 largest population centres in 2003, how many were located in developing countries?

Answer D 13 of the largest population centres were located in developing countries.

Question D In 2015, in what part of the world will most of the L.P.C. be located?

Answer D In 2015, most of the L.P.C. will be located in Eastern & Southern Asia.

Question E What observations can you make about the development of the world’s urban population?

Answer E 1. Asia is the most densely populated area in the world & this will likely continue.2. Cities are growing!3. Cities with large populations have growing economies ($$$)4. Montreal, in the next few years, will still

not be one of the 25 L.P.C.5. Most of the densely populated areas are

above the equator.

HomeworkHomework

Urban Growth & Urban Sprawl

Pages 58-60 A – F

Urban Growth & Urban Urban Growth & Urban SprawlSprawlQuestion A

What do you see in the foreground, In the middle ground, and in the background of Document #6?

Answer A In the foreground, there are many

cramped shantytowns.

In the middle ground, there is more green & a little more development.

In the background, there seems to be better living conditions (bigger buildings)

Question B Compare Chicago with Sao Paulo. What

observations can you make about how these 2 cities developed?

Answer B Sao Paulo seems as though it developed in a

rushed time-frame without much organization. That may be why there are many unstable homes / shantytowns.

The buildings in Chicago are not as cramped and have better streets / roads. There seems to be better housing as well. This probably means there was a lot of organization and ppl. took their time to plan how to develop the city carefully.

Question C Why is it hard to plan the development of

big cities in developing countries?

Answer C It’s hard because large amounts of ppl.

just move in because they need jobs.

Governments in developing countries often do not have the financial means to construct roads, homes, etc.. properly or support the community.

There is virtually no planning & the population grows rapidly as well.

Question D What living conditions often

await new arrivals in cities in developing countries? Why?

Answer D - It is an average way of

living. --

Question E Why are the populations of big

cities increasing so much? Answer E

These cities may be popular because of all the hopes that these cities hold for better health care, education, jobs, living conditions, etc…

Question F Why are the populations of rich

countries increasing less rapidly than those of developing countries?

Question F The # of children a family has

depends on culture, way of life, tradition, etc... For example, industrialized countries are having 1-2 children per family & least-developed countries are having 4-8 children per family.

HomeworkHomework

Mega crossword on Thursday, Dec. 12th

+ questions on urban growth